Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| increased disease due to haemophilus influenzae type b: population-based surveillance in eastern gambia, 2008-2013. | in 1997, the gambia became the first african country to introduce conjugate haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) vaccine with good disease control through to 2010. | 2015 | 25879650 |
| corticosteroids for acute bacterial meningitis. | in experimental studies, the outcome of bacterial meningitis has been related to the severity of inflammation in the subarachnoid space. corticosteroids reduce this inflammatory response. | 2015 | 26362566 |
| serogroup a meningococcal conjugate vaccines in africa. | serogroup a meningococcal epidemics have been a recurrent public health problem, especially in resource-poor countries of africa. recently, the administration in mass vaccination campaigns of a single dose of the monovalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine, menafrivac, to the 1-29 year-old population of sub-saharan africa has prevented epidemics of meningitis caused by serogroup a neisseria meningitidis. this strategy has also been shown to provide herd protection of the non-vaccinated population ... | 2015 | 26358167 |
| hearing impairment after childhood bacterial meningitis dependent on etiology in luanda, angola. | childhood bacterial meningitis (bm) damages hearing, but the potential of different agents to cause impairment in developing countries is poorly understood. we compared the extent of hearing impairment in bm caused by haemophilus influenzae type b (hib), streptococcus pneumoniae or neisseria meningitidis among children aged 2 months to 13 years in luanda, angola. | 2015 | 26357930 |
| haemophilus influenzae with non-beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance: easy to find but hard to categorize. | haemophilus influenzae is a major pathogen, and beta-lactams are first-line drugs. resistance due to altered penicillin-binding protein 3 (rpbp3) is frequent, and susceptibility testing of such strains is challenging. a collection of 154 beta-lactamase-negative isolates with a large proportion of rpbp3 (67.5%) was used to evaluate and compare etest (haemophilus test medium [htm]) and disk diffusion (eucast method) for categorization of susceptibility to aminopenicillins and cefuroxime, using mic ... | 2015 | 26354813 |
| [efficacy and safety of clavulanic acid/amoxicillin (1: 14) dry syrup in the treatment of children with acute bacterial rhinosinusitis]. | to demonstrate clinical value of clavulanic acid/amoxicillin (cva/ampc) 1:14 combination dry syrup for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (abrs), the efficacy and safety were evaluated in a multicenter, open-label, uncontrolled study in 27 children with abrs. the proportion of subjects who were 'cured' at the test of cure as the primary endpoint was 88.5%. in subjects with a major pathogenic bacteria at baseline (i.e., streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis) bacte ... | 2015 | 26349117 |
| a longitudinal study of lung bacterial pathogens in patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia. | in patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia (pcd), impaired mucociliary clearance leads to an accumulation of secretions in the airways and susceptibility to repeated bacterial infections. the primary aim of this study was to investigate the bacterial flora in non-chronic and chronic infections in the lower airways of patients with pcd. we retrospectively reviewed the presence of bacteria from patients with pcd during an 11-year period and genotyped 35 pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from 12 pat ... | 2015 | 26341913 |
| vaccine hesitancy: causes, consequences, and a call to action. | vaccine hesitancy reflects concerns about the decision to vaccinate oneself or one's children. there is a broad range of factors contributing to vaccine hesitancy, including the compulsory nature of vaccines, their coincidental temporal relationships to adverse health outcomes, unfamiliarity with vaccine-preventable diseases, and lack of trust in corporations and public health agencies. although vaccination is a norm in the u.s. and the majority of parents vaccinate their children, many do so am ... | 2015 | 26337116 |
| [epiglottitis in adults in general practice: difficult to recognise and life-threatening]. | epiglottitis is a rare and life-threatening cause of acute sore throat. usually, epiglottitis is caused by a bacterium, such as haemophilus influenzae type b. symptoms of epiglottitis are acute and rapidly progressive sore throat, a hoarse voice, fever, and drooling. we present two adult patients with acute sore throat who were diagnosed with epiglottitis. in adults with symptoms compatible with epiglottitis, it is justified to look down the throat with a light. only if the view is impeded shoul ... | 2015 | 26332815 |
| ampicillin resistance of invasive haemophilus influenzae isolates in germany 2009-2012. | in this retrospective study covering a four-year observation period (2009-2012) the prevalence of aminopenicillin resistance of invasive haemophilus influenzae (hi) in germany was analyzed. the main resistance mechanism against aminopenicillins is conferred by β-lactamase production, which can be inhibited by clavulanate or sulbactam. apart from that, β-lactamase negative ampicillin resistance (blnar) has been reported due to mutations in the penicillin-binding protein pbp3. the prevalence of bl ... | 2015 | 26321008 |
| comment on: acquired macrolide resistance genes in haemophilus influenzae? | 2015 | 26318192 | |
| a review of guidance on immunization in persons with defective or deficient splenic function. | the spleen acts as a blood filter and lymphopoietic organ. asplenic and hyposplenic individuals are more susceptible to serious infections caused by encapsulated bacteria but they can be protected by antibiotic prophylaxis and immunizations. recent progress in vaccinology means prophylaxis is now successful in the vast majority of serious infections with pneumococci, meningococci and haemophilus influenzae type b responsible for the majority of cases of overwhelming sepsis in asplenic patients. ... | 2015 | 26315210 |
| [investigation of the protective effects of beta-d-glucan against invasive encapsulated streptococcus pneumoniae sepsis in splenectomized rats]. | in asplenic individuals depending on the weakness of the immune response, sepsis are known to be developed with a high mortality rate. the most common species which are responsible for sepsis are encapsulated bacteria such as streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and neisseria meningitidis. sepsis caused by immune deficiencies linked to splenectomy leads to infections particularly in the lungs and liver and causes multiple organ failure. on the other hand, -d-glucan (bdg), a branched ... | 2015 | 26313274 |
| [comparing the safety of vaccination on vastus lateralis muscle and deltoid muscle of infants with haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine]. | to compare the safety of haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) vaccine vaccination on vastus lateralis muscle and deltoid muscle of infant. | 2015 | 26310328 |
| hemophilus influenzae infections with abscess formation in adults: a retrospective study covering an eleven-year period. | the aim of this study was to investigate the presence of haemophilus influenzae in abscesses in adults and to determine their antibiotic resistance patterns. | 2015 | 26299087 |
| international collaborative study for establishment of the 2nd who international standard for haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide. | in this report we present the results of a collaborative study for the preparation and calibration of a replacement international standard (is) for haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide (polyribosyl ribitol phosphate; 5-d-ribitol-(1 → 1)-β-d-ribose-3-phosphate; prp). two candidate preparations were evaluated. thirteen laboratories from 9 different countries participated in the collaborative study to assess the suitability and determine the prp content of two candidate standards. on the ba ... | 2015 | 26298195 |
| reclassification of actinobacillus muris as muribacter muris gen. nov., comb. nov. | to reinvestigate the taxonomy of [actinobacillus] muris, 474 strains, mainly from mice and rats, were characterized by phenotype and 130 strains selected for genotypic characterization by 16s rrna and partial rpob gene sequencing. the type strain was further investigated by whole-genome sequencing. phylogenetic analysis of the dna sequences showed one monophyletic group with intragroup similarities of 96.7 and 97.2 % for the 16s rrna and rpob genes, respectively. the highest 16s rrna gene sequen ... | 2015 | 26296776 |
| effectiveness of the ten-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine against tympanostomy tube placements in a cluster-randomized trial. | we evaluated the impact of the new pneumococcal haemophilus influenzae protein d conjugate vaccine (phid-cv10, gsk vaccines) on tympanostomy tube placements (ttps). | 2015 | 26284652 |
| infected abdominal aortic aneurysm attributable to haemophilus influenzae: rapid changes of imaging findings. | 2015 | 26283604 | |
| robust vaccine responses in adult and pediatric cord blood transplantation recipients treated for hematologic malignancies. | because cord blood (cb) lacks memory t and b cells and recent decreases in herd immunity to vaccine-preventable diseases in many developed countries have been documented, vaccine responses in cb transplantation (cbt) survivors are of great interest. we analyzed vaccine responses in double-unit cbt recipients transplanted for hematologic malignancies. in 103 vaccine-eligible patients, graft-versus-host disease (gvhd) most commonly precluded vaccination. sixty-five patients (63%; engrafting units ... | 2015 | 26271191 |
| toddler with fever and grunting. | 2015 | 26407254 | |
| invasive disease caused by nontypeable haemophilus influenzae. | 2015 | 26407156 | |
| draft genome sequences of six nontypeable haemophilus influenzae strains that establish bacteremia in the infant rat model of invasive disease. | haemophilus influenzae is an important cause of invasive disease. the infant rat is the accepted model of invasive h. influenzae disease. here, we report the genome sequences of six nontypeable h. influenzae strains that establish bacteremia in the infant rat. | 2015 | 26404588 |
| phylogenetic relationship of non-typeable haemophilus influenzae isolated in malaysia. | the epidemiology of non-typeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) remains poorly understood. we therefore sought to determine the genetic relationship of 25 nthi isolated from various states in malaysia using multilocus sequence typing (mlst). the majority of isolates were obtained from sputum. there were 24 novel sequence types (sts). eight isolates were single-locus variants, the remainder being singletons. clustering was not based on clinical site of isolation or geographical origin. despite the ... | 2015 | 26394107 |
| antisera against certain conserved surface-exposed peptides of nontypeable haemophilus influenzae are protective. | nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) cause significant disease, including otitis media in children, exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and invasive disease in susceptible populations. no vaccine is currently available to prevent nthi disease. the interactions of nthi and the human host are primarily mediated by lipooligosaccharide and a complex array of surface-exposed proteins (seps) that act as receptors, sensors and secretion systems. we hypothesized that certain sep ... | 2015 | 26390432 |
| tem-1-encoding small plasmids impose dissimilar fitness costs on haemophilus influenzae and haemophilus parainfluenzae. | only two beta-lactamases, tem-1 and rob-1, have been observed in haemophilus influenzae, while four different tem but no rob enzymes have been found in haemophilus parainfluenzae. in order to investigate the mechanisms behind the dissemination of small beta-lactamase-encoding plasmids in h. influenzae and h. parainfluenzae, we assessed the fitness cost of three tem-1- (ppn223, pa1209, pa1606), one tem-15- (psf3) and one rob-1-bearing (pb1000) plasmid when expressed in either bacterial species. a ... | 2015 | 26385154 |
| progressive ventilation inhomogeneity in infants with cystic fibrosis after pulmonary infection. | measures of ventilation distribution are promising for monitoring early lung disease in cystic fibrosis (cf). this study describes the cross-sectional and longitudinal impacts of pulmonary inflammation and infection on ventilation homogeneity in infants with cf.infants diagnosed with cf underwent multiple breath washout (mbw) testing and bronchoalveolar lavage at three time points during the first 2 years of life.measures were obtained for 108 infants on 156 occasions. infants with a significant ... | 2015 | 26381521 |
| antibody responses after primary immunization in infants born to women receiving a pertussis-containing vaccine during pregnancy: single arm observational study with a historical comparator. | in england, antenatal pertussis immunization using a tetanus/low-dose diphtheria/5-component acellular-pertussis/inactivated-polio (tdap5/ipv) vaccine was introduced in october 2012. we assessed infant responses to antigens in the maternal vaccine and to those conjugated to tetanus (tt) or the diphtheria toxin variant, crm. | 2015 | 26374816 |
| five-year antibody persistence and safety after a single dose of combined haemophilus influenzae type b neisseria meningitidis serogroup c-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine in haemophilus influenzae type b-primed toddlers. | antibody persistence is evaluated in healthy australian children 4 and 5 years postvaccination with a single dose of combined haemophilus influenzae type b-neisseria meningitidis serogroup c tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine (hib-menc-tt) compared with separately administered hib-tt and menc-crm197 vaccines (hib + mcc). | 2015 | 26372451 |
| acquired macrolide resistance genes in haemophilus influenzae?-authors' response. | 2015 | 26369355 | |
| vaccination uptake by vaccine-hesitant parents attending a specialist immunization clinic in australia. | vaccine hesitancy (vh) is an issue of global concern. the quality of communication between healthcare providers and parents can influence parental immunization acceptance. we aimed to describe immunization uptake following specialist immunization clinic (sic) consultation for australian children of vh parents as a cohort, and according to pre-clinic parental position on immunization. at a single tertiary pediatric sic (rch, melbourne) a retrospective descriptive study classified vh families acco ... | 2015 | 26366978 |
| nasopharyngeal carriage and macrolide resistance in indigenous children with bronchiectasis randomized to long-term azithromycin or placebo. | although long-term azithromycin decreases exacerbation frequency in bronchiectasis, increased macrolide resistance is concerning. we investigated macrolide resistance determinants in a secondary analysis of a multicenter randomized controlled trial. indigenous australian children living in remote regions and urban new zealand māori and pacific islander children with bronchiectasis were randomized to weekly azithromycin (30 mg/kg) or placebo for up to 24 months and followed post-intervention for ... | 2015 | 26363637 |
| [contemporary conception of immune response activation mecha- nism by conjugated polysaccharide vaccines]. | vaccination remains the most effective method of control of spread of a whole range of infections of both viral and bacterial nature. many bacterial pathogens (streptococcus pneumoniae, neisseria meningitidis and haemophilus influenzae) carry polysaccharide capsule on the surface, that is one of the elements of protection from host organism immune system. at the same time, vaccination with bacteria exopolysaccharides (eps) ensures infection neutralization. effectiveness of such vaccine prophylax ... | 2015 | 26259279 |
| the effect of oral polio vaccine at birth on infant mortality: a randomized trial. | routine vaccines may have nonspecific effects on mortality. an observational study found that opv given at birth (opv0) was associated with increased male infant mortality. we investigated the effect of opv0 on infant mortality in a randomized trial in guinea-bissau. | 2015 | 26219694 |
| cigarette smoke-induced disruption of pulmonary barrier and bacterial translocation drive tumor-associated inflammation and growth. | microorganisms have an important role in tumorgenesis by the induction of inflammation and by a direct impact on tumor cells. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is associated with an increased risk for lung cancer and microbial colonization. we asked whether bacterial pathogens act as tumor promoters during cs-induced pulmonary inflammation. in a metastatic lung cancer (lc) model, lewis lung carcinoma (llc) cells were injected in mice to initiate the growth of tumors in the lung. expos ... | 2015 | 26209273 |
| platelet activating factor receptor: gateway for bacterial chronic airway infection in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and potential therapeutic target. | the authors established that cigarette smoke increases airway epithelial platelet activating factor receptor (pafr) expression and that pafr is markedly up-regulated in the lungs of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) patients. crucially, pafr is used by the two key bacterial species involved in chronic infection and acute exacerbations in copd, that is, streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae, as a receptor for lung epithelial colonization. the cognate adhesin of pafr, phos ... | 2015 | 26207607 |
| carriage of haemophilus influenzae is associated with pneumococcal vaccination in italian children. | the pneumococcal population changes observed after the implementation of children immunization with pneumococcal conjugative vaccines (pcv) might have affected the composition of the microbial flora inhabiting the same ecological niche of streptococcus pneumoniae. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pcv immunization, (pcv7 or pcv13), on s. pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae colonization in young children in italy. | 2015 | 26190092 |
| ampicillin-resistant haemophilus influenzae isolates in geneva: serotype, antimicrobial susceptibility, and β-lactam resistance mechanisms. | the purpose of this study was to analyze the molecular mechanisms of ampicillin-resistant haemophilus influenzae isolated in geneva, switzerland. we investigated the association between specific patterns of amino acid substitutions in penicillin-binding protein 3 (with or without β-lactamase production) and β-lactam susceptibility. another main focus for this study was to compare the accuracy of disk diffusion and etest methods to detect resistance to ampicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. ... | 2015 | 26187432 |
| morphological changes in the tympanic membrane associated with haemophilus influenzae-induced acute otitis media in the chinchilla. | the tympanic membrane (tm) couples sound waves entering the outer ear canal to mechanical vibrations of the ossicular chain in the middle ear. during acute otitis media (aom), dynamic structural changes in the tm can occur, which potentially affect sound transmission. it has remained unclear whether tm changes contribute significantly to the conductive hearing loss associated with human aom. studies that systematically and quantitatively assess the impact of morphological and mechanical characte ... | 2015 | 26183006 |
| [susceptibilities of bacteria isolated from patients with lower respiratory infectious diseases to antibacterial agents (2011)]. | from october 2011 to september 2012, we collected the specimen from 316 patients with lower respiratory tract infections in 16 institutions in japan, and investigated the susceptibilities of isolated bacteria to various antibacterial agents and patients' characteristics. all of 357 strains that were isolated from specimen (mainly from sputum) and assumed to be bacteria causing in infection, were examined. the isolated bacteria were: staphylococcus aureus 51, streptococcus pneumoniae 73, haemophi ... | 2015 | 26182814 |
| [susceptibilities of bacteria isolated from patients with lower respiratory infectious diseases to antibacterial agents (2010)]. | from october 2010 to september 2011, we collected the specimen from 361 patients with lower respiratory tract infections in 16 institutions in japan, and investigated the susceptibilities of isolated bacteria to various antibacterial agents and patients' characteristics. all of 399 strains that were isolated from specimen (mainly from sputum) and assumed to be bacteria causing in infection, were examined. the isolated bacteria were: staphylococcus aureus 70, streptococcus pneumoniae 65, haemophi ... | 2015 | 26182813 |
| how to make a non-antigenic protein (auto) antigenic: molecular complementarity alters antigen processing and activates adaptive-innate immunity synergy. | evidence is reviewed that complementary proteins and peptides form complexes with increased antigenicity and/or autoimmunogenicity. five case studies are highlighted: 1) diphtheria toxin-antitoxin (antibody), which induces immunity to the normally non-antigenic toxin, and autoimmune neuritis; 2) tryptophan peptide of myelin basic protein and muramyl dipeptide ("adjuvant peptide"), which form a complex that induces experimental allergic encephalomyelitis; 3) an insulin and glucagon complex that i ... | 2015 | 26179268 |
| secreted mucins and airway bacterial colonization in non-cf bronchiectasis. | secreted mucins play a key role in antibacterial defence in the airway, but have not previously been characterized in non-cystic fibrosis (cf) bronchiectasis patients. we aim to investigate the relationship between secreted mucins levels and the presence of bacterial colonization due to potentially pathogenic microorganisms (ppm) in the airways of stable bronchiectasis patients. | 2015 | 26172851 |
| association of β-lactam-sensitive haemophilus influenzae type b with adenoid biofilm formation in patients with adenoidectomy surgery. | chronic adenoid infection by β-lactam-resistant haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) and biofilm formation contribute to adenoid hyperplasia. middle ear disease consequently remains a critical issue in the pediatric population. the aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of hib biofilm formation with middle ear effusion with adenoid hyperplasia (mee-ah) and with pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (osa). | 2015 | 26171604 |
| glycans as vaccine antigens and adjuvants: immunological considerations. | carbohydrates can be found on the cell surface of nearly every cell ranging from bacteria to fungi right up to mammalian cells. carbohydrates and their interactions with carbohydrate-binding proteins play crucial roles in multiple biological processes including immunity, homeostasis, cellular communication, cell migration, and the regulation of serum glycoprotein levels. in the last decades, the interest in exploiting the biological activity of glycans as vaccine components has considerably incr ... | 2015 | 26169732 |
| carbohydrate-based vaccines: an overview. | vaccination is one of the key developments in the fight against infectious diseases. it is based on the principle that immunization with pathogen-derived antigens provides protection from the respective infection by inducing an antigen-specific immune response. the discovery by avery and heidelberger in the 1920s that capsular polysaccharides (cps) from streptococcus pneumoniae are immunoreactive was the starting point of the development of carbohydrate-based vaccines. cps-specific neutralizing ... | 2015 | 26169731 |
| comparative genome analysis identifies novel nucleic acid diagnostic targets for use in the specific detection of haemophilus influenzae. | haemophilus influenzae is recognised as an important human pathogen associated with invasive infections, including bloodstream infection and meningitis. currently used molecular-based diagnostic assays lack specificity in correctly detecting and identifying h. influenzae. as such, there is a need to develop novel diagnostic assays for the specific identification of h. influenzae. whole genome comparative analysis was performed to identify putative diagnostic targets, which are unique in nucleoti ... | 2015 | 26166209 |
| distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of bacteria from adults with community-acquired pneumonia or complicated skin and soft tissue infections in france: the nationwide french premium study. | the empirical therapy of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) and complicated skin and soft tissue infections (csstis) must be based on updated bacterial distribution and susceptibility data. a nationwide study consecutively collected 1288 isolates from cap (n=467) and csstis (n=821) from 18 french hospitals between 2012 and 2013. the mic values of commonly used antimicrobial agents, including ceftaroline, were determined. bacterial distribution featured pneumococcus, haemophilus influenzae, and s ... | 2015 | 26166208 |
| safety and immunogenicity of a candidate bioconjugate vaccine against shigella dysenteriae type 1 administered to healthy adults: a single blind, partially randomized phase i study. | shigellae cause severe disease in endemic countries, especially in children. several efficacy trials have been conducted with candidate vaccines against shigellae, but the lack of protection, the safety concerns, or manufacturing challenges hindered successful market approval. conjugated vaccines have been shown to be safe and effective for different pathogens (i.e., neisseria meningitidis, shigella pneumonia, haemophilus influenzae). the bio-conjugation technology, exploited here for the shigel ... | 2015 | 26162850 |
| catching-up with pentavalent vaccine: exploring reasons behind lower rotavirus vaccine coverage in el salvador. | rotavirus vaccine was introduced in el salvador in 2006 and is recommended to be given concomitantly with dtp-hepb-haemophilus influenzae type b (pentavalent) vaccine at ages 2 months (upper age limit 15 weeks) and 4 months (upper age limit 8 months) of age. however, rotavirus vaccination coverage continues to lag behind that of pentavalent vaccine, even in years when national rotavirus vaccine stock-outs have not occurred. we analyzed factors associated with receipt of oral rotavirus vaccine am ... | 2015 | 26263200 |
| associations between viral and bacterial potential pathogens in the nasopharynx of children with and without respiratory symptoms. | nasopharyngeal (np) bacterial colonization is necessary for subsequent respiratory and/or invasive infection. our study aimed at comparing np bacterial colonization rates between children with and without symptoms of an acute viral respiratory tract infection and examining associations between identified microorganisms. | 2015 | 26262821 |
| phosphocholine-modified macromolecules and canonical nicotinic agonists inhibit atp-induced il-1β release. | il-1β is a potent proinflammatory cytokine of the innate immune system that is involved in host defense against infection. however, increased production of il-1β plays a pathogenic role in various inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout, sepsis, stroke, and transplant rejection. to prevent detrimental collateral damage, il-1β release is tightly controlled and typically requires two consecutive danger signals. lps from gram-negative bacteria is a prototypical first signal induci ... | 2015 | 26202987 |
| vaccinations in sickle cell disease: an audit of vaccination uptake in sickle cell patients attending newham university hospital. | to assess the level of adherence of patients with sickle cell disease to the advised vaccination schedule with respect to the sickle cell society guidelines on vaccination [1,2]. | 2015 | 26151544 |
| an atypical presentation of a typical pulmonary pathogen in an immunosuppressed patient. | we describe a case of a 38-year-old, hiv-positive asthmatic man with a history of intravenous methamphetamine substance misuse who presented with worsening dyspnoea, wheeze, productive cough without haemoptysis and deteriorating exercise tolerance. his chest x-ray was clear and subsequent ct scanning demonstrated multilobar, patchy consolidation and ground glass change in the lung parenchyma. his cd4 count was 864 cells/mm(3) (n=500-1500 cells/mm(3)) and viral load 863 iu/ml. our primary diagnos ... | 2015 | 26150634 |
| nasopharyngeal bacterial burden and antibiotics: influence on inflammatory markers and disease severity in infants with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | animal studies suggest that rsv increases nasopharyngeal (np) bacterial colonization facilitating bacterial infections. we investigated the influence of antibiotic treatment and colonization with potentially pathogenic bacteria on inflammatory markers and disease severity in rsv-infected in infants. | 2015 | 26149186 |
| the role of latex agglutination test for the etiological diagnosis of pleural effusion in children and adolescents. | the etiological diagnosis of pleural effusion is a difficult task because the diagnostic tools can only establish a definitive etiological diagnosis in at most 76% of cases. | 2015 | 26148910 |
| bacteremia in children: epidemiology, clinical diagnosis and antibiotic treatment. | the diagnosis of bacteremia in children is important and it can be clinically challenging to recognize the signs and symptoms. the reported rates of bacteremia are higher in young children but with the increasing vaccine coverage, there has been a decrease in bacteremia due to the three vaccine preventable bacteria (streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae group b and neisseria meningitidis). notably, there have been increases in healthcare-associated bacteremias with a rise in staphyloc ... | 2015 | 26143645 |
| children hospitalized due to acute otitis media: how does this condition differ from acute mastoiditis? | to evaluate the clinical picture and microbiological findings of children hospitalized due to acute otitis media and to analyze how it differs from acute mastoiditis. | 2015 | 26141864 |
| epidemiology of infectious meningitis in the state of amazonas, brazil. | in the state of amazonas, particularly in the capital manaus, meningitis has affected populations of different cultures and social strata over the years. bacterial meningitis is caused by several different species and represents a major issue of public health importance. the present study reports the meningitis case numbers with different etiologies in amazonas from january 1976 to december 2012. | 2015 | 26061374 |
| pneumonia prevention during a humanitarian emergency: cost-effectiveness of haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in somalia. | pneumonia is a leading cause of death among children less than five years old during humanitarian emergencies. haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) and streptococcus pneumoniae are the leading causes of bacterial pneumonia. vaccines for both of these pathogens are available to prevent pneumonia. problem this study describes an economic analysis from a publicly funded health care system perspective performed on a birth cohort in somalia, a country that has experienced a protracted humanitarian eme ... | 2015 | 26061190 |
| impact of haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) and viral influenza vaccinations in pregnancy for improving maternal, neonatal and infant health outcomes. | infections during pregnancy confers increased risk of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. however, the case for advocating haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) and viral influenza vaccinations in pregnancy is still debatable. | 2015 | 26059051 |
| impact of bacterial coinfection on clinical outcomes in pneumococcal pneumonia. | the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of bacterial coinfection on patients with pneumococcal pneumonia. we retrospectively analyzed the incidence, clinical features, microbial distributions, and outcomes of patients with bacterial coinfection in a cohort of 433 hospitalized patients with pneumococcal pneumonia. eighty-five patients (19.6 %) were diagnosed with bacterial coinfection; the most frequent pathogens were haemophilus influenzae (25 patients, 33.3 %), methicillin-suscep ... | 2015 | 26059041 |
| cost-effectiveness of haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine in vietnam. | with gavi support, vietnam introduced haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) vaccine in 2010 without evidence on cost-effectiveness. we aimed to analyze the cost-effectiveness of hib vaccine from societal and governmental perspectives. | 2015 | 26044493 |
| il-17a and the promotion of neutrophilia in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) causes acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (aecopd). il-17a is central for neutrophilic inflammation and has been linked to copd pathogenesis. | 2015 | 26039632 |
| molecular detection of genomic islands associated with class 1 and 2 integron in haemophilus influenzae isolated in iran. | high levels of multidrug resistance are usually associated with mobile genetic elements that encode specific resistance genes. integrons are important genetic elements involved in spreading antibiotic multi-resistance. in special cases, large exogenous segments in bacterial genomes form genomic islands, and one of the functions of these genomic islands is antibiotic resistance. due to geographical heterogeneity in antibiotic resistance pattern, it is mandatory to determine resistance patterns th ... | 2015 | 26034545 |
| blood culture in evaluation of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | current guidelines strongly recommend collection of blood cultures (bcs) in children requiring hospitalization for presumed moderate to severe bacterial community-acquired pneumonia (cap). our objective was to systematically review the international pediatric literature to evaluate how often bcs are positive in hospitalized children with cap, identify the most commonly isolated pathogens, and determine the impact of positive bcs on clinical management. | 2015 | 26034164 |
| volatile organic compounds generated by cultures of bacteria and viruses associated with respiratory infections. | respiratory infections (ri) can be viral or bacterial in origin. in either case, the invasion of the pathogen results in production and release of various volatile organic compounds (vocs). the present study examines the vocs released from cultures of five viruses (influenza a, influenza b, adenovirus, respiratory syncitial virus and parainfluenza 1 virus), three bacteria (moraxella catarrhalis, haemophilus influenzae and legionella pneumophila) and mycoplasma pneumoniae isolated colonies. our r ... | 2015 | 26033043 |
| [new ideas on the therapeutic effect of a combination of vaccines against pneumococcal, haemophilus influenzae type b infection, and influenza in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]. | to estimate the indicators of the therapeutic effect of combination vaccination against pneumococcal, haemophilus influenzae type b infection, and influenza in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). | 2015 | 26027235 |
| structural analysis of substrate, reaction intermediate, and product binding in haemophilus influenzae biotin carboxylase. | acetyl-coa carboxylase catalyzes the first and regulated step in fatty acid synthesis. in most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, the enzyme is composed of three proteins: biotin carboxylase, a biotin carboxyl carrier protein (bccp), and carboxyltransferase. the reaction mechanism involves two half-reactions with biotin carboxylase catalyzing the atp-dependent carboxylation of biotin-bccp in the first reaction. in the second reaction, carboxyltransferase catalyzes the transfer of the carb ... | 2015 | 26020841 |
| therapeutic transcutaneous immunization with a band-aid vaccine resolves experimental otitis media. | transcutaneous immunization (tci) is a noninvasive strategy to induce protective immune responses. we describe tci with a band-aid vaccine placed on the postauricular skin to exploit the unique organization of the stratum corneum and to promote the development of immune responses to resolve active experimental otitis media due to nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi). this therapeutic immunization strategy induced significantly earlier resolution of middle ear fluid and rapid eradication of ... | 2015 | 26018536 |
| impaired antigen-specific immune response to vaccines in children with antibody production defects. | the impaired synthesis of antigen-specific antibodies, which is indispensable for an adaptive immune response to infections, is a fundamental pathomechanism that leads to clinical manifestations in children with antibody production defects. the aim of this study was to evaluate the synthesis of antigen-specific antibodies following immunization in relation to peripheral blood b cell subsets in young children with hypogammaglobulinemia. twenty-two children, aged from 8 to 61 months, with a defici ... | 2015 | 26018535 |
| frequency of spontaneous resistance to peptide deformylase inhibitor gsk1322322 in haemophilus influenzae, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes, and streptococcus pneumoniae. | the continuous emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria is compromising the successful treatment of serious microbial infections. gsk1322322, a novel peptide deformylase (pdf) inhibitor, shows good in vitro antibacterial activity and has demonstrated safety and efficacy in human proof-of-concept clinical studies. in vitro studies were performed to determine the frequency of resistance (for) to this antimicrobial agent in major pathogens that cause respiratory tract and skin infection ... | 2015 | 26014938 |
| nonencapsulated streptococcus pneumoniae causes otitis media during single-species infection and during polymicrobial infection with nontypeable haemophilus influenzae. | streptococcus pneumoniae strains lacking capsular polysaccharide have been increasingly reported in carriage and disease contexts. since most cases of otitis media involve more than one bacterial species, we aimed to determine the capacity of a nonencapsulated s. pneumoniae clinical isolate to induce disease in the context of a single-species infection and as a polymicrobial infection with nontypeable haemophilus influenzae. using the chinchilla model of otitis media, we found that nonencapsulat ... | 2015 | 26014114 |
| nationwide surveillance of 6 otorhinolaryngological infectious diseases and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in the isolated pathogens in japan. | the japanese three academic societies joint antimicrobial susceptibility surveillance committee has conducted a nationwide surveillance on antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and rates of isolation in 6 otolaryngological diseases. the surveillance program was conducted in the otorhinolaryngological departments of 29 universities, and their 26 affiliated hospitals. patients suffering from acute otitis media, chronic otitis media, acute nasal sinusitis, chronic nasal sinusitis, acute tonsillitis ... | 2015 | 26004175 |
| [quality of immunization data in children aged 0 to 11 months in côte d’ivoire]. | in order to guide the decisions of programme managers, an immunization data quality self-assessment was performed in côte d’ivoire in 2012. this study was designed to assess the accuracy of immunization data and the quality of the immunization tracking system with this tool. | 2015 | 26414040 |
| the costs and effectiveness of large phase iii pre-licensure vaccine clinical trials. | prior to the 1980s, most vaccines were licensed based upon safety and effectiveness studies in several hundred individuals. beginning with the evaluation of haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines, much larger pre-licensure trials became common. the pre-licensure trial for haemophilus influenzae oligosaccharide conjugate vaccine had more than 60,000 children and that of the seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine included almost 38,000 children. although trial sizes for both of thes ... | 2015 | 26414015 |
| [the national nutrient medium for diagnostic of purulent bacterial meningitis]. | the national growth mediums were developed for isolating and cultivating of main agents of purulent bacterial meningitis--haemophilus agar, chocolate agar, pbm-agar. the growing and selective characteristics of developed growth mediums are examined. the haemophilus agar ensures growth of haemophilus influenzae. the chocolate agar, pbm-agar ensure growth of neisseria meningitidis, streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae. by growing characteristics, the national growth mediums match fo ... | 2015 | 26470444 |
| antibiotic resistance of streptococcus pneumoniae in children with acute otitis media treatment failure. | the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a major cause of treatment failure in children with acute otitis media (aom). this study aimed to analyze the types of bacterial strains in fluid isolated from the middle ear of children with aom who did not respond to oral antibiotic treatment. we also determined the antibiotic resistance of the most frequently isolated bacterial strain (streptococcus pneumoniae) found in these children. | 2015 | 26454530 |
| bacterial exploitation of phosphorylcholine mimicry suppresses inflammation to promote airway infection. | regulation of neutrophil activity is critical for immune evasion among extracellular pathogens, yet the mechanisms by which many bacteria disrupt phagocyte function remain unclear. here, we have shown that the respiratory pathogen streptococcus pneumoniae disables neutrophils by exploiting molecular mimicry to degrade platelet-activating factor (paf), a host-derived inflammatory phospholipid. using mass spectrometry and murine upper airway infection models, we demonstrated that phosphorylcholine ... | 2015 | 26426079 |
| granulomatous-lymphocytic interstitial lung disease and recurrent sinopulmonary infections in a patient with good's syndrome. | good's syndrome is a rare primary immunodeficiency associated with adult thymoma. complications are mainly autoimmune manifestations and recurrent infections with encapsulated bacteria. only one possible case of combined granulomatous-lymphocytic interstitial lung disease (gl-ild) and good's syndrome have been described earlier, but the patient died at the time of diagnosis. this is the first case of gl-ild in good's syndrome with a successful outcome. we present a case of a 43-year-old man with ... | 2015 | 26424818 |
| the clinical presentation of acute bacterial meningitis varies with age, sex and duration of illness. | this swedish study reviewed differences in clinical presentation and laboratory findings of acute bacterial meningitis in children aged one month to 17 years in västerbotten county, sweden. | 2015 | 26421681 |
| pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of peptide deformylase inhibitor gsk1322322 against streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and staphylococcus aureus in rodent models of infection. | gsk1322322 is a novel inhibitor of peptide deformylase (pdf) with good in vitro activity against bacteria associated with community-acquired pneumonia and skin infections. we have characterized the in vivo pharmacodynamics (pd) of gsk1322322 in immunocompetent animal models of infection with streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae (mouse lung model) and with staphylococcus aureus (rat abscess model) and determined the pharmacokinetic (pk)/pd index that best correlates with efficacy a ... | 2015 | 26482300 |
| the outcome of h. influenzae and s. pneumoniae inter-species interactions depends on ph, nutrient availability and growth phase. | haemophilus influenzae and streptococcus pneumoniae exist together as common commensals of the healthy human nasopharynx, but both are important aetiological agents of different diseases, including the paediatric disease otitis media. it was recently shown that the formation of a multispecies biofilm of h. influenzae and s. pneumoniae is the cause of chronic forms of otitis media. however, the interactions between the two species are not clearly defined. using a defined and kinetic analysis, our ... | 2015 | 26481153 |
| haemophilus influenzae isolates survive for up to 20 years at -70 °c in skim milk tryptone glucose glycerol broth (stggb) if thawing is avoided during re-culture. | haemophilus influenzae remains a major cause of disease worldwide requiring continued study. recently, isolates of streptococcus pneumoniae and moraxella catarrhalis, but not h. influenzae, were reported to survive long-term ultra-freeze storage in stggb. we show that nontypeable h. influenzae isolates survive for up to 20 years when thawing is avoided. | 2015 | 26477641 |
| modelling the impact of vaccination on curtailing haemophilus influenzae serotype 'a'. | haemophilus influenzae serotype a (hia) is a human-restricted bacterial pathogen transmitted via direct contacts with an infectious individual. currently, there is no vaccine available for prevention of hia, and the disease is treated with antibiotics upon diagnosis. with ongoing efforts for the development of an anti-hia protein-polysaccharide conjugated vaccine, we sought to investigate the effect of vaccination on curtailing hia infection. we present the first stochastic model of hia transmis ... | 2015 | 26453974 |
| budesonide inhibits intracellular infection with non-typeable haemophilus influenzae despite its anti-inflammatory effects in respiratory cells and human lung tissue: a role for p38 map kinase. | inhaled corticosteroids (ics) are widely used in the treatment of obstructive lung diseases. recent data suggest a higher pneumonia risk in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) patients treated with ics. | 2015 | 26452008 |
| carriage of haemophilus influenzae in the oropharynx of young children and molecular epidemiology of the isolates after fifteen years of h. influenzae type b vaccination in italy. | haemophilus influenzae is an important pathogen able to cause a wide spectrum of diseases in children. colonization of the upper respiratory tract is a risk factor for developing disease. this study aimed to investigate the oropharyngeal carriage rate of h. influenzae in young children in two italian cities, 15 years after h. influenzae type b (hib) vaccination was introduced. antibiotic resistant traits and genotypes of the colonizing h. influenzae isolates were investigated. | 2015 | 26440924 |
| vitek ms matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry for identifying respiratory bacterial pathogens: a fast and efficient method. | mass spectrometry has become a reference resource for identifying microorganisms in clinical microbiology services. one hundred and fifty one clinical isolates were selected from respiratory specimens routinely identified as streptococcus pneumoniae (43), haemophilus influenzae (64) and moraxella catarrhalis (44). these identifications were compared with other phenotypical methods and mass spectrometry (maldi-tof-ms vitek). result discrepancies were assessed by 16s rrna sequencing. thirty-eight ... | 2015 | 26437754 |
| viral and bacterial etiology of severe acute respiratory illness among children < 5 years of age without influenza in niger. | globally, pneumonia is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children, with the highest burden experienced in sub-saharan africa and asia. however, there is a dearth of information on the etiology of severe acute respiratory illness (sari) in africa, including niger. | 2015 | 26567015 |
| [a 1-year-old girl in whom nontypeable haemophilus influenzae was isolated from her blood after completion of h. influenzae type b vaccine--importance of serotyping of invasive of h. influenzae strain]. | 2015 | 26554227 | |
| [analysis of non-serotype b encapsulated haemophilus influenzae isolated from pediatric patients]. | we analyzed non-serotype b encapsulated haemophilus influenzae (non-b hi) isolated from pediatric patients at chiba children's hospital during 2000-2012. among 3,532 clinical isolates of h. influenzae, there were 57 (1.6%) strains of non-b hi, 152 (4.3%) of serotype b h. influenzae (hib), and 3,323 (94.1%) of non-typeable h. influenzae (nthi). fifty-seven strains of non-b hi were serotyped useing the slide agglutination test and pcr. twenty-nine strains were identified as type e (hie) and 28 as ... | 2015 | 26552120 |
| twenty years of bacterial genome sequencing. | twenty years ago, the publication of the first bacterial genome sequence, from haemophilus influenzae, shook the world of bacteriology. in this timeline, we review the first two decades of bacterial genome sequencing, which have been marked by three revolutions: whole-genome shotgun sequencing, high-throughput sequencing and single-molecule long-read sequencing. we summarize the social history of sequencing and its impact on our understanding of the biology, diversity and evolution of bacteria, ... | 2015 | 26548914 |
| [nasopharyngeal hib carriage among healthy children attending daycare centers in yokohama after one year of a publicly funded vaccine program]. | yokohama city started a regular, free vaccine program for haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) from february of 2011. this study was completed to verify the effectiveness of the vaccine on the nasopharyngeal hib carriage among healthy children attending daycare centers in the isogo area. the research was conducted during the late spring (jun--jul) and fall (oct-nov) of 2012. there was a significant decrease in the hib carriage rate (spring 8.8%, fall 1.6%). during this period there was no increas ... | 2015 | 26548294 |
| bronchiectasis diagnosed after renal transplantation: a retrospective multicenter study. | bronchiectasis is characterized by abnormal, permanent and irreversible dilatation of the bronchi, usually responsible for daily symptoms and frequent respiratory complications. many causes have been identified, but only limited data are available concerning the association between bronchiectasis and renal transplantation. | 2015 | 26545860 |
| evaluation of the effectiveness of the 2008 postsplenectomy vaccination joint theater trauma system clinical practice guideline. | postsplenectomy vaccination (psv) in an austere environment to minimize overwhelming postsplenectomy infection is challenging. we evaluated the clinical impact of a march 2008 clinical practice guideline (cpg) dictating immediate psv at north american treaty organization role 3 medical treatment facilities and subsequent complications. | 2015 | 26540709 |
| evaluation of haemophilus influenzae type b carrier status among children 10 years after the introduction of hib vaccine in brazil. | the aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) nasopharyngeal (np) colonisation among healthy children where hib vaccination using a 3p+0 dosing schedule has been routinely administered for 10 years with sustained coverage (> 90%). np swabs were collected from 2,558 children who had received the hib vaccine, of whom 1,379 were 12-< 24 months (m) old and 1,179 were 48-< 60 m old. hi strains were identified by molecular methods. hi carriage prevale ... | 2015 | 26517654 |
| tem-1 and rob-1 presence and antimicrobial resistance in haemophilus influenzae strains, istanbul, turkey. | resistance of 235 haemophilus influenzae clinical isolates from istanbul medical faculty hospital, turkey were determined against 19 antibiotics by disc diffusion method, and minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of those found resistant to ampicillin, cefuroxim, chloramphenicol and meropenem were measured using e-test. ampicillin-resistant isolates producing beta-lactamase as demonstrated by a nitrocefin assay were analyzed for the presence of tem-1 and rob-1 genes by pcr. eleven percent of ... | 2015 | 26513928 |
| middle ear response of muc5ac and muc5b mucins to nontypeable haemophilus influenzae. | chronic otitis media with effusion is characterized by middle ear secretion of mucin glycoproteins, predominantly muc5b; muc5ac, the other secretory mucin studied frequently, has also been identified in the middle ear. emerging evidence suggests a dichotomous role for these mucins in innate immune responses. we hypothesized that muc5ac is an acute responder and muc5b is expressed at later time points, reflecting a chronic situation. | 2015 | 26512766 |
| [the clinical picture and specific microbiological features of acute otitis media]. | the objective of the present work was to study the spectrum of bacterial pathogenic agents responsible for the development of acute otitis media under present conditions and to elucidate the relationship between the pathogen species and the clinical course of the inflammatory process in the middle ear. a total of 60 patients of either sex at the age varying from 18 to 64 patients were available for the examination. all of them complained of ear pain, purulent discharge from the ears, hearing imp ... | 2015 | 26525323 |
| etiology and outcome of diffuse acute infectious bronchiolitis in adults. | the etiology and outcome of diffuse acute infectious bronchiolitis (daib) in adults is not well known. | 2015 | 26524622 |