Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| pathological and immunohistochemical study of chickens with co-infection of marek's disease virus and chicken anaemia virus. | chicken anaemia virus (cav) is the most important confounding pathogen in marek's disease virus (mdv) infection. the effect of cav co-infection at 4 weeks of age after inoculation of virulent mdv (vmdv, ks strain) or very virulent mdv (vvmdv, md/5 strain) in 1-day-old chicks was investigated by pathological and immunohistochemical studies. cav increased the mortality rates induced by vmdv or vvmdv. the packed cell volume was reduced significantly in vmdv-cav infection; however, no reduction or n ... | 2009 | 19937536 |
| replication of chicken anemia virus (cav) requires apoptin and is complemented by vp3 of human torque teno virus (ttv). | to test requirement for apoptin in the replication of chicken anemia virus (cav), an apoptin-knockout clone, pcav/ap(-), was constructed. dna replication was completely abolished in cells transfected with replicative form of cav/ap(-). a reverse mutant competent in apoptin production regained the full level of dna replication. dna replication and virus-like particle (vlp) production of cav/ap(-) was fully complemented by supplementation of the wild-type apoptin. the virus yield of a point mutant ... | 2009 | 19091368 |
| unscheduled akt-triggered activation of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 as a key effector mechanism of apoptin's anticancer toxicity. | apoptin, a protein from the chicken anemia virus, has attracted attention because it specifically kills tumor cells while leaving normal cells unharmed. the reason for this tumor selectivity is unclear and depends on subcellular localization, as apoptin resides in the cytoplasm of normal cells but in the nuclei of transformed cells. it was shown that nuclear localization and tumor-specific killing crucially require apoptin's phosphorylation by an as yet unknown kinase. here we elucidate the path ... | 2009 | 19103742 |
| discovery of a novel single-stranded dna virus from a sea turtle fibropapilloma by using viral metagenomics. | viral metagenomics, consisting of viral particle purification and shotgun sequencing, is a powerful technique for discovering viruses associated with diseases with no definitive etiology, viruses that share limited homology with known viruses, or viruses that are not culturable. here we used viral metagenomics to examine viruses associated with sea turtle fibropapillomatosis (fp), a debilitating neoplastic disease affecting sea turtles worldwide. by means of purifying and shotgun sequencing the ... | 2009 | 19116258 |
| the selection pressure analysis of chicken anemia virus structural protein gene vp1. | chicken anemia virus (cav) is the pathogen of chicken infectious anemia. to clarify the driving force in cav evolution, we have detected positive selection in the structural protein gene vp1 by using maximum-likelihood models. strong evidence was found that vp1 proteins were subject to the high rates of positive selection, and eight sites were identified to be under positive selection using the bayes empirical bayesian method. interestingly, four selected sites (amino acids 75, 125, 141, and 144 ... | 2009 | 19125320 |
| characteristics of a very virulent infectious bursal disease virus from california. | an outbreak of infectious bursal disease (ibd) in two california layer flocks resulted in the isolation of two infectious bursal disease viruses designated ra and rb. increased mortality plus gross and histopathology in the layer flocks suggested ra and rb could be very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvibdv). preliminary studies indicated that high mortality resulted when bursa homogenates from the layer farms were used to inoculate specific-pathogen-free (spf) chicks. in addition, ra ... | 2009 | 20095162 |
| testing for viral contaminants of veterinary vaccines in hungary. | the safety of veterinary vaccines is of paramount importance and it is significantly jeopardised by extraneous agents such as bacteria, mycoplasma, chlamydia and viruses. several critical steps of vaccine manufacture involve a potential risk of viral contamination. viruses, as extraneous, agents can be divided into two main groups. group 1 agents, such as pestivirus, chicken anaemia virus (cav), and egg drop syndrome virus (edsv) are well-known to manufacturers and authorities. compendial detect ... | 2010 | 20338783 |
| development, standardization and assessment of pcr systems for purity testing of avian viral vaccines. | the european pharmacopoeia (ph. eur.) requires avian viral vaccines to be free of adventitious agents. purity testing is an essential quality requirement of immunological veterinary medicinal products (ivmps) and testing for extraneous agents includes monitoring for many different viruses. conventional virus detection methods include serology or virus culture, however, molecular tests have become a valid alternative testing method. nucleic acid testing (nat) is fast, highly sensitive and has a h ... | 2010 | 20338785 |
| an 8-year longitudinal survey for the presence of antibodies to chicken infectious anemia virus in two specific-pathogen-free strains of chickens. | cornell university maintains two genetic lines of specific-pathogen-free chickens in a filtered-air, positive-pressure house as a closed colony. offspring from each generation are maintained in the same house as the parents without clean-out between successive generations. the two lines have been persistently infected with chicken infectious anemia virus (ciav) since the mid-1990s. all flocks were monitored from 1999 to 2008 for the presence of ciav antibodies two to four times over the 65-wk li ... | 2010 | 20408398 |
| epidemiology and effect on production parameters of an outbreak of inclusion body hepatitis in broilers. | in 2007, an inclusion body hepatitis (ibh) outbreak affected several broiler farms in mississippi. results of logistic regression analyses showed significant associations between ibh occurrence and high enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay geometric mean titers for infectious bursal disease virus. however, there was no association between ibh occurrence and chicken infectious anemia virus status. results of linear regression model analyses showed significant associations between ibh occurrence with ... | 2010 | 20408402 |
| development of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification method for rapid detection of reticuloendotheliosis virus. | a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) method for rapid detection of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) was developed. the method used a set of two pairs of primers to amplify the pol gene for detecting rev, showing high specificity and sensitivity. the rev lamp method did not cross-react with common avian dna viruses (marek's disease virus, chicken anaemia virus, avian leucosis virus of subgroup j). additionally, the assay could detect different rev strains and had a detection limit of ... | 2010 | 20435068 |
| attenuated salmonella typhimurium carrying trail and vp3 genes inhibits the growth of gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. | tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (trail) and apoptin (vp3) of chicken anemia virus can selectively induce apoptosis in human tumor cell lines by two different pathways. salmonella not only delivers functional genes to mammalian cells but also possesses antitumor activity and therefore could be adopted as a novel vector for anticancer therapy. | 2010 | 20572589 |
| comparative susceptibility of some avian and mammalian lymphoblastoid cell lines to chicken anemia virus. | although msb1 is the most-commonly used lymphoblastoid cell line for isolation of chicken anemia virus (cav), some researchers have reported a few biological drawbacks. none of them were supported by the results of the present study. another four avian (hp1, hp2, bk3 and cu10) and two mammalian (btl-26 and ko-1) cell lines were investigated for susceptibility to the tk-5803 and ah-9409 strains. both strains caused cpe on bk3 like msb1. the mean number of positive cells for each strain in msb1 an ... | 2010 | 20683176 |
| crucial roles for protein kinase c isoforms in tumor-specific killing by apoptin. | the chicken anemia virus-derived protein apoptin induces apoptosis in a variety of human malignant and transformed cells but not in normal cells. however, the mechanisms through which apoptin achieves its selective killing effects are not well understood. we developed a lentiviral vector encoding a green fluorescent protein-apoptin fusion gene (lv-gfp-ap) that can efficiently deliver apoptin into hematopoietic cells. apoptin selectively killed the human multiple myeloma cell lines mm1.r and mm1. ... | 2010 | 20719884 |
| molecular characterization of chicken infectious anemia viruses detected from breeder and broiler chickens in south korea. | in south korea, 32 sequences of chicken infectious anemia virus (ciav) from various flocks of breeder and commercial chickens were genetically characterized for the first time. phylogenetic analysis of the viral protein 1 gene, including a hypervariable region of the ciav genome, indicated that korean ciav strains were separated into groups ii, iiia, and iiib. strains were commonly identified in great-grandparent and grandparent breeder farms as well as commercial chicken farms. in the field, ci ... | 2010 | 20952706 |
| development of a dna vaccine against chicken anemia virus by using a bicistronic vector expressing vp1 and vp2 proteins of cav. | in the present study, we describe the development of a dna vaccine against chicken anemia virus. the vp1 and vp2 genes of cav were amplified and cloned into pbudce4.1 to construct two dna vaccines, namely, pbudvp1 and pbudvp2-vp1. in vitro and in vivo studies showed that co-expression of vp1 with vp2 are required to induce significant levels of antibody against cav. subsequently, the vaccines were tested in 2-week-old spf chickens. chickens immunized with the dna-plasmid pbudvp2-vp1 showed posit ... | 2010 | 21146874 |
| lactobacillus acidophilus as a live vehicle for oral immunization against chicken anemia virus. | the acma binding domains of lactococcus lactis were used to display the vp1 protein of chicken anemia virus (cav) on lactobacillus acidophilus. one and two repeats of the cell wall binding domain of acma gene were amplified from l. lactis mg1363 genome and then inserted into co-expression vector, pbudce4.1. the vp1 gene of cav was then fused to the acma sequences and the vp2 gene was cloned into the second mcs of the same vector before transformation into escherichia coli. the expressed recombin ... | 2010 | 21181148 |
| intestinal volvulus with coagulative hepatic necrosis in a chicken. | a 7-week-old spf chicken inoculated at 4 weeks of age with chicken anemia virus was puffed up depressed and had ruffled feathers and a good body condition. intestinal volvulus involving the jejunum and part of the duodenum forming two loops with one knob was observed. microscopically, venous infarction of the obstructed loops, periportal and sublobular multifocal coagulative hepatic necrosis and granulomatous inflammation of the cecal tonsils were observed. gram staining revealed no bacteria in ... | 2010 | 19959885 |
| biological characterization of nigerian chicken anaemia virus isolates. | chicken anaemia virus (cav) dna was extracted from thymus, liver and bone marrow samples obtained from broiler and pullet chicken flocks in southwestern nigeria, which presented with clinical signs and lesions suggestive of both infectious bursal disease and chicken infectious anaemia. while cav was successfully isolated in mdcc-msb1 cells from four of the pooled tissue samples, the remaining two samples failed to grow in cells. monoclonal antibody (mab) characterization using four mabs produced ... | 2010 | 22416640 |
| apoptin enhances radiation-induced cell death in poorly responding head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells. | treatment of head and neck cancers is still rather poor and worldwide new treatment options are sought. sensitizing radioresistant tumours by combining irradiation with other therapeutics to induce apoptosis are widely investigated. we examined whether chicken anaemia virus-derived apoptin protein would have a beneficial effect on irradiation of radiosensitive scc61 and radioresistant sqd9 human head and neck squamous carcinoma cell lines. in both cell lines, concurrent exposure to irradiation a ... | 2010 | 19874285 |
| development and evaluation of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid detection of chicken anaemia virus. | chicken anaemia virus (cav) causes an economically important viral disease in chickens worldwide. the main aim of this study was to establish a rapid, sensitive and specific loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay for detecting cav infection. | 2010 | 19737344 |
| antitumor effects of a recombinant pseudotype baculovirus expressing apoptin in vitro and in vivo. | apoptin, a chicken anemia virus-derived, p53-independent, bcl-2-insenstive apoptotic protein with the ability to specifically induce apoptosis in tumor or transformed cells, is a promising tool for cancer gene therapy. in this study, pseudotype baculovirus, a recently developed alternative gene delivery system, was used as a vector to express apoptin. the resultant recombinant baculovirus (bv-apoptin) efficiently expressed the apoptin protein and induced apoptosis in hepg2 and h22 cells. studies ... | 2010 | 19824041 |
| an optimized polymerase chain reaction assay to identify avian virus vaccine contamination with chicken anemia virus. | the use of embryonating chicken eggs in preparation of avian virus vaccines is the principle cause for contamination with chicken anemia virus (cav). identification of cav in contaminated vaccines relies on the expensive, tedious, and time-consuming practice of virus isolation in lymphoblastoid cell lines. the experience of the last 2 decades indicates that polymerase chain reaction is extending to replace most of the classic methods for detection of infectious agents. in the present report, a s ... | 2011 | 21217025 |
| mortality of one-week-old chickens during naturally occurring marek's disease virus infection. | marek's disease (md) is a disease of chickens that occurs worldwide and has serious economic consequences. md can present as one of several forms, with the most commonly occurring forms being the lymphoproliferative diseases. under experimental conditions, an early mortality syndrome has been recognized following infection by some but not all strains of md virus (mdv). this is the first report of a confirmed case of mortality due to naturally occurring mdv infection in 1-week-old, nonvaccinated, ... | 2011 | 21239693 |
| production and diagnostic application of a purified, e. coli-expressed, serological-specific chicken anaemia virus antigen vp3. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the production of chicken anaemia virus vp3 protein in different escherichia coli strains and to address the diagnostic application of purified e. coli-expressed vp3 protein for the detection of chicken anaemia virus (cav) infection and the development of an elisa kit. three e. coli strains, bl21, bl21 codonplus rp and bl21 plyss, each harbouring a vp3 protein expressing plasmid, were investigated after induction to produce recombinant vp3 protein. after iso ... | 2011 | 21276209 |
| chicken anemia virus: an understanding of the in-vitro host response over time. | chicken anemia virus (cav) is an economically important virus affecting the chicken meat and egg industry. cav is characterized by anemia, lymphoid depletion, and immunosuppression. microarrays were used to investigate the response of mdcc-msb1?cells (msb1) to infection with cav at 24 and 48?h post-infection (hpi). the major genes responding to cav infection include genes involved in inflammation, apoptosis, and antiviral activity. several cytokines were differentially regulated at either 24 or ... | 2011 | 21319974 |
| apoptin gene transfer via modified wheat histone h4 facilitates apoptosis of human ovarian cancer cells. | nonviral approaches have been used extensively for intracellular gene transfer and gene therapy. a modified wheat histone h4 protein, h4tl (h4-tat-lhrh), as a protein-based gene delivery vector that was able to form stable complexes with plasmid dna and increase gene delivery efficiency has been described previously. in this study, h4tl has been used to deliver apoptin gene into a human ovarian carcinoma cell line ho8910. after transfection, increased expression of apoptin at both mrna and prote ... | 2011 | 21355783 |
| improving the potency of dna vaccine against chicken anemia virus (cav) by fusing vp1 protein of cav to marek's disease virus (mdv) type-1 vp22 protein. | studies have shown that the vp22 gene of marek's disease virus type-1 (mdv-1) has the property of movement between cells from the original cell of expression into the neighboring cells. the ability to facilitate the spreading of the linked proteins was used to improve the potency of the constructed dna vaccines against chicken anemia virus (cav). | 2011 | 21401953 |
| discovery of a genome of a distant relative of chicken anemia virus reveals a new member of the genus gyrovirus. | a 2.4-kb phi29 polymerase amplification product from serum of a diseased chicken was cloned and sequenced. the 2383-nucleotide sequence showed about 40% identity to a representative genome of chicken anemia virus (cav), the only member of the genus gyrovirus, family circoviridae. the new genome had an organization similar to that of cav: a putative 5' untranscribed region of about 400 nt followed by three partially overlapping open reading frames encoding vp1, vp2 and vp3 homologs. the amino aci ... | 2011 | 21442232 |
| molecular epidemiology of chicken anemia virus in commercial farms in china. | chicken anemia virus (cav) is the causative agent of chicken infectious anemia (cia). a high prevalence of cav has been reported in china. however, vp1 sequences of chinese isolates show no clear genotype clustering or correlation with geographic origin. therefore, the present study aimed to detect and characterize cav isolates from china based on sequence and phylogenetic analysis of the vp1, vp2 and vp3 genes. | 2011 | 21447189 |
| apoptin sensitizes radiation-induced cell death via classic mitochondrial, caspase and p53-dependent signaling in hepg2 cells. | resistance or insensitivity to radiation therapy is one of the hallmarks of hepatocellular carcinoma. sensitizing radioresistant cancer by combining radiation with other therapeutics to induce apoptosis has been widely investigated. our previous study showed that chicken anaemia virus-derived apoptin protein induced the apoptosis of hepatic carcinoma hepg2 cells. in the present study, we demonstrated that apoptin sensitizes cells to radiation-induced apoptosis using a lentivirus-apoptin expressi ... | 2011 | 21461564 |
| application of high-resolution melting curve analysis for typing of fowl adenoviruses in field cases of inclusion body hepatitis. | fowl adenoviruses (fadvs) cause inclusion body hepatitis (ibh) in chickens. in this study, clinical cases of ibh from australian broiler flocks were screened for the presence and genotype of fadvs. | 2011 | 21495991 |
| immune complex vaccines for chicken infectious anemia virus. | infection of maternal, antibody-negative chickens with chicken infectious anemia virus (ciav) can cause clinical disease, while infection after maternal antibodies wane often results in subclinical infection and immunosuppression. currently, vaccines are not available for vaccination in ovo or in newly hatched chickens. development of ciav vaccines for in ovo use depends on the ability to generate vaccines that do not cause lesions in newly hatched chicks and that can induce an immune response r ... | 2011 | 21500642 |
| a critical role of heat shock cognate protein 70 in apoptin-induced phosphorylation of akt. | apoptin, a protein from chicken anemia virus, selectively induces apoptosis of transformed or tumor cells, but not in normal cells. however, the mechanism of action of apoptin is still not well understood. using yeast two-hybrid and immunoprecipitation approaches, we found that apoptin interacted with heat shock cognate protein 70 (hsc70). in vivo, apoptin induced the translocation of endogenous hsc70 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, and both were co-localized in the nucleus. in addition, apop ... | 2011 | 21565169 |
| identification of the first human gyrovirus, a virus related to chicken anemia virus. | we have identified in a skin swab sample from a healthy donor a new virus that we have named human gyrovirus (hgyv), because of its similarity with the chicken anemia virus (cav), the only previously known member of the gyrovirus genus. in particular, this virus encodes an homolog of the cav apoptin, a protein that selectively induces apoptosis in cancer cells. by pcr screening, hgyv was found in 5 of 115 other non-lesional skin specimens, but in none of 92 bronchoalveolar lavages or nasopharyng ... | 2011 | 21632766 |
| high yield expression in a recombinant e. coli of a codon optimized chicken anemia virus capsid protein vp1 useful for vaccine development. | abstract: background: chicken anemia virus (cav), the causative agent chicken anemia, is the only member of the genus gyrovirus of the circoviridae family. cav is an immune suppressive virus and causes anemia, lymph organ atrophy and immunodeficiency. the production and biochemical characterization of vp1 protein and its use in a subunit vaccine or as part of a diagnostic kit would be useful to cav infection prevention. results: significantly increased expression of the recombinant full-length v ... | 2011 | 21781331 |
| gallus heat shock cognate protein 70, a novel binding partner of apoptin. | chicken anemia virus (cav) infection of newly hatched chickens induces generalized lymphoid atrophy and causes immunosuppressive. vp3, also known as apoptin, is non-structural protein of cav. apoptin specifically induces apoptosis in transformed or tumor cells but not in normal cells. in particular, there are no known cellular homologues of apoptin hindering genetic approaches to elucidate its cellular function. although a number of apoptin-interacting molecules have been identified, the molecul ... | 2011 | 21707973 |
| effects of blood sample mishandling on elisa results for infectious bronchitis virus, avian encephalomyelitis virus and chicken anaemia virus. | this study determined the effect of sample mishandling on the performance of elisas for detection of antibodies against infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), avian encephalomyelitis virus (aev) and chicken anaemia virus (cav) in the serum of chickens. the effects of five different sample mishandling treatments were assessed: heat treatment, repetitive freezing and thawing and three levels of severity of haemolysis. these mishandling treatments simulated different conditions that might occur during ... | 2011 | 22015139 |
| variants of the recently discovered avian gyrovirus 2 are detected in southern brazil and the netherlands. | a genome of a virus preliminarily named avian gyrovirus 2 (agv2), a close relative to chicken anemia virus, was recently discovered in a chicken in the state of rio grande do sul, southern brazil. to study the occurrence of agv2 in rio grande do sul and the neighboring state santa catarina, a number of adult chickens (n=108 and n=48, respectively) were tested for the presence of agv2 dna. an agv2-specific pcr was developed, optimized and used to analyze dna extracted from clinical samples. agv2 ... | 2011 | 22018524 |
| apoptin enhances the oncolytic properties of newcastle disease virus. | objective: naturally occurring strains of newcastle disease virus (ndv) have demonstrated the potential to kill cancer cells in both preclinical and clinical studies. previous studies showed that apoptin, the vp3 protein of chicken infectious anemia virus, is a p53-independent, bcl-2-insensitive apoptotic protein with the ability to specifically induce apoptosis in transformed cells. in this study, we tested the hypothesis that apoptin enhances ndv-mediated tumor cell death. methods: reverse gen ... | 2011 | 21865658 |
| analysis of chicken anemia virus genome: evidence of intersubtype recombination. | chicken anemia virus (cav) is the causative agent of chicken infectious anemia. cav putative intergenotypic recombinants have been reported previously. this fact is based on the previous classification of cav sequences into three genotypes. however, it is unknown whether intersubtype recombination occurs between the recently reported four cav genotypes and five subtypes of genome sequences. | 2011 | 22073985 |
| rapid detection of marek's disease viral genome in chicken feathers by loop mediated isothermal amplification (lamp). | a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) method for the rapid detection of serotype 1 marek's disease virus (mdv) was developed. the method used a set of three pairs of primers to amplify the meq gene for detecting serotype 1 mdv. the mdv lamp method did not cross-react with serotype 2 and serotype 3, nor did the lamp primers have binding sites for the common avian dna viruses (reticuloendotheliosis virus, chicken anemia virus, subgroup j of the avian leucosis virus). additionally, the as ... | 2011 | 22170920 |
| Duplex PCR assay for the detection of avian adeno virus and chicken anemia virus prevalent in Pakistan. | Avian Adeno viruses and Chicken Anemia Viruses cause serious economic losses to the poultry industry of Pakistan each year. Timely and efficient diagnosis of the viruses is needed in order to practice prevention and control strategies. In the first part of this study, we investigated broilers, breeder and Layer stocks for morbidity and mortality rates due to AAV and CAV infections and any co-infections by examining signs and symptoms typical of their infestation or post mortem examination. In th ... | 2011 | 21923956 |
| Development and application of an in vitro apoptin kinase assay. | Apoptin, a protein derived from chicken anemia virus (CAV), induces apoptosis selectively in human tumor cells as compared with normal cells. This activity depends on phosphorylation and relocation of apoptin to the nucleus of cancer cells. Here, we describe an in vitro kinase assay that allows the biochemical characterization of apoptin kinase activity in tumor cells. The kinase phosphorylates apoptin in a strictly ATP-dependent fashion and in a broad salt range. The kinase activity is present ... | 2011 | 22080040 |
| dna damage response signaling triggers nuclear localization of the chicken anemia virus protein apoptin. | the chicken anemia virus (cav) protein apoptin is a small, 13.6-kda protein that has the intriguing activity of inducing g(2)/m arrest and apoptosis specifically in cancer cells by a mechanism that is independent of p53. the activity of apoptin is regulated at the level of localization. whereas apoptin is cytoplasmic in primary cells and does not affect cell growth, in transformed cells it localizes to the nucleus, where it induces apoptosis. the properties of cancer cells that are responsible f ... | 2011 | 21937663 |
| mechanisms of apoptin-induced cell death. | apoptin, a 13.6-kd protein encoded by chicken anemia virus, is paid more and more attention, since it selectively induces apoptosis in tumor cells while abolishes cytotoxic effect in normal cells. in addition, apoptin shows different localization in tumor cells and normal cells: it predominantly accumulates in nucleus of tumor cells, whereas in normal cells, it is detected mainly in cytoplasm. there are various mechanisms implicated in the program of apoptin-mediated cell death. up to now, the i ... | 2011 | 22105148 |
| inclusion body hepatitis caused by fowl adenovirus in broiler chickens in japan, 2009-2010. | from january 2009 to june 2010, many broiler chicks suddenly died without clinical signs. the mortality rates were from 1.2% to 17.0% in affected flocks. inclusion body hepatitis (ibh) was detected in 13 prefectures (northern, eastern, western, and southern areas) in japan. the livers were enlarged and pale. the bursa of fabricius and thymus had not atrophied. multifocal necroses of hepatocytes with basophilic intranuclear inclusions were seen in the liver. eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bo ... | 2011 | 22313000 |
| molecularly modified vp3 (30-121) induces apoptosis in human bladder cancer (ej) cells but not in normal (3t3) cells. | the chicken anaemia virus protein 3 (vp3 or apoptin) induces apoptosis specifically in tumour and transformed cells but not in normal cells. this selective apoptosis is ideal for therapeutic purposes. however, vp3, a heterologous protein, is immunogenic in vivo. such a drawback limits its clinical usage. to diminish its potential immunogenicity, we modified the sequence of vp3. the vp3 genes functional sequence starts at 33 aa (amino acids) from the n-terminal side, and the first protein structu ... | 2012 | 23075302 |
| apoptin induces apoptosis by changing the equilibrium between the stability of tap73 and δnp73 isoforms through ubiquitin ligase pir2. | apoptin, a protein derived from the chicken anaemia virus, induces cell death in various cancer cells but shows little or no cytotoxicity in normal cells. the mechanism of apoptin-induced cell death is currently unknown but it appears to induce apoptosis independent of p53 status. here we show that p73, a p53 family member, is important in apoptin-induced apoptosis. in p53 deficient and/or mutated cells, apoptin induced the expression of tap73 leading to the induction of apoptosis. knockdown of ... | 2012 | 22484480 |
| epidemiological investigation of outbreaks of fowl adenovirus infection in commercial chickens in korea. | in total, 39 clinical cases of fowl adenoviruses (fadv) infection in chickens (28 broiler, 7 native, and 4 layer chickens) between 2007 and 2010 in korea were investigated. the fadv types 4, 8b, and 11 comprised 18, 9, and 12 clinical cases, respectively. all fadv type 4 cases showed clinical hydropericardium (hps) lesions as well as inclusion body hepatitis (ibh), whereas all fadv types 8b and 11 cases exhibited ibh lesions without hps. all 3 types were detected in broiler (9-30 d old) and laye ... | 2012 | 22991534 |
| complete genome sequence analysis of a recent chicken anemia virus isolate and comparison with a chicken anemia virus isolate from human fecal samples in china. | a new isolate of chicken anemia virus (cav) was designated gd-1-12. gd-1-12 was isolated from a 12-day-old commercial broiler in guangdong province, china, in 2012. the gd-1-12 cav caused high mortality, severe anemia, thymic atrophy, and subcutaneous hemorrhage in commercial broilers. here, we report the complete genome sequence of gd-1-12 cav and comparison with the complete genome sequence of another cav that was isolated from human fecal samples in china (genbank accession no. jq690762). the ... | 2012 | 22966189 |
| epidemiology of chicken anemia virus in central african republic and cameroon. | although chicken anemia virus (cav) has been detected on all continents, little is known about this virus in sub-saharan africa. this study aimed to detect and characterize cav for the first time in central african republic and in cameroon. | 2012 | 22958546 |
| effects of chicken anaemia virus and infectious bursal disease virus-induced immunodeficiency on infectious bronchitis virus replication and genotypic drift. | we followed changes in a portion of the s1 gene sequence of the dominant populations of an infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) arkansas (ark) vaccine strain during serial passage in chickens infected with the immunosuppressive chicken anaemia virus (cav) and/or infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) as well as in immunocompetent chickens. the ibv-ark vaccine was applied ocularly and tears were collected from infected chickens for subsequent ocular inoculation in later passages. the experiment was ... | 2012 | 22897690 |
| characterization of a novel gyrovirus in human stool and chicken meat. | sequence-independent amplification of clinical specimens can lead to the identification of novel pathogens. | 2012 | 22824231 |
| systemic delivery of lentivirus-mediated secretable tat-apoptin eradicates hepatocellular carcinoma xenografts in nude mice. | apoptin, a chicken anemia virus-derived protein, has been shown to induce apoptosis in various human cancer cell lines, but not in normal cells, thus making it a candidate for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. to enable the efficient transduction of tumor cells with apoptin, we have developed a novel mammalian expression system for the secretion of apoptin in vitro. we have previously shown the efficient and tumor-specific killing of cells by adding a secretory signal peptide (sp) ... | 2012 | 22767069 |
| in vitro propagation of chicken anemia virus in chicken peripheral blood mononuclear cells. | chicken anemia virus; propagation; mononuclear cells; pcr. | 2012 | 22720709 |
| persistence of inclusions and antigens of chicken anemia virus in marek's disease lymphoma. | the pathogenesis of the co-infection of cav to mdv is complicated. in order to investigate the impact of cav on the transformation phase of md, mdv and, subsequently, cav, were inoculated at 1day and 4weeks of age, respectively. chickens were divided into six groups; vvmdv, vvmdv-cav, vmdv, vmdv-cav, cav and a control group. the cav inclusions and antigens were continuously detected in md lymphomas in the vmdv-cav and vvmdv-cav groups in large bizarre-shape (presumably cd4+ t cells) and small md ... | 2012 | 22683388 |
| efficient production of an engineered apoptin from chicken anemia virus in a recombinant e. coli for tumor therapeutic applications. | apoptin, a nonstructural protein encoded by the vp3 gene of chicken anemia virus (cav), has been shown to not only induce apoptosis when introduced into the precursors of chicken thymocytes, but has been found to specifically kill human cancer cells, tumor cell and transformed cells without affecting the proliferation of normal cells. this tumor-specific apoptotic characteristic of the protein potentially may allow the development of a protein drug that has applications in tumor therapy. however ... | 2012 | 22672291 |
| evaluation of the analytical sensitivity of a polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of chicken infectious anemia virus in avian vaccines. | chicken infectious anemia virus (cav) is a ubiquitous pathogen of chickens causing significant disease in commercial flocks worldwide. during cav outbreaks, the center for veterinary biologics requires manufacturers of veterinary biologicals to test materials derived from infected flocks for extraneous cav by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). the analytical sensitivity of a pcr assay for detection of cav was determined and the applicability of a cav dna standard as a positive control for assay va ... | 2012 | 22595681 |
| human gyrovirus apoptin shows a similar subcellular distribution pattern and apoptosis induction as the chicken anaemia virus derived vp3/apoptin. | the chicken anaemia virus-derived protein apoptin/vp3 (cav-apoptin) has the important ability to induce tumour-selective apoptosis in a variety of human cancer cells. recently the first human gyrovirus (hgyv) was isolated from a human skin swab. it shows significant structural and organisational resemblance to cav and encodes a homologue of cav-apoptin/vp3. using overlapping primers we constructed a synthetic human gyrovirus apoptin (hgyv-apoptin) fused to green fluorescent protein in order to c ... | 2012 | 22495351 |
| development and characterization of a potential diagnostic monoclonal antibody against capsid protein vp1 of the chicken anemia virus. | chicken anemia virus (cav) is an important viral pathogen that causes anemia and severe immunodeficiency syndrome in chickens worldwide. in this study, a potential diagnostic monoclonal antibody against the cav vp1 protein was developed which can precisely recognize the cav antigen for diagnostic and virus recovery purposes. the vp1 gene of cav encoding the n-terminus-deleted vp1 protein, vp1nd129, was cloned into an escherichia (e.) coli expression vector. after isopropyl-β-d-thiogalactopyronos ... | 2012 | 22437539 |
| a third gyrovirus species in human faeces. | until 2011 the genus gyrovirus in the family circoviridae consisted of a single virus (chicken anemia virus or cav) causing a common immunosuppressive disease in chickens when a second gyrovirus (hgyv) was reported on the skin of 4 % of healthy humans. hgyv is very closely related to a recently described chicken gyrovirus, agv2, suggesting that they belong to the same viral species. during a viral metagenomic analysis of 100 human faeces from children with diarrhoea in chile we identified multip ... | 2012 | 22422066 |
| identification of the nls and nes motifs of vp2 from chicken anemia virus and the interaction of vp2 with mini-chromosome maintenance protein 3. | vp2 of chicken anemia virus (cav) is a dual-specificity phosphatase required for virus infection, assembly and replication. the functions of the nuclear localization signal (nls) and nuclear export signal (nes) of vp2 in the cell, however, are poorly understood. our study identified the presence of a nls in vp2 and showed that the protein interacted significantly with mini-chromosome maintenance protein 3 (mcm3) in the cell. | 2012 | 22309683 |
| pathological and immunohistochemical studies of subclinical infection of chicken anemia virus in 4-week-old chickens. | subclinical infection of chicken anemia virus (cav) at 4 to 6 weeks of age, after maternal antibodies have waned, is implicated in several field problems in broiler flocks. in order to understand the pathogenesis of subclinical infection with cav, an immunopathological study of cav-inoculated 4-week-old spf chickens was performed. sixty 4-week-old spf chickens were equally divided into cav and control groups. the cav group was inoculated intramuscularly with the msb1-tk5803 strain of cav. neithe ... | 2012 | 22293470 |
| phylogenetic and molecular characterization of chicken anemia virus in southern china from 2011 to 2012. | chicken anemia virus (cav) is an important pathogen that causes severe immunosuppression in young chickens. we have characterized 13 cavs isolated from different commercial farms in southern china between 2011 and 2012. we discovered 92 variable residues compared to 37 other cav complete genome sequences from other parts of the world listed in genbank; these residues have not been previously observed. all of the chinese cav genomes that were characterized in this study had a glutamine at positio ... | 2013 | 24343380 |
| λ phage nanobioparticle expressing apoptin efficiently suppress human breast carcinoma tumor growth in vivo. | using phages is a novel field of cancer therapy and phage nanobioparticles (nbps) such as λ phage could be modified to deliver and express genetic cassettes into eukaryotic cells safely in contrast with animal viruses. apoptin, a protein from chicken anemia virus (cav) has the ability to specifically induce apoptosis only in carcinoma cells. we presented a safe method of breast tumor therapy via the apoptin expressing λ nbps. here, we constructed a λ zap-cmv-apoptin recombinant nbp and investiga ... | 2013 | 24278212 |
| selective apoptosis induction in mcf-7 cell line by truncated minimal functional region of apoptin. | chicken anemia virus (cav) vp3 protein (also known as apoptin), a basic and proline-rich protein has a unique capability in inducing apoptosis in cancer cells but not in normal cells. five truncated apoptin proteins were analyzed to determine their selective ability to migrate into the nucleus of human breast adenocarcinoma mcf-7 cells for inducing apoptosis. | 2013 | 24144306 |
| divergent gyroviruses in the feces of tunisian children. | the gyrovirus genus consists of the immunosuppressive chicken anemia virus (cav) prototype and since 2011 three other viral species found in sera/tissues of chickens, human feces, and on human skin. here the genomes of two other gyrovirus species were characterized in diarrhea samples from tunisian children whose main orfs shared amino acid identity of 46-59% with those of the previously characterized gyroviruses and were provisionally named gyv5 and gyv6. all currently known gyroviruses grouped ... | 2013 | 24074598 |
| phylogenetic analysis and genetic characterization of chicken anemia virus isolates from cambodia. | three chicken anemia viruses (cav) were detected by pcr during screening of field samples from village chickens collected in cambodia in 2011/2012. nearly full-length vp1 viral structural protein genes (nt 1-1,293) from the 3 cav were sequenced and characterized. phylogenetic analysis revealed that all 3 of the cambodian cav were clustered with cav strains belonging to genotype ii and were most closely related to cav strains from guangdong province, china. on the amino acid level, major substitu ... | 2013 | 24046415 |
| detection of infectious laryngotracheitis virus by real-time pcr in naturally and experimentally infected chickens. | infectious laryngotracheitis (ilt) is an acute, highly contagious upper-respiratory infectious disease of chickens. in this study, a real-time pcr method was developed for fast and accurate detection and quantitation of iltv dna of chickens experimentally infected with iltv strain ljs09 and naturally infected chickens. the detection lower limit of the assay was 10 copies of dna. there were no cross reactions with the dna and rna of infectious bursal disease virus, chicken anemia virus, reticuloe ... | 2013 | 23840745 |
| decay of maternal antibodies in broiler chickens. | the objective of this study was to determine the decay rate of maternal antibodies against major broiler chicken pathogens. a total of 30 one-day-old broiler chicks were obtained from a commercial hatchery and reared in isolation. these chicks were retrieved from a parent flock that received a routine vaccination program. chicks were bled at hatch and sequentially thereafter every 5 d through 30 d of age. maternal antibody titers were measured by elisa for avian encephalomyelitis (aev), avian in ... | 2013 | 23960115 |
| interactions of plasmodium juxtanucleare and chicken anaemia virus: establishing a model. | the pathogens plasmodium juxtanucleare and chicken anaemia virus (cav) are easily transmitted and potentially harmful to chickens. in this study, we established an experimental model to investigate the effects of avian malaria caused by p. juxtanucleare in white leghorn specific-pathogen-free (spf) chicks previously immunosuppressed with cav. parasitaemia, haematological variables and clinical and pathological parameters were determined in four different experimental groups: chicks coinfected by ... | 2013 | 23953391 |
| expression and characterization of highly antigenic domains of chicken anemia virus viral vp2 and vp3 subunit proteins in a recombinant e. coli for sero-diagnostic applications. | chicken anemia virus (cav) is an important viral pathogen that causes anemia and severe immunodeficiency syndrome in chickens worldwide. generally, cav infection occurs via vertical transmission in young chicks that are less than two weeks old, which are very susceptible to the disease. therefore, epidemiological investigations of cav infection and/or the evaluation of the immunization status of chickens is necessary for disease control. up to the present, systematically assessing viral protein ... | 2013 | 23937712 |
| the efficacy of combination therapy using adeno-associated virus-mediated co-expression of apoptin and interleukin-24 on hepatocellular carcinoma. | multigene-based combination therapy is an effective practice in cancer gene therapy. apoptin is a chicken anemia virus-derived, p53-independent, bcl-2-insensitive apoptotic protein with the ability to specifically induce apoptosis in various human tumor cells. interleukin-24 (il-24) displays ubiquitous antitumor property and tumor-specific killing activity. adeno-associated virus (aav) is a promising gene delivery vehicle due to its advantage of low pathogenicity and long-term gene expression. i ... | 2013 | 23907578 |
| quantitation of marek's disease and chicken anemia viruses in organs of experimentally infected chickens and commercial chickens by multiplex real-time pcr. | the worldwide distribution of chicken anemia virus (cav) and marek's disease virus (mdv) is well documented. in addition to their economic significance in single- or dual-virus infections, the two viruses can often accompany various other pathogens and affect poultry health either directly, by causing tumors, anemia, and delayed growth, or indirectly, by aggravating other diseases, as a result of their immunosuppressive effects. after a decade of employing the molecular diagnosis of those viruse ... | 2013 | 23901772 |
| human gyrovirus in healthy blood donors, france. | 2013 | 23735883 | |
| the chicken th1 response: potential therapeutic applications of chifn-γ. | the outcomes of viral infections are costly in terms of human and animal health and welfare worldwide. the observed increase in the virulence of some viruses and failure of many vaccines to stop these infections has lead to the apparent need to develop new anti-viral strategies. one approach to dealing with viral infection may be to employ the therapeutic administration of recombinant cytokines to act as 'immune boosters' to assist in augmenting the host response to virus. with this in mind, a g ... | 2013 | 23707786 |
| molecular characterization of contaminating infectious anemia virus of chickens in live commercial vaccines produced in the 1990s. | the presence of infectious chicken anemia virus (cav) was detected in a previous study by nested-pcr as a contaminant in seven commercial vaccines, produced in the 1990s by three different manufacturers, prepared against the most relevant virus etiologies. in order to phylogenetically characterize the genome and compare it to cav isolates from brazil and other parts of the world, sequences of approximately 675 bp of the gene encoding the hypervariable region of vp1 protein of three cav vaccine c ... | 2013 | 23678724 |
| the role of cdk1 in apoptin-induced apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. | apoptin, a small protein derived from the chicken anemia virus, specifically induces apoptosis in transformed cells or tumor cells but not in normal cells. thus, apoptin is involved in a general, tumor-specific pathway. apoptin-induced apoptosis presumably requires additional interaction partners that activate specific signaling pathways in cancer cells. a number of molecules interact with apoptin and play an important role in the nuclear localization of apoptin or its tumor-selective cytotoxici ... | 2013 | 23619525 |
| hspa9 overexpression inhibits apoptin-induced apoptosis in the hepg2 cell line. | apoptin, a small protein derived from chicken anemia virus, possesses the capacity to specifically kill tumor cells while leaving normal cells intact. previous studies have indicated that the subcellular localization of apoptin appears to be crucial for this tumor-selective activity. apoptin resides in the cytoplasm of normal cells; however, in cancer cells it translocates into the nucleus. in the present study, purified prokaryotic native his-apoptin served as a bait for capturing apoptin-assoc ... | 2013 | 23589050 |
| molecular characterization of the chicken anaemia viruses isolated from broiler farms of west azerbaijan, iran. | chicken anaemia virus (cav) is an economically important pathogen of chickens with worldwide distribution. cav is the causative agent of chicken anaemia disease, causing severe anaemia, lymphoid atrophy and immunosuppression in young birds. in the present study, the genetic variation of circulating cavs in west azerbaijan broiler farms was investigated and compared with cavs from other countries. extracted viral dna from livers of chickens positive for cav (46 out of 100) was used and a fragment ... | 2013 | 23581437 |
| apoptin induces apoptosis in nude mice allograft model of human bladder cancer by altering multiple bladder tumor-associated gene expression profiles. | bladder cancer (bc) is one of the most common human malignancies that account for major death in the world. apoptin that is derived from chicken anemia virus (cav) has displayed tumor-specific cytotoxic activity in a variety of human carcinomas. however, the magical function of apoptin in bladder carcinoma cell lines has not been identified yet. in our study, we delivered apoptin into bladder-originating t24, ej, and hcv29 cell lines by adenovirus system. the selective cytotoxic effect of apopti ... | 2013 | 23430583 |
| mitotic catastrophe triggered in human cancer cells by the viral protein apoptin. | mitotic catastrophe is an oncosuppressive mechanism that senses mitotic failure leading to cell death or senescence. as such, it protects against aneuploidy and genetic instability, and its induction in cancer cells by exogenous agents is currently seen as a promising therapeutic end point. apoptin, a small protein from chicken anemia virus (cav), is known for its ability to selectively induce cell death in human tumor cells. here, we show that apoptin triggers p53-independent abnormal spindle f ... | 2013 | 23392175 |
| development of a chick bioassay for determination of infectivity of viral pathogens in poultry litter. | to develop a chicken bioassay to detect infective viral pathogens in poultry litter and to determine the effects of type of chicken and age of exposure, as well as the effect of simulated litter transportation, on the level of viral infectivity detected. | 2013 | 23356376 |
| potent growth-inhibitory effect of a dual cancer-specific oncolytic adenovirus expressing apoptin on prostate carcinoma. | apoptin is a chicken anemia virus-derived, p53-independent, bcl-2-insensitive apoptotic protein with the ability to specifically induce apoptosis in various human tumor cells, but not in normal cells. to explore the use of apoptin in tumor gene therapy, we assessed a recombinant adenovirus expressing the apoptin protein (ad-htertp-e1a-apoptin) in order to determine its lethal and growth-inhibitory effects on pc-3 and rm-1 cells in vitro and its antitumor effect on solid tumors in vivo. 3-[4,5-di ... | 2013 | 23338489 |
| detection of torque teno virus (ttv) in domestic village chickens in iran. | torque teno virus (ttv) is prevalent worldwide and has been extensively studied in human and some wild and domestic animals. as the studies on ttv in chickens was rare and there was no information about the infection of domestic village chickens with ttv and also structural resemblance of this virus to chicken anemia virus, the frequency of the infection in domestic village chickens in different villages in isfahan (iran) was investigated. sera were collected from 50 chickens. viral dna was extr ... | 2013 | 25593687 |
| apoptin selectively induces the apoptosis of tumor cells by suppressing the transcription of hsp70. | apoptin is a nonstructural viral protein encoded by vp3 gene of chicken anemia virus, which could specially induce apoptosis of tumor cells. however, the mechanism of apoptin-induced apoptosis in tumor cells without any side effects in normal cells has not yet been well characterized. this study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the selective antitumor effects of apoptin. hepg2 cells were treated with apoptin or transfected with apoptin expression vector. heat shock protein ... | 2013 | 23179398 |
| molecular characterization of chicken anemia virus circulating in chicken flocks in egypt. | introduction. although many previous studies reported detection of chicken anemia virus (cav) in egypt since 1990, genomic characterization of this circulating cav has not been published. in the present study, four nucleotide sequences of detected cav were genetically characterized. methods. these nucleotide sequences were obtained from commercial chicken flocks in two different locations of egypt during 2010. the target region for sequencing was 675 bp nucleotide of partial coding region of vp1 ... | 2014 | 25302064 |
| comparative histopathological and immunological study of two field strains of chicken anemia virus. | infection of poultry with chicken anemia virus (cav) is implicated in several field problems in broiler flocks due to the immunosuppression generated and, consequently, the increased susceptibility to secondary infections. recently, we have reported an increased occurrence of clinical cases caused by cav strains distantly related to those commonly used for vaccination. in order to understand the behavior of two argentinean cav strains (cav-10 and cav-18) in two-week-old chickens, an immune and h ... | 2014 | 25294222 |
| human-gyrovirus-apoptin triggers mitochondrial death pathway--nur77 is required for apoptosis triggering. | the human gyrovirus derived protein apoptin (hgv-apoptin) a homologue of the chicken anemia virus apoptin (cav-apoptin), a protein with high cancer cells selective toxicity, triggers apoptosis selectively in cancer cells. in this paper, we show that hgv-apoptin acts independently from the death receptor pathway as it induces apoptosis in similar rates in jurkat cells deficient in either fadd (fas-associated death domain) function or caspase-8 (key players of the extrinsic pathway) and their pare ... | 2014 | 25246270 |
| what is for dinner? viral metagenomics of us store bought beef, pork, and chicken. | we describe here the metagenomics-derived viral sequences detected in beef, pork, and chicken purchased from stores in san francisco. in beef we detected four previously reported viruses (two parvoviruses belonging to different genera, an anellovirus, and one circovirus-like virus) and one novel bovine polyomavirus species (bpyv2-sf) whose closest relatives infect primates. detection of porcine hokovirus in beef indicated that this parvovirus can infect both ungulate species. in pork we detected ... | 2014 | 25217712 |
| apoptins: selective anticancer agents. | therapies that selectively target cancer cells for death have been the center of intense research recently. one potential therapy may involve apoptin proteins, which are able to induce apoptosis in cancer cells leaving normal cells unharmed. apoptin was originally discovered in the chicken anemia virus (cav); however, human gyroviruses (hgyv) have recently been found that also harbor apoptin-like proteins. although the cancer cell specific activity of these apoptins appears to be well conserved, ... | 2014 | 25164066 |
| apoptin towards safe and efficient anticancer therapies. | the chicken anemia virus derived protein apoptin harbors cancer-selective cell killing characteristics, essentially based on phosphorylation-mediated nuclear transfer in cancer cells and efficient cytoplasmic degradation in normal cells. here, we describe a growing set of preclinical experiments underlying the promises of the anti-cancer potential of apoptin. various non-replicative oncolytic viral vector systems have revealed the safety and efficacy of apoptin. in addition, apoptin enhanced the ... | 2014 | 25001531 |
| novel gyroviruses, including chicken anaemia virus, in clinical and chicken samples from south africa. | introduction. chicken anaemia virus, cav, was until recently the only member of the gyrovirus genus. 6 novel gyroviruses, agv2, hgyv1, and gyv3-6, have since been discovered in human and chicken samples. methods. pcr amplification of the vp2 gene was used to detect agv2/hgyv1, gyv3, and cav in a range of clinical samples including stool, respiratory, csf, and hiv-positive plasma. screening of fresh local chicken meat was also performed. results. agv2/hgyv1 or gyv3 was detected in stools from hea ... | 2014 | 24876841 |
| identification of a chicken anemia virus variant-related gyrovirus in stray cats in china, 2012. | the chicken anemia virus (cav), is a known member of the genus gyrovirus and was first isolated from chickens in japan in 1979. some reports have also demonstrated that cav can be identified in human stool specimens. in this study, a variant of cav was detected using pcr with cav-based primers in fecal samples of stray cats. the genome of cav variant was sequenced and the results suggest that it could be a recombinant viral strain from parental cav strains jq690762 and af311900. recombination is ... | 2014 | 24689034 |
| potentiation of apoptin-induced apoptosis by cecropin b-like antibacterial peptide abps1 in human hela cervical cancer cell lines is associated with membrane pore formation and caspase-3 activation. | apoptin, a chicken anemia virus-encoded protein, induces apoptosis in chicken or human tumor cells, localizing in their nuclei as opposed to the cytoplasm of non-transformed cells. the present study was undertaken to investigate whether abps1 could potentiate apoptininduced apoptosis in hela cells. abps1 and the apoptin genes were successfully cloned into pires2-egfp expression vector and expressed in hela cells. we report that abps1 augments apoptin cell growth inhibition in a concentration- an ... | 2014 | 24633228 |
| full-genome sequence of chicken anemia virus strain gxc060821, isolated from a guangxi sanhuang chicken. | we report here the complete genomic sequence of a novel chicken anemia virus strain gxc060821, isolated from a sanhuang chicken in guangxi province of southern china. the complete genome of gxc060821 was sequenced. the full-length of gxc060821 is 2,292 bp and contains three overlapping open reading frames (orfs). a comparison of the complete sequences and the deduced amino acid sequences of gxc060821 with 31 other published chicken anemia virus sequences showed that the homologies of the nucleot ... | 2014 | 24558234 |
| [apoptin enhances the oncolytic activity of vaccinia virus]. | chicken anemia virus gene encoding apoptin, a selective killer of cancer cells was synthesized and inserted into vaccinia virus (strain l-ivp) genome. the insertion has replaced major part of the viral c11r gene encoding viral growth factor (vgf), which is important for the virulence. the recombinant virus vvdgf-apos24/2 was obtained through the transient dominant selection technique with the use of puromycin resistance gene as the selective marker. the expression apoptin gene from a synthetic e ... | 2014 | 25509357 |
| chicken anemia virus and avian gyrovirus 2 as contaminants in poultry vaccines. | this study focuses on the detection of chicken anemia virus (cav) and avian gyrovirus 2 (agv2) genomes in commercially available poultry vaccines. a duplex quantitative real-time pcr (dqpcr), capable of identifying genomes of both viruses in a single assay, was employed to determine the viral loads of these agents in commercially available vaccines. thirty five vaccines from eight manufacturers (32 prepared with live and 3 with inactivated microorganisms) were examined. genomes of cav were detec ... | 2014 | 25439092 |
| experimental pathological studies of an indian chicken anaemia virus isolate and its detection by pcr and fat. | chicken infectious anaemia virus (ciav) is one of the potent immunosuppressive and economically important agents affecting poultry industry worldwide. recent reports indicate the emergence of this virus in the poultry flocks of the country. the present study aimed to investigate the pathogenic potential of a recent isolate of ciav obtained from poultry flock of uttaranchal state, india. twenty first day-old age specific pathogen free (spf) chicks were inoculated intramuscularly with 10(4.5) medi ... | 2014 | 26035953 |