Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| isolation and nucleotide sequence of a cdna clone encoding the bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cm17 protein. | 2007 | 1932681 | |
| occurrence of "mammalian" lignans in plant and water sources. | enterolignans, also called "mammalian" lignans because they are formed in the intestine of mammals after ingestion of plant lignans, were identified for the first time in extracts of four tree species, i.e., in knot heartwood of the hardwood species fagus sylvatica and in knot or stem heartwood of the softwood species araucaria angustifolia, picea smithiana, and abies cilicia. they were also identified for the first time in grain extracts of cultivated plants, i.e., in 15 cereal species, in 3 nu ... | 2007 | 17497165 |
| difference in glycohistochemical lectin staining of collagen fibers in the corpora cavernosa of normal and impotent men. | the objectives of this study were to investigate the value of glycohistochemical staining with three lectin types specific to a particular glycan structure (arachis hypogaea [pna], triticum vulgare [wga], and concanavalin a [con a]) as a method of defining possible changes in the collagen structure in the corpora cavernosa in potent and impotent men. the study group consisted of 4 normal potent men and 22 men with various etiologies of impotence. the quantitative histochemical measurements were ... | 2007 | 8792209 |
| a rhizosphere fungus enhances arabidopsis thermotolerance through production of an hsp90 inhibitor. | the molecular chaperone heat shock protein90 (hsp90) is essential for the maturation of key regulatory proteins in eukaryotes and for the response to temperature stress. earlier, we have reported that fungi living in association with plants of the sonoran desert produce small molecule inhibitors of mammalian hsp90. here, we address whether elaboration of the hsp90 inhibitor monocillin i (mon) by the rhizosphere fungus paraphaeosphaeria quadriseptata affects plant hsp90 and plant environmental re ... | 2007 | 17631526 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of crmdr1, a novel mdr-type abc transporter gene from catharanthus roseus. | a novel gene encoding a mdr-like abc transporter protein was cloned from catharanthus roseus, a medicinal plant with more than 120 kinds of secondary metabolites, through rapid amplification of cdna ends (race). this gene (named as crmdr1; genbank accession no.: dq660356) had a total length of 4395 bp with an open reading frame of 3801 bp, and encoded a predicted polypeptide of 1266 amino acids with a molecular weight of 137.1 kda. the crmdr1 protein shared 59.8, 62.5, 60.0 and 58.2% identity wi ... | 2007 | 17541839 |
| the della domain of ga insensitive mediates the interaction with the ga insensitive dwarf1a gibberellin receptor of arabidopsis. | gibberellic acid (ga) promotes seed germination, elongation growth, and flowering time in plants. ga responses are repressed by della proteins, which contain an n-terminal della domain essential for ga-dependent proteasomal degradation of della repressors. mutations of or within the della domain of della repressors have been described for species including arabidopsis thaliana, wheat (triticum aestivum), maize (zea mays), and barley (hordeum vulgare), and we show that these mutations confer ga i ... | 2007 | 17416730 |
| analysis of remote asymmetric somatic hybrids between common wheat and arabidopsis thaliana. | callus-derived protoplasts of common wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. hesheng 3) irradiated with ultraviolet light were fused by using the peg method with cell suspension-derived protoplasts of arabidopsis thaliana. regenerated calli and green plants resembling that of wheat were obtained. the hybrid nature of putative calli and plants were confirmed by isozyme, random amplified polymorphic dna and genomic in situ hybridization (gish) analyses. gish results indicated that 1 approximately 3 small ... | 2007 | 17406873 |
| an unusual posttranscriptional processing in two betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase loci of cereal crops directed by short, direct repeats in response to stress conditions. | various abilities to synthesize and accumulate glycine betaine (gb) are crucial for angiosperms to develop salt and drought tolerances. in higher plants, gb is synthesized by a two-step oxidation of choline via an intermediate form of betaine aldehyde, and catalyzed by choline monooxygenase and betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (badh). in this study, numerous truncated and/or recombinant transcripts of two badh homologs resulting from an unusual posttranscriptional processing were detected in rice ... | 2007 | 17337526 |
| plant gene and alternatively spliced variant annotator. a plant genome annotation pipeline for rice gene and alternatively spliced variant identification with cross-species expressed sequence tag conservation from seven plant species. | the completion of the rice (oryza sativa) genome draft has brought unprecedented opportunities for genomic studies of the world's most important food crop. previous rice gene annotations have relied mainly on ab initio methods, which usually yield a high rate of false-positive predictions and give only limited information regarding alternative splicing in rice genes. comparative approaches based on expressed sequence tags (ests) can compensate for the drawbacks of ab initio methods because they ... | 2007 | 17220363 |
| arabidopsis-rice-wheat gene orthologues for na+ transport and transcript analysis in wheat-l. elongatum aneuploids under salt stress. | lophopyrum elongatum is a wild relative of wheat that provides a source of novel genes for improvement of the salt tolerance of bread wheat. improved na(+) 'exclusion' is associated with salt tolerance in a wheat-l. elongatum amphiploid, in which a large proportion (ca. 50%) of the improved regulation of leaf na(+) concentrations is controlled by chromosome 3e. in this study, genes that might control na(+) accumulation, such as for transporters responsible for na(+) entry (hkt1) and exit (sos1) ... | 2007 | 17103227 |
| non-destructive diffraction enhanced imaging of seeds. | techniques that make possible the non-destructive continuous observation of plant anatomy and developmental processes provide novel insights into these phenomena. non-destructive imaging of seeds was demonstrated using the synchrotron-based x-ray imaging technique, diffraction enhanced imaging (dei). the seed images obtained had good contrast and definition, allowing anatomical structures and physiological events to be observed. structures such as hypocotyl-root axes, cotyledons, seed coats, air ... | 2007 | 17595197 |
| gender-specific selection on codon usage in plant genomes. | currently, there is little data available regarding the role of gender-specific gene expression on synonymous codon usage (translational selection) in most organisms, and particularly plants. using gender-specific est libraries (with > 4000 ests) from zea mays and triticum aestivum, we assessed whether gender-specific gene expression per se and gender-specific gene expression level are associated with selection on codon usage. | 2007 | 17567911 |
| carboxylate composition of root exudates does not relate consistently to a crop species' ability to use phosphorus from aluminium, iron or calcium phosphate sources. | * the relationship between carboxylate release from roots and the ability of the species to utilize phosphorus from sparingly soluble forms was studied by comparing triticum aestivum, brassica napus, cicer arietinum, pisum sativum, lupinus albus, lupinus angustifolius and lupinus cosentinii. * plants were grown in sand and supplied with 40 mg p kg(-1) in the sparingly soluble forms alpo(4), fepo(4) or ca(5)oh(po(4))(3), or as soluble kh(2)po(4); control plants received no p. * the ability to uti ... | 2007 | 17176404 |
| a mathematical model on the effect of m. denticulata weed on different winter crops. | many weeds interfere with the productivity of wheat and other winter annual crops; however, one common weed medicago denticulata, appears to have a beneficial effect. an experiment was conducted at agricultural experimental farm of the indian statistical institute, giridih, jharkhand to observe the effect of m. denticulata (a legume) on different crops yield of barley (hordeum vulgare sensu lato), linseed (linum usitatissimum l.), indian mustard [brassica juncea (l.) czernj. & cosson] and wheat ... | 2007 | 17602829 |
| complete chloroplast genome sequences of hordeum vulgare, sorghum bicolor and agrostis stolonifera, and comparative analyses with other grass genomes. | comparisons of complete chloroplast genome sequences of hordeum vulgare, sorghum bicolor and agrostis stolonifera to six published grass chloroplast genomes reveal that gene content and order are similar but two microstructural changes have occurred. first, the expansion of the ir at the ssc/ira boundary that duplicates a portion of the 5' end of ndhh is restricted to the three genera of the subfamily pooideae (agrostis, hordeum and triticum). second, a 6 bp deletion in ndhk is shared by agrosti ... | 2007 | 17534593 |
| physiological and biochemical responses of resistant and susceptible wheat to injury by russian wheat aphid. | we examined the physiological and biochemical responses of resistant ('halt' and 'prairie red') and susceptible ('tam 107') wheat, triticum aestivum l., to injury by the russian wheat aphid, diuraphis noxia (mordvilko). photosynthetic capacity was evaluated by measuring assimilation/internal co2 (a/ci) curves, chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophyll, and nonstructural carbohydrate content. total protein and peroxidase specific activity also were determined. no significant differences were detected ... | 2007 | 17972650 |
| variation to cause host injury between russian wheat aphid (homoptera: aphididae) clones virulent to dn4 wheat. | biotypes are infraspecific classifications based on biological rather than morphological characteristics. cereal aphids are managed primarily by host plant resistance, and they often develop biotypes that injure or kill previously resistant plants. although molecular genetic variation within aphid biotypes has been well documented, little is known about phenotypic variation, especially virulence or the biotype's ability to cause injury to cultivars with specific resistance genes. five clones (si ... | 2007 | 17972649 |
| distribution and diversity of russian wheat aphid (hemiptera: aphididae) biotypes in north america. | wheat, triticum aestivum l., with russian wheat aphid, diuraphis noxia (kurdjumov) (hemiptera: aphididae) resistance based on the dn4 gene has been important in managing russian wheat aphid since 1994. recently, five biotypes (rwa1-rwa5) of this aphid have been described based on their ability to differentially damage rwa resistance genes in wheat. rwa2, rwa4, and rwa5 are of great concern because they can kill wheat with dn4 resistance. in 2005, 365 russian wheat aphid clone colonies were made ... | 2007 | 17972648 |
| fractionated extracts of russian wheat aphid eliciting defense responses in wheat. | it is hypothesized that the interaction between aphids and plants follows a gene-for-gene model. the recent appearance of several new russian wheat aphid, diuraphis noxia (kurdjumov) (homoptera: aphididae), biotypes in the united states and the differential response of wheat, triticum aestivum l., genotypes containing different resistance genes also suggest a gene-for-gene interaction. however, aphid elicitors remain unknown. this study was conducted to identify fractionated russian wheat aphid ... | 2007 | 17598566 |
| genotyping of somatic hybrids between festuca arundinacea schreb. and triticum aestivum l. | in order to genotype hybrid genomes of distant asymmetric somatic hybrids, we synthesized hybrid calli and plants via peg-mediated protoplast fusion between recipient tall fescue (festuca. arundinacea schreb.) and donor wheat (triticum aestivum l.). seventeen and 25 putative hybrid clones were produced from the fusion combinations i and ii, each with the donor wheat protoplast treated by uv light for 30 s and 1 min, respectively. isozyme and rapd profiles confirmed that ten hybrid clones were ob ... | 2007 | 17594098 |
| a ground-based comparison of nutrient delivery technologies originally developed for growing plants in the spaceflight environment. | a ground-based comparison of plant nutrient delivery systems that have been developed for microgravity application was conducted for dwarf wheat (triticum aestivum l. 'yecora rojo') and rapid-cycling brassica (brassica rapa l. crgc#1-33) plants. these experiments offer insight into nutrient and oxygen delivery concerns for greenhouse crop production systems. the experiments were completed over a 12-day period to simulate a typical space shuttle-based spaceflight experiment. the plant materials, ... | 2007 | 17654790 |
| [effects of herbicide acetochlor on physiological mechanisms in wheat and biomarkers identification]. | changes of the activity of antioxidant enzymes including peroxidases (pod) and superoxide dismutases (sod) and the contents of chlorophyll (chl), malondialdehyde (mda), and soluble proteins (sp) in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) under the stress of acetochlor in soil were examined. the increased mda level detected in the leaves of wheat after 1 day exposure of acetochlor indicated the presence of poisoning aos. however, the difference of mda levels in leaves of different concentrations of acetochl ... | 2007 | 17639951 |
| study on powdery mildew resistance transfer from s. cereale l.cv. weiling rye into wheat. | weiling rye (s. cereale l.cv.), a chinese dwarf rye, confers high powdery mildew (erysiphe gramininis f.sp.tritici) in china. my8443, a wheat cultivars infecting seriously powdery mildew disease, was used as the female parent and weiling rye was used as the donor of powdery mildew resistance in the study. a new wheat-rye translocation line,named no.147,was developed from bc2f6 progenies of wheat cultivars my8443 and weiling rye to transfer the resistance from weiling rye to common wheat. the pow ... | 2007 | 17357447 |
| strobilurin fungicides induce changes in photosynthetic gas exchange that do not improve water use efficiency of plants grown under conditions of water stress. | the effects of five strobilurin (beta-methoxyacrylate) fungicides and one triazole fungicide on the physiological parameters of well-watered or water-stressed wheat (triticum aestivum l.), barley (hordeum vulgare l.) and soya (glycine max merr.) plants were compared. water use efficiency (wue) (the ratio of rate of transpiration, e, to net rate of photosynthesis, a(n)) of well-watered wheat plants was improved slightly by strobilurin fungicides, but was reduced in water-stressed plants, so there ... | 2007 | 17912684 |
| predicting the impact of changing co(2) on crop yields: some thoughts on food. | recent breakthroughs in co(2) fumigation methods using free-air co(2) enrichment (face) technology have prompted comparisons between face experiments and enclosure studies with respect to quantification of the effects of projected atmospheric co(2) concentrations on crop yields. on the basis of one such comparison, it was argued that model projections of future food supply (some of which are based on older enclosure data) may have significantly overestimated the positive effect of elevated co(2) ... | 2007 | 17688578 |
| domestication and crop physiology: roots of green-revolution wheat. | most plant scientists, in contrast to animal scientists, study only half the organism, namely above-ground stems, leaves, flowers and fruits, and neglect below-ground roots. yet all acknowledge roots are important for anchorage, water and nutrient uptake, and presumably components of yield. this paper investigates the relationship between domestication, and the root systems of landraces, and the parents of early, mid- and late green-revolution bread wheat cultivars. it compares the root system o ... | 2007 | 17940075 |
| influence of ultraviolet-c radiation on some growth parameters of mycorrhizal wheat plants. | uv-c radiation (220-280 nm) is known to causing damage in some physiological growth parameters such as chlorophyll, carotenoid, protein and sugar contents. in this study, effect of some species of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on tolerance of uv-c radiation in wheat plants was studied. wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. azar2) plants colonized by three species of mycorrhizae namely glomus etunicatum, glomus intraradices and glomus veruciforme were used in this study. they have been exposed ... | 2007 | 19086585 |
| carboxylate composition of root exudates does not relate consistently to a crop species' ability to use phosphorus from aluminium, iron or calcium phosphate sources. | • the relationship between carboxylate release from roots and the ability of the species to utilize phosphorus from sparingly soluble forms was studied by comparing triticum aestivum, brassica napus, cicer arietinum, pisum sativum, lupinus albus, lupinus angustifolius and lupinus cosentinii. • plants were grown in sand and supplied with 40 mg p kg-1 in the sparingly soluble forms alpo4 , fepo4 or ca5 oh(po4 )3 , or as soluble kh2 po4 ; control plants received no p. • the ability to utilize sp ... | 2007 | 28644531 |
| suppressive potential of bean (phaseolus vulgaris) flour against five species of stored-product mites (acari: acarididae). | previous research has demonstrated that legume proteins have insecticidal activity against stored-product pests, but activity against stored-product mites has not been tested. a study was therefore conducted to explore the potential of bean, phaseolus vulgaris l., flour as novel botanical acaricide against five species of storage and dust mites: acarus siro l., aleuroglyphus ovatus (troupeau), caloglyphus redickorzevi (zachvatkin), lepidoglyphus destructor (schrank), and tyrophagus putrescentiae ... | 2007 | 17461087 |
| effects of tillage on the activity density and biological diversity of carabid beetles in spring and winter crops. | the effects of tillage regimen (conventional [ct] and no-tillage [nt]) on the activity density and diversity of carabid beetles (coleoptera: carabidae) was studied by pitfall trapping within a rain-fed cropping system in northwestern idaho, 2000-2002. the cropping rotation consisted of a spring cereal (barley, hordeum vulgare l., in 2000 and 2001; and wheat, triticum aestivum l., in 2002), spring dry pea (pisum sativum l.) 2000-2002, and wheat (t. aestivum), spring in 2000 and 2001, and winter i ... | 2007 | 17445370 |
| plants at high altitude exhibit higher component of alternative respiration. | total respiration, capacities of cytochrome (cytr) and alternative respiration (ar) were studied in two varieties of barley (horedum vulgare) and wheat (triticum aestivum) each and one variety of pea (pisum sativum) at low (palampur; 1300 m) and high altitudes (kibber; 4200 m). similar studies were carried out in naturally growing rumex nepalensis and trifoilum repenses at palampur, palchan (2250 m) and marhi (3250 m). all the plants species exhibited lower cytr but significantly higher ar capac ... | 2007 | 16338027 |
| cadmium availability to wheat grain in soils treated with sewage sludge or metal salts. | grain cd concentrations were determined in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown in 1999, 2001 and 2003, at six sludge cake field experiments. three of these sites also had comparisons with cd availability from metal amended liquid sludge and metal salts. grain cd concentrations in all years and at all sites were significantly linearly correlated with nh4no3 extractable cd and soil total cd (p<0.001). soil extractability was greater in the liquid sludge and metal salt experiments than in the cake e ... | 2007 | 17109920 |
| novel dna variations to characterize low molecular weight glutenin glu-d3 genes and develop sts markers in common wheat. | low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (lmw-gs) play an important role in bread and noodle processing quality by influencing the viscoelasticity and extensibility of dough. the objectives of this study were to characterize glu-d3 subunit coding genes and to develop molecular markers for identifying glu-d3 gene haplotypes. gene specific primer sets were designed to amplify eight wheat cultivars containing glu-d3a, b, c, d and e alleles, defined traditionally by protein electrophoretic mobility. t ... | 2007 | 17106734 |
| organic acids enhance the uptake of lead by wheat roots. | the uptake and bioavailability of lead (pb) in soil-plant systems remain poorly understood. this study indicates that acetic and malic acids enhance the uptake of pb by wheat (triticum aestivum l.) roots under hydroponic conditions. the net concentration-dependent uptake influx of pb in the presence and absence of organic acids was characterized by michaelis-menten type nonsaturating kinetic curves that could be resolved into linear and saturable components. fitted maximum uptake rates (v (max)) ... | 2007 | 17106683 |
| the mechanical diversity of stomata and its significance in gas-exchange control. | given that stomatal movement is ultimately a mechanical process and that stomata are morphologically and mechanically diverse, we explored the influence of stomatal mechanical diversity on leaf gas exchange and considered some of the constraints. mechanical measurements were conducted on the guard cells of four different species exhibiting different stomatal morphologies, including three variants on the classical "kidney" form and one "dumb-bell" type; this information, together with gas-exchang ... | 2007 | 17114276 |
| glutathione reductase activity and isoforms in leaves and roots of wheat plants subjected to cadmium stress. | the behavior of glutathione reductase (gr, ec 1.6.4.2) activity and isoforms were analyzed in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) leaves and roots exposed to a chronic treatment with a toxic cadmium (cd) concentration. a significant growth inhibition (up to 55%) was found in leaves at 7, 14 and 21 days, whereas roots were affected (51%) only after three weeks. wheat plants grown in the presence of 100microm cd showed a time-dependent accumulation of this metal, with cd concentration being 10-fold highe ... | 2007 | 17174990 |
| most significant genome regions involved in the control of earliness traits in bread wheat, as revealed by qtl meta-analysis. | earliness is one of the most important adaptation traits in plant breeding. our purpose was to identify the genome regions of bread wheat involved in the control of earliness and its three components: photoperiod sensitivity (ps), vernalization requirement (vr) and intrinsic earliness (ie). a qtl meta-analysis was carried out to examine the replicability of qtl across 13 independent studies and to propose meta-qtl (mqtl). initial qtl were projected on a recent consensus map (2004). quality crite ... | 2007 | 17171391 |
| the effect of environment on endosperm cell-wall development in triticum aestivum during grain filling: an infrared spectroscopic imaging study. | one of the major factors contributing to the failure of new wheat varieties is seasonal variability in end-use quality. consequently, it is important to produce varieties which are robust and stable over a range of environmental conditions. recently developed sample preparation methods have allowed the application of ft-ir spectroscopic imaging methods to the analysis of wheat endosperm cell wall composition, allowing the spatial distribution of structural components to be determined without the ... | 2007 | 17151887 |
| improving rock phosphate availability through feeding, mixing and processing with composting manure. | the objective of this study was to improve the availability of phosphorus (p) from rock phosphate (rp) through feeding, mixing and composting manure. the experiment was conducted as a 3 x 2 split-plot design. manure was collected from 12 boran steers (200+/-4.5 kg live weight) fed a basal diet of napier grass (pennisetum purpureum) at 2.5% body weight on a dry matter (dm) basis. the main plot treatments were (i) manure from steers supplemented with 113 g busumbu rock phosphate (brp) per day (fbr ... | 2007 | 17150355 |
| drought-adaptive traits derived from wheat wild relatives and landraces. | exotic parents are being used to increase allelic diversity in bread wheat breeding through (i) interspecific hybridization of the ancestral genomes to produce so-called synthetic derived (syn-der) wheat, and (ii) crossing with landrace accessions, originating in abiotically stressed environments, that have become isolated from mainstream gene pools. evaluation of the inherent genetic diversity encompassed by drought-adapted landraces compared with checks using dna fingerprinting confirmed that ... | 2007 | 17185737 |
| the genetics of nitrogen use in hexaploid wheat: n utilisation, development and yield. | a genetic study is presented for traits relating to nitrogen use in wheat. quantitative trait loci (qtls) were established for 21 traits relating to growth, yield and leaf nitrogen (n) assimilation during grain fill in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) using a mapping population from the cross chinese spring x sq1. glutamine synthetase (gs) isozymes and estimated locations of 126 genes were placed on the genetic map. qtls for flag leaf gs activity, soluble protein, extract colour and fresh ... | 2007 | 17180378 |
| effects of paclobutrazol and salt stress on growth and ionic contents in two cultivars of wheat. | the effect ofpaclobutrazol (pbz) treatment on salinity tolerance of wheat (triticum aestivum), were investigated for two salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive cultivars. salinity with pbz treatment significantly reduced the plant height and length and area of sixth leaf in both cultivars. with increasing salinity, a gradually reduction was observed in roots length, fresh and dry weight of shoot and sixth leaf and relative water content of pbz-applied plants in both cultivars. the greatest reduction w ... | 2007 | 19069984 |
| chromosomal location of pm35, a novel aegilops tauschii derived powdery mildew resistance gene introgressed into common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | a single gene controlling powdery mildew resistance was identified in the north carolina germplasm line nc96bgtd3 (ncd3) using genetic analysis of f(2) derived lines from a ncd3 x saluda cross. microsatellite markers linked to this pm gene were identified and their most likely order was xcfd7, 10.3 cm, xgdm43, 8.6 cm, xcfd26, 11.9 cm, pm gene. these markers and the pm gene were assigned to chromosome 5dl by means of chinese spring nullitetrasomic (nulli5d-tetra5a) and ditelosomic (dt5dl) lines. ... | 2007 | 17356863 |
| evaluation of screening techniques for heat tolerance in wheat. | cell membrane thermal stability, antioxidant activity, phenolics content, paraquat tolerance and kernel weight were compared for their ability to identify heat tolerant genotypes. four wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genotypes, kauz, mtrwa116, opata and w7984 were used in this study, kauz and mtrwa116 being thermotolerant and thermosensitive, respectively. plants were exposed to high temperatures of 39 and 35 degrees c and then their measurements form different techniques were compared to each othe ... | 2007 | 19069883 |
| wheat genotypes show contrasting abilities to recover from anoxia in spite of similar anoxic carbohydrate metabolism. | physiological and metabolic responses to anoxia and reaeration were compared for 4-7-day-old seedlings of 11 genotypes of wheat (triticum aestivum) with reputed differences in waterlogging tolerance. genotypes differed in seminal root elongation, and recovery of root tissue k(+) concentration, during reaeration following 72 h anoxia. post-anoxic recovery ranged from complete (100% retention of seminal root elongation potential) to almost nil (death of all seminal root apices and inability to rec ... | 2007 | 17349715 |
| [the effect of intercultivar substitution of wheat triticum aestivum l. chromosomes on lipoxygenase activity and its correlation with the technological properties of flour]. | the effects of intercultivar substitution of individual chromosome pairs (except for 1b, 6d, and 7a) in the wheat cultivars saratovskaya 29 and janetzkis probat, differing in quality, on specific lipoxygenase activity, the grain yield per spike, and the main technological properties of flour and dough were studied. it was demonstrated that the substitution of individual chromosomes of the recipient cultivar saratovskaya 29 with the homologous chromosomes of the donor cultivar janetzkis probat ca ... | 2007 | 17345867 |
| probing the effects of light and temperature on diurnal rhythms of phytosiderophore release in wheat. | * the existing literature is ambiguous as to whether the diurnal pulse in phytosiderophore (ps) release in the poaceae is mediated by light or temperature, or both. * here, wheat (triticum aestivum cv. yecora rojo) seedlings were grown in fe-sufficient (pfe = 16.5) and fe-deficient (pfe = 17.8) chelator-buffered nutrient solutions. six different light/temperature regimes were tested over 8 d in paired growth chambers. * phytosiderophore release patterns under a square-wave light regime were simi ... | 2007 | 17335501 |
| vacuolar cysteine proteases of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) are common to leaf senescence induced by different factors. | cellular proteins are extensively degraded during leaf senescence, and this correlates with an up-regulation of protease gene expression, particularly cysteine proteases. the objectives of this work were (i) to detect cysteine proteases associated with senescence of wheat leaves under different conditions and (ii) to find out their subcellular location. activity labelling of cysteine proteases with the biotinylated inhibitor dcg-04 detected five bands at 27, 36, 39, 42, and 46 kda in leaves of w ... | 2007 | 17218544 |
| a decapeptide from durum wheat prevents celiac peripheral blood lymphocytes from activation by gliadin peptides. | identifying antagonist peptides able to inhibit the abnormal immune response triggered by gliadin peptides in celiac disease (cd) is an alternative therapeutic strategy for cd. the aim of this study was to evaluate the antagonist effect of 10mer, a decapeptide (sequence qqpqdavqpf) from alcohol-soluble protein fraction of durum wheat, assessing its ability to prevent celiac peripheral blood lymphocytes from activation by gliadin peptides. peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) were obtained f ... | 2007 | 17211143 |
| transcriptome analysis of senescence in the flag leaf of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the senescence process in wheat flag leaves was investigated over a time course from ear emergence until 50% yellowing of harvested leaf samples using an in-house fabricated cdna microarray based on a 9k wheat unigene set. the top 1000 ranked differentially expressed probes were subjected to a cluster analysis and, from these, we selected 140 up-regulated genes with informative annotations. there was a considerable overlap between this list of genes and genes previously observed to be associated ... | 2007 | 17207268 |
| sage of the developing wheat caryopsis. | understanding the development of the cereal caryopsis holds the future for metabolic engineering in the interests of enhancing global food production. we have developed a serial analysis of gene expression (sage) data platform to investigate the developing wheat (triticum aestivum) caryopsis. longsage libraries have been constructed at five time-points post-anthesis to coincide with key processes in caryopsis development. more than 90,000 longsage tags have been sequenced generating 29,261 uniqu ... | 2007 | 17207258 |
| localization of water-soluble carbohydrates in wheat stems using imaging matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry. | the pool of endogenous water-soluble oligosaccharides found in the stems of wheat (triticum aestivum) is being investigated as a potential indicator of grain yield. techniques such as liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (lc-ms) can profile these analytes but provide no spatial information regarding their distribution in the wheat stem. the imaging matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (maldi) mass spectrometry technique has not been utilized for the analysis of oligosaccharides in ... | 2007 | 17204089 |
| metal ion binding properties of triticum aestivum ec-1 metallothionein: evidence supporting two separate metal thiolate clusters. | 2007 | 27519017 | |
| the structure of eukaryotic translation initiation factor-4e from wheat reveals a novel disulfide bond. | eukaryotic translation initiation factor-4e (eif4e) recognizes and binds the m(7) guanosine nucleotide at the 5' end of eukaryotic messenger rnas; this protein-rna interaction is an essential step in the initiation of protein synthesis. the structure of eif4e from wheat (triticum aestivum) was investigated using a combination of x-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) methods. the overall fold of the crystallized protein was similar to eif4e from other species, with eight beta ... | 2007 | 17322339 |
| hkt1;5-like cation transporters linked to na+ exclusion loci in wheat, nax2 and kna1. | bread wheat (triticum aestivum) has a greater ability to exclude na+ from its leaves and is more salt tolerant than durum wheat (triticum turgidum l. subsp. durum [desf.]). a novel durum wheat, line 149, was found to contain a major gene for na+ exclusion, nax2, which removes na+ from the xylem in the roots and leads to a high k+-to-na+ ratio in the leaves. nax2 was mapped to the distal region on chromosome 5al based on linkage to microsatellite markers. the nax2 locus on 5al coincides with the ... | 2007 | 17322337 |
| structural-functional state of thylakoid membranes of wheat genotypes under water stress. | plants were grown in field conditions in the wide area under normal water supply and severe water deficit. two wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genotypes contrasting by architectonics and differing in drought-resistance were used: giymatli-2/17, short stature, with broad and drooping leaves, drought-sensitive, and azamatli-95, short stature, with vertically oriented small leaves, drought-tolerant). it was found out that giymatli-2/17 was characterized by relatively low content of chl a-protein of ps ... | 2007 | 17321491 |
| a worldwide bread wheat core collection arrayed in a 384-well plate. | bread wheat (triticum aestivum), one of the world's major crops, is genetically very diverse. in order to select a representative sample of the worldwide wheat diversity, 3,942 accessions originating from 73 countries were analysed with a set of 38 genomic simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers. the number of alleles at each locus ranged from 7 to 45 with an average of 23.9 alleles per locus. the 908 alleles detected were used together with passport data to select increasingly large sub-samples th ... | 2007 | 17318494 |
| cadmium uptake and interaction with phytochelatins in wheat protoplasts. | in order to investigate the role of phytochelatins in short-time uptake of cd(2+) into the cytosol of wheat protoplasts, a new method was applied, using fluorescence microscopy and the heavy metal-specific fluorescent dye, 5-nitrobenzothiazole coumarin, btc-5n. the uptake of cd(2+) into protoplasts from 5- to 7-day-old wheat seedlings (triticum aestivum, l. cv. kadett) was lower in protoplasts from seedlings raised in the presence of 1 microm cdcl(2), than in the absence. presence of cdcl(2) in ... | 2007 | 17303432 |
| the gametocidal chromosome as a tool for chromosome manipulation in wheat. | many alien chromosomes have been introduced into common wheat (the genus triticum) from related wild species (the genus aegilops). some alien chromosomes have unique genes that secure their existence in the host by causing chromosome breakage in the gametes lacking them. such chromosomes or genes, called gametocidal (gc) chromosomes or gc genes, are derived from different genomes (c, s, s(l) and m(g)) and belong to three different homoeologous groups 2, 3 and 4. the gc genes of the c and m(g) ge ... | 2007 | 17295127 |
| molecular mapping of genes for coleoptile growth in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | successful plant establishment is critical to the development of high-yielding crops. short coleoptiles can reduce seedling emergence particularly when seed is sown deep as occurs when moisture necessary for germination is deep in the subsoil. detailed molecular maps for a range of wheat doubled-haploid populations (cranbrook/halberd, sunco/tasman, cd87/katepwa and kukri/janz) were used to identify genomic regions affecting coleoptile characteristics length, cross-sectional area and degree of sp ... | 2007 | 17294164 |
| functional markers in wheat. | wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is one of the most important staple crops world-wide. gene-derived 'functional' markers (fms, also called perfect or diagnostic markers elsewhere) would be the ideal tools for marker-assisted breeding of wheat but, at present, their utility is restricted by the limited availability of genes that control agronomic characters. this bottleneck will be overcome in the next decade by ongoing genomics projects. another obstacle for assigning sequence to trait variation is ... | 2007 | 17292659 |
| identification of quantitative trait loci and environmental interactions for accumulation and remobilization of water-soluble carbohydrates in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) stems. | genetic analyses of nine traits associated with stem water-soluble carbohydrate (swsc) accumulation and remobilization at grain-filling period under drought stress (ds) and well-watered (ww) conditions were undertaken using doubled haploid lines (dhls) derived from two chinese common wheat cultivars. some significantly and very significantly positive correlation was observed among nine traits associated with swsc. higher phenotypic values for most traits were detected under ds. broad sense herit ... | 2007 | 17287530 |
| screening of underivatized oligosaccharides extracted from the stems of triticum aestivum using porous graphitized carbon liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. | highly polar oligosaccharide analytes are notoriously difficult to separate by hplc without prior derivatization or the use of highly alkaline eluent systems. using a porous graphitic carbon (pgc) hplc column, we have studied a pool of endogenous underivatized water-soluble oligosaccharides that were extracted from the stems of a range of wheat cultivars. the aqueous/organic eluents that are used with this stationary phase are ideal electrospray solvents and hence facilitate the on-line coupling ... | 2007 | 17284013 |
| salt tolerance in a hordeum marinum-triticum aestivum amphiploid, and its parents. | growth, grain production, and physiological traits were evaluated for hordeum marinum, triticum aestivum (cv. chinese spring), and a h. marinum-t. aestivum amphiploid, when exposed to nacl treatments in a nutrient solution. h. marinum was more salt tolerant than t. aestivum and the amphiploid was intermediate, both for vegetative growth and relative grain production. h. marinum was best able to 'exclude' na(+) and cl(-), particularly at high external nacl. at 300 mm nacl, concentrations of na(+) ... | 2007 | 17283374 |
| identification and quantification of seed carotenoids in selected wheat species. | selected primitive and modern wheat species were evaluated on the basis of their carotenoid composition and effects of the genotype and environment on lutein using spectrometry and liquid chromatography. carotenoids in the wheat extracts were identified and confirmed on the basis of their uv/vis and mass spectra compared with those of authentic standards. the protonated molecule (m + 1)+ at m/z 569 was the predominant ion for zeaxanthin compared to the fragment ion at m/z 551 for lutein. a simil ... | 2007 | 17263475 |
| independent wheat b and g genome origins in outcrossing aegilops progenitor haplotypes. | the origin of modern wheats involved alloploidization among related genomes. to determine if aegilops speltoides was the donor of the b and g genomes in aabb and aagg tetraploids, we used a 3-tiered approach. using 70 amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) loci, we sampled molecular diversity among 480 wheat lines from their natural habitats encompassing all s genome aegilops, the putative progenitors of wheat b and g genomes. fifty-nine aegilops representatives for s genome diversity wer ... | 2007 | 17053048 |
| quantitative structure analysis of genetic diversity among spring bread wheats (triticum aestivum l.) from different geographical regions. | genetic diversity in spring bread wheat (t. aestivum l.) was studied in a total of 69 accessions. for this purpose, 52 microsatellite (ssr) markers were used and a total of 406 alleles were detected, of which 182 (44.8%) occurred at a frequency of <5% (rare alleles). the number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 14 with an average of 7.81. the largest number of alleles per locus occurred in the b genome (8.65) as compared to the a (8.43) and d (5.93) genomes, respectively. the polymorphism in ... | 2007 | 17048074 |
| transcriptional analysis between two wheat near-isogenic lines contrasting in aluminum tolerance under aluminum stress. | to understand the mechanisms of aluminum (al) tolerance in wheat (triticum aestivum l.), suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh) libraries were constructed from al-stressed roots of two near-isogenic lines (nils). a total of 1,065 putative genes from the ssh libraries was printed in a cdna array. relative expression levels of those genes were compared between two nils at seven time points of al stress from 15 min to 7 days. fifty-seven genes were differentially expressed for at least one tim ... | 2007 | 17039377 |
| mapping of fhb2 on chromosome 6bs: a gene controlling fusarium head blight field resistance in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | fusarium head blight (fhb) is one of the most important fungal wheat diseases worldwide. understanding the genetics of fhb resistance is key to facilitate the introgression of different fhb resistance genes into adapted wheat. the objective of this project was to study the fhb resistance qtl on chromosome 6b, quantify the phenotypic variation, and qualitatively map the resistance gene as a mendelian factor. the fhb resistant parent bw278 (ac domain*2/sumai 3) was used as the source of the resist ... | 2007 | 17091262 |
| transcriptional profiling of summer wheat, grown under different realistic uv-b irradiation regimes. | there is limited information on the impact of present-day ultraviolet-b (uv-b) radiation on a reprogramming of gene expression in crops. summer wheat was cultivated in controlled environmental facilities under simulated realistic climatic conditions. we investigated the effect of different regimes of uv-b radiation on summer wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars nandu, star and turbo. until recently, these were most important in bavaria. different cultivars of crops often show great differences ... | 2007 | 16893592 |
| glutamine synthetase and glutamate dehydrogenase contribute differentially to proline accumulation in leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum) seedlings exposed to different salinity. | to investigate the roles of ammonium-assimilating enzymes in proline synthesis under salinity stress, the activities of glutamine synthetase (gs; ec 6.3.1.2) and nadh-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase (nadh-gdh; ec 1.4.1.2) were determined in leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum) seedlings exposed to salt stress at 150 and 300 mm nacl for 5d. at the lower salinity, only gs activity increased markedly. at 300 mm nacl, however, nadh-gdh activity increased while gs activity decreased. a significant a ... | 2007 | 16777263 |
| expression of a modified adp-glucose pyrophosphorylase large subunit in wheat seeds stimulates photosynthesis and carbon metabolism. | adp-glucose pyrophosphorylase (agp) is the rate-limiting step in seed starch biosynthesis. expression of an altered maize agp large subunit (sh2r6hs) in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) results in increased agp activity in developing seed endosperm and seed yield. the yield phenotype involves increases in both seed number and total plant biomass. here we describe stimulation of photosynthesis by the seed-specific sh2r6hs transgene. photosynthetic rates were increased in sh2r6hs-expressing plants und ... | 2007 | 17021802 |
| the triticum aestivum non-specific lipid transfer protein (taltp) gene family: comparative promoter activity of six taltp genes in transgenic rice. | plant non-specific lipid transfer proteins (nsltps) are encoded by a multigene family and support physiological functions, which remain unclear. we adapted an efficient ligation-mediated polymerase chain reaction (lm-pcr) procedure that enabled isolation of 22 novel triticum aestivum nsltp (taltp) genes encoding types 1 and 2 nsltps. a phylogenetic tree clustered the wheat nsltps into ten subfamilies comprising 1-7 members. we also studied the activity of four type 1 and two type 2 taltp gene pr ... | 2007 | 16983534 |
| plasma membrane lipid alterations induced by cold acclimation and abscisic acid treatment of winter wheat seedlings differing in frost resistance. | cold acclimation of plants affects many aspects of metabolism. changes in plasma membrane lipids have always been considered to be important for development of frost resistance and survival at subzero temperatures. we studied different cultivars of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) that differed in frost resistance induced either by cold acclimation or treatment with the plant hormone abscisic acid (aba). plasma membranes were isolated from non-acclimated and cold- as well as from aba-acclimat ... | 2007 | 16500724 |
| fermentation metabolism in roots of wheat seedlings after hypoxic pre-treatment in different anoxic incubation systems. | a hypoxic pre-treatment (hpt) can improve the anoxic survival of flooding sensitive plants. here, we tested whether a 4-d hpt of wheat plants (triticum aestivum l.) would improve their anoxic resistance, and if so, why. we found that the metabolic adjustment during prolonged hpt involved an increased lactate excretion rate, the up-regulation of glycolytic and fermentative enzymes as well as the accumulation of various sugars. therefore, hpt wheat roots could sustain a 3 times higher ethanolic fe ... | 2007 | 16616971 |
| identification of quantitative trait loci and associated candidate genes for low-temperature tolerance in cold-hardy winter wheat. | low-temperature (lt) tolerance is an important economic trait in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) that determines the plants' ability to cope with below freezing temperatures. essential elements of the lt tolerance mechanism are associated with the winter growth habit controlled by the vernalization loci (vrn-1) on the group 5 chromosomes. to identify genomic regions, which in addition to vrn-1 determine the level of lt tolerance in hexaploid wheat, two doubled haploid (dh) mapping population ... | 2007 | 16775685 |
| effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (glomus veruciforme) on changes of some physiological parameters in cadmium treated wheat plants. | soil pollution by heavy metals has become a critical environmental concern due to its potential adverse ecological effects. in this study we have investigated the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (glomus veruciforme) on some physiological growth parameters, such as chlorophyll content, amount of total soluble sugar and total protein of wheat plants (triticum aestivum l. cv. azar2) and we compared these factors in mycorrhizal (am) and non-mycorrhizal (non-am) plants. the content of chlorop ... | 2007 | 19086586 |
| influence of osmo and hydropriming on seed germination and seedling growth in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars under different moisture and temperature conditions. | insufficient seedling stand establishment is one of the major obstacles to achievement of winter wheat (triticum aestivum) potential yield. in the present study, seeds of eleven wheat cultivars differing in drought resistance were subjected to hydropriming with distilled water and osmopriming with peg 6000 for 12 h. speed of emergence, vigor index and seedling dry weight were studied under two temperature conditions at 11 and 18 degrees c in plant growth incubators. water stress started 15 days ... | 2007 | 19090277 |
| sensitivity of two wheat species's seeds (triticum durum, variety karim and triticum aestivum, variety salambô) to heat constraint during germination. | the aim of this study is determine the effect of different temperature regimes on germination of wheat seeds and early germination events. germination is very sensitive to environment conditions, particularly the temperature. physiological and biochemical responses of wheat seed germination during time at various temperatures (5, 15, 25, 35 and 45 degrees c) have shown that optimal temperature (25 degrees c) favorites a good aptitude to germinate, whereas low (5 degrees c) and high temperature ( ... | 2007 | 19090228 |
| wheat phytotoxicity from arsenic and cadmium separately and together in solution culture and in a calcareous soil. | the toxicity of two toxic elements, arsenic (as) and cadmium (cd) (individually or in combination) on root elongation of wheat seedlings (triticum aestivum, l.) were investigated both in hydroponics and in soils freshly spiked with the toxic elements. median effective concentration (ec(50)) and non-observed effect concentration (noec) were used to investigate the toxic thresholds and potencies of the two elements. the ec(50) for as was 0.97 microm in hydroponics and 196 mgkg(-1) in soil, and 4.3 ... | 2007 | 17418485 |
| [the influence of elicitor on the distribution pattern of microtubule and the cytosolic calcium in mesophyll protoplast of wheat]. | by using immunofluorescence labeling technique and incubating the fluo-3 am of ca2+ fluorescein, wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivars lovrin 10 and 5389 were selected as mesophyll protoplast material interaction with elicitor in this paper for studying the relationship between the pattern of microtubule and [ca2+]cyt. confocal laser scanning microscopy (clsm) was used and pharmacologic examination was set. the results indicated: when treated with elicitor, the cytosolic calcium in the protoplasts ... | 2007 | 17966457 |
| association analysis of historical bread wheat germplasm using additive genetic covariance of relatives and population structure. | linkage disequilibrium can be used for identifying associations between traits of interest and genetic markers. this study used mapped diversity array technology (dart) markers to find associations with resistance to stem rust, leaf rust, yellow rust, and powdery mildew, plus grain yield in five historical wheat international multienvironment trials from the international maize and wheat improvement center (cimmyt). two linear mixed models were used to assess marker-trait associations incorporat ... | 2007 | 17947425 |
| comparison of newly synthetic hexaploid wheat with its donors on ssr products. | microsatellites or ssrs as powerful genetic markers have widely been used in genetics and evolutionary biology in common wheat. because of the high polymorphism, newly synthesized hexaploid wheat has been used in the construction of genetic segregation population for ssr markers. however, data on the evolution of microsatellites during the polyploidization event of hexaploid wheat are limited. in this study, 66 pairs of specific to a/b genome ssr patterns among newly synthesized hexaploid wheat, ... | 2007 | 17945172 |
| transcriptional profiling of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) roots identifies novel, dehydration-responsive genes. | we used a long-oligonucleotide microarray to identify transcripts that increased or decreased in abundance in roots of dehydration-tolerant hexaploid bread wheat, in response to withholding of water. we observed that the major classes of dehydration-responsive genes (e.g. osmoprotectants, compatible solutes, proteases, glycosyltransferases/hydrolases, signal transducers components, ion transporters) were generally similar to those observed previously in other species and osmotic stresses. more s ... | 2007 | 17407540 |
| characterization of wheat germin (oxalate oxidase) expressed by pichia pastoris. | high-level secretory expression of wheat (triticum aestivum) germin/oxalate oxidase was achieved in pichia pastoris fermentation cultures as an alpha-mating factor signal peptide fusion, based on the native wheat cdna coding sequence. the oxalate oxidase activity of the recombinant enzyme is substantially increased (7-fold) by treatment with sodium periodate, followed by ascorbate reduction. using these methods, approximately 1 g (4x10(4) u) of purified, activated enzyme was obtained following e ... | 2007 | 17399681 |
| [effects of free-air co2 enrichment (face) on yield formation of wheat]. | to investigate the effects of predicted higher co2 levels on the growth duration, plant height, yield, and yield components of wheat (triticum aestivum l.), a free-air co2 enrichment (face) experiment with weak gluten variety ningmai 9 was conducted at anzhen of wuxi in jiangsu province in 2001-2002 and 2002-2003 growth seasons. the target [co2] in face plots was 200 microl x l(-1) above that in ambient air. three levels of n were supplied, i.e., 90 kg x hm(-2) (2001-2002) and 125 kg x hm(-2)(20 ... | 2007 | 17396503 |
| evaluation of some drought resistance criteria at seedling stage in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars. | this research was conducted to evaluate some of the drought resistance criteria at seedling stage in wheat. a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design (crd) was used with two factors consisted of stress levels (0, -5 and -8 bar) using peg 6000 and genotypes (10 genotypes of bread wheat; azar 2, gahar, koohdasht, bow, zagros, cham, niknejad, e1 neilairi, bohoih and giza 164) in three replications in a hydroponic condition. stress tolerance index (sti), water use efficiency (wue), bi ... | 2007 | 19070061 |
| detection of soft wheat in semolina and durum wheat bread by analysis of dna microsatellites. | the aim of this work was to evaluate the analysis of dna microsatellites for the detection of soft wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in semolina and durum wheat bread (prepared from triticum turgidum l. var. durum). the results enabled selection of an efficient d-genome-specific repetitive dna sequence to detect common wheat in semolina and breads by qualitative pcr with a threshold of 3 and 5%, respectively, lowered to 2.5% by real-time pcr. this is of major importance for checking during production ... | 2007 | 17394336 |
| varying patterns of protein synthesis in bread wheat during heat shock. | high temperatures during seedling growth are considered as one of the factors that can modify surviving properties in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) plant. this work attempts to evaluate the heat shock responses of seedling of winter wheat (bezostaya-1) using growth parameters (seedling length, embryonal root length and embryonal root number), membrane stability index (msi) and two dimensional (2d) gel electrophoresis analysis of heat shock proteins (hsps) during heat shock. seedlings grown until ... | 2007 | 17385547 |
| [chromosomal location of genes for vernalization duration (vrd) in winter bread wheat]. | in this study, we carried out monosomic analysis of two isogenic lines of cultivar mironovskaya 808, monogenically dominant for genes vrd1 and vrd2 reducing the cultivar vernalization requirement duration from 50 to respectively 35 and 45 days, as well as analysis of substitution lines cappelle desperez/bezostaya 1. gene vrdl is localized on chromosome 4a; vrd2, on chromosome 5d. the third gene, which is not allelic to the former two, is present in cultivar cappelle desperez on either the ia, 6a ... | 2007 | 17385319 |
| effect of wheat stem sawfly damage on yield and quality of selected canadian spring wheat. | the wheat stem sawfly, cephus cinctus norton (hymenoptera: cephidae), has reached outbreak status at most locations in the southern canadian prairies. solid-stemmed wheat, triticum aestivum l., cultivars, which are less susceptible to damage, remain the primary management option. this article quantifies the effect of wheat stem sawfly damage on grain yield and quality at harvest and determines how cultivar selection affects harvest losses. solid-stemmed cultivars were compared with hollow-stemme ... | 2007 | 17370813 |
| using genotype x nitrogen interaction variables to evaluate the qtl involved in wheat tolerance to nitrogen constraints. | lower market prices and environmental concerns now orientate wheat (triticum aestivum l.) breeding programs towards low input agricultural practices, and more particularly low nitrogen (n) input management. such programs require knowledge of the genetic determination of plant reaction to n deficiency. our aim was to characterize the genetic basis of n use efficiency and genotype x n interactions. the detection of qtl for grain yield, grain protein yield and their components was performed on a ma ... | 2007 | 17569029 |
| high salt stress induces swollen prothylakoids in dark-grown wheat and alters both prolamellar body transformation and reformation after irradiation. | high salinity causes ion imbalance and osmotic stress in plants. leaf sections from 8-d-old dark-grown wheat (triticum aestivum cv. giza 168) were exposed to high salt stress (600 mm) and the native arrangements of plastid pigments together with the ultrastructure of the plastids were studied using low-temperature fluorescence spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. although plastids from salt-treated leaves had highly swollen prothylakoids (pts) the prolamellar bodies (plbs) were reg ... | 2007 | 17562691 |
| genetic analysis of protein, lysine, gluten and flour yield in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the study was carried out to investigate the nature of gene action determining the inheritance pattern of protein, lysine, gluten and flour yield in eight wheat varieties (pak 81, pothowar 93, parwaz 94, shahkar 95, suleiman 96, chakwal 97, kohistan 97 and mh 97) selected on the basis of phenotypic diversity. in order to ascertain the gene action involved in the inheritance of these characters, the techniques like analysis of variance of hayman model and genetic component analysis were employed. ... | 2007 | 19093437 |
| priming of seeds with nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside (snp) alleviates the inhibition on wheat seed germination by salt stress. | the effect of snp, an no donor, on seed germination of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. 'dk961') under salt stress was studied. the results showed that priming of seeds with 0.06 mmol/l snp for 24 h markedly alleviated the decrease of the germination percentage, germination index, vigor index and imbibition rate of wheat seeds under salt stress. snp significantly alleviated the decrease of the beta-amylase activity but almost did not affect the alpha-amylase activity of wheat seeds under salt str ... | 2007 | 17556812 |
| [the mechanisms of variation of subtelomeric repeats speltl in the progeny of introgressive line triticum aestivum l. x aegilops speltoides tausch]. | quantitative variation of species-specific subtelomeric repeat speltl was studied in the progeny of an individual accession from the introgressive line triticum aestivum x aegilops speltoides. in the progeny, no cases of the speltl increased content were observed. on the contrary, in some cases statistically significant decrease of the repeat copy number was detected. it seems likely that the mechanisms of the spelt1 elimination involve either the selection at the gamete level versus the increas ... | 2007 | 17555135 |
| [genetic control of the spring habit in old local cultivars and landraces of common wheat from siberia]. | the inheritance of the spring habit was studied in 63 old local cultivars and landraces of common wheat from eastern and western siberia and the tyva republic. minimal polymorphism was observed for the dominant vrn genes, controlling the spring habit in landraces of these regions. the control was digenic and involved the vrnl and vrn2 dominant genes in the majority (95%) of cultivars and was monogenic in three cultivars. none of the cultivars had the vrn3 dominant gene, characteristic of the nei ... | 2007 | 17555122 |
| comparison between gradient-dependent hydraulic conductivities of roots using the root pressure probe: the role of pressure propagations and implications for the relative roles of parallel radial pathways. | hydrostatic pressure relaxations with the root pressure probe are commonly used for measuring the hydraulic conductivity (lp(r)) of roots. we compared the lp(r) of roots from species with different root hydraulic properties (lupinus angustifolius l. 'merrit', lupinus luteus l. 'wodjil', triticum aestivum l. 'kulin' and zea mays l. 'pacific dk 477') using pressure relaxations, a pressure clamp and osmotic gradients to induce water flow across the root. only the pressure clamp measures water flow ... | 2007 | 17547657 |
| cloning and characterization of micrornas from wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | micrornas (mirnas) are a class of small, non-coding regulatory rnas that regulate gene expression by guiding target mrna cleavage or translational inhibition. so far, identification of mirnas has been limited to a few model plant species, such as arabidopsis, rice and populus, whose genomes have been sequenced. wheat is one of the most important cereal crops worldwide. to date, only a few conserved mirnas have been predicted in wheat and the computational identification of wheat mirnas requires ... | 2007 | 17543110 |
| factors contributing to enhanced freezing tolerance in wheat during frost hardening in the light. | the interaction between light and temperature during the development of freezing tolerance was studied in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l. var. mv emese). ten-day-old plants were cold hardened at 5 degrees c for 12 days under normal (250 micromol m(-2)s(-1)) or low light (20 micromol m(-2)s(-1)) conditions. some of the plants were kept at 20/18 degrees c for 12 days at high light intensity (500 micromol m(-2)s(-1)), which also increased the freezing tolerance of winter wheat. the freezing surv ... | 2007 | 17537468 |