Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| cytotoxicities and anti-herpes simplex virus activities of diterpenes isolated from euphorbia species. | the cytotoxicities of nine diterpene polyesters obtained from euphorbia species were assayed by measuring their effects on the growth of vero cells. their antiviral effects on the multiplication of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) were studied by using the virus yield reduction method in cell cultures. with the exception of the strongly cytotoxic 2alpha,5alpha,14beta-triacetoxy-3beta-benzoyloxy-8alpha,15beta-dihydroxy-7beta-isobutanoyloxy-9alpha-nicotinoyloxyjatropha-6(17),11e-diene (cc(50) 3 ... | 2001 | 11582549 |
| multiple herpetic whitlow lesions in a 4-year-old girl: case report and review of the literature. | herpetic whitlow is a herpes simplex virus type 1 or 2 infection of the fingers characterised by erythema and painful, non-purulent vesicles. in children it typically occurs after auto-inoculation from herpes stomatitis, herpes labialis or genitalis. occasionally, person-to-person transmission occurs from family members with herpes labialis. we report a 4-year-old girl with multiple herpetic whitlows secondary to herpetic stomatitis and present a review of the medical literature based on a syste ... | 2001 | 11585074 |
| synthesis and antiviral activity of novel 5-(1-cyanamido-2-haloethyl) and 5-(1-hydroxy(or methoxy)-2-azidoethyl) analogues of uracil nucleosides. | a new class of 5-(1-cyanamido-2-haloethyl)-2'-deoxyuridines (4-6) and arabinouridines (7, 8) were synthesized by the regiospecific addition of halogenocyanamides (x-nhcn) to the 5-vinyl substituent of the respective 5-vinyl-2'-deoxyuridine (2) and 2'-arabinouridine (3). reaction of 2 with sodium azide, ceric ammonium nitrate, and acetonitrile-methanol or water afforded the 5-(1-hydroxy-2-azidoethyl)-(10) and 5-(1-methoxy-2-azidoethyl)-2'-deoxyuridines (11). in vitro antiviral activities against ... | 2001 | 11585457 |
| rising incidence and prevalence of herpes simplex type 2 infection in a cohort of 26 year old new zealanders. | to examine changes in the incidence and prevalence of herpes simplex type 2 (hsv-2) infection in a birth cohort of 26 year old new zealanders in whom seroprevalence had been measured at 3.4% at age 21. | 2001 | 11588282 |
| prevalence of herpes simplex type 2 and syphilis serology among young adults in a rural gambian community. | to estimate prevalence and risk factors for herpes simplex 2 (hsv2) positivity, syphilis and chlamydia trachomatis infection among rural people aged 15-34 in the gambia. | 2001 | 11588283 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 modulates the susceptibility of human bladder cells to uropathogenic bacteria. | the present study analyses the susceptibility of human bladder-derived cells (ht-1376) to the infection by herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) and chlamydia trachomatis, as well as to the adhesiveness of uropathogenic bacteria. ht-1376 cells were efficiently infected by hsv-2 strain 333, as demonstrated by immunofluorescence staining of viral antigens, titration of cytopathic effect, and visualisation by transmission electron microscopy. this cell model was also prone to c. trachomatis (serovar ... | 2001 | 11599790 |
| clearance of infection with mycobacterium bovis bcg in mice is enhanced by treatment with s28463 (r-848), and its efficiency depends on expression of wild-type nramp1 (resistance allele). | the mouse bcg host resistance gene is known to control the activation of host macrophages for killing of intracellular parasites like leishmania donovani as well as intracellular bacteria, including mycobacterium bovis bcg and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. the nramp1 gene has been mapped to this locus and affects the efficiency of macrophage activation. it has been shown that imidazoquinoline compounds, including s28463, are able to improve the clearance of a number of intracellular p ... | 2001 | 11600356 |
| preclinical safety testing of disc-hgmcsf to support phase i clinical trials in cancer patients. | disc-hgmcsf is a gh-deleted hsv-2 based vector expressing human gm-csf that is being developed for cancer immunotherapy. to support first clinical use, a range of preclinical safety studies were performed using disc-hgmcsf in addition to disc-murine-gmcsf and the backbone vector, ta-hsv. | 2001 | 11601759 |
| comparison of different forms of herpes simplex replication-defective mutant viruses as vaccines in a mouse model of hsv-2 genital infection. | some subunit vaccines composed of herpes simplex virus (hsv) glycoproteins have been shown to protect guinea pigs against primary and recurrent genital infection by hsv-2. however, these vaccines were ineffective or only marginally effective in clinical trials. to attempt to define an animal model that would better discriminate the protective capacity of different vaccine formulations, we have examined the requirements for vaccine-induced protection against hsv-2 infection and disease in a mouse ... | 2001 | 11601897 |
| cellulose acetate phthalate, a common pharmaceutical excipient, inactivates hiv-1 and blocks the coreceptor binding site on the virus envelope glycoprotein gp120. | cellulose acetate phthalate (cap), a pharmaceutical excipient used for enteric film coating of capsules and tablets, was shown to inhibit infection by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) and several herpesviruses. cap formulations inactivated hiv-1, herpesvirus types 1 (hsv-1) and 2 (hsv-2) and the major nonviral sexually transmitted disease (std) pathogens and were effective in animal models for vaginal infection by hsv-2 and simian immunodeficiency virus. | 2001 | 11602021 |
| temporal regulation of herpes simplex virus type 2 vp22 expression and phosphorylation. | the vp22 protein of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is a major component of the virion tegument. previous work with hsv-1 indicated that vp22 is phosphorylated during infection, and phosphorylation may play a role in modulating vp22 localization in infected cells. it is not clear, however, when phosphorylation occurs in infected cells or how it is regulated. less is known about the synthesis and phosphorylation of hsv-2 vp22. to study the complete biosynthetic history of hsv-2 vp22, we gener ... | 2001 | 11602713 |
| structural features of nectin-2 (hveb) required for herpes simplex virus entry. | one step in the process of herpes simplex virus (hsv) entry into cells is the binding of viral glycoprotein d (gd) to a cellular receptor. human nectin-2 (also known as hveb and prr2), a member of the immunoglobulin (ig) superfamily, serves as a gd receptor for the entry of hsv-2, variant forms of hsv-1 that have amino acid substitutions at position 25 or 27 of gd (for example, hsv-1/rid), and porcine pseudorabies virus (prv). the gd binding region of nectin-2 is believed to be localized to the ... | 2001 | 11602758 |
| the us11 gene product of herpes simplex virus has intercellular trafficking activity. | the us11 gene product of herpes simplex virus is an abundant virion structural protein with rna-binding regulatory activity. its carboxyl-terminal half consists of tandem tripeptide repeats of the sequence rxp. we demonstrate that the us11 protein has intercellular trafficking activity and accumulates in the nucleolus when singly expressed in cultured cells, and that the rxp repeats are responsible for this activity. these same properties were also observed in cells expressing a fusion protein l ... | 2001 | 11676485 |
| structure-activity relationship of in vitro antiviral and cytotoxic activity of semisynthetic analogues of scopadulane diterpenes. | fourteen semisynthetic compounds derived from the natural scopadulane-type diterpenes thyrsiflorin a (4), b (5), and c (6), including several precursors, have been examined in vitro for their antiherpetic activity against herpes simplex virus type ii (hsv-2) and cytotoxicity against two human tumor cell lines. four of these compounds showed moderate antiherpetic activity, but none of them exhibited a significant cytotoxicity against the cell lines used. some structure-activity relationships have ... | 2001 | 11678658 |
| ecological and individual level analysis of risk factors for hiv infection in four urban populations in sub-saharan africa with different levels of hiv infection. | to identify factors that could explain differences in rate of spread of hiv between different regions in sub-saharan africa. | 2001 | 11686462 |
| male circumcision and hiv infection in four cities in sub-saharan africa. | to explore the role of male circumcision in the spread of hiv infection in four urban populations in sub-saharan africa. | 2001 | 11686463 |
| multicentre study on factors determining differences in rate of spread of hiv in sub-saharan africa: methods and prevalence of hiv infection. | the objective of this study was to explore whether the differences in rate of spread of hiv in different regions in sub-saharan africa could be explained by differences in sexual behaviour and/or factors influencing the probability of hiv transmission during sexual intercourse. | 2001 | 11686465 |
| why do young women have a much higher prevalence of hiv than young men? a study in kisumu, kenya and ndola, zambia. | to examine the factors responsible for the disparity in hiv prevalence between young men and women in two urban populations in africa with high hiv prevalence. | 2001 | 11686466 |
| the epidemiology of gonorrhoea, chlamydial infection and syphilis in four african cities. | to compare the epidemiology of gonorrhoea, chlamydial infection and syphilis in four cities in sub-saharan africa; two with a high prevalence of hiv infection (kisumu, kenya and ndola, zambia), and two with a relatively low hiv prevalence (cotonou, benin and yaoundé, cameroon). | 2001 | 11686469 |
| the epidemiology of trichomoniasis in women in four african cities. | to describe the epidemiology of trichomonas vaginalis infection and its association with hiv infection, in women in four african cities with different levels of hiv infection. | 2001 | 11686470 |
| the epidemiology of hsv-2 infection and its association with hiv infection in four urban african populations. | to estimate age- and sex-specific herpes simplex virus type-2 (hsv-2) prevalence in urban african adult populations and to identify factors associated with infection. | 2001 | 11686471 |
| maternal infections and subsequent psychosis among offspring. | we tested the hypothesis that maternal infections during pregnancy are associated with the subsequent development of schizophrenia and other psychoses in adulthood. | 2001 | 11695949 |
| is preeclampsia an infectious disease? | studies have suggested a strong paternal factor in the etiology of preeclampsia. if preeclampsia is caused by an infectious agent transmitted by the woman's partner, seronegative women who may experience primary infection in pregnancy should be at increased risk of preeclampsia as compared to previously infected women. the aim of this study was to assess the impact of being seronegative for some viruses transmitted by close contact on the risk of developing preeclampsia. | 2001 | 11703202 |
| fluorescent tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. a structure-antiviral activity study. | of a series of new guanine base modified tricyclic analogues of acyclovir (acv, 1) and ganciclovir (gcv, 2), derivatives of the 3,9-dihydro-9-oxo-5h-imidazo[1,2-a]purine system, evaluated for activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2, several fluorescent analogues, 6-(4-meoph)-tacv (8), 7-me-6-ph-tacv (17), 6-(4-meoph)-tgcv (27), and 7-me-6-ph-tgcv (28), were obtained that showed similar potency and selectivity as the parent compounds. the activity was found to be strongly dependent on ... | 2001 | 11708929 |
| [meningitis induced by herpes simplex virus type 2]. | 2001 | 11712271 | |
| possible iatrogenic transmission of creutzfeldt-jakob disease via tonometer tips: a review of the literature. | tonometer tips are used by optometrists to measure intraocular pressures. the recommended procedure of soaking in bleach solution kills bacteria and certain viruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus, herpes simplex virus-1 and herpes simplex virus-2, adenovirus 8, and hepatitis b, from the tip. conversely, recommendations made in literature to sterilize equipment that may have come in contact with virus-contaminated tissue from patients with creutzfeldt-jakob disease have a somewhat tougher ... | 2001 | 11712632 |
| sexual and demographic risk factors for herpes simplex type 1 and 2 in women attending an antenatal clinic. | to establish risk factors for the presence of hsv-2 and hsv-1 infections in pregnant women. design, population, and setting: a prospective study of 3306 women attending the antenatal department westmead hospital, sydney, between june 1995 and april 1998. | 2001 | 11714937 |
| recurrent myelitis associated with herpes simplex virus type 2. | 2001 | 11721130 | |
| laboratory diagnosis of common herpesvirus infections of the central nervous system by a multiplex pcr assay. | a sensitive multiplex pcr assay for single-tube amplification that detects simultaneous herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), varicella-zoster virus (vzv), human cytomegalovirus (cmv), and epstein-barr virus (ebv) is reported with particular emphasis on how the method was optimized and carried out and its sensitivity was compared to previously described assays. the assay has been used on a limited number of clinical samples and must be thoroughly evaluated in ... | 2001 | 11724856 |
| antiviral activity of an acidic polysaccharides fraction extracted from cedrela tubiflora leaves. | an acidic polysaccharides fraction (aps) obtained from cedrela tubiflora leaves was tested for antiviral activity. this fraction inhibited the replication of hsv-2 and vsv, while the replication of poliovirus was not affected. aps was not virucidal, but no cytotoxicity was present in the different concentrations of aps assayed. | 2001 | 11223219 |
| a growth and latency compromised herpes simplex virus type 2 mutant (icp10deltapk) has prophylactic and therapeutic protective activity in guinea pigs. | a growth compromised herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) mutant which is deleted in the pk domain of the large subunit of ribonucleotide reductase (icp10deltapk) protects from fatal hsv-2 challenge in the mouse model (aurelian l, kokuba h, smith cc. vaccine potential of a herpes simplex virus type 2 mutant deleted in the pk domain of the large subunit of ribonucleotide reductase (icp10). vaccine 1999;17:1951-1963). here we report the results of our studies with icp10deltapk in the guinea pig mod ... | 2001 | 11228357 |
| a rural hiv epidemic in zimbabwe? findings from a population-based survey. | the aim of the study was to use population-based data from 689 adults to describe the socio-demographic, behavioural and biomedical correlates of hiv infection and aid identification of effective hiv control strategies for rural zimbabwe. dried blood spot and urine samples were collected for hiv and sexually transmitted disease (std) testing and participants were interviewed on socio-demographic characteristics, sexual behaviour and experience of std symptoms. hiv seroprevalence was 23.3% and wa ... | 2001 | 11231873 |
| prevalence of kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus compared with selected sexually transmitted diseases in adolescents and young adults in rural rakai district, uganda. | kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is transmitted by routes such as homosexual intercourse and is associated with hiv infection in industrialized countries. however, there is little information about its transmission in developing countries where kaposi sarcoma is an endemic disease. | 2001 | 11234789 |
| use of a glycoprotein g-based type-specific assay to detect antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 2 among persons attending sexually transmitted disease clinics. | most genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infections are unrecognized, thus, strategies to reduce the sexual transmission of hsv-2 are partly dependent on serologic screening. | 2001 | 11234793 |
| daily or weekly therapy with resiquimod (r-848) reduces genital recurrences in herpes simplex virus-infected guinea pigs during and after treatment. | the effect of resiquimod (r-848), an immune-response modifier that is similar to imiquimod, on recurrent herpes simplex virus (hsv) was evaluated using the guinea pig model of genital herpes. guinea pigs were intravaginally infected with hsv-2 and then were randomized on day 14 to receive nothing or 0.1 ml/kg per dose of subcutaneous resiquimod, given either daily, every other day, or weekly from days 15-35. during a 3-week course of therapy, recurrences in all 3 treated groups were reduced by > ... | 2001 | 11237799 |
| cd8 ctl from genital herpes simplex lesions: recognition of viral tegument and immediate early proteins and lysis of infected cutaneous cells. | hsv-2 causes chronic infections. cd8 ctl may play several protective roles, and stimulation of a cd8 response is a rational element of vaccine design for this pathogen. the viral ags recognized by cd8 t cells are largely unknown. it has been hypothesized that hsv inhibition of tap may favor recognition of virion input proteins or viral immediate early proteins. we tested this prediction using hsv-specific cd8 ctl clones obtained from genital hsv-2 lesions. drug and replication block experiments ... | 2001 | 11238653 |
| [recent progress in epidemiologic research of uterine cancer]. | although the mortality and incidence of cervical cancer have been decreasing, those of uterine-body, or endometrial, cancer have been increasing. the proportion of endometrial cancer was reported to have become 33.6% of primary uterine cancers in 1995. infection with certain types of human papilloma virus (hpv) is considered to be etiologically important for the occurrence of cervical cancer. because hpv is sexually transmitted, some risk factors for cervical cancer are associated with certain k ... | 2001 | 11242642 |
| a comparison of oral and parenteral routes for therapeutic vaccination with hsv-2 iscoms in mice; cytokine profiles, antibody responses and protection. | it is likely that recurrent infections with hsv-2 (or hsv-1) are influenced by local levels of immunity at mucosal surfaces, when virus reactivated from the latent state is infecting mucosal epithelial cells. increasing the levels of cellular and humoral immunity through immunisation and maintaining such increased levels, may reduce establishment and spread of reactivated virus at the local site, thereby ameliorating recurrent disease symptoms. the use of hsv-2 antigens incorporated into immunos ... | 2001 | 11248361 |
| anti-herpesvirus activity of (1's,2'r)-9-[[1',2'-bis(hydroxymethyl)-cycloprop-1'-yl]methyl] x guanine (a-5021) in vitro and in vivo. | the novel nucleoside analog (1s',2r')-9-[[1',2'-bis(hydroxymethyl)cycloprop-1-yl]methyl]guanine (a-5021) was previously shown to be a potent inhibitor of the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) and varicella zoster virus (vzv), both in vitro and in vivo (j. med. chem. 41, 1284-1298; antimicrob. agents chemother. 42, 1666-1670). here we demonstrate that a-5021 is also a potent inhibitor of epstein-barr virus (ebv) and human herpes virus 6 (hhv-6a and hhv-6b), but th ... | 2001 | 11248363 |
| recurrent lumbosacral herpes simplex in the bedridden hospitalized patient. | a clinical variant of genital herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection, recurrent lumbosacral hsv, occurs in bedridden hospitalized patients. we want to call attention to an uncommon pattern of hsv infection in the hospitalized bedridden patient seen by the dermatology consultation service in a large university hospital. hsv is characterized by a mixture of recurrent groups of herpetic vesicles in all stages of development, with multiple, persistent hyperpigmented patches bilaterally distributed ove ... | 2001 | 11204597 |
| intranasal immunization with cpg oligodeoxynucleotides as an adjuvant dramatically increases iga and protection against herpes simplex virus-2 in the genital tract. | development of vaccines capable of preventing the transmission or limiting the severity of sexually transmitted viruses, such as hsv and hiv, will likely be dependent on the induction of potent long-lasting mucosal immune responses in the genital tract. recently, synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (odn) containing immunostimulatory cpg motifs were shown to serve as potent adjuvants for the induction of mucosal immune responses. here, we show that intranasal immunization with cpg odn, plus recombina ... | 2001 | 11207303 |
| comparison of four enzyme immunoassays with a western blot assay for the determination of type-specific antibodies to herpes simplex virus. | most current enzyme immunoassays (eias) differentiate inadequately between types 1 and 2 herpes simplex virus (hsv) antibodies since significant cross-reactivity exists. we compared 4 igg type-specific eias using a western blot assay for resolution of discrepant results. the diamedix had sensitivities of 100% for types 1 and 2 but specificities of only 71% and 61%, respectively. the cross-reactivity rate was 82% in positive samples tested. for hsv types 1 and 2, the zeus sensitivities were 92% a ... | 2001 | 11211617 |
| diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas of a large scrotal lesion in an aids patient. | in the setting of hiv infection, chronic genital ulcerations may be challenging both diagnostically and therapeutically. the differential diagnosis of these lesions is very broad, and the causes can be multifactorial. we present a case of a chronic, extensive, ulcerating scrotal mass and review the salient clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic considerations. | 2001 | 11215088 |
| oral transgene vaccination mediated by attenuated salmonellae is an effective method to prevent herpes simplex virus-2 induced disease in mice. | an attenuated strain of salmonella typhimurium has been used as a carrier for oral genetic immunization. the eukaryotic expression vector pcmv containing the gene of the glycoprotein d (gd) of the herpes simplex virus 2 was used to transform salmonellae. the oral immunization with the transformed salmonellae elicited a strong cellular immune response in both, the mucosal and systemic compartments (spleen, ileal lymph nodes and peyer patches). the immune response mainly consisted in a dramatic ac ... | 2001 | 11166903 |
| reduction of recurrent hsv disease using imiquimod alone or combined with a glycoprotein vaccine. | the aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of an immune modulator, imiquimod, given alone or in combination with an hsv vaccine on hsv immune responses and as immunotherapy of a genital recurrence model. after recovery from primary genital hsv infection, animals were randomized to placebo, 21 days of imiquimod plus a placebo vaccine, or 21 days of imiquimod plus an hsv-2 glycoprotein vaccine. placebo or hsv vaccine was given in the footpad on days 16 and 37 after hsv-2 genital inoculation. ... | 2001 | 11166907 |
| prevalence and risk factors for herpes simplex virus type 2 infection among adolescents and adults in northern cameroon. | a number of surveys have reported a high prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection in south central and east central africa. | 2001 | 11725223 |
| evaluation of a near-patient test and 2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based assays for detecting anti-herpes simplex virus type-2 antibodies. | several type-specific serologic assays for herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2), based on glycoprotein g1 (gg1) and gg2, have recently been developed. these include immunodot (pockit hsv-2) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the diagnostic value of pockit hsv-2, a near-patient test, and of 2 immunoenzymatic, type-specific assays was evaluated on 122 patients attending an std clinic. western blot was used as the reference test. the sensitivity of pockit hsv-2 was goo ... | 2001 | 11728057 |
| human herpesvirus-8 and other viral infections, papua new guinea. | we studied residents of remote villages and the capital (port moresby) of papua new guinea to determine the distribution of human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8) infection. our data suggest that hhv-8 has been endemic on the island for a long time and that the epidemiologic pattern of hhv-8 is more similar to that of herpes simplex virus-2 than hepatitis c virus. | 2001 | 11747707 |
| absence of rapid selection for acyclovir or penciclovir resistance following suboptimal oral prodrug therapy of hsv-infected mice. | acyclovir (acv) resistant herpes simplex virus (hsv) isolates can be readily selected in animal infection models receiving suboptimal acv treatment, however no comparative studies of the emergence of resistance following suboptimal treatment with valacyclovir (vcv) or famciclovir (fcv), the prodrugs of acyclovir and penciclovir, respectively, have been reported. | 2001 | 11749671 |
| synthesis and antiviral assays of some benzimidazole nucleosides and acyclonucleosides. | some benzimidazole nucleosides and acyclonucleosides were synthesized and tested in vitro as antiviral agents. none of them showed significant activity. replacement of the benzenesulphonyl group at n-1 with the ribofuranosyl moiety or with the acyclovir side-chain was deleterious. | 2001 | 11765032 |
| the us2 gene product of herpes simplex virus type 2 interacts with cytokeratin 18. | in order to clarify the biological role of us2 gene product of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), a hela cdna library was screened in the yeast two-hybrid system using us2 protein as bait, and several interacting proteins were identified, including cytokeratin 18. us2 protein was co-immunoprecipitated with cytokeratin 18 from hsv-2 infected cell lysates. analysis of infected ora431 cells by immunofluorescence showed that us2 protein gave filamentous or dot-like cytoplasmic staining pattern, an ... | 2001 | 11765921 |
| inhibition of apoptosis by primary isolates of herpes simplex virus. | hsv-1 inhibits apoptosis of the infected cell, presumably to increase viral yield. weaker anti-apoptotic activity was previously reported in laboratory-adapted hsv-2, but not in two low-passage clinical hsv-2 isolates, suggesting that the anti-apoptotic effect might result from adaptation to laboratory growth. we therefore assembled a large panel of clinical strains of hsv-1 and hsv-2. clinical and laboratory strains of hsv-1 strongly inhibited apoptosis of jurkat cells, as determined by morphol ... | 2001 | 11765923 |
| effect of long-term, low-dose acyclovir suppressive therapy on susceptibility to acyclovir and frequency of acyclovir resistance of herpes simplex virus type 2. | we have examined the susceptibility to acyclovir and frequency of acyclovir-resistant viruses in herpes simplex virus type (hsv) 2 clones isolated directly from genital lesions of 11 patients who had taken suppressive therapy (200 mg/day) for 1-9 years and 15 patients naive to acyclovir. suppressive therapy significantly reduced the incidence of recurrence and the severity of the skin lesions. hsv samples from genital lesions were directly inoculated into vero cells, and viral clones were isolat ... | 2001 | 11771732 |
| mechanisms of replication of alpha- and betaherpesviruses and their pathogenesis. | the diseases caused by herpes simplex virus (hsv) and human cytomegalovirus (cmv) differ and distinct differences in biological properties of these viruses can be noticed at laboratory work. despite of this, the structure of dna and the replication cycle of both viruses shows remarkably common features. analogous proteins encoded by both viruses, act at initiation of viral dna transcription, at viral dna synthesis, at nucleocapsid formation and envelopment. on other hand, considerable difference ... | 2001 | 11901707 |
| antiepiligrin (laminin 5) cicatricial pemphigoid complicated and exacerbated by herpes simplex virus type 2 infection. | a 50-year-old man with antiepiligrin (laminin 5) cicatricial pemphigoid (aecp) involving the eyes, mouth and skin required a combination of systemic drug therapies to suppress the ocular disease. herpes simplex virus type 2 infection of the mouth and pharynx precipitated an acute deterioration, with laryngeal involvement and an increase in oral ulceration. this is an unusual complication of long-term immunosuppression and illustrates some of the difficulties in the management of patients with ae ... | 2001 | 11903160 |
| cervical intraepithelial dysplasia (cin 3) and history of herpes genitalis (hsv2) in women living in attica, greece. | this article presents a study on women living in attica, greece (an area of 4.5 million inhabitants) who visited the outpatient clinics of two specialized hospitals for a follow-up for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin 3). a random sample of 170 women with cin 3 and a control group of 195 women coming from the general population were interviewed. a semi-structured designed questionnaire was used as an instrument for data collection. the aim of the study was to search for a possible correla ... | 2001 | 11887339 |
| [reactivation of herpesvirus 2 genital infection in seropositive asymptomatic subjects]. | 2001 | 11908158 | |
| antiviral, cytotoxic and apoptotic activities of picolinic acid on human immunodeficiency virus-1 and human herpes simplex virus-2 infected cells. | the antiviral, cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of picolinic acid against human immunodeficiency virus-1 (hiv-1) and human herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2) infected cells were evaluated in cultured cells using in vitro assays. picolinic acid was tested at several concentrations (from 0.15 to 3 mm) against one input dilution of the viruses to determine if the agent had any antiviral activity against hiv-1 or hsv-2. the results showed that picolinic acid at 1.5 mm (185 ug/ml) and 3 mm (369 ug/ml) was ... | 2001 | 11911246 |
| protective vaccination against genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection in mice is associated with a rapid induction of local ifn-gamma-dependent rantes production following a vaginal viral challenge. | to investigate the production of the cc chemokines rantes. mcp-1, and mlp-1alpha in the vaginal mucosa following hsv-2 challenge in vaccinated and unvaccinated mice. | 2001 | 11775012 |
| clinical uses of herpes simplex virus type-specific serology. | type-specific serological tests to distinguish between infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) have largely been used for studies which have contributed to our knowledge of the epidemiology and natural history of these infections. such tests could be used as diagnostic tools in clinical situations provided that clinician and patient are aware of the test characteristics, which may result in false negative and false positive results. the use of s ... | 2001 | 11779367 |
| a probable case of herpes simplex encephalitis despite negative pcr findings. | a 54-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital suffering from fever and personality changes. laboratory examination of her cerebrospinal fluid (csf) showed 270 mononuclear cells, 30 polynuclear cells and a clinically low number of erythrocytes/mm3. empirical clinical findings from this case suggested treatment with acyclovir. magnetic resonance imaging (mri) showed bilateral temporal hyperintense signals in t2-weighted images. pcr with specific primer for herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) an ... | 2001 | 11787843 |
| diffusion imaging in pediatric central nervous system infections. | our purpose was to investigate the role of diffusion imaging (di) in central nervous system (cns) infections in pediatric patients. it was anticipated that di would be more sensitive than conventional mri in the detection of the infarctive complications of infection, and possibly, in the detection of the infectious process as well. seventeen pediatric patients, eight having meningitis,, five with herpes encephalitis, three with brain abscess or cerebritis and one with sepsis, were evaluated at 1 ... | 2001 | 11792040 |
| differentiation of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in sera of patients with hsv central nervous system infections by type-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | to differentiate by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using type-specific glycoprotein g herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 and type 2 in serum collected from patients with hsv central nervous system (cns)infections. | 2001 | 11798261 |
| effective inhibition of herpes simplex virus 1 gene expression and growth by engineered rnase p ribozyme. | using an in vitro selection procedure, we have previously isolated ribonuclease p (rnase p) ribozyme variants that efficiently cleave an mrna sequence in vitro. in this study, an m1gs rna variant was used to target the mrna encoding human herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) major transcription activator icp4. the variant is about 15 times more efficient in cleaving the icp4 mrna sequence in vitro than the ribozyme derived from the wild type rnase p ribozyme. moreover, the variant is also more effecti ... | 2001 | 11812839 |
| use of type-specific hsv serology in the management of a 37-year-old woman diagnosed with primary genital herpes. | a 37-year-old woman attended a genitourinary medicine clinic in london, uk, concerned about the reliability of a culture-based diagnosis of genital herpes that she had received while abroad. she was in a longterm monogamous relationship with a partner who recalled no history of genital herpes. she was unsure as to how she had acquired genital herpes and wished to know whether she was newly infected. typespecific serological testing indicated a true primary herpes simplextype-2 (hsv-2) infection. ... | 2001 | 11867009 |
| the role of hsv in the transmission and progression of hiv. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) is a common co-infection in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1). chronic perianal ulceration from herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) was one of the first opportunisitc infections identified among patients with aids. subsequent research has established that the natural history of hsv-2 is altered in co-infected persons as they experience more frequent clinical and subclinical reactivation of hsv than persons infected only with hsv-2. in ad ... | 2001 | 11867018 |
| molecular basis of the interactions between herpes simplex viruses and hiv-1. | herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and -2) are two of the major opportunistic agents involved in the pathogenesis of aids, which is caused by human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (hiv-1 and hiv-2). a body of evidence suggests that they can also act as co-factors by interacting with hiv-1, thereby influencing disease progression. indeed, the hiv-1 life cycle can be affected by hsv at different levels of interaction, both in vitro and in vivo: (i) transactivation of the hiv-1 long ter ... | 2001 | 11867019 |
| immunobiology of herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections. | 2001 | 11867026 | |
| [clinical utility of susceptibility testing of herpes simplex virus to acyclovir]. | in vitro susceptibility to acyclovir of 96 strains of herpes simplex virus isolated from 80 immunocompromised patients attended in our hospital was studied by the cytopathic effect reduction assay. ninety-eight percent (61/62) of herpes simplex virus 1 strains and 91% (31/34) of herpes simplex virus 2 strains were inhibited by acyclovir concentrations lower than 3 mg/l. in 5% of the patients herpes simplex strains resistant to acyclovir (id(50) >3 mg/l) were isolated. ninety-eight percent of the ... | 2001 | 11856981 |
| stromal keratitis and anterior uveitis due to herpes simplex virus-2 in a young child. | an uncommon case of stromal keratitis and anterior uveitis due to herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is reported. | 2001 | 11754904 |
| [herpes simplex virus and malignancies of female genital organs]. | primary herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections of female genital tract usually end with remission, while the virus remains in the organism--almost in the sacral ganglion in a latent form, protected from humoral and cellular immunity. stress induces the virus and the result is recurrent genital infection. frequent exacerbations damage some parts of vital cellular structures without cytolysis, but stimulate malignant transformations. | 2001 | 11876004 |
| in vitro activity of polyhydroxycarboxylates against herpesviruses and hiv. | the antiviral activity of 17 polyhydroxycarboxylates derived from phenolic compounds was evaluated against herpesviruses and hiv. when present during virus adsorption several of the polymers exhibited potent activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), hsv-2, thymidine kinase deficient hsv-1, human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) and hiv-1 and hiv-2 at concentrations that were not toxic to the host cells. a close correlation was found between the 50% inhibitory concentrations of the polyhydroxyc ... | 2001 | 12018678 |
| early shutoff of host protein synthesis in cells infected with herpes simplex viruses. | herpes simplex viruses 1 (hsv-1) and 2 (hsv-2) are capable of suppressing the host cell protein synthesis even without viral gene expression. this phenomenon is known as the early shutoff or as the virion-associated host shutoff (vhs) to emphasize that it is mediated by a component of infecting virions which is a product of the ul41 (vhs) gene. the ul41 encoded protein is a functional tegument protein also present in light (l) particles and is not essential for virus replication. the major produ ... | 2001 | 12083325 |
| [treatment of genital herpes]. | 2001 | 12116718 | |
| cytotoxic and antiviral activities of colombian medicinal plant extracts of the euphorbia genus. | forty-seven plant extracts of 10 species of the genus euphorbia (euphorbiaceae) used by colombian traditional healers for the treatment of ulcers, cancers, tumors, warts, and other diseases, were tested in vitro for their potential antitumour (antiproliferative and cytotoxic) and antiherpetic activity. to evaluate the capacity of the extracts to inhibit the lytic activity of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) and the reduction of viability of infected or uninfected cell cultures, the end-point ... | 2002 | 12118288 |
| herpes simplex virus infection. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections are among the infections most frequently encountered by humans. two types of hsv infections have been identified-hsv-1, which usually causes orolabial disease, and hsv-2, which is associated more frequently with genital and newborn infections. usually, hsv causes mild and self-limited disease of the mouth and lips or at genital sites. however, on occasion, the disease can be life-threatening. such is the case with neonatal hsv infection and hsv infections of ... | 2002 | 12118847 |
| herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2. | an increased understanding of the pathogenesis and transmission of hsv infections and the development of sensitive type-specific diagnostic tests have helped develop effective prophylactic and therapeutic antiviral drug regimens. effective medications have been available for quite some time, but the most optimal regimens are still under investigation. advances in the treatment of atypical presentations of hsv infection (such as the use of cidofovir gel for the treatment of acyclovir-resistant hs ... | 2002 | 12120439 |
| hiv epidemics in africa: what explains the variations in hiv prevalence? | there are large differences in the prevalence of hiv infection between different regions in sub-saharan africa, ranging from less than 10% in pregnant women in most of west africa, to over 25% in pregnant women in large cities in eastern and southern africa. these differences in hiv prevalence are in many instances due to differences in rate of spread of the virus. the multicenter study on factors determining the differential spread of hiv in four african cities tried to identify factors that co ... | 2002 | 12120993 |
| alkoxyalkyl esters of cidofovir and cyclic cidofovir exhibit multiple-log enhancement of antiviral activity against cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus replication in vitro. | the incidence of cytomegalovirus (cmv) retinitis is declining in aids patients but remains a significant clinical problem in patients with organ transplants and bone marrow transplants. prophylaxis with ganciclovir (gcv) or valganciclovir reduces the incidence of cmv disease but may lead to the emergence of drug-resistant virus with mutations in the ul97 or ul54 gene. it would be useful to have other types of oral therapy for cmv disease. we synthesized hexadecyloxypropyl and octadecyloxyethyl d ... | 2002 | 12121908 |
| [genital herpes: epidemiology, transmission, clinic, asymptomatic viral excretion, impact on other sexually transmitted diseases, prevention, and treatment]. | genital herpes is one of the most widespread sexually transmitted diseases in the world. hsv2 predominates (60-80 p. 100), but the prevalence of hsv1 genital herpes is rising (20-40 p. 100). erosive lesions of the genital organs due to hsv infection are a factor favoring hiv contamination and other sexually transmitted diseases. the main factor of transmission is asymptomatic viral excretion. aciclovir, valaciclovir and famciclovir are effective treatment for genital herpes (primary infection, c ... | 2002 | 12122319 |
| [orofacial herpes and other localizations (genital herpes and neonatal herpes excluded)]. | herpes is a pandemic infection in the human species. the purpose of this work was to conduct a critical analysis of the literature devoted to the pathophysiology and treatment of orofacial herpes an other localizations (genital herpes and neonatal herpes excluded). | 2002 | 12122320 |
| [signification and limitations of virology diagnostic tools in herpes facialis, herpes genitalis, herpes gestationis and in neonates at risk]. | cutaneomucous herpes is frequent in humans. laboratory confirmation of clinical diagnosis is important, as there are atypical presentations in genital herpes. | 2002 | 12122321 |
| [cutaneomucosal herpes in immunocompetent pregnant women]. | genital herpes is a common sexually transmitted disease. in pregnant women, the risk of fetal contamination is high, particularly during the per and peripartum period. certain prevention strategies have been changed with the advent of new antiviral agents and treatment protocols at the end of pregnancy remain to be evaluated. based on a review of the literature, we discuss a few of these different questions raised at the french consensus conference on the management of cutaneomucosal herpes in i ... | 2002 | 12122322 |
| [mother-infant and indirect transmission of hsv infection: treatment and prevention]. | neonatal herpes is a serious condition. the objectives of this critical review of the literature are to: 1) define the modes of mother-infant and indirect transmission of hsv infection; 2) determine current treatments and perspectives for the future. | 2002 | 12122323 |
| [national survey of dermatologists]. | the purpose of this survey was to ascertain current management practices of french dermatologists treating immunocompetent patients with cutaneomucosal herpes (ocular herpes excluded) as a prelude to the french consensus conference on this topic. | 2002 | 12122324 |
| [national survey of gynecologists-obstetricians and general practitioners]. | the purpose of this survey was to ascertain current practices of french gynecologists-obstetricians (go) and general practitioners (gp) treating immunocompetent patients with cutaneomucosal herpes (ocular lesions excluded) as a prelude to the french consensus conference on this topic. | 2002 | 12122325 |
| [natural history of hsv1 and hsv2 transmission modes and epidemiology consequences of hsv infection on hiv infection. prevention]. | both herpes simplex viruses hsv1 and hsv2 are transmitted by direct mucosal or cutaneo-mucosal contact between individuals. hsv1 is the leading cause of orofacial herpes and hsv2 the most frequently encountered cause of genital herpes. there are however a number of environmental and behavioral factors that modify the epidemiological pattern in both infections. these factors also affect virus dynamics and spread. in developing countries, hsv1 infections continues to be acquired in early childhood ... | 2002 | 12122326 |
| [natural history of hsv1 and hsv2 infection. asymptomatic viral excretion. mother-infant transmission. indirect transmission]. | recurrent asymptomatic viral shedding accounts for most of the oral, sexual and neonatal transmissions of herpes simplex infections (hsv). in immunocompetent individuals asymptomatic shedding, as determined by culture, occurs during 2-8p.100 of days, and more for persons with hiv infection or if measured by pcr. antiviral therapy dramatically decrease but does not eliminate asymptomatic shedding. the main risk of hsv transmission to the neonate is during vaginal delivery from infected asymptomat ... | 2002 | 12122327 |
| [genital herpes in immunocompetent men and non-pregnant women clinical aspects, accuracy of clinical examination, evolution]. | use of new specific herpes serology tests permits to better study the natural history of herpes infection and define primary infection, primary manifestation, and recurrence the important points to consider are the clinical manifestations of genital herpes | 2002 | 12122328 |
| [non-genital herpes simplex virus infections in adults. clinical aspects, accuracy of clinical signs and evolution]. | 2002 | 12122329 | |
| [management of mucocutaneous herpes simplex virus infections in immunocompetent patients: signification and limits of antigen detection culture methods and antibody detection]. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections are very common and may present various manifestations. mostly asymptomatic, often mild, these infections may become life-threatening, specially in neonates. the acute and rapid diagnosis of hsv infections can prevent infections in these patients and is also helpful to confirm clinical diagnosis. the sensitivity of "classical" diagnosis methods, such as culture and antigen detection by immunofluorescence and elisa, is highly dependent on the quality of the s ... | 2002 | 12122331 |
| [antiviral and non-antiviral general treatments for oro-facial and genital herpes (pregnancy and neonates excluded)]. | general treatments for immunocompetent individuals with herpes simplex infections are based on the use of antiviral agents which constitute the only treatment with proven efficacy. antivirals were developed in the 1980s with aciclovir (acv) as the leading compound and have greatly changed management. however, once the virus has penetrated the organism, it cannot be eradicated, neither by the immune system nor by antiviral agents. this viral resistance is basically related to its capacity to main ... | 2002 | 12122333 |
| [local treatments using antiviral and non-antiviral drugs for herpes facialis and genitalis (excluding pregnant females and neonates at risk)]. | 2002 | 12122334 | |
| [antiviral and non-antiviral local and general treatments for herpes in the pregnant woman (including prevention of mother-infant transmission): alternative propositions]. | herpes may be manifest during pregnancy as a primary infection, as a recurrent infection, or as asymptomatic excretion. genital herpes can cause neonatal contamination with rare but very serious consequences for the child if specific treatment is not given rapidly. the gravity of neonatal herpes warrants prophylactic measures including cesarean section if the risk is high. cesarean section must be considered as a prophylactic measure and by consequence may be performed in some cases when not abs ... | 2002 | 12122336 |
| [modalities of treatment local and general, medicamentous or not, controlling neonate suspected to be infected/contaminated by hsv1 or hsv2]. | neonatal herpes infection is secondary to pre/perinatal viral contamination from mother by hsv2 (70 p. 100) or hsv1 (30 p. 100). incidence in french population is closed to 3/100,000 live births corresponding to 20 cases per year. risk for maternal viral transmission to the neonate is 30 p. 100 with genital herpetic primo infection and 3 p. 100 in recurrence. however, in 70 p. 100 of cases, maternal history is not contributive. three main clinical presentations are described however atypical sym ... | 2002 | 12122337 |
| [perspectives for the treatment and prevention of herpes simplex infections]. | 2002 | 12122338 | |
| proportion of herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 and type 2 among genital and extragenital hsv isolates. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) has been associated with orofacial infections and hsv type 2 (hsv-2) with genital infections. this tropism of the virus seems to have changed and in clinical reports an increasing number of genital herpes infections caused by hsv-1 have been recognized. the aim of this study was to estimate the proportion of hsv-1 and hsv-2, respectively, among isolates from different anatomical sites typed in our laboratory during the years 1994-1998. out of a total of 3,085 ... | 2002 | 12125939 |
| seroprevalence of antibodies to herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 among two sexually active female populations in middlesbrough, england. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection occurs worldwide but its epidemiology varies between different countries and between groups of individuals. seroprevalence of hsv-1 and hsv-2 antibodies is a more accurate method of determining epidemiology of this infection. in this cross-sectional study, 467 blood samples were obtained from women attending the genitourinary medicine clinic (gum) and antenatal clinic (anc) in middlesbrough, england. analysis of their blood samples showed that 69.5% gum patie ... | 2002 | 12134761 |
| acyclovir treatment of primary herpes in pregnancy complicated by second trimester preterm premature rupture of membranes with term delivery: case report. | primary genital herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection in pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of vertical transmission to the fetus, especially with rupture of membranes. two cases of primary herpes and two cases of recurrent herpes in pregnancy with preterm premature rupture of membranes and expectant management have been reported, all delivering preterm. we report a case of primary maternal genital hsv infection with preterm premature rupture of membranes at 24 weeks' gestation who su ... | 2002 | 12152140 |
| intranasal herpes simplex virus type 2 inoculation causes a profound thymidine kinase dependent cerebral inflammatory response in the mouse hindbrain. | the herpes simplex virus (hsv) has the ability to replicate in the central nervous system (cns), which may cause fatal encephalitis. the present study investigated the activity of the nuclear factor kappa b (nf-kappa b) and the pattern of cytokine/chemokine gene expression across the brain of hsv-infected mice and the role of the viral thymidine kinase (tk) in mediating these effects. mice were killed 1-8 days after intranasal inoculation with either hsv-2 tk-competent or tk-deficient clinical i ... | 2002 | 12153529 |