Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| biochemical differentiation between enterotoxigenic heat-sensitive and heat-resistant clostridium perfringens strains. | some biochemical characteristics of 37 enterotoxigenic clostridium perfringens strains isolated from human feces, ground beef, and soil samples by heat-selection methods and of two nctc strains were studied. two different biochemical patterns closely related to the heat resistance of the strains were found. the strains placed into group 1 were trehalose, inositol, and sorbitol negative and synthesized heat-resistant spores, while those placed into group 2 were trehalose and inositol positive and ... | 1986 | 2872579 |
| [clostridium perfringens and gas gangrene]. | 1986 | 2872759 | |
| colostral transfer of clostridium perfringens type c beta antitoxin in swine. | nine bred gilts were vaccinated with 2 doses of a clostridium perfringens type c toxoid at a 5-week interval. time of vaccination during gestation differed among the gilts. clostridium perfringens beta antitoxin in colostral samples and in serum samples was titrated in mice. blood was collected from 2 to 5 neonatal pigs from each dam (total = 32 pigs) when the pigs were 36 to 48 hours old. antitoxin titers in colostrum were 123 to 4.5 iu/ml, indicating considerable variation in individual respon ... | 1986 | 2872843 |
| effect of membrane perturbation on protein kinase c activation: treatment with exogenous phospholipase c decreases translocation of enzyme to cellular membranes. | incubation of mouse epidermal hel-37 cells with c. perfringens phospholipase c for 30 min caused a partial loss of protein kinase c activity after 30 min incubation. essentially all the kinase activity was present in the cytosolic fraction of both control and treated cells, despite the continued hydrolysis of phospholipid by the exogenous phospholipase. at shorter incubation times with phospholipase c (5 and 10 min) an association of protein kinase with particulate material was observed, presuma ... | 1986 | 2872887 |
| activation of phosphatidic acid metabolism of human erythrocyte membranes by perfringolysin o. | the effect of perfringolysin o on the lipid metabolism of human erythrocyte membranes was investigated. erythrocytes were prelabeled with [3h]arachidonic acid and [32p]inorganic phosphate. in the presence of calcium ion(5.5 mm), the effect of perfringolysin o on lipid metabolism was very similar to that of an calcium-ionophore a23187. in the absence of calcium ion, the accumulation of phosphatidic acid and its following decreasing trend were observed during the reaction with the toxin. such chan ... | 1986 | 2872892 |
| hemorrhagic enteritis caused by clostridium perfringens type c in a foal. | a 4-day-old foal died with bloody diarrhea. using a mouse neutralization test, clostridium perfringens type c was isolated from intestinal contents, and alpha and beta toxins were identified. about 4 m of the jejunum had severe necrohemorrhagic enteritis. microscopically, large, rod-shaped, gram-positive bacteria were seen on necrotic intestinal villi by use of brown and hopp's stains. | 1986 | 2873119 |
| toxin-types of clostridium perfringens strains isolated from sheep, cattle and paddock soils in nigeria. | two-hundred and forty-five strains of clostridium perfringens isolated from the faeces of apparently healthy sheep and cattle and from their environments (paddock soils) in kano and kaduna states of nigeria were studied. the isolates were examined by the toxin-antitoxin neutralisation tests performed intradermally in depilated albino guinea-pigs. one-hundred and twenty-seven (53.1%) of the isolates were type a, 17 (7.1%) were type b, 14 (4.9%) were type c, 44 (18.4%) were type d and 19 (7.9%) we ... | 1986 | 2873674 |
| degradation of pig gastric and colonic mucins by bacteria isolated from the pig colon. | mucin degradation was studied with one clostridium (rs42) and two bacteroides (rs2 and rs13) strains isolated from the pig colon mucosa. mucins from pig colon and stomach were prepared in their subunit forms for use as growth substrates, and the loss of the individual sugars from the mucins was measured after bacterial growth. colonic mucin was more resistant to degradation than gastric mucin. the strains differed in their competence in degrading the mucins. carbohydrate plus sulfate removal fro ... | 1986 | 2873788 |
| modified plasmid isolation method for clostridium perfringens and clostridium absonum. | a rapid plasmid isolation procedure for clostridium perfringens and c. absonum is described. the ratio of culture volume to lysis buffer volume was found to be crucial for efficient plasmid isolation. the method can be scaled up, without difficulty, for large-scale plasmid preparation. | 1986 | 2873789 |
| lethal effect of butylated hydroxyanisole as related to bacterial fatty acid composition. | bacillus cereus, clostridium perfringens, staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas fluorescens, pseudomonas fragi, escherichia coli, and salmonella "anatum" were challenged with butylated hydroxyanisole (bha). susceptibility was measured as the concentration of bha required to cause a 90% reduction in bacterial survivors. staphylococcus aureus lp and p. fragi were two of the most resistant species examined; c. perfringens and p. fluorescens were the most susceptible. gram stain reaction was found not ... | 1986 | 2873790 |
| factors controlling the size of dna loops in frog embryos and friend erythroleukemia cells. | measurements were made of the average size of fluorescent halos of nucleoids of developing frog embryos, mouse fibroblasts (a9 cells) and friend erythroleukemia cells cultured with various compounds. these halos are thought to represent relaxed lengths of loops of dna attached to the nuclear matrix. measurement of transcription of rna from nuclei in vitro suggested that cells with more loops (smaller halos) had more initiation sites for transcription. dna loop number decreases during development ... | 1986 | 2873897 |
| mycotic right coronary artery aneurysm: ct and mr diagnosis. | a clostridial mycotic aneurysm of the right coronary artery was diagnosed by the use of multiple imaging modalities including gated magnetic resonance imaging. percutaneous drainage was performed as a palliative measure in hope of avoiding repeat sternotomy. | 1986 | 2874161 |
| large outbreaks of clostridium perfringens food poisoning associated with the consumption of boiled salmon. | five large outbreaks of food poisoning are described in which clinical, epidemiological or laboratory data indicated clostridium perfringens as the causative organism. the foodstuff common to all incidents was boiled salmon served cold as an hors d 'oeuvre. in all cases the fish had been subject to a long period of cooling or storage between boiling and consumption. it is thought that multiplication of the organism occurred during this time. recommendations are made for the avoidance of further ... | 1986 | 2874173 |
| [trials of immunostimulation of an antitoxic response with levamisole in the immunization of sheep with a combined clostridial vaccine]. | comparative investigations were carried out on the antibody level in test animals--sheep, vaccinated with a polyvaccine against c and d enterotoxemia and necrotic hepatitis as well as in combined application with levamisol. it was found that with the use of the preparation the stimulation of immunogenesis with type d and necrotic hepatitis--type b antigens (included in the composition of the polyvaccine) was enhanced. no stimulation of immunogenesis with the type c specific antigen was found wit ... | 1986 | 2874649 |
| an immobilized bienzyme system for assay of sialic acid. | sialic acid has been assayed enzymatically by an immobilized two-enzyme system. the method includes cleavage of sialic acid to pyruvic acid by n-acetylneuraminic acid (nana) aldolase and reduction of pyruvic acid by lactate dehydrogenase in the presence of nadh, which is followed photometrically at 349 nm. for the membrane preparation 5 units of lactate dehydrogenase and 1 unit of nana-aldolase were used. the ph optimum of the reaction using potassium phosphate buffer was 7.0. this two-enzyme me ... | 1986 | 2874818 |
| experimental production of hemorrhagic enterotoxemia by clostridium perfringens type c in maturing lambs. | maturing lambs, eight to nine months old, were dosed by the intraduodenal route with various preparations of clostridium perfringens type c. whole cultures of this organism or cells suspended in fresh medium, both supplemented with soybean flour as a protease inhibitor, produced acute fatal hemorrhagic enterotoxemia in these animals. the latter preparation was more effective than the former in causing disease. without the soybean supplement the inocula did not produce fatal disease. dosing with ... | 1986 | 2874878 |
| scaled-up production and purification of clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin. | methods for small-scale production of clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin were unsuitable for large-scale culture of this organism. rapid, efficient harvesting of 40 1 batch culture of cl. perfringens was achieved by tangential flow micro-filtration with the millipore pellicon cassette system. enterotoxin-containing extracts were prepared by passing concentrated suspensions of the harvested cells through a french pressure cell. the overall yield of purified enterotoxin was 38.8%. the toxi ... | 1986 | 2875051 |
| potent antagonism of escherichia coli, bacteroides ovatus, fusobacterium varium, and enterococcus faecalis, alone or in combination, for enteropathogens in anaerobic continuous flow cultures. | interactions between representative strains of four predominant resident bacteria of the human colon, escherichia coli, enterococcus faecalis, bacteroides ovatus, and fusobacterium varium, and strains of seven enteropathogens, yersinia enterocolitica, shigella flexneri, salmonella typhimurium, vibrio parahaemolyticus, v. cholerae serogroup non o1, staphylococcus aureus, and clostridium perfringens, were examined in studies with an anaerobic continuous flow culture system and medium resembling th ... | 1986 | 2875188 |
| effects of phospholipases c on the beta-receptor-adenylate cyclase system of chick erythrocyte membranes. | the beta-adrenergic receptor located in chick erythrocyte membranes was characterized using (-)-[3h]-dihydroalprenolol ([3h]-dha) with rapid filtration techniques. the affinity of beta-adrenergic antagonist, (-)-propranolol, was approximately 100-fold higher than that of (+)-propranolol. catecholamines were bound with the receptor in the following order, (-)-isoproterenol greater than (-)-norepinephrine greater than (-)-epinephrine, suggested the binding site to be beta 1-classification. when th ... | 1986 | 2875718 |
| susceptibility of clostridium perfringens type a to 23 antimicrobial drugs. | a total of 106 strains of clostridium perfringens type a, that had been isolated very recently from faecal cultures of healthy adults, were examined for susceptibility to 23 antimicrobial drugs (agar dilution method). all strains were susceptible to ampicillin, cefazolin, cefotaxime, cefotetan, cefoxitin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, fusidic acid, imipenem, metronidazole, mezlocillin, ofloxacin, penicillin g, piperacillin, teicoplanin, and vancomycin. teicoplanin and imipenem were the most active ... | 1986 | 2875853 |
| clostridium perfringens type c enterotoxemia in a newborn foal. | a 1-day old, full-term foal with a history of colic died 2 hours after admission. necropsy revealed an extremely flaccid, fluid-filled intestinal tract. histopathologically, the superficial intestinal mucosa was completely necrotic, with minimal inflammatory response. numerous large, gram-positive rods covered the villi. clostridium perfringens was isolated on bacteriologic culturing of the intestinal tract contents and was identified as type c by toxin neutralization tests. | 1986 | 2875986 |
| influence of the amino acid moiety on deconjugation of bile acid amidates by cholylglycine hydrolase or human fecal cultures. | the influence of the chemical structure of the amino acid (or amino acid analogue) moiety of a number of synthetic cholyl amidates on deconjugation by cholylglycine hydrolase from clostridium perfringens was studied in vitro at ph 5.4. conjugates with alkyl homologues of glycine were hydrolyzed more slowly as the number of methylene units increased (cholylglycine greater than cholyl-beta-alanine greater than cholyl-gamma-aminobutyrate). in contrast, for conjugates with the alkyl homologues of ta ... | 1986 | 2876046 |
| the significance of clostridial isolates in intra-abdominal sepsis. | in order to evaluate the significance of clostridial species in intra-abdominal infections, the bacteriology records of three hospitals were reviewed during a period of five years. included in this report were 41 patients from whom clostridial species were recovered from specimens of free peritoneal fluid, abscess cavities or bile. seven patients died for a mortality rate of 17.1 per cent. most patients had polymicrobial infections of which clostridial organisms were one of the several anaerobes ... | 1986 | 2876527 |
| [enterotoxemia in newborn calves due to cl. perfringens types a, c and d]. | the clinical symptoms and the morphologic picture of calf enterotoxemia are described. studied were a total of thirty-two dead and slaughtered animals. bacteriologically, the disease was shown to be caused by types a, d, and c of clostridium perfringens. types c and d proved pathogenic for guinea pigs, while type a did not. isolated was a strain of clostridium perfringens, which had high toxigenicity. it was found that calves were fairly often affected with the disease. most severe were the infe ... | 1986 | 2876542 |
| anaerobic infections in childhood. | bacteroides melaninogenicus and bacteroides oralis are predominant anaerobes in orofacial infections and aspiration pneumonia. fusobacterium species are common pathogens in aspiration pneumonia, brain abscesses and orofacial infections. clostridium perfringens can cause bacteremia and wound infections. clostridium botulinum can produce a paralytic toxin that causes a paralytic syndrome in infants. clostridium difficile can cause diarrhea or antibiotic-associated colitis. | 1986 | 2876620 |
| [methodological approaches to the rapid determination of the sensitivity of the causative agent of gas gangrene to antibiotics]. | the results of the studies on development of a rapid assay of antibiotic sensitivity of gas gangrene causative agents with their high nutrient requirements under obligatory anaerobiosis are summarized. the data on development of a uniform standard nutrient medium with the use of dry components made in the ussr are presented for the first time. the medium is intended for rapid assay of antibiotic sensitivity of the main causative agents of gas gangrene, i.e. c. perfringens, c. oedematiens, c. his ... | 1986 | 2876676 |
| changes in the cell wall of clostridium species following passage in animals. | morphological changes in clostridial isolates after animal passage with other flora in mixed infections were studied by utilizing a subcutaneous abscess model in mice. we used 26 isolates of 7 clostridial species, and one isolate each of bacteroides fragilis and klebsiella pneumoniae. abscesses were induced by all 7 clostridium perfringens and 3 clostridium butyricum isolates and by some of the other isolates. a thick granular wall prior to animal inoculation was shown only in c. perfringens, c. ... | 1986 | 2876678 |
| enterotoxin synthesis by nonsporulating cultures of clostridium perfringens. | chemostat-cultured clostridium perfringens atcc 3624 and nctc 10240, and a nonsporulating mutant strain, 8-5, produced enterotoxin in the absence of sporulation when cultured in a chemically defined medium at a 0.084-h-1 dilution rate at 37 degrees c. the enterotoxin was detected by serological and biological assays. examination of the chemostat cultures by electron microscopy did not reveal sporulation at any stage. the culture maintained enterotoxigenicity throughout cultivation in a continuou ... | 1986 | 2876679 |
| necrotic enteritis in cage-reared commercial layer pullets. | necropsy of five 12-week-old pullets from a flock of 99,300 suffering from an increased mortality rate revealed enlarged, gas-filled intestines, the mucosal surfaces of which had the "dirty turkish towel" appearance typical of necrotic enteritis. although the pullets had been raised entirely in cages, intestinal scrapings revealed the presence of eimeria maxima. histopathological findings were compatible with necrotic enteritis. clostridium perfringens was isolated by anaerobic culture from the ... | 1986 | 2876698 |
| anaerobic bacterial infections and response to treatment in dogs and cats: 36 cases (1983-1985). | anaerobic bacteria have been increasingly implicated as important pathogens in animals. to determine the prevalence of anaerobic bacterial infection, the results of anaerobic bacteriologic culture of 599 specimens obtained from dogs and cats hospitalized at the colorado state university veterinary teaching hospital were reviewed. obligate anaerobic bacteria were isolated from 35% of properly submitted specimens; bacteroides spp and fusobacterium spp were the organisms most commonly isolated. inf ... | 1986 | 2876976 |
| comparative study on the immunogenic properties of clostridium perfringens type a toxoid. | the paper presents the results of a study on the immunogenic properties of toxoid preparations from cl. perfringens type a obtained using the routine method of detoxifying alpha = toxin in the culture medium (commercial preparations) and by means of detoxifying a previously purified alpha = toxin (experimental preparations). when tested in immunized guinea pigs, the immunogenicity of experimental preparations was found to be 4.5 to 6 times that of commercial preparations. in mice, there was no d ... | 1986 | 2877025 |
| reaffirmation of the validity of enzymatic cleavage of lithocholic acid from n-epsilon-lithocholyl-l-lysine and n-alpha-cbz-n-epsilon-lithocholyl-l-lysine. | n-epsilon-lithocholyl-l-lysine or n-alpha-cbz-n-epsilon-lithocholyl-l-lysine when incubated overnight at 37 degrees c with 3 k units of clostridial cholanoylaminoacid hydrolase (from clostridium perfringens atcc 19574) in the presence of disodium edta (0.1 m), beta-mercaptoethanol (0.1 m), and sodium acetate buffer, ph 5.6, released free lithocholic acid. the latter material was isolated by thin-layer chromatography and identified by combined gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in the fu ... | 1986 | 2877042 |
| [activity of cefotetan against anaerobic bacteria]. | we determined the susceptibility to antibiotics of 64 strains of obligate anaerobes. tested bacterial strains were as follows: 28 bacteroides fragilis, 22 fusobacterium nucleatum, 10 clostridium perfringens, and 4 bacteroides bivius. tested antibiotics were cefotetan, cefoxitin and piperacillin. cefotaxime was tested against 20 bacteroides fragilis strains. bacteroides fragilis, which is the most resistant species, was susceptible to cefotetan, cefoxitin and piperacillin, with comparable mics fo ... | 1986 | 2877431 |
| clostridial infections of the lungs and pleura. | 1986 | 2877498 | |
| retrorectal tumor: is biopsy risky? | a 55-year-old white man with an extensive retrorectal tumor died after transrectal needle biopsy. the indications and methods for biopsy of tumors in this location are controversial and are not well delineated in the literature. when resection seems unlikely or risky, or if a neoplasm is suspected which could be treated by nonsurgical means, biopsy is indicated. antibiotics with aerobic and anaerobic coverage should be given prophylactically. when ct scan or sigmoidoscopic findings suggest a nec ... | 1986 | 2877499 |
| clostridium perfringens iota toxin: synergism between two proteins. | the iota toxin of clostridium perfringens type e is a guinea pig dermonecrotic, mouse lethal toxin which cross-reacts with the iota-like toxin of clostridium spiroforme. antiserum raised against c. spiroforme or c. perfringens type e neutralizes the toxin from both species. by using c. spiroforme antiserum and crossed immunoelectrophoresis, we have found that there are two cross-reacting proteins, designated iota a (ia) and iota b (ib) in the culture filtrate of c. perfringens type e. both prote ... | 1986 | 2877514 |
| control of an outbreak of wet-tail in a closed colony of hamster (mesocricetus auratus). | 1986 | 2877518 | |
| prevalence of various enteropathogens in the feces of diarrheic and healthy calves. | the presence of various enteropathogens was examined in the feces of homebred dairy calves reared in a restricted geographical area of france (north west of county of indre-et-loire) during winter 1983-1984. two distinct surveys were carried on: a case-control study including 32 diarrheic calves and 21 healthy calves bred in 53 different farms; and a separate study on nine diarrheic calves in another farm. the following infectious agents were looked for, by specific methods of detection: escheri ... | 1986 | 2877609 |
| evaluation of the diagnostic application of an enzyme immunoassay for clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin. | the diagnostic application of an enzyme immunoassay for clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin was evaluated. test results from 100 individuals associated with c. perfringens gastroenteritis outbreaks and 111 control individuals were included. the assay sensitivity was 93.7%, and the assay specificity was 98.7%. | 1986 | 2877617 |
| [food poisoning in a home for the aged]. | 1986 | 2877642 | |
| clostridium perfringens and rheumatoid arthritis. | 1986 | 2877709 | |
| [effect of immunomodulators on resistance to gas gangrene. the enhanced resistance of white mice to perfringens toxin type a as affected by prodigiozan]. | experiments on 575 noninbred white mice have revealed that the nonspecific resistance of the animals to type a c. perfringens toxin can be enhanced by the administration of prodigiosan, a commercial immunostimulating agent. prodigiosan, introduced in 3-4 injections (the last one made 24 hours before intoxication) has been found to enhance the resistance of the animals to the subcutaneous injection of type a c. perfringens toxin by 40-60% and to its intraperitoneal injection by 60-97%. | 1986 | 2870596 |
| rapid extraction of plasmids from clostridium perfringens. | two rapid methods were evaluated for their extraction of plasmids from clostridium perfringens. the first method involved lysis of 1 to 2 ml of c. perfringens culture by treatment with hyaluronidase, lysozyme, and sarcosyl. dna, extracted with phenol-chloroform, was treated with rnase, boiled, and electrophoresed in a 1.2% agarose gel. the second method involved lysis of 2 ml of culture by lysozyme treatment and extraction with alkaline sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds). extracted dna was treated wit ... | 1986 | 2870680 |
| the antitumor agent mitoxantrone binds cooperatively to dna: evidence for heterogeneity in dna conformation. | the equilibrium binding of the antitumor compound dhaq, or mitoxantrone [1,4-dihydroxy-5,8-bis[[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]-9,10- anthracenedione], to various dnas has been examined by optical titration and equilibrium dialysis methods. at low r (bound drug/dna base pair) values, r less than 0.03, dhaq binds, in a highly cooperative manner, to calf thymus and micrococcus lysodeikticus dnas. the binding isotherms for the interaction of dhaq with clostridium perfringens dna and poly(da-d ... | 1986 | 2870736 |
| thermal stability and ligand-binding properties of human plasma alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (orosomucoid) as determined with fluorescent probes. | the fluorescence of 1,8-anilinonaphthalene sulfonate is enhanced and blue-shifted upon binding to alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, a human plasma protein of uncertain function. fluorescence titrations of delipidated protein indicate at least two classes of binding sites having dissociation constants of 0.33 microm and 12 microm at 25 degrees c in 0.02 m potassium phosphate/0.15 m nacl, ph 7.4. exclusion chromatography measurements indicate only 1 binding site per mol protein, suggesting that the heter ... | 1986 | 2870738 |
| detection of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin in stool specimens and culture supernatants by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed to detect and quantitate clostridium perfringens enterotoxin a in culture supernatants and in stool specimens from cases of diarrhea in which high numbers of enterotoxin-producing clostridium perfringens were isolated. to analyze for enterotoxin a, polyvinyl chloride microtiter plates were coated with dilute immune whole rabbit serum. enterotoxin a standards and samples were allowed to react with sensitized wells. the presence of the immobilized ... | 1986 | 2870839 |
| gangrenous cholecystitis and acute cholangitis associated with anaerobic bacteria in bile. | the incidence of anaerobic bacteria in bile, and the relationship between bacterial species isolated from the bile and the clinical characteristics of disease in these patients was studied. one hundred and twenty-five bile specimens obtained during surgery from the same number of patients were cultured aerobically and anaerobically. seventy patients (56%) had positive cultures and in 30% of the patients with positive cultures anaerobic bacteria were recovered, usually together with aerobic bacte ... | 1986 | 2870920 |
| a note on ultra-violet red fluorescence of anaerobic bacteria in vitro. | anaerobes other than the bacteroides melaninogenicus group isolated from clinical material produce an ultra-violet red fluorescence when grown under certain conditions in vitro. these organisms include other members of the genus bacteroides as well as strains of some species of clostridium, bifidobacterium and actinomyces. the major fluorescent pigment was identified as protoporphyrin ix. factors necessary for the production of fluorescence are the presence of blood or haem and a fermentable car ... | 1986 | 2871006 |
| diagnostic importance of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin analysis in recurring enteritis among elderly, chronic care psychiatric patients. | a series of clostridium perfringens-related gastrointestinal outbreaks occurred over a period of several months among elderly, chronic care patients in a psychiatric hospital. several serotypes of c. perfringens and many nontypeable isolates were found. the distribution of certain serotypes and the incidence of detection of enterotoxin in fecal extracts were related to wards on which patients were resident (six wards were involved). several patients were reported to have chronic or recurring fec ... | 1986 | 2871043 |
| [treatment of complicated anaerobic paraproctitis]. | 1986 | 2871217 | |
| spontaneous necrotic enteritis in young rfm/ms mice. | fatal necrotic enteritis was observed in mice 24-52 days old in the rfm/ms breeding colony maintained in a clean conventional condition in the national institute of radiological sciences. gross lesions included hyperaemia, petechiae, erosion and the occasional formation of pseudomembranes in the mucosa of the ileum and caecum. histologically, there was necrotic enteritis with numerous gram-positive bacilli-forming spores but no inflammatory cell reaction. non-type-a clostridium perfringens was i ... | 1986 | 2871226 |
| aridicins, novel glycopeptide antibiotics. iii. preparation, characterization, and biological activities of aglycone derivatives. | the aglycone and two pseudoaglycones of aridicin a were prepared by selective hydrolysis and characterized, chemically and biologically. these new analogs demonstrate improved activities in vitro over the parent antibiotics against methicillin sensitive and resistant staphylococci. the major determinant of activity is the mannose substituent, the presence of which results in less potent compounds. the analogs have potent activity against enterococci. | 1986 | 2869019 |
| the seasonality of bacterial quality of water in a tropical developing country (sierra leone). | natural water sources used as drinking-water supplies by rural settlements in sierra leone were examined monthly over a one-year period to detect any seasonal variations in bacterial quality. the 37 degrees c colony count, levels of selected faecal indicator bacteria and the incidence of salmonella spp. were monitored. a seasonality was demonstrated for all the variables, counts generally increasing with the progression of the dry season, culminating in peaks at the transition from dry to wet se ... | 1986 | 2869083 |
| necrotizing enteritis and clostridium perfringens. | 1986 | 2869091 | |
| synthesis and investigation of the beta-adrenoceptor agonist and platelet antiaggregatory properties of 1,7,8-trisubstituted 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1h-2-benzazepine analogues of trimetoquinol. | the synthesis and biological evaluation of 7,8-dihydroxy (2) and 7,8-methylenedioxy (3) analogues of 1-[(3,4,5-trimethyoxyphenyl)methyl]-2,3,4,5-tetradhyo-1h-2-b enzazepine on beta-adrenoceptor systems and human platelets were undertaken and compared with trimetoquinol (tmq, 1). whereas 1 is a potent beta-adrenoceptor agonist in guinea pig atria and trachea (pd2 = 8.2), analogue 2 was marginally effective at relaxing guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle (pd2 = 4.4) and inactive as an agonist on gui ... | 1986 | 2869145 |
| uneventful administration of plasma products in a recipient with t-activated red cells. | a patient with t-polyagglutinable red cells and a severe coagulopathy provided an opportunity to observe the results of plasma transfusion in the face of t-activation. the patient was a 52-year-old navajo indian with a perforated gall bladder and related sepsis due to clostridium perfringens. the gall bladder was removed surgically. postoperatively, he had severe thrombocytopenia, and prolonged partial thromboplastin and prothrombin times. the patient's red cells were agglutinated by arachis hyp ... | 1986 | 2869600 |
| clostridium perfringens type a. comparison of in vitro and in vivo activity of twelve antimicrobial drugs. | penicillin g and imipenem (n-formimidoyl thienamycin) in vitro were the most active of twelve examined antimicrobial drugs against clinical and fecal isolates of clostridium perfringens type a. however, vancomycin and fosfomycin, which revealed suboptimal in vitro bactericidal activity, proved as efficacious as penicillin g and imipenem in an experimental mode of murine gas gangrene. thus, conventional in vitro tests were not uniformly predictive for in vivo (murine) chemotherapeutic efficacy. | 1986 | 2868848 |
| involvement of gangliosides in rabies virus infection. | the role of gangliosides in rabies virus infection of chick embryo-related (cer) cells was investigated. cultured cells were pretreated with neuraminidase to render the cells transiently non-susceptible to viral infection. incubation of these desialylated cells with gangliosides allowed them to incorporate exogenous gangliosides and they recovered their susceptibility to rabies virus infection. infection of cer cells was monitored by specific fluorescence 24 h after virus inoculation. the use of ... | 1986 | 2868068 |
| clostridial infection of renal cell carcinoma. | we report a case of a large gas-filled clostridial abscess in a previously unrecognized renal cell carcinoma. neoplastic tissue has a nonhomogeneous blood supply, creating areas of hypoxia and reduced glucose concentrations, which lead to tumor necrosis and an environment conducive to the growth of anaerobic organisms. anaerobic infection should be considered in any patient with carcinoma and fever. conversely, abscess transformation of a tumor can be the explanation for what otherwise seems to ... | 1986 | 2868130 |
| humoral immune responses in peyronie's disease patients receiving clostridial collagenase therapy. | human igg and ige antibody responses to clostridial collagenase (nucleolysin) were monitored in 150 untreated healthy blood donors and 44 patients receiving intrapenile injections of collagenase for treatment of peyronie's disease. pre, 1 and/or 2 month post treatment sera were analyzed in radioimmunoassays for human igg and ige antibodies using solid phase purified cl. histolyticum collagenase to extract antibodies from serum and 125i-protein a or rabbit anti-human ige to detect bound igg and i ... | 1986 | 2868133 |
| gas in the pelvis two months after laparotomy. | 1986 | 2868019 | |
| comparison of receptors for clostridium perfringens type a and cholera enterotoxins in isolated rabbit intestinal brush border membranes. | the rabbit intestinal brush border membrane (bbm) receptors for clostridium perfringens type a (cpe) and cholera (ct) enterotoxins were compared. initial studies characterized binding of 125i-cpe to isolated bbms as specific, saturable, and irreversible. bbms appear to contain a single type of cpe binding site. protease pretreatment of bbms strongly reduced subsequent specific binding of 125i-cpe but not 125i-ct, while neuraminidase pretreatment had little effect on binding of either enterotoxin ... | 1986 | 2854596 |
| characterization of a parasporal inclusion body from sporulating, enterotoxin-positive clostridium perfringens type a. | inclusion bodies (ib) synthesized during sporulation and enterotoxin formation by clostridium perfringens nctc 8239 and 8798 were isolated and characterized. ib were isolated by disruption of sporangia by sonication in the presence of tetrasodium edta and phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride. fractionation was carried out in a linear gradient of sodium bromide, sucrose, or diatrizoate sodium. denaturing and reducing agents were necessary to solubilize the ib. an alkylating agent was required to prevent ... | 1986 | 2867991 |
| predictive markers for clostridium perfringens sepsis in high-risk newborns. | 1986 | 2867673 | |
| the surface charge of toxoplasma gondii: a cytochemical and electrophoretic study. | the surface charge of toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites was evaluated by means of binding of colloidal iron hydroxide particles at ph 1.8, cationized ferritin particles at ph 7.2 and ruthenium red to the cell surface, as visualized by electron microscopy and by direct measurements of the electrophoretic mobility (epm) of the cells suspended in solutions of different ionic strength and ph. at ph 7.2, t. gondii has a negative surface charge with a mean epm of--1.1272 +/- 0.0917 micron.s-1 x v-1 x cm. ... | 1986 | 2431157 |
| biochemical properties of n-methylamides of sialic acids in gangliosides. | a simple and rapid method for the preparation of n-methylamides ( - conhch3) of sialic acids in gangliosides and biochemical properties of the modified gangliosides are described. the sialic acid carboxyl groups of gangliosides were esterified with ch3i-dimethylsulfoxide, followed by heating with monomethylamine. the modified gangliosides were chemically identified by tlc, ir spectroscopy, glc-mass spectrometry and nmr spectroscopy. the n-methylamide derivative of gm1 produced a high titer igg a ... | 1986 | 2420784 |
| influence of neuraminidase and n-acetylneuraminic acid on basophil histamine release in vitro. | since n-acetylneuraminic acid (nana) in cell membrane glucocalyx mediates or modulates a variety of actions, such as mediator release, we examined a possible modulating role of this amino sugar in histamine release from human basophil leukocytes. removal of nana from the cell membrane by the enzyme neuraminidase caused a dose-dependent histamine release. removal of smaller amounts of nana enhanced histamine release induced by anti-ige, concanavalin a and the calcium ionophore a23187, and reduced ... | 1986 | 2422975 |
| a successfully treated case of mastitis in the bovine associated with clostridium perfringens type a. | 1986 | 2426858 | |
| enhancement of histamine release from human basophils pretreated with different sialidases. | histamine release from human basophils was investigated in vitro after removal of cell membrane sialic acid by three different sialidases. pretreatment of the cells with sialidases from cl. perfringens, v. cholera or influenza virus a2 enhanced histamine release induced by subsequent stimulation of the cells with anti-ige or the plant lectin concanavalin a and caused a shift to the left of the dose-response curve for anti-ige. the enhanced histamine release was reflected in a increased calcium s ... | 1986 | 2429528 |
| effects of 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate on adhesiveness and lung-colonizing ability of lewis lung carcinoma cells. | the potent tumor promoter 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (tpa) enhanced the adherence of low-metastatic lewis lung carcinoma cells (p-29) to the surface of plastic culture dishes and to monolayers of endothelial cells. this effect was transient, being apparent within 15 min and maximal within 1 h after treatment with tpa. biologically active analogues of tpa and mezerein also enhanced attachment of p-29 cells, whereas inactive analogues of tpa did not. tpa-treated p-29 cells formed many mo ... | 1986 | 3940203 |
| agar medium for gas-liquid chromatography of anaerobes. | this study evaluates a method of performing gas-liquid chromatography (glc) by direct extraction of fatty acids from agar for identification of clinically significant anaerobic bacteria. the potential use of agar cultures for glc was studied by comparing chromatograms of 117 clinically isolated anaerobes grown in peptone yeast glucose broth and chopped meat carbohydrate broth, and on enriched brucella blood agar. for 98 of 117 anaerobes, fatty acid patterns from agar cultures were similar to tho ... | 1986 | 3940426 |
| distant nontraumatic clostridial myonecrosis and malignancy. | distant nontraumatic clostridial myonecrosis in association with malignancy is an uncommon disorder, with only 14 well-documented cases previously reported in the english literature. clostridium perfringens and c. septicum are the most common organisms, usually gaining access to the circulation through an ulcerated lesion of the small bowel or colon. a case report of this syndrome caused by c. histolyticum is presented with a review of the literature. | 1986 | 3943020 |
| opportunistic infections in hysterectomy-derived, barrier-maintained guinea pigs. | guineapigs were rederived by hysterectomy and associated with a colonization-resistant enteric microflora (crf) of mouse origin to establish a strict barrier-maintained breeding colony. infections were suspected in 55 of 209 animals autopsied. from 65 of 67 tissue samples selected for bacteriological examination 167 isolates, belonging to 16 usually non-pathogenic bacterial species or groups, were isolated mostly from cases of mastitis, typhlitis, enteritis, otitis media and pneumonia. faecal st ... | 1986 | 3951194 |
| novel fucolipids of human adenocarcinoma: disialosyl lea antigen (iii4fuciii6neuaciv3neuaclc4) of human colonic adenocarcinoma and the monoclonal antibody (fh7) defining this structure. | a new fucoganglioside, disialosyl lea, has been found in the disialoganglioside fraction of human colonic adenocarcinoma. the ganglioside has been isolated from four other disialogangliosides by high-performance liquid chromatography followed by preparative high-performance thin-layer chromatography. the structure of the antigen was characterized by its conversion to lactofucopentaosyl(ii)ceramide (lea-active ceramide pentasaccharide), methylation analysis, and high-mass range electron-impact as ... | 1986 | 3957932 |
| hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the management of clostridium perfringens infections. | patients with clostridium perfringens infections treated in christchurch over a 14 year period to 1984 were reviewed retrospectively. of the 46 documented cases, 21 died. twenty-nine patients were treated with hyperbaric oxygen (hbo) therapy. of these, nine died, whilst 12 of 17 other patients who did not receive hbo died, including five in whom the diagnosis was only made at postmortem. the clinical features and predisposing factors for clostridial infections are discussed. the importance of ea ... | 1986 | 3462561 |
| bacteremia and fungemia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | forty-nine episodes of bacteremia and fungemia occurred in 38 of 336 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome seen at our institution since 1980. there were five types of infections. infections commonly associated with a t-cell immunodeficiency disorder comprised 16 episodes and included those with salmonella species, listeria monocytogenes, cryptococcus neoformans, and histoplasma capsulatum. infections commonly associated with a b-cell immunodeficiency disorder included those with ... | 1986 | 3485396 |
| in vitro activity of flurithromycin, a novel macrolide antibiotic. | flurithromycin is an (8,s)-8-fluoroerythromycin isolated from the fermentation broth of streptomyces erythraeus atcc 31772, a blocked mutant of a strain producer of erythromycin. its in vitro antibacterial activity has been determined on recent clinical isolates of respiratory pathogens. the range of mic for streptococcus pneumoniae and streptococcus beta-haemolyticus group a is from 0.0015 to 0.006 microgram/ml, for haemophilus influenzae from 0.012 to 0.4 microgram/ml, for staphylococcus aureu ... | 1986 | 3487389 |
| inactivation of cefoxitin and moxalactam by bacteroides bivius beta-lactamase. | moxalactam and cefoxitin are known for their high stability against bacteroides beta-lactamases. we investigated the beta-lactamase activity of crude extracts obtained from three strains of bacteroides bivius and two strains of bacteroides fragilis against cefoxitin and moxalactam. in a spectrophotometric antibiotic assay with a 24-h incubation period, b. bivius extracts decreased the initial concentration (10 micrograms/ml) of moxalactam and cefoxitin by 60%, whereas b. fragilis extracts had no ... | 1986 | 3492177 |
| relationships between rotavirus diarrhea and intestinal microflora establishment in conventional and gnotobiotic mice. | intestinal microflora did not play a role in the intensity or course of edim rotavirus-induced diarrhea, since similar results were observed in axenic and conventional mice. in conventional mice, rotavirus-induced diarrhea did not modify the establishment of lactobacillus spp. and escherichia coli before weaning. the consequences of diarrhea on the establishment of strictly anaerobic bacteria after weaning were studied through the measurement of two bacterial functions, the microbial barrier eff ... | 1986 | 3519657 |
| [detection of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin in the feces of patients--a method for improving detection of food poisoning]. | 1986 | 3535264 | |
| evaluation of in vitro predictive tests for irritation and allergic sensitization. | investigations of in vitro procedures to predict the potential of substances as skin irritants and as allergens inducing delayed hypersensitivity (contact dermatitis) are described, with indications of possible advances and known limitations. the examination of keratome slices of skin for release of enzymes, for changed histochemistry and for utilization of radioisotope-labelled amino acids will detect weak irritants but is of doubtful value for moderate irritants and will detect corrosive subst ... | 1986 | 3536690 |
| some aspects of the occurrence of resistant bacteria in the normal animal flora. | the paper outlines some of the problems encountered in assessing the occurrence of antibiotic resistance in the normal flora of animals, using escherichia coli as an example. additional information is provided on the occurrence and mechanisms of resistance in clostridium perfringens, pasteurella haemolytica and staphylococcus aureus, and some of the factors which may affect this resistance. the paper concludes with general considerations about the choice of organism, the sample size and the desi ... | 1986 | 3542933 |
| treatment of surgical infections with a modern quinolone: therapy of soft tissue infections and pneumonia with ofloxacin. | a randomized, open, prospective study including 45 patients with either soft tissue infections (29 cases) or pneumonia (15 cases) after surgical intervention and one case having both indications was carried out with ofloxacin. the standard dose was 200 mg ofloxacin b. i. d. in most cases, clinical symptoms, such as fever, rubor, swelling and pain in soft tissue infections, as well as fever, dyspnoea, physical and radiological signs for pneumonia, subsided within two to seven days. laboratory dat ... | 1986 | 3546148 |
| bacterial drug resistance in meat animals: a review. | prolonged oral or parenteral administration of antibiotics has led to the development of resistant strains of microorganisms. bacteria acquire drug resistance by mutation, conjugation and transduction. oral antibiotics by a process of selection pressure facilitate the proliferation of resistant population of bacteria. drug resistant bacteria are capable of transferring their resistance to drugs to other bacteria by the process of transferable drug resistance (tdr). this can lead to multiple resi ... | 1986 | 3549599 |
| surface localization of sialic acid on actinomyces viscosus. | this study reports the presence of sialic acid in actinomyces viscosus strains t14v and t14av. mild acid hydrolysis of whole organisms released a compound which reacted positively in the periodate-thiobarbituric acid, direct ehrlich's and resorcinol assays, and which co-chromatographed on paper with authentic n-acetylneuraminic acid. strain t14v contained 10-fold greater concentrations of sialic acid than did strain t14av. sialic acid content was dependent upon the stage of growth of the culture ... | 1986 | 3655719 |
| beta-glucuronidase-producing bacteria in bile from the common bile duct in patients treated with endoscopic papillotomy for gallstone disease. | this paper reports the occurrence of beta-glucuronidase-producing bacteria in the bile in gallstone patients treated with endoscopic papillotomy (ept). the study included 36 patients--18 women and 18 men, aged 43-87 years, with a median of 72.5 years. bile sampling was done with an endoscopic technique. all bacterial strains were tested for beta-glucuronidase activity with a rapid chromogenic tablet test, using 4-nitrophenyl-beta-d-glucuronic acid as substrate. bacterial growth was found in the ... | 1986 | 3715393 |
| bacteria in enteric lesions of horses. | thirty-three species of bacteria were isolated from the gastrointestinal mucosa of 23 adult horses and two foals. the bacteria isolated could be related to gross and microscopical lesions in some cases. clostridium perfringens type a, actinobacillus equuli, salmonella typhimurium and campylobacter coli biotype 1 could all be associated with gastrointestinal lesions. c jejuni biotype 1 and aeromonas hydrophila were both recovered in this study and have been identified as causes of enteritis in ho ... | 1986 | 3716108 |
| effect of phospholipase c on high-molecular-mass alkaline phosphatase in serum. | electrophoresis of some serum samples on polyacrylamide gel, followed by staining for alkaline phosphatase (ec 3.1.3.1), produces a band of activity at the gel origin. this high-mr band consists of liver membrane fragments containing alkaline phosphatase and other enzymes. alkaline phosphatase is closely associated with phosphatidylinositol in liver plasma membranes, and we have found that phospholipase c (ec 3.1.4.3) from bacillus cereus, known to possess some phosphatidylinositol specificity, ... | 1986 | 3731443 |
| excitatory effect of clostridium perfringens alpha toxin on the rat isolated aorta. | clostridium perfringens alpha toxin caused contraction of the isolated aorta of the rat in a dose-dependent manner. the contractile action caused by the toxin was inhibited or abolished by calcium antagonists such as nifedipine, verapamil and cinnarizine, or a ca-free medium, but was not affected by phentolamine, chlorpheniramine, atropine, tetrodotoxin or a low na medium. the toxin stimulated ca uptake into the aorta in a dose-dependent manner. 8-n,n'-diethylaminooctyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate ... | 1986 | 3742149 |
| fecal bacterial microflora of newborn infants during intensive care management and treatment with five antibiotic regimens. | aerobic and anaerobic fecal bacterial flora of normal newborn infants, of preterm newborn infants without other health problems and of five groups of newborn infants treated with combinations of benzylpenicillin, cloxacillin, flucloxacillin, ampicillin, cefuroxime, cefoxitin and gentamicin were compared. preterm birth alone was associated with growth of klebsiella which could be attributed to a higher rate of cesarean section in preterm than in term infants. all antibiotic regimens led to a pron ... | 1986 | 3763418 |
| effects of ca2+ and other cations on the action of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin. | we investigated the role of extracellular ca2+ in the clostridium perfringens enterotoxin-induced alteration of the permeability of the plasma membrane. enterotoxin released 86rb and 51cr from the vero cells preloaded with the isotope. in the presence of egta, however, it released 86rb but not 51cr. the binding of enterotoxin to the cells was not influenced by ca2+ or mg2+. the effects of various cations on the enterotoxin-induced 51cr release was also studied. the release depended on extracellu ... | 1986 | 3768429 |
| glycosphingolipid patterns of the gastrointestinal tract and feces of germ-free and conventional rats. | acid and non-acid glycosphingolipids of stomach, small and large intestine, and stimulated feces of germ-free and conventional rats of the same stain have been isolated and characterized. the glycosphingolipid patterns of the intestinal organs were chemically and immunologically very similar between the two groups of rats and relatively unaffected by the presence of an intestinal microbial flora. the major exception was the presence of hematoside with n-glycoloylneuraminic acid (neugc) (neugc al ... | 1986 | 3771576 |
| t-cryptantigen exposure in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis. | sixty-two infants with necrotizing enterocolitis were prospectively evaluated for evidence of the thomson-friedenreich cryptantigen (tca) on their red cell surfaces. the tca is exposed when bacterially derived neuraminidase acts on the surface of the red cells, cleaving off the n-acetylneuraminic acid, which hides the antigen. seventeen patients (27%) had red cell tca exposure as demonstrated by agglutination of their red cells by peanut lectin. this test is a simple agglutination procedure, whi ... | 1986 | 3794983 |
| primary action of clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin on hela and vero cells in the absence of extracellular calcium: rapid and characteristic changes in membrane permeability. | clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin bound rapidly to hela and vero cells in the absence of extracellular ca2+ at 37 degrees c. the bound toxin rapidly (within 2 min) caused influx of na+ and efflux of k+ and mg2+. changes in membrane permeability occurred in the absence or presence of extracellular ca2+ and to the similar extents at 37 degrees c and 4 degrees c, in contrast to the subsequent bleb and balloon formation, which required both extracellular ca2+ and incubation at 37 degrees c. ... | 1986 | 3801019 |
| effect of phospholipase c on the binding of alpha-bungarotoxin to isolated plasma membranes of rat skeletal muscle. | sarcolemmal membranes were isolated from hindlimb muscles of the rat and the specific binding of [125i]alpha-bungarotoxin to the membranes was determined. incubation of the membranes with a purified preparation of phospholipase c (ex clostridium perfringens) increased the specific binding of the toxin (bmax). the apparent dissociation constant (kd) for the binding was unchanged by treatment with the enzyme. the possibility that latent acetylcholine receptors exist in muscle sarcolemma, and that ... | 1986 | 3808468 |
| release of the 120 kda component of the mouse neural cell adhesion molecule n-cam from cell surfaces by phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c. | to study the membrane anchoring of the 120 kda component of the neural cell adhesion molecule n-cam, the smallest form lacking a transmembrane domain, cultured mouse neural cells were treated with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c from staphylococcus aureus. when live cultures of astrocytes and neurons are treated with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c, n-cam120 is released into the supernatant. under these conditions n-cam140 and n-cam180 are not released. phospholipase ... | 1986 | 3822237 |
| pancreatic carboxypeptidase hydrolysis of bile acid-amino conjugates: selective resistance of glycine and taurine amidates. | to find a possible explanation for the selective hepatic conjugation of bile acids with glycine or taurine, the n-acyl amidates of cholic acid and a number of amino acids and amino acid analogues were synthesized, and their susceptibility to hydrolysis by pancreatic juice, gastric juice, serum, or small intestinal mucosal enzymes was measured. deconjugation by pure carboxypeptidase a and b was also examined, and hydrolysis by these tissue fluids and enzymes was compared with that mediated by a b ... | 1986 | 2867000 |
| purification and characterization of clostridium perfringens beta toxin. | a new procedure for the purification of beta toxin from culture supernatant fluid of clostridium perfringens was established. the procedure consists of ammonium sulfate fractionation, affinity chromatography on zinc-chelate sepharose and gel filtration on toyopearl hw 60. beta toxin was purified about 460-fold from the ammonium sulfate fraction with a yield of about 60% in terms of lethality of the toxin. the molecular weight of the toxin, determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel ... | 1987 | 2449745 |
| the influence of various bacteria on the cecal mucosa of monoflora chickens infected with eimeria tenella. a scanning electron microscopic study. | monoflora chickens were established at the age of 2 days by an oral inoculation of one of six species of bacteria (lactobacillus acidophilus, bifidobacterium thermophilum, bacteroides vulgatus, clostridium perfringens, escherichia coli, or streptococcus faecalis). two days later the chickens were infected with eimeria tenella (5 x 10(4) oocytes per bird). there were four groups: uninfected birds as controls, the birds infected with either bacteria or e. tenella alone, and the birds infected with ... | 1987 | 3673342 |
| the in-vitro activity of doxycycline and minocycline against anaerobic bacteria. | the likelihood of bacterial resistance now prevents the use of oxytetracycline in the empirical therapy of anaerobic infections. this study investigates the in-vitro activity of two semi-synthetic derivatives, doxycycline and minocycline, against a range of anaerobic bacteria. mics for each antibiotic were determined by an agar incorporation technique. doxycycline and minocycline were four to eight times more active against the majority of strains than oxytetracycline. with the exception of bact ... | 1987 | 3680075 |