Publications

the einkorn wheat (triticum monococcum) mutant, maintained vegetative phase, is caused by a deletion in the vrn1 gene.	the einkorn wheat (triticum monococcum) mutant, maintained vegetative phase (mvp), was induced by nitrogen ion-beam treatment and was identified by its inability to transit from the vegetative to reproductive phase. in our previous study, we showed that wap1 (wheat apetala1) is a key gene in the regulatory pathway that controls phase transition from vegetative to reproductive growth in common wheat. wap1 is an ortholog of the vrn1 gene that is responsible for vernalization insensitivity in einko ...	2007	17507783
dissection of barley chromosome 5h in common wheat.	we dissected barley chromosome 5h added to common wheat by a genetic method or the gametocidal system. firstly, we induced chromosomal breaks in the offspring of a 5h addition line of common wheat carrying a gametocidal chromosome and cytologically screened for plants with structural chromosomal changes involving 5h, such as deletions and translocations. secondly, we screened the progeny of such plants to establish common wheat lines carrying structurally changed chromosomes containing single se ...	2007	17507778
generation of novel high quality hmw-gs genes in two introgression lines of triticum aestivum/agropyron elongatum.	high molecular weight glutenin subunits (hmw-gs) have been proved to be mostly correlated with the processing quality of common wheat (triticum aestivum). but wheat cultivars have limited number of high quality hmw-gs. however, novel hmw-gs were found to be present in many wheat asymmetric somatic hybrid introgression lines of common wheat/agropyron elongatum.	2007	17502002
inheritance and expression of copies of transgenes 1dx5 and 1ax1 in elite wheat (triticum aestivum l.) varieties transferred from transgenic wheat through conventional crossing.	to study the inheritance and expression of multiple copies of transgenes from transgenic wheat lines, three crosses between transgenic wheat lines b72-8-11b and b102-1-2 and chinese elite wheat varieties chuan89-107 and emai18 were carried out. chuan89-107x72-8-11b, chuan89-107x102-1-2 and emai18x72-8-11b, and f(1) plants were selfed or backcrossed to obtain different generation populations. protein analysis in grains of f(1) and f(2) and backcross progenies of bc(1)f(1), bc(1)f(2), bc(1)f(3), b ...	2007	17492135
response of photosynthetic apparatus to moderate high temperature in contrasting wheat cultivars at different oxygen concentrations.	the photosynthetic responses to moderately high temperatures (38 degrees c, imposed at 21% or 2% o(2) in air and 1500 mumol m(-2) s(-1)) were compared in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars grown in northern regions of ukraine and expected to be relatively sensitive to high temperatures ('north' cultivars) and in cultivars grown in southern regions and expected to be relatively heat-tolerant ('south' cultivars). heating intact leaves in 21% o(2) for 1 h decreased co(2) assimilation by c. 63% ...	2007	17490996
kraft mill sludge to improve vegetal production in chilean andisol.	the effect of kraft mill sludge addition (25 to 75 ton/ha) to soil derived from volcanic ashes (andisol) on wheat (triticum aestivum l.cv. puken) biomass production, and in the nutrient absorption by the plants was evaluated. respiration activity and seed germination tests were carried out on the soil/sludge mixtures, in order to evaluate possible toxic effects due to the sludge addition to the soil. soil without sludge was used as a control treatment. the plants were grown in a greenhouse (25 d ...	2007	17486832
[introgression of aegilops genetic material into the genome of hexaploid triticale].	cytological analysis of different meiosis stages was performed in f4 hybrids in comparison with the f1 hybrids obtained through crosses between the hexaploid triticale and genome-substitution forms of aurolata (aabbuu) and aurosis (aabbs(sh)s(sh)) wheat, in which d genome of common wheat aurora was substituted for the genomes of aegilops umbellulata and ae. sharonensis, respectively. it was demonstrated that in f4 the level of bivalent conjugation was substantially higher than the expected one. ...	2007	17486755
hemi-nested touchdown pcr combined with primer-template mismatch pcr for rapid isolation and sequencing of low molecular weight glutenin subunit gene family from a hexaploid wheat bac library.	hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) possesses a large genome that contains 1.6 x 1010 bp of dna. isolation of a large number of gene sequences from complex gene families with a high level of gene sequence identity from genomic dna is therefore difficult and time-consuming. bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) libraries can be useful for such work. here we report on an efficient approach for rapid isolation and sequencing of the low molecular weight glutenin subunit gene family from the 'glen ...	2007	17480230
physical mapping and identification of a candidate for the leaf rust resistance gene lr1 of wheat.	lr1 is a dominant leaf rust resistance gene located on chromosome 5dl of bread wheat and the wild species aegilops tauschii. in this study, three polymorphic markers (wr001, wr002, and wr003) were developed from resistance gene analogs (rgas) clustering around the lr1 locus. using these and other markers, lr1 was mapped to a genetic interval of 0.79 cm in ae. tauschii and 0.075 cm in wheat. the caps marker wr003, derived from lr1rga1, co-segregated with lr1 in both mapping populations of wheat a ...	2007	17479240
molecular rearrangement in por macrodomains as a reason for the blue shift of chlorophyllide fluorescence observed after phototransformation.	the activation energy and activation volume of the spectral blue shift subsequent to protochlorophyllide phototransformation (called shibata shift in intact leaves) were studied in prolamellar body (plb) and prothylakoid-(pt)-enriched membrane fractions prepared from dark-grown wheat (triticum aestivum, l.) leaves. the measurements were done at 20, 30 and 40 degrees c and at various pressure values. the activation energy values were 181+/-8 kj mol(-1) and 188+/-6 kj mol(-1) for the plbs and the ...	2007	17459331
d hordeins of hordeum chilense: a novel source of variation for improvement of wheat.	the high molecular weight subunits of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) glutenin (hmw-gs) are important in determining the bread-making quality of flour and dough. there is therefore interest in transferring orthologous hmw-gs present in other grass species into wheat by wide crossing in order to extend the range of end use properties. in this work, we have isolated and characterized two genes encoding d hordeins from hordeum chilense (roem. et schult.) lines h1 and h7, representing two ecotypes. the ...	2007	17458535
role of hydrogen peroxide during the interaction between the hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen septoria tritici and wheat.	hydrogen peroxide (h(2)o(2)) is reported to inhibit biotrophic but benefit necrotrophic pathogens. infection by necrotrophs can result in a massive accumulation of h(2)o(2) in hosts. little is known of how pathogens with both growth types are affected (hemibiotrophs). the hemibiotroph, septoria tritici, infecting wheat (triticum aestivum) is inhibited by h(2)o(2) during the biotrophic phase, but a large h(2)o(2) accumulation occurs in the host during reproduction. here, we infiltrated catalase, ...	2007	17447918
grinding up wheat: a massive loss of nucleotide diversity since domestication.	several demographic and selective events occurred during the domestication of wheat from the allotetraploid wild emmer (triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides). cultivated wheat has since been affected by other historical events. we analyzed nucleotide diversity at 21 loci in a sample of 101 individuals representing 4 taxa corresponding to representative steps in the recent evolution of wheat (wild, domesticated, cultivated durum, and bread wheats) to unravel the evolutionary history of cultivated w ...	2007	17443011
a qtl on chromosome 6a in bread wheat (triticum aestivum) is associated with longer coleoptiles, greater seedling vigour and final plant height.	wheat crops with greater early vigour shade the soil surface more rapidly and reduce water loss. evaporative losses affect water-use efficiency particularly in drier regions where most of the rainfall occurs early in the growing season before canopy closure. greater seedling leaf area and longer coleoptiles are major determinants of increased vigour and better crop establishment. a previously developed high vigour breeding line 'vigour 18' was used to establish a large recombinant inbred family ...	2007	17429602
allelic variation of polyphenol oxidase (ppo) genes located on chromosomes 2a and 2d and development of functional markers for the ppo genes in common wheat.	polyphenol oxidase (ppo) activity is highly related to the undesirable browning of wheat-based end products, especially asian noodles. characterization of ppo genes and the development of their functional markers are of great importance for marker-assisted selection in wheat breeding. in the present study, complete genomic dna sequences of two ppo genes, one each located on chromosomes 2a and 2d and their allelic variants were characterized by means of in silico cloning and experimental validati ...	2007	17426955
selection for osmoregulation gene to improve grain yield of wheat genotypes under osmotic stresses.	for identifying osmoreguulation (or) differences in bread wheat genotypes, three experiments by using of randomized complete blocks design with five replications were carried out separately on 6 genotypes (tabasi, alvand, shahi, sabalan, sardary and roshan) under normal, drought and salinity stresses. at earring stage, in order to studying osmotic stress on pollen grains, treatments of 30% peg (control) and 50% peg with 10 mm kcl (osmotic stress) were applied. all pollen grains ofgenotypes were ...	2007	19093486
association studies for agro-physiological and quality traits of triticale x bread wheat derivatives in relation to drought and cold stress.	correlation coefficient analysis conducted on 22 triticale x bread wheat derivatives along with six checks to select true- breeding derivative(s) for future hybridization programme with tolerance to drought and cold stress conditions as well as better quality traits revealed significant correlation of grain yield with spikelets per spike, biological yield, harvest index, leaf area index. interestingly, the grain yield and drought susceptibility index showed no association. however, with cold tol ...	2007	17915762
map-based analysis of genetic loci on chromosome 2d that affect glume tenacity and threshability, components of the free-threshing habit in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	during the domestication of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.), evolutionary modifications that took place in seed dispersal mechanisms enhanced its suitability for agricultural production. one of these modifications involved the evolution of the free-threshing or hulless characteristic. in this study, we studied quantitative trait loci (qtl) affecting components of the free-threshing habit (threshability and glume tenacity) on chromosome 2d in a recombinant inbred line (ril) population develope ...	2007	17909743
[discrimination of the triticum aestivum-t. timopheevii introgression lines using pcr-based molecular markers].	in order to determine the fragment size of triticum timopheevii chromosome segments introduced into wheat background and physically map the pm6 gene, a total of 72 primers (including ssr and sts primers) were used to analyze the eight introduced introgression lines containing pm6 gene. referring to the available mapping information of the analyzed markers on chromosome 2b, pm6 was physically located in distal part of the long arm of chromosome 2b at the region of bin 2bl-6. the introgressed frag ...	2007	17905717
effects of aqueous eucalyptus extracts on seed germination, seedling growth and activities of peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase in three wheat cultivar seedlings (triticum aestivum l.).	evaluation of allelopathic effects of this plant on other near cultivations especially wheat is the aim of this study. effects of water extracts of eucalyptus leaves examined on germination and growth of three wheat cultivar seeds and seedlings. results showed that: germination percentage strongly decreased, leaf and root lengths also affected and dry and wet weights of both roots and shoots showed similar change patterns. activities of peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase as antioxidant enzymes in ...	2007	19090161
the barley phytomer.	morphological mutants have been useful in elucidating the phytomeric structure of plants. recently described mutants have shed new light on the ontogeny (development of plant structures) and the phytomeric system of barley (hordeum vulgare). since the current model for barley phytomers was not adequate to explain the nature of some mutants, a new model is proposed.	2007	17901062
[role of rye chromosome 2r from wheat-rye substitution line 2r(2d)1 (triticum aestivum l. cv. saratovskaya 29-secale cereale l. cv. onokhoiskaya) in genetic regulation of meiotic restitution in wheat-rye polyhaploids].	a study was made of the role of rye chromosome 2r from the wheat-rye substitution line 2r(2d)1 (triticum aestivum l. cv. saratovskaya 29-secale cereale l. cv. onokhoiskaya) in genetic regulation of meiotic restitution in wheat-rye polyhaploids 2r(2d)1 x s. cereale l. cv. onokhoiskaya. rye chromosome 2r proved to affect the completeness of the meiotic program, suppressing the formation of restitution gametes. this was evident from the reductional division of univalent chromosomes in ai and the oc ...	2007	17899816
[effect of rye secale cereale l. chromosomes 1r and 3r on polyembryony expression in hybrid combinations between (hordeum vulgare l.)-triticum aestivum l. alloplasmic recombinant lines and wheat t. aestivum l.-rye s. cereale l. substitution lines].	the effect of rye chromosomes on polyembryony was studied for reciprocal hybrid combinations between (hordeum vulgare l.)-triticum aestivum l. alloplasmic recombinant lines and five wheat t. aestivum l. (cultivar saratovskaya 29)-rye secale cereale l. (cultivar onokhoiskaya) substitution lines: ir(1d), 2r(2d), 3r(3b), 5r(5a), and 6r(6a), and for direct hybrid combinations between the [h. marinum ssp. gussoneanum (h. geniculatum all.)]-t. aestivum alloplasmic recombinant line and the wheat-rye su ...	2007	17899814
an intervarietal genetic linkage map of indian bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and qtl maps for some metric traits.	bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) exhibits very narrow genetic diversity and hence there is high relatedness among cultivated varieties. however, a population generated from an intervarietal cross, with the parents differing in a large number of traits, could lead to the generation of qtl maps which will be useful in practice. in this report a genetic linkage map of wheat is constructed using a cross between two indian bread wheat varieties: sonalika and kalyansona. the linkage map consisted of ...	2007	17894910
organellar genome analysis of rye (secale cereale) representing diverse geographic regions.	rye (secale cereale) is an important diploid (2n = 14, rr) crop species of the triticeae and a better understanding of its organellar genome variation can aid in its improvement. previous genetic analyses of rye focused on the nuclear genome. in the present study, the objective was to investigate the organellar genome diversity and relationships of 96 accessions representing diverse geographic regions using chloroplast (cp) and mitochondrial (mt) dna pcr-rflps. seven cpdna and 4 mtdna coding and ...	2007	17893732
simulating the effects of localized red:far-red ratio on tillering in spring wheat (triticum aestivum) using a three-dimensional virtual plant model.	the outgrowth of tiller buds in poaceae is influenced by the ratio of red to far-red light irradiance (r:fr). at each point in the plant canopy, r:fr is affected by light scattered by surrounding plant tissues. this paper presents a three-dimensional virtual plant modelling approach to simulate local effects of r:fr on tillering in spring wheat (triticum aestivum). r:fr dependence of bud outgrowth was implemented in a wheat model, using three hypothetical responses of bud extension to r:fr (unit ...	2007	17888114
[effects of nitrogen application rate on nitrate reductase activity, nitric oxide content and gas exchange in winter wheat leaves].	in this paper, the effects of different nitrogen application rates on the nitrate reductase (nr) activity, nitric oxide (no) content and gas exchange parameters in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) leaves from tillering stage to heading stage and on grain yield were studied. the results showed that the photosynthetic rate (p(n)), transpiration rate (t(r)) and instantaneous water use efficiency (iwue) of leaves as well as the grain yield were increased with increasing nitrogen application rate ...	2007	17886633
assessment of fusarium infection in wheat heads using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) assay.	the accuracy of a quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay in quantifying the dna of trichothecene-producing f. culmorum and f. graminearum within harvested wheat grains and head tissue was evaluated in comparison with incidences of infected kernels and deoxynivalenol levels. in a first experiment, six durum and bread wheat varieties were grown in randomized plots for a 2-year period, and inoculated with fusarium macroconidia at six growth stages between heading and dough ripening, to obtain ...	2007	17886184
[distribution of 45s rdna sequence on chromosomes of triticum aes-tivum and its relative species].	fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish) and sequential c-banding and fish techniques were used in locating 45s rdna sequence on specific chromosomes of triticum monococcum, t. dicoccoides, t. aestivum, hordeum vulgare, haynaldia villosa, t. durum-haynaldia villosa amphiploid, avena fatus, and roegneria kamoji. high polymorphism between common wheat and its relatives on 45s rdna sequence distribution was detected. all the chromosomal secondary constriction regions of these species had 45s rdna l ...	2007	17855264
rapd markers associated with drought tolerance in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	randomly amplified polymorphic dnas (rapds) were used to search genetic diversity and markers associated with drought tolerance in 20 bread wheat cultivars. these cultivars are extensively being used by farmers in iran, 6 of them are known as drought tolerant. initial screens involved growing 10 cultivars at seedling stage under drought conditions (-5 and -8 bar) exerted by peg 6000 in a hydroponic experiment. these tests confirmed the tolerance of the 6 above mentioned cultivars. thirty 10-mer ...	2007	19090135
flavonoid profiling among wild type and related gm wheat varieties.	pleiotropic effects are one of the main concerns regarding genetically modified organisms (gmos). this includes unintended side effects of the transgene or its genome insertion site on the regulation of other endogenous genes, which could potentially cause the accumulation of different secondary metabolites that may have not only an impact on diet as repeatedly worried by the public but also on the environment. regarding amount and possible environmental effects, flavonoids represent the most pr ...	2007	17849220
analysis of expression profile of selected genes expressed during auxin-induced somatic embryogenesis in leaf base system of wheat (triticum aestivum) and their possible interactions.	somatic embryogenesis is a notable illustration of plant totipotency and involves reprogramming of development in somatic cells toward the embryogenic pathway. auxins are key components as their exogenous application recuperates the embryogenic potential of the mitotically quiescent somatic cells. in order to unravel the molecular basis of somatic embryogenesis, cdna library was made from the regeneration proficient wheat leaf base segments treated with auxin. in total, 1440 clones were sequence ...	2007	17849219
molecular and phylogenetic analysis of mads-box genes of mikc type and chromosome location of sep-like genes in wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	transcription factors encoded by mikc-type mads-box genes control many important functions in plants, including flower development and morphogenesis. the cloning and characterization of 45 mikc-type mads-box full-length cdna sequences of common wheat is reported in the present paper. wheat est databases were searched by known sequences of mikc-type genes and primers were designed for cdna cloning by rt-pcr. full-length cdnas were obtained by 5' and 3' race extension. southern analysis showed tha ...	2007	17846794
simulation of the three-dimensional distribution of the red:far-red ratio within crop canopies.	it is widely recognized that the red:far-red ratio (zeta) acts as a signal that triggers plant morphogenesis. new insights into photomorphogenesis have been gained through experiments in controlled environments. extrapolation of such results to field conditions requires characterization of the zeta signal perceived by plant organs within canopies. this paper presents a modeling approach to characterize this signal. a wheat (triticum aestivum) architectural model was coupled with a three-dimensio ...	2007	17803651
wheat (triticum aestivum l.) root proteome and differentially expressed root proteins between hybrid and parents.	to better understand the development of wheat roots, a reference map of the major soluble proteins of wheat roots was established using a combination of 2-de and maldi tof ms and ms/ms, and a total of 450 protein spots were detected with silver staining in a ph ranges of 4-7, of which 282 spots corresponding to 240 proteins were identified. these identified proteins were grouped into diverse functional categories. in comparison with a wheat leave proteome, in root, proteins involved in metabolis ...	2007	17722204
diversity of acetyl-coenzyme a carboxylase mutations in resistant lolium populations: evaluation using clethodim.	the acetyl-coenzyme a carboxylase (accase)-inhibiting cyclohexanedione herbicide clethodim is used to control grass weeds infesting dicot crops. in australia clethodim is widely used to control the weed lolium rigidum. however, clethodim-resistant lolium populations have appeared over the last 5 years and now are present in many populations across the western australian wheat (triticum aestivum) belt. an aspartate-2078-glycine (gly) mutation in the plastidic accase enzyme has been identified as ...	2007	17720757
purification of antifreeze protein from wheat bran (triticum aestivum l.) based on its hydrophilicity and ice-binding capacity.	wheat-bran ( triticum aestivum l.) antifreeze protein ( taafp) was purified 323-fold to electrophoretic homogeneity with an overall yield of 1.64% from wheat-bran protein by a specific three-step procedure. the three-step procedure was quicker, cheaper, and more effective than the five-step procedure we used earlier. first, taafp was concentrated by a phosphate buffer, on the basis of its strong hydrophilicity that was validated by thermal gravimetric analyses and a surface hydrophobicity analys ...	2007	17715897
genetic dissection of grain yield in bread wheat. i. qtl analysis.	grain yield forms one of the key economic drivers behind a successful wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cropping enterprise and is consequently a major target for wheat breeding programmes. however, due to its complex nature, little is known regarding the genetic control of grain yield. a doubled-haploid population, comprising 182 individuals, produced from a cross between two cultivars 'trident' and 'molineux', was used to construct a linkage map based largely on microsatellite molecular makers. 'tr ...	2007	17713755
development and validation of a viviparous-1 sts marker for pre-harvest sprouting tolerance in chinese wheats.	pre-harvest sprouting (phs) of wheat reduces the quality of wheat grain, and improving phs tolerance is a priority in certain wheat growing regions where conditions favorable for phs exist. two new viviparous-1 allelic variants related to phs tolerance were investigated on b genome of bread wheat, and designated as vp-1bb and vp-1bc, respectively. sequence analysis showed that vp-1bb and vp-1bc had an insertion of 193-bp and a deletion of 83-bp fragment, respectively, located in the third intron ...	2007	17712543
genetic dissection of grain yield in bread wheat. ii. qtl-by-environment interaction.	the grain yield of wheat is influenced by genotype, environment and genotype-by-environment interaction. a mapping population consisting of 182 doubled haploid progeny derived from a cross between the southern australian varieties 'trident' and 'molineux', was used to characterise the interaction of previously mapped grain yield quantitative trait locus (qtl) with specific environmental covariables. environments (17) used for grain yield assessment were characterised for latitude, rainfall, vari ...	2007	17712541
identification of a protein kinase gene associated with pistillody, homeotic transformation of stamens into pistil-like structures, in alloplasmic wheat.	homeotic transformation of stamens into pistil-like structures (called pistillody) has been reported in cytoplasmic substitution (alloplasmic) lines of bread wheat (triticum aestivum) having the cytoplasm of a wild relative species, aegilops crassa. our previous studies indicated that pistillody is caused by alterations of the class b mads-box gene expression pattern associated with mitochondrial gene(s) in the ae. crassa cytoplasm. to elucidate the nuclear gene involved in the cross-talk betwee ...	2007	17704940
powdery mildew resistance in 155 nordic bread wheat cultivars and landraces.	the occurrence and distribution of seedling resistance genes and the presence of adult plant resistance to powdery mildew, was investigated in a collection of 155 nordic bread wheat landraces and cultivars by inoculation with 11 powdery mildew isolates. eighty-nine accessions were susceptible in the seedling stage, while 66 accessions showed some resistance. comparisons of response patterns allowed postulation of combinations of genes pm1a, pm2, pm4b, pm5, pm6, pm8 and pm9 in 21 lines. seedling ...	2007	17663702
alteration of respiration capacity and transcript accumulation level of alternative oxidase genes in necrosis lines of common wheat.	mitochondrial alternative oxidase (aox) is the terminal oxidase responsible for cyanide-insensitive and salicylhydroxamic acid-sensitive respiration in plants. aox is a key enzyme of the alternative respiration pathway. to study the effects of necrotic cell death on the mitochondrial function, production of reactive oxygen species (ros), respiration capacities and accumulation patterns of mitochondria-targeted protein-encoding gene transcripts were compared between wild-type, lesion-mimic mutant ...	2007	17660693
the use of plant waxes as templates for micro- and nanopatterning of surfaces.	small wax sculptures on plant surfaces are responsible for a variety of functions, including the maintenance of sability, self-cleaning properties, prevention of insect attachment and reflection of light. here we report on a method for using recrystallized plant wax crystals on flat technical surfaces for generating micro- and nanopatterned polymers with particular functions. therefore a more than 4-thousand year old replica technique called the "lost wax technique" has been adapted for reproduc ...	2007	17656166
microsatellite mapping of adult-plant leaf rust resistance gene lr22a in wheat.	this study was conducted to identify microsatellite markers (ssr) linked to the adult-plant leaf rust resistance gene lr22a and examine their cross-applicability for marker-assisted selection in different genetic backgrounds. lr22a was previously introgressed from aegilops tauschii coss. to wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and located to chromosome 2ds. comparing ssr alleles from the donor of lr22a to two backcross lines and their recurrent parents showed that between two and five ssr markers were c ...	2007	17646964
molecular mapping of kernel shattering and its association with fusarium head blight resistance in a sumai3 derived population.	kernel shattering (ks) can cause severe grain yield loss in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). the introduction of genotypes with fusarium head blight (fhb) resistance has elevated the ks importance. 'sumai3,' the most commonly used fhb-resistant germplasm worldwide, is reported to be ks susceptible. the objectives of this study were to detect quantitative trait loci (qtls) for ks and to determine the relationship between ks and fhb. a recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between s ...	2007	17646963
natural variation for fertile triploid f1 hybrid formation in allohexaploid wheat speciation.	the tempo, mode, and geography of allopolyploid speciation are influenced by natural variation in the ability of parental species to express postzygotic reproductive phenotypes that affect hybrid fertility. to shed light on the impact of such natural variations, we used allohexaploid triticum aestivum wheats' evolution as a model and analyzed the geographic and phylogenetic distributions of aegilops tauschii (diploid progenitor) accessions involved in the expression of abnormality and fertility ...	2007	17639301
a pseudo-response regulator is misexpressed in the photoperiod insensitive ppd-d1a mutant of wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	ppd-d1 on chromosome 2d is the major photoperiod response locus in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum). a semi-dominant mutation widely used in the "green revolution" converts wheat from a long day (ld) to a photoperiod insensitive (day neutral) plant, providing adaptation to a broad range of environments. comparative mapping shows ppd-d1 to be colinear with the ppd-h1 gene of barley (hordeum vulgare) which is a member of the pseudo-response regulator (prr) gene family. to investigate the relati ...	2007	17634915
genome-wide linkage disequilibrium analysis in bread wheat and durum wheat.	bread wheat and durum wheat were examined for linkage disequilibrium (ld) using microsatellite markers distributed across the genome. the allele database consisted of 189 bread wheat accessions genotyped at 370 loci and 93 durum wheat accessions genotyped at 245 loci. a significance level of p < 0.001 was set for all comparisons. the bread and durum wheat collections showed that 47.9% and 14.0% of all locus pairs were in ld, respectively. ld was more prevalent between loci on the same chromosome ...	2007	17632577
isolation and characterization of viviparous-1 genes in wheat cultivars with distinct aba sensitivity and pre-harvest sprouting tolerance.	pre-harvest sprouting (phs) of wheat reduces the quality and economic value of grain, and increasing phs tolerance is one of the most important traits in wheat breeding. two new vp-1b alleles related to phs tolerance were identified on the 3bl chromosome of bread wheat and were designated vp-1bb and vp-1bc. sequence analysis showed that vp-1bb has a 193 bp insertion and vp-1bc has a 83 bp deletion located in the third intron region of the vp-1b gene, and that they shared 95.43% and 97.89% simila ...	2007	17630295
effect of cadmium toxicity on the level of lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzymes activity in wheat plants colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.	high concentrations of heavy metals in the soil have an adverse effect on micro-organisms and microbial processes. mycorrhizas are among the extracellular strategies to avoid metal toxicity. in the present study, the effect of cadmium on lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzymes activity of am (with glomus veruciforme, g. intraradices and g. etunicatum) and non-am wheat plants was investigated. wheat plants (triticum aestivum l. cv. azar2) which have been colonized by above species, were used ...	2007	19070166
soil water availability modulation over estimated relative yield losses in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) due to ozone exposure.	the approach developed by fuhrer in 1995 to estimate wheat yield losses induced by ozone and modulated by the soil water content (swc) was applied to the data on catalonian wheat yields. the aim of our work was to apply this approach and adjust it to mediterranean environmental conditions by means of the necessary corrections. the main objective pursued was to prove the importance of soil water availability in the estimation of relative wheat yield losses as a factor that modifies the effects of ...	2007	17619747
molecular characterization of vernalization response genes in canadian spring wheat.	vernalization response (vrn) genes play a major role in determining the flowering/maturity times of spring-sown wheat. we characterized a representative set of 40 western canadian adapted spring wheat cultivars/lines for 3 vrn loci. the 40 genotypes were screened, along with 4 genotypes of known vrn genes, using previously published genome-specific polymerase chain reaction primers designed for detecting the presence or absence of dominant or recessive alleles of the major vrn loci: vrn-a1, vrn- ...	2007	17612620
the alpha-tubulin gene family in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and differential gene expression during cold acclimation.	the alpha-tubulins and beta-tubulins are the major constituents of microtubules, which have been recognized as important structural elements in cell growth and morphogenesis, and, recently, for their role in regulation and signal transduction. we have identified 15 full-length cdnas for the members of the alpha-tubulin gene family in hexaploid bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). the genes were clustered into 5 homeologous groups of 3 genes. representatives of the 5 homeologous groups were mapped ...	2007	17612619
gibberellins and heterosis of plant height in wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	heterosis in internode elongation and plant height are commonly observed in hybrid plants, and higher gas contents were found to be correlated with the heterosis in plant height. however, the molecular basis for the increased internode elongation in hybrids is unknown.	2007	17598921
low-energy ion beam promotes the transcription and transposition of the copia-retrotransposons in wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	ltr-retrotransposons are genetic elements having the direct long terminal repeats (ltrs). it can move via an rna intermediate within genomes and is an important fraction of eukaryote genomes. low-energy n(+) ion beam promoted the transcription of the copia-retransposons in those wheat (cv. 'zhoumai 16', which were radiated and allowed to grow for 24 h and 48 h from the planting. relative expression ratio of the copia-retransposons was elevated in different degrees (with a max 40 fold) in wheat p ...	2007	18349504
condensation of rye chromatin in somatic interphase nuclei of ph1 and ph1b wheat.	the ph1 locus in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) enforces diploid-like behavior in the first metaphase of meiosis. to test the hypothesis that this chromosome pairing control is exercised by affecting the degree of chromatin condensation, the dispersion of rye chromatin in interphase nuclei in somatic tissues of wheat-rye chromosome translocations 1rs.1bl, 2rs.2bl, 2bs.2rl, 3rs.3dl and 5rs.5bl was compared in ph1 and ph1b isogenic backgrounds. no significant differences in rye chromatin c ...	2007	18253040
a novel 51-kda fragment of the large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase formed in the stroma of chloroplasts in dark-induced senescing wheat leaves.	the degradation of large subunit (lsu) of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco) in wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. yangmai 158) leaves was studied. a novel 51-kda fragment was detected in leaf crude extracts and in chloroplast lysates from leaves with dark-induced senescence. further studies showed that the 51-kda fragment was found in the reaction solution with stroma fraction but not in that with the chloroplast membrane fraction and in the chloroplast lysates from mature w ...	2007	18251925
chromosome arm location of the genes for the biosynthesis of hordatines in barley.	hordatines a and b, the strong antifungal compounds in barley (hordeum vulgare), are biosynthesized from p-coumaroyl- and feruloyl-coa and agmatine by two successive reactions catalyzed by agmatine coumaroyltransferase (act) and peroxidase. act catalyzes the formation of agmatine conjugates (p-coumaroylagmatine and feruloylagmatine) from precursor coas and agmatine, and peroxidase catalyzes the oxidative coupling of agmatine conjugates to form hordatines. our previous study demonstrated that the ...	2007	18270436
introgression of wheat chromosome 2d or 5d into tritordeum leads to free-threshing habit.	hexaploid tritordeum is the amphiploid derived from the cross between the diploid wild barley hordeum chilense and durum wheat. the non-free-threshing habit is a constraint to this species becoming a new crop. three tritordeum lines (ht374, ht376, and ht382) showing the free-threshing habit were selected from crosses between tritordeum and bread wheat. all three lines were euploids, as revealed by mitotic chromosome counting. genomic in situ hybridization analysis made it possible to distinguish ...	2007	18059545
identification of variation in adaptively important traits and genome-wide analysis of trait-marker associations in triticum monococcum.	einkorn wheat triticum monococcum (2n=2x=14, a(m)a(m)) is one of the earliest domesticated crops. however, it was abandoned for cultivation before the bronze age and has infrequently been used in wheat breeding. little is known about the genetic variation in adaptively important biological traits in t. monococcum. a collection of 30 accessions of diverse geographic origins were characterized for phenotypic variation in various agro-morphological traits including grain storage proteins and endosp ...	2007	18057045
quantifying the presence and absence of turgor for the spatial characterization of cortical senescence in roots of triticum aestivum (poaceae).	cortical senescence is an important feature of the roots of a number of graminaceous species because it may contribute to rhizodeposition of carbon and influence the efficiency of nutrient uptake. a major limitation to understanding the physiological control of senescence and its impact on rhizosphere processes has been the lack of reliable techniques for characterizing the progress of senescence along the root. the use of a single-cell pressure probe was evaluated for quantifying cell integrity ...	2007	21636398
[wheat domestication and bread wheat speciation: variation produced by intraspecific differentiation and allopolyploidization].		2007	18064884
[molecular phylogenetics of cultivated plants, with special reference to maize and common wheat].		2007	18064882
effects on growth and physiological parameters in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown in soil and irrigated with cyanobacterial toxin contaminated water.	the present study investigates the germination and growth of triticum aestivum exposed to two different microcystins (microcystin-lr [where the two variable places in the toxin molecule are leucine (l) and arginine (r) (mc-lr)] and microcystin-rr) and to cell-free cyanobacterial crude extract containing mc-lr. the concentration of the microcystins was set to 0.5 microg l(-1) and therefore is in the range of concentrations normally detected in the environment. in three experiments, the inhibition ...	2007	18020690
preferential elimination of chromosome 1d from homoeologous group-1 alien addition lines in hexaploid wheat.	alien chromosome addition lines are useful genetic material for studying the effect of an individual chromosome in the same genetic background. however, addition lines are sometimes unstable and tend to lose the alien chromosome in subsequent generations. in this study, we report preferential removal of chromosome 1d rather than the alien chromosome from homoeologous group-1 addition lines. the agropyron intermedium chromosome 1agi (1e) addition line, created in the background of 'vilmorin 27', ...	2007	17991995
[genetic analysis of contribution of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits to dough strength in common wheat].	locus-specific primers of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (lmw-gs) genes and gliadin bands tightly linked to lmw-gs genes were analyzed to evaluate the effect of lmw-gs genes on dough strength in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). analysis of the f9 progeny from two crosses '99g45/jing771' and 'pm97034/j771' showed that the lmw-gs genes located at the glu-b3 locus from the three parents had six cysteine, but 'pb' (define) had a seven amino-acid deletion in the repetitive to 'gb' and 'jb' ...	2007	17989052
qtl analysis for some quantitative traits in bread wheat.	quantitative trait loci (qtl) analysis was conducted in bread wheat for 14 important traits utilizing data from four different mapping populations involving different approaches of qtl analysis. analysis for grain protein content (gpc) suggested that the major part of genetic variation for this trait is due to environmental interactions. in contrast, pre-harvest sprouting tolerance (phst) was controlled mainly by main effect qtl (m-qtl) with very little genetic variation due to environmental int ...	2007	17973342
identification of a major quantitative trait locus conditioning resistance to greenbug biotype e in sorghum pi 550610 using simple sequence repeat markers.	greenbug, schizaphis graminum (rondani), represents the most important pest insect of sorghum, sorghum bicolor (l.) moench, in the great plains of the united states. biotype e is the most widespread and dominant type not only in sorghum and wheat, triticum aestivum l., fields, but also on many noncultivated grass species. this study was designed to determine sorghum accession pi 550610 resistance to greenbug biotype e, to map the resistance quantitative trait loci (qtls) by using an established ...	2007	17972647
effect of water deficit on carbohydrate status and enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in seedlings of wheat cultivars.	the effect of water deficit on carbohydrate status and enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism (alpha and beta amylases, sucrose phosphate synthase, sucrose synthase, acid and alkaline invertases) in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) was investigated in the seedlings of drought-sensitive (pbw 343) and drought-tolerant (c 306) cultivars. the water deficit was induced by adding 6% mannitol (water potential -0.815 mpa) in the growth medium. the water deficit reduced starch content in the shoots of tolerant s ...	2007	17970280
the membrane topology of almt1, an aluminum-activated malate transport protein in wheat (triticum aestivum).	the wheat almt1 gene encodes an aluminum (al)-activated malate transport protein which confers al-resistance. we investigated the membrane topology of this plasma-membrane localized protein with immunocytochemical techniques. several green fluorescent protein (gfp)-fused and histidine (his)-tagged chimeras of almt1 were prepared based on a computer-predicted secondary structure and transiently expressed in cultured mammalian cells. antibodies raised to polypeptide epitopes of almt1 were used in ...	2007	19517008
application of the anova-pca method to stability studies of reference materials.	near infrared spectroscopy (nirs) is an analytical technique that can be very useful for stability studies in particular because of its non destructive analytical capability. however, the spectral interpretation and treatment of this kind of multivariate data remains difficult without the use of chemometrics. in this article, a recent chemometrics method, analysis of variance--principal component analysis (anova-pca), was used for nirs stability studies of sunflower and bread wheat external refe ...	2007	17963834
[production of wheat-rye substitution lines based on winter rye cultivars with karyotype identification by means of c-banding, gish, and ssr markers].	the study presents a continuation of the research aimed at producing of wheat-rye substitution lines based on the cross (triticum aestivum l. x secale sereale l.) x triticum aestivum l., and using winter rye cultivars vyatka and vietnamskaya mestnaya. in bc1f5 two lines were identified, having karyotypes in which a pair of homologous wheat chromosomes was substituted by a homeologous pair of rye chromosomes. the chromosome composition of these lines was analyzed using c-banding, gish, and ssr ma ...	2007	17958318
[phytopathological and molecular genetic identification of brown rust resistance genes in common wheat accessions with alien genetic material].	brown rust resistance genes were sought in 23 resistant common wheat accessions with alien genetic material of aegilops speltoides, ae. triuncialis, and triticum kiharae from the arsenal collection. the genes were identified by common phytopathological tests and pcr analysis with sts markers directed to the known lr genes. none of the methods identified the resistance genes in two accessions. in the other accessions, the combination of the two methods broadened the spectrum of detectable genes a ...	2007	17958305
effects of reciprocal crosses on agronomic performance of tritordeum.	tritordeums (tritordeum ascherson et graebner) are the amphiploids derived from the crosses between hordeum chilense and durum or bread wheats. primary tritordeums are obtained using h. chilense as female parent and therefore they exhibit h. chilense cytoplasm. the effect of wheat cytoplasm on agronomic performance of tritordeums was investigated. we developed four pairs of reciprocal f1 lines only differing in their cytoplasm, donated from wheat or h. chilense alternatively. the agronomic perfo ...	2007	17958303
scenario modeling potential eco-efficiency gains from a transition to organic agriculture: life cycle perspectives on canadian canola, corn, soy, and wheat production.	we used life cycle assessment to scenario model the potential reductions in cumulative energy demand (both fossil and renewable) and global warming, acidifying, and ozone-depleting emissions associated with a hypothetical national transition from conventional to organic production of four major field crops [canola (brassica rapa), corn (zea mays), soy (glycine max), and wheat (triticum aestivum)] in canada. models of these systems were constructed using a combination of census data, published va ...	2008	18574623
biotypic diversity in colorado russian wheat aphid (hemiptera: aphididae) populations.	the biotypic diversity of the russian wheat aphid, diuraphis noxia (kurdjumov) (hemiptera: aphididae), was assessed in five isolates collected in colorado. three isolates, rwa 1, rwa 2, and an isolate from montezuma county, co, designated rwa 6, were originally collected from cultivated wheat, triticum aestivum l., and obtained from established colonies at colorado state university. the fourth isolate, designated rwa 7, was collected from canada wildrye, elymus canadensis l., in baca county, co. ...	2008	18459426
reproduction and development of russian wheat aphid biotype 2 on crested wheatgrass, intermediate wheatgrass, and susceptible and resistant wheat.	the russian wheat aphid, diuraphis noxia (kurdjumov), is an economically important pest of small grains. since its introduction into north america in 2003, russian wheat aphid biotype 2 has been found to be virulent to all commercially available winter wheat, triticum aestivum l., cultivars. our goal was to examine differences in russian wheat aphid reproduction and development on a variety of plant hosts to gain information about 1) potential alternate host refuges, 2) selective host pressures ...	2008	18459422
antioxidative enzymes and the russian wheat aphid (diuraphis noxia) resistance response in wheat (triticum aestivum).	a crucial function of antioxidative enzymes is to remove excess reactive oxygen species (ros), which can be toxic to plant cells. the effect of russian wheat aphid (rwa), diuraphis noxia (mordvilko), infestation on the activities of antioxidative enzymes was investigated in the resistant (cv. tugela dn) and the near-isogenic susceptible (cv. tugela) wheat (triticum aestivum l.). rwa infestation significantly induced the activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase and ascorbate peroxi ...	2008	18426488
plant growth depressions in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses: not just caused by carbon drain?	* this study investigated effects of plant density and arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) colonization on growth and phosphorus (p) nutrition of a cultivar of wheat (triticum aestivum) that often shows early am-induced growth depressions. * two experiments were conducted. expt 1 had three plant densities and one soil p concentration. expt 2 had two plant densities and two p concentrations. plants were grown in calcareous p-fixing soil, inoculated with glomus intraradices or gigaspora margarita, or noni ...	2008	18346106
allelic analysis of stripe rust resistance genes on wheat chromosome 2bs.	stripe rust, caused by puccinia striiormis westend f. sp. tritici, is one of the most important foliar diseases of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) worldwide. stripe rust resistance genes yr27, yr31, yrsp, yrv23, and yrcn19 on chromosome 2bs confer resistance to some or all chinese p. striiormis f. sp. tritici races cyr31, cyr32, sy11-4, and sy11-14 in the greenhouse. to screen microsatellite (ssr) markers linked with yrcn19, f1, f2, and f3 populations derived from cross ch377/cn19 were screened wit ...	2008	18956025
identification of two genes for resistance to triticum isolates of magnaporthe oryzae in wheat.	a screening of common wheat cultivars revealed that triticum aestivum 'thatcher' was resistant to triticum isolates of magnaporthe oryzae, whereas t. aestivum 'chinese spring' was susceptible. when f2 seedlings from a cross between 'thatcher' and 'chinese spring' were inoculated with the triticum isolates, resistant and susceptible seedlings segregated in a 15:1 ratio, suggesting that the resistance of 'thatcher' was conditioned by two major genes. an inoculation test of 'chinese spring' substit ...	2008	18356957
water deficit as a driver of the mutualistic relationship between the fungus trichoderma harzianum and two wheat genotypes.	the aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of mutualistic interactions between the fungus trichoderma harzianum and two wheat genotypes, triticum aestivum cv. talhuén and t. turgidum subsp. durum cv. alifén, and the extent to which water deficit affected these interactions. two wheat genotypes were cultivated in the presence or absence of t. harzianum and in the presence or absence of water deficit. t. harzianum was in turn cultivated in the presence or absence of wheat plants and in the ...	2008	18192424
expressing a gene encoding wheat oxalate oxidase enhances resistance to sclerotinia sclerotiorum in oilseed rape (brassica napus).	sclerotinia sclerotiorum causes a highly destructive disease in oilseed rape (brassica napus). oxalic acid (oa) secreted by the pathogen is a key pathogenicity factor. oxalate oxidase (oxo) can oxidize oa into co2 and h2o2. in this study, we show that transgenic oilseed rape (sixth generation lines) constitutively expressing wheat (triticum aestivum) oxo displays considerably increased oxo activity and enhanced resistance to s. sclerotiorum (with up to 90.2 and 88.4% disease reductions compared ...	2008	18446363
root uptake of lipophilic zinc-rhamnolipid complexes.	this study investigated the formation and plant uptake of lipophilic metal-rhamnolipid complexes. monorhamnosyl and dirhamnosyl rhamnolipids formed lipophilic complexes with copper (cu), manganese (mn), and zinc (zn). rhamnolipids significantly increased zn absorption by brassica napus var. pinnacle roots in (65)zn-spiked ice-cold solutions, compared with znso4 alone. therefore, rhamnolipid appeared to facilitate zn absorption via a nonmetabolically mediated pathway. synchrotron xrf and xas show ...	2008	18303840
cis-jasmone induces accumulation of defence compounds in wheat, triticum aestivum.	liquid phase extraction (lpe) and vapor phase extraction (vpe) methodologies were used to evaluate the impact of the plant activator, cis-jasmone, on the secondary metabolism of wheat, triticum aestivum, var. solstice. lpe allowed the measurement of benzoxazinoids, i.e. 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2h-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4h)-one (dimboa), 2-hydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (hmboa) and 6-methoxy-benzoxazolin-2-one (mboa), and phenolic acids such as trans-p-coumaric acid, syringic acid, p-hydroxyben ...	2008	17681563
influence of plant developmental stage on microbial community structure and activity in the rhizosphere of three field crops.	seasonal shifts in rhizosphere microbial populations were investigated to follow the influence of plant developmental stage. a field study of indigenous microbial rhizosphere communities was undertaken on pea (pisum satvium var. quincy), wheat (triticum aestivum var. pena wawa) and sugar beet (beta vulgaris var. amythyst). rhizosphere community diversity and substrate utilization patterns were followed throughout a growing season, by culturing, rrna gene density gradient gel electrophoresis and ...	2008	18616582
reproduction and feeding behavior of myzus persicae on four cereals.	green peach aphid, myzus persicae (sulzer), does not overwinter outdoors in minnesota; it arrives each spring on low-level jet streams from the south. after arrival, anholocylic reproduction occurs on numerous herbaceous species, including many common weeds, before movement to potato, solanum tuberosum l. in investigating aphid feeding behavior on barrier crops, we observed winter wheat, triticum aestivum l., colonized by green peach aphid. the northern great plains grows 94,000 ha of potatoes a ...	2008	18330110
discrete developmental roles for temperate cereal grass vernalization1/fruitfull-like genes in flowering competency and the transition to flowering.	members of the grass subfamily pooideae are characterized by their adaptation to cool temperate climates. vernalization is the process whereby flowering is accelerated in response to a prolonged period of cold. winter cereals are tolerant of low temperatures and flower earlier with vernalization, whereas spring cultivars are intolerant of low temperatures and flower later with vernalization. in the pooid grasses wheat (triticum monococcum, triticum aestivum) and barley (hordeum vulgare), vernali ...	2008	18024551
a bowman-birk type protease inhibitor is involved in the tolerance to salt stress in wheat.	a salt-responsive gene wrsi5 was characterized from salt-tolerant cultivar shanrong no. 3 (sr3), an introgression line via asymmetric somatic hybrid between triticum aestivum l. cv. jinan177 (jn177) and thinopyrum ponticum podp. the peptide encoded by wrsi5 contains a bowman-birk domain sharing a high level of sequence identity to monocotyledonous protease inhibitors. when expressed in vitro, the wrsi5 gene product exhibited trypsin, but not chymotrypsin inhibition. the expression level of wrsi5 ...	2008	18433440
identification and verification of microrna in wheat (triticum aestivum).	micrornas (mirnas) are small, endogenous rnas that regulate gene expression in both plants and animals. a large number of mirnas has been identified from various animals and model plant species such as arabidopsis thaliana and rice (oryza sativa); however, characteristics of wheat (triticum aestivum) mirnas are poorly understood. here, computational identification of mirnas from wheat est sequences was preformed by using the in-house program genomicsvm, a prediction model for mirnas. this study ...	2008	18357413
genome-wide analysis of the rice and arabidopsis non-specific lipid transfer protein (nsltp) gene families and identification of wheat nsltp genes by est data mining.	plant non-specific lipid transfer proteins (nsltps) are encoded by multigene families and possess physiological functions that remain unclear. our objective was to characterize the complete nsltp gene family in rice and arabidopsis and to perform wheat est database mining for nsltp gene discovery.	2008	18291034
in situ comparative studies on subnucleolar distribution and configuration of plant rdna.	the distribution and configurations of nucleolar dna in pisum sativum l., allium sativum l., triticum aestivum l. were analyzed by specific cytochemical staining using nama-ur. it has been observed that in the nucleoli of different plant species, the dna occupied different positions in different areas, which may imply a different status and strategy of rdna transcription. our results showed irregular clumps of rdna surrounding fcs in semi-circular formations in p. sativum and t. aestivum, indica ...	2008	18262427
transport of proteins into chloroplasts. import and maturation of precursors to the 33-, 23-, and 16-kda proteins of the photosynthetic oxygen-evolving complex.	the 33-, 23-, and 16-kda proteins of the photosynthetic oxygen-evolving complex are synthesized as precursors in the cytoplasm and transported into the thylakoid lumen of higher plant chloroplasts. in this report we have analyzed the import and maturation of these precursors, using reconstituted protein import assays and partially purified preparations of the processing peptidases involved. precursors of the 33- and 23-kda proteins from spinacia and triticum aestivum are processed by a stromal p ...	2008	2684958
brassinosteroids regulate grain filling in rice.	genes controlling hormone levels have been used to increase grain yields in wheat (triticum aestivum) and rice (oryza sativa). we created transgenic rice plants expressing maize (zea mays), rice, or arabidopsis thaliana genes encoding sterol c-22 hydroxylases that control brassinosteroid (br) hormone levels using a promoter that is active in only the stems, leaves, and roots. the transgenic plants produced more tillers and more seed than wild-type plants. the seed were heavier as well, especiall ...	2008	18708477
mapping qtls with epistatic effects and qtl x environment interactions for plant height using a doubled haploid population in cultivated wheat.	quantitative trait loci (qtls) for plant height in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) were studied using a set of 168 doubled haploid (dh) lines, which were derived from the cross huapei 3/yumai 57. a genetic linkage map was constructed using 283 ssr and 22 est-ssr markers. the dh population and the parents were evaluated for wheat plant height in 2005 and 2006 in tai'an and 2006 in suzhou. qtl analyses were performed using the software of qtlnetwork version 2.0 based on the mixed linear model. four a ...	2008	18407059
[high molecular weight protein detected in higher plant cells by antibodies against dynein is associated with vesicular organelles including golgi apparatus].	the cytoplasmic dynein is a multisubunit complex driving organelles along microtubules to their minus-end. we used antibodies against two functional domains (motor and microtubule-binding) of one of principal components of the complex--dynein heavy chain of slime mould dictyostelium discoideum--to test root meristem cells of wheat triticum aestivum. the antibodies reacted with a high molecular weight protein (> 500 kda) in the total cell extract and the band recognized by the antibodies in plant ...	2008	18409378
[mapping of the quantitative trait loci (qtl) associated with grain quality characteristics of the common wheat grown under different environmental conditions].	the quantitative trait loci (qtl) associated with individual characteristics of grain and flour quality in wheat lines grown under contrasting environmental conditions were mapped. overall, 22 qtl that manifested under contrasting environmental conditions with various significances were detected on 10 chromosomes. grain hardness and vitreousness were associated with three loci on chromosomes 5d, 6a, and 3a, while the gluten content, with two loci on chromosomes 5b and 7a. dough extensibility was ...	2008	18409391
retroelement insertional polymorphisms, diversity and phylogeography within diploid, d-genome aegilops tauschii (triticeae, poaceae) sub-taxa in iran.	the diploid goat grass aegilops tauschii (2n = 2x = 14) is native to the middle east and is the d-genome donor to hexaploid bread wheat. the aim of this study was to measure the diversity of different subspecies and varieties of wild ae. tauschii collected across the major areas where it grows in iran and to examine patterns of diversity related to the taxa and geography.	2008	18411258
expression of the novel wheat gene tm20 confers enhanced cadmium tolerance to bakers' yeast.	cadmium causes the generation of reactive oxygen species, which in turn causes cell damage. we isolated a novel gene from a wheat root cdna library, which conferred cd(ii)-specific tolerance when expressed in yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae). the gene, which we called tatm20, for triticum aestivum transmembrane 20, encodes a putative hydrophobic polypeptide of 889 amino acids, containing 20 transmembrane domains arranged as a 5-fold internal repeating unit of 4 transmembrane domains each. expres ...	2008	18411273