Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| surveillance of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing escherichia coli in dairy cattle farms in the nile delta, egypt. | industrial livestock farming is a possible source of multi-resistant gram-negative bacteria, including producers of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls) conferring resistance to 3rd generation cephalosporins. limited information is currently available on the situation of esbl producers in livestock farming outside of western europe. a surveillance study was conducted from january to may in 2014 in four dairy cattle farms in different areas of the nile delta, egypt. | 2016 | 27458435 |
| short communication: iodine concentrations in serum, milk, and tears after feeding ascophyllum nodosum to dairy cows-a pilot study. | kelp (ascophyllum nodosum) is rich in iodine and often fed by organic dairy producers as a mineral supplement to support animal health. a commonly held belief is that kelp supplementation decreases susceptibility to infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis due to increased iodine concentrations in tears. whereas serum and milk iodine concentrations are positively correlated and modulated by oral iodine supplementation, nothing is known about the iodine concentration of tears. therefore, the 3 obje ... | 2016 | 27448858 |
| differential glucocorticoid-induced closure of the blood-milk barrier during lipopolysaccharide- and lipoteichoic acid-induced mastitis in dairy cows. | bacteria invading the mammary gland can cause pathogen-dependent differences in the permeability of the blood-milk barrier leading to the differential paracellular transfer of blood and milk components. glucocorticoids such as prednisolone (pred) are known to increase the integrity of the blood-milk barrier and quickly restore the decreased milk quality associated with mastitis. the objective of this study was to examine the effect of intramammary pred on the differential permeability of the blo ... | 2016 | 27372589 |
| use of rumination and activity monitoring for the identification of dairy cows with health disorders: part ii. mastitis. | the objectives of this study were to evaluate (1) the performance of an automated health-monitoring system (ahms) to identify cows with mastitis based on an alert system (health index score, his) that combines rumination time and physical activity; (2) the number of days between the first his alert and clinical diagnosis (cd) of mastitis by farm personnel; and (3) the daily rumination time, physical activity, and his patterns around cd. holstein cows (n=1,121; 451 nulliparous and 670 multiparous ... | 2016 | 27372584 |
| acute phase proteins as biomarkers of urinary tract infection in dairy cows: diagnostic and prognostic accuracy. | the aims of this study were to investigate the level of acute phase proteins in dairy cows with urinary tract infection (uti) and to evaluate their diagnostic and prognostic value. eighty-four lactating cows with clinical and laboratory evidence of uti and 15 healthy controls were included in this study. serum samples were evaluated for the levels of haptoglobin (hp), serum amyloid a (saa), fibrinogen (fb), α1-acid glycoprotein (agp), total protein, and globulin. the diagnostic and prognostic pe ... | 2016 | 27348889 |
| factors associated with shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli shedding by dairy and beef cattle. | shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) is an important foodborne pathogen that can cause hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic-uremic syndrome. cattle are the primary reservoir for stec, and food or water contaminated with cattle feces is the most common source of infections in humans. consequently, we conducted a cross-sectional study of 1,096 cattle in six dairy herds (n = 718 animals) and five beef herds (n = 378 animals) in the summers of 2011 and 2012 to identify epidemiological factors ... | 2016 | 27342555 |
| the impact of intramammary escherichia coli challenge on liver and mammary transcriptome and cross-talk in dairy cows during early lactation using rnaseq. | our objective was to identify the biological response and the cross-talk between liver and mammary tissue after intramammary infection (imi) with escherichia coli (e. coli) using rnaseq technology. sixteen cows were inoculated with live e. coli into one mammary quarter at ~4-6 weeks in lactation. for all cows, biopsies were performed at -144, 12 and 24 h relative to imi in liver and at 24 h post-imi in infected and non-infected (control) mammary quarters. for a subset of cows (n = 6), rna was ex ... | 2016 | 27336699 |
| influences of season, parity, lactation, udder area, milk yield, and clinical symptoms on intramammary infection in dairy cows. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the influences of season, parity, lactation, udder area, milk yield, and clinical symptoms on bacterial intramammary infection (imi) in dairy cows. a total of 2,106 mastitis pathogens in 12 species were isolated from 125 dairy farms distributed in 30 different cities in china, and the information about these factors was recorded at the same time. mastitis pathogens were isolated from 63.43% of the milk samples, whereas streptococcus agalactiae accounted for ... | 2016 | 27265170 |
| lactobacillus rhamnosus gr-1 limits escherichia coli-induced inflammatory responses via attenuating myd88-dependent and myd88-independent pathway activation in bovine endometrial epithelial cells. | intrauterine escherichia coli infection after calving reduces fertility and causes major economic losses in the dairy industry. we investigated the protective effect of the probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus gr-1 on e. coli-induced cell damage and inflammation in primary bovine endometrial epithelial cells (beecs). l. rhamnosus gr-1 reduced ultrastructure alterations and the percentage of beecs apoptosis after e. coli challenge. increased messenger rna (mrna) expression of immune response indicat ... | 2016 | 27236308 |
| phylogenomic approaches to determine the zoonotic potential of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) isolated from zambian dairy cattle. | this study assessed the prevalence and zoonotic potential of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) sampled from 104 dairy units in the central region of zambia and compared these with isolates from patients presenting with diarrhoea in the same region. a subset of 297 e. coli strains were sequenced allowing in silico analyses of phylo- and sero-groups. the majority of the bovine strains clustered in the b1 'commensal' phylogroup (67%) and included a diverse array of serogroups. 11% (41/3 ... | 2016 | 27220895 |
| repeated intrauterine infusions of lipopolysaccharide alter gene expression and lifespan of the bovine corpus luteum. | inflammation of the uterus is associated with disturbed ovarian function and reduced reproductive performance in dairy cows. to investigate the influence of endometritis on the bovine corpus luteum, 8 heifers received intrauterine infusions with either phosphate-buffered saline (pbs; 9ml) or escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps; 3µg/kg of body weight diluted in 9ml of pbs) at 6-h intervals from 12h before and until 9d after ovulation during 2 cycles in a random order (ovulation=d 1). an untr ... | 2016 | 27179870 |
| impact of seasonal conditions on quality and pathogens content of milk in friesian cows. | heat stress negatively affects milk quality altering its nutritive value and cheese making properties. this study aimed at assessing the impact of seasonal microclimatic conditions on milk quality of friesian cows. the study was carried out in a dairy farm from june 2013 to may 2014 at beni-suef province, egypt. inside the barn daily ambient temperature and relative humidity were recorded and used to calculate the daily maximum temperature-humidity index (mxthi), which was used as indicator of t ... | 2016 | 27165021 |
| randomized clinical trial comparing ceftiofur hydrochloride with a positive control protocol for intramammary treatment of nonsevere clinical mastitis in dairy cows. | the objective of this study was to compare ceftiofur hydrochloride with a positive control protocol for intramammary treatment of nonsevere clinical mastitis in dairy cows. a total of 264 clinical mastitis cases on 11 commercial dairy farms were treated with intramammary infusions, once a day for 4 d using 1 of 2 treatments: (1) ceftiofur hydrochloride 125mg; or (2) control: tetracycline 200mg + neomycin 250mg + bacitracin 28mg + prednisolone 10mg. streptococcus agalactiae was the most frequentl ... | 2016 | 27157576 |
| acute phase response in lactating dairy cows during hyperinsulinemic hypoglycaemic and hyperinsulinemic euglycaemic clamps and after intramammary lps challenge. | the link between energy availability, turnover of energy substrates and the onset of inflammation in dairy cows is complex and poorly investigated. to clarify this, plasma inflammatory variables were measured in mid-lactating dairy cows allocated to three groups: hyperinsulinemic hypoglycaemic clamp, induced by insulin infusion (hypog, n = 5); hyperinsulinemic euglycaemic clamp, induced by insulin and glucose infusion (eug; n = 6); control, receiving a saline solution infusion (nacl; n = 6). at ... | 2016 | 27079943 |
| short communication: the role of autoinducer 2 (ai-2) on antibiotic resistance regulation in an escherichia coli strain isolated from a dairy cow with mastitis. | extended spectrum β-lactamase (esbl)-positive escherichia coli is a major etiological organism responsible for bovine mastitis. the autoinducer 2 (ai-2) quorum sensing system is widely present in many species of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and has been proposed to be involved in interspecies communication. in e. coli model strains, the functional mechanisms of ai-2 have been well studied; however, in clinical antibiotic-resistant e. coli strains, whether ai-2 affects the expression ... | 2016 | 27060825 |
| draft genome sequence of an escherichia coli o8:h19 sequence type 708 strain isolated from a holstein dairy cow with metritis. | we present here the genome sequence ofescherichia colio8:h19 strain kcj852, belonging to multilocus sequence type (mlst) 708, isolated from the uterus of a cow with a bovine postpartum uterine infection known as metritis. genomic investigation of kcj852 will help us understand its virulence potential. | 2016 | 27056235 |
| enrofloxacin in dairy cattle with escherichia coli mastitis. | 2016 | 27034300 | |
| relationship between escherichia coli virulence factors and postpartum metritis in dairy cows. | the objectives of this study were to report the prevalence of escherichia coli and trueperella pyogenes in the uterus of postpartum dairy cows before the onset of postpartum metritis (ppm) and to quantify their association with subsequent occurrence of ppm, to quantify the association between the presence of genes encoding e. coli virulence factors (vf) and ppm, and to determine the accuracy of using early postpartum uterine bacteriology results (bacteria and vf) to identify cows at risk of ppm. ... | 2016 | 27016836 |
| evaluation of two multi-locus sequence typing schemes for commensal escherichia coli from dairy cattle in washington state. | multi-locus sequence typing (mlst) is a useful system for phylogenetic and epidemiological studies of multidrug-resistant escherichiacoli. most studies utilize a seven-locus mlst, but an alternate two-locus typing method (fumc and fimh; ch typing) has been proposed that may offer a similar degree of discrimination at lower cost. herein, we compare ch typing to the standard seven-locus method for typing commensal e. coli isolates from dairy cattle. in addition, we evaluated alternative combinatio ... | 2016 | 27001705 |
| potential immunosuppressive effects of escherichia coli o157:h7 experimental infection on the bovine host. | enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec), like e. coli o157:h7 are frequently detected in bovine faecal samples at slaughter. cattle do not show clinical symptoms upon infection, but for humans the consequences after consuming contaminated beef can be severe. the immune response against ehec in cattle cannot always clear the infection as persistent colonization and shedding in infected animals over a period of months often occurs. in previous infection trials, we observed a primary immune resp ... | 2016 | 28003017 |
| serotypes, virulence markers and cell invasion ability of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli strains isolated from healthy dairy cattle. | the occurrence of virulence markers, serotypes and invasive ability were investigated in shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) isolated from faecal samples of healthy dairy cattle at rio de janeiro state, brazil. | 2016 | 27426967 |
| metritis vaccination in holstein dairy heifers using a herd-specific multivalent vaccine - effects on uterine health and fertility in first lactation. | in cattle, acute puerperal metritis (apm) compromises animal welfare and has an economic impact to the farmer because of the detrimental effects on reproductive performance, milk production, and survivability. the aim of this randomized clinical study was to investigate the effects of a prepartum immunization using a herd-specific multivalent vaccine on incidence of apm, prevalence of clinical endometritis (ce), and selected measures of reproductive performance in primiparous holstein cows. preg ... | 2017 | 28760665 |
| quantitative risk assessment of antimicrobial-resistant foodborne infections in humans due to recombinant bovine somatotropin usage in dairy cows. | recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbst) is a production-enhancing technology that allows the dairy industry to produce milk more efficiently. concern has been raised that cows supplemented with rbst are at an increased risk of developing clinical mastitis, which would potentially increase the use of antimicrobial agents and increase human illnesses associated with antimicrobial-resistant bacterial pathogens delivered through the dairy beef supply. the purpose of this study was to conduct a quanti ... | 2017 | 28574304 |
| phylogenetic analysis of vp1 and rdrp genes of brazilian aichivirus b strains involved in a diarrhea outbreak in dairy calves. | aichivirus b has been reported worldwide in calves and adult cattle with and without diarrhea. the aim of this study was to describe the molecular characteristics of the rdrp and vp1 genes of aichivirus b strains identified as the most frequent etiologic agent in a neonatal diarrhea outbreak in a high-production brazilian dairy cattle herd. preliminary laboratory analysis ruled out important enteropathogens (cryptosporidium spp; eimeria spp., e. coli f5, and bovine coronavirus). fecal samples fr ... | 2017 | 28849283 |
| bacteriological etiology and treatment of mastitis in finnish dairy herds. | the finnish dairy herd recording system maintains production and health records of cows and herds. veterinarians and farmers register veterinary treatments in the system. milk samples for microbiological analysis are routinely taken from mastitic cows. the laboratory of the largest dairy company in finland, valio ltd., analyzes most samples using real-time pcr. this study addressed pathogen-specific microbiological data and treatment and culling records, in combination with cow and herd characte ... | 2017 | 28545485 |
| in vitro synergistic activities of cefazolin and nisin a against mastitis pathogens. | first-generation cephalosporins such as cefazolin (cez) have been widely used for mastitis treatment in dairy cattle. however, the use of antibiotics results in the presence of antibiotic residues in milk, which is used for human consumption. nisin a, a bacteriocin produced by lactococcus lactis, has been used as a broad-spectrum food preservative for over 50 years. therefore, a combination of cez and nisin a might provide an extended activity spectrum against mastitis pathogens and reduce the a ... | 2017 | 28757508 |
| short communication: extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant escherichia coli in colostrum from new brunswick, canada, dairy cows harbor blacmy-2 and blatem resistance genes. | dairy calves are colonized shortly after birth by multidrug resistant (mdr) bacteria, including escherichia coli. the role of dairy colostrum fed to calves as a potential source of mdr bacteria resistance genes has not been investigated. this study determined the recovery rate of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant (esc-r) e. coli in colostrum from cows. the esc-r e. coli isolates were further investigated to determine their phenotypic antimicrobial resistance pattern and the genes conferr ... | 2017 | 28780105 |
| characterization of ndm-5-positive extensively resistant escherichia coli isolates from dairy cows. | the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of blandm-5 gene in escherichia coli isolates from dairy cows and to characterize the molecular traits of the blandm-5-positive isolates. a total of 169 cows were sampled (169 feces and 169 raw milk samples) in three dairy farms in jiangsu province and 203 e. coli isolates were recovered. among these strains, three isolates carried blandm-5 gene, including one co-harboring mcr-1, which belonged to sequence type 446 and the other two belonge ... | 2017 | 28757017 |
| behavioral and patho-physiological response as possible signs of pain in dairy cows during escherichia coli mastitis: a pilot study. | bovine mastitis is one of the most common diseases in the dairy industry and it is a major welfare problem. pain during mastitis is generally assessed through behavior but a combination of indicators would increase the chances of detecting pain and assessing its intensity. the aim of this study was to assess behavioral and patho-physiological responses as possible signs of pain experienced by cows after experimental intramammary challenge (mastitis) with escherichia coli. six holstein-friesian c ... | 2017 | 28755940 |
| escherichia coli mastitis strains: in vitro phenotypes and severity of infection in vivo. | mastitis remains a major infection of dairy cows and an important issue for dairy farmers and the dairy industry, in particular infections due to escherichia coli strains. so far, properties specific to e. coli causing mastitis remain ill defined. in an attempt to better understand the properties required for e. coli to trigger mastitis, we used a range of in vitro assays to phenotypically characterize four e. coli strains, including the prototypical e. coli mastitis strain p4, possessing differ ... | 2017 | 28727781 |
| effect of experimentally increased protein supply to postpartum dairy cows on plasma protein synthesis, rumen tissue proliferation, and immune homeostasis. | the effect of experimentally increasing the postpartum protein supply on plasma protein synthesis, rumen tissue proliferation, and immune homeostasis was studied using 8 periparturient holstein cows in a complete randomized design. at calving, cows were assigned to abomasal infusion of water (ctrl) or casein (cas) in addition to a lactation diet. casein infusion was gradually decreased from 696 ± 1 g/d at +2 d relative to calving (drtc) to 212 ± 10 g/d at +29 drtc to avoid excessive supply. synt ... | 2017 | 28727010 |
| short communication: effects of an immunomodulatory feed additive on phagocytic capacity of neutrophils and relative gene expression in circulating white blood cells of transition holstein cows. | high-producing dairy cows typically experience immunosuppression with dysregulated neutrophil function (e.g., compromised phagocytosis) during the transition period (3 wk before to 3 wk after parturition), which is causally associated with increased risk of infections. enhanced neutrophil immune competence has significant bearing with the wellbeing of transition dairy cattle. in the current study, we investigated the effect of omnigen-af (og; phibro animal health, quincy, il) and its dose in mod ... | 2017 | 28711260 |
| normal milk microbiome is reestablished following experimental infection with escherichia coli independent of intramammary antibiotic treatment with a third-generation cephalosporin in bovines. | the use of antimicrobials in food animals and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance are global concerns. ceftiofur is the only third-generation cephalosporin labeled for veterinary use in the usa, and it is the drug of choice in the majority of dairy farms for the treatment of mastitis. here, we use next-generation sequencing to describe longitudinal changes that occur in the milk microbiome before, during, and after infection and treatment with ceftiofur. twelve animals were intramammary ch ... | 2017 | 28701174 |
| plasmids of diverse inc groups disseminate the fosfomycin resistance gene fosa3 among escherichia coli isolates from pigs, chickens, and dairy cows in northeast china. | thirty-nine fosfomycin-resistant escherichia coli isolates carrying fosa3 were obtained from pigs, chickens, dairy cows, and staff in four northeastern provinces of china between june 2015 and april 2016. the fosa3 gene was colocated with blactx-m genes on conjugative plasmids of the incompatibility groups incn (n = 12), incn-f33:a(-):b(-)(n = 2), incf33:a(-):b(-)(n = 14), incf14:a(-):b(-)(n = 2), and inci1/sequence type 136 (st136) (n = 9). four different genetic contexts of fosa3 were detected ... | 2017 | 28674050 |
| detection and drug resistance profile of escherichia coli from subclinical mastitis cows and water supply in dairy farms in saraburi province, thailand. | subclinical mastitis is a persistent problem in dairy farms worldwide. environmental escherichia coli is the bacterium predominantly responsible for this condition. in thailand, subclinical mastitis in dairy cows is usually treated with various antibiotics, which could lead to antibiotic resistance in bacteria. e. coli is also a reservoir of many antibiotic resistance genes, which can be conveyed to other bacteria. in this study, the presence of e. coli in milk and water samples was reported, am ... | 2017 | 28626609 |
| bovine intra-mammary challenge with streptococcus dysgalactiae spp. dysgalactiae to explore the effect on the response of complement activity. | recently published work as described by the authors highlighted the extent of complement activity in bovine milk. localised mastitis infection occurring in the mammary glands of dairy cows is readily detectable by the levels of somatic cells in milk. thus, it is opportune to monitor complement activity in milks in association with the animal's innate immune response to mammary infection. preliminary screening of milk samples taken randomly showed that milk with a high somatic cell count (scc) re ... | 2017 | 28625182 |
| experimentally induced subclinical mastitis: are lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid eliciting similar pain responses? | pain accompanying mastitis has gained attention recently as a relevant welfare compromising aspect of disease. adequate pain recognition and therapy are necessary in the context of a modern and ethically acceptable dairy care. for research purposes mastitis is often induced by intramammary infusion of immunogenic bacterial cell wall components. lipopolysaccharide (lps) from escherichia coli and lipoteichoic acid (lta) from staphylococcus aureus are commonly administered to this end. while the im ... | 2017 | 28615028 |
| local immunization impacts the response of dairy cows to escherichia coli mastitis. | current vaccines to escherichia coli mastitis have shown some albeit limited efficacy. their mode of action has not been documented, and immune responses protecting the mammary gland against e. coli are not completely understood. to improve our knowledge of mammary gland immune protection, cows immunized either intramuscularly or intramammarily with the e. coli p4 were submitted to a homologous mastitis challenge. a third group of mock-immunized cows serve as challenge controls. local immunizati ... | 2017 | 28611405 |
| cefotaxime-resistant e. coli in dairy and beef cattle farms-joint analyses of two cross-sectional investigations in germany. | resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and other beta-lactam antibiotics is of major concern for animal and human health. knowledge of the prevalence of resistant bacteria in primary production is an important element to estimate transmission along the stages in the food production chain and the exposure of the human population. the primary objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of cefotaxime-resistant commensal e. coli in dairy and beef cattle production units throughout ... | 2017 | 28606364 |
| punicalagin protects bovine endometrial epithelial cells against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory injury. | bovine endometritis is one of the most common reproductive disorders in cattle. the aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammation potential of punicalagin in lipopolysaccharide (lps)-induced bovine endometrial epithelial cells (beecs) and to uncover the underlying mechanisms. | 2017 | 28585424 |
| effects of intravaginal lactic acid bacteria on bovine endometrium: implications in uterine health. | infection and inflammation of the endometrium after calving compromise uterine health, contributing to decreased reproductive efficiency in dairy cows. twenty multiparous cows were distributed in two groups and treated intra-vaginally with a combination of lactic acid bacteria (lab) composed by lactobacillus rhamnosus, pedioccocus acidilactici, and lactobacillus reuteri, or with a sterile carrier (con) twice per week during 3 wk. at the slaughterhouse, vaginal and endometrial swabs were taken fo ... | 2017 | 28532798 |
| effects of continuous low dose infusion of lipopolysaccharide on inflammatory responses, milk production and milk quality in dairy cows. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of continuous low dose infusion of lipopolysaccharide (lps) on inflammatory responses and milk production and quality in lactating dairy cows. eight holstein cows were assigned to two treatments in a cross-over experimental design. cows were infused intravenously either with saline solution or with saline solution containing lps from escherichia coli o111:b4 at a dose of 0.01 μg lps/kg body weight for approximately 6 hr each day during a se ... | 2017 | 28503821 |
| effects of intrauterine infusion of escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide on uterine health, resolution of purulent vaginal discharge, and reproductive performance of lactating dairy cows. | the objectives of the current experiment were to evaluate the effects of intrauterine infusion of escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps) in cows diagnosed with purulent vaginal discharge (pvd) on intrauterine cell population, resolution of pvd, uterine health, and reproductive performance. jersey cows (n = 3,084) were examined using the metricheck device to diagnose pvd at 35 ± 6 d postpartum. purulent vaginal discharge was defined as the presence of purulent (≥50% pus) discharge detectable i ... | 2017 | 28434752 |
| effects of intrauterine infusion of escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide on uterine mrna gene expression and peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocytes in jersey cows diagnosed with purulent vaginal discharge. | the objectives of the current experiment were to investigate the effects of intrauterine treatment of cows with purulent vaginal discharge (pvd) using lipopolysaccharide (lps) from escherichia coli on uterine mrna expression of genes related to inflammatory responses, peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocyte (pmn) function, hematological parameters, and blood concentrations of cortisol, haptoglobin, and progesterone (p4). jersey cows (n = 3,084) were examined for pvd at 35 ± 6 d postpartum using t ... | 2017 | 28434729 |
| a survey on antimicrobial resistant escherichia coli isolated from unpasteurised cows' milk in northern ireland. | 2017 | 28424319 | |
| effect of lipopolysaccharide on developmental competence of oocytes. | in postpartum dairy cows, lipopolysaccharide (lps) derived from gram-negative bacteria such as escherichia coli causes uterine inflammation resulting in low fertility. the aim of this study was to determine the effect of lps on the developmental competence of bovine oocytes in vitro. lps perturbed the nuclear maturation of bovine oocytes by inhibiting meiotic progression. although lps did not affect the copy number of mitochondrial dna, it decreased mitochondrial membrane potential in matured oo ... | 2017 | 28408308 |
| proposal for agar disk diffusion interpretive criteria for susceptibility testing of bovine mastitis pathogens using cefoperazone 30μg disks. | cefoperazone is a third generation cephalosporin which is commonly used for bovine mastitis therapy. bacterial pathogens involved in bovine mastitis are frequently tested for their susceptibility to cefoperazone. so far, the cefoperazone susceptibility testing using 30μg disks has been hampered by the lack of quality control (qc) ranges as well as the lack of interpretive criteria. in 2014, qc ranges for 30 μg cefoperazone disks have been established for staphylococcus aureus atcc(®) 25923 and e ... | 2017 | 26987627 |
| climate, lactation, and treatment factors influence faecal shedding of escherichia coli o157 pathotypes in dairy cows. | among pathogens shed by cattle, escherichia coli o157 ranks highest in those causing human illness. to date, prevalence and risk factors for o157 shedding have been assessed in feedlot, but not dairy cattle. the study aimed to determine prevalence levels and risk factors for o157 atypical enteropathogenic e. coli (aepec) and enterohaemorrhagic e. coli (ehec) shedding in dairy cattle. dairy cattle (n = 899) within the first 21 days of lactation were sampled monthly over the course of 1 year, on t ... | 2017 | 27634484 |
| occurrence and characterization of blandm-5-positive klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from dairy cows in jiangsu, china. | to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and the surrounding genetic structure of the blandm-5 gene in klebsiella pneumoniae derived from dairy cows in jiangsu province, china. | 2017 | 27621177 |
| randomized, blinded, controlled clinical trial shows no benefit of homeopathic mastitis treatment in dairy cows. | mastitis is one of the most common diseases in dairy production, and homeopathic remedies have been used increasingly in recent years to treat it. clinical trials evaluating homeopathy have often been criticized for their inadequate scientific approach. the objective of this triple-blind, randomized controlled trial was to assess the efficacy of homeopathic treatment in bovine clinical mastitis. the study was conducted on a conventionally managed dairy farm between june 2013 and may 2014. dairy ... | 2017 | 28342609 |
| draft genome sequences of escherichia coli strains isolated at calving from the uterus, vagina, vulva, and rectoanal junction of a dairy cow that later developed metritis. | escherichia coli is involved in the pathogenicity of metritis in cows. we report here the genome sequences of e. coli strains isolated at calving from the uterus, vagina, vulva, and rectoanal junction of a dairy cow that later developed metritis. the genomic similarities will give an insight into phylogenetic relationships among strains. | 2017 | 28302783 |
| presence and localization of bacteria in the bovine endometrium postpartum using fluorescence in situ hybridization. | the aim of this study was to investigate bacterial invasiveness of the bovine endometrium during the postpartum period. fluorescence in situ hybridization was applied to endometrial biopsies using probes for fusobacterium necrophorum, porphyromonas levii, trueperella pyogenes, escherichia coli and a probe for bacteria in general (the overall domain bacteria) to determine their tissue localization. holstein cows were sampled at three time points postpartum (t1: 4-12 days postpartum, t2: 24-32 day ... | 2017 | 28237333 |
| spatial clustering of escherichia coli with reduced susceptibility to cefotaxime and ciprofloxacin among dairy cattle farms relative to european starling night roosts. | european starlings (sturnus vulgaris) have been implicated in the dispersal of zoonotic enteric pathogens. however, their role in disseminating antimicrobial-resistant organisms through their home range has not been clearly established. the aim of this study was to determine whether starling night roosts served as foci for spreading organisms with reduced susceptibility to antimicrobials among dairy cattle farms. bovine faecal pats were collected from 150 dairy farms in ohio. each farm was visit ... | 2017 | 27460156 |
| glucose requirements of an activated immune system in lactating holstein cows. | accurately quantifying activated immune system energy requirements in vivo is difficult, but a better understanding may advance strategies to maximize animal productivity. study objectives were to estimate whole-body glucose utilization following an i.v. endotoxin challenge. lactating holstein cows were jugular catheterized and assigned 1 of 3 bolus treatments: control (con; 5 ml of saline; n = 6), lipopolysaccharide (lps)-administered (lps-c; 1.5 μg/kg of body weight; escherichia coli 055:b5; n ... | 2017 | 28041733 |
| antimicrobial peptides of meat origin - an in silico and in vitro analysis. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of meat protein-derived peptides against selected gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. the in silico and in vitro approach was combined to determine the potency of antimicrobial peptides derived from pig (sus scrofa) and cow (bos taurus) proteins. the in silico studies consisted of an analysis of the amino acid composition of peptides obtained from the campr database, their molecular weight and other physicochemical properties ... | 2017 | 28000569 |
| intramammary infusion of escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide negatively affects feed intake, chewing, and clinical variables, but some effects are stronger in cows experiencing subacute rumen acidosis. | feeding high-grain diets increases the risk of subacute rumen acidosis (sara) and adversely affects rumen health. this condition might impair the responsiveness of cows when they are exposed to external infectious stimuli such as lipopolysaccharide (lps). the main objective of this study was to evaluate various responses to intramammary lps infusion in healthy dairy cows and those experimentally subjected to sara. eighteen early-lactating simmental cows were subjected to sara (n = 12) or control ... | 2017 | 27939552 |
| prevalence and risk factors for extended-spectrum β-lactamase or ampc-producing escherichia coli in organic dairy herds in the netherlands. | extended-spectrum β-lactamase and ampc-producing escherichia coli (esbl/ampc) are an emerging problem and are hypothesized to be associated with antimicrobial use (amu), and more specifically with the use of third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins. whether esbl/ampc also occur in organic dairy herds, which have restricted amu, is not known. additionally, it is unknown whether, in addition to restricted amu, other factors in organic herd management are associated with esbl/ampc herd status. t ... | 2017 | 27865491 |
| short communication: diagnostic performance of on-farm bacteriological culture systems for identification of uterine escherichia coli in postpartum dairy cows. | the objectives of this study were to validate the performance of on-farm bacteriological culture systems for identification of escherichia coli in the uterus of early postpartum dairy cows and to determine if an association is present between the results and the subsequent occurrence of puerperal metritis (pm). a prospective cohort study was conducted in one commercial holstein dairy herd in which 400 cows were sampled between 24 and 48 h after parturition. three bacteriological samples were obt ... | 2017 | 28215893 |
| factors associated with intramammary infection in dairy cows caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus uberis, streptococcus dysgalactiae, corynebacterium bovis, or escherichia coli. | the aim of this study was to determine risk factors for bovine intramammary infection (imi) associated with the most common bacterial species in finland. large databases of the finnish milk-recording system and results of microbiological analyses of mastitic milk samples from valio ltd. (helsinki, finland) were analyzed. the study group comprised 29,969 cows with imi from 4,173 dairy herds. a cow with a quarter milk sample in which dna of target species was detected in the pathoproof mastitis pc ... | 2017 | 28341052 |