Publications

quantitative inhibition of haemophilus influenzae by trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.	we evaluated the inhibitory effect of trimethoprim (tmp) and sulfamethoxazole (smz), alone and in combination, against 34 strains of haemophilus influenzae. growth inhibition was determined after incubation for 18 h by comparing viable counts of cultures in drug-containing medium with corresponding counts of control cultures in drug-free medium. in a modified, thymidine-deficient levinthal broth, the numbers of colony-forming units of all the isolates tested were reduced 100-fold or more by tmp/ ...	1977	303886
primary hemophilus influenzae pneumonitis in an adult.		1977	303933
discontinuous counter current immunoelectrophoresis in haemophilus meningitis (a case report).		1977	306970
corrosion of dental amalgam in culture media.		1977	274454
blocking of oncofoetal cross-reactivity in human osteogenic sarcoma with solubilized tumour antigen.		1977	273007
[ergonomically shaped handpiece for dental technical use].		1977	284935
a comparison of three rapid methods for the detection of beta-lactamase activity in haemophilus influenzae.	three methods for rapidly detecting beta-lactamase activity in haemophilus influenzae are compared. the chromogenic cephalosporin method was found to be the most easily performed and the reagents could be stored for up to three weeks. the phenol red method was simple to perform but the iodometric method was more time consuming. all three tests gave identical results.	1977	304072
[symposium on the chemotherapy of bacterial infection. supplement: importance of hemophilus influenzae on chronic respiratory infectious diseases (author's transl)].		1977	304080
[the fluorescein angiogram in choroidermia (author's transl)].	the fluorescein angiogram makes a widespread degeneration of the retinal pigment epithelium in choroidermia visible. in the female carriers it shows a spot-like picture. this method of examination contributes to the interpretation of the pathogeny and differential diagnosis.	1977	304118
ampicillin resistance in haemophilus influenzae.		1977	304447
molecular characterization of a plasmid specifying ampicillin resistance and its relationship to other r factors from haemophilus influenzae.		1977	304471
[characteristic of haemophilus influenzae strains isolated in poland].		1977	304512
epidemic of h. influenzae meningitis.		1977	304543
h. influenzae resistance to ampicillin.		1977	304544
[ampicillin resistance of haemophilus influenzae type b].		1977	304560
[level of igg, iga and igm in haemophilus infections in patients undergoing tonsillectomy].		1977	304571
[h. influenzae type b resistant to ampicillin].		1977	305014
a multicentre study of the susceptibility of a variety of bacteria to cephalothin, cefamandole, tobramycin and gentamicin.	a multicentre study of antibiotic susceptibility was performed in south africa. sensitivity to cephalothin, cefamandole, tobramycin and gentamicin was tested on a variety of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. two disc susceptibility techniques were used, i.e. the kirby-bauer technique (aerobes) and the broth-disc method (anaerobes); minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) were determined according to the international collaborative study techniques, and regression lines for individual centres were ...	1977	305120
[clinical significance of haemophilus influenzae and its sensitivity of tetracyclines and chloramphenicol (author's transl)].		1977	305573
[pharmacologic properties of ortho-ethoxy-benzamide].		1977	305744
partial duplication 5q syndrome: phenotypic similarity in two sisters with identical karyotype (partial duplication 5q33 leads to 5qter and partial deficiency 8p23 leads to pter).	two sisters with statomotor developmental retardation microcephaly, hydrocephalus internus and externus without signs of pressure, heart defect (ventricular septal defect), early pulmonary resistance and characteristic facial changes were found to have the same unbalanced karyotype with partial trisomy 5q3300 leads to 5qter and partial monosomy 8p2300 leads to 8pter, derived from a balanced reciprocal paternal translocation: 46,xy,t(5;8)(q3300;p2300). the older girl was tested for the erythrocyt ...	1977	305758
[broncho-obstructive reactions with antigenic and toxic components of hemophilus influenzae (author's transl)].		1977	306186
increased resistance to established tumor metastases after elimination of thymus - t-cell mediated suppression.		1977	310170
cellular immunity to bacteria: impairment of in vitro lymphocyte responses to pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis patients.	lymphocyte responses to the mitogens phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin a and to streptococcus pyogenes, staphylococcus aureus, haemophilus influenzae, and pseudomonas aeruginosa were evaluated in patients with cystic fibrosis and in normal individuals. lymphocyte proliferation in vitro was stimulated by gentamicin-killed whole bacteria, and the proliferative response was measured by [3h]thymidine incorporation. the in vitro lymphocyte responses to antibiotic-killed bacterial reached maximum th ...	1977	412789
the shape of the ultraviolet inactivation curve for transforming dna.		1977	413044
erythromycin in respiratory tract infection.	one of the main uses of erythromycin in respiratory tract infection has been in the treatment of acute streptococcal tonsillitis as an alternative to penicillin. studies on the quantitative bacteriology of tonsils obtained at tonsillectomy have shown large numbers of both haemolytic streptococci and haemophilus species in most samples and these organisms can be effectively reduced in number by preoperative treatment with antibiotics such as erythromycin. such investigations suggest that erythrom ...	1977	414355
[antibacterial activity of the amniotic fluid against staphylococcus aureus, candida albicans, and brucella abortus (proceedings)].		1977	414693
effect of serum from various animal species on erythrocyte attachment of endotoxins and other bacterial antigens.	lipopolysaccharide o antigens (endotoxins) and other bacterial antigens readily attach to erythrocytes in vitro. this attachment is prevented by certain mammalian and avian sera. in this study, the inhibitory capacity of sera from lower animals was compared with that of higher animals for a total of 30 species. antigens and the corresponding antisera included both crude o antigens and purified lipopolysaccharide preparations, the common enterobacterial antigen from escherichia coli o14, the vi a ...	1977	591059
nursing care study: haemophilus influenzae meningitis.		1977	840674
serum immunoglobulin levels in the course of bacterial meningitis in children.	serum levels of 5 immunoglobulins (igg, iga, igm, igd and ige) were determined at frequent intervals in the course of bacterial meningitis in children. 59 patients were examined; 27 with haemophilus influenzae meningitis, 23 with meningococcal and 9 with pneumococcal meningitis. all 5 immunoglobulins increased during the 2-week course of bacterial meningitis. igm was the immunoglobulin class responding most rapidly, regularly and intensively. igg increased moderately. however, practically no ris ...	1977	841276
[the influence of the permeability of the cell membrane on tmpd oxydase activity (author's transl)].	26 bacterial strains representing a variety of both gram-negative and gram-postive groups were investigated for their n,n,n',n'-tetramethyl-1, 4-phenylendiamin (tmpd) oxidase activities and cytochrome contents. the oxidase activites of colonies were examined by dropping the reagent on agar surface colonies. intact and sonicated cells were tested by recording the oxidation of the tmpd reagent at 546 nm after addition to the cell suspensions. cytochromes were determined by recording the difference ...	1977	848217
acute epiglottitis in adults.	nine cases of acute epiglottitis in adults, seen over a period of ten years, are presented. the presence of severe pain and dysphagia as universal presenting features are stressed, and the frequent absence of pharyngeal injection is noted. we found that the disease in adults differs from that in children in that pain and dysphagia are more marked, that stridor is a less prominent feature, and that haemophilus influenzae appears not to be the sole causative organism.	1977	853252
latex agglutination in diagnosis of bacterial infections, with special reference to patients with meningitis and septicemia.	antibody-sensitized latex particles were used to demonstrate specific bacterial antigens in cerebrospinal fluid, blood and urine. difficulties with reported nonspecific agglutinations appear to have been overcome. the method seems to be sensitive, specific, and simple to perform, and shows a better detection rate than culture or countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis. urinary excretion of haemophilus influenzae antigens was followed. the diagnostic usefulness of demonstrating such antigens at a la ...	1977	879103
penetration of cefazolin into pleural fluid.	single doses of cefazolin, 500 mg intramuscularly and 1 g intravenously, were administered to 16 patients having lung pathology who were scheduled for thoracic fluid aspiration. pleural fluid and serum samples were taken at intervals of 30 to 240 min for determination of cefazolin levels. the levels obtained were variable; however, the levels of cefazolin in pleural fluid generally exceeded the reported minimal inhibitory concentration values for staphylococcus pneumoniae and staphylococcus, and ...	1977	879748
penetration of cefamandole into spinal fluid.	twelve patients, aged 6 months to 62 years, with proven bacterial meningitis, were given a single intravenous dose of cefamandole (33 mg/kg) 75 to 140 min before a routine lumbar puncture. infecting organisms included haemophilus influenzae (eight cases), streptococcus pneumoniae (two cases), and neisseria meningitidis and beta-hemolytic streptococcus (one each). cerebrospinal fluid (csf) was analyzed by microbiological assay for cefamandole. the median concentration was 0.60 mug/ml, ranging fro ...	1977	879759
tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and clindamycin.	tetracyclines are active in vitro against most urinary tract pathogens, chlamydia, mycoplasma pneumoniae, brucella, rickettsiae, and nocardia. chloramphenicol is used primarily for anaerobic infections, haemophilus influenzae meningitis, and infections due to salmonella typhi. erythromycin is active in vitro against m. pneumoniae, streptococcus pneumoniae, and group a beta-hemolytic streptococci. erythromycin may be used as prophylactic therapy for subacute bacterial endocarditis and for recurre ...	1977	909315
early detection and preliminary susceptibility testing of positive pediatric blood cultures with the steers replicator.	early replicator subculturing of blood specimens after 4 to 16 h of incubation detected 135 of 217 (59%) of all positive cultures, including 56 of 64 (87%) haemophilus influenzae type b, 7 of 22 (32%) staphylococcus aureus, 19 of 20 (95%) pathogenic streptococci, and 20 of 24 (83%) enterobacteriaceae. the mean time to detection of the common pediatric pathogens (36 h) was significantly less than that of contaminants (85 h) (p less than 0.001). blind subculturing to differential media aided in th ...	1977	914993
[role of haemophilus influenzae and diplococcus pneumoniae in the development of exacerbations of chronic bronchitis].		1977	917917
bacterial meningitis in southwestern alaska.	between july 1, 1971, and june 30, 1974, thirty-nine cases of bacterial meningitis were diagnosed at the alaska native health service hospital at bethel, alaska. thirty-two (82%) occurred in infants less than one year of age. haemophilus influenzae (h. influenzae) was the predominant causative agent, and was isolated from 23 (72%) of the 32 patients under one year of age. the annual incidence of h. influenzae meningitis in the bethel area was 63/100,000, and the annual incidence of h. influenzae ...	1977	920727
in vitro studies with cefaclor, a new oral cephalosporin.	in vitro studies were performed to evaluate the activity of cefaclor in comparison with cephalexin against 180 clinical isolates. broth dilution susceptibility tests showed cefaclor to be 4- to 16-fold more active than cephalexin against streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and cephalothin-susceptible enterobacteriaceae. neither drug was highly active against cephalothin-resistant enterobacteriaceae or methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. cefaclor zones with 30-mug disks wer ...	1977	921244
[bacterial pollution in the hospital and bacteriological control of the hospitalier staff (author's transl)].	the authors report the results of the researches made in their hospital, about the bacteriological control of some departments and services, and of the staff that works there. after pointing out the scanty presence of pathogeneus germs in their hospitalier place, they augur a constant and repeated prophylactic sanitary control, whether of the structures, or the hospitalier staff, to avoid the possibility of diffusion of these germs in persons, already predisposed, since suffering from the most ...	1977	415671
[value of hemodynamic surveillance by radiocardiography in human heart transplants].	eighteen cases of cardiac transplantation have been carried out for 16 recipients since october 1973, there being 8 survivors at present. the importance of screening in such a treatment is vital. it is a simple method, easy to control, can be carried out at the bedside, is reproducible, reliable, and completely harmless, and by allowing the haemodynamic function of the graft to be seen at all times, helps in the marching of the donor and the recipient, in following the function of the graft in t ...	1977	415691
thiamphenicol in treatment of haemophilus influenzae meningitis.	17 infants and children with pyogenic meningitis (14 haemophilus influenzae, 2 diplococcus pneumoniae, 1 neisseria meningitidis) were treated with thiamphenicol, 100 mg/kg body weight/day in 4 doses i.v., as single drug. in the h. influenzae group 10 patients were cured, 4 had relapses of meningitis, 3 with documented subdural effusions. this group is compared with 14 children matched for age, initial leucocyte and csf cell count treated with ampicillin: all of these were cured, 1 had a subdural ...	1977	311771
antimicrobial spectrum, pharmacology and therapeutic use of antibiotics. part 2: penicillins.	the mechanism of action, resistance, antibacterial spectrum, clinical pharmacology, adverse effects, and therapeutic and prophylactic use of penicillins are reviewed. the choice of a penicillin is discussed. the only indication for the penicillinase-resistant penicillins is the suspected or demonstrated presence of staphylococcus aureus. there are no important differences in therapeutic effect among oxacillin, cloxacillin, dicloxacillin or flucloxacillin by the oral route, or among oxacillin, di ...	1977	318800
the restriction endonuclease cleavage map of rat liver mitochondrial dna.	mitochondrial dna from rat liver contains six sites for cleavage by the restriction endonucleases hind iii and ecori. a large stretch of dna, comprising about 40% of the mitochondrial genome is not cleaved by either of the enzymes; eight cleavage sites are located on a dna stretch of 35% of the genome length suggestive of an unequal distribution of the a - t baspairs over the molecule. the number of hind iii and eco r i fragments is much higher than reported for other mammalian mitochondrial dna ...	1977	318859
development of a lysis-filtration blood culture technique.	a lysed-blood culture system that quickly lyses patients' blood near neutrality and is relatively noninjurious to more delicate pathogens such as haemophilus influenzae and bacteroides fragilis is reported. the lysing solution includes culture medium, 0.004 m sodium carbonate and bicarbonate, 0.04% triton x-100,and 0.6% rhozyme (a mixture of proteases). most of the pathogens tested multiplied in the lysing solution. the lysed blood normally is immediately filtered. the membrane is transferred to ...	1977	319108
rapid automated disgnosis of bacteremia by impedance detection.	lysis and filtration of blood culture specimens were combined with impedance detection of bacterial growth to facilitate the diagnosis of bacteremia. a blood lysis-filtration technique (zierdt et al., 1976) was coupled to a simple, inexpensive automated detection system. the practical and technical aspects of the impedance detection system are discussed. this new blood culturing system was compared to a conventional system for 264 aerobic blood cultures. a 30-ml sample of the blood-broth mixture ...	1977	319110
detection of haemophilus influenzae type b antigens in body fluids, using specific antibody-coated staphylococci.	protein a-rich staphylococci coated with haemophilus influenzae type b antiserum agglutinate specifically with homologous bacterial cells or with cell-free supernatant fluids of cultures of the organism. antibody-coated staphylococci were used to detect soluble antigens in body fluids of patients infected with h. influenzae type b. cerebrospinal fluid from 36 cases of meningitis caused by this orgainsm showed positive coagglutination tests in 86% of patients prior to initiation of therapy. antig ...	1977	319113
meningitis due to two serotypes of escherichia coli. an infant who recovered.	a newborn infant with hyaline membrane disease and aspiration pneumonia developed purulent meningitis on day 19, three days after discontinuation of ampicillin sodium and gentamicin sulfate therapy. therapy with gentamicin, both systemically and intrathecally, for two weeks was ineffective. during this time each of four specimens of cerebrospinal fluid contained two serotypes of escherichia coli, namely, o83:h4 and o75:h5. the antibiograms of the two strains were identical, both being susceptibl ...	1977	319655
the role of dna structure in genetic regulation.		1977	319949
infectious pneumonias: a review.	diplococcus pneumoniae remains the most frequent cause of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia. other frequently isolated bacterial pathogens are hemophilus influenzae, klebsiella organisms, and staphylococcus aureus. the etiologic agents most commonly implicated in hopsital-acquired pneumonias are gram-negative bacilli including e. coli, proteus organisms, and species of klebsiella-enterobacter, pseudomonas, and serratia. among older children and young-adults, myocoplasma pneumoniae is a comm ...	1977	320285
the dilemma of invasive disease due to hemophilus influenzae.		1977	320675
comparison of nasotracheal intubation and tracheostomy in management of acute epiglottitis.		1977	320910
positions of sea urchin (strongylocentrotus purpuratus) histone genes relative to restriction endonuclease sites on the chimeric plasmids psp2 and psp17.	the positions of the several sea urchin histone genes on the eukaryotic fragments of the chimeric plasmids psp2 and psp17 have been mapped relative to the eco ri and hind iii restriction endonuclease sites on the plasmids. two principal mapping methods using the electron microscope have been used: (a) the r-loop procedure and a new modification thereof to map the genes on duplex dna; (b) the gene 32-ethidium bromide technique to visualize rna-dna hybrids on single strands of dna. it is known tha ...	1977	321020
characterization of distinct segments in mouse satellite dna by restriction nucleases.	the long-range periodicity of mouse satellite dna has been analyzed by digestion with five restriction nucleases. with all nucleases tested, a major repeat unit approximately 245 nucleotide pairs became apparent. minor registers of shorter length were also detected. the total number of cleavage sites per haploid genome for each restriction enzyme as well as their positions relative to each other were determined. while endo r-ecorii was known to cleave all of the satellite dna, the other four res ...	1977	321221
biochemical strain characterization of trypanosoma cruzi by restriction endonuclease cleavage of kinetoplast-dna.		1977	321246
a comparative study on the humoral immune responses in germ-free and conventional mice.	the plaque-forming cell (pfc) responses to sheep red blood cell (srbc) dinitrophenyl-lysine-ficoll (dnp-lys-ficoll), and dinitrophenylated bovine serum albumin (dnp-bsa) have been studied in both germ-free and conventionally reared icr mice. in germ-free mice, the igg response to srbc and the igm and igg responses to dnp-bsa were lower than in conventional mice, but no difference was observed in the igm response to srbc or the igm and igg responses to dnp-lys-ficoll. further, the number of 0-bea ...	1977	321340
rapid speciation of haemophilus with the porphyrin production test versus the satellite test for x.	the detection of porphyrins produced from omega-aminolevulinic acid was evaluated for use in speciation of the haemophilus. two hundred and forty-eight clinical isolates of nonhemolytic haemophilus were tested concurrently for porphyrin production and for x and v requirements. the porphyrin production test was more rapid (4 h) and more accurate than the satellite test.	1977	321470
the germicidal effect of the open air in different parts of the netherlands.	using the microthread technique the survival of escherichia coli mre 162 in open air was measured in different parts of the netherlands. the presence of bactericidal compounds (open air factor = oaf) could be demonstrated on several days and quantitated in relative units of oaf concentration. in the absence of ozone the oaf concentration was always low. in the presence of ozone the oaf concentration was dependent on wind direction. at the selected microthread exposure sites air from areas with h ...	1977	321676
a simple one-step hemolytic assay for c2 with c2-deficient human serum.	a simple one-step procedure has been developed for the molecular titration of c2 by utilizing the ability of the test material to restore the hemolytic activity of human serum selectively deficient in c2 (c2d serum). in this assay, equal volumes of ea (10(8) cells/ml), c2d serum (1/20), and a suitable dilution of a source of c2 were incubated at 37 degrees c for 60 min and the fraction of cells lysed was used to calculate the effective molecules of c2/ml test material. the assay can be used to t ...	1977	321681
pseudomembranous enterocolitis: a review of its diverse forms.		1977	321711
alteration of free serum amino acids in voles infected with trypanosoma brucei gambiense.	free serum amino acid pools of field voles, microtus montanus, were determined over a 24 hr period, and compared to values obtained from voles infected with trypanosoma brucei gambiense. the majority of amino acids in the control animals demonstrated a diurnal variation, peaking predominantly during the dark portion of the photoperiod. this trend was not evident in the infected animals. in addition, infected voles possessed an apparent state of hypoaminoacidemia, with levels of threonine, serine ...	1977	321737
haemophilus parainfluenzae and influenzae endocarditis: a review of forty cases.	two cases of bacterial endocarditis caused by haemophilus parainfluenzae are reported with a review of 33 other cases of h. parainfluenzae endocarditis and 5 cases of h. influenzae endocarditis. although h. parainfluenzae is usually considered a non-pathogenic microorganism, this review firmly establishes its role as a causative agent in endocarditis. furthermore, several clinical features were noted which were atypical when compared to findings usually present in patients with bacterial endocar ...	1977	321916
[doxycycline and minocycline hc1; a comparative study].		1977	321980
[sensitivity of "haemophilus influenzae" to 5 antibiotics and rapid detection of its resistance to ampicilin (author's transl)].	sensitivity of haemophilus influenzae to 5 antibiotics has been determined by the agar dilution method. two strains out of 165 are resistant to ampicillin and 5% to tetracycline. all strains were sensitive to chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole and cefuroxime. a simple test for rapid detection of beta-lactamase with a chromogenic cephalosporin and sensitivity testing by an agar diffusion method were evaluated for haemophilus.	1977	322045
plasmid-mediated chloramphenicol resistance in haemophilus influenzae.	a clinical isolate of haemophilus influenzae hc234 was found to be resistant to chloramphenicol and tetracycline. it was shown that both resistance markers are tranferable as one unit to other haemophilus influenzae strains and also to escherichia coli. data are presented which indicate that conjugation is the most likely mechanism of resistance transfer. hc234 was shown to carry a single plasmid species with a molecular weight of 38 x 10(6).	1977	324388
routine laboratory assessment of postoperative chest infection: a prospective study.	postoperative chest infection was studied prospectively in 73 patients in order to evaluate standard laboratory methods of sputum examination and to relate the results to the patients' clinical state and to antibiotic therapy. when a culture medium selective for haemophilus was used in addition to unselective media, homogenisation of the specimen gave no advantage. laboratory and clinical findings usually corresponded well. profuse growths of streptococcus pneumoniae or haemophilus influenzae we ...	1977	325018
genetic effects of nitrous acid.		1977	325396
[drug sensitivity of haemophilus sp. and transfer of resistance into e. coli (author's transl)].	from june 1973 to july 1976, 742 strains of haemophilus influenzae and parainfluenzae, isolated from clinical specimens, were routinely tested for in vitro sensitivity to twelve antibiotics: penicillin, ampicillin, cephalothin, streptomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, tetracyclin, minocyclin, erythromycin, sulfamethoxazol, trimethoprim. 61 strains were found resistant to one or more of these antibiotics (ampicillin, kanamycin, chloramphenicol and tetracyclin). the mics of 23 antibio ...	1977	327413
dextran sulphate: an adjuvant for cell-mediated immune responses.	the effect of high mol. wt dextran sulphate (ds) on cell-mediated immune responses was studied. three criteria were used to assess cell-mediated delayed-type hypersensitivity: footpad swelling, i.d. skin tests and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (mif) production. guinea-pigs sensitized with egg albumin (ea) and treated with ds showed strong positive delayed skin tests. control animals given only ea showed negative skin tests. lymphocytes from mice sensitized s.c. with ea and treated with ...	1977	328389
effect of neonatal gastrointestinal colonization with cross reacting escherichia coli on anticapsular antibody production and bacteremia in experimental haemophilus influenzae type b disease of rats.	neonatal gastrointestinal colonization of newborn rats with escherichia coli 075:k100:h5, cross-reactive with the capsular polysaccharide of haemophilus influenzae type b, was harmless but failed to stimulated detectable ( greater than 200 ng/ml) serum anticapsular antibodies. neonatally colonized rats, when challenged at age 13 weeks by intraperitoneal inoculation of h. influenzae b, showed no difference in the frequency, magnitude, or duration of bacteremia or in the postinfection anticapsular ...	1977	328398
pivmecillinam and amoxycillin as combined treatment in purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis.	one hundred and thirty-two patients with purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis were randomly allotted to treatment in three groups. they received (a) amoxycillin 250 mg and pivmecillinam 200 mg; or (b) amoxycillin 500 mg; or (c) amoxycillin 500 mg and pivmecillinam 400 mg: three times daily for 10 days. by the 7th day of treatment there was significant improvement over amoxycillin alone for both groups given combined chemotherapy in conversion of sputum to mucoid and in general improvemen ...	1977	330483
the infant rat as a model of bacterial meningitis.	the pathogenesis of bacterial meningitis was studied in infant rats. intranasal intoculation of greater than 10(3) haemophilus influenzae type b resulted in an incidence of bacteremia that was directly related to the size of hte challenge inoculum. the temporal and quantitative relationship of bacteremia to meningitis indicated that bacteria spread to the meninges by the hematogenous route and that the magnitude of bacteremia was a primary determinant in the development of meningitis. in a spara ...	1977	330777
sickle cell anemia and severe infections due to encapsulated bacteria.	overwhelming infections caused by encapsulated bacteria are an important cause of morbidity and death in children with sickle cell anemia. the most important contributing factors to this increased susceptibility to infections are an opsonophagocytic defect due to an abnormality of the alternate pathway of complement activation, a state of functional hyposplenia, and a lack of specific circulating antibodies as a developmental phenomenon. if the inordinately high, early mortality rate associated ...	1977	330779
induction of mutations in bacteriophage t7 by gamma-rays: independence of host-repair mechanisms.	amber mutants of bacteriophage t7 are reverted by gamma-rays to pseudo wild-type particles, i.e. particles able to propagate in a suppressorless host. the yield of revertants is much higher when the phage is irradiated in the presence of oxygen than when irradiated anoxically. under particular gas conditions the efficiency of mutation induction differs by less than a factor of ten among six different amber codons in cistrons 1, 5, 6, 12, 17 and 19. the induction of mutations is not dependent on ...	1977	331092
a restriction endonuclease cleavage map of mouse mitochondrial dna.	a restriction endonuclease cleavage map is presented for mouse mitochondrial dna. this map was constructed by electron microscopic measurements on partial digests containing fixed d-loops, and by electrophoretic analysis of partial and complete single enzyme digests, and of double digests. no map differences were detected between mitochondrial dna from cultured la9 cells and an inbred mouse line for the six endonucleases used. three cleavage sites recognized by hpai, five sites recognized by hin ...	1977	331253
restriction endonuclease cleavage maps of rat and mouse mitochondrial dnas.	mitochondrial dna from an old world mouse, mus musculus, and from an old world rat, rattus norvegicus, contain 19 and 22 distinct sites, respectively, for the 8 restriction endonucleases, bamhi, ecori, haeii, hhai, hincii, hindiii, hpai and psti. the relative positions of the sites have been mapped by the study of partial and double enzyme digests. some sites may been conserverd between the mouse and rat mitochondrial genomes.	1977	331254
separation of the complementary strands of dna fragments on polyacrylamide gels.	32p-labeled (in vivo) phix174 rfi dna was restricted by hinc ii. three aliquots of the same digest: a) nondenatured, b) heat denatured, and c) denatured by 5 mm me-hgoh were analyzed on 3-15% acrylamide gel gradients or on 3% gels with reduced n,n'-methylene-bis-acrylamide. the autoradiography of the gels showed that the nondenatured sample migrates two times faster than the denatured samples. after denaturation each original fragment appeared as a doublet. using in vitro synthesized rfi dna lab ...	1977	331258
differences in mutagenicity of the optical enantiomers of the diastereomeric benzo[a]pyrene 7,8-diol-9,10-epoxides.		1977	332178
a double-blind comparative study of ampicillin, co-trimoxazole and josamycin in anthraco-silicotic miners, assessed by transtracheal puncture.		1977	332681
detection and quantitation of bacteremia in childhood.	quantitative blood cultures were sought in 383 children, from whom routine blood cultures were obtained because of fever, by direct plating of 10 and 100 microliter blood onto solidified media. there were 14 positive cultures from 12 patients. these were 7 hemophilus influenzae type b, 5 streptococcus penumoniae, and 2 staphylococcus aureus. the direct-plating technique permitted more rapid identification of positive cultures, and detected three episodes not identified by routine broth culture. ...	1977	333075
packaging recombinant dna molecules into bacteriophage particles in vitro.	recombinant phage genomes made in reactions with purified enzymes may be recovered directly by packaging into phage heads in vitro. the process is efficient and nonselective and offers containment in initial stages of handling recombinant dna. ligase [poly(deoxyribonucleotide):poly-(deoxyribonucleotide) ligase (amp-forming), ec 6.5.1.1] reaction products can recombine with endogenous phage dna during packaging, but uv-irradiation eliminates the biological activity of the endogenous dna.	1977	333431
[quantitative studies of yeast in the sputum of patients with chronic bronchitis under long-term observation].		1977	335241
haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide vaccine in children: a double-blind field study of 100,000 vaccinees 3 months to 5 years of age in finland.	a recently developed haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide vaccine was given to 48,977 children 3 months to 5 years of age; an equal number of children receiving group a meningococcal vaccine served as controls. the protection as well as serum antibody response was strongly age-dependent. among children who had received the h. influenzae type b vaccine when 18 months of age or older, there were no cases of bacteremic disease caused by h. influenzae type b in the first year after ...	1977	335348
an overview of recent experiences with plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance or induced virulence in bacterial diseases.		1977	340443
erythromycin: clinical review. ii. therapeutic uses.		1977	340987
an evaluation of two immunological methods in the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis: the effect of ultrasonic treatment of the cerebrospinal fluid.	counterimmunoelectrophoresis (cie) and fluorescent antibody (fa) technique were evaluated in the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis caused by neisseria meningitidis (groups a, b, c), streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae type b. fa was positive in 80% and cie in 70% of the 59 cases of bacterial meningitis investigated. ultrasonic treatment of the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) increased the efficacy of cie from 50% to 70%. by fa it was possible to demonstrate bacterial antigen in csf up ...	1977	341293
occurrence and transfer of ampicillin resistance associated with ampicillin-resistant haemophilus influenzae isolated from a case at a day-care centre.	a 1-year-old boy with recurrent otitis media had been repeatedly treated with antibiotics. a few days after withdrawal of administered ampicillin he again contracted otitis media and ampicillin-resistant haemophilus influenzae was isolated. the strain was serologically untypable. no ampicillin-resistant h. influenzae was found in his family or at the day-care centre that he attended. the ability to produce the beta-lactamase elaborated from this strain could be transferred to ampicillin-sensitiv ...	1977	341294
diagnosis of acute bacterial pneumonia in nigerian children. value of needle aspiration of lung of countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis.	eighty-eight nigerian children with untreated, severe, acute pneumonia were investigated by standard bacteriological techniques (blood culture and culture of pharyngeal secretions) and by needle aspiration of the consolidated lung. countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis (cie) against grouped pneumococcal and haemophilus influenzae type b antisera was carried out on serum samples from 45 patients. the aetiology of pneumonia was shown by examination of the needle aspirate in 70/88 patients (79%), by ...	1977	343723
biomechanics and biochemistry of the intervertebral disks: the need for correlation studies.	the literature on the biomechanics of the intervertebral disk is reviewed with emphasis on biomechanical--biochemical--morphological correlative studies. the deficiency of definitive correlative studies is apparent and an appeal is made to interested investigators to fill in the voids in this extremely important area of study. a comprehensive theory of intervertebral disk failure awaits application of existing biomechanical, biochemical and morphological techniques in a detailed and methodical m ...	1977	343960
[differential diagnostic problems in the recognition of severe infections with plasmodium falciparum].		1977	347783
[macrophage migration inhibition factor].		1977	352001
[histochemistry of lipids and carbohydrate in the rat skin. the sebaceous gland and its duct].		1977	305621
[effect of ampevit hydrolysate on the pigment metabolism and antitoxic function of the liver in viral hepatitis].		1977	343051
effect of sensitization with propionibacterium acnes on the growth of listeria monocytogenes and treponema pallidum in rabbits.	sensitization of rabbits with propionibacterium acnes, a nonspecific stimulant of the reticuloendothelial system, was investigated as a means of enhancing resistance to treponema pallidum. a single i.v. dose of p. acnes given 3 or 7 days before challenge with listeria monocytogenes was capable of suppressing the growth of the heterologous organism, whereas a single i.v. dose 24 hr or 14 days before challenge was not. reactivation via i.v. elicitation with p. acnes 14 days after sensitization (1 ...	1977	401511
heterologous transfection with bacteriophage phix174 dna. unusual heterogeneous products.	hydroxylamine-resistant infectious materials (harim) synthesized in natural non-host and progeny phage low productive bacterial spheroplasts upon transfection with bacteriophage phix174 dna were found to be unusually heterogeneous in their forms. using pseudomonas aeruginosa as a source of harim, it was shown that they have the following unusual features. (1) almost all of the harim are denser than normal single-stranded (ss)- and double-stranded replicative form (rf)-dnas of phix174 found usual ...	1977	402155
the euglena gracilis chloroplast genome: analysis by restriction enzymes.	1. chloroplast dna was isolated from autotrophically and mixotrophically grown euglena gracilis cells. 2. aliquots of chloroplast dna were mechanically degraded to an average molecular weight of 4-7 x 10(6) and g+c-rich dna fragments (density 1.701 g/cm3) were separated from the bulk dna (density 1.685 g/cm3) using preparative cscl density gradients. 3. total chloroplast dna and its dna subfractions, which first were characterized with respect to average g+c content and hybridization capacity fo ...	1977	402266
adverse reactions and endotoxin content of polysaccharide vaccines.	adverse reactions occurring when 1.5 million children and young adults were vaccinated with different lots of group a meningococcal and one lot of haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide vaccines were analyzed on the basis of records kept by local health personnel and 19,000 special questionnaires. the incidence of anaphylactic reactions was 0.8 per 100,000 injections. a pyrogen-like reaction--high fever appearing soon after injection and disappearing within six hours--was seen in ...	1977	402298
cephalothin prophylaxis in cardiac valve surgery. a prospective, double-blind comparison of two-day and six-day regimens.	a prospective, double-blind study comparing a 6 day with a 2 day regimen of cephalothin prophylaxis was conducted among 200 patients undergoing prosthetic valve replacement. no cases of endocarditis occurred during the 2 month follow-up. sternal wound infection developed in 2.8 per cent of the 6 day group and 2.1 per cent of the 2 day group. pneumonia developed in 8.5 per cent of the 6 day and 5.3 per cent of the 2 day group; most of the bacteria isolated were susceptible to cephalothin. urinary ...	1977	402508
comparative analysis of three guinea pig satellite dna's by restriction nucleases.	the structures of guinea pig satellite dnas i, ii, and iii have been analyzed by digestion with seven restriction nucleases. from the cleavage patterns it is obvious that the long-range periodicities in these three satellites differ rather characteristically satellite i is fairly resistant to six nucleases and gives only a number of weak discrete bands which do not show a simple regularity. by the restriction nuclease from arthrobacter luteus, however, it is cleaved extensively and yields very h ...	1977	403072