Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| an atypical α/β-hydrolase fold revealed in the crystal structure of pimeloyl-acyl carrier protein methyl esterase biog from haemophilus influenzae. | pimeloyl-acyl carrier protein (acp) methyl esterase is an α/β-hydrolase that catalyzes the last biosynthetic step of pimeloyl-acp, a key intermediate in biotin biosynthesis. intriguingly, multiple nonhomologous isofunctional forms of this enzyme that lack significant sequence identity are present in diverse bacteria. one such esterase, escherichia coli bioh, has been shown to be a typical α/β-hydrolase fold enzyme. to gain further insights into the role of this step in biotin biosynthesis, we ha ... | 2016 | 27933801 |
| neonatal bacterial meningitis in tikur anbessa specialized hospital, ethiopia: a 10-year retrospective review. | bacterial meningitis is still a major public health threat in developing countries. it is an overwhelming infection with a high morbidity and mortality rate, especially in neonates. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and etiological agents that cause bacterial neonatal meningitis at tikur anbessa specialized hospital (tash). | 2016 | 27917346 |
| a novel putrescine exporter sapbcdf of escherichia coli. | recent research has suggested that polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine) in the intestinal tract impact the health of animals either negatively or positively. the concentration of polyamines in the intestinal tract results from the balance of uptake and export of the intestinal bacteria. however, the mechanism of polyamine export from bacterial cells to the intestinal lumen is still unclear. in escherichia coli, pote was previously identified as a transporter responsible for putresci ... | 2016 | 27803167 |
| structural determinants for antitoxin identity and insulation of cross talk between homologous toxin-antitoxin systems. | toxin-antitoxin (ta) systems are ubiquitous in bacteria and archaea, where they play a pivotal role in the establishment and maintenance of dormancy. under normal growth conditions, the antitoxin neutralizes the toxin. however, under conditions of stress, such as nutrient starvation or antibiotic treatment, cellular proteases degrade the antitoxin, and the toxin functions to arrest bacterial growth. we characterized the specificity determinants of the interactions between vapb antitoxins and vap ... | 2016 | 27672196 |
| antibacterial fabh inhibitors with mode of action validated in haemophilus influenzae by in vitro resistance mutation mapping. | fatty acid biosynthesis is essential to bacterial growth in gram-negative pathogens. several small molecules identified through a combination of high-throughput and fragment screening were cocrystallized with fabh (β-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase iii) from escherichia coli and streptococcus pneumoniae. structure-based drug design was used to merge several scaffolds to provide a new class of inhibitors. after optimization for gram-negative enzyme inhibitory potency, several compounds dem ... | 2016 | 27626097 |
| identification of novel macrolides with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and type i and iii ifn-augmenting activity in airway epithelium. | exacerbations of asthma and copd are triggered by rhinoviruses. uncontrolled inflammatory pathways, pathogenic bacterial burden and impaired antiviral immunity are thought to be important factors in disease severity and duration. macrolides including azithromycin are often used to treat the above diseases, but exhibit variable levels of efficacy. inhaled corticosteroids are also readily used in treatment, but may lack specificity. ideally, new treatment alternatives should suppress unwanted infl ... | 2016 | 27494903 |
| in vitro activity of ceftaroline against bacterial pathogens isolated from patients with skin and soft tissue and respiratory tract infections in african and middle eastern countries: aware global surveillance program 2012-2014. | the objective of this report was to document antimicrobial susceptibility testing surveillance data for ceftaroline and comparative agents from the aware (assessing worldwide antimicrobial resistance evaluation) global surveillance program for bacterial pathogens causing skin and soft tissue and respiratory tract infections in african and middle eastern countries from 2012 through 2014. pathogen identities were confirmed by maldi-tof and antimicrobial susceptibility testing performed by clsi bro ... | 2016 | 27461798 |
| de-escalation versus continuation of empirical antimicrobial therapy in community-acquired pneumonia. | to compare mortality between de-escalation and continued empirical treatment in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. | 2016 | 27394401 |
| macrolones are a novel class of macrolide antibiotics active against key resistant respiratory pathogens in vitro and in vivo. | as we face an alarming increase in bacterial resistance to current antibacterial chemotherapeutics, expanding the available therapeutic arsenal in the fight against resistant bacterial pathogens causing respiratory tract infections is of high importance. the antibacterial potency of macrolones, a novel class of macrolide antibiotics, against key respiratory pathogens was evaluated in vitro and in vivo mic values against streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus pyogenes, staphylococcus aureus, and ... | 2016 | 27353268 |
| evaluation and management of febrile children: a review. | management of febrile children is an intrinsic aspect of pediatric practice. febrile children account for 15% of emergency department visits and outcomes range from the presence of serious bacterial infection to benign self-limited illness. | 2016 | 27322346 |
| [susceptibility of clinically-isolated bacteria strains to respiratory quinolones and evaluation of antimicrobial agent efficacy by monte carlo simulation]. | respiratory quinolones (rqs) are broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents used for the treatment of a wide variety of community-acquired and nosocomial infections. however, bacterial resistance to quinolones has been on the increase. in this study, we investigated the predicted efficacy of rqs for various strains of 9 bacterial species clinically isolated at our university hospital using the monte carlo simulation (mcs) method based on pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics modeling. in addition, the infl ... | 2016 | 27290828 |
| [surveillance of in vitro susceptibilities to levofloxacin and various antibacterial agents for 11,762 clinical isolates obtained from 69 centers in 2013]. | antimicrobial susceptibility testing has been conducted continuously as postmarketing surveillance of levofloxacin (lvfx) since 1994. the present survey was undertaken to investigate in vitro susceptibilities of bacteria to 33 selected antibacterial agents, focusing on fluoroquinolones (fqs), using 11,762 clinical isolates for 19 species collected from 69 centers during 2013 in japan. the common respiratory pathogens streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus pneumoniae, moraxella catarrhalis, and ha ... | 2016 | 27290827 |
| surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in lebanese hospitals: retrospective nationwide compiled data. | antimicrobial resistance is closely linked to antimicrobial use and is a growing concern worldwide. antimicrobial resistance increases healthcare costs substantially in many countries, including lebanon. national data from lebanon have, in the most part, been limited to a few academic hospitals. the lebanese society of infectious diseases conducted a retrospective study to better describe the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of bacterial isolates in lebanon. data were based on records retri ... | 2016 | 26996458 |
| bacteremia in children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus infection. | the risk of bacteremia is considered low in children with acute bronchiolitis. however the rate of occult bacteremia in infants with rsv infection is not well established. the aim was to determine the actual rate and predictive factors of bacteremia in children admitted to hospital due to confirmed rsv acute respiratory illness (ari), using both conventional culture and molecular techniques. | 2016 | 26872131 |
| vaccination coverage among children aged 19-35 months - united states, 2015. | sustained high coverage with recommended vaccinations among children has kept many vaccine-preventable diseases at low levels in the united states (1). to assess coverage with vaccinations recommended for children by age 2 years in the united states (2), cdc analyzed data collected by the 2015 national immunization survey (nis) for children aged 19-35 months (born january 2012-may 2014). overall, coverage did not change during 2014-2015. coverage in 2015 was highest for ≥3 doses of poliovirus va ... | 2016 | 27711036 |
| vaccination coverage disparities between foreign-born and u.s.-born children aged 19-35 months, united states, 2010-2012. | healthy people 2020 targets high vaccination coverage among children. although reductions in coverage disparities by race/ethnicity have been described, data by nativity are limited. the national immunization survey is a random-digit-dialed telephone survey that estimates vaccination coverage among u.s. children aged 19-35 months. we assessed coverage among 52,441 children from pooled 2010-2012 data for individual vaccines and the combined 4:3:1:3*:3:1:4 series (which includes ≥4 doses of diphth ... | 2016 | 27480159 |
| seroprevalence of vaccine-preventable diseases among young children in the united arab emirates. | in the united arab emirates (uae), many vaccine-preventable diseases are notifiable and are often reported despite high estimated immunization coverage. the serological assessment of immunity against these infections (serosurveillance) complements disease surveillance (notification). this study aimed to assess the yet unmeasured serological immunities to nine vaccine-preventable infections among vaccinated emirati children. | 2016 | 27457919 |
| self-reported prenatal influenza vaccination and early childhood vaccine series completion. | no studies have examined associations between prenatal vaccination and childhood vaccination. mothers who refuse influenza vaccinations during pregnancy report similar attitudes and beliefs to those who refuse vaccinations for their children. the objective of this study was to examine the association between self-reported prenatal influenza vaccination and early childhood vaccination. | 2016 | 27002252 |
| maternal helminth infection is associated with higher infant immunoglobulin a titers to antigen in orally administered vaccines. | many studies have documented lower vaccine efficacy among children in low-income countries, compared with their counterparts in high-income countries. this disparity is especially apparent with respect to oral vaccines such as rotavirus and oral polio vaccines. one potential contributing factor is the presence of maternal antenatal helminth infections, which can modulate the infant's developing immune system. | 2016 | 26908751 |
| safety and reactogenicity of the combined diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-inactivated poliovirus-haemophilus influenzae type b (dtpa-ipv/hib) vaccine in healthy vietnamese toddlers: an open-label, phase iii study. | the introduction of combination vaccines plays a significant role in increasing vaccine acceptance and widening vaccine coverage. primary vaccination against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, poliomyelitis and haemophilus influenza type b (hib) diseases has been implemented in vietnam. in this study we evaluated the safety and reactogenicity of combined diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis-inactivated polio (dtpa-ipv)/hib vaccine when administered as a booster dose in 300 healthy vietnamese children <2 ye ... | 2016 | 26337197 |
| safety and immunogenicity of a quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine and commonly administered vaccines after coadministration. | given the broad age range across which the quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine menacwy-crm is used, coadministration with routine vaccines should be evaluated across age groups for possible immunologic interference and impact on vaccine reactogenicity and safety. | 2016 | 26398743 |
| a quasi-universal medium to break the aerobic/anaerobic bacterial culture dichotomy in clinical microbiology. | in the mid-19th century, the dichotomy between aerobic and anaerobic bacteria was introduced. nevertheless, the aerobic growth of strictly anaerobic bacterial species such as ruminococcus gnavus and fusobacterium necrophorum, in a culture medium containing antioxidants, was recently demonstrated. we tested aerobically the culture of 623 bacterial strains from 276 bacterial species including 82 strictly anaerobic, 154 facultative anaerobic, 31 aerobic and nine microaerophilic bacterial species as ... | 2016 | 26577141 |
| identification of chemical compounds that inhibit protein synthesis in pseudomonas aeruginosa. | four inhibitory compounds were identified using a poly-uridylic acid (polyu) mrna-directed aminoacylation/translation (a/t) protein synthesis system composed of phenylalanyl-trna synthetases (phers), ribosomes, and ribosomal factors from pseudomonas aeruginosa in an in vitro screen of a synthetic compound library. the compounds were specific for inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis. in enzymatic assays, the compounds inhibited protein synthesis with ic50 values ranging from 20 to 60 μm. min ... | 2016 | 27872201 |
| vaccines against major icu pathogens: where do we stand? | multidrug resistance of bacterial pathogens has confronted physicians around the world with the threat of inefficacy of the antibiotic regime, which is particularly important for patients with sepsis. antibiotic resistance has revived search for alternative nonantibiotic strategies. among them, prophylaxis by vaccination is an appealing concept. | 2016 | 27583587 |
| development of the nasopharyngeal microbiota in infants with cystic fibrosis. | cystic fibrosis (cf) is characterized by early structural lung disease caused by pulmonary infections. the nasopharynx of infants is a major ecological reservoir of potential respiratory pathogens. | 2016 | 26492486 |
| age-related risk factors for bacterial aetiology in community-acquired pneumonia. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of age and comorbidities, smoking and alcohol use on microorganisms in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (cap). | 2016 | 27417291 |
| multicenter evaluation of biofire filmarray meningitis/encephalitis panel for detection of bacteria, viruses, and yeast in cerebrospinal fluid specimens. | rapid diagnosis and treatment of infectious meningitis and encephalitis are critical to minimize morbidity and mortality. comprehensive testing of cerebrospinal fluid (csf) often includes gram stain, culture, antigen detection, and molecular methods, paired with chemical and cellular analyses. these methods may lack sensitivity or specificity, can take several days, and require significant volume for complete analysis. the filmarray meningitis/encephalitis (me) panel is a multiplexed in vitro di ... | 2016 | 27335149 |
| [causes of lymphocytic meningitis in people with hiv admitted to the infectious disease department of conakry]. | the advent of hiv infection has significantly changed the distribution of the causes of lymphocytic meningitis. the objective of this study was to identify these causes among persons with hiv hospitalized in the infectious disease department of the chu of conakry. | 2016 | 25466555 |
| etiological characteristics of chlamydia trachoma conjunctivitis of primary boarding school students in the qinghai tibetan area. | the aim of this study was to investigate the etiological characteristics of chlamydia trachomatis conjunctivitis among resident students at primary schools in the qinghai tibetan area in order to understand the distribution of c. trachomatis and other pathogenic microorganisms, to detect the isolation rate of infectious pathogens, and to provide an evidence for further targeted efforts in the prevent of sporadic trachoma efforts. from two primary schools in qinghai province, ocular samples from ... | 2016 | 27225259 |
| the first report: an analysis of bacterial flora of the first voided urine specimens of patients with male urethritis using the 16s ribosomal rna gene-based clone library method. | to analyse the bacterial flora of urine from patients with male urethritis using the clone library method. | 2016 | 27013259 |
| male non-gonococcal urethritis: from microbiological etiologies to demographic and clinical features. | to detect microorganisms responsible for male acute urethritis and to define the microbiology of non-gonococcal urethritis. | 2016 | 26845624 |
| urethritis-associated pathogens in urine from men with non-gonococcal urethritis: a case-control study. | the aetiology of non-gonococcal urethritis (ngu) remains unexplained in 30-40% of patients. urine samples from men attending swedish sexually transmitted disease clinics were examined by species-specific quantitative pcrs for chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma genitalium, trichomonas vaginalis, ureaplasma urealyticum, u. parvum, adenovirus, herpes simplex virus, neisseria meningitidis, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis and streptococcus pneumoniae. a total of 187 men with acute ngu (s ... | 2016 | 26658669 |
| microbial ecosystem analysis in root canal infections refractory to endodontic treatment. | the purpose of this study was to combine multiple displacement amplification and checkerboard dna-dna hybridization to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the microbiota present in infections refractory to endodontic treatment. | 2016 | 27377440 |
| community-acquired pneumonia in the asia-pacific region. | community-acquired pneumonia (cap) is an important cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. aging population, dense urbanization, and poor access to health care make the asia-pacific region vulnerable to cap. the high incidence of cap poses a significant health and economic burden in this region. common etiologic agents in other global regions including streptococcus pneumoniae, mycoplasma pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, chlamydophila pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus, and respiratory vir ... | 2016 | 27960208 |
| in vitro volatile organic compound profiling using gc×gc-tofms to differentiate bacteria associated with lung infections: a proof-of-concept study. | chronic pulmonary infections are the principal cause of morbidity and mortality in individuals with cystic fibrosis (cf). due to the polymicrobial nature of these infections, the identification of the particular bacterial species responsible is an essential step in diagnosis and treatment. current diagnostic procedures are time-consuming, and can also be expensive, invasive and unpleasant in the absence of spontaneously expectorated sputum. the development of a rapid, non-invasive methodology ca ... | 2016 | 27120170 |
| [community acquired pneumonia - treatment options according to the international recommendations]. | pneumonia remains one of the main reasons of heath care system utilization. quick diagnosis and prompt treatment initiation determine favorable outcome. empirical antibiotic treatment allows to achieve treatment success in most patients. treatment recommendations are based on big epidemiological trials. nevertheless, it is sometimes necessary to know the definite etiologic factor of pneumonia. in these cases microbiological diagnostics is useful, i.e. sputum microscopy and culture, blood culture ... | 2016 | 27421128 |
| etiology of parapneumonic effusion and pleural empyema in children. the role of conventional and molecular microbiological tests. | an increasing incidence of parapneumonic effusion and pleural empyema (ppe/pe) has been reported in recent studies. as only few data on etiology of ppe/pe in central europe have been reported, we undertook a study on the etiology of ppe/pe in children, using both standard culture and molecular techniques. | 2016 | 27296817 |
| pathogens causing upper respiratory tract infections in outpatients. | the aim of the present study was to determine the results of typical and atypical bacteria microbiological tests in patients with symptoms of chronic cough. we investigated 230 outpatients aged from 1 to 83 years (112 female, 72 male, and 46 children) who were free of any respiratory tract infection at the time of study. the material for the investigation consisted of pharyngeal swabs. two hundred and thirty pharyngeal swabs were examined for chlamydia pneumoniae antigen and for typical pathogen ... | 2016 | 27235165 |
| the role of solithromycin in the management of bacterial community-acquired pneumonia. | the fluoroketolide solithromycin is 2-fold more potent in vitro than telithromycin against pneumococci (including macrolide-resistant strains) and haemophilus influenzae and very active on pathogens causing atypical pneumonia. in contrast, it is a 30-fold less potent inhibitor of nicotinic receptors incriminated in telithromycin toxicity. in phase ii/iii trials, oral solithromycin once-daily (800 mg on day 1; 400 mg on days 2-5) proved effective and safe when compared to respiratory fluoroquinol ... | 2016 | 26848612 |
| isolation of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in upper respiratory tract infections of patients. | haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pyogenes, moraxella catarrhalis, staphylococcus aureus, and streptococcus pneumoniae are usual cause of upper respiratory tract infection cases. the present study aims the isolation of bacterial strains which are resistant to the commonly prescribed antibiotics. in total, 900 throat swabs were obtained from the patients suffering from upper respiratory tract infections residing in three different localities. the maximum number of isolates (64 %) were obtaine ... | 2016 | 28330238 |
| pediatric miller fisher syndrome complicating an epstein-barr virus infection. | miller fisher syndrome, a variant of guillain-barré syndrome, is an acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that may occur weeks after a bacterial or viral infection. campylobacter jejuni and haemophilus influenzae are frequently reported etiological agents. | 2016 | 27460528 |
| comparative analyses of the lipooligosaccharides from nontypeable haemophilus influenzae and haemophilus haemolyticus show differences in sialic acid and phosphorylcholine modifications. | haemophilus haemolyticus and nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) are closely related upper airway commensal bacteria that are difficult to distinguish phenotypically. nthi causes upper and lower airway tract infections in individuals with compromised airways, while h. haemolyticus rarely causes such infections. the lipooligosaccharide (los) is an outer membrane component of both species and plays a role in nthi pathogenesis. in this study, comparative analyses of the los structures and cor ... | 2016 | 26729761 |
| nqrm (duf539) protein is required for maturation of bacterial na+-translocating nadh:quinone oxidoreductase. | na(+)-translocating nadh:quinone oxidoreductase (na(+)-nqr) catalyzes electron transfer from nadh to ubiquinone in the bacterial respiratory chain, coupled with na(+) translocation across the membrane. na(+)-nqr maturation involves covalent attachment of flavin mononucleotide (fmn) residues, catalyzed by flavin transferase encoded by the nqr-associated apbe gene. analysis of complete bacterial genomes has revealed another putative gene (duf539, here renamed nqrm) that usually follows the apbe ge ... | 2016 | 26644436 |
| novel strategy to protect against influenza virus-induced pneumococcal disease without interfering with commensal colonization. | streptococcus pneumoniae commonly inhabits the nasopharynx as a member of the commensal biofilm. infection with respiratory viruses, such as influenza a virus, induces commensal s. pneumoniae to disseminate beyond the nasopharynx and to elicit severe infections of the middle ears, lungs, and blood that are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. current preventive strategies, including the polysaccharide conjugate vaccines, aim to eliminate asymptomatic carriage with vaccine-type ... | 2016 | 27001538 |
| microorganisms causing community-acquired acute bronchitis: the role of bacterial infection. | although acute bronchitis is quite common, there is relatively limited information regarding the microorganisms that are involved in this illness. | 2016 | 27788254 |
| differential effects of p38, mapk, pi3k or rho kinase inhibitors on bacterial phagocytosis and efferocytosis by macrophages in copd. | pulmonary inflammation and bacterial colonization are central to the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). defects in macrophage phagocytosis of both bacteria and apoptotic cells contribute to the copd phenotype. small molecule inhibitors with anti-inflammatory activity against p38 mitogen activated protein kinases (mapks), phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase (pi3k) and rho kinase (rock) are being investigated as novel therapeutics in copd. concerns exist, however, about off-t ... | 2016 | 27680884 |
| risk factors to predict drug-resistant pathogens in hemodialysis-associated pneumonia. | after the concept of healthcare associated pneumonia (hcap) was introduced in 2005 by the american thoracic society/infectious disease society of america (ats/idsa), pneumonia in hemodialysis patients has been classified as hcap. even though there are several risk factors and scoring systems of drug-resistant pathogens (drps) in hcap, the risk factors for drps in hemodialysis-associated pneumonia are unclear. | 2016 | 27502599 |
| epidemiology of community-acquired pneumonia and implications for vaccination of children living in developing and newly industrialized countries: a systematic literature review. | this systematic review evaluated the epidemiology of community-acquired pneumonia in children <6 y of age within 90 developing and newly industrialized countries. literature searches (1990-2011), based on medline, embase, cochrane, cab global health, who, unicef, country-specific websites, conferences, health-technology-assessment agencies, and the reference lists of included studies, yielded 8,734 records; 62 of 340 studies were included in this review. the highest incidence rate among included ... | 2016 | 27269963 |
| results from the solithromycin international surveillance program (2014). | solithromycin, a fourth-generation macrolide (a fluoroketolide with enhanced activity against macrolide-resistant bacteria due to interaction with three ribosomal sites) and the first fluoroketolide, was tested against a 2014 collection of 6,115 isolates, including streptococcus pneumoniae (1,713 isolates), haemophilus influenzae (1,308), moraxella catarrhalis (577), staphylococcus aureus (1,024), and beta-hemolytic streptococci (1,493), by reference broth microdilution methods. the geographic s ... | 2016 | 27044551 |
| disease burden of 32 infectious diseases in the netherlands, 2007-2011. | infectious disease burden estimates provided by a composite health measure give a balanced view of the true impact of a disease on a population, allowing the relative impact of diseases that differ in severity and mortality to be monitored over time. this article presents the first national disease burden estimates for a comprehensive set of 32 infectious diseases in the netherlands. | 2016 | 27097024 |
| a pilot study of quantitative loop-mediated isothermal amplification-guided target therapies for hospital-acquired pneumonia. | it is important to achieve the definitive pathogen identification in hospital-acquired pneumonia (hap), but the traditional culture results always delay the target antibiotic therapy. we assessed the method called quantitative loop-mediated isothermal amplification (qlamp) as a new implement for steering of the antibiotic decision-making in hap. | 2016 | 26830989 |
| comprehensive molecular testing for respiratory pathogens in community-acquired pneumonia. | the frequent lack of a microbiological diagnosis in community-acquired pneumonia (cap) impairs pathogen-directed antimicrobial therapy. this study assessed the use of comprehensive multibacterial, multiviral molecular testing, including quantification, in adults hospitalized with cap. | 2016 | 26747825 |
| rationale and prospects of targeting bacterial two-component systems for antibacterial treatment of cystic fibrosis patients. | bacterial respiratory infections are the main reason of morbidity and mortality among cystic fibrosis (cf) patients. in early childhood, the respiratory infections are due to staphylococcus aureus and haemophilus influenzae. in older cf patients, pathogenic gram-negative bacteria like achromobacter xylosoxidans, burkholderia cepacia complex and especially pseudomonas aeruginosa are more frequently seen. p. aeruginosa is a turning point in the respiratory disease in cf and its predominance increa ... | 2016 | 26853320 |
| changing epidemiology of the respiratory bacteriology of patients with cystic fibrosis. | monitoring potential changes in the epidemiology of cystic fibrosis (cf) pathogens furthers our understanding of the potential impact of interventions. | 2016 | 26203598 |
| molecular characterization and combined genotype association study of bovine cluster of differentiation 14 gene with clinical mastitis in crossbred dairy cattle. | the present study was undertaken with the objectives to characterize and to analyze combined genotypes of cluster of differentiation 14 (cd14) gene to explore its association with clinical mastitis in karan fries (kf) cows maintained in the national dairy research institute herd, karnal. | 2016 | 27536026 |
| what criteria do decision makers in thailand use to set priorities for vaccine introduction? | there is a need to identify rational criteria and set priorities for vaccines. in thailand, many licensed vaccines are being considering for introduction into the expanded program on immunization; thus, the government has to make decisions about which vaccines should be adopted. this study aimed to set priorities for new vaccines and to facilitate decision analysis. | 2016 | 27484123 |
| why might regional vaccinology networks fail? the case of the dutch-nordic consortium. | we analyzed an attempt to develop and clinically test a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for the developing world, undertaken by public health institutions from the netherlands, sweden, denmark, norway and finland: the dutch nordic consortium (dnc), between 1990 and 2000. our review shows that the premature termination of the project was due less to technological and scientific challenges and more to managerial challenges and institutional policies. various impeding events, financial and manageria ... | 2016 | 27388678 |
| [bacterial pathogenic characteristics of respiratory tract infection in children in suzhou, china: an analysis of 14,994 cases]. | to investigate the bacterial pathogenic characteristics of respiratory tract infection in children. | 2016 | 26781412 |
| antibacterial properties of tebipenem pivoxil tablet, a new oral carbapenem preparation against a variety of pathogenic bacteria in vitro and in vivo. | to systemically investigate the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial properties of tebipenem pivoxil tablet. in addition, acute toxicity of this preparation was also studied. | 2016 | 26751436 |
| introduction of pentavalent vaccine in indonesia: a policy analysis. | the introduction of pentavalent vaccine containing haemophilus influenzae type b antigen in indonesia's national immunization program occurred nearly three decades after the vaccine was first available in the united states and 16 years after indonesia added hepatitis b vaccine into the program. in this study, we analyzed the process that led to the decision to introduce pentavalent vaccine in indonesia. using process tracing and case comparison, we used qualitative data gathered through intervie ... | 2016 | 27107293 |
| in vitro activity of oral antimicrobial agents against pathogens associated with community-acquired upper respiratory tract and urinary tract infections: a five country surveillance study. | bacterial infections that cause community-acquired urinary tract infections (ca-uti) and upper respiratory tract infections (ca-urti) are most frequently treated empirically. however, an increase in antimicrobial resistance has become a problem when treating outpatients. | 2016 | 27287766 |
| evidence of the presence of nucleic acids and β-glucan in the matrix of non-typeable haemophilus influenzae in vitro biofilms. | non-typeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) is a gram-negative bacterium that frequently colonizes the human nasopharynx; it is a common cause of chronic and recurrent otitis media in children and of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. to date, no exopolysaccharide clearly contributing to nthi biofilms has been identified. consequently, there is some debate as to whether nthi forms biofilms during colonization and infection. the present work shows that nthi can form biofilms i ... | 2016 | 27805043 |
| outer membrane protein 100 of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans act as a biopharmaceutical target for photodynamic therapy: an in silico analysis. | periodontitis is a polymicrobial, chronic, and degenerative disease that can lead to destruction of the teeth-supporting tissues and eventually to loss of teeth. aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is predominantly associated with periodontal diseases. outer membrane protein (omp) 100 is a more important virulence factor of a. actinomycetemcomitans due to the effect of adhesion and invasion into human gingival epithelial cells. attachment of a. actinomycetemcomitans inhibition is significant i ... | 2016 | 27697516 |
| moraxella catarrhalis might be more common than expected in acute otitis media in young finnish children. | according to studies based on bacterial cultures of middle ear fluids, streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis have been the most common pathogens in acute otitis media. however, bacterial culture can be affected by reduced viability or suboptimal growth of bacteria. pcr detects bacterial dna from samples with greater sensitivity than culture. in the present study, we analyzed the middle ear pathogens with both conventional culture and semiquantitative real-ti ... | 2016 | 27413187 |
| the microbiome of otitis media with effusion. | the adenoid pad has been considered a reservoir for bacteria in the pathogenesis of otitis media with effusion. this study aimed to characterize the middle ear microbiota in children with otitis media with effusion and establish whether a correlation exists between the middle ear and adenoid microbiota. | 2016 | 27335217 |
| iceapl1, an integrative conjugative element related to icehin1056, identified in the pig pathogen actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. | iceapl1 was identified in the whole genome sequence of midg2331, a tetracycline-resistant (mic = 8 mg/l) serovar 8 clinical isolate of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, the causative agent of porcine pleuropneumonia. pcr amplification of virb4, one of the core genes involved in conjugation, was used to identify other a. pleuropneumoniae isolates potentially carrying iceapl1. mics for tetracycline were determined for virb4 positive isolates, and shotgun whole genome sequence analysis was used to c ... | 2016 | 27379024 |
| immunogenicity and safety of 10-valent pneumococcal non-typeable haemophilus influenzae protein d conjugate vaccine (phid-cv) administered to children with sickle cell disease between 8 weeks and 2 years of age: a phase iii, open, controlled study. | immunogenicity, safety and reactogenicity of the 10-valent pneumococcal non-typeable haemophilus influenzae protein d conjugate vaccine (phid-cv) were evaluated in children with sickle cell disease (scd), who are at increased risk for infections. | 2016 | 28030521 |
| aetiology and risk factors of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized patients in norway. | in norway, data on the aetiology of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) in hospitalized patients are limited. the aims of this study were to investigate the bacterial aetiology of cap in hospitalized patients in norway, risk factors for cap and possible differences in risk factors between patients with legionnaire's disease and pneumonia because of other causes. | 2016 | 25764275 |
| aetiology of childhood pneumonia in a well vaccinated south african birth cohort: a nested case-control study of the drakenstein child health study. | pneumonia is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in children globally. the cause of pneumonia after introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (pcv13) has not been well studied in low-income and middle-income countries, and most data are from cross-sectional studies of children admitted to hospital. we aimed to longitudinally investigate the incidence and causes of childhood pneumonia in a south african birth cohort. | 2016 | 27117547 |
| [toward a new immunization schedule in spain, 2016 (part 2)]. | immunization schedules are intrinsically dynamic in order to embed the immunologic and epidemiologic changes in any specific geographic region. according to this, the current study addresses a proposal to modify the childhood immunization schedule in spain. in order to move from a three plus one schema to a two plus one, we undertake a review of the available literature to explore the immunological and clinical rationale behind this change, including an overview of the potential impact on this s ... | 2016 | 26960345 |
| [toward a new immunization schedule in spain, 2016 (part 1)]. | the immunization schedule is a dynamic public health tool that has incorporated different changes over the years influenced by the epidemiologic situation and the scientific evidence. the immunization advisory committee [ponencia de programa y registro de vacunaciones], as the interterritorial council scientific and technical advisory body, carries out assessments of different programmes and vaccines and proposes changes that after approval will be introduced in the regions schedule. this articl ... | 2016 | 26960253 |
| comparison of the immunogenicity and safety of pentavalent vaccine quinvaxem in a compact prefilled auto-disabled (cpad) injection system versus single-dose vials in healthy infants: a phase 3, open-label, randomized, parallel-group, non-inferiority study. | to evaluate non-inferiority of three doses of quinvaxem in a compact prefilled auto-disabled (cpad) injection system versus quinvaxem in a single-dose vial administered with conventional syringe in terms of seroconversion/seroprotection rates for all antibodies (anti-hepatitis b (hb), anti-haemophilus influenzae type b polyribosylribitol phosphate (hib prp), anti-diphtheria, anti-tetanus, anti-bordetella pertussis) at 1 month after primary vaccination. | 2016 | 26923083 |
| the modified gingyo-san, a chinese herbal medicine, has direct antibacterial effects against respiratory pathogens. | modified gingyo-san (mgs) is empirically used to treat various respiratory infections. mgs has been reported to have antiinflammatory and antiviral activities; however, it is not known if it has an antibacterial activity. therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the antimicrobial activity of mgs against respiratory pathogens. | 2016 | 27842538 |
| microbial colonization and lung function in adolescents with cystic fibrosis. | with intensified antibiotic therapy and longer survival, patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) are colonized with a more complex pattern of bacteria and fungi. however, the clinical relevance of these emerging pathogens for lung function remains poorly defined. the aim of this study was to assess the association of bacterial and fungal colonization patterns with lung function in adolescent patients with cf. microbial colonization patterns and lung function parameters were assessed in 770 adolescent ... | 2016 | 26856310 |
| haemophilus influenzae p4 interacts with extracellular matrix proteins promoting adhesion and serum resistance. | interaction with the extracellular matrix (ecm) is one of the successful colonization strategies employed by nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi). here we identified haemophilus lipoprotein e (p4) as a receptor for ecm proteins. purified recombinant p4 displayed a high binding affinity for laminin (kd = 9.26 nm) and fibronectin (kd = 10.19 nm), but slightly less to vitronectin (kd = 16.51 nm). a p4-deficient nthi mutant showed a significantly decreased binding to these ecm components. vitro ... | 2016 | 26153407 |
| distinctive binding of avibactam to penicillin-binding proteins of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. | avibactam is a novel non-β-lactam β-lactamase inhibitor that covalently acylates a variety of β-lactamases, causing inhibition. although avibactam presents limited antibacterial activity, its acylation ability toward bacterial penicillin-binding proteins (pbps) was investigated. staphylococcus aureus was of particular interest due to the reported β-lactamase activity of pbp4. the binding of avibactam to pbps was measured by adding increasing concentrations to membrane preparations of a variety o ... | 2016 | 26574008 |
| identification and characterization of novel small molecule inhibitors of the acetyltransferase activity of escherichia coli n-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate-uridyltransferase/glucosamine-1-phosphate-acetyltransferase (glmu). | this study aims at identifying novel chemical scaffolds as inhibitors specific to the acetyltransferase domain of a bifunctional enzyme, escherichia coli glmu, involved in the cell wall biosynthesis of gram-negative organisms. a two-pronged approach was used to screen a 50,000 small-molecule library. using the first approach, the library was in silico screened by docking the library against acetyltransferase domain of e. coli glmu studies. in the second approach, complete library was screened ag ... | 2016 | 26563552 |
| comparative genomic analysis of haemophilus haemolyticus and nontypeable haemophilus influenzae and a new testing scheme for their discrimination. | haemophilus haemolyticus has been recently discovered to have the potential to cause invasive disease. it is closely related to nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nt h. influenzae). nt h. influenzae and h. haemolyticus are often misidentified because none of the existing tests targeting the known phenotypes of h. haemolyticus are able to specifically identify h. haemolyticus through comparative genomic analysis of h. haemolyticus and nt h. influenzae, we identified genes unique to h. haemolytic ... | 2016 | 27707939 |
| duplex quantitative pcr assay for detection of haemophilus influenzae that distinguishes fucose- and protein d-negative strains. | we have developed a specific haemophilus influenzae quantitative pcr (qpcr) that also identifies fucose-negative and protein d-negative strains. analysis of 100 h. influenzae isolates, 28 haemophilus haemolyticus isolates, and 14 other bacterial species revealed 100% sensitivity (95% confidence interval [ci], 96% to 100%) and 100% specificity (95% ci, 92% to 100%) for this assay. the evaluation of 80 clinical specimens demonstrated a strong correlation between semiquantitative culture and the qp ... | 2016 | 27335148 |
| haemophilus haemolyticus interaction with host cells is different to nontypeable haemophilus influenzae and prevents nthi association with epithelial cells. | nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) is an opportunistic pathogen that resides in the upper respiratory tract and contributes to a significant burden of respiratory related diseases in children and adults. haemophilus haemolyticus is a respiratory tract commensal that can be misidentified as nthi due to high levels of genetic relatedness. there are reports of invasive disease from h. haemolyticus, which further blurs the species boundary with nthi. to investigate differences in pathogenicit ... | 2016 | 27242968 |
| identification of haemophilus haemolyticus in clinical samples and characterization of their mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance. | the objectives of this study were to establish the frequency of haemophilus haemolyticus in clinical samples, to determine the antimicrobial resistance rate and to identify the mechanisms of resistance to β-lactams and quinolones. | 2016 | 26472767 |
| bacterial outer membrane vesicle biogenesis: a new mechanism and its implications. | outer membrane vesicle (omv) release by gram-negative bacteria has been observed and studied for decades. first considered as a by-product of cell lysis, it soon became evident that omvs are actively secreted from the outer membrane (om) of gram-negative bacteria. accordingly, these small particles (~ 10-300 nm in diameter) consist mainly of om components like phospholipids (pls), om proteins, and lipopolysaccharides or lipooligosaccharides. however, omvs may also comprise periplasmic, inner mem ... | 2016 | 28357362 |
| [postoperative pulmonary disease associated with haemophilus influenzae and neisseria meningitidis in a diabetic child]. | haemophilus influenzae is a saprophyte that colonizes the nasopharynx in nearly two thirds of children and adults. neisseria meningitidis is a strict human bacterium which lives in the nasopharynx. it can cause benign nasopharyngitis or asymptomatic colonization. we report the case of a diabetic child with postoperative pneumonia associated with haemophilus influenzae and neisseria meningitidis. a 3-year old diabetic patient admitted to the department of cardiac surgery due to delayed surgical t ... | 2016 | 28292047 |
| haemophilus influenzae type a as a cause of paediatric septic arthritis. | incidence rates of invasive haemophilus influenzae serotype b disease have decreased significantly since the introduction of the hib vaccine; however, the rates in indigenous populations remain disproportionately high, specifically in the paediatric population. additionally, with the decline of type b invasive infections, there has been a rebound in the incidence of invasive infections caused by other strains of h. influenzae, particularly serotype a. | 2016 | 28348786 |
| recommended immunization schedule for children and adolescents: immunization guideline (8th edition) released by the korean pediatric society in 2015. | this report includes the recommended immunization schedule table for children and adolescents based on the 8th (2015) and revised 7th (2012) immunization guidelines released by the committee on infectious diseases of the korean pediatric society (kps). notable revised recommendations include: reorganization of the immunization table with a list of vaccines on the vertical axis and the corresponding age on the horizontal axis; reflecting the inclusion of haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine, pne ... | 2016 | 28194210 |
| laboratory characterization of invasive haemophilus influenzae isolates from nunavut, canada, 2000-2012. | background with invasive haemophilus influenzae serotype b (hib) disease controlled by vaccination with conjugate hib vaccines, there is concern that invasive disease due to non-serotype b strains may emerge. objective this study characterized invasive h. influenzae (hi) isolates from nunavut, canada, in the post-hib vaccine era. methods invasive h. influenzae isolates were identified by conventional methods at local hospitals; and further characterized at the provincial and federal public healt ... | 2016 | 28156415 |
| evaluation of introduction of the haemophilus influenzae vaccine in côte d’ivoire | introduction: côte d’ivoire introduced the haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine into the epi in march 2009. following this introduction, an evaluation was conducted in 2012 in order to evaluate the vaccine introduction process. methods: data collection methods consisted of document review, structured interviews and direct observation. this study collected information from six health region officials, 12 health districts and 36 healthcare institutions. seventy-two mothers or child carers were al ... | 2016 | 28155742 |
| differences in innate immune response gene regulation in the middle ear of children who are otitis prone and in those not otitis prone. | acute otitis media (aom) causes an inflammatory response in the middle ear. we assessed differences in innate immune responses involved in bacterial defense at onset of aom in children who were stringently defined as otitis prone (sop) and children not otitis prone (nop). | 2016 | 28124644 |
| evaluation of the immunogenic property of nt h. influenzae protein d with neisseria meningitidis omv in balb/c. | identifying ideal non typeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) vaccine candidates has not been easy due to extensive sequence and antigenic variation among gene products interacting with the immune system. protein d (pd) is a highly conserved 42 kda surface lipoprotein available in all h. influenzae, including nthi. | 2016 | 28036315 |
| use of a booster dose of capsular group c meningococcal glycoconjugate vaccine to demonstrate immunologic memory in children primed with one or two vaccine doses in infancy. | use of a polysaccharide vaccine challenge to demonstrate immunologic memory after priming with capsular group c meningococcal conjugate vaccines (mencc) risks induction of immunologic hyporesponsiveness. for this reason, mencc vaccines are now used as probes of immunologic memory, however, no studies have demonstrated their ability to distinguish primed from unprimed children. | 2016 | 28029540 |
| an investigation of the frequency of upper respiratory tract infection pathogens and their antibiotic patterns in tonsils and adenoids of adenotonsillectomy patients. | we aimed to investigate the potentially pathogenic bacteria of upper respiratory tract infections (urtis) and their susceptibilities to different antibiotics. | 2016 | 28164610 |
| immunization with protein d from non-typeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) induced cytokine responses and bioactive antibody production. | outer membrane protein d (pd) is a highly conserved and stable protein in the outer membrane of both encapsulated (typeable) and non-capsulated (non-typeable) strains of haemophilus influenzae. as an immunogen, pd is a potential candidate vaccine against non-typeable h. influenzae (nthi) strains. | 2016 | 27942362 |
| fluoroquinolone consumption and -resistance trends in mycobacterium tuberculosis and other respiratory pathogens: ecological antibiotic pressure and consequences in pakistan, 2009-2015. | fluoroquinolones (fqs) are important anti-tuberculous drugs for the treatment of multidrug-resistant (mdr) tuberculosis. resistance to fqs leads to fewer options for treatment of tuberculosis (tb), and infection with such strains may also require longer treatment duration. trends of resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) are indicators of mtb-resistance evolution. drivers of such resistance need to be understood and studied to inform preventive strategies. | 2016 | 27931682 |
| invasive bacterial infections in gambians with sickle cell anemia in an era of widespread pneumococcal and hemophilus influenzae type b vaccination. | there is relatively little data on the etiology of bacterial infections in patients with sickle cell anemia (sca) in west africa, and no data from countries that have implemented conjugate vaccines against both streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae type b (hib).we conducted a retrospective analysis of sca patients admitted to the medical research council unit, the gambia, during a 5-year period when there was high coverage of hib and pneumococcal conjugate vaccination. we evaluated ... | 2016 | 27930540 |
| solithromycin: a novel fluoroketolide for the treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia. | solithromycin is a novel fluoroketolide developed in both oral and intravenous formulations to address increasing macrolide resistance in pathogens causing community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (cabp). when compared with its macrolide and ketolide predecessors, solithromycin has several structural modifications which increase its ribosomal binding and reduce its propensity to known macrolide resistance mechanisms. solithromycin, like telithromycin, affects 50s ribosomal subunit formation and fu ... | 2016 | 27909995 |
| cost-effectiveness analysis of routine pneumococcal vaccination in the uk: a comparison of the phid-cv vaccine and the pcv-13 vaccine using a markov model. | in 2010, the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (pcv-13) replaced the 7-valent vaccine (introduced in 2006) for vaccination against invasive pneumococcal diseases (ipds), pneumonia and acute otitis media (aom) in the uk. using recent evidence on the impact of pcvs and epidemiological changes in the uk, we performed a cost-effectiveness analysis (cea) to compare the pneumococcal non-typeable haemophilus influenzae protein d conjugate vaccine (phid-cv) with pcv-13 in the ongoing national vac ... | 2016 | 27903558 |
| non-typeable haemophilus influenzae biofilm production and severity in lower respiratory tract infections in a tertiary hospital in mexico. | non-typeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) is a common opportunistic bacterial pathogen that primarily infects the respiratory mucosa. this study was conducted to assess clinical and microbiological data related to disease severity in patients with lower respiratory tract infections caused by nthi in a tertiary care hospital in mexico. nthi isolates were subjected to serotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility evaluationand analyses of β-lactamase production, genetic relatednessand biofilm formatio ... | 2016 | 27902411 |
| relationships between mucosal antibodies, non-typeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) infection and airway inflammation in copd. | non-typeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) is a key pathogen in copd, being associated with airway inflammation and risk of exacerbation. why some patients are susceptible to colonisation is not understood. we hypothesised that this susceptibility may be due to a deficiency in mucosal humoral immunity. the aim of our study (nct01701869) was to quantify the amount and specificity of antibodies against nthi in the lungs and the associated risk of infection and inflammation in health and copd. phle ... | 2016 | 27898728 |
| community-acquired bacterial meningitis. | meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges and subarachnoid space that can also involve the brain cortex and parenchyma. it can be acquired spontaneously in the community - community-acquired bacterial meningitis - or in the hospital as a complication of invasive procedures or head trauma (nosocomial bacterial meningitis). despite advances in treatment and vaccinations, community-acquired bacterial meningitis remains one of the most important infectious diseases worldwide. streptococcus pneum ... | 2016 | 27808261 |
| reducing time to identification of aerobic bacteria and fastidious micro-organisms in positive blood cultures. | rapid and early identification of micro-organisms in blood has a key role in the diagnosis of a febrile patient, in particular, in guiding the clinician to define the correct antibiotic therapy. this study presents a simple and very fast method with high performances for identifying bacteria by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) after only 4 h of incubation. we used early bacterial growth on polyvitex chocolate agar plates inoculated with ... | 2016 | 27730643 |