Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| molecular epidemiology of hepatitis a in st. petersburg, russia, 1997-2003. | the molecular epidemiology of hepatitis a virus (hav) strains circulating in the st. petersburg and karelia regions was studied during 1997-2003. hepatitis a virus rna was isolated from both clinical samples (stools or sera) and environmental samples (sewage water). rt-pcr was carried out using different primer pairs from the vp1/2a and vp1 genomic regions, the variable parts of the hav genome. pcr products were sequenced and 306 nucleotides from the vp1/2a and 332 nucleotides from the vp1 regio ... | 2007 | 17457910 |
| inverse association between t-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-1 and t-bet in a mouse model of allergic rhinitis. | it has been suggested that human hepatitis a virus cellular receptor, also known as t-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-1 (tim-1), plays an important role in the development of allergic diseases on the basis of epidemiologic data, but the molecular mechanism has been unclear. in a murine model of ovalbumin (ova)-sensitized allergic rhinitis (ar), we examined the expression of tim-1 and its correlation with t helper1-associated transcription factor, t-bet, as a potential mediator of t-cell imm ... | 2007 | 17460580 |
| helicobacter pylori, hepatitis viruses a, c, e, antibodies and hbsag - prevalence and associated risk factors in pediatric communities of karachi. | objective: to document the prevalence of helicobacter pylori (h. pylori), hepatitis a virus (hav), hepatitis c virus (hcv), hepatitis e virus (hev) antibodies and hepatitis b virus surface antigen (hbsag), in the pediatric age group of low socioeconomic urban communities of karachi and to identify risk factors associated with these infections. design: cross-sectional survey. place and duration of study: three selected squatter settlements of karachi during april 2002 to december 2004. patients a ... | 2007 | 17462174 |
| hepatitis a vaccine associated with autoimmune hepatitis. | to describe a case of probable relapsing autoimmune hepatitis associated with vaccination against hepatitis a virus (hav). a case report and review of literature were written concerning autoimmune hepatitis in association with hepatitis a and other hepatotropic viruses. soon after the administration of formalin-inactivated hepatitis a vaccine, a man who had recently recovered from an uncharacterized but self-limiting hepatitic illness, experienced a severe deterioration (ast 1687 u/l, inr 1.4). ... | 2007 | 17465509 |
| detection and quantification by real-time rt-pcr of hepatitis a virus from inoculated tap waters, salad vegetables, and soft fruits: characterization of the method performances. | water, salad vegetables and fruits exposed to fecal contamination may cause outbreaks of hepatitis a. a protocol of viral concentration by filtration on electronegative membrane filter and a protocol based on a viral elution in tris-glycine buffer, ph 9.5 with concentration by polyethylene glycol precipitation were associated with real-time, reverse transcriptase-pcr to detect hepatitis a virus (hav) artificially inoculated in 2 l of tap water, or on 25 g of fruits or salad vegetables. these met ... | 2007 | 17490771 |
| outbreak of hepatitis a virus infection caused by food served in a restaurant. | 2007 | 17515658 | |
| molecular characterization of hepatitis a virus isolates from argentina. | hepatitis a, a vaccine preventable disease, is now of transitional or intermediate endemicity in argentina, as the epidemiologic pattern of the disease has shifted with improvements in living conditions in some parts of the country. increase in the susceptibility of older children and adults has led to increasing disease incidence. molecular epidemiology has played an important role in the understanding of hav infection by identifying modes of spreading and by permitting the monitoring of change ... | 2007 | 17516519 |
| fibrin ring granuloma in chronic hepatitis c: virus-related vasculitis and/or immune complex disease? | fibrin ring granulomas are rare lesions whose pathophysiology has remained somewhat elusive. it has been suggested that these peculiar lesions are related to focal vasculitis with endothelial injury and deposition of immune complexes. fibrin ring granulomas have been described in q fever; in viral infections such as cytomegalovirus, epstein-barr virus, and hepatitis a virus; and in other conditions. we submit the first reported case of fibrin ring granuloma in a patient with chronic hepatitis c ... | 2007 | 17520520 |
| codon usage and replicative strategies of hepatitis a virus. | hepatitis a virus (hav), the prototype of genus hepatovirus, has many biological characteristics that distinguish it from other members of the picornaviridae family. among these it is worth of note the need for an intact eif4g factor for the initiation of translation and thus the inability to shut down host protein synthesis by a similar mechanism as in other picornaviruses. consequently, hav must inefficiently compete for the cellular translational machinery and this may explain its poor growth ... | 2007 | 17524513 |
| [hepatitis a outbreak in transdanubia (hungary): molecular connections and epidemiological conclusions - 2006]. | hepatitis a virus (hav) is one of the most important cause of fecally transmitted acute infectious hepatitis worldwide. in hungary, beside the sporadic hav infections, outbreaks also occur, particularly in northeast part of the country where the subgenotype ia is endemic. the reported number of hav cases was less than 10 per year in southwest hungary. | 2007 | 17526446 |
| enteric virus survival during household laundering and impact of disinfection with sodium hypochlorite. | this study was conducted to determine whether enteric viruses (adenovirus, rotavirus, and hepatitis a virus) added to cotton cloth swatches survive the wash cycle, the rinse cycle, and a 28-min permanent press drying cycle as commonly practiced in households in the united states. detergent with and without bleach (sodium hypochlorite) was added to washing machines containing sterile and virus-inoculated 58-cm2 swatches, 3.2 kg of cotton t-shirts and underwear, and a soiled pillowcase designed to ... | 2007 | 17526793 |
| improved crystallization of the coxsackievirus b3 rna-dependent rna polymerase. | the picornaviridae virus family contains a large number of human pathogens such as poliovirus, hepatitis a virus and rhinoviruses. amongst the viruses belonging to the genus enterovirus, several serotypes of coxsackievirus coexist for which neither vaccine nor therapy is available. coxsackievirus b3 is involved in the development of acute myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy and is thought to be an important cause of sudden death in young adults. here, the first crystal of a coxsackievirus rna ... | 2007 | 17554171 |
| vaccination of newborns against hepatitis a in the presence of maternally derived antibodies. | infection by hepatitis a virus (hav) is a significant cause of childhood disease but effective vaccines are available. naturally acquired anti-hav antibodies ensure transfer of protective immunity which persists for up to 6 months in the newborn. such maternal anti-hav antibodies are able to inhibit the antibody responses in infants vaccinated with inactivated hepatitis a vaccines, although no clinically significant consequences of this are observed. by increasing the number of doses, for exampl ... | 2007 | 17555761 |
| conversion of 3-arylazo-5-phenyl-2(3h)-furanones into other heterocycles of anticipated biological activity. | 3-arylazo-5-phenyl-2(3h)-furanones 3 were prepared and converted into a variety of heterocyclic systems of synthetic and biological importance. hydrazine hydrate reacted with furanones as nucleophiles and gave the corresponding acid hydrazides 4. the latter products were used as starting materials for the synthesis of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles 6, 9, and the 1,2,4-triazoles 8. evaluation of the antiviral activity of selected compounds obtained was performed using two viruses: hav and hsv-1. some of the t ... | 2007 | 17562565 |
| hepatitis a vaccination in chronic liver disease: is it really required in a tropical country like india? | vaccination against hepatitis a virus (hav) has been recommended in patients with chronic liver disease to prevent any decompensation due to superinfection. this may not hold good in high endemic areas for hepatitis a like india. the aim of this study was to find out the seroprevalence of anti-hav antibodies in patients with chronic liver disease and to justify the need for vaccination against hepatitis a virus in these patients. one hundred and thirty three consecutive patients with cirrhosis o ... | 2007 | 17582184 |
| [a case of acute hepatitis a complicated by guillain-barré syndrome]. | we report here a case of acute hepatitis a, which was complicated by guillain-barré syndrome (gbs). a 32-year old male admitted to our hospital with the symptoms of acute hepatitis and was diagnosed to have acute hepatitis a with positive igm anti hepatitis a virus antibody. on 9th day after the onset of jaundice, acute progressive, ascending, symmetric motor paralysis were developed and eventually respiratory failure ensued. cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed albumino-cytologic dissociation an ... | 2007 | 17585196 |
| the effect of infectious burden on the prevalence of atopy and respiratory allergies in iceland, estonia, and sweden. | epidemiologic reports on the effect of microbe exposure on the development of atopy and allergic asthma are inconsistent. | 2007 | 17586034 |
| attachment of enteric viruses to bottles. | storage of water that was deliberately contaminated with enteric viruses in polyethylene terephthalate (pet) bottles led to a rapid decrease of the apparent viral load, thereby hampering the development of samples for a collaborative evaluation of viral detection methods for bottled water. to determine if this decrease was due to spontaneous inactivation or to adhesion, an elution protocol was developed and combined with a rapid and sensitive real-time reverse transcription-pcr-based method to q ... | 2007 | 17586668 |
| genetic analysis of hepatitis a virus protein 2c in sera from patients with fulminant and self-limited hepatitis a. | to examine whether genetic differences in hepatitis a virus (hav) are responsible for the range of clinical severities, we analyzed the hav 2c genome, whose mutations have previously been shown to be important for enhanced replication in cell culture systems and to be related to virulence in simians. | 2007 | 17591082 |
| hepatitis a virus detection in food: current and future prospects. | hepatitis a virus (hav) is responsible for around half of the total number of hepatitis infections diagnosed worldwide. hav infection is mainly propagated via the faecal-oral route and as a consequence of globalisation, transnational outbreaks of foodborne infections are reported with increasing frequency. molecular procedures are now available and should be employed for the direct surveillance of hav in food and environmental samples. | 2007 | 17594452 |
| incidence and seroprevalence of hepatitis a virus infections among young korean soldiers. | this study was performed to determine the incidence and seroprevalence of hepatitis a virus (hav) infections in young soldiers in the republic of korea army. from january 2000 through december 2004, a total of 147 hepatitis a cases were reported to the armed forces medical command. the annual incidence rates were 7.4 per 100,000 persons in 2000, 1.6 in 2001, 4.4 in 2002, 9.8 in 2003, and 6.2 in 2004, based on the reported cases among approximately 500,000 soldiers. all patients were males with a ... | 2007 | 17596668 |
| [infectious diseases in problem drug users hospitalized in the infectious ward of the motol university hospital in 2002-2005]. | to survey infectious diseases in intravenous drug users and to provide basic information on disease course in this subpopulation. | 2007 | 17599296 |
| the shifting epidemiology of hepatitis a following routine childhood immunization program in israel. | in 1999 israel became the first country to introduce immunization against hepatitis a to its national childhood vaccination program. the study objectives were to assess the uptake of hepatitis a vaccine following the new policy and to examine the incidence of hepatitis a and the number of prevented cases. | 2007 | 17599401 |
| resistance of surface-dried virus to common disinfection procedures. | it is believed that surface-dried viruses can remain infectious and may therefore pose a threat to public health. to help address this issue, we studied 0.1 n naoh and 0.1% hypochlorite for their capacity to inactivate surface-dried lipid-enveloped (le) [human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) and pseudorabies virus (prv)] and non-lipid-enveloped [nle; canine parvovirus (cpv) and hepatitis a virus (hav)] viruses in a background of either plasma or culture medium. ... | 2007 | 17601636 |
| rapid and real-time detection of hepatitis a virus by reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay. | a one-step, single tube, real-time reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) assay was developed for detecting sequences of the untranslated region in the genome of hepatitis a virus (hav). the rt-lamp assay reported in this study was very simple and rapid; the hav-specific amplification was obtained in 50 min under isothermal conditions at 62.5 degrees c by employing a set of seven primers. the rnas of three cell-adapted hav strains belonging to different subgenotyp ... | 2007 | 17604128 |
| declining hepatitis a seroprevalence in adults in catalonia (spain): a population-based study. | one of the main uses of seroprevalence studies it to evaluate vaccination programmes. in 1998, a programme of universal vaccination of preadolescents in schools with the hepatitis a vaccine was begun in catalonia. the objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis a virus infection (hav) in a sample of the adult population of catalonia in 2002 and to evaluate the changes with respect to a survey carried out in 1996. | 2007 | 17610736 |
| [hav infection in patients with chronic hepatitis c]. | in most cases, hepatitis a virus (hav) infection causes a self-limiting benign acute hepatitis which confers permanent acquired immunity. however, in patients with pre-existing chronic hepatitis, hav superinfection can cause acute hepatitis with severe progression leading to a fulminant form or linked to the risk of a rapid deterioration of hepatic function. for such a reason, some authors recommend anti-hav vaccination for subjects with hcv-correlated chronic hepatitis before the initiation of ... | 2007 | 17612281 |
| final report on the safety assessment of glycyrrhetinic acid, potassium glycyrrhetinate, disodium succinoyl glycyrrhetinate, glyceryl glycyrrhetinate, glycyrrhetinyl stearate, stearyl glycyrrhetinate, glycyrrhizic acid, ammonium glycyrrhizate, dipotassium glycyrrhizate, disodium glycyrrhizate, trisodium glycyrrhizate, methyl glycyrrhizate, and potassium glycyrrhizinate. | glycyrrhetinic acid and its salts and esters and glycyrrhizic acid and its salts and esters are cosmetic ingredients that function as flavoring agents or skin-conditioning agents - miscellaneous or both. these chemicals may be isolated from licorice plants. glycyrrhetinc acid is described as at least 98% pure, with 0.6% 24-oh-glycyrrhetinic acid, not more than 20 mu g/g of heavy metals and not more than 2 mu g/g of arsenic. ammonium glycyrrhizate has been found to be at least 98% pure and dipota ... | 2007 | 17613133 |
| epidemiology of travel-associated and autochthonous hepatitis a in austrian children, 1998 to 2005. | in austria, being an area of low hepatitis a endemicity, every year, several cases of this infectious disease are reported. the aim of the present study was to provide data on disease and hospitalization of children below the age of 15 for imported and autochthonous hepatitis a in austria. | 2007 | 17617847 |
| hepatitis a vaccination coverage among children aged 24-35 months--united states, 2004-2005. | after the licensure of hepatitis a vaccine in 1995 for children aged > or =24 months, the advisory committee on immunization practices (acip) incrementally expanded the proportion of children for whom it recommended the vaccine. in 1996, acip recommended vaccinating children in communities that had high rates of hepatitis a virus (hav) infection, including american indian/alaska native (ai/an) communities and selected hispanic and religious communities. in 1999, acip extended the recommendation ... | 2007 | 17625495 |
| prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis a virus among the kuikuro and kaiabi indians of xingu national park, brazil. | a seroprevalence study to detect total antibodies against hepatitis a virus was done with 220 samples from 589 native indians from xingu national park, brazil, in five kaiabi and kuikuro villages, the most populous ethnic groups. using a commercial immunoassay kit we detected 97.7% positive samples (95% confidence interval: 95%-99%). we noticed a precocious seroconversion, before the age of six years, when the disease is usually asymptomatic. these results are similar to those found in the liter ... | 2007 | 17625692 |
| serological evidence of hepatitis e virus infection in an indigenous north american population. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infections are thought to be uncommon in north america. recently, hev transmission has been reported following the consumption of deer meat. because deer are closely related to caribou and caribou meat is a staple of the canadian inuit and the american eskimo diet, the present study explored the seroprevalence of hev infection in an isolated canadian inuit community. | 2007 | 17637946 |
| immunogenic epitopes on the surface of the hepatitis a virus capsid: impact of secondary structure and/or isoelectric point on chimeric virus assembly. | hepatitis a virus (hav) protein 2a has the capacity to harbor and expose a short foreign epitope. the chimeric virus, hav-gp41, bearing seven amino acids of the 2f5 epitope of the hiv glycoprotein gp41, was shown to replicate in cell culture and laboratory animals and to induce a humoral immune response. as an extension of this work, we now investigated the possibility to insert longer epitopes, their impact on genetic stability, and the production of chimeric hav. twenty-seven amino acid residu ... | 2007 | 17640757 |
| surveillance for acute viral hepatitis--united states, 2005. | in the united states, acute viral hepatitis most frequently is caused by infection with hepatitis a virus (hav), hepatitis b virus (hbv), or hepatitis c virus (hcv). these unrelated viruses are transmitted through different routes and have different epidemiologic profiles. safe and effective vaccines have been available for hepatitis b since 1981 and, for hepatitis a, since 1995. | 2007 | 17363893 |
| major outbreak of hepatitis a associated with orange juice among tourists, egypt, 2004. | in 2004, a major outbreak of hepatitis a among tourists returning from egypt involved 351 case-patients from 9 european countries who were infected with a single strain (genotype 1 b). the case-control study identified orange juice as the most likely infection vehicle. vaccination against hepatitis a virus is strongly recommended before travel to disease-endemic areas. | 2007 | 17370535 |
| hepatitis a antibody prevalence among people with an intellectual disability in ireland. | this manuscript aims to determine the prevalence of antibody to and risk factors for hepatitis a virus (hav) in individuals attending three intellectual disability services through a cross-sectional survey held in dublin, ireland. participants were 636 individuals aged four to 78 years attending three intellectual disability services. the main outcome measure was the measurement of anti-hav (igg antibody) in oral fluid swabs using an antibody capture enzyme immunoassay (eia) technique. risk fact ... | 2007 | 17370978 |
| full-length sequences of subgenotype iiia and iiib hepatitis a virus isolates: characterization of genotype iii hav genomes. | to elucidate the extent of genomic heterogeneity of human hepatitis a virus (hav) strains and to characterize genotype iii hav strains over the entire genome, the full-length sequence of three subgenotype iiia isolates (ha-jng04-90f, ha-jng08-92f, and haj95-8f) and one iiib isolate (haj85-1f) was determined. the ha-jng04-90f, ha-jng08-92f, and haj95-8f genomes which comprised 7463 or 7464 nt excluding the poly(a) tail, were closest to a reported nearly entire sequence of a iiia isolate (nor-21) ... | 2007 | 17376556 |
| molecular detection of hepatitis a virus in urban sewage in rio de janeiro, brazil. | a one-year survey was conducted to examine hepatitis a virus (hav) prevalence, distribution of genotypes and their relationship to bacterial indicators in raw and treated sewage samples. | 2007 | 17651213 |
| analysis of hepatitis a virus protein 2b in sera of hepatitis a of various severities. | in our recent study of the full-length hepatitis a virus (hav) genome from some patients with fulminant hepatitis and acute hepatitis, possible associations were suggested between the severity of hepatitis a and the amino acid substitutions in the nonstructural protein 2b. we therefore analyzed hav 2b from many patients with various clinical disease severities. | 2007 | 17653652 |
| molecular genetic analysis of two loci (ity2 and ity3) involved in the host response to infection with salmonella typhimurium using congenic mice and expression profiling. | numerous genes have been identified to date that contribute to the host response to systemic salmonella typhimurium infection in mice. we have previously identified two loci, ity2 and ity3, that control survival to salmonella infection in the wild-derived inbred molf/ei mouse using a (c57bl/6j x molf/ei)f(2)cross. we validated the existence of these two loci by creating congenic mice carrying each quantitative trait locus (qtl) in isolation. subcongenic mice generated for each locus allowed us t ... | 2007 | 17660555 |
| hepatitis a virus in surface water in south africa: what are the risks? | the aim of this study was to assess the potential risk of infection constituted by hav to persons using surface dam and river water for domestic and recreational purposes. it estimates the potential risk using a deterministic exponential risk assessment model with mean values and conservative assumptions. hepatitis a virus was detected in 17.5% of river and 14.9% of dam water samples tested. the number of indicator organisms in these sources exceeded drinking and recreational water quality guide ... | 2007 | 17674572 |
| hepatitis a, b, c, d, e, g: an update. | acute and chronic liver diseases are an assortment of disorders brought to the clinician's attention by abnormal liver function tests or specific signs and symptoms. the differential diagnosis includes disorders that have primary or secondary liver involvement. this paper will be limited to the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of the different viral liver diseases: a, b, c, d, e and g. | 2007 | 17684813 |
| outbreaks where food workers have been implicated in the spread of foodborne disease. part 1. description of the problem, methods, and agents involved. | food workers in many settings have been responsible for foodborne disease outbreaks for decades, and there is no indication that this is diminishing. the committee on control of foodborne illnesses of the international association for food protection was tasked with collecting and evaluating any data on worker-associated outbreaks. a total of 816 reports with 80,682 cases were collected from events that occurred from 1927 until the first quarter of 2006. most of the outbreaks reviewed were from ... | 2007 | 17685355 |
| rising hepatitis a immunity in u.s. military recruits. | the u.s. military immunizes new recruits against hepatitis a. since 2001, immunization with the hepatitis a vaccine has been recommended for civilian adolescents in higher risk areas. recently, the armed forces epidemiological board recommended serologic screening where feasible to reduce redundant recruit immunizations. | 2007 | 17691697 |
| outbreak of acute viral hepatitis due to hepatitis e virus in hyderabad. | a waterborne outbreak of viral hepatitis occurred in the old city of hyderabad from march through august 2005. an attempt was made to study the outbreak clinically, serologically, and etiologically. | 2007 | 18087089 |
| [bone marrow fibrin-ring granuloma: review of 24 cases]. | fibrin-ring granuloma (frg), which can be found in bone marrow or the liver, is a subtype of epithelioid granuloma characterized by a central fat vacuole and annular peripheral fibrinoid materials. frg has been proven to be associated with many etiologies such as several infectious organisms (coxiella burnett; epstein-barr virus, ebv; cytomegalovirus, cmv; and hepatitis a virus), allopurinol induced hepatitis, hodgkin's lymphoma, and peripheral t-cell lymphoma. | 2007 | 18094573 |
| [acute hemolysis and renal failure caused by hepatitis a infection with underlying glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency]. | although glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6pd) deficiency is the most common enzyme disorder worldwide, it has rarely been reported among korean. the patient was previously healthy 39 yr old male who showed severe hemolytic anemia and acute renal failure accompanied by hyperbilirubinemia after hepatitis a infection. the additional studies for differential diagnosis of hemolytic anemia showed a moderate deficiency of g6pd enzyme. because hepatitis a infection in patient with g6pd deficiency pr ... | 2007 | 18094574 |
| [recent etiology and clinical features of acute viral hepatitis in a single center of korea]. | the etiology of acute viral hepatitis in korea has been dynamically changing during the recent years. the aim of this study was to investigate the recent etiology and the clinical features of acute viral hepatitis in a single center of korea. | 2007 | 18159147 |
| [investigation of herpes group and hepatitis a virus nucleic acids in the atherome plaque samples of patients with coronary arterial disease]. | it is assumed that various infectious agents play direct or indirect roles in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis which is accepted as a chronic inflammatory phenomenon. however, the data obtained from different studies are contradictory. the aim of this study was to investigate the roles of herpes virus group [herpes simplex virus (hsv), epstein-barr virus (ebv), cytomegalovirus (cmv)] and hepatitis a virus (hav) which are debated in terms of their impact in the pathogenesis of coronary arteria ... | 2007 | 18173072 |
| [the molecular epidemiology of hepatitis a in the netherlands; the usefulness of typing isolated viral strains]. | to investigate the epidemiological links between several outbreaks of hepatitis a in the netherlands (2001-2004). | 2007 | 18232198 |
| [duration of viral rna circulation in blood of patients with hepatitis a]. | duration of hepatitis a virus (hav) rna circulation in blood of patients with ha was assessed and compared with intensity of cytolytic syndrome. detection of viral rna was performed by rt-pcr method with specific primers to vp1/p2a region of hav genome. 54 blood serum samples from 40 patients were prospectively studied on the presence of hav rna. the latterwas detected in 53.7% of serum samples. the greatest number of positive results of hav rna detection in blood of the patients with ha was obt ... | 2007 | 18038542 |
| [real-time multiplex pcr for rapid detection of enteroviruses, adenoviruses and hepatitis a virus in clinical specimens]. | real-time multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with internal positive control (ipc) was developed for simultaneous detection of adenoviruses (av), enteroviruses (ev) and hepatitis a virus (hav). primes and probes labeled with different fluorophores (fam, r6g, rox, and cy5) and able to detect up to four viral rnas (dnas) with high specificity in a single tube in real-time pcr were designed. sensitivity and specificity of the method was estimated using cultural strains of 8 serotypes of ev, 5 ... | 2007 | 18038551 |
| inactivation of hepatitis a hm-175/18f, reovirus t1 lang and ms2 during alkaline stabilization of human biosolids. | to compare the inactivation rates of male-specific bacteriophage-2 (ms2), hepatitis a hm-175/18f (hm-175) and reovirus t1 lang (t1 l) during alkaline stabilization of wastewater residues. | 2007 | 18045405 |
| anti-hepatitis a virus seroprevalence among patients with chronic viral liver disease in korea. | it is generally recommended that patients with chronic viral hepatitis should be vaccinated against hepatitis a virus (hav) infection. we intended to evaluate the prevalence of igg anti-hav according to age in patients chronically infected with hepatitis b virus or hepatitis c virus in korea. | 2007 | 18049159 |
| macrophages are important determinants of acute ocular hsv-1 infection in immunized mice. | to determine the effect of macrophage depletion on herpes simplex virus type (hav)-1 replication in the eye and on the establishment of latency in trigeminal ganglia (tg) of immunized and ocularly infected mice. | 2007 | 18055810 |
| prevalence of hepatitis a virus risk factors in a very low endemic country, switzerland. | we aimed to estimate the population-based lifetime exposure to guidelines-based hepatitis a virus (hav) risk factors in a country model with very low hav endemicity. a cross-sectional survey among randomly selected residents of switzerland aged 20-60 years was performed assessing the hav exposure risk according to the u.s. and the swiss guidelines. the adjusted prevalence of lifetime exposure to hav-associated risk exceeded 80% with travel being the most important risk factor. in addition, not o ... | 2007 | 18061318 |
| hepatitis a seroprevalence and its relationship with environmental factors in children of different age groups in kahramanmaras, eastern mediterranean region of turkey. | hepatitis a infections are influenced by environmental and socioeconomic factors. epidemiologic studies regarding hepatitis a virus (hav) infection in turkey have not previously examined these factors. we investigated hav seroprevalence and its association with sociodemographic factors among children of various ages in the eastern mediterranean region of turkey. the study included 1142 children (603 male and 539 female) between ages of 6 months and 18 years. seropositivity in the whole group was ... | 2007 | 18070285 |
| exploration of cost effectiveness of active vaccination in the control of a school outbreak of hepatitis a in a deprived community in the united kingdom. | in january 2006, an outbreak of hepatitis a occurred in a socio-economically deprived area of liverpool, in the united kingdom (uk), where extensive community outbreaks of hepatitis had previously occurred. a total of nine cases were confirmed. five of these were linked within a primary school. the outbreak initially occurred among a close social contact group, but there was evidence of subsequent person-to-person transmission within a local primary school. the school was attended by 221 pupils ... | 2007 | 18076861 |
| safety procedures of coagulation factors. | two main types of safety procedures must be applied to biological products, including plasma derivatives: (i) preventive procedures and (ii) elimination procedures. prevention includes epidemiological control of donor populations; checks on each donor's health condition; analysis of each donation for the main pathogens using serological methods; additional analysis of all plasma for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis c virus (hcv), hepatitis a virus (hav) and ... | 2007 | 18078396 |
| the incidence of sporadic viral hepatitis in north india: a preliminary study. | viral hepatitis is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity in developing countries. hepatitis e virus (hev) among the major etiological agents is responsible for both sporadic and epidemic outbreaks. the epidemic outbreak is water-borne whereas the sporadic outbreak is possibly through contact. various diagnostic tools at times fail to pinpoint the cause of viral hepatitis. this study was carried out to evaluate the utility of elisa and nested reverse transcriptase polymerase chain re ... | 2007 | 18086624 |
| [prevalence of hepatitis virus a, b, and c markers according to the geographic origin of medical students]. | antibodies against viral hepatitis a, b and c were evaluated in 221 students of graduate courses of the medical school of padua university born in countries different from italy. data were compared with those measured in 362 students born in veneto region and 87 students born in centre-southern italy. the results showed a high, significant prevalence of positive antibodies against hepatitis a in students from africa (94.7%), asia (60.9%), centre-southern america (60.9%) and east europe (52.7%); ... | 2007 | 18409937 |
| hepatitis a vaccine versus immunoglobulin for post-exposure prophylaxis. | 2007 | 18335798 | |
| diverse pattern of hepatitis a during the outbreak of avh in hyderabad 2005: is there a need for evolving newer strategies of vaccination? | 2007 | 18306614 | |
| aetiology, clinical profile and prognostic indicators for children with acute liver failure admitted in a teaching hospital in kolkata. | to estimate the prevalence of hepatotropic viruses in the causation of acute liver failure in children admitted to a tertiary hospital in kolkata. | 2007 | 18384007 |
| prevalence of hepatitis a igg in individuals with chronic hepatitis b infection in babol. | to determine the prevalence of previous hepatitis a virus (hav) infection in people chronically infected with hepatitis b virus (hbv), we assessed the prevalence of anti-hav igg in 392 patients. the study was carried out in babol, northern islamic republic of iran from september 2004 to march 2005. prevalence in those aged 10-19 years was 59.4% and was significantly lower than that in those aged 20-29 years (89.8%) and those over 29 years (97.5%). there was no significant difference in prevalenc ... | 2007 | 18290404 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis a in thai army medical cadets and nursing students: a reflection of regional risk differences. | a cross-sectional study of 432 army college students comprising 278 medical cadets and 154 nursing students, ages ranging from 15 to 26 years, was conducted in 2001 to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis a virus (hav) antibody. serum specimens were tested for hav antibody by a commercial enzyme immunoassay method. anti-hav was detected in 14.0%, 17.5%, and 15.3% of medical cadets, nursing students, and the total cohort, respectively. there was no statistically significant difference in ser ... | 2007 | 18274028 |
| investigation on virucidal activity of chlorine dioxide. experimental data on feline calicivirus, hav and coxsackie b5. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of clo2 with regard to viruses which show a particular resistance to oxidizing agent such as hav and norwalk and norwalk-like viruses, and which play an important role in the epidemiology of viral foodborne diseases. in the food industry, disinfection of processing systems and equipment is a very important instrument to prevent secondary contamination and to guarantee food safety. among disinfectants, chlorine dioxide (clo2) presents a good effi ... | 2007 | 18274345 |
| molecular epidemiology and case-control approaches for management of an outbreak of hepatitis a in liguria, italy. | hepatitis a remains an important public health problem in low endemicity areas, because of the social and economic high burden of cyclical outbreaks. in this study we described an outbreak of hav infection occurred in the city of genoa and in its proximity and the viral circulation in the post-epidemic period. in order to identify risk factors associated to the illness and to determine the source of infection and the dynamics of virus evolution, we conducted an epidemiological and molecular inve ... | 2007 | 18274347 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis a among children of different socioeconomic status in cairo. | to determine seroprevalence of anti-hepatitis a virus (hav) antibodies and potential risk factors for and age of contracting symptomatic hepatitis a infection among children of different socioeconomic status (ses) in cairo, we carried out a cross-sectional study on 426 children aged 3-18 years from low ses areas and 142 from high ses areas. seroprevalence was significantly higher with age. seropositivity to anti-hav antibodies was significantly higher among children of low and very low ses, 90%, ... | 2007 | 18341176 |
| [rimozione dei virus nei processi convenzionali di trattamento delle acque reflue.]. | little has been published in the scientific literature on the distribution of pathogenic viruses and on their removal in the different treatment phases in wastewater treatment plants in italy. recent advances in molecular biology have reduced analytic costs and allowed the detection of virus directly in the environment. this study evaluates the presence of enteric viruses and their removal in three treatment plants of different sizes and which use different treatment methods. overall 92 samples ... | 2007 | 18617963 |
| seropositivity and pattern of viral hepatitis in clinically suspected cases of hepatitis in dhaka city. | an attempt was made to see the seropositivity and pattern of four common hepatotrophic viruses (hbv, hcv, hev, hav) in patients suspected to have been suffering from viral hepatitis. blood samples from 2,995 cases of suspected hbv infection, 331 from hcv, 155 from hev and 24 from hav were tested for these viral markers. of these a total of 245 (8.1%) were positive for hbsag, 18 (5.4%) for hcv, 87 (56.1%) for hev and 8 (33.3%) were positive for hav infection. the predominant age group affected in ... | 2007 | 18783066 |
| knowledge and attitude of dental practitioners in ta-briz regarding infection control procedures. | blood-borne infections such as hepatitis b, hepatitis c and hiv might be transmitted from one individual to another during dental procedures. therefore, sterilization and personal protection procedures are of utmost significance in dental offices. the importance of awareness of cross-infection and antiseptic principles lies in the fact that in most cases it is not possible to identify patients with hepatitis or aids. the aim of the present study was to evaluate awareness of infection control pro ... | 2007 | 23277843 |
| time trend of the prevalence of hepatitis e antibodies among farmers and blood donors: a potential zoonosis in denmark. | antibody to hepatitis e virus (anti-hev) is prevalent in western countries, where clinical hepatitis e is rarely reported. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anti-hev among danish blood donors and danish farmers. in addition, we compared the prevalence among 2 sets of serum samples obtained from blood donors 20 years apart. | 2008 | 18781880 |
| epidemiological factors affecting hepatitis a seroprevalence in childhood in a developing country. | the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence rate of hepatitis a virus (hav) and the socio-epidemiological factors affecting hav among children aged 0-18 years in eastern turkey. | 2008 | 25610018 |
| [acute acalculous cholecystitis associated with acute hepatitis a virus infection]. | although acute cholecystitis in the context of acute hepatitis a virus (hav) infection is extremely rare, previous cases have been reported. however, this manifestation of hav infection is little known. in the present article, we briefly review previously documented cases and present a new case. we report the case of a 39-year-old woman with fever, abdominal pain and moderately elevated transaminase levels who developed jaundice and peritoneal irritation. diagnosis of acute cholecystitis was giv ... | 2008 | 18783688 |
| pathogen safety of plasma-derived products - haemate p/humate-p. | plasma-derived factor viii (fviii) and von willebrand factor (vwf)/fviii concentrates have been successfully used to treat haemophilia since the late 1960s. these products are derived from pools of plasma donations that may contain viral contaminants - including hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis c virus (hcv) and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) - and may therefore present a transmission risk to recipients. to ensure the safety of haemate p/humate-p, a plasma-derived vwf/fviii concentrate, do ... | 2008 | 18786011 |
| occurrence of enteric viruses in shellfish and relation to climatic-environmental factors. | to investigate the presence of enteric viruses [hepatitis a (hav) and norovirus (nov)] in shellfish harvested from the deltaic area of the po river in relation to environmental factors. | 2008 | 18793257 |
| improved cell mediated immune responses after successful re-vaccination of non-responders to the hepatitis b virus surface antigen (hbsag) vaccine using the combined hepatitis a and b vaccine. | we successfully re-vaccinated hepatitis b virus (hbv) vaccine non-responders using a double dose of the combined hepatitis a virus (hav) and hbv vaccine. the hope was to improve priming of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag)-specific cell mediated immune response (cmi) by an increased antigen dose and a theoretical adjuvant-effect from the local presence of a hav-specific cmi. a few non-responders had a detectable hbsag-specific cmi before re-vaccination. an in vitro detectable hbsag-specific cm ... | 2008 | 18804140 |
| [molecular-epidemiologic characteristic of hepatitis a outbreak among workers of food stores network]. | investigation of hepatitis a (ha) outbreak developed in 2005 among workers of food stores networkwas performed using conventional epidemiologic diagnostics as well as methods of molecular epidemiology. in 14 of 15 ill persons, using polymerase chain reaction, hav rna was detected by pcr in serum obtained on 2 - 25 day of illness (mean - 9.3 days). in 10 cases it was possible to determine nucleotide sequence of vp1/vp2 region of hav genome and perform phylogenetic analysis of obtained isolates. i ... | 2008 | 18819407 |
| bioaccumulation, retention, and depuration of enteric viruses by crassostrea virginica and crassostrea ariakensis oysters. | crassostrea ariakensis oysters are under review for introduction into the chesapeake bay. however, the human health implications of the introduction have not been fully addressed. this study evaluated rates of bioaccumulation, retention, and depuration of viruses by crassostrea virginica and c. ariakensis when the two oyster species were maintained in separate tanks containing synthetic seawater of various salinities (8, 12, or 20 ppt). oyster bioaccumulation tanks were seeded with 10(3) pfu/ml ... | 2008 | 18820067 |
| investigation of a hepatitis a outbreak in children in an urban slum in vellore, tamil nadu, using geographic information systems. | an outbreak of symptomatic viral hepatitis in children less than 10 yr of age in vellore, south india, was investigated and the disease pattern studied using serological and epidemiological methods, supplemented by geographic information systems (gis) mapping. | 2008 | 18820356 |
| the unique role of domain 2a of the hepatitis a virus precursor polypeptide p1-2a in viral morphogenesis. | the initial step during assembly of the hepatitis a virus particle is driven by domain 2a of p1-2a, which is the precursor of the structural proteins. the proteolytic removal of 2a from particulate vp1-2a by an as yet unknown host enzyme presumably terminates viral morphogenesis. using a genetic approach, we show that a basic amino acid residue at the c-terminus of vp1 is required for efficient particle assembly and that host proteases trypsin and cathepsin l remove 2a from hepatitis a virus par ... | 2008 | 18823593 |
| increase in hepatitis a cases in the czech republic in 2008--preliminary report. | the public health protection authorities in the czech republic report a rise in cases of viral hepatitis a (hav) since the end of may 2008. in total, as many as 602 hav cases have been reported in 2008 until the end of calendar week 39 (28 september). | 2008 | 18831951 |
| community-wide outbreak of hepatitis a in latvia, in 2008. | since november 2007, an increase in the number of reported hepatitis a cases has been observed in latvia. the aim of this report is to provide an update on the descriptive epidemiology of hepatitis a in latvia and suggest some possible explanations of the recent increase in incidence. | 2008 | 18831952 |
| has the time come to control hepatitis a globally? matching prevention to the changing epidemiology. | for the first time a global meeting on hepatitis a virus (hav) infection as vaccine preventable disease was organized at the end of 2007. more than 200 experts from 46 countries gathered to investigate the changing global hav epidemiology reflecting the increasing numbers of persons at risk for severe clinical disease and mortality from hav infection. the benefits of childhood and adult hepatitis a (hepa) vaccination strategies and the data needed by individual countries and international health ... | 2008 | 18837827 |
| the need for an evidence-based decision-making process with regard to control of hepatitis a. | universal hepatitis a (ha) vaccination was implemented by the argentinean ministry of health in june 2005 with a single dose at age 12 months. the decision was made taking into account the following factors. (1) disease burden: the incidence rate for the disease increased from 2003 to 2004; the northern and western regions of the country were the most affected. sero-prevalence data for children 1-15 years old was 54% for the whole country, with differences per region and age. from may 1982 to se ... | 2008 | 18837828 |
| changing epidemiology of hepatitis a in brazil: reassessing immunization policy. | recent studies have shown that the prevalence of antibody to hepatitis a virus (hav) is decreasing in several latin american countries. brazil is a very large and heterogeneous country, showing striking regional differences. with regard to sanitary facilities, 81.7% of the districts in the south-eastern region have sewage systems, compared with only 5.8% in the northern region. results of sero-epidemiological studies and reported hepatitis a outbreaks indicate a change in the epidemiological pat ... | 2008 | 18837829 |
| acute hepatitis a in italy: incidence, risk factors and preventive measures. | the incidence of, and risk factors for, acute hepatitis a (aha) were assessed by using data collected from the italian surveillance system of acute viral hepatitis (seieva). to this end, a case-control study within a population-based surveillance for acute viral hepatitis was performed. aha incidence has been estimated since 1991; the association with considered risk factors was analysed from 2001 to 2006 employing cases of acute hepatitis b (ahb) as controls. the incidence of aha declined from ... | 2008 | 18837830 |
| decline in the risk of hepatitis a virus infection in china, a country with booming economy and changing lifestyles. | the objective of the study was to identify the protective factors for the rapid decline in the risk of hepatitis a virus (hav) infection in china between 1990 and 2006. results of serological follow-up and data on annual hepatitis a incidence were analysed and correlated with economic growth and hav vaccine output during the same period. in conclusion, both hav vaccination and changing lifestyles associated with the booming economy contributed to the rapid risk decline. changing lifestyles playe ... | 2008 | 18837831 |
| modern epidemiology of hepatitis a in the north-western region of the russian federation. | the epidemiological features of hepatitis a virus (hav) infection were studied in eleven territories located in the north-western region of the russian federation. the dynamics of hav infection in russia and in the region were evaluated during a 17-year period. the age-specific incidence was calculated and 229 305 patients with acute hav were identified. the analysed database included ha mixed with other viral hepatitis infections: it included information about 8 809 hav patients. special attent ... | 2008 | 18837832 |
| hepatitis a seroprevalence in children and adults in kiev city, ukraine. | ukraine is a zone of moderate hepatitis a endemicity. the changing epidemiology of the disease because of improved hygiene has shifted the burden of hepatitis a to older age groups where the disease is more severe. outbreaks have also become more common as more of the population has become susceptible to hepatitis a virus (hav). to help guide decisions regarding use of hepatitis a vaccine in ukraine, we examined the presence of antibody to hav (anti-hav) in 1001 persons aged 1 to 85 years, visit ... | 2008 | 18837833 |
| effectiveness of universal hepatitis a immunization of children in minsk city, belarus: four-year follow-up. | hepatitis a is a reportable disease in belarus. universal hepatitis a vaccination of children aged 6 years in minsk city began in 2003. this analysis was conducted to evaluate the short-term impact of the program. hepatitis a incidence data from 1954 to 2006 was compiled. vaccination effectiveness was estimated by comparing the incidence of reported hepatitis a cases after 4 years of immunization (2006) with the incidence when the vaccination program started (2003). the vaccines used were avaxim ... | 2008 | 18837836 |
| hepatitis a acute liver failure: follow-up of paediatric patients in southern brazil. | we retrospectively analysed 33 children and adolescents who had been hospitalized in a liver transplant unit within the previous 10 years for acute liver failure (alf). the patients' age varied between 2 months and 15 years of age (median 6.2 +/- 5.3), and 21 (63%) were male. thirteen patients (39%) were immunoglobulin-m anti-hepatitis a virus (hav) sero-positive. eleven cases (33%) had an undetermined aetiology. the 13 children with hav alf were between 17 months and 15.6 years of age (median 5 ... | 2008 | 18837838 |
| differences in hepatitis a seroprevalence among geographical regions in turkey: a need for regional vaccination recommendations. | hepatitis a is a worldwide vaccine-preventable infection. recommendation of vaccination depends on the endemicity of the disease. the world health organization recommends universal hepatitis a vaccination in intermediate areas; however, there is no need of mass vaccination in high and low endemicity regions. therefore, most of the countries are using a vaccination policy according to the endemicity characteristic representing the whole of the country. the endemicity of this infection varies due ... | 2008 | 18837839 |
| sewage workers: risk of acquiring enteric virus infections including hepatitis a. | to determine if sewage workers have an increased risk of acquiring viral infections, 66 workers at a small wastewater plant in north-eastern italy and 72 control subjects recruited from blood donors were enrolled in a seroprevalence study to determine whether sewage workers are at increased risk of acquiring viral infections. in order to evaluate various risk factors, a questionnaire was filled out by each worker whereas seropositivity to hepatitis a virus, coxsackievirus b2 - b3 - b4 - b5, and ... | 2008 | 18843887 |
| epaxal: a virosomal vaccine to prevent hepatitis a infection. | over the last few decades, different types of inactivated hepatitis a virus (hav) vaccines have been developed: several aluminum-adjuvanted vaccines and an aluminum-free, virosome-formulated vaccine. both types of vaccines are whole-virus preparations that are produced by growth of hav strains in human diploid cell cultures and are subsequently inactivated with formaldehyde. this review summarizes all published papers on a virosome-formulated vaccine, epaxal, based on formalin inactivated hav (s ... | 2008 | 18844588 |
| immunological efficacy of a three-dose schedule of hepatitis a vaccine in hiv-infected adults: hepavac study. | the immunogenicity of vaccines, including vaccine against hepatitis a virus (hav), is impaired in patients with hiv infection, requiring revised immunization regimens. | 2008 | 18845961 |
| multilevel analysis of hepatitis a infection in children and adolescents: a household survey in the northeast and central-west regions of brazil. | the objectives were to estimate the prevalence of hepatitis a among children and adolescents from the northeast and midwest regions and the federal district of brazil and to identify individual-, household- and area-levels factors associated with hepatitis a infection. | 2008 | 18653514 |
| acute hepatitis a-associated acute renal failure in adults. | the development of acute renal failure (arf) is a very rare complication in patients with acute hepatitis a (aha). | 2008 | 18663324 |
| improvement of virus safety of an antihemophilc factor ix by virus filtration process. | viral safety is an important prerequisite for clinical preparations of plasma-derived pharmaceuticals. one potential way to increase the safety of therapeutic biological products is the use of a virus-retentive filter. in order to increase the viral safety of human antihemophilic factor ix, particularly in regard to non-enveloped viruses, virus removal process using a polyvinylidene fluoride membrane filter (viresolve nfp) has been optimized. the most critical factor affecting the filtration eff ... | 2008 | 18667862 |