Publications

chest compressions do not disrupt the seal created by the laryngeal mask airway during positive pressure ventilation: a preliminary porcine study.	pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents occurs 20 to 30% of the time during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (cpr) of cardiac arrest due to loss of protective airway reflexes, pressure changes generated during cpr, and positive pressure ventilation (ppv). although the american heart association has recommended the laryngeal mask airway (lma) as an acceptable alternative airway for use by emergency medical service personnel, concerns over the capacity of the device to protect from pulmonary aspirat ...	2014	25227646
high prevalence and genetic heterogeneity of porcine astroviruses in domestic pigs.	porcine astroviruses (pastvs) are common and genetically diverse viruses of domestic pigs. in the present study, the prevalence of pastv in healthy domestic pigs in croatia was 89%. phylogenetic analysis revealed genetic heterogeneity among pastv sequences; five lineages were detected, with pastv-2 being predominant, while pastv-3 was detected for the first time outside north america.	2014	25199509
nonradiological method for 3-dimensional implant position assessment using an intraoral scan: new method for postoperative implant control.	this study presents a method to verify the position of dental implants after insertion without the repeated x-ray exposure.	2014	25192152
creation of short microwave ablation zones: in vivo characterization of single and paired modified triaxial antennas.	to characterize modified triaxial microwave antennas configured to produce short ablation zones.	2014	25156644
anticipation and frequency of feeding affect heart reactions in domestic pigs.	measuring heart reactions has become a widely used method for the assessment of emotions. heart rate and its variability, which can quite easily be noninvasively recorded, reflect the inputs of the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the autonomous nervous system. we tested the hypothesis that frequent anticipation of a positive event results in an increased state of welfare in pigs, expressed as positive arousal in anticipation of announced feeding as well as lowered heart rate and augm ...	2014	25349338
histologic comparison of microscopic treatment zones induced by fractional lasers and radiofrequency.	fractional photothermolysis induces microscopic, localized thermal injury in the skin surrounded by undamaged viable tissue in order to promote wound healing.	2014	25148410
strong artificial selection in domestic mammals did not result in an increased recombination rate.	recombination rates vary in intensity and location at the species, individual, sex and chromosome levels. despite the fundamental biological importance of this process, the selective forces that operate to shape recombination rate and patterns are unclear. domestication offers a unique opportunity to study the interplay between recombination and selection. in domesticates, intense selection for particular traits is imposed on small populations over many generations, resulting in organisms that d ...	2014	25414125
domestic, peridomestic and wild hosts in the transmission of trypanosoma cruzi in the caatinga area colonised by triatoma brasiliensis.	the role played by different mammal species in the maintenance of trypanosoma cruzi is not constant and varies in time and place. this study aimed to characterise the importance of domestic, wild and peridomestic hosts in the transmission of t. cruzi in tauá, state of ceará, caatinga area, brazil, with an emphasis on those environments colonised by triatoma brasiliensis. direct parasitological examinations were performed on insects and mammals, serologic tests were performed on household and out ...	2014	25410992
pathogenic enterobacteria in lemurs associated with anthropogenic disturbance.	as human population density continues to increase exponentially, speeding the reduction and fragmentation of primate habitat, greater human-primate contact is inevitable, making higher rates of pathogen transmission likely. anthropogenic effects are particularly evident in madagascar, where a diversity of endemic lemur species are threatened by rapid habitat loss. despite these risks, knowledge of how anthropogenic activities affect lemur exposure to pathogens is limited. to improve our understa ...	2014	25328106
normal electrocardiographic and echocardiographic (m-mode and two-dimensional) values in polish landrace pigs.	swine are recognized animal models of human cardiovascular diseases. normal values of cardiac morphology and function have been published for swine but for smaller number of pigs and not for swine whose weights ranged up 100 kg. in order to improve the value of results of an investigation on cardiac morphology and function in swine when such data are extrapolated to humans, the aim of this study was to document electrocardiographic and echocardiographic measures of cardiac morphology and functio ...	2014	25196530
pathogen presence in feral pigs and their movement around two commercial piggeries in queensland, australia.	feral pigs are wild animal reservoirs of infectious pathogens transmissible to other species, all of which are transmissible to domestic pigs. the objective of this study was to detect the presence of harmful production-limiting pathogens; brucella suis, leptospira species, lawsonia intracellularis, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in a feral pig population within a 10 km radius of two large-scale commercial piggeries in southern queensland, australia. the movement pa ...	2014	24572722
experimental schmallenberg virus infection of pigs.	schmallenberg virus (sbv) is a newly emerged virus responsible for an acute non-specific syndrome in adult cattle including high fever, decrease in milk production and severe diarrhea. it also causes reproductive problems in cattle, sheep and goat including abortions, stillbirths and malformations. the role of pigs in the epidemiology of sbv has not yet been evaluated while this could be interesting seen their suggested role in the epidemiology of the closely related akabane virus. to address th ...	2014	24679959
reliable in vitro studies require appropriate ovarian cancer cell lines.	ovarian cancer is the fifth most common cause of cancer death in women and the leading cause of death from gynaecological malignancies. of the 75% women diagnosed with locally advanced or disseminated disease, only 30% will survive five years following treatment. this poor prognosis is due to the following reasons: limited understanding of the tumor origin, unclear initiating events and early developmental stages of ovarian cancer, lack of reliable ovarian cancer-specific biomarkers, and drug re ...	2014	24936210
experimental feeding of hydrilla verticillata colonized by stigonematales cyanobacteria induces vacuolar myelinopathy in painted turtles (chrysemys picta).	vacuolar myelinopathy (vm) is a neurologic disease primarily found in birds that occurs when wildlife ingest submerged aquatic vegetation colonized by an uncharacterized toxin-producing cyanobacterium (hereafter "ucb" for "uncharacterized cyanobacterium"). turtles are among the closest extant relatives of birds and many species directly and/or indirectly consume aquatic vegetation. however, it is unknown whether turtles can develop vm. we conducted a feeding trial to determine whether painted tu ...	2014	24695109
seroprevalence of porcine proliferative enteropathy among wild boars in the republic of korea.	the importance of the wild boar as a reservoir of lawsonia intracellularis was assessed by investigating the seroprevalence of this pathogen among wild boars in the republic of korea. the extent of exposure to l. intracellularis among wild boars (sus scrofa coreanus) was monitored by a country-wide serological survey using an immunoperoxidase monolayer assay.	2014	24393381
high-density dependence but low impact on selected reproduction parameters of brucella suis biovar 2 in wild boar hunting estates from south-western spain.	porcine brucellosis is a disease caused by brucella suis, which is characterized by reproductive disorders in pigs. the number of cases of swine brucellosis has risen in many european countries, likely because of the presence of a wild reservoir of b. suis in wild boar. this study aimed at evaluating factors that may influence the probability of infection with brucella spp. in wild boar and at assessing the impact of a previous contact with brucella spp. on reproductive parameters of wild boar. ...	2014	23347330
expression library immunization can confer protection against lethal challenge with african swine fever virus.	african swine fever is one of the most devastating pig diseases, against which there is no vaccine available. recent work from our laboratory has demonstrated the protective potential of dna vaccines encoding three african swine fever viral antigens (p54, p30, and the hemagglutinin extracellular domain) fused to ubiquitin. partial protection was afforded in the absence of detectable antibodies prior to virus challenge, and survival correlated with the presence of a large number of hemagglutinin- ...	2014	25210179
first molecular assessment of the african swine fever virus status of ornithodoros ticks from swaziland.	african swine fever (asf) is an economically significant haemorrhagic disease of domestic pigs. it is caused by the african swine fever virus (asfv), a deoxyribonucleic acid (dna)arbovirus. argasid ticks of the genus ornithodoros, which are widely distributed throughout southern africa, play a primary role in virus maintenance and spread within the endemic sylvatic cycle. the asf status of swaziland is unknown, but this land-locked country is surrounded by asf-positive countries, has a burgeonin ...	2014	26304186
anthelmintic efficacy of ivermectin and abamectin, administered orally for seven consecutive days (100 µg/kg/day), against nematodes in naturally infected pigs.	the present study aimed to evaluate ivermectin and abamectin, both administered orally in naturally infected domestic swine, as well as analysing if the epg (eggs per gram of faeces) values were equivalent with the ivermectin and abamectin efficacy obtained by parasitological necropsies. the animals were randomly selected based on the average of three consecutive epg counts of strongylida, ascaris suum and trichuris for experiment i, and of strongylida and trichuris for experiment ii. after the ...	2014	25278142
emergence of 2.1. subgenotype of classical swine fever virus in pig population of india in 2011.	limited studies are available on molecular epidemiology of classical swine fever virus (csfv) in india and are restricted to domestic pigs. these studies show the presence of 1.1. genotype.	2014	25365116
comparative analyses of host responses upon infection with moderately virulent classical swine fever virus in domestic pigs and wild boar.	classical swine fever (csf) is one of the most important viral diseases of pigs. clinical signs may vary from almost inapparent infection to a hemorrhagic fever like illness. among the host factors leading to different disease courses are age, breed, and immune status. the aim of this study was to compare host responses of different pig breeds upon infection with a recent moderately virulent csf virus (csfv) strain, and to assess their impact on the clinical outcome and the efficiency of immune ...	2014	25073480
complete genome sequence of classical swine fever virus genotype 2.2 strain bergen.	the complete genome sequence of the genotype 2.2 classical swine fever virus strain bergen has been determined; this strain was originally isolated from persistently infected domestic pigs in the netherlands and is characterized to be of low virulence.	2014	24874676
discovering up-regulated vegf-c expression in swine umbilical vein endothelial cells by classical swine fever virus shimen.	infection of domestic swine with the highly virulent shimen strain of classical swine fever virus causes hemorrhagic lymphadenitis and diffuse hemorrhaging in infected swine. we analyzed patterns of gene expression for csfv shimen in swine umbilical vein endothelial cells (suvecs). transcription of the vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) c gene (vegf-c) and translation of the corresponding protein were significantly up-regulated in suvecs. our findings suggest that vegf-c is involved in me ...	2014	24758593
screening of cellular proteins that interact with the classical swine fever virus non-structural protein 5a by yeast two-hybrid analysis.	classical swine fever virus (csfv), the pathogen of classical swine fever (csf), causes severe hemorrhagic fever and vascular necrosis in domestic pigs and wild boar. a large number of evidence has proven that non-structural 5a (ns5a) is not only a very important part of viral replication complex, but also can regulate host cell's function; however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. in the current study, aiming to find more clues in understanding the molecular mechanisms of csf ...	2014	24499791
efficacy of marker vaccine candidate cp7_e2alf against challenge with classical swine fever virus isolates of different genotypes.	classical swine fever (csf) is among the most important viral disease of domestic and feral pigs and has a serious impact on animal health and pig industry. in most countries with industrialized pig production, prophylactic vaccination against csf is banned, and all efforts are directed towards eradication of the disease, e.g. by culling of infected herds and animal movement restrictions. nevertheless, emergency vaccination remains an option to minimize the socio-economic impact of outbreaks. fo ...	2014	24411658
the challenges of classical swine fever control: modified live and e2 subunit vaccines.	classical swine fever (csf) is an economically important, highly contagious disease of swine worldwide. csf is caused by classical swine fever virus (csfv), and domestic pigs and wild boars are its only natural hosts. the two main strategies used to control csf epidemic are systematic prophylactic vaccination and a non-vaccination stamping-out policy. this review compares the protective efficacy of the routinely used modified live vaccine (mlv) and e2 subunit vaccines and summarizes the factors ...	2014	24211665
prevalence and diversity of encephalitozoon spp. and enterocytozoon bieneusi in wild boars (sus scrofa) in central europe.	from 2011 to 2012, the occurrence of enterocytozoon bieneusi and encephalitozoon spp. was surveyed at 29 randomly selected localities (both forest areas and enclosures) across four central european countries: austria, the czech republic, poland, and the slovak republic. isolates were genotyped by pcr amplification and characterization of the internal transcribed spacer (its) region using enterocytozoon and encephalitozoon-specific protocols. pcr revealed 16 mono-infections of encephalitozoon cun ...	2014	24292543
occurrence, source, and human infection potential of cryptosporidium and enterocytozoon bieneusi in drinking source water in shanghai, china, during a pig carcass disposal incident.	in march 2013, thousands of domestic pig carcasses were found floating in the huangpu river, a drinking source water in shanghai, china. to investigate the impact of the pig carcass incident on microbial water quality, 178 river water samples were collected from the upper huangpu river from march 2013 to march 2014. samples were concentrated by calcium carbonate flocculation and examined for host-adapted cryptosporidium and enterocytozoon bieneusi by ploymerase chain reaction (pcr). positive pcr ...	2014	25383482
genetic relatedness of brucella suis biovar 2 isolates from hares, wild boars and domestic pigs.	porcine brucellosis generally manifests as disorders in reproductive organs potentially leading to serious losses in the swine industry. brucella suis biovar 2 is endemic in european wild boar (sus scrofa) and hare (lepus europeus, lepus capensis) populations, thus these species may play a significant role in disease spread and serve as potential sources of infection for domestic pigs. the aim of this study was an epidemiologic analysis of porcine brucellosis in hungary and a comparative analysi ...	2014	24962519
shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli in swine: the public health perspective.	shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) strains are food-borne pathogens that are an important public health concern. stec infection is associated with severe clinical diseases in human beings, including hemorrhagic colitis (hc) and hemolytic uremic syndrome (hus), which can lead to kidney failure and death. cattle are the most important stec reservoir. however, a number of stec outbreaks and hus cases have been attributed to pork products. in swine, stec strains are known to be associated ...	2014	24397985
a serological survey for antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) in domestic pigs during outbreaks in kenya.	foot-and-mouth disease (fmd) is endemic in kenya and has been well studied in cattle, but not in pigs, yet the role of pigs is recognised in fmd-free areas. this study investigated the presence of antibodies against fmd virus (fmdv) in pigs sampled during a countrywide random survey for fmd in cattle coinciding with sat 1 fmdv outbreaks in cattle. a total of 191 serum samples were collected from clinically healthy pigs in 17 districts. forty-two of the 191 sera were from pigs vaccinated against ...	2014	24442573
genomic analysis of influenza a virus from captive wild boars in brazil reveals a human-like h1n2 influenza virus.	influenza is a viral disease that affects human and several animal species. in brazil, h1n1, h3n2 and 2009 pandemic h1n1 a(h1n1)pdm09 influenza a viruses (iav) circulate in domestic swine herds. wild boars are also susceptible to iav infection but in brazil until this moment there are no reports of iav infection in wild boars or in captive wild boars populations. herein the occurrence of iav in captive wild boars with the presence of lung consolidation lesions during slaughter was investigated. ...	2014	24238665
features of hepatitis e virus infection in humans and animals in japan.	in japan, hepatitis e had long been considered to be a rare liver disease which can be accidentally imported from endemic countries in asia and africa, where the sanitation conditions are suboptimal. however, since the identification of the first autochthonous hepatitis e case and hepatitis e viremic domestic pigs in japan in 2001, our understanding of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in this country has been changing markedly. this has largely been due to the development of serological and gen ...	2014	23721425
first report of hepatitis e virus circulation in domestic pigs in nigeria.	hepatitis e virus (hev) is an important cause of acute hepatitis in humans. zoonotic transmission between pigs and humans has been confirmed. human hev infection is common in nigeria; however, characterization of hev infection in other species was lacking. the objective of this study was to investigate hev infection in nigerian pigs. a total of 286 serum samples from six states in nigeria were tested for presence of anti-hev igg. ninety fecal samples from one of these states (plateau state) were ...	2014	25002299
detection of serum antibodies to hepatitis e virus in domestic pigs in italy using a recombinant swine hev capsid protein.	the hepatitis e virus (hev) has been detected in both humans and animals, particularly pigs, worldwide. several evidences, including human infection following consumption of raw contaminated meat, suggest a zoonotic transmission of hev. in italy, large circulation of genotype 3 hev has been reported in swine, and recent studies have confirmed the involvement of this genotype in autochthonous human cases.	2014	24934984
seroprevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev) in humans living in high pig density areas of germany.	an increase in acute autochthonous hepatitis e virus (hev) infections has been recorded in germany. these are suspected to be zoonotically transmitted from wild boar, deer and domestic pig. the latter may represent a major reservoir for hev. in this study, 537 sera from humans living in westphalia and lower saxony, representing areas of high pig density in germany, were tested for the presence of hev-specific antibodies. among them were 302 individuals with occupational, direct contact to pigs a ...	2014	24744181
seroprevalence of hepatitis e virus in domestic pigs and wild boars in switzerland.	hepatitis e is considered an emerging human viral disease in industrialized countries. studies from switzerland report a human seroprevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev) of 2.6-21%, a range lower than in adjacent european countries. the aim of this study was to determine whether hev seroprevalence in domestic pigs and wild boars is also lower in switzerland and whether it is increasing and thus indicating that this zoonotic viral infection is emerging. serum samples collected from 2,001 pigs in 2 ...	2014	24499160
natural and experimental hepatitis e virus genotype 3-infection in european wild boar is transmissible to domestic pigs.	hepatitis e virus (hev) is the causative agent of acute hepatitis e in humans in developing countries, but sporadic and autochthonous cases do also occur in industrialised countries. in europe, food-borne zoonotic transmission of genotype 3 (gt3) has been associated with domestic pig and wild boar. however, little is known about the course of hev infection in european wild boar and their role in hev transmission to domestic pigs. to investigate the transmissibility and pathogenesis of wild boar- ...	2014	25421429
phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis e virus in domestic swine and wild boar in germany.	hepatitis e virus (hev) is an emerging non-enveloped positive strand rna virus with worldwide distribution that can cause acute liver disease in humans. the virus has also been detected in both domestic and wild animals. in this study we investigated the presence of hev in free-living wild boar as well as in domestic swine. a total of 105 domestic swine fecal samples and 124 wild boar sera were tested for the presence of hev rna by rt-pcr. a 241 nucleotide (nt) fragment from the capsid gene of h ...	2014	25287630
molecular epidemiology of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae from outbreaks of enzootic pneumonia in domestic pig and the role of wild boar.	mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the major cause of enzootic pneumonia (ep) in domestic pigs, a disease with low mortality but high morbidity, having a great economic impact for producers. in switzerland ep has been successfully eradicated, however, sporadic outbreaks are observed with no obvious source. besides the possibility of recurrent outbreaks due to persisting m. hyopneumoniae strains within the pig population, there is suspicion that wild boars might introduce m. hyopneumoniae into swine her ...	2014	25236987
detection of antibodies against paracoccidioides brasiliensis in free-range domestic pigs (sus scrofa).	paracoccidioidomycosis, caused by the thermodimorphic fungus paracoccidioides brasiliensis, is a human systemic mycosis prevalent in latin america. paracoccidioidomycosis affects mainly male rural workers, causing granulomatous lesions in several organs such as the lungs, liver and spleen. the participation of other animal species in the fungus epidemiology is not well understood. the objective of this study was to evaluate the infection of free-range domestic pigs by p. brasiliensis. serum samp ...	2014	24436011
impact of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) vaccination on boar semen quality and quantity using two different vaccines.	porcine circovirus type-2 (pcv2) is widespread in domestic pig populations. it can be shed with boar semen, but the role boars have in epidemiology is still unclear. vaccinating boars against pcv2 can reduce disease and virus load in semen, but may have unwanted side effects, that is, impairment of spermatogenesis. therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect and impact of two different pcv2 vaccines on boar semen quality and quantity. healthy normospermic large white boars in ...	2014	24954420
phylogenetic comparison of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) and porcine reproductive respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) strains detected in domestic pigs until 2008 and in 2012 in croatia.	porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) have been present for the last 2 decades in croatia, causing large economical losses in the pig production. the clinical features of the infections are mostly manifested by the development of respiratory problems, weight loss and poor growth performance, as well as reproductive failure in pregnant sows. even though the infections are continuously recognized in some regions in croatia, the heterogenei ...	2014	24839544
origin of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) from swine affected by pcv2-associated diseases in croatia.	porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) causes some of the most significant economic losses in pig production. several multisystemic syndromes have been attributed to pcv2 infection, which are known as pcv2-associated diseases (pcvds). this study investigated the origin and evolution of pcv2 sequences in domestic pigs and wild boars affected by pcvds in croatia. viral sequences were recovered from three wild boars diagnosed with pcv2-systemic disease (pcv2-sd), 63 fetuses positive for pcv2 dna as deter ...	2014	24591478
genetic characterization of porcine circovirus type 2 in the korean wild boar population.	the porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) has reached very high levels in the pig population in south korea and throughout the world since it was first described in the late 1990s. in this study, we found that the prevalence of pcv2 in the korean wild boar population was 4.98% (91/1825). interestingly, 19 pcv2 orf2 sequences that could be completely sequenced showed that they belonged only to genotype pcv2b, subgroup 1a/b (n=16) and 1c (n=3). we suggest that sites potentially under positive selection ...	2014	24480584
pelvi-caliceal collecting system in swine--authors own anatomical classification.	experiments on humans and their organs produce legal, moral and ethical dilemmas. nowadays, the use of domestic swine as an experimental animal is increasing steadily. thus it is important to know the structure and characteristics of swine organs.	2014	23214296
[intramural chronotopography of depolarization of myocardium of heart ventricles of pig (sus scrofa domesticus)].	sequence of depolarization of myocardium of pig heart ventricles was studied by the method of multichannel synchronous cardioelectrotopography. there is established formation of areas of early depolarization in subendocardium of interventricular septum and in the base of left ventricle papillary muscles; of multiple foci--in the depth of walls; of areas of late depolarization--in subepicardium of the left ventricle dorsolateral side. as compared with other species of ungulate animals (reindeer a ...	2014	25486814
expression of the myosin heavy chain iib gene in porcine skeletal muscle: the role of the carg-box promoter response element.	due to its similarity to humans, the pig is increasingly being considered as a good animal model for studying a range of human diseases. despite their physiological similarities, differential expression of the myosin heavy chain (myhc) iib gene (myh4) exists in the skeletal muscles of these species, which is associated with a different muscle phenotype. the expression of different myhc isoforms is a critical determinant of the contractile and metabolic characteristics of the muscle fibre. we aim ...	2014	25469802
analysis of spatio-temporal patterns of african swine fever cases in russian wild boar does not reveal an endemic situation.	african swine fever (asf) is a highly lethal viral disease of domestic pigs and wild boar. asf was introduced into the southern russian federation in 2007 and is now reported to be spreading in populations of wild and domestic suids. an endemic situation in the local wild boar population would significantly complicate management of the disease in the livestock population. to date no sound method exists for identifying the characteristic pattern of an endemic situation, which describes infection ...	2014	25205556
bone formation in peri-implant defects grafted with microparticles: a pilot animal experimental study.	this study aimed to evaluate the healing of peri-implant defects grafted with microparticles (mps).	2014	25131387
imaging rage expression in atherosclerotic plaques in hyperlipidemic pigs.	receptor for advanced glycated end product (rage) expression is a prominent feature of atherosclerosis. we have previously shown in apoe null mice uptake of a radiolabeled anti-rage antibody in atherosclerotic plaque and now evaluate rage-directed imaging to identify advanced plaques in a large animal model.	2014	25006545
characterization of swine leucocyte antigen alleles in a crossbred pig to be used in xenotransplant studies.	we have characterized swine leucocyte antigen (sla) classes i and ii molecules of a domestic pig as a model for use in our xenotransplant program. molecular characterization of the sla classes i and ii genes is critical to understanding the adaptive immune responses between swine and humans in the event of xenotransplantation. seven swine leucocyte antigen genes (sla-1, sla-2, sla-3, dqb1, drb1, dqa and dra) were analyzed and 15 alleles were identified. a novel dra*w04re01 is reported for this l ...	2014	25209617
location and pathogenic potential of blastocystis in the porcine intestine.	blastocystis is an ubiquitous, enteric protozoan of humans and many other species. human infection has been associated with gastrointestinal disease such as irritable bowel syndrome, however, this remains unproven. a relevant animal model is needed to investigate the pathogenesis/pathogenicity of blastocystis. we concluded previously that pigs are likely natural hosts of blastocystis with a potentially zoonotic, host-adapted subtype (st), st5, and may make suitable animal models. in this study, ...	2014	25093578
endoscopic band ligation for closure of gi perforations in a porcine animal model (with video).	gi perforations occur rarely during endoscopy but have life-threatening implications.	2014	25085337
patterns and risks of trichinella infection in humans and pigs in northern laos.	several outbreaks of trichinellosis associated with the consumption of raw pork have occurred in laos since 2004. this cross-sectional study was conducted in four provinces of northern laos to investigate the seroepidemiology of trichinellosis in the human population and determine the prevalence and species of trichinella infection in the domestic pig population. serum samples and questionnaire data were obtained from 1419 individuals. serum samples were tested for trichinella antibodies by elis ...	2014	25078088
illegitimate recombination between t cell receptor genes in humans and pigs (sus scrofa domestica).	t cell receptor (tcr) genes (tra/trd, trb and trg) reside in three regions on human chromosomes (14q11.2, 7q34 and 7p14, respectively) and pig chromosomes (7q15.3-q21, 18q11.3-q12 and 9q21-22, respectively). during the maturation of t cells, tcr genes are rearranged by site-specific recombination. occasionally, interlocus recombination of different tcr genes takes place, resulting in chromosome rearrangements. it has been suggested that the absolute number of these "innocent" trans-rearrangement ...	2014	25038896
minimally invasive convection-enhanced delivery of biologics into dorsal root ganglia: validation in the pig model and prospective modeling in humans. technical note.	dorsal root ganglia (drg) are critical anatomical structures involved in nociception. intraganglionic (ig) drug delivery is therefore an important route of administration for novel analgesic therapies. although ig injection in large animal models is highly desirable for preclinical biodistribution and toxicology studies of new drugs, no method to deliver pharmaceutical agents into the drg has been reported in any large species. the present study describes a minimally invasive technique of ig age ...	2014	24995785
newborn pig trachea cell line cultured in air-liquid interface conditions allows a partial in vitro representation of the porcine upper airway tissue.	the domestic pig is an excellent animal model to study human microbial diseases due to its similarity to humans in terms of anatomy, physiology, and genetics. we assessed the suitability of an in vitro air-liquid interface (ali) culture system for newborn pig trachea (nptr) cells as a practical tool for analyzing the immune response of respiratory epithelial cells to aggressors. this cell line offers a wide microbial susceptibility spectrum to both viruses and bacteria. the purpose of our study ...	2014	24885012
establishing a critical-size mandibular defect model in growing pigs: characterization of spontaneous healing.	a large animal model is desired for preclinical studies aimed at reconstructing severe mandibular skeletal defects using tissue engineering techniques. to identify the size and location requirements for a mandibular critical-size bone defect in growing pigs, the present study investigated the spontaneous healing of surgically created mandibular defects.	2014	24815793
the porcine innate immune system: an update.	over the last few years, we have seen an increasing interest and demand for pigs in biomedical research. domestic pigs (sus scrofa domesticus) are closely related to humans in terms of their anatomy, genetics, and physiology, and often are the model of choice for the assessment of novel vaccines and therapeutics in a preclinical stage. however, the pig as a model has much more to offer, and can serve as a model for many biomedical applications including aging research, medical imaging, and pharm ...	2014	24709051
characterization of porcine nlrp3 inflammasome activation and its upstream mechanism.	inflammasomes, which are intracellular sensors of endogenous or exogenous danger signals, activate caspase-1, resulting in interleukin (il)-1β maturation. although most studies on inflammasomes have been performed in human and/or mouse-derived macrophages, porcine inflammasome activation has not been elucidated even though pigs are considered one of the best animal models for translational and preclinical investigations. in this study, we optimized detection of porcine il-1β secretion, which is ...	2014	24691785
influence of hypotension and nerve root section on the ability to mobilize the spinal cord during spine surgery. an experimental study in a pig model.	the correction of severe spinal deformities by an isolated posterior approach often involves cord manipulation together with hypotensive anesthesia. to date, the efficiency of methods to increase the tolerance of the cord to displacement and the influence of hypotension on this tolerance is yet to be assessed.	2014	24333455
coexistence of multiple strains of porcine parvovirus 2 in pig farms.	the porcine parvovirus 2 (ppv2) genome was first identified in 2001 in myanmar. recently, the ppv2 genome has been found in several other countries. in this study, the prevalence of ppv2 in japanese domestic pigs was investigated and found to be 58% (69/120) in healthy domestic pigs and 100% (69/69) in sick domestic pigs. sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the pcr products of the vp1 gene and an almost full length ppv2 clone indicated that diverged ppv2 strains exist in japan. clearly disti ...	2014	24845822
genetic diversity of prrs virus collected from air samples in four different regions of concentrated swine production during a high incidence season.	porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) is one of the most relevant swine diseases in the us, costing the industry millions of dollars per year. unfortunately, disease control is difficult because of the virus dynamics, as prrs virus (prrsv) can be transmitted by air between farms, especially, in regions with high density of swine operations. while long distance airborne transport of prrsv has been reported, there is little information regarding the dynamics of prrsv airborne challe ...	2014	25405592
reston virus in domestic pigs in china.	historically, reston virus (restv) has been found to be associated with outbreaks of disease only in nonhuman primates. its spread to domestic pigs was reported for the first time in 2008. in this study, we report the discovery, molecular detection, and phylogenetic analysis of reston virus (restv) in domestic pigs in china. a total of 137 spleen specimens from pigs that died after showing typical clinical signs of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs), and for which infection wit ...	2014	22996641
genomic characterization of pseudorabies virus strains isolated in italy.	in this study, we undertook the genomic characterization of 54 pseudorabies virus (prv) strains isolated in italy during 1984-2010. the characterization was based on partial sequencing of the ul44 (gc) and us8 (ge) genes; 44 strains (38 for gene ge and 36 for gc) were isolated on pig farms; 9 originated from dogs and 1 from cattle. these porcine prv strains, which were closely related to those isolated in europe and america in the last 20 years, and the bovine strain bovine/it/2441/1992 belong t ...	2014	23331342
characterisation of pseudorabies virus in domestic pigs and wild boars in croatia.	serological data imply that pseudorabies (aujeszky's disease) is present in domestic pigs and wild boars in croatia. therefore, this study included testing of brain tissue samples collected from 200 domestic pigs and 105 wild boars originating from seventeen districts of croatia. the presence of pseudorabies virus (prv) dna was confirmed in samples originating from six domestic pigs (3%) and one wild boar (0.95%). positive samples were sequenced and analysed on the basis of a gc genome fragment. ...	2014	25410393
molecular characterization of belgian pseudorabies virus isolates from domestic swine and wild boar.	aujeszky's disease is an economically important disease in domestic swine caused by suid herpesvirus 1, also called pseudorabies virus (prv). in several european countries, including belgium, the virus has successfully been eradicated from the domestic swine population. the presence of prv in the wild boar population however poses a risk for possible reintroduction of the virus into the domestic pig population. it is therefore important to assess the genetic relatedness between circulating strai ...	2014	24908275
molecular typing of streptococcus suis isolates from iberian pigs: a comparison with isolates from common intensively-reared commercial pig breeds.	the iberian pig (ip) is a traditional spanish breed variety of the domestic pig (sus scrofa domesticus) with high economic importance because of the value of the dry-cured products in national and international markets. the genetic characteristics of tonsillar and clinical streptococcus suis isolates from the ip maintained under extensive or intensive management conditions were investigated. s. suis isolates from ip pigs were compared with s. suis isolates from intensively-farmed pigs of common ...	2014	25458888
surveillance of feral swine for trichinella spp. and toxoplasma gondii in the usa and host-related factors associated with infection.	trichinella spp. and toxoplasma gondii are important zoonotic parasites that infect warm blooded animals and humans worldwide. among domesticated food animals, pigs are the main host for trichinella spiralis. pigs, chickens, sheep, and goats are known to be infected with t. gondii at varying rates, depending on husbandry. infections in wildlife with these parasites are generally higher than in domesticated species. feral swine act as reservoirs of infection in the sylvatic ecosystem for trichine ...	2014	25182211
isolation and pathogenicity of toxoplasma gondii in naturally infected (rustic farm) pigs in southern brazil.	this study reported a serological test for toxoplasma gondii infection in 100 pigs from 58 rural farms in the state of rio grande do sul, brazil. thirty-six pigs were seropositive (ifat≥1:64). bioassays were performed for all 36 seropositive pigs, and 17 isolates were obtained (47.2%). seven of these isolates (41.2%) were highly pathogenic to mice, as clinical signs of acute infection were observed, and tachyzoites were found in the peritoneal exudates, livers, and lungs. the remaining 10 isolat ...	2014	24612744
seroprevalence and correlates of toxoplasma gondii infection in domestic pigs in veracruz state, mexico.	toxoplasma gondii infection in pigs has epidemiological concern for its contributing role in human infections. we determined seroprevalence of t. gondii infection in 402 domestic pigs raised in backyards in veracruz state, mexico using the modified agglutination test (mat; cut off 1:25); 182 (45.3%) of the 402 pigs were seropositive with mat titers of 1:25 in 28, 1:50 in 22, 1:100 in 18, 1:200 in 30, 1:400 in 35, 1:800 in 23, 1:1,600 in 11, and 1:3,200 or higher in 15. seropositive pigs were fou ...	2014	24510223
outbreak of trichinella spiralis infections associated with a wild boar hunted at a game farm in iowa.	rates of trichinellosis have declined significantly in the united states due to improved pork production practices and public awareness of the danger of eating raw or undercooked pork. in april 2011, the minnesota department of health received a report of presumptive trichinellosis in a 50-year-old man with a history of wild boar consumption. a public health investigation was initiated.	2014	25214511
european mustelids occupying pristine wetlands in the danube delta are infected with trichinella likely derived from domesticated swine.	abstract we analyzed 32 specimens from nine species of mustelidae for trichinella; six infections from two trichinella species were observed from three host species. this provides documentation of trichinella in mustela erminea and martes foina in romania and trichinella spiralis in a mustelid host from europe. trichinella spiralis continues to be a public challenge characterized by a wide host range and geographical distribution ( pozio 2007 ). during the past 20 yr, romania has had the most re ...	2014	25121406
feral pigs as hosts for amblyomma sculptum (acari: ixodidae) populations in the pantanal, mato grosso do sul, brazil.	the pantanal in brazil is the largest floodplain of the world. this ecosystem, rich in wildlife, has a large feral pig population. such a large host biomass must have a strong influence on the parasite fauna. in this work, we evaluated the role of feral pigs in the maintenance of amblyomma sculptum (formerly amblyomma cajennense), the most prevalent tick species in the pantanal. tick infestations were evaluated on 243 feral pigs and their environment. the suitability of domestic pigs, representi ...	2014	25037743
molecular epizootiology and diagnosis of porcine babesiosis in sardinia, italy.	the recent characterization of the 18s ribosomal rna (rrna) of a pathogenic babesia species in a domestic sow paved the way for establishing diagnostic and epidemiological tools for porcine babesiosis. here, we developed the first specific babesia sp. suis pcr, and we applied this test to a panel of samples collected from animals living in a typical mediterranean environment (sardinia, italy), including domestic pigs, wild boars, and ticks. in domestic pigs, pcr coupled with sequencing revealed ...	2014	25325315
expression of nk1 receptor at the protein and mrna level in the porcine female reproductive system.	the presence and distribution of substance p (sp) receptor nk1 was studied in the ovary, the oviduct and the uterus (uterine horn and cervix) of the domestic pig using the methods of molecular biology (rt-pcr and immunoblot) and immunohistochemistry. the expression of nk1 receptor at mrna level was confirmed with rt-pcr in all the studied parts of the porcine female reproductive system by the presence of 525 bp pcr product and at the protein level by the detection of 46 kda protein band in immun ...	2014	25286656
comamonas faecalis sp. nov., isolated from domestic pig feces.	a new bacterial strain, designated as ff42(t), was isolated from feces of domestic pigs-collected from suwon, korea-and was characterized to determine its taxonomic position. strain ff42(t) was observed to be gram negative, aerobic, non-spore forming, motile, and rod-shaped cells. based on the phylogenetic and 16s rrna sequence analyses, it was revealed that strain ff42(t) belonged to the genus comamonas. the highest degree of sequence similarities was determined to be with comamonas zonglianii ...	2014	24633862
reproductive technologies and the porcine embryonic transcriptome.	the domestic pig is not only an economically-important livestock species, but also an increasingly recognized biomedical animal model due to its physiological similarities with humans. as a result, there is a strong interest in the factors that affect the efficient production of viable embryos and offspring in the pig using either in vivo or in vitro production methods. the application of assisted reproductive technologies (art) has the potential to increase reproductive efficiency in livestock. ...	2014	24953007
variation in mitochondrial minichromosome composition between blood-sucking lice of the genus haematopinus that infest horses and pigs.	the genus haematopinus contains 21 species of blood-sucking lice, parasitizing both even-toed ungulates (pigs, cattle, buffalo, antelopes, camels and deer) and odd-toed ungulates (horses, donkeys and zebras). the mitochondrial genomes of the domestic pig louse, haematopinus suis, and the wild pig louse, haematopinus apri, have been sequenced recently; both lice have fragmented mitochondrial genomes with 37 genes on nine minichromosomes. to understand whether the composition of mitochondrial mini ...	2014	24690192
immunohistochemical and functional analysis of ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (cd39) and ecto-5'-nucleotidase (cd73) in pig aortic valves.	extracellular nucleotides control mechanisms such as thrombosis or inflammation that are important in several pathologies, including heart valve disease and calcification. ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (entpd1, cd39) and ecto-5'-nucleotidase (e5nt, cd73) are ectoenzymes that convert adenosine triphosphate to adenosine diphosphate, adenosine monophosphate and finally to adenosine. changes in activities of these enzymes influence extracellular nucleotide concentrations and there ...	2014	24940684
complete sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of porcine kobuvirus in domestic pigs in northwest china.	porcine kobuvirus, a member of the genus kobuvirus that is associated with diarrhea, has been reported in many countries. we determined the complete genome sequence and investigated the genetic evolution of the kobuvirus strain swkov ch441, which was detected in the highland of gansu province in northwest china. the viral genome is 8149 nucleotides (nt) long, including a 29-nt poly(a) tail of the 3' end, and is 90 nt shorter in the 2b coding region than those of other kobuvirus strains whose seq ...	2014	24777826
scabies mites alter the skin microbiome and promote growth of opportunistic pathogens in a porcine model.	the resident skin microbiota plays an important role in restricting pathogenic bacteria, thereby protecting the host. scabies mites (sarcoptes scabiei) are thought to promote bacterial infections by breaching the skin barrier and excreting molecules that inhibit host innate immune responses. epidemiological studies in humans confirm increased incidence of impetigo, generally caused by staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pyogenes, secondary to the epidermal infestation with the parasitic mite ...	2014	24875186
the relationship between parasite fitness and host condition in an insect--virus system.	research in host-parasite evolutionary ecology has demonstrated that environmental variation plays a large role in mediating the outcome of parasite infection. for example, crowding or low food availability can reduce host condition and make them more vulnerable to parasite infection. this observation that poor-condition hosts often suffer more from parasite infection compared to healthy hosts has led to the assumption that parasite productivity is higher in poor-condition hosts. however, the ub ...	2014	25208329
fine-mapping qtls in advanced intercross lines and other outbred populations.	quantitative genetic studies in model organisms, particularly in mice, have been extremely successful in identifying chromosomal regions that are associated with a wide variety of behavioral and other traits. however, it is now widely understood that identification of the underlying genes will be far more challenging. in the last few years, a variety of populations have been utilized in an effort to more finely map these chromosomal regions with the goal of identifying specific genes. the common ...	2014	24906874
epidemiology of pathogenic enterobacteria in humans, livestock, and peridomestic rodents in rural madagascar.	among the families of enteric bacteria are globally important diarrheal agents. despite their potential for zoonotic and environmental transmission, few studies have examined the epidemiology of these pathogens in rural systems characterized by extensive overlap among humans, domesticated and peridomestic animals. we investigated patterns of infection with enterotoxigenic escherichia coli, shigella spp., salmonella enterica, vibrio cholerae, and yersinia spp. (enterocolitica, and pseudotuberculo ...	2014	24983990
characterisation of the active/de-active transition of mitochondrial complex i.	oxidation of nadh in the mitochondrial matrix of aerobic cells is catalysed by mitochondrial complex i. the regulation of this mitochondrial enzyme is not completely understood. an interesting characteristic of complex i from some organisms is the ability to adopt two distinct states: the so-called catalytically active (a) and the de-active, dormant state (d). the a-form in situ can undergo de-activation when the activity of the respiratory chain is limited (i.e. in the absence of oxygen). the m ...	2014	24569053
effect of gaseous ozone exposure on the bacteria counts and oxidative properties of ground hanwoo beef at refrigeration temperature.	this study was designed to elucidate the effect of ozone exposure on the bacteria counts and oxidative properties of ground hanwoo beef contaminated with escherichia coli o157:h7 at refrigeration temperature. ground beef was inoculated with 7 log cfu/g of e. coli o157:h7 isolated from domestic pigs and was then subjected to ozone exposure (10×10(-6) kg o3 h(-1)) at 4℃ for 3 d. e. coli o157:h7, total aerobic and anaerobic bacterial growth and oxidative properties including instrumental color chan ...	2014	26761291
decomposition odour profiling in the air and soil surrounding vertebrate carrion.	chemical profiling of decomposition odour is conducted in the environmental sciences to detect malodourous target sources in air, water or soil. more recently decomposition odour profiling has been employed in the forensic sciences to generate a profile of the volatile organic compounds (vocs) produced by decomposed remains. the chemical profile of decomposition odour is still being debated with variations in the voc profile attributed to the sample collection technique, method of chemical analy ...	2014	24740412
molecular characterization of african swine fever virus from domestic pigs in northern tanzania during an outbreak in 2013.	african swine fever (asf) is an acute, highly contagious and deadly viral hemorrhagic fever of domestic pigs caused by african swine fever virus (asfv), a double-stranded dna virus of the family asfarviridae. in this study, molecular diagnosis and characterization of outbreak asfv in northern tanzania, was performed on spleen, lymph node, kidney, and heart samples collected in june and july 2013 from domestic pigs that died during a hemorrhagic disease outbreak. confirmatory diagnosis of asf was ...	2014	24996815
spatial multi-criteria decision analysis to predict suitability for african swine fever endemicity in africa.	african swine fever (asf) is endemic in several countries of africa and may pose a risk to all pig producing areas on the continent. official asf reporting is often rare and there remains limited awareness of the continent-wide distribution of the disease.in the absence of accurate asf outbreak data and few quantitative studies on the epidemiology of the disease in africa, we used spatial multi-criteria decision analysis (mcda) to derive predictions of the continental distribution of suitability ...	2014	24406022
identification of blood meal sources of lutzomyia longipalpis using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the cytochrome b gene.	an analysis of the dietary content of haematophagous insects can provide important information about the transmission networks of certain zoonoses. the present study evaluated the potential of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome b (cytb) gene to differentiate between vertebrate species that were identified as possible sources of sandfly meals. the complete cytb gene sequences of 11 vertebrate species available in ...	2014	24821056
lateral geniculate body evoked potentials elicited by visual and electrical stimulation.	blind individuals who have photoreceptor loss are known to perceive phosphenes with electrical stimulation of their remaining retinal ganglion cells. we proposed that implantable lateral geniculate body (lgb) stimulus electrode arrays could be used to generate phosphene vision. we attempted to refine the basic reference of the electrical evoked potentials (eeps) elicited by microelectrical stimulations of the optic nerve, optic tract and lgb of a domestic pig, and then compared it to visual evok ...	2014	25120343
genetic structure of wild boar (sus scrofa) populations from east asia based on microsatellite loci analyses.	wild boar, sus scrofa, is an extant wild ancestor of the domestic pig as an agro-economically important mammal. wild boar has a worldwide distribution with its geographic origin in southeast asia, but genetic diversity and genetic structure of wild boar in east asia are poorly understood. to characterize the pattern and amount of genetic variation and population structure of wild boar in east asia, we genotyped and analyzed microsatellite loci for a total of 238 wild boar specimens from ten loca ...	2014	25034725
genomic analysis reveals selection for asian genes in european pigs following human-mediated introgression.	the independent domestication of local wild boar populations in asia and europe about 10,000 years ago led to distinct european and asian pig breeds, each with very different phenotypic characteristics. during the industrial revolution, chinese breeds were imported to europe to improve commercial traits in european breeds. here we demonstrate the presence of introgressed asian haplotypes in european domestic pigs and selection signatures on some loci in these regions, using whole genome sequence ...	2014	25025832
stereological estimation of total cell numbers in the human cerebral and cerebellar cortex.	our knowledge of the relationship between brain structure and cognitive function is still limited. human brains and individual cortical areas vary considerably in size and shape. studies of brain cell numbers have historically been based on biased methods, which did not always result in correct estimates and were often very time-consuming. within the last 20-30 years, it has become possible to rely on more advanced and unbiased methods. these methods have provided us with information about fetal ...	2014	25076882
complete genome sequences of two central european brucella suis bv. 2 haplotype 2c strains isolated from wild boars.	the brucella suis haplotype 2c is commonly isolated from wild boars and domestic pigs across central europe, though it is rarely described in the iberian peninsula. we report here the complete and annotated genome sequences of two haplotype 2c strains isolated from wild boars in the northeast region of spain, above the ebro river.	2014	25013144
design and development of exome capture sequencing for the domestic pig (sus scrofa).	the domestic pig (sus scrofa) is both an important livestock species and a model for biomedical research. exome sequencing has accelerated identification of protein-coding variants underlying phenotypic traits in human and mouse. we aimed to develop and validate a similar resource for the pig.	2014	24988888
metallothioneins, unconventional proteins from unconventional animals: a long journey from nematodes to mammals.	metallothioneins (mts) are ubiquitous low molecular weight cysteine-rich proteins characterized by high affinity for d10 electron configuration metals, including essential (zn and cu) and non-essential (cd and hg) trace elements. the biological role of these ancient and well-conserved multifunctional proteins has been debated since mts were first discovered in 1957. their main hypothesized functions are: (1) homeostasis of zn and cu; (2) detoxification of cd, and hg; and (3) free radical scaveng ...	2014	24970224
cone photoreceptors develop normally in the absence of functional rod photoreceptors in a transgenic swine model of retinitis pigmentosa.	human and swine retinas have morphological and functional similarities. in the absence of primate models, the swine is an attractive model to study retinal function and disease, with its cone-rich visual streak, our ability to manipulate their genome, and the differences in susceptibility of rod and cone photoreceptors to disease. we characterized the normal development of cone function and its subsequent decline in a p23h rhodopsin transgenic (tgp23h) miniswine model of autosomal dominant rp.	2014	24618325