Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus in high-risk infants: administration of immune globulin and epidemiological surveillance of infection. | hospitalizations secondary to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in children were monitored before and after the administration of rsv immune globulin. monitored also was the effectiveness of prophylaxis in preventing the disease among at-risk children along the texas-mexico border. small premature infants were at the greatest risk of hospitalization; preterm infants and then term infants followed. prophylaxis does not necessarily prevent rsv bronchiolitis but may reduce the severity of ... | 2000 | 10843015 |
| recurrent respiratory syncytial virus infections in allergen-sensitized mice lead to persistent airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is considered a risk factor for bronchial asthma; however, the synergy between allergen sensitization and rsv infection in the development of pulmonary inflammation and asthma has been controversial. in this study the effects of primary and recurrent rsv infection on allergic asthma were examined in a group of control, rsv-infected, dermatophagoides farinae (df) allergen-sensitized, and df allergen-sensitized plus rsv-infected balb/c mice. primary rsv ... | 2000 | 10843718 |
| th(1)- and th(2)-type cytokine expression by activated t lymphocytes from the lung and spleen during the inflammatory response to respiratory syncytial virus. | rsv is an important cause of lower respiratory tract illness in infants and the elderly worldwide. the components involved in immunity and those that contribute to inflammation of rsv-induced disease are not clearly understood. to address the relationship between activation antigen and cytokine expression, intracellular levels of il-2, il-4, il-5 and ifn-gamma were determined for cd3, cd44, cd49d, cd54, cd62l and cd102 lymphocytes from the bronchoalveolar lavage and spleen. to examine activation ... | 2000 | 10843768 |
| the cys(3)-his(1) motif of the respiratory syncytial virus m2-1 protein is essential for protein function. | the m2 gene of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus has two open reading frames (orfs). orf1 encodes a 22-kda protein termed m2-1. the m2-1 protein contains a cys(3)-his(1) motif (c-x(7)-c-x(5)-c-x(3)-h) near the amino terminus. this motif is conserved in all human, bovine, and ovine strains of rs virus. a similar motif found in the mammalian transcription factor nup475 has been shown to bind zinc. the m2-1 protein of human rs virus functions as a transcription factor which increases polymerase proc ... | 2000 | 10846068 |
| the core of the respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein is a trimeric coiled coil. | entry into the host cell by enveloped viruses is mediated by fusion (f) or transmembrane glycoproteins. many of these proteins share a fold comprising a trimer of antiparallel coiled-coil heterodimers, where the heterodimers are formed by two discontinuous heptad repeat motifs within the proteolytically processed chain. the f protein of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv; the major cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants) contains two corresponding regions that are predicted t ... | 2000 | 10846072 |
| functional analysis of the genomic and antigenomic promoters of human respiratory syncytial virus. | the promoters involved in transcription and rna replication by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) were examined by using a plasmid-based minireplicon system. the 3' ends of the genome and antigenome, which, respectively, contain the 44-nucleotide (nt) leader (le) and 155-nt trailer-complement (trc) regions, should each contain a promoter for rna replication. the 3' genome end also should have the promoter for transcription. substitution for the le with various lengths of trc demonstrated that the ... | 2000 | 10846082 |
| respiratory syncytial virus g and/or sh glycoproteins modify cc and cxc chemokine mrna expression in the balb/c mouse. | chemokine mrna expression by pulmonary leukocytes following infection of balb/c mice with two strains of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and one strain of parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv-3) was determined. the results suggest that rsv g and/or sh proteins inhibit early mip-1alpha, mip-1beta, mip-2, mcp-1, and ip-10 mrna expression. tca-3 mrna expression was found to be increased during piv-3 infection. | 2000 | 10846112 |
| modulation of endothelin-1 expression in pulmonary epithelial cell line (a549) after exposure to rsv. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the most important respiratory tract pathogens in infants and young children. the airway epithelial cells are the primary target cells for rsv infection. the airway epithelial layer is not only a physical barrier, but also plays a role in a synthesis of a variety of major inflammatory cytokines (il-6, il-8, gm-csf etc.) as previously reported. endothelin-1 (et-1) is a potent bronchoconstrictor and vasoconstrictor factor, and involved in pathogenesis of ... | 2000 | 10851275 |
| antibodies in human infectious disease. | investigation of human antibody responses to viral pathogens at the molecular level is revealing novel aspects of the interplay of viruses with the humoral immune system. in viral infection, at least two types of human antibody responses exist: a response to mature envelope on virions that is neutralizing and a response to immature forms of envelope (viral debris) that is not. many pathogens have, to varying degrees, evolved envelopes to minimize antibody responses against epitopes exposed on th ... | 2000 | 10852127 |
| ct manifestations of respiratory syncytial virus infection in lung transplant recipients. | the purpose of our study was to evaluate ct findings during respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in lung transplant recipients and to identify sequelae. | 2000 | 10752884 |
| pulmonary eosinophilia and production of mip-1alpha are prominent responses to infection with pneumonia virus of mice. | human eosinophils secrete two distinct ribonucleases that have antiviral activity against pathogens of the family paramyxoviridae. to examine the role of eosinophils and their ribonucleases in host defense against paramyxovirus pathogens in vivo, we have developed a mouse model involving a viral pathogen that naturally targets a rodent host. in this work we describe infection of balb/c mice with pneumonia virus of mice (pvm, strain j3666), a paramyxovirus pathogen found frequently among rodent p ... | 2000 | 10753501 |
| paramyxoviridae use distinct virus-specific mechanisms to circumvent the interferon response. | stat1 and stat2 are cellular transcription factors involved in interferon (ifn) signaling and are thus critical for the ifn-induced antiviral state. we have previously shown that the paramyxovirus simian virus 5 (sv5) blocks both type i and type ii interferon (ifn) signaling by targeting stat1 for proteasome-mediated degradation. to determine whether this is a feature common to all paramyxoviridae, we examined the abilities of sv5, sendai virus (sev), human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and ... | 2000 | 10753717 |
| surfactant function affected by airway inflammation and cooling: possible impact on exercise-induced asthma. | pulmonary surfactant maintains patency of narrow conducting airways. an inflammation, with a leakage of plasma proteins into the airway lumen, causes surfactant to lose some of this ability. will a lowering of temperature aggravate the deteriorating effect of an inflammation? calf lung surfactant extract (clse) with proteins added was studied with a capillary surfactometer (cs) at temperatures of 25-42 degrees c. balb/c mice were infected with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). six days later th ... | 2000 | 10759448 |
| influenza and respiratory syncytial virus. update on infection, management, and prevention. | this article is an overview of the epidemiology and spectrum of clinical disease attributed to influenza and respiratory syncytial virus in children. it separately discusses the pathogenesis of the two diseases and the host responses to the viruses to emphasize each infection's significance and need for a vaccine. updates on current preventive measures and a preview of potential future vaccine developments are presented. | 2000 | 10761508 |
| a step ahead. infant protection through maternal immunization. | the concept of maternal immunization to prevent infectious diseases during a period of increased vulnerability in infants is not new and is supported by historical experience and carefully conducted studies of various viral and bacterial vaccines. candidate vaccines should be minimally reactogenic, immunogenic, and safe for maternal immunization to be considered as a disease prevention strategy. the possibilities increase as more potential candidate vaccines for use during pregnancy become avail ... | 2000 | 10761514 |
| economic disadvantages of palivizumab. | 2000 | 10766708 | |
| detection of respiratory syncytial virus in nasopharyngeal secretions by 24-well plate precentrifugation assay using a monoclonal antibody against f protein. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is responsible for 50% of all bronchiolitis and 25% of pneumonia cases during the first month of life. detection of the rsv antigen by immunofluorescence in exfoliated nasal epithelium or by other methods in nasopharyngeal swabs is useful in the potentially infected patient because results are available within a few hours. in contrast, rsv antigen detection in cell culture may require as much as 3 weeks. | 2000 | 10767488 |
| prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus in premature infants. impact-rsv study group. | 2000 | 10768456 | |
| use of cotton rats to evaluate the efficacy of antivirals in treatment of measles virus infections. | no practical animal models for the testing of chemotherapeutic or biologic agents identified in cell culture assays as being active against measles virus (mv) are currently available. cotton rats may serve this purpose. to evaluate this possibility, 5-ethynyl-1-beta-d-ribofuranosylimidazole-4-carboxamide (eicar) and poly(acrylamidomethyl propanesulfonate) (pamps), two compounds that have been reported to inhibit mv in vitro, and ribavirin, an established antiviral drug with mv-inhibitory activit ... | 2000 | 10770743 |
| [the value of rsv-prophylaxis: the shortage of data must not result in hasty decisions]. | 2000 | 10771552 | |
| [a reply: the benefit is marginal--money can be used better]. | 2000 | 10771553 | |
| the critical role of population-based epidemiology in cost-effectiveness research. | 2000 | 10742335 | |
| systemic corticosteroids in infant bronchiolitis: a meta-analysis. | to determine whether corticosteroids are efficacious in treating bronchiolitis in hospitalized infants. | 2000 | 10742365 |
| clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus subgroups a and b infections in santa fe, argentina. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has two major antigenic groups, a and b. the implications of these variants in the epidemiology and pathogenesis of rsv infection are not well defined. this study was undertaken to compare the two rsv subgroups in patients admitted to hospital. clinical and epidemiologic features of rsv subgroups in children under 30 months of age with proven rsv acute lower respiratory infections were examined during 4 winters from 1993 to 1996 in santa fe, argentina. rsv typin ... | 2000 | 10745236 |
| estimation of incidence of respiratory syncytial virus infection in schoolchildren using salivary antibodies. | an assay for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-specific igg in saliva is described. the assay was used to examine the incidence of rsv infection in schoolchildren 7-10 years old during one rsv season. one hundred and twenty-one volunteer children provided saliva samples in october 1997 and march 1998; 18% of the children showed a fourfold or greater rise in anti-rsv igg in the second sample. this prevalence of antibody increase is similar to that described in previous studies that measured cft l ... | 2000 | 10745237 |
| respiratory syncytial virus upper respiratory tract illnesses in adult blood and marrow transplant recipients: combination therapy with aerosolized ribavirin and intravenous immunoglobulin. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important cause of serious respiratory illness in blood and marrow transplant (bmt) recipients. in some subsets of these immunocompromised patients, rsv upper respiratory illnesses frequently progress to fatal viral pneumonia. the frequency of progression to pneumonia is higher during the pre-engraftment than during the post-engraftment period. once pneumonia develops, the overall mortality is 60-80%, regardless of the treatment strategy. we performed a pi ... | 2000 | 10745261 |
| is it pertussis or rsv? | 2000 | 10745878 | |
| [infection of cattle by bovine respiratory syncytial virus]. | 2000 | 10748665 | |
| mutational analysis of the bovine respiratory syncytial virus nucleocapsid protein using a minigenome system: mutations that affect encapsidation, rna synthesis, and interaction with the phosphoprotein. | the nucleocapsid (n) protein of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) is a multifunctional protein that plays a central role in transcription and replication of viral genomic rna. to investigate the domains and specific residues involved in different n activities, we generated a total of 27 deletion and 12 point mutants of the n protein. these mutants were characterized using an intracellular brsv-cat minigenome replication system for the ability to (1) direct minigenome rna synthesis, (2) d ... | 2000 | 10772994 |
| do common childhood infections 'teach' the immune system not to be allergic? | 2000 | 10777250 | |
| [respiratory syncytial virus infections and preventive options]. | 2000 | 10778722 | |
| bovine respiratory syncytial virus: first serological evidence in uruguay. | bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) is a major cause of respiratory disease in calves resulting in a substantial economic loss for the cattle industry worldwide. in order to determine the presence of brsv in uruguay, an immunoenzymatic test was set up, using a recombinant brsv nucleocapsid (n) protein as the antigen. the n protein was produced in sf9 insect cells by a recombinant baculovirus expressing the n protein. serum samples collected from one hundred cattle from four different geogr ... | 2000 | 10779202 |
| macrophage colony-stimulating factor antagonists inhibit replication of hiv-1 in human macrophages. | macrophages infected with hiv-1 produce high levels of m-csf and macrophage-inflammatory protein-1alpha (mip-1alpha). m-csf facilitates the growth and differentiation of macrophages, while the chemotactic properties of mip-1alpha attract both t lymphocytes and macrophages to the site of hiv infection. studies described in this work indicate m-csf may function in an autocrine/paracrine manner to sustain hiv replication, and data suggest possible therapeutic strategies for decreasing viral load fo ... | 2000 | 10779806 |
| influence of live respiratory syncytial virus priming on the immune response generated by a recombinant vaccine candidate, bbg2na. | respiratory syncytial virus is one of the major respiratory pathogens for infants and immunocompromized children. with the exception of young children, all the population has encountered rsv and is seropositive. recent reports have demonstrated however that the virus also affects the elderly and represents a major cause of illness associated with an excess of morbidity and mortality. we have generated a recombinant rsv vaccine, bbg2na, which is highly protective in rodents against rsv infection. ... | 2000 | 10781850 |
| effective mucosal immunization against respiratory syncytial virus using purified f protein and a genetically detoxified cholera holotoxin, ct-e29h. | we exploited the powerful adjuvant properties of cholera holotoxin (ct) to create a mucosally administered subunit vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). a genetically detoxified mutant ct with an e to h substitution at amino acid 29 of the ct-a1 subunit (ct-e29h) was compared to wild type ct for toxicity and potential use as an intranasal (in) adjuvant for the natural fusion (f) protein of rsv. when compared to ct the results demonstrated that: (1) ct-e29h binding to gm1 ganglioside ... | 2000 | 10781860 |
| influence of administration dose and route on the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of bbg2na, a recombinant respiratory syncytial virus subunit vaccine candidate. | the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of bbg2na, a novel recombinant respiratory syncytial virus subunit vaccine candidate, was assessed in balb/c mice under various conditions of dose, administration route and number of immunisations. a single intra-peritoneal (i.p.) dose of 2 microg, or two doses of 0.2 microg, were sufficient to induce elevated rsv-a serum antibodies and sterilising lung protective immunity. serum antibody titres were significantly boosted following second immunisations, ... | 2000 | 10781861 |
| partial protection to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) elicited in mice by intranasal immunization using live staphylococci with surface-displayed rsv-peptides. | a live bacterial vaccine-delivery system based on the food-grade bacterium staphylococcus carnosus was used for delivery of peptides from the g glycoprotein of human respiratory syncytial virus, subtype a (rsv-a). three peptides, corresponding to the g protein amino acids, 144-159 (denoted g5), 190-203 (g9) and 171-188 (g4 s), the latter with four cysteine residues substituted for serines, were expressed by recombinant means as surface-exposed on three different bacteria, and their surface acces ... | 2000 | 10781862 |
| etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in 254 hospitalized children. | childhood community-acquired pneumonia is a common illness, but there have been relatively few comprehensive studies of the viral and bacterial etiology in developed countries. the aim of the present investigation was to determine the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized children by several laboratory methods. | 2000 | 10783017 |
| etiology and treatment of pneumonia. | background: lower respiratory tract infections are a common cause of morbidity among children. among these infections pneumonia is the most serious illness and can be difficult to diagnose. the etiology of pneumonia is still partly unknown, primarily because of difficulty in obtaining adequate samples and lack of reliable diagnostic methods. etiology of pneumonia: streptococcus pneumoniae is recognized as an important cause of pediatric pneumonia regardless of age in both the inpatient and outpa ... | 2000 | 10783038 |
| management of otitis media: 2000 and beyond. | in the next few years what will alter our modes of diagnosis, choice of therapies and strategies for prevention of acute otitis media (aom)? these issues, as well as whether antibiotic resistance will continue to threaten the efficacy of currently available antimicrobial agents, whether industry and academia will be able to respond to bacterial resistance with effective new antimicrobial drugs and whether the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine will substantially reduce the incidence of aom provide a ... | 2000 | 10783040 |
| asthma and airway hyper-responsiveness in adults who required hospital admission for bronchiolitis in early childhood. | viral respiratory infections in infancy may contribute to the development of airway hyper-responsiveness (ahr) in childhood but their effects on respiratory function at the adult age are still uncertain. a group of 42 subjects aged 17-35 with a pediatrician-made diagnosis of severe bronchiolitis in infancy (br) were compared for the presence of asthma and ahr to a control group (c) paired for age and gender, without evidence of lower respiratory disease in infancy. all had a respiratory and envi ... | 2000 | 10783941 |
| [rapid diagnosis of principal respiratory viruses in the city of havana, 1995-97]. | acute respiratory diseases (ard) are the most common infections in humans and difficult to prevent. viruses have been recognized as predominant ethiological agents. in cuba, ard constitute a major problem of health and are the first cause of morbidity and important cause of mortality. in this paper, rapid diagnosis was performed to 516 clinical samples which arrived to the reference respiratory viruses laboratory of the pedro kourí institute of tropical medicine (ipk) from different parts of hav ... | 2000 | 10785939 |
| rsv not the common cold. signs & symptoms of respiratory syncytial virus. | 2000 | 10787856 | |
| novel anti-rsv dianionic dendrimer-like compounds: design, synthesis and biological evaluation. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is considered to be the leading cause of lower respiratory tract disease in infants and young children. rsv is also a common pathogen in immunocompromised adults and in the elderly. rsv infection can be epidemic and is evident worldwide. ribavirin, a small molecule agent, and synagis, a monoclonal neutralizing antibody, are the only approved drugs for treatment and prevention of rsv in high-risk patients. this review is focused on a group of novel and spec ... | 2000 | 10788595 |
| surveillance for outbreaks of respiratory tract infections in nursing homes. | outbreaks of respiratory tract infections are common in long-term care facilities for older people. the objective of our study was to determine both the frequency of such outbreaks and their clinical and epidemiological features. | 2000 | 10789627 |
| ecp level in nasopharyngeal secretions and serum from children with respiratory virus infections and asthmatic children. | infection with respiratory virus has been shown to exacerbate asthma in humans. however, the role of a respiratory virus in the pathogenesis of chronic asthma and/or wheezing in young children has not been clearly defined. it has also been debated whether virus-induced wheezing in young children is one entity and allergic asthma another, or whether they are different expressions of the same disease. the present study was done to compare ecp concentrations in nasopharyngeal secretions and serum f ... | 2000 | 10791110 |
| [prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection in a peripheral hospital: economic problems and ethical questions]. | 2000 | 10793937 | |
| [acute bronchiolitis in infants]. | bronchiolitis is the most common disease of the respiratory tract during the first year of life, and occurs in annual epidemics in winter. the etiology is viral, and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the commonest agent. respiratory symptoms remain generally mild, and treatment just supportive and at home. certain infants are at high risk of severe illness (age less than 3 months, preterm birth, neonatal respiratory disease, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, underlying chronic diseases), and requir ... | 2000 | 10793943 |
| ribavirin for respiratory syncytial virus infection of the lower respiratory tract. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of pneumonia in infants. ribavirin is the only antiviral therapy available against rsv. the objective of this review was to assess the effects of aerosolized ribavirin for infants with rsv lower respiratory tract infection. | 2000 | 10796503 |
| immunoglobulin for preventing respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus, the most important cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children in industrialized countries, is associated with increased morbidity in premature infants with or without bronchopulmonary dysplasia as well as those with congenital heart disease. because of observations that lower rates of disease occur immediately after birth, presumably due to vertical transmission of maternal antibody, and animal studies where protection from pneumonia wa ... | 2000 | 10796658 |
| respiratory syncytial virus: changes in prevalence of subgroups a and b among argentinian children, 1990-1996. | the frequency of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and the distribution of subgroups a and b strains during 7 consecutive years (1990-1996) were examined in two cities of argentina. nasopharyngeal aspirates from 1,304 children less than 2 years of age hospitalized with acute lower respiratory infection were studied by indirect immunofluorescence. rsv was detected in 352 cases (26.9%), and the peak activity was observed in midwinter. subgroup characterization was performed with two monoclonal ant ... | 2000 | 10797385 |
| assessment of bronchodilator responsiveness in infants with bronchiolitis. a comparison of the tidal and the raised volume rapid thoracoabdominal compression technique. | whether bronchodilators should be used for the treatment of infants with bronchiolitis is subject to debate, partly because of the low sensitivity of the methods for assessing lung function changes in infants. in the present study, we compared the recently introduced raised volume (rvrtc) with the conventional end-tidal rapid thoracoabdominal compression (etrtc) technique in infants with acute viral bronchiolitis. in 17 infants lung function was assessed by both methods, at baseline values and a ... | 2000 | 10712319 |
| what determines asthma phenotype? respiratory infections and asthma. | 2000 | 10712377 | |
| bovine respiratory syncytial virus-specific ige is associated with interleukin-2 and -4, and interferon-gamma expression in pulmonary lymph of experimentally infected calves. | to study the local immune response of calves to bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) infection with emphasis on ige production and cytokine gene expression in pulmonary lymph. | 2000 | 10714521 |
| different expression of icam-1 and lfa-1 alpha by peripheral leukocytes during respiratory syncytial virus and influenza virus infection in young children. | we compared the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule (icam)-1 and lymphocyte function-associated antigen (lfa)-1 alpha (alpha) on the surfaces of peripheral immunocompetent cells of young children infected with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza virus. flow cytometric analysis revealed a significantly higher percentage of cd14 + monocytes/macrophages that were strongly icam-1-positive in the influenza group than in age-matched controls, whereas the icam-1 expression levels ... | 2000 | 10716070 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection induces expression of the anti-apoptosis gene iex-1l in human respiratory epithelial cells. | by means of differential display reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, increased expression of the mrna encoding the anti-apoptosis gene iex-1l was found in respiratory epithelial cells infected with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). iex-1l mrna expression increased 5-7-fold in rsv-infected cells at 72 h after infection but remained unchanged in cells exposed to irradiated, replication-incompetent rsv. because iex-1l is reported to protect cells from apoptosis induced by tumor necros ... | 2000 | 10720500 |
| broad-spectrum antiviral activity of the imp dehydrogenase inhibitor vx-497: a comparison with ribavirin and demonstration of antiviral additivity with alpha interferon. | the enzyme imp dehydrogenase (impdh) catalyzes an essential step in the de novo biosynthesis of guanine nucleotides, namely, the conversion of imp to xmp. the major event occurring in cells exposed to competitive impdh inhibitors such as ribavirin or uncompetitive inhibitors such as mycophenolic acid (mpa) is a depletion of the intracellular gtp and dgtp pools. ribavirin is approved as an inhaled antiviral agent for treatment of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and orally, in combinat ... | 2000 | 10722482 |
| plasmid dna encoding the respiratory syncytial virus g protein is a promising vaccine candidate. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) remains a major cause of severe respiratory diseases in infants, young children, and the elderly. however, development of a rsv vaccine has been hampered by the outcome of the infant trials in the 1960s with a formalin-inactivated rsv preparation. enhanced lung disease was induced by the vaccination post-rsv exposure. previous studies in mice primed with rsv g protein either formulated in adjuvants or delivered by recombinant vaccinia viruses have indicated that ... | 2000 | 10725198 |
| the c-terminal third of human respiratory syncytial virus attachment (g) protein is partially resistant to protease digestion and is glycosylated in a cell-type-specific manner. | the soluble form of the human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) attachment protein (gs) was purified from the supernatant of infected cell cultures by immunoaffinity chromatography. digestion of gs with proteases and western blot analysis identified two fragments that were partially resistant to protease degradation. reactivity with diagnostic monoclonal antibodies located these two fragments in the primary structure of the g molecule. the large fragment spanned the c-terminal third of the g pr ... | 2000 | 10725417 |
| fusion of the green fluorescent protein to amino acids 1 to 71 of bovine respiratory syncytial virus glycoprotein g directs the hybrid polypeptide as a class ii membrane protein into the envelope of recombinant bovine herpesvirus-1. | it was recently shown that the class ii membrane glycoprotein g of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) is integrated into the envelope of recombinant bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) virions in the correct orientation. to verify the hypothesis that the membrane anchor of brsv g might be suitable to target heterologous polypeptides into the membrane of recombinant bhv-1 particles, an open reading frame encoding a fusion protein between amino acids 1 to 71 of the brsv g glycoprotein and the gree ... | 2000 | 10725432 |
| il-4 diminishes perforin-mediated and increases fas ligand-mediated cytotoxicity in vivo. | ctl have evolved two major mechanisms for target cell killing: one mediated by perforin/granzyme secretion and the other by fas/fas ligand (l) interaction. although cytokines are integral to the development of naive ctl into cytolytic effectors, the role of cytokines on mechanisms of ctl killing is just emerging. in this study, we evaluate the effects of il-4 in fas(cd95)/fasl(cd95l)-mediated killing of fas-overexpressing target cells. recombinant vaccinia viruses (vv) were constructed to expres ... | 2000 | 10725701 |
| update: respiratory syncytial virus activity--united states, 1998-1999 season. | 2000 | 10726369 | |
| risk factors for epidemic respiratory disease in norwegian cattle herds. | an epidemic of acute respiratory disease associated with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) occurred during the winter and spring of 1995 in two neighbouring veterinary districts in the south-eastern part of norway. the objective of this study was to describe the time course of the outbreak associated with brsv in the cattle herds, and to determine the association between selected herd factors and the risk of experiencing a herd outbreak of acute respiratory disease. data from 431 cattle ... | 2000 | 10727746 |
| viral pneumonias. epidemic respiratory viruses. | influenza, respiratory syncytial, and parainfluenza viruses usually cause mild, self-limited illness in adults. however, elderly and immunocompromised persons are at increased risk for development of severe pneumonia. clinical and radiographic features of epidemic viral pneumonias are often nonspecific. newer and faster methods of viral culture and viral antigen detection have improved the capability for definitive diagnosis in recent years. preventive measures for influenza virus pneumonia cent ... | 2000 | 10728134 |
| caffeine in the treatment of apnea associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection in neonates and infants. | the xanthines have been shown to be effective in the treatment of apnea of prematurity. limited reports are available in the literature concerning the use of these agents with apnea related to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections. | 2000 | 10728517 |
| the interaction of neutrophils with respiratory epithelial cells in viral infection. | viral respiratory infection is very common. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infects almost all children during the first 2 years of life. respiratory syncytial virus is the most frequent cause of bronchiolitis, which is strongly linked with asthma. however, the pathophysiology of rsv bronchiolitis is unclear. neutrophils are the predominant airway leucocytes in rsv bronchiolitis and other viral infections. neutrophils and their products are likely to play an important role in viral infection. ... | 2000 | 10728725 |
| cd4(+) t-cell-mediated antiviral protection of the upper respiratory tract in balb/c mice following parenteral immunization with a recombinant respiratory syncytial virus g protein fragment. | we analyzed the protective mechanisms induced against respiratory syncytial virus subgroup a (rsv-a) infection in the lower and upper respiratory tracts (lrt and urt) of balb/c mice after intraperitoneal immunization with a recombinant fusion protein incorporating residues 130 to 230 of rsv-a g protein (bbg2na). mother-to-offspring antibody (ab) transfer and adoptive transfer of bbg2na-primed b cells into scid mice demonstrated that abs are important for lrt protection but have no effect on urt ... | 2000 | 10729118 |
| bactericidal activity of a monocytic cell line (thp-1) against common respiratory tract bacterial pathogens is depressed after infection with respiratory syncytial virus. | non-typable haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae, moraxella catarrhalis and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are commonly isolated from patients during the course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). earlier studies found that virus infection enhanced binding of bacterial respiratory pathogens to epithelial cells in vitro. the objective of the present study was to assess the effect of rsv infection of a human monocytic cell line on bactericidal activity and cytokine prod ... | 2000 | 10707942 |
| a humanized monoclonal antibody against respiratory syncytial virus (palivizumab) inhibits rsv-induced neurogenic-mediated inflammation in rat airways. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important respiratory pathogen in infancy and early childhood and may predispose to subsequent lower respiratory tract illness. recent data indicate that rsv up-regulates the substance p receptor, making the airways abnormally susceptible to the proinflammatory effects of this peptide released from sensory nerves. the present study was designed to determine whether the administration of rsv antibodies prevents the potentiation of neurogenic inflammat ... | 2000 | 10709734 |
| adhesion molecule expression on epithelial cells infected with respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory epithelium is both a target and an effector of airway inflammation. adhesion molecules on epithelium play an important role in a variety of airway diseases. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important pathogen for airway diseases in infants. the expression of adhesion molecules on epithelium in rsv infection, however, is unclear. the expression of selected adhesion molecules and major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i and ii antigens on a human alveolar type ii epi ... | 2000 | 10706505 |
| no objective benefit from steroids inhaled via a spacer in infants recovering from bronchiolitis. | a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial was conducted to investigate the efficacy of 3 months' inhaled steroids delivered via a spacer device with face mask attachment to infants recovering from bronchiolitis. forty-eight previously healthy infants recovering from their first documented episode of acute bronchiolitis were randomized to receive 150 microg fluticasone propionate (fp) b.i.d. or placebo delivered via the babyhaler spacer. longitudinal assessments were performed on seven o ... | 2000 | 10706509 |
| nasal quantity of respiratory syncytical virus correlates with disease severity in hospitalized infants. | to evaluate the relationship between nasal quantity of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and disease severity in hospitalized infants without underlying cardiopulmonary disease or immunodeficiency. | 2000 | 10693996 |
| prophylaxis for respiratory syncytial virus with respiratory syncytial virus-immunoglobulin intravenous among preterm infants of thirty-two weeks gestation and less: reduction in incidence, severity of illness and cost. | to determine the impact of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) prophylaxis among preterm infants of < or =32 weeks gestation by comparing the severity of illness and cost of rsv-related care during the two winter seasons before (1994 to 1995, 1995 to 1996) with the two seasons after initiation of prophylaxis (1996 to 1997, 1997 to 1998). | 2000 | 10694001 |
| significance of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in the 1st year of life. | in this study we investigated the frequency, symptoms and predisposing factors of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection during the 1st year of life in infants with obstructive airway disease in comparison with infants without airway disease. | 2000 | 10697789 |
| evaluation of the live attenuated cpts 248/404 rsv vaccine in combination with a subunit rsv vaccine (pfp-2) in healthy young and older adults. | the safety and immunogenicity of the live attenuated cold-passaged, temperature-sensitive (cpts) 248/404 respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) a2 and the rsv a2 purified f glycoprotein (pfp-2) vaccine candidates were evaluated in a placebo-controlled trial in 60 healthy young adults and 60 healthy elderly subjects using simultaneous and sequential (cpts 248/404 followed by pfp-2) vaccination schedules. both vaccines were well tolerated. the cpts 248/404 vaccine was moderately infectious in both youn ... | 2000 | 10699324 |
| rsv prevention. | 2000 | 10702110 | |
| rapid detection of respiratory viruses by centrifugation enhanced cultures from children with acute lower respiratory tract infections. | acute respiratory tract infection (ari) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in young children in developing countries. information on viral aetiology in ari in india is very limited. | 2000 | 10680739 |
| purification of respiratory syncytial virus f and g proteins. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important cause of severe lower respiratory tract infections of infants in industrial nations. in addition, the participation of rsv in the genesis of asthma is under discussion. the rsv glycoproteins f and g have key positions in the viral pathogenesis. at present no satisfactory protein purification protocols are available for these proteins. the methods published for the g protein using preparative sds-page or immunoaffinity chromatography yield o ... | 2000 | 10681046 |
| evaluation of the antibody specificities of human convalescent-phase sera against the attachment (g) protein of human respiratory syncytial virus: influence of strain variation and carbohydrate side chains. | the c-terminal third of the attachment protein (g) of several human respiratory syncytial virus isolates was obtained as either a glycosylated protease-resistant fragment of the purified protein or a nonglycosylated gst fusion protein expressed in bacteria. the reactivity of human convalescent-phase sera with both forms of the protein segment was evaluated in immunoblots. while all serum samples reacted with the mature intact protein of the different isolates, only certain samples reacted with t ... | 2000 | 10686032 |
| right lung agenesis with left pulmonary artery sling. | we report on a 2-month-old infant girl who had right pulmonary agenesis and an unusual course of the left pulmonary artery. computed tomography and cardiac catheterization showed that the left pulmonary artery arose from the main pulmonary artery, crossing the midline, and reaching the left lung via an aberrant course between the esophagus and trachea. the coexistence of right pulmonary agenesis and left pulmonary sling is extremely rare. unlike in other reports, our patient remained symptom-fre ... | 2000 | 10686046 |
| [will we ever say no? for example to the rsv prophylaxis?]. | 2000 | 10687354 | |
| viral and bacterial infections in the development and progression of asthma. | viral respiratory infections produce wheezing illnesses in patients of all ages. in infancy, infections with respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus are the major cause of bronchiolitis and croup, whereas infections with common cold viruses such as rhinoviruses are the principal triggers for wheezing in older children and adults with asthma. in addition to causing increased wheezing in asthma, there is mounting evidence that infections early in childhood can affect the development of ... | 2000 | 10669531 |
| the relevance of allergen exposure to the development of asthma in childhood. | sensitization to 1 or more of the common indoor allergens has been consistently associated with asthma among children and young adults (odds ratios for asthma, 3-18). for dust mite and cockroach allergens, there is a dose response relationship between domestic exposure and sensitization. given that allergen provocation can induce many of the features of asthma, the findings strongly suggest that there is a causal relationship between allergen exposure in the home and asthma. however, it remains ... | 2000 | 10669532 |
| respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin treatment of lower respiratory tract infection in pediatric patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation - a compassionate use experience. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) pneumonia in bmt recipients carries a mortality rate of approximately 50-70% despite ribavirin (virazole) treatment. in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised animal models, rsv neutralizing antibodies rapidly reduce pulmonary virus load after a single dose. rsv-igiv (respigam) is an igg immune globulin with high concentrations of rsv neutralizing antibody (>19 200 mu/ml). from june 1991 to february 1996, a compassionate-use protocol using rsv-igiv for treat ... | 2000 | 10673674 |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) immune globulin and palivizumab for prevention of rsv infection. | the efficacy, safety, administration, and advantages and disadvantages of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) immune globulin and palivizumab for preventing rsv infection are discussed. prevention of rsv infection has attracted considerable attention because of its dinical and economic impact. studies have shown respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin intravenous (rsv-igiv) and palivizumab to be effective in decreasing the number of hospitalizations and hospital days attributable to rsv. the n ... | 2000 | 10674778 |
| prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus in premature infants. | 2000 | 10675148 | |
| regulated but not constitutive human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) p protein phosphorylation is essential for oligomerization. | purified human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) p phosphoprotein from transfected hep-2 cells is able to oligomerize forming tetramers. the bulk of constitutive p protein phosphorylation (99. 8%) (serine residues 116, 117, 119, 232 and 237) can be removed without affecting protein oligomerization. however, dephosphorylated p protein, produced in bacteria, is unable to oligomerize. this difference can be explained by a transient p protein phosphorylation, detected in hep-2 cells, that could be ... | 2000 | 10675554 |
| [respiratory syncytial virus infections and preventive options]. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most prominent pathogen found in respiratory tract infections in children and the most important cause of bronchiolitis in the first two years of life. in the netherlands approximately 2000 children are admitted each winter season. a serious course is mostly seen in children younger than 3 months, (ex-)prematures, children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia or congenital cardiac anomalies, children with cystic fibrosis younger then 2 years and children with ... | 2000 | 10665299 |
| [low incidence of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infections among children younger than 12 months in the department of pediatrics, sophia children's hospital at rotterdam]. | to investigate the occurrence of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections and to compare their clinical features with those of community-acquired rsv infections. | 2000 | 10665300 |
| synthesis and characterization of respiratory syncytial virus protein g related peptides containing two disulfide bridges. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important cause of bronchiolitis and viral pneumonia in infants and young children. approximately 100000 children are hospitalized in the usa each year as a result of rsv infections. during the research and development of subunit human respiratory syncytial virus vaccines (hrsv), we have produced numerous synthetic peptides and recombinant proteins containing the four cysteines of the highly conserved central region of the g attachment protein. for s ... | 2000 | 10667858 |
| simulfluor respiratory screen for rapid detection of multiple respiratory viruses in clinical specimens by immunofluorescence staining. | a new rapid direct immunofluorescence assay (dfa) respiratory screen reagent for detection of seven common respiratory viruses (respiratory syncytial virus [rsv], influenza a and b viruses, parainfluenza virus types 1 to 3, and adenovirus) was compared with standard single or dual dfa reagents and culture. in total, 1,531 respiratory samples were adequate for testing with both simulfluor respiratory screen (rs) reagent (chemicon international, temecula, calif.) and single or dual dfa reagents. t ... | 2000 | 10655371 |
| impact of respiratory virus infections on persons with chronic underlying conditions. | while hospitalization rates have declined overall, hospitalizations for acute lower respiratory tract infections have increased steadily since 1980. development of new approaches for prevention of acute respiratory tract conditions requires studies of the etiologies of infections and quantification of the risk of hospitalization for vulnerable patients. | 2000 | 10659876 |
| activation of erk2 by respiratory syncytial virus in a549 cells is linked to the production of interleukin 8. | the airway inflammation that results from respiratory syncytial virus infection is associated with a marked increase in interleukin 8 and neutrophils in the infected sites of the lung. in this study, the relationship between production of interleukin 8, infection of a549 cells by the virus, and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (mapks) was investigated. infection of a549 cells by the virus caused an increase on the activity of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (erk2) by about ... | 2000 | 10660833 |
| the bulk of the phosphorylation of human respiratory syncytial virus phosphoprotein is not essential but modulates viral rna transcription and replication. | the ability of variants of the human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) phosphoprotein (p protein) to support rna transcription and replication has been studied by using hrsv-based subgenomic replicons. the serine residues normally phosphorylated in p during hrsv infection have been replaced by other residues. the results indicate that the bulk of phosphorylation of p (98%) is not essential for viral rna transcription or replication but that phosphorylation can modulate these processes. | 2000 | 10640550 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to assess respiratory syncytial virus concentration and correlate results with inflammatory mediators in tracheal secretions. | we developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the quantitation of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in respiratory secretions in intubated patients infected with rsv. | 2000 | 10643842 |
| bronchiolitis-associated hospitalizations among american indian and alaska native children. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract illness among infants and young children. respiratory system diseases account for a large proportion of hospitalizations in american indian and alaska native (ai/an) children; however, aggregate estimates of rsv-associated hospitalizations among ai/an children have not been made. | 2000 | 10643844 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection and g and/or sh protein expression contribute to substance p, which mediates inflammation and enhanced pulmonary disease in balb/c mice. | a distinct clinical presentation of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection of humans is bronchiolitis, which has clinical features similar to those of asthma. substance p (sp), a tachykinin neuropeptide, has been associated with neurogenic inflammation and asthma; therefore, we chose to examine sp-induced inflammation with rsv infection. in this study, we examined the production of pulmonary sp associated with rsv infection of balb/c mice and the effect of anti-sp f(ab)(2) antibodies on the ... | 2000 | 10644330 |
| randomised placebo controlled trial of nebulised corticosteroids in acute respiratory syncytial viral bronchiolitis. | to evaluate short and long term effects of giving nebulised budesonide early in respiratory syncytial viral (rsv) bronchiolitis. | 2000 | 10648365 |
| influenza and the rates of hospitalization for respiratory disease among infants and young children. | young children may be at increased risk for serious complications from influenzavirus infection. however, in population-based studies it has been difficult to separate the effects of influenzavirus from those of respiratory syncytial virus. respiratory syncytial virus often circulates with influenzaviruses and is the most frequent cause of hospitalization for lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children. we studied the rates of hospitalization for acute respiratory-disease am ... | 2000 | 10648764 |
| is it time to give influenza vaccine to healthy infants? | 2000 | 10648771 |