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tissue uptake, distribution, and healing response after delivery of paclitaxel via second-generation iopromide-based balloon coating: a comparison with the first-generation technology in the iliofemoral porcine model.this study sought to evaluate vascular drug uptake, distribution and response of second-generation paclitaxel coated balloon (pcb) (cotavance, medrad interventional, indianola, pennsylvania) and compare it with first-generation technology, containing identical excipient and drug concentration.201323968706
heparin does not improve graft function in uncontrolled non-heart-beating lung donation: an experimental study in pigs.non-heart-beating donation (nhbd) has the potential to increase the number of patients treated with lung transplantation. our study investigated, in a simulated clinical situation in the uncontrolled nhbd setting, whether or not heparin administration after death affects the donor lung function.201322761497
descriptive and social network analysis of pig transport data recorded by quality assured pig farms in the uk.the aim of this study was to examine farm-to-farm pig movement connections, and the usage of hauliers and abattoirs, for farms in the united kingdom (uk), to determine the interconnectivity of the pig farm network and the implications this may have for the transmission and control of salmonella, which was chosen as an example of an important endemic disease. data were collected from three quality assurance schemes on the use of abattoirs and livestock hauliers by commercial pig farms, and the su ...201322959427
myocardium at risk can be determined by ex vivo t2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging even in the presence of gadolinium: comparison to myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography.determination of the myocardium at risk (mar) and final infarct size by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cmr) enables calculation of salvaged myocardium in acute infarction. t2-weighted imaging is performed prior to the administration of gadolinium, since gadolinium affects t2 tissue properties. this is, however, difficult in an ex vivo model since gadolinium must be administered for determination of infarct size by cmr. we aimed to test the ability of ex vivo t2-weighted imaging to assess ma ...201322822155
pathogenesis of african swine fever in domestic pigs and european wild boar.african swine fever (asf) is among the most important viral diseases that can affect domestic and feral pigs. both clinical signs and pathomorphological changes vary considerably depending on strain virulence and host factors. acute infections with highly virulent virus strains lead to a clinical course that resembles a viral haemorrhagic fever that is characterized by pronounced depletion of lymphoid tissues, apoptosis of lymphocyte subsets, and impairment of haemostasis and immune functions. i ...201323137735
genetic characterisation of a porcine bocavirus detected in domestic pigs in uganda.porcine bocaviruses (pobovs) are small linear ssdna viruses belonging to the genus bocavirus in the family parvoviridae. the genome encodes four proteins-the non-structural protein 1 (ns1), the np1 protein (unknown function) and the two structural proteins vp1 and vp2. in recent years, a number of different highly divergent pobov species have been discovered. pobovs have been shown to be present in pig populations in europe, asia and in the united states of america. in this study, we present the ...201323225112
mri quantification of left ventricular function in microinfarct versus large infarct in swine model.to quantify, using mri, the acute impacts of defined volume and sizes of coronary microemboli on myocardial viability and left ventricular (lv) function and to use lad occlusion/reperfusion, as a reference. a total of 28 farm pigs were used in this study. eight animals were used as controls. successful coronary interventions were performed under x-ray fluoroscopy in 16 pigs to induce microinfarct (delivery of 16 mm(3) of 40-120 μm) and large infarct (90 min lad occlusion/reperfusion). on day 3, ...201323065097
evaluation of domestic and yucatan swine nasal sinus anatomy as models for future sinonasal research of medications delivered by standard instruments used in functional endoscopic sinus surgery.there is a need to find an animal model to study new medications to improve mucosal wound healing after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (fess). current literature suggests swine as a potential candidate. the lack of information correlating swine computer tomography (ct) and endoscopic sinonasal anatomy prompted us to investigate them in the domestic and yucatan swine to determine their feasibility as models to test new medications and drug-embedded stents applied using fess techniques.201323038683
on-farm measurement of electrical conductivity for the estimation of ammonium nitrogen concentration in pig slurry.pig (sus scrofa domesticus) slurry (ps) is commonly applied as fertilizer to agricultural fields. knowledge of ps nitrogen content is essential for good management, but ps nitrogen content is highly variable, not only between farms but also within a farm. laboratory analysis of animal slurries is often expensive and impractical for routine farmer use. therefore, when slurry is spread on land, its fertilizer value is generally unknown, resulting in the risk of pollution. in this work, two rapid a ...201322565270
combined intravenous treatment with ascorbic acid and desferrioxamine to reduce myocardial reperfusion injury in an experimental model resembling the clinical setting of primary pci.during reperfusion of ischemic myocardium, oxygen-derived free radicals are produced and can cause deleterious effects, known as reperfusion injury. we aimed to determine if a combination of the antioxidant ascorbic acid and an iron-chelating agent desferrioxamine, which reduces the production of the hydroxyl radical via ferrum-catalyzed reactions, can exert a protective action against reperfusion injury.201322653244
tnf-α blockade improves early post-resuscitation survival and hemodynamics in a swine model of ischemic ventricular fibrillation.inflammatory cytokines have been implicated in the pathophysiology of post cardiac arrest syndrome, including myocardial dysfunction and hypotension, often leading to multi-organ system dysfunction and death. we hypothesized that administration of infliximab after return of spontaneous circulation (rosc) would ameliorate hypotension and myocardial dysfunction and prolong survival.201322683946
genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism analysis reveals recent genetic introgression from domestic pigs into northwest european wild boar populations.present-day genetic introgression from domestic pigs into european wild boar has been suggested in various studies. however, no hybrids have been identified beyond doubt mainly because available methods were unable to quantify the extent of introgression and rule out natural processes. genetic introgression from domestic pigs may have far-reaching ecological consequences by altering traits like the reproduction rate or immunology of wild boar. in this study, we demonstrate a novel approach to in ...201322731769
importance of atrial surface area and refractory period in sustaining atrial fibrillation: testing the critical mass hypothesis.the critical mass hypothesis for atrial fibrillation (af) was proposed in 1914; however, there have been few studies defining the relationship between atrial surface area and af. this study evaluated the effect of tissue area and effective refractory period (erp) on the probability of sustaining af in an in vivo model.201322995722
derivation and characterization of sleeping beauty transposon-mediated porcine induced pluripotent stem cells.the domestic pig is an important large animal model for preclinical testing of novel cell therapies. recently, we produced pluripotency reporter pigs in which the oct4 promoter drives expression of the enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp). here, we reprogrammed oct4-egfp fibroblasts employing the nonviral sleeping beauty transposon system to deliver the reprogramming factors oct4, sox2, klf4, and cmyc. successful reprogramming to a pluripotent state was indicated by changes in cell morpholo ...201322989381
biofunctionalization of the implant surface with different concentrations of a synthetic peptide (p-15).this study aimed at identifying the ideal concentration of a biofunctional surface coating of dental implants with a synthetic peptide (p-15). in a previous study, p-15 was shown to enhance osseointegration parameters.201322458517
methylation characteristics and developmental potential of guangxi bama minipig (sus scrofa domestica) cloned embryos from donor cells treated with trichostatin a and 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine.summary reprogramming of dna methylation in somatic cell nuclear transfer (scnt) embryos is incomplete, and aberrant dna methylation patterns are related to the inefficiency of scnt. to facilitate nuclear reprogramming, this study investigated the effect of treating guangxi bama minipig donor cells with trichostatin a (tsa), 5-aza-2'-deoxycytine (5-aza-dc), or combination of tsa and 5-aza-dc prior to nuclear transfer. analyses showed that there were no major changes in cell-cycle status among al ...201322355002
extrinsic primary afferent neurons projecting to the pylorus in the domestic pig--localization and neurochemical characteristics.the pig, as an omnivorous animal, seems to be especially valuable species in "gastrointestinal" experiments. the importance of the pylorus in the proper functioning of the digestive tract is widely accepted. although it is commonly known that sensory innervation plays an important role in the regulation of gastric activity and gastrointestinal tissue resistance, there is complete lack of data on the extrinsic afferents projecting to the swine pylorus. the present experiment has been designed to ...201424052481
tissue distribution of clonidine following intraforaminal implantation of biodegradable pellets: potential alternative to epidural steroid for radiculopathy.epidural steroid injections have shown efficacy in short-term pain relief, but often require repeated injections in order to provide continued pain relief. it has been suggested that a continuous, locally administered dose of an anti-inflammatory compound may provide sustained pain relief at doses lower than those needed with injections.201422996864
confirmation of intraosseous cannula placement based on pressure measured at the cannula during squeezing the extremity in a piglet model.we sought to assess the reliability of the method using the pressure measured at the intraosseous (io) cannula while squeezing the involved limb (p(squeezing)) in determining the position of the io needle and to compare its performance with that of the traditional confirmation method.201424036195
bacterial populations associated with early-stage adipocere formation in lacustrine waters.the preservation of soft tissue is a valuable evidence for forensic investigation as it may provide information about the cause and manner of death as well as the time since death. adipocere forms from the conversion of triglycerides in the neutral fats into stable fatty acids producing a solid white product which aids tissue preservation. adipocere will typically form in water-logged grave sites and aquatic environments. documentation on the chemical and microbiological changes that cause adipo ...201423989223
case report: pig attack with successful postexposure prophylaxis management.the domesticated pig or boar is ubiquitous to agriculture around the world and is an important food product in most countries. the males that are able to grow tusks that can approach 5 in are the primary contributor to morbidity and mortality from boar attacks. literature surrounding domesticated boar attacks is sparse. there are no published cases of domesticated boar attacks that describe successful bacterial postexposure prophylaxis. we present a case report of an attack on an adult female by ...201424332899
prolonged therapeutic hypothermia is more effective in attenuating brain apoptosis in a swine cardiac arrest model.to investigate whether 48 hours of therapeutic hypothermia is more effective to attenuate brain apoptosis than 24 hours and to determine whether the antiapoptotic effects of therapeutic hypothermia are associated with the suppressions of the cleavage of protein kinase c-δ, the cytosolic release of cytochrome c, and the cleavage of caspase 3 in a swine cardiac arrest model.201424145844
microvascular perfusion as a target for fluid resuscitation in experimental circulatory shock.to study regional perfusion during experimental endotoxemic and obstructive shock and compare the effect of initial cardiac output-targeted fluid resuscitation with optimal cardiac output-targeted resuscitation on different peripheral tissues.201424158169
mechanical ventilation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation with intermittent positive-pressure ventilation, bilevel ventilation, or chest compression synchronized ventilation in a pig model.mechanical ventilation with an automated ventilator is recommended during cardiopulmonary resuscitation with a secured airway. we investigated the influence of intermittent positive-pressure ventilation, bilevel ventilation, and the novel ventilator mode chest compression synchronized ventilation, a pressure-controlled ventilation triggered by each chest compression, on gas exchange, hemodynamics, and return of spontaneous circulation in a pig model.201424158168
juvenile domestic pigs (sus scrofa domestica) use human-given cues in an object choice task.research on the comprehension of human-given cues by domesticated as well as non-domesticated species has received considerable attention over the last decade. while several species seem to be capable of utilizing these cues, former work with domestic pigs (sus scrofa domestica) has shown inconclusive results. in this study, we investigated the use of human-given cues in an object choice task by young domestic pigs (n = 17; 7 weeks of age) who had very limited human contact prior to the experime ...201424197275
therapeutic safety of high myocardial expression levels of the molecular inotrope s100a1 in a preclinical heart failure model.low levels of the molecular inotrope s100a1 are sufficient to rescue post-ischemic heart failure (hf). as a prerequisite to clinical application and to determine the safety of myocardial s100a1 dna-based therapy, we investigated the effects of high myocardial s100a1 expression levels on the cardiac contractile function and occurrence of arrhythmia in a preclinical large animal hf model. at 2 weeks after myocardial infarction domestic pigs presented significant left ventricular (lv) contractile d ...201424305416
expression and genomic imprinting of the porcine rasgrf1 gene.imprinted genes play important roles in mammalian growth, development and behavior. the rasgrf1 (ras protein-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1) gene has been identified as an imprinted gene in mouse and rat. in the present study, we detected its sequence, imprinting status and expression pattern in the domestic pigs. a 228 bp partial sequence located in exon 14 and a 193 bp partial sequence located in exon 1 of the rasgrf1 gene in domestic pigs were obtained. a g/a transition, was id ...201424342659
cardiac expression and atrial fibrillation-associated remodeling of k₂p2.1 (trek-1) k⁺ channels in a porcine model.effective management of atrial fibrillation (af) often remains an unmet need. cardiac two-pore-domain k(+) (k2p) channels are implicated in action potential regulation, and their inhibition has been proposed as a novel antiarrhythmic strategy. k2p2.1 (trek-1) channels are expressed in the human heart. this study was designed to identify and functionally express porcine k2p2.1 channels. in addition, we sought to analyze cardiac expression and af-associated k2p2.1 remodeling in a clinically releva ...201424345461
molecular detection and genetic analysis of porcine bocavirus in korean domestic swine herds.several porcine bocaviruses have been detected worldwide, and this report is the first to describe this virus in a korean domestic swine herd. we identified porcine bocavirus in various samples, including serum, tissue, feces and saliva, which revealed that porcine bocavirus predominates in korean domestic swine populations. the results of this study also suggested that porcine bocaviruses primarily infect weaned piglets. phylogenetic analysis of the orf3 gene was performed to determine the gene ...201424352435
retrograde flush is more protective than heparin in the uncontrolled donation after circulatory death lung donor.formation of microthrombi after circulatory arrest is a concern for the development of reperfusion injury in lung recipients from donation after circulatory death (dcd) donors. in this isolated lung reperfusion study, we compared the effect of postmortem heparinization with preharvest retrograde pulmonary flush or both.201424378013
cell proliferation in the seminiferous and epididymal epithelia of sus domesticus.it is important to understand the proliferative activity of the different structures of the male reproductive apparatus in livestock species, such as sus domesticus, to ensure reproductive efficiency. the main aims of this study were (a) to evaluate the proliferative activity of the spermatogonia in the different stages of the seminiferous cycle and (b) to study the cell proliferation in the epididymal epithelium in each region, identifying the different cells involved. for this, the testes and ...201424418529
development of an animal model of fibrous cholangitis in pigs.the aim of this study was to develop a model of fibrous cholangitis in the offspring of gravid domestic pigs through the administration of 1,4-phenylene diisothiocyanate (ditc).201424410545
different distributions of prepromch and hypocretin/orexin in the forebrain of the pig (sus scrofa domesticus).neurons producing melanin-concentrating hormone (mch) or hypocretin/orexin (hcrt) have been implicated in the sleep/wake cycle and feeding behavior. sleep and feeding habits vary greatly among mammalian species, depending in part of the prey/predatory status of animals. however, the distribution of both peptides has been described in only a limited number of species. in this work, we describe the distribution of mch neurons in the brain of the domestic pig. using in situ hybridization and immuno ...201425124772
safety and efficacy of different paclitaxel-eluting balloons in a porcine model.paclitaxel-eluting balloons have shown high antiproliferative efficacy in the treatment and prevention of restenosis. nevertheless, not all available devices are equally effective, which makes it interesting to compare results in a preclinical model. our objective was to assess the preclinical efficacy and safety of different devices.201424863594
assessment of fetal cell chimerism in transgenic pig lines generated by sleeping beauty transposition.human cells migrate between mother and fetus during pregnancy and persist in the respective host for long-term after birth. fetal microchimerism occurs also in twins sharing a common placenta or chorion. whether microchimerism occurs in multiparous mammals such as the domestic pig, where fetuses have separate placentas and chorions, is not well understood. here, we assessed cell chimerism in litters of wild-type sows inseminated with semen of transposon transgenic boars. segregation of three ind ...201424811124
novel emboli protection cannula during cardiac surgery: first animal study.stroke after open heart surgery is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. up to 60% of intraoperative cerebral events are caused by emboli generated by manipulations of the aorta during surgery. this is the first animal study evaluating the safety and efficacy of a novel aortic cannula designed to extract solid and gaseous emboli during cardiac surgery.201424585639
abdominal hypertension and decompression: the effect on peritoneal metabolism in an experimental porcine study.the aim of this study was to investigate the abdominal metabolic response and circulatory changes after decompression of intra-abdominal hypertension in a porcine model.201424530179
prospects of improved classical swine fever control in backyard pigs through oral vaccination.success in controlling classical swine fever (csf) in regions with high proportions of pigs kept in small scale and low-biosecurity production systems, often referred to as backyard production, tends to be hampered by the lack of control strategies properly addressing the peculiarities of this epidemiologically important subpopulation. under many circumstances the commonly practiced parenteral immunisation using live attenuated c-strain vaccine shows limitations concerning outreach of services a ...201424511822
classical swine fever in europe--the current situation.classical swine fever (csf) is considered to be one of the most important viral diseases in pigs worldwide. in many parts of the world great efforts are being undertaken to reduce economic losses caused by csf or to eradicate the disease. among the member states of the european union (eu) a harmonized strategy for diagnosis, control and eradication of csf is applied. success of the common strategy is documented by the decreasing number of outbreaks during the last decade. the present article sum ...201424511821
genome-wide scans to detect positive selection in large white and tongcheng pigs.due to the direction, intensity, duration and consistency of genetic selection, especially recent artificial selection, the production performance of domestic pigs has been greatly changed. therefore, we reasoned that there must be footprints or selection signatures that had been left during domestication. in this study, with porcine 60k beadchip genotyping data from both commercial large white and local chinese tongcheng pigs, we calculated the extended haplotype homozygosity values of the two ...201424506146
import risk assessment incorporating a dose-response model: introduction of highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome into australia via illegally imported raw pork.highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) has spread through parts of south-east asia, posing a risk to australia. the objective of this study was to assess the probability of infection of a feral or domestic pig in australia with highly pathogenic prrs following ingestion of illegally imported raw pork. a conservative scenario was considered in which 500 g of raw pork was imported from the philippines into australia without being detected by border security, then di ...201424502944
epicardial ablation performance of a novel radiofrequency device on the beating heart in pigs.only bipolar clamps create reliable transmural lesions on the beating heart. this study evaluated the performance of a new radiofrequency (rf) device on the beating heart in an acute porcine model.201424484804
differences in vessel healing following delivery of everolimus or paclitaxel: a comparative experimental study using identical stent and biodegradable polymer platforms.we aimed to compare the vascular effects exclusive to antiproliferative agents by using identical stent and biodegradable polymeric matrices eluting everolimus (bp-ees) (carlo; balton) and paclitaxel (bp-pes) (luc-chopin2; balton) in the porcine model of coronary injury. a total of 37 stents were implanted with 110% overstretch in the coronary arteries of 14 domestic pigs: 13 bp-pes, 16 bp-ees and eight bare metal stents (bms) (chopin2; balton). coronary angiography was performed after 28 and 90 ...201424469344
miniaturized mechanical chest compressor improves calculated cerebral perfusion pressure without compromising intracranial pressure during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a porcine model of cardiac arrest.one of the major goals of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (cpr) is to provide adequate oxygen delivery to the brain for minimizing cerebral injury resulted from cardiac arrest. the optimal chest compression during cpr should effectively improve brain perfusion without compromising intracranial pressure (icp). our previous study has demonstrated that the miniaturized mechanical chest compressor improved hemodynamic efficacy and the success of cpr. in the present study, we investigated the effects o ...201424463224
the origin of bacteria responsible for bioerosion to the internal bone microstructure: results from experimentally-deposited pig carcasses.it is unclear whether the principal forms of bioerosion that are often found within the internal microstructure of human bone are produced by intrinsic gut microbiota or exogenous bacteria from the soil. the aim of this study was to attempt to resolve this issue through the histological analysis of bone sampled from experimentally-deposited domestic pig (sus scrofa) carcasses. confirmation of either scenario will dictate how patterns of bone bioerosion can be used in reconstructions of taphonomi ...201424763128
evaluation of genetic introgression from domesticated pigs into the ryukyu wild boar population on iriomote island in japan.we evaluated genetic introgression from domesticated pigs into the ryukyu wild boar (rwb) population on iriomote island based on their genetic structure and diversity. we used a combination of mitochondrial dna d-loop region (596 bp) polymorphisms and 23 microsatellite markers. rwbs (n = 130) were collected from 18 locations on iriomote island and compared with 66 reference samples of european and asian domestic pigs. we identified six distinct haplotypes, involving 22 single nucleotide polymorp ...201424754898
valsartan regulates myocardial autophagy and mitochondrial turnover in experimental hypertension.renovascular hypertension alters cardiac structure and function. autophagy is activated during left ventricular hypertrophy and linked to adverse cardiac function. the angiotensin ii receptor blocker, valsartan, lowers blood pressure and is cardioprotective, but whether it modulates autophagy in the myocardium is unclear. we hypothesized that valsartan would alleviate autophagy and improve left ventricular myocardial mitochondrial turnover in swine renovascular hypertension. domestic pigs were r ...201424752430
experimental ex vivo traumatic intrusion in the mandibular incisors of the farm pig, sus scrofa.traumatic intrusion of incisor teeth occurs frequently in young children, as well as in teens and adults; however, the biological mechanisms promoting negative sequelae or recovery are not well understood (oral surg oral med oral pathol oral radiol endod 2009;107:493 and vital health stat 11 2007;248:1). modeling intrusive trauma and post-traumatic healing in an animal model offers the opportunity to define these biological mechanisms and to inform the design of treatments. the objective of this ...201424751110
assessment of renal artery stenosis using intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging analysis.diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging is a powerful tool to assess renal morphology. however, its quantitative index, apparent diffusion coefficient (adc), derived from a conventional monoexponential model can vary with both functional and structural alterations as well as the choice of b values. in contrast, the intravoxel incoherent motion (ivim) biexponential model provides independent parameters that may represent broader aspects of renal pathophysiology. we hypothesized that ivim an ...201424743589
novel rope-based sampling of classical swine fever shedding in a group of wild boar showing low contagiosity upon experimental infection with a classical swine fever field strain of genotype 2.3.several classical swine fever (csf) epidemics in wild boar and domestic pigs in europe during the last decades have been caused by csf virus (csfv) strains of genotype 2.3. this genotype is known to be virulent leading to high morbidity and mortality. we experimentally infected two eight months old wild boar with 10(5,5) tcid50 of csfv genotype 2.3 and kept the animals together with five noninoculated wild boar of the same age. our original purpose was to evaluate a non-invasive sampling method ...201424698133
optical nerve identification in head and neck surgery after er:yag laser ablation.facial nerve function may be hampered by iatrogenic damage during head and neck laser surgery procedures. optical techniques can serve as a basis for feedback-controlled tissue-specific laser surgery on the jaw bone and the parotid gland. in order to preserve nerve tissue during laser surgery, the alteration of optical tissue properties through laser-tissue interactions have to be taken into account. it was the aim of this study to evaluate the viability of optical tissue differentiation through ...201424696381
law of cooling, heat conduction and stefan-boltzmann radiation laws fitted to experimental data for bones irradiated by co2 laser.the rate of cooling of domesticated pig bones is investigated within the temperature range of 20°c-320°c. within the afore-mentioned temperature range, it was found that different behaviors in the rate of cooling were taking place. for bones reaching a temperature within the lower temperature range of 20°c-50°c, it was found that the rate of cooling is mostly governed by the empirical newton's law of cooling. it is also shown that a transition is taking place somewhere within 50°c-100°c, where b ...201424688807
glued versus stapled anastomosis of the colon: an experimental study to determine comparative resistance to intraluminal pressure.this study compared the resistance of glued versus stapled anastomosis of the colon to intraluminal pressures at different times during healing.201424685174
ophthalmic artery microcatheterization for research purposes in pigs. a technical note.to describe a technique for micro catheterization of the external ophthalmic artery (eo) in pigs for investigational and training purposes.201424660750
porcine skin damage thresholds for 0.6 to 9.5 cm beam diameters from 1070-nm continuous-wave infrared laser radiation.there is an increasing use of high-power fiber lasers in manufacturing and telecommunications industries operating in the infrared spectrum between 1000 and 2000 nm, which are advertised to provide as much as 10 kw continuous output power at 1070 nm. safety standards have traditionally been based on experimental and modeling investigations with scant data available for these wavelengths. a series of studies using 1070-nm infrared lasers to determine the minimum visible lesion damage thresholds i ...201424658776
the impact of csfv on the immune response to control infection.the severity of the acute form of csf is responsible for the high mortality rate and has been the subject of many studies. nevertheless, some animals are likely to develop a mild, chronic, or unapparent form of the disease. paradoxically, this clinical form of the disease has not been well studied, especially regarding its pathogenesis. in this study, we investigated the infection in domestic pigs that is caused by the csfv cat01 strain, which is responsible for the 2001-2002 csfv outbreak in ca ...201424657786
microsporidia detection and genotyping study of human pathogenic e. bieneusi in animals from spain.microsporidia are ubiquitous parasites infecting all animal phyla and we present evidence that supports their zoonotic potential. fecal samples taken from domestic (cats and dogs), farm (pigs, rabbits and ostriches) and wild animals (foxes) from different provinces of spain were evaluated for microsporidia infection by light microscopy and pcr. after microsporidia species identification, e. bieneusi genotypes were additionally studied by sequence analysis of the its region. eighty-five samples o ...201424651457
the influence of bicuspid aortic valves on the dynamic pressure distribution in the ascending aorta: a porcine ex vivo model.the aim of the study was to simulate the effect of different bicuspid aortic valve configurations on the dynamic pressure distribution in the ascending aorta.201424644312
prenatal stress produces anxiety prone female offspring and impaired maternal behaviour in the domestic pig.numerous studies have shown that prenatal stress (pns) can have profound effects on postnatal well-being. here, the domestic pig (sus scrofa) was used to investigate pns effects owing to the direct relevance for farm animal welfare and the developing status of the pig as a large animal model in translational research. pregnant primiparous sows were exposed, in mid-gestation, to either a social stressor (mixing with unfamiliar conspecifics) or were kept in stable social groups. the ratio of level ...201424631303
a pro23his mutation alters prenatal rod photoreceptor morphology in a transgenic swine model of retinitis pigmentosa.functional studies have detected deficits in retinal signaling in asymptomatic children from families with inherited autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (rp). whether retinal abnormalities are present earlier during gestation or shortly after birth in a subset of children with autosomal dominant rp is unknown and no appropriate animal rp model possessing visual function at birth has been available to examine this possibility. in a recently developed transgenic p23h (tgp23h) rhodopsin swine m ...201424618321
comparison of self-efficacy and its improvement after artificial simulator or live animal model emergency procedure training.the objective of this study is to compare post-training self-efficacy between artificial simulators and live animal training for the performance of emergency medical procedures. volunteer airmen of the 81st medical group, without prior medical procedure training, were randomly assigned to two experimental arms consisting of identical lectures and training of diagnostic peritoneal lavage, thoracostomy (chest tube), and cricothyroidotomy on either the traumaman (simulab corp., seattle, washington) ...201424594468
protective effects of ranolazine and propranolol, alone or combined, on the structural and functional alterations of cardiomyocyte mitochondria in a pig model of ischemia/reperfusion.preventing the consequences of ischemia/reperfusion (i/r)-induced lesions in the clinic requires the administration of pharmacological agents prior to restoring coronary vascularization. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ranolazine and propranolol when administered either alone or combined prior to i/r induction in a pig model. thirty domestic pigs were randomly assigned to five groups of six animals including (i) sham animals; (ii) untreated animals with 45-min ischemia and 1 ...201423607936
activation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase by lps in a porcine model.indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (ido) is a rate-limiting enzyme for the degradation of tryptophan (trp) along the kynurenine (kyn) pathway, and its increased activation is associated with immunologic disorders. because the specific role of ido activation is not yet completely clear, the aim of the present study was to establish a pig model of ido activation for further research. the activation of ido in pigs was induced experimentally by lps stimulation in vivo and ex vivo. ido activation was charac ...201423606516
non-radiological method for three-dimensional implant position evaluation using an intraoral scan method.this technical innovation presents a method that reproduces the position of a dental implant after insertion without the reuse of x-ray radiation.201423799977
a comparison between rib fracture patterns in peri- and post-mortem compressive injury in a piglet model.forensic biomechanics is increasingly being used to explain how observed injuries occur. we studied infant rib fractures from a biomechanical and morphological perspective using a porcine model.201423867291
a lumen sizing workhorse guidewire for peripheral vasculature: two functions in one device.ideally, guidewires used during peripheral vasculature (pv) interventions could serve both as a therapy delivery platform and a diagnostic tool for real-time vessel sizing (2-in-1 function).201423592431
adenosine receptor expression in an experimental animal model of myocardial infarction with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction.adenosine, a purine nucleoside and a "retaliatory metabolite" in ischemia, is ubiquitous in the body and increases 100-fold during ischemia. its biological actions are mediated by four adenosine receptors (ars): a(1), a(2a), a(2b) and a(3). the aim of this study was to determine possible myocardial alterations in ar expression in an experimental animal model of myocardial infarction (mi) with a preserved left ventricular (lv) ejection fraction. lv tissue was collected from sexually mature male f ...201423843027
experimental evaluation of pharmacokinetic profile and biological effect of a novel paclitaxel microcrystalline balloon coating in the iliofemoral territory of swine.new paclitaxel coated balloons (pcb) developments have been proposed to maintain therapeutic levels of drug in the tissue while decreasing particle release. in this series of studies, we evaluated the pharmacokinetic profile and biological effects after paclitaxel delivery via novel microcrystalline pcb coating (mcpcb, pax®, balton) in porcine iliofemoral arteries.201423703720
highly porous hydroxyapatite with and without local harvested bone in sinus floor augmentation: a histometric study in pigs.sinus floor augmentation with autologous bone is an accepted treatment option in dental implantology. in this study, an entirely synthetic, nano-structured, hydroxyapatite-based bone substitute material (sbsm, nanobone(®); artoss, rostock, germany) was supplemented with a mixture of locally harvested bone to enhance osteogenesis.201423566297
a new approach for rapidly assessing the risk of aujeszky's disease reintroduction into a disease-free spanish territory by analysing the movement of live pigs and potential contacts with wild boar.aujeszky's disease (ad) causes significant economic losses in the spanish pig sector due to import trade restrictions imposed by disease-free countries. most regions of spain have achieved 'low ad prevalence' status as a result of an intensive national ad eradication programme involving vaccination and other measures. however, to achieve ad-free status that would eliminate trade restrictions, vaccination must be stopped. for this final stage of eradication, up to date and reliable estimates of t ...201423279743
[classifier of domestic pig (sus scrofa domesticus) automatic chromosome identification].automated chromosome classification is an essential task in cytogenetics of animals and plants. until now the automatic karyotyping systems were obtained only for human chromosomes. the main aim of this study was to develop the automatic pig chromosome classifier using image processing software "videotest-karyo 3.1". to solve this problem 1578 chromosomes from 47 metaphases were used. the constructed classifier was checked with the use of additional sample of metaphases classified in fully autom ...201425711088
[genetic components and the uncertainty of the phenotypic realization of the mass of newborns in domestic pigs sus scrofa l].in this article, we discuss the features of the genetic determination of a continuous quantitative trait, the mass of newborn offspring in populations of the domestic pig. we defined several components that determine the phenotypic trait, such as the maternal effect, complete dominance, interaction of the parental alleles in the genotype of the offspring, and the uncertainty of phenotypic realization of genotype. we found that a phenotypic trait of high genetic determinacy can also have a maximu ...201425711014
differential diptera succession patterns onto partially burned and unburned pig carrion in southeastern brazil.in the present contribution we compared the entomological succession pattern of a burned carcass with that of an unburned one. for that, we used domestic pig carcasses and focused on calliphoridae, muscidae and sarcophagidae flies, because they are the ones most commonly used in postmortem interval estimates. adult and immature flies were collected daily. a total of 27 species and 2,498 specimens were collected, 1,295 specimens of 26 species from the partially burned carcass and 1,203 specimens ...201425627597
epidemiology of african swine fever in poland since the detection of the first case.the purpose of this paper is to provide characteristics of the spread of african swine fever (asf) in poland from february to august, 2014. the samples from dead wild boar and domestic pigs were submitted to the national veterinary research institute, national reference laboratory for asf in pulawy, poland, for testing by pcr and elisa methods. in the studied period, fourteen cases of asf in wild boar and two outbreaks in backyard pigs were confirmed. in addition to the results of laboratory tes ...201425638980
a pilot experimental study of a catheter to facilitate treatment for penetrating cardiac injury.penetrating heart injuries result in high mortality. we designed a new catheter to facilitate the treatment of penetrating cardiac injuries and provide more effective initial bleeding control and fluid replacement.201425552144
gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome in göttingen minipigs (sus scrofa domestica).in the absence of supportive care, exposing göttingen minipigs to γ-radiation doses of less than 2 gy achieves lethality due to hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome. doses of 2 to 5 gy are associated with an accelerated hematopoietic syndrome, characterized by villus blunting and fusion, the beginning of sepsis, and a mild transient reduction in plasma citrulline concentration. we exposed male göttingen minipigs (age, 5 mo; weight, 9 to 11 kg) to γ-radiation doses of 5 to 12 gy (total body; (6 ...201425527026
detection of a novel single nucleotide polymorphism and imprinted status analysis of the ras protein-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 1 gene in domestic pigs.the aim of this study was to determine the imprinting status of the ras protein-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 1 (rasgrf1) gene in domestic pigs. in this study, a 228-bp partial sequence located in exon 14 and a 193-bp partial sequence located in exon 1 of the rasgrf1 gene in domestic pigs were obtained. a novel single nucleotide polymorphism, a g/a transition, was identified in rasgrf1 exon 14, and then the reciprocal berkshire x wannan black f1 hybrid model and the reverse transc ...201425511042
changes to soil bacterial profiles as a result of sus scrofa domesticus decomposition.the importance of cadaver decomposition knowledge for clandestine grave location cannot be over emphasised. notwithstanding this, only a limited understanding is available on the resulting soil microbial community dynamics. to address this paucity, a pig leg (sus scrofa domesticus; 5kg) was buried in freshly weighed (20kg) sandy loamy soil in a sealed microcosm (40cm height) in parallel with a soil only control. both microcosms were perforated nine times at equal distances and maintained outside ...201425447182
endoscopic ultrasound-assisted direct peritoneal visualization with a small-caliber scope: a proof of concept study in a swine model.laparoscopic and natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery techniques can diagnose peritoneal findings that suggest tumor cell dissemination. however, they have not been incorporated into routine practice, mainly owing to their complexity. to develop a minimally invasive endoscopic technique for the diagnosis of peritoneal findings, we conducted feasibility study using an acute swine model.201425485270
aberrant expression of mir-218 and mir-204 in human mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and hippocampal sclerosis-convergence on axonal guidance.mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mtle) is one of the most common types of the intractable epilepsies and is most often associated with hippocampal sclerosis (hs), which is characterized by pronounced loss of hippocampal pyramidal neurons. micrornas (mirnas) have been shown to be dysregulated in epilepsy and neurodegenerative diseases, and we hypothesized that mirnas could be involved in the pathogenesis of mtle and hs.201425410734
comparison of noga endocardial mapping and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for determining infarct size and infarct transmurality for intramyocardial injection therapy using experimental data.we compared the accuracy of noga endocardial mapping for delineating transmural and non-transmural infarction to the results of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cmri) with late gadolinium enhancement (le) for guiding intramyocardial reparative substance delivery using data from experimental myocardial infarction studies.201425409528
individualized early goal-directed therapy in systemic inflammation: is full utilization of preload reserve the optimal strategy?in severe acute pancreatitis, the administration of fluids in the presence of positive fluid responsiveness is associated with better outcome when compared to guiding therapy on central venous pressure. we compared the effects of such consequent maximization of stroke volume index with a regime using individual values of stroke volume index assessed prior to severe acute pancreatitis induction as therapeutic hemodynamic goals.201425402295
comparison of the genomic sequence of the microminipig, a novel breed of swine, with the genomic database for conventional pig.the microminipig, which weighs less than 10 kg at an early stage of maturity, has been reported as a potential experimental model animal. its extremely small size and other distinct characteristics suggest the possibility of a number of differences between the genome of the microminipig and that of conventional pigs. in this study, we analyzed the genomes of two healthy microminipigs using a next-generation sequencer solid™ system. we then compared the obtained genomic sequences with a genomic d ...201425398807
effects of intra-aortic balloon pump counterpulsation on left ventricular mechanoenergetics in a porcine model of acute ischemic heart failure.we investigated the effects of intra-aortic balloon pump (iabp) counterpulsation on left ventricular (lv) contractility, relaxation, and energy consumption and probed the underlying physiologic mechanisms in 12 farm pigs, using an ischemia-reperfusion model of acute heart failure. during both ischemia and reperfusion, iabp support unloaded the lv, decreased lv energy consumption (pressure-volume area, stroke work), and concurrently improved lv mechanical performance (ejection fraction, stroke vo ...201425376149
anticipation and frequency of feeding affect heart reactions in domestic pigs.measuring heart reactions has become a widely used method for the assessment of emotions. heart rate and its variability, which can quite easily be noninvasively recorded, reflect the inputs of the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the autonomous nervous system. we tested the hypothesis that frequent anticipation of a positive event results in an increased state of welfare in pigs, expressed as positive arousal in anticipation of announced feeding as well as lowered heart rate and augm ...201425349338
effect of cyclic tension on the biomechanical properties of flexor tendon grafts. results of an ex-vivo porcine study.autologous flexor tendons are widely used for anterior cruciate ligament (acl) reconstruction. pretension of the graft before fixation has been described as part of the surgical technique, nevertheless there is no consensus on the type and amount to tension needed to increase the stiffness without affecting its biomechanical properties.our hypothesis is cyclic tension increases flexor tendon stiffness without affecting its ultimate failure at maximum loads (ufml).201425266942
development of a fatal noncompressible truncal hemorrhage model with combined hepatic and portal venous injury in normothermic normovolemic swine.noncompressible truncal hemorrhage and brain injury currently account for most early mortality of warfighters on the battlefield. there is no effective treatment for noncompressible truncal hemorrhage, other than rapid evacuation to a surgical facility. the availability of an effective field treatment for noncompressible truncal hemorrhage could increase the number of warfighters salvaged from this frequently-lethal scenario. our intent was to develop a porcine model of noncompressible truncal h ...201425251401
multi-element analysis using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy for provenancing of animals at the continental scale.chemical signatures within the environment vary between regions as a result of climatological, geochemical and anthropogenic influences. these variations are incorporated into the region's geology, soils, water and vegetation; ultimately making their way through the food chain to higher level organisms. because the variation in chemical signatures between areas is significant, a specific knowledge of differences in elemental distribution patterns between, and within populations, could prove bene ...201425240220
chest compressions do not disrupt the seal created by the laryngeal mask airway during positive pressure ventilation: a preliminary porcine study.pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents occurs 20 to 30% of the time during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (cpr) of cardiac arrest due to loss of protective airway reflexes, pressure changes generated during cpr, and positive pressure ventilation (ppv). although the american heart association has recommended the laryngeal mask airway (lma) as an acceptable alternative airway for use by emergency medical service personnel, concerns over the capacity of the device to protect from pulmonary aspirat ...201425227646
high prevalence and genetic heterogeneity of porcine astroviruses in domestic pigs.porcine astroviruses (pastvs) are common and genetically diverse viruses of domestic pigs. in the present study, the prevalence of pastv in healthy domestic pigs in croatia was 89%. phylogenetic analysis revealed genetic heterogeneity among pastv sequences; five lineages were detected, with pastv-2 being predominant, while pastv-3 was detected for the first time outside north america.201425199509
nonradiological method for 3-dimensional implant position assessment using an intraoral scan: new method for postoperative implant control.this study presents a method to verify the position of dental implants after insertion without the repeated x-ray exposure.201425192152
creation of short microwave ablation zones: in vivo characterization of single and paired modified triaxial antennas.to characterize modified triaxial microwave antennas configured to produce short ablation zones.201425156644
histologic comparison of microscopic treatment zones induced by fractional lasers and radiofrequency.fractional photothermolysis induces microscopic, localized thermal injury in the skin surrounded by undamaged viable tissue in order to promote wound healing.201425148410
differentiation of meat from european wild boars and domestic pigs using polymorphisms in the mc1r and nr6a1 genes.wild boar meat cannot be easily distinguished from domestic pig meat, especially in processed products, thus it can be fraudulently substituted with cheaper domestic pork. in this study we genotyped polymorphisms in two genes (mc1r, affecting coat color and nr6a1, associated with number of vertebrae) in 293 domestic pigs of five commercial breeds, 111 wild boars sampled in italy, and 90 in slovenia and other western balkan regions. allele and genotype frequency data were used to set up a dna-bas ...201425134014
mixed signals from hybrid genomes.admixture results from interbreeding between individuals from different populations or species that were previously genetically isolated from each other (fig. ). identifying admixture events in the genome is not always a straightforward task, because the genetic signature left behind fades with time as recombination events fragment the genomic segments introduced during the interbreeding event. additionally, when the genetic architecture of populations or species that admix is not very different ...201425088552
a novel one-pot process for near-net-shape fabrication of open-porous resorbable hydroxyapatite/protein composites and in vivo assessment.we present a mild one-pot freeze gelation process for fabricating near-net, complex-shaped hydroxyapatite scaffolds and to directly incorporate active proteins during scaffold processing. in particular, the direct protein incorporation enables a simultaneous adjustment and control of scaffold microstructure, porosity, resorbability and enhancement of initial mechanical and handling stability. two proteins, serum albumin and lysozyme, are selected and their effect on scaffold stability and micros ...201425063103
atrial natriuretic peptide and vasopressin-presence in the ciliary body of eye in the pig (sus domesticus).the aqueous humor is produced in the ciliary body, therefore in this study we investigated the atrial natriuretic peptide (anp) and vasopressin (vp)-presence in the ciliary body of the pig eye since these peptide are involved in the homeostasis of body fluids. the results show anp-presence in the epithelial cells and in the endothelial cells of the blood vessels and vp-presence in the epithelial cells, in the endothelium of canal of schelmm and in the muscle cells of the blood vessels. these pep ...201425001668
proteomic analysis of domestic pig pancreas during development using two-dimensional electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry.pig pancreas may be a therapeutic resource for human diabetic patients. however, this potential is hindered by a lack of knowledge of the molecular events of pig pancreas development. in this study, the embryonic day 60, neonate and 6-month protein profiles of pig pancreas were ascertained at using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. twenty four proteins were differentially expressed during pig pancreas development ...201424999358
seasonal-dependent variations in metabolic status of spermatozoa and antioxidant enzyme activity in the reproductive tract fluids of wild boar/domestic pig hybrids.this study investigated seasonal changes in the metabolic performance of spermatozoa and activity of the antioxidant enzymes in the seminal plasma of three wild boar/domestic pigs (aged 1.5 to 2.5 years) and the activity of the antioxidant enzymes in fluids of the cauda epididymidis and vesicular glands from 16 wild boar/domestic pig hybrids (aged 1 to 3 years). parameters of the sperm metabolic activity, such as total motility, mitochondrial functions, and measurements of oxygen uptake, atp con ...201424988857
properties of novel composite meshes in chest wall reconstruction: a comparative animal study.novel composite meshes routinely used in laparoscopic hernia repair reportedly lead to fewer and less dense visceral adhesions and may provide a viable alternative in thoracic surgery as well.201424987475
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