Publications

susceptibility of clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae to bl-s640, a new oral cephalosporin.	the in vitro activity of bl-s640, a 7-(2-aryl-2-aminoacetamido)-3-(heterocyclic-thiomethyl) cephalosporin, was evaluated against 338 clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae in comparison with ampicillin, cephalothin, cefazolin, and cephalexin. against escherichia coli, bl-s640 was as active as cefazolin and more active than ampicillin, cephalothin, and cephalexin. bl-s640 was as effective as the other cephalosporins tested and far more active than ampicillin against klebsiella and was more activ ...	1975	1137392
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in chronic bronchitis.	authenic tracheobronchial secretions/exudates (tbse) were aspirated under direct vision via a sterile catheter passed through a fiberoptic bronchoscope from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated by chronic bronchitis. tbse, saliva and blood were obtained during long-term administration of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smx) and were assayed for drug content. before and during treatment tbse were cultured qualitatively and quantitatively for aerobic and anaerobic bac ...	1975	1137833
modification of polysaccharides containing uronic acid residues.	klebsiella type 47 capsular polysaccharide has side chains attached to the main chain via d-glucuronic acid residues. the side chains have been removed to yield an essentially linear polysaccharide by the following sequence of reactions: (1) substitution of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups with methyl vinyl ether; (2) beta-elimination by treatment with base; (3) removal of modified uronic acid residues and protecting groups by mild acid hydrolysis. the possibility of modifying other uronic acid-cont ...	1975	1137839
induction by sodium of the citrate fermentation enzymes in klebsiella aerogenes.		1975	1140396
[constrictive pericarditis in infants].		1975	1143967
faecal stasis and bacteriuria: experimental research in rats.		1975	1145908
nodular subcutaneous fat necrosis. a manifestation of silent pancreatitis.	a 57-year-old man with asymptomatic pancreatitis developed tender subcutaneous nodules with fat necrosis. these nodules were the sole clinical manifestation of the underlying disease. this case demonstrates that silent pancreatitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of painful leg nodules.	1975	1147633
introduction: complement diseases in man.		1975	1148384
massive empyema due to citrobacter diversus.	citrobacter diversus is a gram-negative rod member of the enterobacteriacease family. a patient is described from whom this organism was isolated twice in pure culture from empyema fluid. our isolates of citrobacter diversus were resistant to ampicillin and carbenicillin and sensitive to cephalothin. citrobacter diversus should be distinguished from citrobacter freundii, enterobacter cloacae and klebsiella pneumoniae. this organism joins streptococcus pyogenes, bacteroids species, anaerobic stre ...	1975	1149508
bacteremia in febrile children under 2 years of age: results of cultures of blood of 600 consecutive febrile children seen in a "walk-in" clinic.		1975	1151561
dual pathways of glycerol assimilation in klebsiella aerogenes ncib418: their regulation and possible functional significance.	klebsiella aerogenes ncib 418 assimilates glycerol via alternative pathways: one involves a glycerol kinase with a high affinity for glycerol (apparent km = 1-2x10(-6)m), and the second a glycerol dehydrogenase with a much lower affinity for its substrate (apparent km=2-4x10(-2)m). in variously-limited chemostat cultures, one or the other pathway predominated. thus, aerobic carbon-limited organisms contained only the glycerol kinase pathway whereas aerobic sulphate-limited or ammonia-limited o ...	1975	1156097
[occurances of microbes of the family enterobacteriaceae in drugs. ii. findings and properties of the genera enterobacter and klebsiella].		1975	1157106
fosfomycin in treatment of chronic urinary tract infection.	a study was made of fosfomycin in the treatment of chronic urinary infection in 51 patients. 72% of the 67 bacteria isolated and tested in the laboratory with discs containing 50 mug of fosfomycin were found to be sensitive to the antibiotic. the majority of e. coli, klebsiella, p. mirabilis and ps. aeruginosa strains were sensitive to the antibiotic. generally, 60 mg of fosfomycin/kgbody weight was administered intramuscularly 6-hourly for 7-15 days. a clinical and bacteriological cure was obta ...	1975	1157571
bacteremia at boston city hospital: occurrence and mortality during 12 selected years (1935-1972), with special reference to hospital-acquired cases.	the cases of all patients hospitalized at boston city hospital during 1972 who had blood cultures positive for a clinically significant, aerobic bacterial pathogen or for candida were analyzed with respect to incidence and mortality, sex, age, admission to medical or surgical services, and the causative organism. similar data were obtained for 11 years between 1935 and 1969 selected to reflect the introduction and general use of various effective antibacterial agents. comparisons were also made ...	1975	1159333
colonization by enterobacteriaceae of the respiratory tract of children with cystic fibrosis of the pancreas and their antibody response.	of 72 patients with fibrosis, 49 harbored enterobacteriaceae in the respiratory tract, including escherichia coli, klebsiella, and enterobacter. colonization by two to four genera was documented in 29 subjects. staphylococcus aureus was recovered from 44 of these 49 patients. the distribution of serogroups of e. coli was similar to that seen in patients with urinary tract infection. antibody response against the o antigens of the patients' own enterobacteriaceae was documented in 29 of these 49 ...	1975	1159579
mediastinitis in a child caused by perforation of pharynx.	mediastinitis in infants and children secondary to trauma is rarely reported as evidenced by a literature search. a case of mediastinitis occurred following perforation of the pharynx by a pencil. in neonates, traumatic perforation may mimic esophageal atresia. in older children with a history of trauma to the mouth or pharynx by a sharp object, the possibility of secondary mediastinitis exists.	1975	1163510
the place of antibiotic prophylaxis in medicine.		1975	1165230
letter: a 2-hour plate assay for gentamicin.		1975	1165234
bacterial endocarditis 1963 to 1973. observations on incidence, course and treatment at minneapolis veterans administration hospital.		1975	1165756
structural studies of the klebsiella type 57 capsular polysaccharide.	the structure of the capsular polysaccharide from klebsiella type 57 has been investigated. methylation analysis, uronic acid degradation, modified smith degradation and graded acid hydrolysis were the principle methods used. pure oligomeric fragments were isolated using the three methods of degradation and characterized by chemical and physical methods. these studies show the structure to consist of a tetrasaccharide repeating unit (all sugar residues have the d-configuration and are pyranosidi ...	1975	1166725
in vitro evaluation of bl-s640, a new oral cephalosporin antibiotic.	bl-s640, a new oral cephalosporin analogue, was evaluated in vitro against 102 gram-negative and 80 gram-positive bacteria. the antimicrobial spectrum was similar to that of previous cephalosporin analogues. good antimicrobial activity against strains of escherichia coli, klebsiella, staphylococci, and streptococci was demonstrated. relatively poor activity and/or resistance was noted among most strains of proteus, providencia, pseudomonas, and serratia. in comparative studies bl-s640 had better ...	1975	1167042
maduromycosis of the brain. case report.	a rare case of a gas-containing brain abscess due to verified maduromycosis is described. blackish material over the abscess cavity revealed the fungal elements. the pus from the abscess contained streptococcus hemolyticus and klebsiella organisms.	1975	1167580
antimicrobial activities of 81.723 hfu, a new pleuromutilin derivative.	the new pleuromutilin derivative 81.723 hfu is extremely active against gram-positive organisms such as streptococci, staphylococci, and against mycoplasmas. a number of shigella, klebsiella, and escherichia coli strains were also found to be quite susceptible to this new agent, whereas other gram-negative organisms like pseudomonas aeruginosa, proteus species, and alcaligenes faecalis proved to be naturally resistant to 81.723 hfu. the new compound acts bacteriostatically. bactericidal effects ...	1975	1170807
agranulocytosis associated with gentamicin.		1975	1173620
use of bile-esculin agar for rapid differentiation of enterobacteriaceae.	bile-esculin agar has been used for several years for the presumptive identification of group d streptococci. all members of the enterobacteriaceae family will also grow on this medium, but only certain ones can hydrolyze esculin to 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin, which reacts with iron to produce a characteristic blackening of the medium. one thousand and six cultures from clinical specimens representing 20 genera were isolated and identified. heavy inocula from fresh pure culture isolates on heart infu ...	1975	1176613
[biochemical behavior and sensitivity to antibiotics of klebsiella pathogens, isolated from horse test material].		1975	1182015
new mechanisms for the biosynthesis and metabolism of 2-keto-l-gulonic acid in bacteria.	l-sorbose is oxidized to 2-keto-l-gulonic acid (kga) via the following sequence of reactions which we call the "sorbosone pathway": l-sorbose in equilibrium l-sorbosone leads to kga. the first step is reversible and is mediated by enzymes found in a soluble fraction obtained from pseudomonas putida atcc 21812. although no cofactor requirements were found for the forward reaction, the reverse reaction clearly required nadh. enzymes for this nadh-dependent synthesis of l-sorbose could be different ...	1975	1182275
amplification of cell-associated immunological memory by secondary antigenic stimulus. secondary type increase in memory.	in mice primed with a mixture of bovine serum albumin (bsa) and adjuvant (capsular polysaccharide of klebsiella pneumoniae (cps-k)) cell-associated immunological memory was increased secondarily after a second injection of bsa alone, whereas a primary injection of bsa alone into normal unprimed mice did not result in detectable memory. the optimum antigen doses for expression of the primary and secondary memories of adoptively transferred cells from unboosted primed donors or boosted donors in i ...	1975	1184116
humoral immunity to gram-negative bacillary infections in experimental animals and man.		1975	1184193
infection in war wounds: experience during the 1973 october war in israel.	the development of infections in 420 wounded soldiers, admitted to the hadassah university hospital in jerusalem between october 7, 1973 and november 31, 1973, was studied. an attempt was made to relate the development of infection to the type of injury. the overall infection rate was 22%, but varied with the type of injury. three "risk factors" were found to be associated with infection regardless of the number of injuries: 1)penetrating abdominal wounds involving the colon; 2) fractures involv ...	1975	1190879
[the local treatment of ozaena with streptomycin and novocaine (author's transl)].	the essence of this treatment is the injection of a mixture of 250 mgm of streptomycin (5 ml) and novocaine 1% (5 ml) on alternate days. the 10 ml mixture was injected into the conchae and submucosally into the septum on either side. cure generally required a total of 2--3 gm of streptomycin over 15--20 days. review of 25 cases treated over the past 15 years showed that 44% became symptom free and "good" results occurred in another 40%. in 16% treatment proved ineffective. rehabilation was manif ...	1975	1194101
relationship of indole production and antibiotic susceptibility in the klebsiella bacillus.	of 2,442 klebsiella strains isolated from clinical specimens at the university of minnesota hospitals, 18.3% were found to be indole positive. a randomly selected equal number of indole-positive and indole-negative control isolates, characterized by 27 biochemical tests and by serotyping against 72 antisera, were tested against 14 antibiotics. the results indicated a greater incidence of multiple drug resistance among the indole-negative strains among those that produced indole. the organisms in ...	1975	1194407
four hour-test for the identification of enterobacteriaceae.	a set of 12 rapid biochemical tests--lysinedecarboxylase, ornithinedecarboxylase, beta-galactosidase, urease, hydrogensulphide, indole, acetoin, deoxyribonuclease, esculin, mannitol, raffinose and sorbitol--were selected from an original set of 13 tests and were found to give 98% accurate reactions within 4 hrs of incubation for the identification of bacteria belonging to enterobacteriaceae. this set permits identification on the genus and/or species level for escherichia, shigella, citrobacter, ...	1975	1196260
investigations on the efficacy of surface disinfection and surface cleaning procedures. 1. tests under real-life conditions.	the suitability of disinfection preparations is assessed on the basis of laboratory tests, different methods being used in the various countries. since such model tests are rather inadequate when it comes to judging surface disinfectants, additional in-use tests are desirable. they might, in any case, serve as a reference system for judging the evaluation criteria which still differ widely at the moment. the experiments described in this study were chiefly designed to establish the effect of cle ...	1975	1199525
[studies on the infestation of the equine genital and nasal mucosa especially of stallions, with bacterial pathogens significant in horse breeding, with special reference to klebsiella. 1. epidemiologic studies].		1975	1200967
[studies on the infestation of the equine genital and nasal mucosa, especially in stallions, with significant in horse breeding bacterial infective pathogens, with special reference to klebsiella. 1. epidemiologic studies].		1975	1200968
splenectomy in homozygous beta thalassaemia: a retrospective study of 30 patients.	in order to clarify the indications for splenectomy in patients with homozygous beta thalassaemia we studied, retrospectively, the basal pre-transfusion haemoglobin levels and blood transfusion requirements before and after splenectomy, in a series of patients with this disorder. thirty-six patients, of whom 20 underwent splenectomy, were included in this study. three groups of patients with homozygous beta thalassaemia were identified on the basis of clinical and laboratory findings. two of the ...	1975	1201250
the early management of open joint injuries. a prospective study of one hundred and forty patients.	a study of open joint injuries treated at the los angeles county-university of southern california medical center from july 1969 through july 1973 showed that the vast majority of these injuries were at the knee. three types of injury were identified: those associated with fractures, injuries without fracture, and gunshot wounds. all patients were treated with antibiotics, surgical débridement and irrigation, and installation of polyethylene tubes into the joint as a system of postoperative clo ...	1975	1201988
[inoculation frequency and microbial characteristics of bacteria of the genus klebsiella from adults and children with different gastrointestinal disease].		1975	1207520
in vitro activity and pharmacokinetics in patients of cefamandole, a new cephalsoporin antibiotic.	cefamandole nafate, a new cephalosporin for parenteral use, was evaluated in vitro against 231 recent clinical isolates and in 12 patients. cefamandole had activity equivalent to cefazolin against staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, and klebsiella pneumoniae. cefamandole was more active than cephalothin or cefazolin against proteus mirabilis. both cefamandole and cefazolin were as active as cephalothin against s. aureus, were slightly more active against k. pneumoniae, and were considerably ...	1975	1211920
comparison of the antibacterial activities of sisomicin and gentamicin against gram-negative bacteria.	sisomicin was found to be more active on a weight basis than gentamicin against pseudomonas sp., klebsiella sp., and indole-positive proteus. gentamicin was more active than sisomicin against escherichia coli, serratia sp., enterobacter sp., and proteus mirabilis. both antibiotics were very active against methicillin-resistant strains of staphylococcus aureus.	1975	1211927
[lysogeny of klebsiella strains isolated from human infections].		1975	1212081
[epidemiology and clinical aspects of klebsiella infections in premature infants].		1975	1214331
[the bacterial flora of the nasal mucosa of the horse. i. gram-negative bacteria (author's transl)].		1975	1218849
degradation of ioxynil and bromoxynil as measured by a modified spectrophotometric method.	a modified spectrophotometric method was developed to estimate ioxynil and bromoxynil residues. the method when compared with a 14c-tracer method was less sensitive but allowed rapid and accurate estimation of the herbicides. a clay loam soil with high organic matter content, which degraded ioxynil completely to co2, also degraded bromoxynil completely. bromoxynil degradation proceeded at a faster rate than that of ioxynil. the half-life of degradation was estimated to be 7 days for bromoxynil a ...	1975	1220864
[experiences of control measures against hospitalism (author's transl)].	infection caused by gram negative germs in hospitals increased 14-fold since 1957 and measures today 66p.c. of hospital infection. the following causes are mainly responsible for this fact: inadequate hygienic measures, increased antimicrobial chemoprophylaxis and-therapy, changing pattern of antibiotic resistance, increased degree of severity of operations, and the mounting number of intensive care unit patients. 13 letal pneumonias and 1 peritonitis caused by klebsiella were observed in the de ...	1975	1223612
antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria from urine.	bacteria isolated from the urine of 400 hospital inpatients and 483 outpatients were identified and the in vitro sensitivity of these organisms against 12 antibacterial agents currently used in the treatment of urinary tract infections was determined. there was little difference in the distribution of organisms between the two groups. escherichia coli was predominant, accounting for 58% of the inpatients and 66% of the outpatients. klebsiella was present in 15% of the inpatients as against 7% in ...	1975	1223719
[septic shock. clinical review of 72 cases (author's transl)].	the authors present a series of 72 observations of septic shock. the overall hospital mortality is 51%. aggravating factors with worst prognosis are a cirrhosis (90% mortality) and wrong antibiotics before shock occurred (88% mortality). some therapeutic acts (cannulae, venous catheter, urinary catheter, immuno-depressing treatment) increase penetration of gram positive germs of hostipal origin. the germs account for 30% of cases, the most frequent being staphylococcus. among gram-negative organ ...	1975	1224890
[light and electron microscopy of rhinoscleroma (author's transl)].	the authors report the case of a 50 year old male patient whose rhinoscleroma, localized to the upper respiratory tract, was demonstrated by the isolation of klebsiella bacilli and histologically. electron microscopically the mikulicz cells were characterized by fused vacuoles occupying the largest portion of the cytoplasm and displacing the damaged cytoplasmic organelles. phagosomes and dense bodies reminiscent of russel bodies also occurred in the mikulicz cells, in the vacuoles of which forma ...	1975	1225879
[antibiotic prophylaxis in heart surgery. 3 years experience].		1975	1232567
[the bacterial infections in patients with acute leukemia and their treatment by antibiotics, with special reference to klebsiella and pseudomonas infections (author's transl)].		1975	1236974
biological activities of endotoxins detoxified by alkylation.	it has been previously observed that lipopolysaccharides can be detoxified by alkylation and yet retain their adjuvant activity. our present findings confirm these results and show, moreover, that these derivatives did not lose their capacity to protect mice against lethal irradiation and lost only partially their ability to interrupt pregnancy or to induce blast transformation of murine b-lymphocytes. however, in contrast with lipopolysaccharides, these alkylated preparations did not enhance th ...	1975	1238369
[classification of enterobacter and klebsiella].		1975	1240305
[congenital syphilis. apropos of 3 cases with early neonatal manifestations].	three patients with early congenital syphilis are described. a slight degree of prematurity was a common feature. symptomatology consisted in a combination of various lesions of the skin, bones, respiratory and nervous systems. despite prompt initiation of therapy with penicillin, one patient died a few hours after birth. another patient's death was attributed to a secondary klebsiella overinfection. this demonstrates the severity of the syphilitic injury for the newborn infant when it manifests ...	1975	1240885
observations on an outbreak of klebsiella mastitis in sows.		1975	1241837
[practical experiences in the campain against hospital infection].		1975	1243463
broadcast of microbial aerosols by stacks of sewage treatment plants and effects of ozonation on bacteria in the gaseous effluent.	in the aeration basins of sewage treatment plants, compressed air is supplied to diffusers near the bottom of tanks to aid in the conversion by aerobic bacteria of dissolved and suspended solids of sewage into particles that will settle. air bubbles breaking at the air-water interface will aerosolize bacteria that concentrate in the uppermost microlayer. the microbiological output of a plant in new york city with such a system was monitored. samples of the gaseous effluent were collected inside ...	1975	814569
[etiology of mastitis in dairy cows in slovakia during 1972-1974].	in the period from 1972 to 1974, veterinary institutes in slovakia performed bacteriological examinations in 178,853 milk samples coming from 72,454 dairy cows. on an annual average, the number of examined samples was higher by 61% than in 1967-1971. germs responsible for the inflammation of the mammary gland were found in the milk of 22.32% of the dairy cows. the following bacterial germs were represented: streptococcus agalactiae - 15.77%, staphylococcus aureus - 4.19%, other streptococci - 1. ...	1975	814671
[total count and bacterial flora of minced meat with special reference to enterobacteria and pseudomonads (author's transl)].	the bacterial flora of minced meat is dominated by micrococcaceae. in addition lactobacilli, pseudomonads, and enterobacteria are present in high numbers. the most important groups of spoiled meat are lactobacilli and pseudomonads. enterobacteria develop predominantly at higher spoilage temperatures (15 degrees c). a more detailed study was conducted on 1076 cultures of enterobacteria and 915 cultures of pseudomonads. the main groups of enterobacteria found on minced meat are enterobacter liquef ...	1975	820123
[a microbiological survey of stool samples from normal and diarrheic persons in 2 districts of ankara].		1975	820946
[secondary infections in patients with tetanus in dakar].		1975	820436
[optimal dosage of semisynthetic penicillins. ii. microbiological research].		1975	828598
letter: klebsiella infections.		1975	1057099
visualization of actin fibers associated with the cell membrane in amoebae of dictyostelium discoideum.	amoebae of dictyostelium discoideum were attached to a surface coated with polylysine, and the upper portion of the cells was sheared off with a stream of buffer. scanning and transmission electron microscopy showed that the cytoplasmic surface of the exposed membrane was covered with fibers consisting of actin-containing filaments. the actin was identified by its solubility properties and its ability to interact with muscle myosin.	1975	1057168
fever in acute myelogenous leukemia.	implications and course of fever were evaluated during hospitalization of 24 patients with acute myelogenous leukemia. forty-five febrile episodes were identified. fever present at admission was usually associated with a diagnosable and treatable infection; fever shortly after induction was self-limited; and fever during granulocytopenia was more likely to be associated with bacteremia. bacteremia and pneumonia were the most common types of infection. only gram-negative bacteria and candida were ...	1975	1057870
temporomandibular ankylosis secondary to rheumatoid arthritis. report of a case.	a case of unilateral bony ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint secondary to rheumatoid arthritis is presented, and the surgical treatment and postoperative regime are suggested. it is believed that, with proper motivation of the patient, an adequate oral opening may be maintained.	1975	1059058
isolation of subunits of citrate lyase and characterization of their function in the enzyme complex.	citrate lyase [ec 4.1.3.6; citrate oxaloacetate-lyase (pro-3s-ch2-coo--leads to acetate)] from klebsiella aerogenes has been dissociated with urea; the three different subunits, alpha-chain (molecular weight congruent to 54,000), beta-chain (molecular weight congruent to 32,000), and gamma-chain (acyl carrier protein; molecular weight congruent to 10,000), have been isolated in pure and catalytically active state. recombination of the three subunits produced citrate lyase that was indistinguisha ...	1975	1060145
recent observations concerning klebsiella infections in stallions.	a high incidence of klebsiella contamination in german 'warmblut' and thoroughbred stallions is reported. the organism was recovered from the nostrils, prepuce, pre-ejacultory secretion and, in some cases, on the body surface, in the faeces and on the ground of the covering (mating) yard. fertility was not affected. however, differences of virulence were observed and type 5 proved to be the most pathogenic.	1975	1060768
the rapid differentiation of the klebsiella-entero-bacter-serratia from other enterobacteriaceae on esculin-agar.		1975	1062501
enterobacterial chelators of iron: their occurrence, detection, and relation to pathogenicity.	in or on agar media, low-density seedings of enterobacteria fail to grow in the presence of certain concentrations of ethylene diamine-di-orthohydroxyphenyl acetic acid (edda); on the other hand, high-density seedings not only grow but secrete iron chelators which release the iron bound by the edda in the medium and stimulate the growth of low-density seedings. plates of media containing edda with low-density seedings of indicator organisms were used to survey iron-chelator production in seven e ...	1975	812996
[etiology of dairy cows mastitis in slovakia in the years 1972-1974].	in the period from 1972 to 1974, veterinary institutes in slovakia performed bacteriological examinations in 178,853 milk samples coming from 72,454 dairy cows. on an annual average, the number of examined samples were higher by 61% than in 1967-1971. germs responsible for the inflammation of the mammary gland were found in the milk of 22.32% of the dairy cows. the following bacterial germs were represented: streptococcus agalactiae -- 15.77%, staphylococcus aureus -- 4.19%, other streptococci ...	1975	813355
[bacteriological and clinical studies of 100 significant urocultures].	the authors illustrate a screening for bacteriuria performed on 348 samples of urine by patients occurred to observation in two departments of internal medicine from october 1973 to october 1974. the technique to sampling urine has been the meadstream. colony counts of over 10(5) germs per ml or urine were shown in 100 cases. selective culture media were used for urinary bacteria identification. the aa. show a series of considerations on the pathogenetic significance of microbial cell concentrat ...	1975	829592
chloramphenicol today.		1975	1079882
endogenous candida endophthalmitis leading to bilateral corneal perforation.	a premature neonate developed advanced bilateral endophthalmitis before the significance of underlying candida sepsis was appreciated. severe endophthalmitis resulted in corneal thinning, descemetocele formation, and perforation. the infection occurred in the clinical setting of broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy and indwelling intravenous catheters. cultures of blood and catheter tips had been positive for candida but were not considered significant until advanced ocular infection was noted. the ...	1975	1081343
control of microflora in stallion semen with a semen extender.	sterile equipment was used to collect ten ejaculates from each of ten normal stallions and quantitative and qualitative bacterial counts were made within 15 min after collection. the mean bacterial population in undiluted semen was found to be 573,000 +/- 374,000 organisms/ml. the bacterial content of semen diluted with two parts sterile physiological saline, or with two parts of a cream-gelatin extender, was measured within 15 min after collection and again after 2 hr at 25 degrees c. the numbe ...	1975	1107540
cefamandole: antimicrobial activity in vitro of a new cephalosporin.	cefamandole, a new cephalosporin derivative, was found to have a broad spectrum of activity against a cross-section of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria isolated from clinical material. gram-positive cocci, except for streptococcus faecalis, were very susceptible. penicillin g-resistant staphylococcus aureus also was susceptible to cefamandole. minimal bactericidal concentrations for gram-positive cocci approximated the minimal inhibitory concentrations. strains of haemophilus influe ...	1975	1044248
pc-904, a novel broad-spectrum semisynthetic penicillin with marked antipseudomonal activity: microbiological evaluation.	pc-904, sodium 6-{d(-)-alpha-(4-hydroxy-1,5-naphthyridine-3-carboxamido) phenylacetamido}-penicillanate, is a novel semisynthetic penicillin derivative that possesses a broad spectrum of in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities. in low concentrations, pc-904 inhibits growth against large proportions of the gram-positive and gram-negative organisms susceptible to carbenicillin and gentamicin. in addition, pc-904 is several times more potent than carbenicillin against organisms such as pseudo ...	1976	1046355
editorial: iatrogenic nonsuppurative infected thrombophlebitis.		1976	1107609
antenatal infection: adequate protection against hyaline membrane disease?	it has been argued that fetal and placental infections decrease the incidence of hyaline membrane disease (hmd). however, others contend that this is not so. we performed a rigidly controlled clinicopathologic investigation of one group of infants with evidence of severe antenatal infection compared with another group free of infection. this study shows that placental infection correlated positively with neonatal sepsis and that in this series of patients neither infection nor prolonged rupture ...	1976	1107908
[klebsiella-pneumonia in low-birth-weight newborn infants. cumulative incidence in a premature department].		1976	1107937
evaluation of amniotic fluid for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.	studies of 117 pregnant women, 83 at term, were instituted to determine the bacteriologic state of amniotic fluid, utilizing both standard aerobic and anaerobic technics. a high association of postpartum infection was found in women who had long periods of premature reptured membranes and many vaginal examinations. significant organisms including anaerobes, were isolated in many of these instances. based on the findings of these studies, it is recommended that amniocentesis for aerobic and anaer ...	1976	1108641
total excision of the sternum and thoracic pedicle transposition of the greater omentum; useful strategems in managing severe mediastinal infection following open heart surgery.	mediastinal sepsis following open heart surgery is a significant cause of death. open drainage of the mediastinumalone was employed originally in management of this problem. more recently, debridement, drainage, and reclosure have been used. various irrigation solutions, such as antibiotics and betadine, have been advocated to control severe mediastinal sepsis. three principles of management in patients unresponsiveness to the above techniques have proved successful in two patients with life-thr ...	1976	1085994
amikacin in the treatment of gram-negative bronchopulmonary infections.	six patients with acute gram-negative bronchopulmonary infection were treated with amikacin (15 mg/kg per day) administered intramuscularly in two equal doses at 12-hr intervals for 10-13 days. two patients had underlying nonspecific pulmonary disease, two had advanced bronchocarcinoma, and two had extensive bronchiectasis (due to chronic aspergillosis in one patient). the pathogens were pseudomonas aeruginosa in three patients, and haemophilus influenzae, klebsiella ozaenae, and enterobacter cl ...	1976	1086876
prevalence and characterization of resistance to gentamicin in gram-negative bacteria.	a survey of the occurrence of resistance to gentamicin in clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria revealed a 3-fold increase in the percentage of resistant strains between 1974 (4%), and 1976 (12%). gentamicin resistance was mainly found in isolates from hospitalized patients. serratia (35--78%), proteus inconstans (53--62%), klebsiella (6--21%), acinetobacter (9--17%) and pseudomonas (9--14%) exhibited the highest percentage of resistance to this drug. gentamicin inactivating enzymes were d ...	1976	829605
[low weight newborn infants as carriers of bacteria and their bacterial diseases].		1976	829822
products from furans. 1. sunthesis and anticoccidial and antimicrobial activity of 5-amino-5,6-dihydro-6-methoxy-2-methyl-2-(4'-biphenylyl)-2h-pyran-3(4h)-ones and related compounds.	a michael type addition of an amine to 6-methoxy-2-methyl-2-(4'-biphenylyl)-2h-pyran-3(6h)-one (1) dissolved in ether, benzene, or thf gave 5-amino derivatives of 5,6-dihydro-6-methoxy-2-methyl-2-(4'-biphenylyl)-2h-pyran-3(4h)-one (2). these by subsequent reduction with lialh4 were converted to 5-amino derivatives of 6-methoxy-2-methyl-2-(4'-biphenylyl)tetrahydro-2h-pyran-3-ol (3). both isomers a and b of 1 (in regard to the methoxy group at c6) were used for the synthesis of 2 and 3. the in vit ...	1976	814239
three-day and ten-day chemotherapy for urinary tract infections in general practice.	the length of a course of antibiotic treatment for urinary tract infection varies with the habits of the prescriber. many patients do not complete a course of treatment once their symptoms have subsided. in uncomplicated urinary tract infection among women seen in general practice a three-day course of amoxycillin was as effective as a 10-day course of the same drug in the same dose. relief of symptoms was equal in both groups and bacteriuria was eliminated equally successfully in both regimens. ...	1976	764915
causes of death in adults with acute leukemia.	the causes of death were investigated in 315 adults with acute leukemia during a 7-year period (1966-1972). infection alone or in combination was the most common cause (75%), followed by hemorrhage (24%) and organ failure (9%). most of the infections were either systemic or pulmonary. seventy-five percent of the systemic infections and 72% of the pneumonias were caused by bacteria. klebsiella pneumoniae, escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most frequent organisms isolated. after ...	1976	1063911
immunologic aspects of leprosy with reference to extravascular immunoglobulins: their excretion profile in urine.	an aliquot of 24-hour urine collected from leprosy patients was concentrated and examined for the presence of albumin, transferrin, igg, iga, igm, igd, d3, kappa and lambda light chains by the gel diffusion technic using respective monospecific antisera. urinary protein excretion profile in lepromatous leprosy patients showed that while excretion of transferrin in the urine was negligible; that of igg molecules, a substance of higher molecular weight, was significant. it is suggested that the im ...	1976	828627
[fecal bacterial flora under circumstances of prevailing multi-drug resistant bacteria. 2. changes in fecal bacterial flora and drug-resistance of e. coli and klebsiella after administration of antibiotics in infant diarrhea].		1976	828666
[infective situation in a cow barn contaminated with klebsiella mastitis].	the infection situation in a four-row cow-house for 153 animals with a frequent occurrence of klebsiella mastitis was subject to a detailed analysis. the following results were obtained after two collections of blood and udder-quarter milk samples examined by the test-tube agglutination, gel precipitation, and bacteriological diagnosis methods: 1. streptococcus agalactiae was isolated from milk samples 28 and 31 times, pseudomonas aeruginosa 15 and 19 times, staphylococcus arueus 16 and 19 times ...	1976	828991
[etiology of mastitidos in dairy cows in slovakia during 1975].	in 1975, in the veterinary institutes in slovakia bacteriological examinations of 54824 samples of milk coming from 28737 dairy cows were performed. bacterial germs responsible for the inflammation of the mammary gland were found in the milk of 18.91% of cows. these were: streptococcus agalactiae (in 13.93% of cows), staphylococcus aureus (2.86%), other streptococci (1.32%), e. coli (0.13%), klebsiella sp. (0.13%), corynebacterium pyogenes (0.15%), other bacterial germs (0.39%). streptococci and ...	1976	828997
recent status of bacterial sensitivities to various antibiotics.		1976	829148
selective advantages of various bacterial carbohydrate transport mechanisms.	at least four strategies have been developed by bacteria for capturing carbohydrates. they are typified by the transport mechanisms for glycerol, glucose, lactose, and galactose in escherichia coli. glycerol enters the cell by facilitated diffusion catalyzed by specific membrane protein. once inside the cell, the substrate is trapped by phosphorylation mediated by an adenosine triphosphate (atp)-dependent kinase. glucose is phosphorylated in transit by a membrane-associated phosphoenolpyruvate p ...	1976	820574
[antibacterial activity of antibiotics in human bile (author's transl)].	marked differences exist between antibacterial activity in human bile and broth. whereas penicillins and cephalosporines exhibit virtually the same activity in broth and bile, tetracycline shows a great lose, and the activity of the aminoglykosides is increased in bile. minimal inhibitory concentrations of chlorampenicol and co-trimoxazole are also different in broth and human bile. the differences in activity are related to the ph although not all deviations can be attributed to the effect of t ...	1976	820649
comparative evaluation of five aminoglycosides for treatment.	gentamicin, tobramycin, sisomicin, amikacin and kanamycin are compared for therapeutic use by correlating the in vitro minimal inhibitory concentration with the in vivo concentration of the antibiotic attainable in the serum at half the time intervall between two administrations of the drugs. using this method of evaluation, e. coli, enterobacter and sensitive strains of the klebsiella and pseudomonas species can be treated in principle equally well with gentamicin, tobramycin and sisomicin, and ...	1976	820656
microbiology--detection of bacterial pathogens and their occurrence.		1976	820880
in vitro studies with sisomicin and gentamicin.	sisomicin and gentamicin were tested in vitro against 222 clinical isolates of pathogenic bacteria using the ics agar dilution procedure. the two drugs were comparable in terms of overall activity although statistical analyses of the data revealed significant differences in their activity against several genera. sisomicin was significantly more active against pseudomonas aeruginosa (p less than 0.001), proteus mirabilis (p less than 0.005), and escherichia coli (p less than 0.01); gentamicin was ...	1976	821725
therapy of infections with cefazolin.	16 patients with acute urinary tract infections, 6 with acute lower respiratory tract infections and 3 with miscellaneous infections were treated with 1 g cefazolin parenterally 3 times daily. all patients, except one in whom therapy was discontinued, were cured. both intramuscular and intravenous administration resulted in high-peak serum levels, and concentrations after 8 h were still inhibitory to relevant pathogens. the drug was well tolerated and caused, after intramuscular injection, proba ...	1976	821726
[cortisone and liquemin therapy of septic shock in peritonitis].		1976	821728