Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| replication protein a (rpa1a) is required for meiotic and somatic dna repair but is dispensable for dna replication and homologous recombination in rice. | replication protein a (rpa), a highly conserved single-stranded dna-binding protein in eukaryotes, is a stable complex comprising three subunits termed rpa1, rpa2, and rpa3. rpa is required for multiple processes in dna metabolism such as replication, repair, and homologous recombination in yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae) and human. most eukaryotic organisms, including fungi, insects, and vertebrates, have only a single rpa gene that encodes each rpa subunit. arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) ... | 2009 | 19812186 |
| analysis of cmp-sialic acid transporter-like proteins in plants. | it is commonly accepted that sialic acids do not exist in plants. however, putative gene homologs of animal sialyltransferases and cmp-sialic acid transporters have been detected in the genomes of some plants. to elucidate the physiological functions of these genes, we cloned 2 cdnas from oryza sativa (japanese rice), each of which encodes a cmp-sialic acid transporter-like protein designated as oscstlp1 and oscstlp2. to examine the cmp-sialic acid transporter activity of oscstlp1 and oscstlp2, ... | 2009 | 19822337 |
| searching for new clues about the molecular cause of endomyocardial fibrosis by way of in silico proteomics and analytical chemistry. | endomyocardial fibrosis (emf) -is a chronic inflammatory disease of the heart with related pathology to that of late stage chaga's disease. indeed, both diseases are thought to result from auto-immune responses against myocardial tissue. as is the case that molecular mimicry between the acidic termini of trypanosoma cruzi ribosomal p0, p1 and p2beta (or simply tcp0, tcp1, and tcp2beta) proteins and myocardial tissue causes chaga's disease, excessive exposure to certain infections, toxins includi ... | 2009 | 19823676 |
| comparative genomic study of the thioredoxin family in photosynthetic organisms with emphasis on populus trichocarpa. | the recent genome sequencing of populus trichocarpa and vitis vinifera, two models of woody plants, of sorghum bicolor, a model of monocot using c4 metabolism, and of the moss physcomitrella patens, together with the availability of photosynthetic organism genomes allows performance of a comparative genomic study with organisms having different ways of life, reproduction modes, biological traits, and physiologies. thioredoxins (trxs) are small ubiquitous proteins involved in the reduction of dis ... | 2009 | 19825616 |
| fon2 spare1 redundantly regulates floral meristem maintenance with floral organ number2 in rice. | clavata signaling restricts stem cell identity in the shoot apical meristem (sam) in arabidopsis thaliana. in rice (oryza sativa), floral organ number2 (fon2), closely related to clv3, is involved as a signaling molecule in a similar pathway to negatively regulate stem cell proliferation in the floral meristem (fm). here we show that the fon2 spare1 (fos1) gene encoding a cle protein functions along with fon2 in maintenance of the fm. in addition, fos1 appears to be involved in maintenance of th ... | 2009 | 19834537 |
| transcript-based cloning of rrp46, a regulator of rrna processing and r gene-independent cell death in barley-powdery mildew interactions. | programmed cell death (pcd) plays a pivotal role in plant development and defense. to investigate the interaction between pcd and r gene-mediated defense, we used the 22k barley1 genechip to compare and contrast time-course expression profiles of blumeria graminis f. sp hordei (bgh) challenged barley (hordeum vulgare) cultivar c.i. 16151 (harboring the mla6 powdery mildew resistance allele) and its fast neutron-derived bgh-induced tip cell death1 mutant, bcd1. mixed linear model analysis identif ... | 2009 | 19861556 |
| a zinc finger transcription factor art1 regulates multiple genes implicated in aluminum tolerance in rice. | aluminum (al) toxicity is the major limiting factor of crop production on acid soils, but some plant species have evolved ways of detoxifying al. here, we report a c2h2-type zinc finger transcription factor art1 (for al resistance transcription factor 1), which specifically regulates the expression of genes related to al tolerance in rice (oryza sativa). art1 is constitutively expressed in the root, and the expression level is not affected by al treatment. art1 is localized in the nucleus of all ... | 2009 | 19880795 |
| impacts of seeding rate on interactions between rice and rice water weevils. | the rice water weevil, lissorhoptrus oryzophilus kuschel, is the most widely distributed and destructive early season insect pest of rice, oryza sativa l., in the united states. economic losses result primarily from feeding by the larval stage of this insect on the roots of flooded rice plants. prior studies suggest that infestations of rice water weevil larvae are more severe at low plant densities. moreover, because feeding by the rice water weevil reduces rice plant tillering, a process parti ... | 2009 | 19886448 |
| physicochemical and genetic analysis of an endemic rice variety, njavara (oryza sativa l.), in comparison to two popular south indian cultivars, jyothi (ptb 39) and ir 64. | njavara is a medicinal rice strain, endemic to kerala, south india, bestowed with medicinal qualities. genetic variations and some of the physicochemical properties were studied using standard molecular protocols and compared with those of nonmedicinal rice varieties: jyothi and ir 64. njavara showed 11 unique positive and 36 unique negative markers to differentiate it from jyothi and ir 64. genetic similarity coefficient studies showed two well-defined clusters separating njavara from jyothi an ... | 2009 | 19924858 |
| in plants, expression breadth and expression level distinctly and non-linearly correlate with gene structure. | compactness of highly/broadly expressed genes in human has been explained as selection for efficiency, regional mutation biases or genomic design. however, highly expressed genes in flowering plants were shown to be less compact than lowly expressed ones. on the other hand, opposite facts have also been documented that pollen-expressed arabidopsis genes tend to contain shorter introns and highly expressed moss genes are compact. this issue is important because it provides a chance to compare the ... | 2009 | 19930585 |
| pericarp color and haplotype diversity in weedy rice (o. sativa f. spontanea) from thailand. | weedy rice (oryza sativa f. spontanea) is an important resource for breeding and evolutionary studies. the present study was carried out to identify the genotype of weedy rice strains responsible for variation of pericarp color by sequencing exon 6 of the rc gene. haplotype analysis revealed that rice strains with light red- and red-pericarp lacked the 14 bp deletion in the rc gene, while rice strains with white-, brown and light green-pericarp contained the 14 bp deletion. a single nucleotide p ... | 2009 | 19943464 |
| evolutionary fate of rhizome-specific genes in a non-rhizomatous sorghum genotype. | what is the fate of organ-specific genes after the organ is lost? for sorghum propinquum and sorghum halepense genes that were previously shown to have rhizome-enriched expression, we have conducted comparative analysis of both coding regions and regulatory sequences in sorghum bicolor (non-rhizomatousness) and s. propinquum (rhizomatousness). most genes with rhizome-enriched expression appear to have similar numbers of paralogous copies in both genotypes, with only three of 24 genes studied sho ... | 2009 | 19002204 |
| blufensin1 negatively impacts basal defense in response to barley powdery mildew. | plants have evolved complex regulatory mechanisms to control the defense response against microbial attack. both temporal and spatial gene expression are tightly regulated in response to pathogen ingress, modulating both positive and negative control of defense. blufensin1 (bln1), a small peptide belonging to a novel family of proteins in barley (hordeum vulgare), is highly induced by attack from the obligate biotrophic fungus blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (bgh), casual agent of powdery mildew ... | 2009 | 19005086 |
| genome-wide comparative analysis of putative bidirectional promoters from rice, arabidopsis and populus. | a bidirectional promoter can regulate the expression of two flanking genes arranged in a divergent manner. although reports pertaining to bidirectional promoters on a genomic scale exist in mammals, little progress has been made in plants. in the present study, we performed a computational analysis of this unique class of promoters to identify overrepresented cis-regulatory motifs from three sequenced plant genomes: rice (oryza sativa), arabidopsis thaliana, and populus trichocarpa using the pla ... | 2009 | 18973799 |
| two rice phosphate transporters, ospht1;2 and ospht1;6, have different functions and kinetic properties in uptake and translocation. | plant phosphate (pi) transporters mediate the uptake and translocation of this nutrient within plants. a total of 13 sequences in the rice (oryza sativa) genome can be identified as belonging to the pi transporter (pht1) family. here, we report on the expression patterns, biological properties and the physiological roles of two members of the family: ospht1;2 (ospt2) and ospht1;6 (ospt6). expression of both genes increased significantly under pi deprivation in roots and shoots. by using transgen ... | 2009 | 18980647 |
| disruption of a novel gene for a nac-domain protein in rice confers resistance to rice dwarf virus. | rice dwarf virus (rdv) is a serious viral pest that is transmitted to rice plants (oryza sativa l.) by leafhoppers and causes a dwarfism in infected plants. to identify host factors involved in the multiplication of rdv, we screened tos17 insertion mutant lines of rice for mutants with reduced susceptibility to rdv. one mutant, designated rim1-1, did not show typical disease symptoms upon infection with rdv. the accumulation of rdv capsid proteins was also drastically reduced in inoculated rim1- ... | 2009 | 18980655 |
| reactome knowledgebase of human biological pathways and processes. | reactome (http://www.reactome.org) is an expert-authored, peer-reviewed knowledgebase of human reactions and pathways that functions as a data mining resource and electronic textbook. its current release includes 2975 human proteins, 2907 reactions and 4455 literature citations. a new entity-level pathway viewer and improved search and data mining tools facilitate searching and visualizing pathway data and the analysis of user-supplied high-throughput data sets. reactome has increased its utilit ... | 2009 | 18981052 |
| characterization of the genome expression trends in the heading-stage panicle of six rice lineages. | to study how changes in gene regulation shape phenotypic variations in rice, we performed a comparative analysis of genome expression in the heading-stage panicle from six lineages of cultivated and wild rice, including oryza sativa subsp. indica, japonica and javanica, o. nivara , o. rufipogon and o. glaberrima. while nearly three-quarters of the genes are expressed at a constant level in all six lineages, a large portion of the genome, ranging from 1767 to 4489 genes, exhibited differential ex ... | 2009 | 18996467 |
| novel cysteine-rich peptides from digitaria ciliaris and oryza sativa enhance tolerance to cadmium by limiting its cellular accumulation. | by means of functional screening using the cadmium (cd)-sensitive ycf1 yeast mutant, we have isolated a novel cdna clone, dccdt1, from digitaria ciliaris growing in a former mining area in northern japan, and have shown that it confers cd tolerance to the yeast cells, which accumulated almost 2-fold lower cd levels than control cells. the 521 bp dccdt1 cdna contains an open reading frame of 168 bp and encodes a deduced peptide, dccdt1, that is 55 amino acid residues in length, of which 15 (27.3% ... | 2009 | 19017626 |
| enhanced thermotolerance of e. coli by expressed oshsp90 from rice (oryza sativa l.). | a gene encoding the rice (oryza sativa l.) 90-kda heat shock protein (oshsp90) was introduced into escherichia coli using the pgex-6p-3 expression vector with a glutathione-s-transferase (gst) tag to analyze the possible function of this protein under heat stress for the first time. we compared the survivability of e. coli (bl21) cells transformed with a recombinant plasmid containing gst-oshsp90 fusion protein with control e. coli cells transformed with the plasmid containing gst and the wild t ... | 2009 | 18946700 |
| a rice kinase-protein interaction map. | plants uniquely contain large numbers of protein kinases, and for the vast majority of the 1,429 kinases predicted in the rice (oryza sativa) genome, little is known of their functions. genetic approaches often fail to produce observable phenotypes; thus, new strategies are needed to delineate kinase function. we previously developed a cost-effective high-throughput yeast two-hybrid system. using this system, we have generated a protein interaction map of 116 representative rice kinases and 254 ... | 2009 | 19109415 |
| hormones in the grains and roots in relation to post-anthesis development of inferior and superior spikelets in japonica/indica hybrid rice. | grain filling is usually not adequate in later-flowering inferior spikelets in japonica/indica (j/i) hybrid rice (oryza sativa) although it shows stronger hybrid vigor than indica/indica (i/i) hybrid. this study investigated the potential causes by examining changes in zeatin (z)+zeatin riboside (zr), indole-3-acetic acid (iaa), gibberellins (gas, ga(1)+ga(4)), and abscisic acid (aba) in spikelets and roots during the grain filling period. the inferior spikelets of j/i hybrid exhibited low rate ... | 2009 | 19117763 |
| overexpressed glutamine synthetase gene modifies nitrogen metabolism and abiotic stress responses in rice. | glutamine synthetase (gs; ec 6.3.1.2) is a key enzyme in nitrogen metabolism; it catalyzes the critical incorporation of inorganic ammonium into glutamine. two full-length cdnas that encode the rice (oryza sativa) cytosolic glutamine synthetase1 genes (osgs1;1 and osgs1;2) were isolated from a minghui 63 normalized cdna library, and glna encoding gs in escherichia coli was isolated by pcr amplification. transformants for gs gene (gs1;1, gs1;2, and glna) in rice were produced by an agrobacterium ... | 2009 | 19123004 |
| methylobacterium phyllosphaerae sp. nov., a pink-pigmented, facultative methylotroph from the phyllosphere of rice. | a pink-pigmented, aerobic, facultatively methylotrophic bacterial strain, cbmb27t, isolated from leaf tissues of rice (oryza sativa l. 'dong-jin'), was analysed using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. comparative 16s rrna gene sequence-based phylogenetic analysis placed the strain in a clade with the species methylobacterium oryzae, methylobacterium fujisawaense and methylobacterium mesophilicum; strain cbmb27t showed sequence similarities of 98.3, 98.5 and 97.3 %, respectively, to the type strai ... | 2009 | 19126717 |
| the plastidial 2-c-methyl-d-erythritol 4-phosphate pathway provides the isoprenyl moiety for protein geranylgeranylation in tobacco by-2 cells. | protein farnesylation and geranylgeranylation are important posttranslational modifications in eukaryotic cells. we visualized in transformed nicotiana tabacum bright yellow-2 (by-2) cells the geranylgeranylation and plasma membrane localization of gfp-bd-cvil, which consists of green fluorescent protein (gfp) fused to the c-terminal polybasic domain (bd) and cvil isoprenylation motif from the oryza sativa calmodulin, cam61. treatment with fosmidomycin (fos) or oxoclomazone (oc), inhibitors of t ... | 2009 | 19136647 |
| agriculture and the new challenges for photosynthesis research. | a rising human population and changing patterns of land use mean that world food production rates will need to be increased by at least 50% by 2050, a massive rise in harvestable yield per hectare of the major crops such as rice (oryza sativa) and wheat (triticum aestivum). combinations of breeding for improved morphology-related traits such as harvest index and increased inputs of water and fertilizer, which have sustained yield increases since the 1960s, will be neither sufficient nor sustaina ... | 2009 | 19140947 |
| consensus features of microsatellite distribution: microsatellite contents are universally correlated with recombination rates and are preferentially depressed by centromeres in multicellular eukaryotic genomes. | microsatellite dna is highly polymorphic and informative, which makes its distribution pattern and its associations very valuable for marker applications and genomic research in evolution. using computational and statistical approaches, based on database technology, we have demonstrated that microsatellite content is consistently and significantly 2 to 5 fold lower than the average chromosomal level in the centromeric and pericentromeric regions of the chromosomes of two plant species, arabidops ... | 2009 | 19146945 |
| oshsf7 gene in rice, oryza sativa l., encodes a transcription factor that functions as a high temperature receptive and responsive factor. | three novel class a genes that encode heat shock transcription factor (hsf) were cloned from oryza sativa l using a yeast hybrid method. the oshsf7 gene was found to be rapidly expressed in high levels in response to temperature, which indicates that it may be involved in heat stress reception and response. over-expression of oshsf7 in transgenic arabidopsis could not induced over the expression of most target heat stress-inducible genes of hsfs; however, the transcription of some hsf target gen ... | 2009 | 19192388 |
| antisense phenotypes reveal a functional expression of osarf1, an auxin response factor, in transgenic rice. | osarf1 is the first full-length member of auxin response factor (arf) gene family to be cloned from monocot plant. using quantitative rt-pcr this study found that, the transcript abundance of osarf1 was significantly higher in embryonic tissues than in vegetative tissues. to investigate the effect of osarf1 on the phenotype of rice, a cdna fragment of osarf1 was inserted in inverse orientation to the 35s promoter in vector pbin438 to produce an antisense (as) construction. the as-osarf1 construc ... | 2009 | 19193962 |
| different responses of two genes associated with disease resistance loci in maize (zea mays l.) to 3-allyloxy-1,2-benzothiazole 1,1-dioxide. | probenazole (3-allyloxy-1,2-benzothiazole 1,1-dioxide, pbz) is a bactericide and fungicide that acts by inducing plant defense systems. it has been shown to induce the expression of nbs-lrr genes like rpr1 (rice probenazole-response gene) in rice (oryza sativa l.) and systemic acquired resistance (sar)-like disease resistance. two maize (zea mays l.) genes zmnbslrr1 (a nbs-lrr gene, cloned from a disease resistance analog pic11 based) and zmgc1, (a putative guanylyl cyclase-like gene) have both ... | 2009 | 19193968 |
| computational prediction of novel non-coding rnas in arabidopsis thaliana. | non-coding rna (ncrna) genes do not encode proteins but produce functional rna molecules that play crucial roles in many key biological processes. recent genome-wide transcriptional profiling studies using tiling arrays in organisms such as human and arabidopsis have revealed a great number of transcripts, a large portion of which have little or no capability to encode proteins. this unexpected finding suggests that the currently known repertoire of ncrnas may only represent a small fraction of ... | 2009 | 19208137 |
| osmt1a, a type 1 metallothionein, plays the pivotal role in zinc homeostasis and drought tolerance in rice. | metallothioneins (mts) are small, cysteine-rich, metal-binding proteins that may be involved in metal homeostasis and detoxification in both plants and animals. osmt1a, encoding a type 1 metallothionein, was isolated via suppression subtractive hybridization from brazilian upland rice (oryza sativa l. cv. iapar 9). expression analysis revealed that osmt1a predominantly expressed in the roots, and was induced by dehydration. interestingly, the osmt1a expression was also induced specifically by zn ... | 2009 | 19229638 |
| role of oshal3 protein, a putative 4'-phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase in rice. | in this study, we cloned the oshal3 gene from rice oryza sativa. alignment analysis revealed that oshal3 has a high sequence identity to dfp protein in escherichia coli and athal3a protein in arabidopsis thaliana, which have 4'-phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase (ppc-dc) activity. oshal3 can complement mutation in the e. coli dfp gene encoding ppc-dc, so that the mutant strains with oshal3 can grow on rich media at 42 degrees c and on vb minimal media at 30 degrees c. complementation test ... | 2009 | 19232050 |
| rice virescent3 and stripe1 encoding the large and small subunits of ribonucleotide reductase are required for chloroplast biogenesis during early leaf development. | the virescent3 (v3) and stripe1 (st1) mutants in rice (oryza sativa) produce chlorotic leaves in a growth stage-dependent manner under field conditions. they are temperature-conditional mutants that produce bleached leaves at a constant 20 degrees c or 30 degrees c but almost green leaves under diurnal 30 degrees c/20 degrees c conditions. here, we show v3 and st1, which encode the large and small subunits of ribonucleotide reductase (rnr), rnrl1, and rnrs1, respectively. rnr regulates the rate ... | 2009 | 19297585 |
| the domestication process and domestication rate in rice: spikelet bases from the lower yangtze. | the process of rice domestication occurred in the lower yangtze region of zhejiang, china, between 6900 and 6600 years ago. archaeobotanical evidence from the site of tianluoshan shows that the proportion of nonshattering domesticated rice (oryza sativa) spikelet bases increased over this period from 27% to 39%. over the same period, rice remains increased from 8% to 24% of all plant remains, which suggests an increased consumption relative to wild gathered foods. in addition, an assemblage of a ... | 2009 | 19299619 |
| the molecular biology of seasonal flowering-responses in arabidopsis and the cereals. | in arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana), flowering locus t (ft) and flowering locus c (flc) play key roles in regulating seasonal flowering-responses to synchronize flowering with optimal conditions. ft is a promoter of flowering activated by long days and by warm conditions. flc represses ft to delay flowering until plants experience winter. | 2009 | 19304997 |
| efficient in vitro plant regeneration via leaf base segments of indica rice (oryza sativa l.). | a reliable and reproducible protocol has been developed for high frequency plant regeneration from 4-5 mm long leaf base segments of 4 days old in vitro germinated seedlings of indica rice (oryza sativa) cultivar rasi. the effect of age of seedlings, position of leaf base segments and optimum concentration of 2,4-d on callus induction frequency was investigated with a future aim to use leaf bases for biolistic and agrobacterium-mediated transformation experiments. friable, nodular and white to p ... | 2009 | 19317355 |
| saturation and comparative mapping of the genomic region harboring hessian fly resistance gene h26 in wheat. | resistance gene h26, derived from aegilops tauschii coss., is one of the most effective r genes against the hessian fly [mayetiola destructor (say)], an important pest of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). using a limited number of pcr-based molecular markers a previous study mapped h26 to the wheat chromosomal deletion bin 3dl3-0.81-1.00. the objectives of this study were to saturate the chromosomal region harboring h26 with newly developed pcr-based markers and to investigate the collinearity of th ... | 2009 | 19322558 |
| one novel mitochondrial citrate synthase from oryza sativa l. can enhance aluminum tolerance in transgenic tobacco. | rice exhibits the greatest aluminum (al) tolerance compared with other cereals such as wheat, barley, maize, etc. a full-length gene, oscs1, encoding citrate synthase, which is highly induced by aluminum toxicity in rice (oryza sativa l.), was isolated. sequence analysis and the sub-cellular localization of oscs1 in yeast revealed that it is a mitochondrial citrate synthase. oscs1 was induced by al toxicity. several independent transgenic tobacco lines expressing oscs 1 exhibited increased citra ... | 2009 | 19326262 |
| phylogenetic analysis, subcellular localization, and expression patterns of rpd3/hda1 family histone deacetylases in plants. | although histone deacetylases from model organisms have been previously identified, there is no clear basis for the classification of histone deacetylases under the rpd3/hda1 superfamily, particularly on plants. thus, this study aims to reconstruct a phylogenetic tree to determine evolutionary relationships between rpd3/hda1 histone deacetylases from six different plants representing dicots with arabidopsis thaliana, populus trichocarpa, and pinus taeda, monocots with oryza sativa and zea mays, ... | 2009 | 19327164 |
| lysobacter oryzae sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere of rice (oryza sativa l.). | the taxonomic position of a novel bacterial strain, yc6269(t), isolated from the rhizosphere of rice (oryza sativa l.) managed under no-tillage practice in jinju, south korea, was studied using polyphasic approach. cells of the strain were gram-negative, rod-shaped and facultatively anaerobic. the novel strain grew at a temperature of 15-42 degrees c (optimum at 28 degrees c). growth of the strain occurred between ph 5.5 and 11.0, with an optimum at ph 7.0-8.0. the g+c content of the total dna w ... | 2009 | 19329586 |
| soil salinity and exchangeable cations in a wastewater irrigated area, india. | the salinity and cation composition of water and soil were documented in a large (98 km(2)) wastewater-irrigated area (wia) downstream of hyderabad, india. the wastewater, which flows in a river that passes through the city, had a high to very high salinity hazard (ec = 1.1-3.0 ds m(-1)) that increased with distance from the city. the ec of soil irrigated by wastewater sampled within 8 km of the city was 6.2 to 8.4 times the ec of soil irrigated by uncontaminated groundwater. between 57 to 100% ... | 2009 | 19329677 |
| assessment of gene flow from a herbicide-resistant indica rice (oryza sativa l.) to the costa rican weedy rice (oryza sativa) in tropical america: factors affecting hybridization rates and characterization of f1 hybrids. | herbicide-resistant rice cultivars allow selective weed control. a glufosinate indica rice has been developed locally. however, there is concern about weedy rice becoming herbicide resistant through gene flow. therefore, assessment of gene flow from indica rice cultivars to weedy rice is crucial in tropical america. a field trial mimicking crop-weed growing patterns was established to assess the rate of hybridization between a costa rican glufosinate-resistant rice line (ppt-r) and 58 weedy rice ... | 2009 | 19330532 |
| codon usage bias is correlated with gene expression levels in the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe. | usage of synonymous codons represents a characteristic pattern of preference in each organism. it has been inferred that such bias of codon usage has evolved as a result of adaptation for efficient synthesis of proteins. here we examined synonymous codon usage in genes of the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe, and compared codon usage bias with expression levels of the gene. in this organism, synonymous codon usage bias was correlated with expression levels of the gene; the bias was most o ... | 2009 | 19335619 |
| expression of an elicitor-encoding gene from magnaporthe grisea enhances resistance against blast disease in transgenic rice. | elicitors are molecules that stimulate defense responses in plants. previously, an elicitor-encoding gene, named pemg1, was isolated from magnaporthe grisea. to assess the function of pemg1 in rice (oryza sativa l. cv. nipponbare), the gene was cloned under a constitutive maize ubiquitin promoter and introduced into nipponbare cultivar. the resultant plants showed stable integration and constitutive expression of the pemg1 gene. the expression of defense-related gene for phenylalanine ammonia-ly ... | 2009 | 19337737 |
| timing and biosynthetic potential for carotenoid accumulation in genetically diverse germplasm of maize. | enhancement of the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway in food crops benefits human health and adds commercial value of natural food colorants. however, predictable metabolic engineering or breeding is limited by the incomplete understanding of endogenous pathway regulation, including rate-controlling steps and timing of expression in carotenogenic tissues. the grass family (poaceae) contains major crop staples, including maize (zea mays), wheat (triticum aestivum), rice (oryza sativa), sorghum (sor ... | 2009 | 19346441 |
| plant proteomics update (2007-2008): second-generation proteomic techniques, an appropriate experimental design, and data analysis to fulfill miape standards, increase plant proteome coverage and expand biological knowledge. | this review is the continuation of three previously published articles [jorrin jv, maldonado am, castillejo ma. plant proteome analysis: a 2006 update. proteomics 2007; 7: 2947-2962; rossignol m, peltier jb, mock hp, matros a, maldonado am, jorrin jv. plant proteome analysis: a 2004-2006 update. proteomics 2006; 6: 5529-5548; canovas fm, dumas-gaudot e, recorbet g, jorrin j, mock hp, rossignol m. plant proteome analysis. proteomics 2004; 4: 285-298] and aims to update the contribution of proteom ... | 2009 | 19367730 |
| antioxidant activity of commonly consumed cereals, millets, pulses and legumes in india. | plant foods are important due to their antioxidant activity (aoa) attributed to the phenolics which are known to protect organisms against harmful effects of oxygen radicals. however, information on antioxidant activity of indian plant foods is scanty. therefore, the present study evaluated the aoa of cereals, millets, pulses and legumes, commonly consumed in india and assessed the relationship with their total phenolic content (tpc). aoa was assessed by dpph (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl) rad ... | 2009 | 19374263 |
| disruption of osysl15 leads to iron inefficiency in rice plants. | uptake and translocation of metal nutrients are essential processes for plant growth. graminaceous species release phytosiderophores that bind to fe(3+); these complexes are then transported across the plasma membrane. we have characterized osysl15, one of the rice (oryza sativa) ys1-like (ysl) genes that are strongly induced by iron (fe) deficiency. the osysl15 promoter fusion to beta-glucuronidase showed that it was expressed in all root tissues when fe was limited. in low-fe leaves, the promo ... | 2009 | 19376836 |
| a mobile secretory vesicle cluster involved in mass transport from the golgi to the plant cell exterior. | secretory proteins and extracellular glycans are transported to the extracellular space during cell growth. these materials are carried in secretory vesicles generated at the trans-golgi network (tgn). analysis of the mammalian post-golgi secretory pathway demonstrated the movement of separated secretory vesicles in the cell. using secretory carrier membrane protein 2 (scamp2) as a marker for secretory vesicles and tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) by-2 cell as a model cell, we characterized the trans ... | 2009 | 19376937 |
| ectopic expression of a rice protein phosphatase 2c gene osbipp2c2 in tobacco improves disease resistance. | protein phosphatase 2cs (pp2cs) have been demonstrated to play critical roles in regulation of plant growth/development, abscisic acid signaling pathway and adaptation to environmental stresses. here we report the cloning and molecular characterization of a novel rice protein phosphatase 2c gene, osbipp2c2 (oryza sativa l. bth-induced protein phosphatase 2c 2). osbipp2c2 has three alternatively spliced transcripts and the largest transcript osbipp2c2a encodes a 380 aa protein containing all 11 c ... | 2009 | 19381642 |
| a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based assay for indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetase. | indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) amide conjugates play an important role in balancing levels of free iaa in plant cells. the gh3 family of proteins conjugates free iaa with various amino acids. for example, auxin levels modulate expression of the oryza sativa (rice) gh3-8 protein, which acts to prevent iaa accumulation by coupling the hormone to aspartate. to examine the kinetic properties of the enzyme, we developed a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms) assay system. bacterially ... | 2009 | 19393612 |
| predictions of spatially averaged cadmium contents in rice grains in the fuyang valley, p.r. china. | soils in the fuyang valley (zhejiang province, southeast china) have been contaminated by heavy metals. since rice (oryza sativa l.) is the dominant crop in the valley and because of its tendency to accumulate cd in its grains, assessment of the human health risk resulting from consumption of locally produced rice is needed. in this study, we used a regression model to predict the average cd content in rice grains for paddy fields. the multiple linear model for log(cd) content in rice grains wit ... | 2009 | 19398510 |
| identification of elicitor-responsive proteins in rice leaves by a proteomic approach. | experiments were conducted to identify the differentially expressed proteins in rice (oryza sativa l.) plants after treatment with the glycoprotein elicitor csb i, purified from zc(13), a race of the rice blast fungus magnaporthe grisea. the interactions of two near isogenic lines of rice, c101a51 and co39, with zc(13) resulted in completely incompatible and compatible types, respectively. proteins were extracted from rice leaves at 12 and 24 h after treatment with csb i. temporal changes in tot ... | 2009 | 19405028 |
| multiple alleles at early flowering 1 locus making variation in the basic vegetative growth period in rice (oryza sativa l.). | a recently established rice breeding program in low latitudes aims to develop varieties with extremely long basic vegetative growth (bvg) periods and weak photoperiod sensitivities. the taiwanese japonica variety taichung 65 (t65) harbors a recessive allele ef1 at the ef1 (early flowering 1) locus, thereby exhibiting an extremely long bvg period. the previous reported functional allele ehd1 (early heading date 1), located on chromosome 10, encodes a b-type response regulator, thereby shortening ... | 2009 | 19407983 |
| osmsra4.1 and osmsrb1.1, two rice plastidial methionine sulfoxide reductases, are involved in abiotic stress responses. | in proteins, methionine residues are especially sensitive to oxidation, leading to the formation of s- and r-methionine sulfoxide diastereoisomers, and these two methionine sulfoxides can be specifically reversed by two types of methionine sulfoxide reductases (msrs), msra and msrb. previously, we have identified a gene encoding a putative msr from nacl-treated roots of brazilian upland rice (oryza sativa l. cv. iapar 9) via subtractive suppression hybridization (wu et al. in plant sci 168:847-8 ... | 2009 | 19415325 |
| potential gene flow from transgenic rice (oryza sativa l.) to different weedy rice (oryza sativa f. spontanea) accessions based on reproductive compatibility. | the possibility of gene flow from transgenic crops to wild relatives may be affected by reproductive capacity between them. the potential gene flow from two transgenic rice lines containing the bar gene to five accessions of weedy rice (wr1-wr5) was determined through examination of reproductive compatibility under controlled pollination. | 2009 | 19418443 |
| selective bactericidal potential of rice (oryza sativa l. var. japonica) hull extract on microcystis strains in comparison with green algae and zooplankton. | we examined the selective inhibitory potential of rice hull extract on the toxic cyanobacterium microcystis aeruginosa, in comparison with inhibitory effects on two green algae (ankistrodesmus convolutus and scenedesmus quadricauda) and a zooplankton (daphnia magna) species. the inhibitory effect of rice hull extract, measured by algal growth or zooplankton survival using four different concentrations of extract (1, 10, 100 and 1000 microg l(-1)), was highest on microcystis strains (average: 98% ... | 2009 | 19434356 |
| suppressed expression of retrograde-regulated male sterility restores pollen fertility in cytoplasmic male sterile rice plants. | conflict/reconciliation between mitochondria and nuclei in plants is manifested by the fate of pollen (viable or nonviable) in the cytoplasmic male sterility (cms)/fertility restoration (rf) system. through positional cloning, we identified a nuclear candidate gene, retrograde-regulated male sterility (rms) for rf17, a fertility restorer gene for chinese wild rice (cw)-type cms in rice (oryza sativa l.). rna interference-mediated gene silencing of rms restored fertility to a cms plant, whereas i ... | 2009 | 19458265 |
| population structure and association mapping on chromosome 7 using a diverse panel of chinese germplasm of rice (oryza sativa l.). | the majority of 170 rice accessions used in this study were diverse landraces or varieties from a putative mini-core collection of chinese germplasm along with some widely used parental lines in genetic analysis or breeding (a few from abroad). the population was genotyped using 84 ssr or indel markers on chromosome 7 and 48 markers on other chromosomes. the phenotyping of heading date, plant height and panicle length were carried out in different locations for 2 years. based on morphological ch ... | 2009 | 19458933 |
| orymold: ontology based gene expression data integration and analysis tool applied to rice. | integration and exploration of data obtained from genome wide monitoring technologies has become a major challenge for many bioinformaticists and biologists due to its heterogeneity and high dimensionality. a widely accepted approach to solve these issues has been the creation and use of controlled vocabularies (ontologies). ontologies allow for the formalization of domain knowledge, which in turn enables generalization in the creation of querying interfaces as well as in the integration of hete ... | 2009 | 19463186 |
| the arabidopsis thaliana putative sialyltransferase resides in the golgi apparatus but lacks the ability to transfer sialic acid. | a common feature of the animal sialyltransferases (sts) is the presence of four conserved motifs, namely large (l), small (s), very small (vs) and motif iii. although sialic acid (sa) has not been detected in plants, three orthologues containing sequences similar to the st motifs have been identified in the arabidopsis thaliana l. database. in this study, we report that the at3g48820 gene (gene id: 824043) codes for a golgi resident protein lacking the ability to transfer sa to asialofetuin or g ... | 2009 | 19470101 |
| mer3 is required for normal meiotic crossover formation, but not for presynaptic alignment in rice. | mer3, a zmm protein, is required for the formation of crossovers in saccharomyces cerevisiae and arabidopsis. here, mer3, the first identified zmm gene in a monocot, is characterized by map-based cloning in rice (oryza sativa). the null mutation of mer3 results in complete sterility without any vegetative defects. cytological analyses show that chiasma frequency is reduced dramatically in mer3 mutants and the remaining chiasmata distribute randomly among different pollen mother cells, implying p ... | 2009 | 19470578 |
| development of insect-resistant transgenic rice with cry1c*-free endosperm. | yellow stem borer (tryporyza incertulas walker), striped stem borer (chilo suppressalis walker) and leaf folder (cnaphalocrocis medinalis guenec) are three lepidopteran pests that cause severe damage to rice in many areas of the world. in this study, novel insect-resistant transgenic rice was developed in which bt protein expression was nearly absent in the endosperm. the resistant gene, cry1c*, driven by the rice rbcs promoter (small subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase), ... | 2009 | 19479952 |
| evaluation of soil characteristics potentially affecting arsenic concentration in paddy rice (oryza sativa l.). | paddy rice may contribute considerably to the human intake of as. the knowledge of soil characteristics affecting the as content of the rice plant enables the development of agricultural measures for controlling as uptake. during field surveys in 2004 and 2006, plant samples from 68 fields (italy, po-area) revealed markedly differing as concentration in polished rice. the soil factors total as(aqua regia), ph, grain size fractions, total c, plant available p(cal), poorly crystalline fe(oxal.) an ... | 2009 | 19482396 |
| diversity in expression patterns and functional properties in the rice hkt transporter family. | plant growth under low k(+) availability or salt stress requires tight control of k(+) and na(+) uptake, long-distance transport, and accumulation. the family of membrane transporters named hkt (for high-affinity k(+) transporters), permeable either to k(+) and na(+) or to na(+) only, is thought to play major roles in these functions. whereas arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) possesses a single hkt transporter, involved in na(+) transport in vascular tissues, a larger number of hkt transporters ... | 2009 | 19482918 |
| glycinebetaine-induced water-stress tolerance in coda-expressing transgenic indica rice is associated with up-regulation of several stress responsive genes. | rice (oryza sativa l.), a non-accumulator of glycinebetaine (gb), is highly susceptible to abiotic stress. transgenic rice with chloroplast-targeted choline oxidase encoded by the coda gene from arthrobacter globiformis has been evaluated for inheritance of transgene up to r5 generation and water-stress tolerance. during seedling, vegetative and reproductive stages, transgenic plants could maintain higher activity of photosystem ii and they show better physiological performance, for example, enh ... | 2009 | 19490479 |
| mucilaginibacter oryzae sp. nov., isolated from soil of a rice paddy. | a gram-negative-staining, non-spore-forming bacterium devoid of flagella, designated strain b9(t), was isolated from rice paddy soil associated with the roots of oryza sativa collected from jinju, south korea. cells were straight rods, were catalase- and oxidase-positive and were able to hydrolyse pectin, xylan and laminarin. growth of strain b9(t) was observed between 15 and 35 degrees c (optimum 25-30 degrees c) and between ph 5.0 and 8.0 (optimum ph 6.5-7.5). strain b9(t) contained menaquinon ... | 2009 | 19502333 |
| identification of a new rice blast resistance gene, pid3, by genomewide comparison of paired nucleotide-binding site--leucine-rich repeat genes and their pseudogene alleles between the two sequenced rice genomes. | rice blast, caused by magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the most devastating diseases. the two major subspecies of asian cultivated rice (oryza sativa l.), indica and japonica, have shown obvious differences in rice blast resistance, but the genomic basis that underlies the difference is not clear. we performed a genomewide comparison of the major class of resistant gene family, the nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat (nbs-lrr) gene family, between 93-11 (indica) and nipponbare (japonica) wi ... | 2009 | 19506306 |
| rice osacdr1 (oryza sativa accelerated cell death and resistance 1) is a potential positive regulator of fungal disease resistance. | rice oryza sativa accelerated cell death and resistance 1 (osacdr1) encodes a putative raf-like mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase (mapkkk). we had previously reported upregulation of the osacdr1 transcript by a range of environmental stimuli involved in eliciting defense-related pathways. here we apply biochemical, gain and loss-of-function approaches to characterize osacdr1 function in rice. the osacdr1 protein showed autophosphorylation and possessed kinase activity. rice plants o ... | 2009 | 19904499 |
| effects of colonization of a bacterial endophyte, azospirillum sp. b510, on disease resistance in rice. | agriculturally important grasses contain numerous diazotrophic bacteria, the interactions of which are speculated to have some other benefits to the host plants. in this study, we analyzed the effects of a bacterial endophyte, azospirillum sp. b510, on disease resistance in host rice plants. rice plants (oryza sativa cv. nipponbare) were inoculated with b510 exhibited enhanced resistance against diseases caused by the virulent rice blast fungus magnaporthe oryzae and by the virulent bacterial pa ... | 2009 | 19966496 |
| antagonistic hlh/bhlh transcription factors mediate brassinosteroid regulation of cell elongation and plant development in rice and arabidopsis. | in rice (oryza sativa), brassinosteroids (brs) induce cell elongation at the adaxial side of the lamina joint to promote leaf bending. we identified a rice mutant (ili1-d) showing an increased lamina inclination phenotype similar to that caused by br treatment. the ili1-d mutant overexpresses an hlh protein homologous to arabidopsis thaliana paclobutrazol resistance1 (pre1) and the human inhibitor of dna binding proteins. overexpression and rna interference suppression of ili1 increase and reduc ... | 2009 | 20009022 |
| characterization of interspecific hybrids and backcross progenies from a cross between oryza minuta and oryza sativa. | oryza minuta, a tetraploid wild relative of cultivated rice, is an important source for the genetic improvement. interspecific hybrids were obtained from the cross of o. sativa l. (ir24) and o. minuta (acc. no. 101133) with 5.58% crossability, which ranged from 0.11% to 1.62% in the backcross generations. the chromosome numbers of the backcross progenies were 24 to 48. seven yield-related traits of the parents, hybrid f(1), and backcross progenies were evaluated. simple sequence repeat markers a ... | 2009 | 20016972 |
| orthologs of the class a4 heat shock transcription factor hsfa4a confer cadmium tolerance in wheat and rice. | cadmium (cd) is a widespread soil pollutant; thus, the underlying molecular controls of plant cd tolerance are of substantial interest. a screen for wheat (triticum aestivum) genes that confer cd tolerance to a cd hypersensitive yeast strain identified heat shock transcription factor a4a (hsfa4a). ta hsfa4a is most similar to the class a4 hsfs from monocots. the most closely related rice (oryza sativa) homolog, os hsfa4a, conferred cd tolerance in yeast, as did ta hsfa4a, but the second most clo ... | 2009 | 20028842 |
| virulence analysis and gene expression profiling of the pigment-deficient mutant of xanthomonas oryzae pathovar oryzae. | xanthomonas oryzae pathovar oryzae (xoo) causes bacterial blight disease in rice (oryza sativa l.). for a study of function, we constructed a random insertion mutant library of xoo using a tn5 transposon and isolated the mutant strain (m11; arok::tn5) that had extremely low pigment production. in addition, m11 had decreased virulence against the susceptible rice cultivar ir24. thermal asymmetric interlaced-pcr and sequence analysis of m11 revealed that the transposon was inserted into the arok g ... | 2009 | 20132309 |
| study on the diversity of endophytic communities from rice (oryza sativa l.) and their antagonistic activities in vitro. | endophytic populations were isolated from 2400 segments of oryza sativa collected from bhadra river project area, southern india during december 2005 (winter) and april 2006 (summer). overall colonization rates from surface sterilized tissues were 40.3% in roots and 25.83% in leaves during winter season, 20.15% in roots and 8.66% in leaves during summer season. nineteen different fungal taxa, a streptomyces sp. and bacterial species were isolated. streptomyces sp., chaetomium globosum, penicilli ... | 2009 | 17433644 |
| intercellular colonization and growth promoting effects of methylobacterium sp. with plant-growth regulators on rice (oryza sativa l. cv co-43). | the methylobacterium sp. strain npfm-sb3, isolated from sesbania rostrata stem nodules possessed nitrogenase activity and noda genes. pure culture of npfm-sb3 strain produced indole-3-acetic acid, cytokinins and on inoculation to rice plants resulted in numerous lateral roots. inoculation of synthetic auxins 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid, naphthalene acetic acid or flavonoids naringenin and dihydroxy-4-methoxyisoflavone individually or to bacterial inoculated rice seedlings improved the plant ... | 2009 | 17207982 |
| heavy metal contamination of paddy soils and rice (oryza sativa l.) from kocani field (macedonia). | this research focuses on the heavy metal contamination of the paddy soils and rice from kocani field (eastern macedonia) resulting from irrigation by riverine water impacted by past and present base-metal mining activities and acid mine drainage. very high concentrations of as, cd, cu, pb and zn were found in the paddy soils (47.6, 6.4, 99, 983 and 1,245 microg g(-1)) and the rice (0.53, 0.31, 5.8, 0.5 and 67 microg g(-1)) in the western part of kocani field, close to the zletovska river, which ... | 2009 | 18777118 |
| the 172-kb genomic dna region of the o. rufipogon yld1.1 locus: comparative sequence analysis with o. sativa ssp. japonica and o. sativa ssp. indica. | common wild rice (oryza rufipogon) plays an important role by contributing to modern rice breeding. in this paper, we report the sequence and analysis of a 172-kb genomic dna region of wild rice around the rm5 locus, which is associated with the yield qtl yld1.1. comparative sequence analysis between orthologous rm5 regions from oryza sativa ssp. japonica, o. sativa ssp. indica and o. rufipogon revealed a high level of conserved synteny in the content, homology, structure, orientation, and physi ... | 2009 | 18633654 |
| evolutionary analysis of the sub1 gene cluster that confers submergence tolerance to domesticated rice. | tolerance of complete submergence is recognized in a small number of accessions of domesticated asian rice (oryza sativa) and can be conferred by the sub1a-1 gene of the polygenic submergence-1 (sub1) locus. in all o. sativa varieties, the sub1 locus encodes the ethylene-responsive factor (erf) genes sub1b and sub1c. a third paralogous erf gene, sub1a, is limited to a subset of indica accessions. it is thought that o. sativa was domesticated from the gene pools of the wild perennial species o. r ... | 2009 | 18824474 |
| kinetic and equilibrium studies on the removal of cd2+ ions from water using polyacrylamide grafted rice (oryza sativa) husk and (tectona grandis) saw dust. | the increase in the use of heavy metals has resulted in an increased flux of metallic substances into the aquatic environment which poses a danger to human health. the present work relates to the removal of cadmium ions by treatment with polyacrylamide grafted rice (oryza sativa) husk/saguan (tectona grandis) saw dust. the drinking water guideline value recommended by who for cadmium is 0.005 ppm.the adsorbent has been prepared by treatment of rice husk/saw dust with acrylamide. removal has been ... | 2009 | 18783881 |
| oral immunogenicity and protective efficacy in mice of transgenic rice plants producing a vaccine candidate antigen (as16) of ascaris suum fused with cholera toxin b subunit. | cereal crops such as maize and rice are considered attractive for vaccine production and oral delivery. here, we evaluated the rice oryza sativa for production of as16-an antigen protective against the roundworm ascaris suum. the antigen was produced as a chimeric protein fused with cholera toxin b subunit (ctb), and its expression level in the endosperm reached 50 microg/g seed. feeding the transgenic (tg) rice seeds to mice elicited an as16-specific serum antibody response when administered in ... | 2009 | 18763047 |
| solution structures and dna binding properties of the n-terminal sap domains of sumo e3 ligases from saccharomyces cerevisiae and oryza sativa. | sumo e3 ligase of the siz/pias family that promotes sumoylation of target proteins contains sap motif in its n-terminal region. the sap motif with a consensus sequence of 35 residues was first proposed to be as a new dna binding motif found in diverse nuclear proteins involved in chromosomal organization. we have determined solution structures of the sap domains of sumo ligases siz1 from yeast and rice by nmr spectroscopy, showing that the structure of the sap domain (residues 2-105) of rice siz ... | 2009 | 18831036 |
| prevalence of betaproteobacterial sequences in nifh gene pools associated with roots of modern rice cultivars. | the diversity and function of nitrogen-fixing bacteria colonizing rice roots are not well understood. a field experiment was conducted to determine the diversity of diazotrophic communities associated with roots of modern rice cultivars using culture-independent molecular analyses of nitrogenase gene (nifh) fragments. experimental treatments included four modern rice cultivars (oryza sativa, one indica, one japonica and two hybrid rice varieties) and three levels (0, 50, and 100 kg n ha(-1)) of ... | 2009 | 18548184 |
| enhanced transfer of arsenic to grain for bangladesh grown rice compared to us and eu. | a field survey was conducted in arsenic impacted and non-impacted paddies of bangladesh to assess how arsenic levels in rice (oryza sativa l.) grain are related to soil and shoot concentrations. ten field sites from an arsenic contaminated tubewell irrigation region (faridpur) were compared to 10 field sites from a non-affected region (gazipur). analysis of the overall data set found that both grain and shoot total arsenic concentrations were highly correlated (p<0.001) with soil arsenic. median ... | 2009 | 18757098 |
| assessment of ozone effects on local rice cultivar by portable ozone fumigation system in hanoi, vietnam. | this study examined the effects of troposphere ozone (o3) on rice by developing a portable ozone fumigation system and applied to the field in hanoi, vietnam. the system was nearly identical to the open top chamber but designed to easily and cheaply assess the o3 sensitivity of local agricultural crops in the actual field. the rice (oryza sativa l.) was exposed to ozone during the flowering stage at peri-urban experimental site of hanoi. the fumigation protocols covered five different levels, na ... | 2009 | 18670900 |
| expression of dm-amp1 in rice confers resistance to magnaporthe oryzae and rhizoctonia solani. | magnaporthe oryzae and rhizoctonia solani, are among the most important pathogens of rice, severely limiting its productivity. dm-amp1, an antifungal plant defensin from dahlia merckii, was expressed in rice (oryza sativa l. sp. indica cv. pusa basmati 1) using agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. expression levels of dm-amp1 ranged from 0.43% to 0.57% of total soluble protein in transgenic plants. it was observed that constitutive expression of dm-amp1 suppresses the growth of m. ... | 2009 | 18618285 |
| cloning and functional identification of two members of the zip (zrt, irt-like protein) gene family in rice (oryza sativa l.). | two zip (zrt, irt-like protein) cdnas were isolated from rice (oryza sativa l.) by rt-pcr approach, and named as oszip7a and oszip8 respectively. the predicted proteins of oszip7a and oszip8 consist of 384 and 390 amino acid residues respectively, and display high similarity to other plant zip proteins. each protein contains eight transmembrane (tm) domains and a highly conserved zip signature motif, with a histidine-rich region in the variable region between tm domains iii and iv. by semi-quant ... | 2009 | 18038191 |
| does salicylic acid regulate antioxidant defense system, cell death, cadmium uptake and partitioning to acquire cadmium tolerance in rice? | salicylic acid (sa) may accelerate the cell death of cadmium-stressed roots to avoid cadmium (cd) uptake by plants or may play positive roles in protecting the stressed roots from cd-induced damage. to test these hypotheses, we performed a series of split-root hydroponic experiments with one-half of rice (oryza sativa l. cv. jiahua 1) roots exposed to 50 microm cd and the other half not exposed. the objectives were to elucidate the effects of sa pretreatment on the time-dependent changes of h(2) ... | 2009 | 18313167 |
| diversification in flowering time due to tandem ft-like gene duplication, generating novel mendelian factors in wild and cultivated rice. | the complex structure of a single mendelian factor widespread in the asian cultivated rice (oryza sativa) and its wild progenitor (oryza rufipogon) that caused diverse phenotypes in the timing of flowering under natural field conditions was investigated in near isogenic lines. these near isogenic lines showed differences in flowering time despite all eight accessions collected from tropical regions possessing a recessive gene allelic to the se-pat gene. fine mapping in two of these near-isogenic ... | 2009 | 19298266 |
| glomus intraradices induces changes in root system architecture of rice independently of common symbiosis signaling. | arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonize the roots of most monocotyledons and dicotyledons despite their different root architecture and cell patterning. among the cereal hosts of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, oryza sativa (rice) possesses a peculiar root system composed of three different types of roots: crown roots; large lateral roots; and fine lateral roots. characteristic is the constitutive formation of aerenchyma in crown roots and large lateral roots and the absence of cortex from fine late ... | 2009 | 19383099 |
| identification and mapping of pi41, a major gene conferring resistance to rice blast in the oryza sativa subsp. indica reference cultivar, 93-11. | the oryza sativa subsp. indica reference cultivar (cv.), 93-11 is completely resistant to many chinese isolates of the rice blast fungus. resistance segregated in a 3:1 (resistance/susceptible) ratio in an f(2) population from the cross between 93-11 and the japonica reference cv. nipponbare, when challenged with two independent blast isolates. the chromosomal location of this monogenic resistance was mapped to a region of the long arm of chromosome 12 by bulk segregant analysis, using 180 evenl ... | 2009 | 19153709 |
| a novel wall-associated receptor-like protein kinase gene, oswak1, plays important roles in rice blast disease resistance. | wall-associated protein kinases (waks) are a new group of receptor-like kinases (rlk) recently identified in arabidopsis. a cdna encoding a novel wak was isolated from rice and was named oswak1 (oryza sativa wak). the deduced amino acid sequence of oswak1 showed 27.6% identity to wak2 from arabidopsis. oswak1 not only has the ability of autophosphorylation but also can phosphorylate osrfp1, a putative transcription regulator recently identified in rice. osrfp1 strongly interacts with the kinase ... | 2009 | 19039666 |
| plant growth regulating activity of three polyacetylenes from helianthus annuus l. | three polyacetylenes, 8-(beta-d-glucopyranosyloxy)-3-hydroxy-1,9,14-pentadecatriene-4,6-diyne, termed "helian"(1), 8-acetoxy-3-hydroxy-1,9,14-pentadecatriene-4,6-diyne (2), and 3,8-dihydroxy-1,9,14-pentadecatriene-4,6-diyne (3) were isolated from seedlings of sunflower, helianthus annuus l. cv russia. compounds 1 and 2, having a beta-glucose and an acetoxy group at c-8, respectively, showed a weak effect on the growth of roots and shoots of rice (oryza sativa l.) and cress (lepidium sativum l.), ... | 2009 | 19370872 |
| evidence for the emergence of new rice types of interspecific hybrid origin in west african farmers' fields. | in west africa two rice species (oryza glaberrima steud. and oryza sativa l.) co-exist. although originally it was thought that interspecific hybridization is impossible without biotechnological methods, progenies of hybridization appear to occur in farmer fields. aflp analysis was used to assess genetic diversity in west africa (including the countries the gambia, senegal, guinea bissau, guinea conakry, sierra leone, ghana and togo) using 315 rice samples morphologically classified prior to ana ... | 2009 | 19806197 |
| contrasting physiological responses by cultivars of oryza sativa and o. glaberrima to prolonged submergence. | oryza glaberrima is widely grown in flood-prone areas of african river basins and is subject to prolonged periods of annual submergence. the effects of submergence on shoot elongation, shoot biomass, leaf area and co(2) uptake were studied and compared with those of o. sativa. | 2009 | 18940851 |
| computer analysis of phytochrome sequences from five species: implications for the mechanism of action. | the amino acid sequences of phytochrome from avena sativa, oryza sativa, curcurbita pepo, pisum sativum and arabidopsis thaliana have been analyzed with a variety of computer programs, with a view to identifying areas of the protein which contribute to the properties of this photoreceptor. a region at the c-terminus has been shown to be amphiphilic, and by analogy with surface-seeking peptides, may be responsible for interaction of phytochrome with lipid bilayers. possible targeting sequences in ... | 2009 | 2291773 |
| unraveling the evolution of cytokinin signaling. | the conquest of the land by plants required dramatic morphological and metabolic adaptations. complex developmental programs under tight regulation evolved during this process. key regulators of plant development are phytohormones, such as cytokinins. cytokinins are adenine derivatives that affect various processes in plants. the cytokinin signal transduction system, which is mediated via a multistep variant of the bacterial two-component signaling system, is well characterized in the model plan ... | 2009 | 19675156 |
| interactions between auxin and strigolactone in shoot branching control. | in arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana), the carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases more axillary growth3 (max3) and max4 act together with max1 to produce a strigolactone signaling molecule required for the inhibition of axillary bud outgrowth. we show that both max3 and max4 transcripts are positively auxin regulated in a manner similar to the orthologous genes from pea (pisum sativum) and rice (oryza sativa), supporting evolutionary conservation of this regulation in plants. this regulation is import ... | 2009 | 19641034 |
| evolutionary and expression signatures of pseudogenes in arabidopsis and rice. | pseudogenes (psi) are nonfunctional genomic sequences resembling functional genes. knowledge of psis can improve genome annotation and our understanding of genome evolution. however, there has been relatively little systemic study of psis in plants. in this study, we characterized the evolution and expression patterns of psis in arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) and rice (oryza sativa). in contrast to animal psis, many plant psis experienced much stronger purifying selection. in addition, plant ... | 2009 | 19641029 |