Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| a virus in beechey ground squirrels that is related to hepatitis b virus of humans. | a virus given the name ground squirrel hepatitis virus (or gshv), with many of the unique characteristics of human hepatitis b virus (hbv), has been found in beechey ground squirrels in northern california. common features include virus morphology, viral dna size and structure, a virion dna polymerase that repairs a single-stranded region in the viral dna, crossreacting viral antigens, and persistent infection with viral antigen continuously in the blood. although similar, gshv and hbv are not i ... | 1980 | 6930677 |
| chronic liver disease in transfusion-dependent thalassaemia: hepatitis b virus marker studies. | the systematic screening of 253 children with transfusion-dependent homozygous beta-thalassaemia revealed a high incidence of hepatitis b virus markers. the highest frequencies of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and antibody to hepatitis b core antigen (anti-hbc) were found in the group of patients with the smallest number of transfusions, while the highest frequency of antibody to hepatitis b surface antigen (anti-hbs) was detected in the patients who had had the largest number of transfusi ... | 1980 | 7430360 |
| [prevalence of surface antigens (hbsag), surface antibody (hbsab) and anticore antibody (hbcab) in hospital personnel and patients with and without hepatic pathology]. | we studied hepatitis b virus surface antigen (hbsag), surface antibody (hbsab) and "core" antibody (hbcab) prevalence in 166 among hospital personell and patients with and without liver disease. results show there is a very high prevalence of hepatitis b virus markers in such populations and the presence of hbcab in absence of the other markers varies from 6% in "high risk" subjects to 30.3% in cirrhotic patients. we conclude that hbcab seems to be, at moment, the most sensitive serological mark ... | 1980 | 7432690 |
| [hepatitis research in the last decade]. | 1980 | 7445172 | |
| testing for viral hepatitis. | advances made within the past decade in the delineation of the structural components of the hepatitis b virus (hbv), including the hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and the hepatitis b core antigen (hbc), have resulted in the recent commercial availability of new methods of serologic testing. these tests, which include the core antigen antibody (anti-hbc) and the surface antibody (anti-hbs), facilitate the diagnosis and management of this illness by primary care physicians. in addition, a sero ... | 1980 | 7452164 |
| structural relationships between the surface antigens of ground squirrel hepatitis virus and human hepatitis b virus. | several physical, chemical, and serological properties of surface antigen particles from ground squirrel hepatitis virus (gshsag) and human hepatitis b virus (hbsag) were compared. gshsag and hbsag particles were purified from positive sera by gel chromatography and isopycnic centrifugation. both antigens consisted mainly of spherical particles with an average diameter of approximately 20 nm and a buoyant density in cscl of approximately 1.19 g/ml. their uv absorption spectra indicated the prese ... | 1980 | 7463556 |
| virus of pekin ducks with structural and biological relatedness to human hepatitis b virus. | a virus found in the sera of pekin ducks appears to be a new member of the human hepatitis b-like family of viruses. this virus had a diameter of 40 nm and an appearance in the electron microscope similar to that of human hepatitis b virus. the dna genome of the virus was circular and partially single stranded, and an endogenous dna polymerase associated with the virus was capable of converting the genome to a double-stranded circle with a size of ca. 3,000 base pairs. an analysis for viral dna ... | 1980 | 7463557 |
| experimental transmission of hepatitis b virus by semen and saliva. | the ability of human semen and saliva to transmit hepatitis b virus (hbv) by parenteral and nonparenteral routes was studied. semen, donated by a hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag)- and hepatitis b e antigen (hbeag)-positive carrier, was administered to one gibbon by subcutaneous inoculation and to another by intravaginal instillation. both developed hbsag, followed by the development of antibody to hbsag (anti-hbs) and antibody to hepatitis b core antigen (anti-hbc). saliva from two donors who ... | 1980 | 7400629 |
| human viral hepatitis. | 1980 | 6996001 | |
| an epidemic of acute viral hepatitis in male homosexuals. etiology and clinical characteristics. | among 130 male patients admitted during a 30-month period with acute hepatitis in the copenhagen clinic for infectious diseases, 31 were homosexuals. hepatitis b virus occurred in an endemic fashion in the homosexual subpopulation while hepatitis a infection caused a small epidemic among homosexuals during the winter 1977-78. the course of these infections showed no serological or clinical differences from the findings in 38 heterosexual male patients seen during the same period. | 1980 | 7006056 |
| protein kinase activity in hepatitis b virus. | protein kinase activity was found in hepatitis b virions (dane particles) purified from the plasma of hepatitis b virus-infected patients, in virion cores, and in hepatitis b core antigen particles purified from hepatitis b virus-infected hepatic tissue and was not found in purified hepatitis b surface antigen particle preparations free of dane particles. only a fraction of the major polypeptide (apparent size, 19,700 daltons) in dane particle cores and hepatitis b core antigen particles from in ... | 1980 | 7373711 |
| serologic studies of hepatitis viruses for their aetiologic role in chronic liver disease. | serum samples from 130 patients with chronic (persistent or active) hepatitis, including cirrhosis, and 70 patients with chronic alcoholic disease, all confirmed by biopsy, were examined by counter electrophoresis (cep) for hbsag. the patients were residents in the south-transdanubian region of hungary. of the former 25%, of the latter 3%, proved positive. in 138 of the cases, 4 different tests were performed, viz. cep, complement fixation, reverse passive haemagglutination (rph) and radioimmuno ... | 1980 | 7457011 |
| [chronic hepatitis]. | the term "chronic hepatitis" includes diseases of different etiology, i.e. viral (hepatitis b virus, non-a/non-b hepatitis virus[es]), drug-induced (e.g. oxyphenisatin, alpha-methyldopa), metabolic (wilson's disease, alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency) and so-called "autoimmune" hepatitis. in the clinical course, hepatitis running for up to 3 months is considered acute; when lasting for 3-6 months it is termed prolonged, and chronic hepatitis means a duration of more than 6 months by definition. in ... | 1980 | 7423173 |
| prevention and control of infections in specialized areas--viral hepatitis. | 1980 | 10249314 | |
| specificities of albumin receptors and albumin antibodies. | receptor sites for polymerized human serum albumin (phsa) on the envelope of hepatitis b virus (hepatitis b surface antigen) and antibodies to phsa in sera of patients with liver disease were differentiated by an indirect fluorescent antibody method. analysis of the specificities of phsa receptors and antibodies to phsa by hemagglutination inhibition suggested that phsa receptors reacted with a species-specific site on phsa, whereas "autoantibodies" to phsa cross-reacted with phsa from different ... | 1981 | 7251167 |
| [prevention of viral hepatitis. vaccination against hepatitis b virus]. | 1981 | 7323638 | |
| localization and nucleotide sequence of the gene coding for the woodchuck hepatitis virus surface antigen: comparison with the gene coding for the human hepatitis b virus surface antigen. | nucleotide sequence analysis was performed with the maxam--gilbert method on a cloned woodchuck hepatitis virus dna (eco whv dna). the structural gene coding for the envelope protein of the virus was localized on the viral genome in the partially single-stranded region between map positions 91.2 and 71. this gene is composed of 669 nucleotides and can code for a polypeptide of 25,645 daltons. the dna sequence and the deduced amino acid sequence were compared with those of the corresponding gene ... | 1981 | 6946471 |
| [electron microscopic study of the sera of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbs ag) subjects (author's transl)]. | electron microscopic observation of sera from 59 subjects(hbs ag-negative controls, hbs ag-positive asymptomatic blood donors, and hbs ag-positive patients with acute viral hepatitis, chronic persistant or active hepatitis and alcohol-induced liver damage) was capable of specifying the morphology of the hb virus (spherical particles, rod-shaped particles and dane particles) and of correlating the aspect of the observed viral material with the nature and evolution of the liver damage. the viral p ... | 1981 | 7017557 |
| animal model of human disease. chimpanzee carriers of hepatitis b virus. chimpanzee hepatitis b carriers. | 1981 | 7315950 | |
| three recently described animal virus models for human hepatitis b virus. | 1981 | 7286898 | |
| acute hepatic cell necrosis experimentally produced by viral agents in rabbits. | acute and extensive hepatic cell necrosis was produced experimentally in rabbits by means of the shwartzman mechanism using adeno- and hepatitis b viruses. the change that occurred in the liver was quite severe, namely, areas of hemorrhagic necrosis of various sizes in gross appearance and lytic-coagulative necrosis with hemorrhage and leukocyte-mononuclear cell infiltration histologically. thrombi formation was noted in and around the necrotic areas, and it was not unusual to see necrosis of an ... | 1981 | 7223861 |
| progress in tropical hepatology; (annotation-part i). viral hepatitis. | 1981 | 7345076 | |
| nondetection of infectious hepatitis b virus in a human hepatoma cell line producing hepatitis b surface antigen. | the plc/prf/5 human hepatoma cell line producing hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) was studied to determine whether infectious hepatitis b virus (hbv) was also being produced. 2 chimpanzees with no previous exposure to hbv and no serologic markers of past or active hbv infection were inoculated intravenously with 50 ml of either tissue culture supernatant fluid (357 ng/ml hbsag) or a suspension of cells disrupted by repeated freeze-thaw cycles (57 ng/ml hbsag). no evidence of hbv infection was ... | 1981 | 7298300 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of immunoglobulin m antibody to hepatitis b core antigen. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of specific immunoglobulin m (igm) antibodies against the core antigen of the hepatitis b virus (anti-hbc igm) is described. the interference of igm rheumatoid factor was evaluated quantitatively. in the anti-hbc igm test, the rheumatoid factor gave false-positive results when the concentration exceeded 20 iu/ml. the rheumatoid-positive sera were disclosed by a control and retested for anti-hbc igm after absorption of rheumatoid factor with late ... | 1981 | 7240384 |
| woodchuck hepatitis virus in natural woodchuck populations. | woodchuck hepatitis virus (whv) was discovered in serum samples from captive woodchucks (marmota monax) at the penrose research laboratory in december, 1977. whv belongs to the same class of viruses as hepatitis b virus (hbv), the cause of serum hepatitis in man. both appear to be associated with chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma in their respective hosts. woodchucks were trapped and blood samples collected to determine the prevalence of whv in natural woodchuck populations. sera fr ... | 1981 | 7241716 |
| hepatitis-b virus-associated deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase: a partial characterization by the use of chemical agents. | the very limited coding capacity of the hbv-dna led us to study the nature of the hbv (dane particle) -- associated dna polymerase. the hbv-associated dna polymerase met in many respects the characteristics of the repair enzyme of the host: the dna polymerase beta. it operates under high salt conditions, and exhibits similar salt effects with nacl, kcl, and po4(3-). it is insensitive to sulfhydryl group blockers, such as p-hydroxymercuribenzoate and n-ethylmaleimide, is resistant to phosphonoace ... | 1981 | 7253543 |
| [tumor viruses of nonhuman primates (author's transl)]. | tumor viruses which in the past few years have been increasingly isolated from tissues of nonhuman primates are of considerable interest for contemporary investigations on putative human tumor viruses. this review covers the presently known isolates belonging to the families of papova, adeno, (gamma) herpes, pox, and retro viruses and originating from new world and old world monkeys as well as from apes. some of the isolates exhibit oncogenic activity in different simian species and are, therefo ... | 1981 | 7271433 |
| factors relating to transmission of viral hepatitis in a united states military population stationed in thailand. | to determine the incidence of clinical and inapparent hepatitis in a us military population stationed in thailand, the authors prospectively studied a cohort of 326 men during one year. clinical hepatitis a occurred in one man (clinical attack rate = 3.1/1000 men/year), and clinical hepatitis b was found in four men (clinical attack rate = 12.3/1000 men/year). no non-a, non-b hepatitis was identified. there was no serologically identified inapparent hepatitis a but inapparent hepatitis b occurre ... | 1981 | 7223733 |
| viruses similar to hepatitis b virus (icrons). | in 1971, on the basis of the unusual clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of hepatitis b virus, we postulated the existence of a class of viruses that we termed icrons. an increased understanding of the molecular biology of hepatitis b virus resulted in the discovery, by summers and his colleagues, of the woodchuck hepatitis virus. this virus is common in the north american woodchuck (marmota monax) and is associated with primary cancer of the liver in this animal. subsequently similar vir ... | 1981 | 7333575 |
| [simultaneous inoculation of hepatitis b virus and non-a non-b agents on a chimpanzee: histopathology in relation to electron microscopic and immunologic findings]. | 1981 | 6812305 | |
| distribution of hla class 1 antigens in normal human tissue and in mammary cancer. | with a monoclonal antibody which reacts with all hla class 1 antigens it was found that these antigens are not uniformly distributed in all nucleated cells. rather hla class 1 antigens are restricted in their distribution to lymphoid cells, endothelial cells of small vessels, and certain epithelia including mammary duct cells. these antigens were not detected on hepatocytes, specialised cells of the central nervous system, or on the tumour cells of 8 out of 17 human mammary cancers. given the hy ... | 1981 | 7021603 |
| detection by immunofluorescence of an antigen-antibody system in patients with acute and chronic non-a, non-b hepatitis. | an antigen-antibody system has been identified by immunofluorescence in patients with non-a, non-b hepatitis. the non-a, non-b antigen was localized in the hepatocyte nuclei of liver biopsies from patients with acute post-transfusion or sporadic non-a, non-b hepatitis and in those from patients with chronic post-transfusion non-a, non-b hepatitis, the percentage of positive cells being most prominent in patients receiving immunosuppressive treatment. absence of the antigen in normal livers and i ... | 1981 | 6817007 |
| non-a, non-b hepatitis in man: further evidence in favour of hepatitis-b like particles. | 1981 | 6817010 | |
| issues in immunologically-mediated hepatic injury. | chronic infection with hepatitis b virus is widespread, and there are other forms of chronic hepatitis in which the host's immune response is pathogenic. a conference study group report assessed faulty immune effector mechanisms. the immune pathways considered were effector cell recruitment and cytolytic mechanisms, including hepatocyte killing by antigen-specific t lymphocytes, non-antigen-specific cells (k and nk cells, macrophages), and antibody plus complement. also considered were "modulati ... | 1981 | 6977696 |
| epidemiology of sexually transmitted hepatitis b infections in heterosexuals: a review. | the evidence that hepatitis b virus is transmitted between heterosexuals as a result of sexual contact is indirect, incomplete, and depends on definitions. in developed western countries, the highest attack rate for endemic hepatitis b is found in sexually active young adults. compared to the prevalence among "controls," the prevalences of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and/or its antibody are significantly higher in female prostitutes, in women with venereal diseases, and in spouses of pat ... | 1981 | 6895799 |
| clinical and histological features of a group of patients with sporadic non-a, non-b hepatitis. | twelve serologically proven cases of non-a, non-b (nanb) hepatitis have been described. the clinical course was mild in 11 patients. one patient, however, presented in portal systemic encephalopathy and required steroid treatment. nine of the 12 patients continued to exhibit raised transaminase (ast) activities six or more months after the onset of the acute hepatitis. in these immunoglobulin concentrations were normal and autoantibodies were not present in significant titre. four patients had e ... | 1981 | 6796615 |
| hepatitis b serology in 1000 vd clinic attenders. | one thousand consecutive sera from individual patients attending the christchurch venereal disease clinic were examined for hepatitis b surface antibody (anti hbs) and antigen (hbsag). there were 682 males and 318 females. 182 (18.2 percent) were anti hbs positive, 126 (18.5 percent) males and 56 (17.6 percent) females. 18 (1.8 percent) were hbsag positive, 14 (2.1 percent) males and four (1.3 percent) females. the risks of clinic staff contracting hepatitis are discussed. | 1981 | 6798513 |
| [progress in viral hepatitis]. | 1981 | 6798670 | |
| tumorigenicity in nude mice of a human hepatoma cell line containing hepatitis b virus dna. | the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line plc/prf/5, which synthesizes and secretes hepatitis b surface antigen, was grown under optimal conditions in tissue culture, using eagle's minimal essential medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 10(-11) m triiodothyronine on collagen rafts. injection s.c. of the plc/prf/5 cell line into athymic balb/c nude mice resulted in the growth of a well-circumscribed, moderately differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma. the intervals until tumor ap ... | 1981 | 6260336 |
| biology of hepatitis b virus. | immunochemical investigations of the viral antigens and molecular characterization of the viral dna have elucidated the nature of the hepatitis b virus infection underlying acute, chronic, and oncogenic disorders of the liver in man. cloning and sequencing of viral dna have made possible studies on the structure of the genome and on certain aspects of the biology of the virus, hitherto constrained for a lack of tissue culture systems and laboratory animal models useful in its propagation. | 1981 | 6264599 |
| induction of hepatitis b surface antigen in human hepatoma-derived cell lines. | cultures of two human hepatoma cell lines were examined for expression of hepatitis b virus surface antigen (hbsag). the plc/prf/5 cells secreted hbsag continuously into the culture medium, whereas mahlavu cells did not secrete the antigen. however, cytoplasmic antigen was detected in a low percentage (less than 5%) of the mahlavu cells. the expression of hbsag also was assayed in cultures treated wtih dexamethasone (dxm), 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (idurd), or both. the results demonstrated that: ( ... | 1981 | 6268737 |
| [what is new in the field of viruses in hepatology?]. | 1981 | 6275485 | |
| acute viral hepatitis. | 1981 | 6268782 | |
| acute viral hepatitis. | 1981 | 6269109 | |
| identification of integrated hepatitis b virus dna sequences in human hepatocellular carcinomas. | dna extracts from hepatocellular carcinomas of 13 patients from south africa were examined for hepatitis b virus (hbv) dna sequences by molecular hybridization using [32p]-labeled recombinant, cloned, and purified hbv-dna. eight patients were hbv carriers as demonstrated by the presence of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) in their serum, and each of these patients and hbv-dna sequences in hepatocellular carcinoma tissue. five patients who were not hbsag carriers, did not have hbv-dna in their ... | 1981 | 6269974 |
| viral hepatitis. | 1981 | 6276915 | |
| modern aspects of the morphology of viral hepatitis. | the morphologic pathology of human viral hepatitis and its sequelae are reviewed in this article. emphasis is placed on new information, including the current status of the pathologic diagnosis of hepatitis non-a, non-b. the article includes a discussion of aspects of the virology that are pertinent to an understanding of the significance of viral markers in the liver. a small contribution of the authors is a brief description of the neocholangiole, a duct of hering-like structure seen following ... | 1981 | 6277762 |
| detection of hepatitis b virus-specific dna in the genomes of human hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis tissues. | hepatitis b virus-related dna was detected in the chromosomal dna of three out of seven hepatocellular carcinomas and two out of five cirrhosis samples examined, by means of the blot-hybridization technique, described by southern (1975). the integration patterns were not identical but some similarities raise the question of whether there are some preferred sites of viral integration. | 1981 | 6275024 |
| integration pattern of hepatitis b virus dna sequences in human hepatoma cell lines. | four human hepatoma cell lines established from primary hepatocellular carcinomas were examined for the presence of hepatitis b virus dna sequences. reassociation kinetic analysis indicated that the cell lines hep-3b 217, hep-3b 14, hep-3b f1, and plc/prf/5 contained two, one, one, and four genome equivalents per cell, respectively. southern blot hybridization analysis demonstrated that hepatitis b virus dna was integrated into the cellular dnas of these cell lines. further liquid hybridization ... | 1981 | 6260977 |
| enhanced tumorigenicity and hepatitis b virus genes in a human hepatoma cell line injected into immunosuppressed nude mice. | 1981 | 6283704 | |
| structure and expression of the hepatitis b virus genome. | by fusion of the hepatitis b virus (hbv) surface antigen (hbsag) gene to that of the e. coli lac z gene carried by a phage lambda derivative, expression of hbsag antigenic determinants was obtained and carried by a 138,000 dalton fusion polypeptide. such a protein could be ultimately useful for second generation vaccine production. hbsag gene expression was studied in eukaryotic cells using the mouse l cell (tk-) system. cotransformation using a plasmid carrying two copies of the hbv genome in a ... | 1981 | 6281110 |
| the immune system in slow disease due to persistent submicrobial (viral) infection. | 1981 | 6270625 | |
| viral hepatitis: report on who informal consultation. | 1981 | 6271920 | |
| transcription of human hepatitis b virus core antigen gene sequences in an in vitro hela cellular extract. | 1981 | 6264676 | |
| susceptibility of monkeys to human hepatitis a virus. | a stump-tailed monkey, newly caught and without antibody to hepatitis b virus (hav), was successfully infected with human hav. the following alterations were observed in the monkey's functions: (1) elevation in activities of serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, and its type 5 isoenzyme (electrophoretically the fastest moving); (2) development of antibody to hav; and (3) shedding of hav antigen in feces. the virus isolated from the monkey, designated the hangzhou a-1a strai ... | 1981 | 6267143 |
| detection of hepatitis b virus dna sequences in human hepatocellular carcinoma in an integrated form. | 1981 | 6262876 | |
| virology and immune mechanisms. | epstein-barr virus and hepatitis b virus are two agents which chronically infect man and have been associated with specific neoplasms. such findings point the way to new methods of control and detection of human malignancies. furthermore, immunosuppression is another major factor underlying the development of certain malignancies in human populations. it is clear that congenital immunodeficiency states as well as organ transplant recipients requiring iatrogenic immunosuppression and cancer patie ... | 1981 | 6263441 |
| [hepatitis: causative agents and diagnosis]. | 1981 | 6259568 | |
| characterization of the interaction between polymerized human albumin and hepatitis b surface antigen. | the interaction of polymerized human albumin with hepatitis b surface antigen was characterized utilizing a solid-phase radioimmunoassay. the interaction was specific as shown by quantitative inhibition of binding by soluble polymerized human albumin. the interaction was species restricted in that hepatitis b surface antigen did not bind nonhuman polymerized albumins. the albumin polymer size was critical to the binding reaction as was the concentration of hepatitis b surface antigen; the intera ... | 1981 | 6165643 |
| the delta agent: hbsag particles with delta antigen and rna in the serum of an hbv carrier. | the hepatitis b virus-associated delta antigen was detected in the serum of a young female drug addict with acute hepatitis and a previous history of hepatitis b surface antigen carrier. delta antigen was associated with a 35- to 37-nm subpopulation of hepatitis b surface antigen particles which banded at a density of 1.25 gm per cm3 of cscl and contained a small rna of approximately 5.5 x 10(5) molecular weight. this report demonstrates that delta antigen is associated with a unique subpopulati ... | 1981 | 6169614 |
| interactions between polymerized human albumin, hepatitis b surface antigen, and complement: i. binding of polyalbumin to clq. | there is considerable evidence that substances other than immunoglobulins can bind human clq. utilizing purified human clq immobilized on polystyrene beads, we have demonstrated that polymerized human albumin (phalb-125i) binds to human clq in a direct binding assay. this interaction required a high degree of albumin polymerization as the percentage of binding was proportional to the polymer size and monomeric albumin was unreactive. binding was species specific in the human clq bound only human ... | 1981 | 6169799 |
| antigenic and structural relationships of the surface antigens of hepatitis b virus, ground squirrel hepatitis virus, and woodchuck hepatitis virus. | the surface antigens of human hepatitis b (hbsag), ground squirrel hepatitis (gshsag), and woodchuck hepatitis (whsag) viruses were compared serologically, and their major polypeptides were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and tryptic peptide mapping. results showed that both gshsag and whsag are antigenically cross-reactive, that their major pairs of polypeptides have identical mobilities on sodium dodecyl sulfate gels, and that the major polypeptides of gsh ... | 1981 | 6168776 |
| hepatitis b and herpes viral components in the cerebrospinal fluid of chronic schizophrenic and senile demented patients. | cerebrospinal fluids (csf) or sera or both from 57 chronic schizophrenics and 18 senile demented patients were examined by various tests for hbsag. both csf and serum were positive in 2 schizophrenics while in six hbsag was detected in the csf only. elevated values of circulating immune complexes were found in positive patients. most csf positive for hbsag also contained neutralizing antibodies to herpesvirus hominis type 1. ultramicroscopic structures similar to hepatitis b virus (hbv) componen ... | 1981 | 6116411 |
| human virus, hepatic cancer. | 1981 | 6118763 | |
| elevation of serum beta 2 microglobulin in liver diseases. | beta 2 microglobulin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in the serum of 160 patients with liver disease and compared to 63 normal controls and 75 asymptomatic hbs-ag carriers. all the latter subjects had normal values. elevated serum beta 2 microglobulin levels were found in most of the other categories: acute viral hepatitis (35/45); chronic persistent (8/26) or active (35/41) hepatitis and liver cirrhosis (27/38). beta 2 microglobulin values were significantly lower in chronic persistent ... | 1981 | 6164510 |
| hbsag-associated albumin receptors and antialbumin antibodies in sera of patients with liver disease. | several investigators reported that sera from patients with liver disease react with polymerized human serum albumin. this reactivity may be mediated by antibodies to polymerized albumin or polymerized albumin receptor sites on hbsag. we tested sera from 114 patients with a variety of liver diseases by techniques which differentiate polymerized albumin binding activity mediated by hbsag-associated receptors from that due to immunoglobulins. total polymerized albumin binding activity was detected ... | 1981 | 6161062 |
| antibodies as immunological probes for studying the denaturation of hbsag. | radioimmunoassays were developed for antibodies to denaturated forms of hbsag (reduced and alkylated in an isotonic buffer (rahbs) or in 8 m urea-hbs) or reduced in 8m urea but not alkylated). these tests revealed that intact hbsag and ra-hbs shared common antigenic determinants, termed re[imai et al, 1974]. anti-re is elicited in the course of immune response to intact hbsag in humans and experimental animals. denaturation in 8 m urea and alkylation causes the appearance of additional antigenic ... | 1981 | 6165803 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of the nucleoprotein gene from the human influenza strain a/pr/8/34 (hon1). | the complete nucleotide sequence of the influenza a/pr/8/34 nucleoprotein gene was determined after cloning for dsdna copy in pbr322. the nucleoprotein gene is 1517 nucleotides long of which 1446 nucleotides code for 482 amino acids. the calculated amino acid composition is in good agreement with those published for influenza a nucleoprotein genes. the amino acid sequence of the nucleoprotein contains clusters of basic amino acids and proline, a property shared with other nucleic-acid-associated ... | 1981 | 6166474 |
| antiviral treatment of chronic hepatitis b virus infection. i. changes in viral markers with interferon combined with adenine arabinoside. | twenty patients with chronic active hepatitis and 12 patients with chronic persistent hepatitis associated with hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection were treated with human leukocyte interferon or adenine arabinoside alone or in combination. with interferon alone, four of 16 patients showed a permanent disappearance of hbv-associated dna polymerase (dnap) activity from serum. of six patients treated with adenine arabinoside alone, only one patient became permanently dnap-negative. with a regimen of ... | 1981 | 6166691 |
| the immunopathogenesis of chronic hbv induced liver disease. | 1981 | 6168027 | |
| light microscopic localization of hepatitis b virus antigens in the human pancreas. possibility of multiplication of hepatitis b virus in the human pancreas. | hepatitis b virus has been considered to be strictly organotropic and to infect and multiply only the hepatocytes of humans and chimpanzees. the localization of hepatitis b surface antigen in extrahepatic tissues has been regarded as due to deposition or phagocytosis of hepatitis b surface antigen circulating in the blood. in the present study, however, we demonstrated hepatitis b virus antigens in the pancreases of autopsied subjects with hepatitis b surface antigenemia by shikata's orcein stai ... | 1981 | 6169587 |
| hbsag glomerular deposits in glomerulonephritis: fact or artifact? | to evaluate the role of the hepatitis b virus infection in the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis, we screened 136 consecutive patients with various types of glomerular lesions for the presence of hbsag either in serum or in kidney biopsy specimens by means of radioimmunoassay and direct immunofluorescence technique, respectively. in selected patients, we carried out the search for antiglobulin activity (aa) factor(s) within the renal tissue with a fluoresceinated aggregated human igg preparatio ... | 1981 | 6165856 |
| human hepatocellular carcinoma and putative precancerous disorders: their enzyme histochemical study. | an enzyme histochemical study was performed to investigate abnormal enzyme activity in human hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) and, by application of these staining reactions to noncancerous liver disorders, to clarify the true nature of putative percancerous lesions. the enzyme activity of hepatocytes in cirrhotic livers, hepatitis b virus (hbv)-positive cells, and dysplastic liver cells was investigated. although the tumor cells in hcc gave an intensively positive reaction for gamma-glutamyl tran ... | 1981 | 6111303 |
| [antigenic determinants of normal serum proteins bound to the surface antigen structures of the serum hepatitis b virus (hbsag)]. | the coprecipitation test under conditions of rocket immunoelectrophoresis was used for the analysis of human normal serum antigens associated with hbsag structures. antigenic determinants of human serum albumin were detected in the hbsag composition. in the multicomponent test system, 125i-hbsag coprecipitated with some more distinct antigenic systems in addition to albumin. possible mechanisms of formation of classes of hbsag structures differing in host antigens are discussed. | 1981 | 6171101 |
| [therapeutic effect of human leukocyte interferon on chronic hepatitis b virus infection. i. administration of a small dose of human leukocyte interferon (author's transl)]. | 1981 | 6172529 | |
| surface antigenic determinants of mammalian "hepadnaviruses" defined by group- and class-specific monoclonal antibodies. | the hepatitis b-like viruses (human hepatitis b virus, woodchuck hepatitis virus, ground squirrel hepatitis virus, and duck hepatitis b virus) are hepatotropic dna viruses which have been referred to collectively as "hepadnaviruses." using a murine monoclonal antibody (101-2) to the surface antigen of woodchuck hepatitis virus, we have shown that the surface antigens of mammalian hepadnaviruses (hbsag, whsag, and gshsag) are antigenically related via a common determinant (hv/101). furthermore, a ... | 1982 | 6177867 |
| hbsag-like structures in immunosuppressed mice inoculated with human hepatitis b virus. | thymectomised and irradiated dba/2 mice were injected intraperitoneally with human serum containing high titer of hbsag, and were positive for hbsag. through the entire experiment neither degenerative and inflammatory lesions nor hepatitis b virus antigens could be detected in the liver of these animals by histomorphology and immunofluorescence, respectively. the sera of all these mice were negative for hbsag by radioimmunoassay. by electron microscopy, however, increasing amounts of filaments a ... | 1982 | 6127839 |
| antiviral treatment of chronic hepatitis b virus infection: pharmacokinetics and side effects of interferon and adenine arabinoside alone and in combination. | in an uncontrolled trial, 29 patients with chronic hepatitis b virus infection were treated with 93 courses of adenine arabinoside at doses ranging from 2.5 to 15 mg/kg per day. most patients were treated concomitantly with human leukocyte interferon. significant, but transient, neurotoxicity was seen with adenine arabinoside therapy in 44% of all courses. manifestations of toxicity were mainly neurological and ranged from pain syndromes to tremors and, rarely, seizures. suppression of numbers o ... | 1982 | 6177285 |
| hepatitis b virus vaccine: identification of hbsag/a and hbsag/d but not hbsag/y subtype antigenic determinants on a synthetic immunogenic peptide. | on the basis of theoretical considerations, a peptide (h peptide) was synthesized by hopp and woods [hopp, t. p. & woods, k. r. (1981) proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 78, 3824---3828]. this peptide contains a sequence of six amino acids postulated to represent the major epitope, or antibody-combining site, of hepatitis b virus surface antigen (hbsag). we have used passive hemagglutination inhibition with monospecific antibodies against the a, d, and y subdeterminants of this antigen and against human ... | 1982 | 6176997 |
| interferons as antivirals in man. | interferons have now been used in both prophylaxis and treatment of a number of human viral infections. the major action has been as a prophylactic for sites within the body that are not yet involved by disease. such a prophylactic effect can be obtained early in the treatment of acute viral infection or even during chronic viral disease. both local and systemic prophylaxis have been achieved with regard to both respiratory and herpesviral illness. in addition, dane particle suppression can be a ... | 1982 | 6183684 |
| post-transfusion hepatitis in australia. report of the australian red cross study. | post-transfusion hepatitis developed in 2% of 842 cardiac-surgery patients surveyed in sydney (4 cases per 1000 units of transfused blood). 3 of the 18 cases were caused by hepatitis b virus even though all units of blood which contained hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) had been rejected. 1 case was caused by cytomegalovirus, and there were 14 (78%) cases of non-a, non-b hepatitis. a significantly higher proportion of the units of blood given to the patients in whom non-a, non-b hepatitis dev ... | 1982 | 6119566 |
| acyclovir inhibits hepatitis b virus replication in man. | 1982 | 6120286 | |
| nature of non-a, non-b hepatitis viruses. | 1982 | 6122953 | |
| could hepatitis-b-like non-a non-b hepatitis simply be seronegative hepatitis b? | 1982 | 6122954 | |
| studies on hepatitis b virus antigens. i. separation of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) from human plasma and heterogeneity of the polypeptides in the antigen. | 1982 | 6178790 | |
| immune response to synthetic peptide analogues of hepatitis b surface antigen specific for the a determinant. | recovery from a natural infection with hepatitis b virus or vaccination with purified envelope protein leads to production of antibodies against the hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag). such physiologic response in man is generally directed against the a determinant of hbsag common to all serotypes of the virus. to define the immunochemical specificity of this determinant, the secondary structure of hbsag was derived from its sequence of 226 amino acids. hydrophilic stretches expected to contain ... | 1982 | 6181506 |
| ultrastructural analysis of hepatitis b surface antigen production in vitro. | recently several continuous cell lines (among these plc/prf/5 cells) producing hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) were established from human hepatocellular carcinomas. the cultured cells provide the first opportunity to study hbsag synthesis and secretion in vitro. hbsag, but not hbcag, was localized by the fluorescent antibody technique in the cytoplasm and on the surface of the cultured cells. under the electron microscope, th plc/prf/5 cells displayed morphologic characteristics of both hep ... | 1982 | 6182389 |
| hepatitis b viral infection: part ii. public health aspects. | it is estimated that 200 million people worldwide, including 0.1 percent of the u.s. populations, are carriers of hepatitis b virus. the carrier state is defined as positivity for hepatitis b surface antigen for six or more months without additional features of acute or chronic infection. the risk of spreading hepatitis b virus depends on the infectivity of the carrier, the nature of exposure to the carrier and the susceptibility of the contact. at present, some types of exposure merit prophylax ... | 1982 | 6180619 |
| demonstration of a single antigen-antibody system in 26 patients with non-a, non-b viral hepatitis. | 26 patients with viral hepatitis were selected on the basis of negative responses to serological tests for hepatitis b virus and hepatitis a virus infections. the illness was acute in 19 patients and chronic persistent in the remaining 7. immunodiffusion tests showed a single antigen-antibody system in the sera of all 26 patients. each patient had at least one serum sample positive for antigen or antibody. in 1 post-transfusion case, the corresponding immunological marker was found in the donor. ... | 1982 | 6181364 |
| vidarabine monophosphate and human leukocyte interferon in chronic hepatitis b infection. | ten young adult patients with chronic hepatitis b virus infection and positive hepatitis b e antigen and dna polymerase (dnap) levels were treated with alternating courses of seven to 28 days of 5 to 7.5 mg/kg of vidarabine monophosphate (adenine arabinoside monophosphate) and 28 days of human leukocyte interferon (ifn-alpha); three different regimens were given on an outpatient basis. all patients with a fall in their dnap level, and the dnap remained undetectable six months after treatment was ... | 1982 | 6175774 |
| monoclonal radioimmunoassays for hepatitis b surface antigen: demonstration of hepatitis b virus dna or related sequences in serum and viral epitopes in immune complexes. | high-affinity monoclonal igm and igg antibodies (anti-hbs) to hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) have recently been developed and used by us in the construction of highly sensitive radioimmunoassays for the detection of hbsag-associated determinants in serum. we now report that selected serum samples demonstrating monoclonal immunoreactive material also contain nucleic acid sequences complementary to hepatitis b virus (hbv) dna by molecular hybridization analysis. in addition, monoclonal radioi ... | 1982 | 6182569 |
| replication of the genome of a hepatitis b--like virus by reverse transcription of an rna intermediate. | duck hepatitis b virus, a dna virus closely related to human hepatitis b virus, was studied in infected duck liver. subviral particles resembling the viral nucleocapsid cores were isolated from persistently infected liver and shown to have a dna polymerase activity that utilizes an endogenous template and synthesizes both plus- and minus-strand viral dna. synthesis of the viral minus-strand dna utilized an rna template that was degraded as it was copied. viral plus-strand synthesis occurred on t ... | 1982 | 6180831 |
| systemic antivirals for therapy of herpesvirus diseases. | several chemicals and interferons have been utilized in the prophylaxis and the treatment of a number of human herpesvirus infections. for example, adenine arabinoside as well as acyclovir and human leukocyte interferon appear active against acute varicella zoster and herpes simplex infections in controlled trials. some of these agents have transient in vivo actions against cmv and ebv as well. further open trial work with these 2 viruses appears necessary to improve dose regimens or to employ c ... | 1982 | 6187616 |
| [enhancement of the activity of hepatitis b virus vaccine by association with murabutide]. | murabutide (n-acetyl-muramyl-l-alanyl-d-glutamine-alpha-butylester), an mdp analogue, is a potential adjuvant for human immunization. high levels of specific antibodies were obtained in mouse and guinea-pig following administration with murabutide of low dosages of anti-hepatitis b viral vaccine containing the surface antigen (hbs). the effect of murabutide was enhanced without increasing the level of specific ige by association with suboptimal dosages of aluminium hydroxide. | 1982 | 6218866 |
| radioimmunoassay in diagnostic virology. | 1982 | 6281600 | |
| vaccines for the decade of the 1980s and beyond. | an increase in the average human lifespan from ancient times to the present is due mainly to control of infectious diseases, and vaccines are a keystone to their prevention. several important new vaccines should emerge during the present decade, the most important being those against human hepatitis a and b. disease eradication and elimination by vaccines are worthwhile targets for at least some of the more important diseases and will probably be accomplished during this century. further increas ... | 1982 | 6281926 |
| asymmetric replication of duck hepatitis b virus dna in liver cells: free minus-strand dna. | in order to study the replication of the dna genome of duck hepatitis b virus, an avian virus related to human hepatitis b virus, we have characterized viral dnas present in the livers of viremic ducks by agarose gel electrophoresis and the southern blot procedure. in addition to relaxed circular dna similar to virion dna, livers contained a heterogeneous population of rapidly migrating species. the conformation of the rapidly migrating species was markedly sensitive to salt, suggesting that the ... | 1982 | 6287459 |
| the biology of viral hepatitis. | dramatic advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis, pathophysiology, prevention, and treatment of the major viral diseases of the liver have been made. hepatitis b and a viruses have been identified, with specific diagnostic serologic assays commercially available for these infections. the diagnosis of non-a, non-b hepatitis is currently made by exclusion. morphological alterations in viral hepatitis are similar, regardless of the etiologic agent. chronic viral hepatitis may be associate ... | 1982 | 6289089 |
| demonstration of albumin receptors on isolated human hepatocytes by light and scanning electron microscopy. | the presence of albumin receptors on the plasma membrane of isolated human hepatocytes was investigated employing albumin-coupled latex minibeads. hepatocyte-latex reaction was visualized by phase contrast and scanning electron microscopy. the experiments demonstrate that hepatocytes exhibit binding activity for polymeric and monomeric forms of glutaraldehyde-treated albumin. additionally, the reaction was shown to be species-nonspecific. these findings support the hypothesis that polymerized al ... | 1982 | 6292068 |
| virus receptors for polymerized human albumin: a prognostic marker in hbeag-positive chronic hepatitis type b? | seventeen out of 30 patients with chronic hepatitis type b with hepatitis b e antigen (hbeag) in serum remained persistently positive for e antigen, while 13 seroconverted to antibody (anti-hbe) when followed over a period of one to five years. initial levels of serum hepatitis b virus (hbv) markers, such as the hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag), hbeag, and hbv-dna polymerase (hbv-dnap) were similar in the two groups of patients, while initial titres of the hbsag-associated receptor for polyme ... | 1982 | 6292360 |