Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| cloning and sequences of beta-actin genes from rhodeus notatus and the silver carp hypophthalmichthys molitrix (cyprinidae) and the phylogeny of cyprinid fishes inferred from beta-actin genes. | complete beta-actin genes from rhodeus notatus and hypophthalmichthys molitrix (silver carp) were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and cloned into pcrii vector for further characterization. the beta-actin genes of these two fishes were 1718 and 1755 bp in sequence length, respectively, and both of them contained 5 exons and 4 introns. the exon and intron boundaries were identified with the gt/ag rule. the phylogenetic implications of beta-actin gene in the family cyprinidae were shortly di ... | 2002 | 12391726 |
| haematology and some blood chemical parameters of young carp till the age of three years. | haematological and biochemical analyses of blood were performed in carp (cyprinus carpio l.) kept in small ponds. caught and anaesthetised carp were clinically examined and blood samples were taken at regular intervals during the three years. in the first year of examinations, the haemoglobin and haematocrit values of carp fry significantly increased (p < 0.01) from june to september. the intensive growth of carp in the summer period in the second year was accompanied by adequate erythropoiesis. ... | 2002 | 12498150 |
| suppression by zinc of transient off responses of carp amacrine cells to red light is mediated by gaba(a) receptors. | modulation by zn(2+) of on and off responses of transient amacrine cells driven by red- and green-sensitive cones was investigated in isolated, superfused carp retina, using intracellular recording techniques. zn(2+) selectively abolished the off response to red flash of the transient amacrine cells. this zn(2+) effect was mimicked by gaba application and was blocked by bicuculline, indicating the involvement of gaba(a) receptors. such differential modulation was observable neither in bipolar ce ... | 2002 | 12468048 |
| purification of two types of gonadotropin receptors from carp ovarian follicles: overlapping recognition by two different ligands. | teleostean gonadotropin receptors were solubilized from the plasma membrane preparation of carp ovarian follicles by lithium diiodosalicylate and triton x-100. solubilization resulted fourfold increase in gth binding activity as compared to the crude plasma membrane preparation. an addition of 25% glycerol and protease inhibitors to the solubilized receptor retained more than 90% original activity at -20 degrees c for 30 days. gel filtration through sephadex g 100 significantly increased the spe ... | 2002 | 12460599 |
| a new method for fish leucocyte counting and partial differentiation by flow cytometry. | a simple and rapid method for analysis of fish blood cells is presented. carp (cyprinus carpio) blood was diluted 200 times with hanks' solution containing 1 microg/ml of dioc6(3) which is a fluorescent, lipophilic dye. after staining for 10 min, the blood cells were measured by a flow cytometer (facs). several blood cell populations were identified by different fl-1 (green fluorescence), fsc (forward scatter), and ssc (side scatter) properties. fl-1 v. ssc or fsc v. ssc dot-plot of stained bloo ... | 2002 | 12458744 |
| regulation of growth hormone release in common carp pituitary cells by pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide: signal transduction involves camp- and calcium-dependent mechanisms. | pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (pacap) is a member of the glucagon/secretin peptide family and its molecular structure is highly conserved among vertebrates. in this study, the role of pacap in regulating growth hormone (gh) secretion in fish was examined in vitro using common carp pituitary cells under column perifusion. a dose-dependent increase in gh release was observed after exposing pituitary cells to increasing doses of ovine pacap38 (opacap38) and pacap27 (opacap27), ... | 2002 | 12457043 |
| different effects of low ca2+ on signal transmission from rods and cones to bipolar cells in carp retina. | modulation of signal transmission from rods, red-sensitive (r-) and green-sensitive (g-) cones to bipolar cells by lowering extracellular ca(2+) was studied in the isolated superfused carp retina using intracellular recording techniques. low ca(2+) (nominally ca(2+)-free) potentiated light responses of rod dominant on bipolar cells (rod-on-bcs). on the other hand, responses of cone dominant on bipolar cells (cone-on-bcs) driven by g-cones were dramatically decreased whereas those driven by r-con ... | 2002 | 12443989 |
| endocrine effects of sublethal exposure to persistent organic pollutants (pops) on silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix). | silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix) samples were collected from five selected sites that represent diverse levels of downgraded persistent organic pollutants (pops) contamination in ya-er lake in october 1999. hepatic ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (erod) and udp glucuronosyltransferase (udpgt) activities, hepatosomatic index (hsi), hepatic retinoids, serum thyroid hormones were measured. it was found that hepatic retinol and serum free 3,5,3'- tetraiodothyronine (ft3) significantly increase ... | 2002 | 12442791 |
| reproductive medicine in koi (cyprinus carpio). | each year more veterinarians are seeing ornamental fish patients and our knowledge of how to manage the pet fish patient is increasing at a rapid pace. a large percentage of these patients are nishikigoi (cyprinus carpio) which are taxonomically an ornamental carp. in this country and in many parts of the world we refer to these fish as koi. reproductive medicine problems are well documented in koi and a thorough knowledge of this subject will aid the fish practitioner in diagnosis and treatment ... | 2002 | 12442718 |
| the role of desaturases in cold-induced lipid restructuring. | all organisms respond to environmental challenge by adaptive responses, although, in many cases, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not understood. in the case of membranes, the physical structure of membrane phospholipids is conserved in the face of cold, rigidifying conditions by the elevated proportions of unsaturated fatty acids. we have observed a clear positional specificity in this substitution and head group preferences in carp liver membranes. we have also demonstrated changes in t ... | 2002 | 12440978 |
| electrospray ionisation mass spectrometric analysis of lipid restructuring in the carp (cyprinus carpio l.) during cold acclimation. | cold acclimation of carp from 30 degrees c to 10 degrees c causes a restructuring of liver microsomal phospholipids characterised by increased proportions of monounsaturated fatty acid in phosphatidylcholine (pc) and phosphatidylethanolamine (pe). here, we have used electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (esi-ms) to determine the patterns of alteration to individual molecular species compositions of pc, pe and phosphatidylinositol (pi) in response to gradually decreasing temperature. the resu ... | 2002 | 12432020 |
| stress adaptation, cortisol and pubertal development in the male common carp, cyprinus carpio. | this paper reviews a series of recent studies on the effect of adaptation to chronic stress on pubertal development in the common carp. in pre-pubertal male common carp adaptation to temperature stress caused a retardation of testicular development. stress-induced delay of the first wave of spermatogenesis could be prevented by treatment with a cortisol antagonist, indicating that the stress effect is mediated by cortisol. chronically elevated cortisol levels affected all parts of the brain-pitu ... | 2002 | 12431803 |
| comparisons of pbde composition and concentration in fish collected from the detroit river, mi and des plaines river, il. | polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) were identified in fish collected from the detroit river, mi and des plaines rivers, il. in the detroit river fish, carp and large mouth bass, the congener patterns were dominated by the 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromo (bde-47) congener, however, in des plaines river carp the dominant isomers were the heptabromo congeners bde-181 and bde-183 and lesser amounts of another heptabromo congener, bde-190, and two hexabromo congeners, bde-154 and bde-153. three possible sou ... | 2002 | 12431009 |
| nitric oxide controls the light adaptive chromatic difference in receptive field size of h1 horizontal cell network in carp retina. | in carp retina, the receptive field size of the h1-type horizontal cell (hc) network is known to be chromatically selective, as electrophysiological signals are generated by short-wavelength (sw) light stimuli, which spread much less than those for long-wavelength (lw). we have shown previously that the signalling mechanism underlying this chromatic difference operates only in the light-adapted retina and that it involves cgmp as an intermediary messenger. in the present study, the possible role ... | 2002 | 12428137 |
| myosin heavy chain expression in cranial, pectoral fin, and tail muscle regions of zebrafish embryos. | to investigate whether different myosin heavy chain (mhc) isoforms may constitute myofibrils in the trunk and tail musculature and if their respective expression may be regulated by spadetail (spt) and no tail (brachyury), we identified and characterized mrna expression patterns of an embryonic- and tail muscle-specific mhc gene (named myhz2) during zebrafish development in wild type, spt, and ntl mutant embryos. the identified myhz2 mhc gene encodes a polypeptide containing 1,935 amino acids. d ... | 2002 | 12412043 |
| acute lethal toxicity of environmental pollutants to aquatic organisms. | the acute lethal toxicity of environment pollutants including chlorophenol, haloalkane, quinone, and substituted nitrobenzene (i.e., nitrophenol, nitrobenzene, nitrotoluene, and aniline) compounds to aquatic organisms was determined. determination of toxicity of chemicals was performed with chlorella, daphnia, carp, and tilapia. the toxicity of chlorophenols had no relation to the number of chlorine atoms on the benzene ring, but monochlorophenol had lower activity than more chlorine-substituted ... | 2002 | 12061826 |
| carp is a novel caspase recruitment domain containing pro-apoptotic protein. | many card-containing caspase mediators interact with card-containing caspases and participate in activation or suppression of caspases. we cloned a novel card-containing protein from our est database, named carp. computational characterization revealed that carp encoded 445 amino acids with predicted mw 49.7 kda, localized at chromosome 10p13 with 15 exons, and four putative function domains, one card domain (aa 160-243), one nuclear receptor-binding motif, two ef-hand motifs, and 42% alpha-heli ... | 2002 | 12054670 |
| organochlorine chemical residues in fish from the mississippi river basin, 1995. | fish were collected in late 1995 from 34 national contaminant biomonitoring program (ncbp) stations and 13 national water quality assessment program (nawqa) stations in the mississippi river basin (mrb) and in late 1996 from a reference site in west virginia. four composite samples, each comprising (nominally) 10 adult common carp (cyprinus carpio) or black bass (micropterus spp.) of the same sex, were collected from each site and analyzed for organochlorine chemical residues by gas chromatograp ... | 2002 | 12045878 |
| metal speciation dynamics and bioavailability: zn(ii) and cd(ii) uptake by mussel (mytilus edulis) and carp (cyprinus carpio). | in the analysis of metal biouptake from complexing environments, both chemical speciation and biological uptake characteristics have to be taken into account. the commonly used free ion activity model is based on equilibrium speciation and implies that diffusion of the bioactive free metal toward the organism is not rate-limiting. in the presence of complexes, however, sufficiently labile species might contribute to the biouptake via preceding dissociation. coupling of the ensuing diffusional ma ... | 2002 | 12038825 |
| characterization of immunoglobulin light chain isotypes in the common carp. | two or three isotypes of immunoglobulin (ig) light (l) chain have been demonstrated in several teleost species thus far. a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) strategy was used with the aim of isolating cdna clones encoding igl chain from the common carp ( cyprinus carpio. l.) different from the previously isolated isotype, designated l1a. cdna clones representing two novel isotypes, designated l1b and l3, were obtained in this study. for cl segments, l1b sequences were simi ... | 2002 | 12037604 |
| effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone on growth hormone secretion and gene expression in common carp pituitary. | using radioimmuno- and ribonuclease protection assays, we examined the effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone and its analogs on the growth hormone mrna level and growth hormone secretion in common carp (cyprinus carpio) pituitary fragments with static incubation. after a 24 h treatment, sgnrh ([trp(7),leu(8)]-lhrh) and sgnrh-a ([d-arg(6),pro(9)]-lhrh) (0.1 nm-1 microm) elevated the gh mrna level and stimulated the gh secretion in a dose-dependent manner, with a higher potency for sgnrh-a. in ... | 2002 | 12031458 |
| molecular cloning of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) eggshell zona radiata protein complementary dna: mrna expression in 17beta-estradiol- and nonylphenol-treated fish. | a complementary dna (cdna) encoding the eggshell zona radiata protein (rbtzr: af407574) has been cloned from the liver of estradiol-17beta (e(2))-treated rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). a set of degenerate primers homologous to the highly conserved cysteine-rich region of the zona radiata protein gene from salmon, winter flounder, medaka and carp were used for the initial rt-pcr. the resulting pcr product was cloned, sequenced and ... | 2002 | 12031456 |
| diversity of complement factor b/c2 in the common carp (cyprinus carpio): three isotypes of b/c2-a expressed in different tissues. | complement factor b and c2 are two critical proteases for complement activation. some bony fish have been reported to possess duplicated genes for b/c2, but there is no direct evidence regarding possible functional divergence. here, we report the isolation of the second and third isotypes of carp b/c2-a, a close relative of other bony fish b reported to date, and designated b/c2-a2 and b/c2-a3. b/c2-a1 (previously reported b/c2-a) and b/c2-a2 share 78% amino acid identity and are synthesized mai ... | 2002 | 12031413 |
| immunocytochemical localization of growth hormone-releasing hormone-like peptide in the brain of the tiger frog, rana tigrina. | using antisera directed against carp growth hormone-releasing hormone (cghrh), we found more extensive brain distribution of ghrh-like immunoreactive (ir) neurons in the tiger frog, rana tigrina, than reported in previous studies, which employed mammalian ghrh antibodies. in the telencephalon, ghrh-ir perikarya were present in the pallium dorsale, pallium laterale (pars dorsalis and pars ventralis), pallium mediale, nucleus entopeduncularis, amygdala pars medialis, and in the ventral portion of ... | 2002 | 12030776 |
| a homolog of mammalian prl-releasing peptide (fish arginyl-phenylalanyl-amide peptide) is a major hypothalamic peptide of prl release in teleost fish. | two prl-releasing peptides (prrp20 and prrp31) were recently identified from mammalian hypothalamus by an orphan receptor strategy, and a c-terminal rf (arginyl-phenylalamyl-) amide peptide (rfa), structurally related to mammalian prrp, was also identified from the brain of the japanese crucian carp (c-rfa) by an intestine-contracting assay. however, to date there have been no reported studies that have examined the prl-releasing effects of rfa in fish. in the present study we determined the cdn ... | 2002 | 12021171 |
| the nuclear export signal (nes) found in the amino-terminal region of carp mek1 and mkk6 is lacking in carp mkk4. | carp mkk4 (cmkk4) cdna was isolated from an ovary cdna library. cmkk4 mrna was ubiquitously distributed in various tissues of adult carp. sequence analysis revealed that cmkk4 lacks a nuclear export signal sequence, unlike mammalian and frog meks (erk activator) and cmkk6 (carp p38 activator), where it plays an important role in anchoring these map kinase activators to the cytoplasm. cmkk4 protein was found to be diffused throughout the cell, whereas cmek1 and cmkk6 proteins were seen exclusivel ... | 2002 | 12020830 |
| production of short-chain fatty acids and gas from various oligosaccharides by gut microbes of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) in micro-scale batch culture. | we studied the metabolism of various oligosaccharides by carp (cyprinus carpio) hindgut microbes by measuring gas productivity and organic acid production in gut contents using a 50-microl-scale batch culture system. carp hindgut contents were incubated with 500 microg each of raffinose, lactosucrose, kestose, lactulose, gentiobiose, 4'-galactosyllactose and 6'-galactosyllactose and soybean-, xylo-, and isomalto-oligosaccharides or none (blank culture) at 25 degrees c for 6 h. the time-course of ... | 2002 | 12020649 |
| acute immunotoxicity of gallium to carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | 2002 | 12012056 | |
| bioavailability of waterborne strontium to the common carp, cyprinus carpio, in complexing environments. | the uptake of strontium (sr) and calcium (ca) in the common carp, cyprinus carpio, was studied in chemically defined freshwater in the presence of the complexing ligands, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (edta), and nitrilotriacetic acid (nta). the uptake rates were measured in the whole body, gills, and blood of the fish after an exposure period of 3 h. the uptake rates were determined by using the radiotracers (85)sr and (45)ca, and analyzed as a function of the free-ion activity of sr and ca i ... | 2002 | 12007876 |
| the alarm reaction in crucian carp is mediated by olfactory neurons with long dendrites. | in the present study, we applied a lipophilic tracer, dil (1,1-dilinoleyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate), to the synaptic region of the medial olfactory bulb in formaldehyde-fixed preparations from the crucian carp. we observed staining both in the axons of secondary neurons leading to the brain and in the olfactory receptor neurons (orns) of the olfactory epithelium. in those preparations, where staining of the tract was restricted to axons of the medial part of the medial o ... | 2002 | 12006379 |
| gonadotropin response to gnrh during sexual ontogeny in the common carp, cyprinus carpio. | this study was designed to reveal whether gonadotropic response to gnrh in the common carp (cyprinus carpio) changes during sexual ontogeny and whether the response of fshbeta and lhbeta subunits is uniform or differential. the study comprised fish at the following stages: juveniles (4-month-old females with primary oocytes and early spermatogenic males); maturing (9-month-old previtellogenic females and advanced spermatogenic males); and mature (16-month-old postvitellogenic females and spermia ... | 2002 | 11997206 |
| effects of waterborne exposure to 4-nonylphenol on plasma sex steroid and vitellogenin concentrations in sexually mature male carp (cyprinus carpio). | 4-nonylphenol (np) has been shown to elicit estrogenic responses both in vivo and in vitro. the mechanism by which np exerts estrogenic and other endocrine-modulating effects in vivo remains unclear, however. the goal of this study was to evaluate the ability of np to elicit estrogenic responses through indirect mechanisms of action involving the modulation of endogenous steroid hormone concentrations. sexually mature male common carp (cyprinus carpio) were exposed to aqueous np concentrations r ... | 2002 | 11996132 |
| synthetic musks in the environment. part 2: enantioselective transformation of the polycyclic musk fragrances hhcb, ahtn, ahdi, and atii in freshwater fish. | a method for the enantioselective separation of the chiral polycyclic musks hhcb, ahtn, ahdi, and atii is presented. eighteen fish samples (rudd, tench, crucian carp, eel) and one pooled zebra mussel sample from the pond of a municipal sewage treatment plant were investigated with regard to their concentrations and the enantiomeric ratios (ers) of polycyclic musks. in addition, three water samples taken at the effluent of the sewage plant, as well as two water samples and two series of semiperme ... | 2002 | 11994786 |
| synthetic musks in the environment. part 1: species-dependent bioaccumulation of polycyclic and nitro musk fragrances in freshwater fish and mussels. | bioaccumulation of polycyclic musks (hhcb, ahtn) and nitro musks (musk xylene, musk ketone, and their amino metabolites) in aquatic biota was investigated by analyzing 18 fish samples (rudd, tench, crucian carp, eel) and 1 pooled zebra mussel sample from the pond of a municipal sewage treatment plant. furthermore, water samples taken at the effluent of the sewage plant as well as water samples and two series of semipermeable membrane devices (spmds) from the pond were included. this comprehensiv ... | 2002 | 11994785 |
| in vivo and in vitro modulation of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) phagocyte oxidative burst activity by gallium. | since gallium is a metal ion used in semiconductor industry, the toxicological effects were previously evaluated in mammals but the ecotoxicological impacts remain unknown. in term of ecotoxicological risk assessment, the median lethal concentration (lc50 for 96 h of gallium to carp (cyprinus carpio l.) and the oxidative response of carp phagocytes after the fish were exposed to sublethal levels of gallium were determined. the lc50 of gallium on c. carpio at 96 h was estimated as 96.25 +/- 14.3 ... | 2002 | 11991633 |
| the effects of naltrexone, an opioid receptor antagonist, on plasma lh levels in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | naltrexone-an opioid receptor antagonist, was administered intraperitoneally to sexually mature male and female common carp in the prespawning period, in order to investigate its effects on spontaneous or sgnrh-a-stimulated lh secretion. naltrexone and sgnrh-a were injected at the same time. the possible involvement of a dopaminergic system in this process was studied in males pre-treated with pimozide (a dopamine receptor antagonist) 12 h before naltrexone and/or sgnrh-a administration. blood s ... | 2002 | 11976056 |
| carp ovarian cystatin binds and agglutinates spermatozoa via electrostatic interaction. | a sperm-agglutinating factor was purified from ovulated carp eggs and the conditioned medium (cm) of cortical-reacted eggs. it was identified to be the carp ovarian cystatin. three cystatin isoforms were found. the cystatin isolated from the cm had a higher sperm-agglutinating activity than that isolated from eggs, although the cystatins have identical n-terminal amino acid sequences, masses, and positive charges. differences in sperm-agglutinating activity between the cystatins of the cm and eg ... | 2002 | 11967193 |
| effect of a non-hormonal feed additive, cholymbi on growth, body composition and digestive enzyme activity of common carp, cyprinus carpio. | supplementation of pelleted feeds (30% crude protein) consisting of practical ingredients with 250, 375 and 500 mg cholymbi/kg diet resulted significantly improved the growth of common carp, cyprinus carpio. highest final average weight was recorded with diet containing 500 mg cholymbi/kg. feeding cholymbi to fish showed increased carcass protein and fat. gut protease and hepatopancreas amylase activity were the highest with 500 mg cholymbi/kg incorporated diet (t3). the results of the present s ... | 2002 | 12635714 |
| [endurance ability of transgenic common carp under different environmental conditions]. | this paper dealt with the endurance ability of transgenic common carp f3, and common carp under different environmental factors such as temperature, alkaline, and ph value. the results showed that there was no obvious difference of endurance abilities between transgenic common carp and common carp under the different environmental factors. | 2002 | 12682991 |
| nasda aquatic animal experiment facilities for space shuttle and iss. | national space development agency of japan (nasda) has developed aquatic animal experiment facilities for nasa space shuttle use. vestibular function experiment unit (vfeu) was firstly designed and developed for physiological research using carp in spacelab-j (sl-j, sts-47) mission. it was modified as aquatic animal experiment unit (aaeu) to accommodate small aquatic animals, such as medaka and newt, for second international microgravity laboratory (iml-2, sts-65) mission. then, vfeu was improve ... | 2002 | 12530375 |
| [studies of the projection for carpometacarpal joint of the thumb that considered patient burden]. | the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb is the most important in manual exercise function. robert method is used for the projection for carp metacarpal joint of the thumb broadly. but, the physique is difficult when there is a pain to a person of advanced age and an upper drumstick in robert method. so, we devised the photography method that reduced patient burden. comparison examined robert method and tokai method. detect ability is equal in both method. patient burden is reduced in tokai method ... | 2002 | 12522347 |
| antioxidant response modulated by copper in healthy or parasitized carp (cyprinus carpio l.) by ptychobothrium sp. (cestoda). | an increased antioxidant response (catalase, glutathione s-transferase (gst) and glutathione reductase (grd) activities in liver and gst activity in head kidney) was observed in carp parasitized by ptychobothrium sp. compared to healthy fish. in case of a copper contamination of these fish, the decrease in enzymatic activities observed was less pronounced in parasitized than in healthy carp. | 2002 | 12383935 |
| influence of the polyphenolic tannic acid on the toxicity of the insecticide deltametihrin to fish. a comparative study examining both biochemical and cytopathological parameters. | humics and pesticides are present in aquatic environment and the toxicological consequences of their chemical interaction is well studied. however, data concerning the mechanism of the biochemical action of humic-pesticide combinations are scarce, especially in vertebrates. thus we have chosen to study the in vivo effects of the plant polyphenolic tannic acid and the pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin [decis] alone or in combination on hepatic xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme activities and the a ... | 2002 | 12371615 |
| differential regulation of the two metallothionein genes in common carp. | the expression of two metallothionein (mt) genes was followed in carp (cyprimus carpio) in vivo during exposure to as and cu. changes in the levels of mt-1 and mt-2 mrna in the liver and kidney were detected by semi-quantitative rt-pcr. the inducibility of the two mt isoforms was tissue- and metal-specific. regardless of whether as or cu was applied, the liver was more responsive than the kidney. copper influenced the expression of both isoforms: the mt-1 and mt-2 mrna levels increased in both t ... | 2002 | 12371614 |
| evaluation of the tissue reactions in the skin and body wall of koi (cyprinus carpio) to five suture materials. | five different suture materials (silk, monofilament nylon, polyglyconate, polyglactin 910, and chromic gut) were placed in the skin and body wall of 10 doitsu (scaleless) koi (cyprinus carpio). after seven days the sutures were retrieved from five of the fish in 5 mm and 6 mm punch biopsies, and after 14 days they were retrieved in the same way from the other five. the tissue reactions were evaluated by gross visual inspection and by histological examination. the total inflammatory reaction was ... | 2002 | 12356236 |
| copper speciation in the gill microenvironment of carp (cyprinus carpio) at various levels of ph. | the fish gill microenvironment of cyprinus carpio under stress of copper exposure was investigated. ph and other parameters including free copper activity, alkalinity, and inorganic and organic carbons in the surrounding water (inspired water) and in the gill microenvironment (expired water) were measured or calculated at various levels of ph and varying total copper concentrations. the chemical equilibrium calculation (from mineqa2) and complexation modeling (mucus-copper) were coupled to calcu ... | 2002 | 12297083 |
| marker enzyme assessment in the liver of cyprinus carpio (l.) exposed to 2,4-d and azinphosmethyl. | the potential utility of antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation as indicators of exposure to 2,4-d and azinphosmethyl together with the toxic effects of these compounds in freshwater fish cyprinus carpio were evaluated. biochemical parameters were recorded spectrophotometrically in fish liver, which were exposed to a single dose of 2,4-d and azinphosmehtyl (1/3 lc(50)), and their mixture at 1:1 ratio for 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. the most sensitive parameter was glutathione s-transferase (gst) a ... | 2002 | 12242687 |
| zn(2+) modulates light responses of color-opponent bipolar and amacrine cells in the carp retina. | the effects of zn(2+) on color-opponent bipolar cells (bcs) and amacrine cells (acs) were studied in the isolated superfused carp retina using intracellular recording techniques. bath-applied zn(2+) (25 micro m) depolarized r(+)g(-)-type bcs and suppressed both depolarizing responses of these cells to red (680 nm) flashes and hyperpolarizing ones to green (500 nm) flashes. following zn(2+) application, g(+)r(-)-type bcs were hyperpolarized, which was accompanied by a potentiation of their depola ... | 2002 | 12242098 |
| the carp muscle-specific sub-isoenzymes of creatine kinase form distinct dimers at different temperatures. | we have previously cloned three muscle-specific sub-isoforms of creatine kinase (ck, ec 2.7.3.2) from the common carp ( cyprinus carpio ), designated m1-ck, m2-ck, and m3-ck. the enzyme has a key role in maintaining the energy homoeostasis of cells with fluctuating energy requirements. in the present paper, we report that all three m-cks in the red and white muscle of different temperature-acclimatized carp were ubiquitously distributed in the cytosol and along membranes. in addition, the expres ... | 2002 | 12213085 |
| cross-linking of zp2 and zp3 by transglutaminase is required for the formation of the outer layer of fertilization envelope of carp egg. | a transglutaminase (tgase) cdna was cloned from carp ovary. it was highly homologous to zebrafish tgase. immunoblot and enzymatical assay showed that tgase was present on the chorion and in the cytoplasm of carp eggs. addition of tgase inhibitor, cadaverine or ethylene diaminetetracetic acid (edta) to the cortical reaction medium impaired the formation of the outer layer of fertilization envelope (fe(o)), the adhesive structure of carp egg. fibroin-like substance (fls), cystatin, cathepsin-like ... | 2002 | 12203834 |
| seasonal variation of plasmatic and hepatic vitellogenin and erod activity in carp, cyprinus carpio, in relation to sewage treatment plants. | concern about the health of aquatic fauna living in waters containing biologically active levels of estrogenic compounds is particularly focused on the effects on their reproductive success. to that end, carp, cyprinus carpio, a feral fish living in warm waters of southern europe (ne spain), were selected for signs of estrogenicity. the study area covered two tributaries (the anoia and the cardener) of the llobregat river both known to be polluted by estrogenic compounds. the estrogenicity in th ... | 2002 | 12200088 |
| bioavailability and toxicity of dietborne copper and zinc to fish. | to date, most researchers have used dietborne metal concentrations rather than daily doses to define metal exposure and this has resulted in contradictory data within and between fish species. it has also resulted in the impression that high concentrations of dietborne cu and zn (e.g. > 900 mg kg(-1) dry diet) are relatively non-toxic to fish. we re-analyzed existing data using rations and dietborne metal concentrations and used daily dose, species and life stage to define the toxicity of dietbo ... | 2002 | 12161165 |
| the hatching of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) embryos in response to exposure to different concentrations of cryoprotectant at low temperatures. | the hatching performance of embryos of the common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) was examined after 1, 7, 14, 21, or 28 days of storage at -8, -6, -4, -2, 0, 2, or 4 degrees c with different concentrations of methanol (0.5-7.0 m in 0.5 m steps) or varying concentrations of methanol in 0.1 m sucrose or trehalose. preserved embryos failed to hatch after storage at -8 and -6 degrees c, regardless of the duration of storage or the concentrations tested. likewise, there was no hatching out above 5.0 m con ... | 2002 | 12151266 |
| [activation of the mauthner cell by direct stimulation on vagus nerve in crucian carp]. | to investigate the influence of the vagus nerve on the electrophysiological properties in the mauthner cell soma and the relationship between soma and viscus. | 2002 | 21180078 |
| recombinant fish parvalbumins: candidates for diagnosis and treatment of fish allergy. | fish and fish products represent one of the most important causes of ige-mediated food hypersensitivity. in sensitized individuals contact with and consumption of fish can lead to severe health problems, ranging from urticaria and dermatitis to angiedema, diarrhoea, asthma and, at worst, systemic anaphylactic reactions and death. parvalbumin, a small calcium-binding protein present in the muscles of vertebrates, was identified as the major fish allergen. we describe the isolation and characteriz ... | 2002 | 12144564 |
| inhibition of erythrocyte delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (alad) activity in fish from waters affected by lead smelters. | we assessed the effects on fish of lead (pb) released to streams by smelters located in trail, bc (canada), e. helena, mt, herculaneum, mo, and glover, mo. fish were collected by electrofishing from sites located downstream of smelters and from reference sites. blood from each fish was analyzed for delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (alad) activity and hemoglobin (hb), and samples of blood, liver, or carcass were analyzed for pb, zinc (zn), or both. fish collected downstream of all four smelt ... | 2002 | 12139078 |
| sex steroids and their involvement in the cortisol-induced inhibition of pubertal development in male common carp, cyprinus carpio l. | the onset and regulation of puberty is determined by functional development of the brain-pituitary-gonad (bpg) axis. sex steroids produced in the gonads play an important role in the onset of puberty. stress interferes with reproduction and the functioning of the bpg axis, and cortisol has frequently been indicated as a major factor mediating the suppressive effect of stress on reproduction. prolonged elevated cortisol levels, implicated in stress adaptation, inhibited pubertal development in ma ... | 2002 | 12135883 |
| dopamine and nitric oxide control both flickering and steady-light-induced cone contraction and horizontal cell spinule formation in the teleost (carp) retina: serial interaction of dopamine and nitric oxide. | adaptation to ambient light, which is an important characteristic of the vertebrate visual system, involves cellular and subcellular (synaptic) plasticity of the retina. the present study investigated dopamine (da) and nitric oxide (no) as possible neurochemical modulators controlling cone photomechanical movements (pmms) and horizontal cell (hc) spinules in relation to steady and flickering light adaptation in the carp retina. haloperidol (hal; a nonspecific da receptor blocker) or cptio (a no ... | 2002 | 12115683 |
| thermal plasticity of skeletal muscle phenotype in ectothermic vertebrates and its significance for locomotory behaviour. | seasonal cooling can modify the thermal preferenda of ectothermic vertebrates and elicit a variety of physiological responses ranging from winter dormancy to an acclimation response that partially compensates for the effects of low temperature on activity. partial compensation of activity levels is particularly common in aquatic species for which seasonal temperature changes provide a stable cue for initiating the response. thermal plasticity of locomotory performance has evolved independently o ... | 2002 | 12110664 |
| gene structure of the carp fish ribosomal protein l41: seasonally regulated expression. | the seasonal acclimatization of the carp fish demands physiological compensatory responses. the process involves profound nucleolar adjustments and remarkable changes in rrna synthesis, which affect ribosomal biogenesis. we have documented that protein kinase ck2, whose activity is related to ribosomal protein l41 and the regulation of rrna synthesis, was expressed in notably higher amounts in summer-acclimatized carp compared to the cold-season adapted fish. thus, we approached the study of the ... | 2002 | 12099677 |
| carp erythrocyte lipids as a potential target for the toxic action of zinc ions. | the effects of zinc on the lipid components of carp erythrocytes (cyprinus carpio l.) were studied on red blood cells exposed to znso4 (0.01-1 mm) for 20 h. the temperatures of the incubation medium were 5 and 20 degrees c for carp collected in winter and summer, respectively. it was observed that increase in the concentration of metal ions in the medium led to significant changes in the content of the main phospholipid classes. zinc induced the reduction of phosphatidylcholine as well as the in ... | 2002 | 12084620 |
| role of specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity in protecting fish from viral infections. | we report the in vivo role of specific cytotoxic cells in protecting fish from acute viral infections. specifically, we found that (1) there is an inverse relationship between cytotoxic activities and viral load and (2) adoptive transfer of immune leukocytes prevented viral infection. crucian carp hematopoietic necrosis virus (chnv), which has a virulence to ginbuna crucian carp, was recently found and identified in japan. specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity of ginbuna leukocytes against chnv-in ... | 2002 | 12083842 |
| alterations in retinoids, tocopherol, and microsomal enzyme activities in the liver of silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix) from ya-er lake, china. | 2002 | 12068931 | |
| bioconcentration and depuration of pyribenzoxim in common carp (cyprinus carpio). | 2002 | 12068925 | |
| analysis of expressed sequence tags (est) obtained from common carp, cyprinus carpio l., head kidney cells after stimulation by two mitogens, lipopolysaccharide and concanavalin-a. | a representative cdna library from mrna obtained from lipopolysaccharide and concanavalin-a-induced head kidney cells of carp, cyprinus carpio, was constructed. two hundred single pass and partially sequenced clones (au183343 to au183542) were generated from expressed sequence tags (ests) and these were searched for homology in the ddbj/genbank with blastn and blastx programs. clones matching known genes were classified according to their function and distribution. one hundred and twenty-nine ge ... | 2002 | 11742760 |
| effect of temperature on dietary vitamin c requirement and lipid in common carp. | we investigated the effect of temperature on the requirement of vitamin c in common carp. small carp (0.70 g) was separately cultured at 25 and 35 degrees c, respectively, and fed diet with or without supplement of 2000 ppm vitamin c. the fish increased weight gain and had smaller feed conversion rate at 25 degrees c than at 35 degrees c, with vitamin c-supplement and subsequently, without vitamin c-supplement. the level of vitamin c in the hepatopancreas and muscle, the ratio of hydroxyproline/ ... | 2002 | 11742752 |
| multi-element speciation of metalloproteins in fish tissue using size-exclusion chromatography coupled "on-line" with icp-isotope dilution-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry. | an on-line isotope dilution (id) method in combination with the coupling of size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography (se-hplc) to an axial inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometer (icp-tofms) was applied to the quantitative speciation of cu, zn and cd in carp and eel cytosols. quantitative information on the distribution of essential and toxic metals between the different molecular weight fractions in kidney cytosols of control and cd exposed carp was obtained wit ... | 2003 | 12866883 |
| immunocytochemical studies on the pituitary gland of anguilla anguilla l., in relation to early growth stages and diet-induced sex differentiation. | mammalian and teleost antisera against pituitary hormones were used to identify and localize pituitary cell types in the european eel (anguilla anguilla l.). the investigation was conducted on unpigmented glass eels of 5.6-6.2 of total body length (l(t)) caught in river mouths, then on yellow eels reared from the pigmented glass eel (or elver) stage up to 12-14 cm of l(t), in an eel farm in warm freshwater. treated elvers were fed with commercial paste food supplemented with mature carp ovaries, ... | 2003 | 12620249 |
| fiber connections of the torus longitudinalis in a teleost: cyprinus carpio re-examined. | fiber connections of the carp torus longitudinalis were re-examined by means of tract-tracing methods. the torus longitudinalis projected mainly to the stratum marginale of the optic tectum, area pretectalis, and corpus cerebelli. the stratum marginale was anterogradely labeled only by biocytin, but not by horseradish peroxidase. because the stratum is composed of extremely fine axons of the small toral neurons, this may be ascribed to different molecular weights of the tracers. the main afferen ... | 2003 | 12541319 |
| acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activities in brain and plasma of freshwater teleosts: cross-species and cross-family differences. | brain and plasma acetylcholinesterase (ache; ec 3.1.1.7) and plasma butyrylcholinesterase (bche; ec 3.1.1.8) specific activities were assayed in 16 freshwater teleosts belonging to four families: cyprinidae, percidae, esocidae and lotidae. brain ache activity varied among fish species approximately 15-fold, ranging from 138 to 2011 micromol/g per h. all cyprinids had higher brain ache activity than other fish families. plasma ache activity was on average 100-fold lower than that in brain, varyin ... | 2003 | 12781973 |
| amylolytic activity in fish intestinal mucosa: temperature effects. | the activity, temperature characteristics and energy of activation of amylolytic enzymes in the intestinal mucosa were studied in six species of fish living in a boreal zone [burbot (lota lota l.), northern pike (exos lucius l.), perch (perca fluviatilis l.), bream (abramis brama l.), roach (rutilis rutilis l.), and carp (cyprinus carpio l.)] and in three species from tropical and subtropical areas [pilchard (sardina pilchardus w.), jack mackerel (trachurus trecae c.) and round sardinella (sardi ... | 2003 | 12628384 |
| [effect of two rearing conditions on growth and body composition in carp (cyprinus carpio l) (author's transl)]. | a comparative study was made of the growth and of the influence of seasonal changes on nitrogen and carbohydrate metabolism of carp kept in batches in natural ponds. 10 growth is active only in natural ponds. in batches where only industrial dried foods are used, no growth can be measured. 20 activity of ribonucleic and protein metabolism is correlated with seasonal variations of water temperature in both conditions. | 2003 | 1223266 |
| organization and nucleotide sequence of carp gonadotropin alpha subunit genes. | we have used pcr to amplify and align the sequence of two genes encoding cgth alpha. both genes comprise four exons and three introns. the organization of cgth alpha genes is very similar to that of mammalian gth alpha genes. however, the cgth alpha genes only span a region of 1.2 kb which is much smaller than those mammalian gth alpha genes. | 2003 | 1370380 |
| the morpho-anatomy and histology of the pineal complex in a major indian carp, catla catla: identification of the pineal photoreceptor cells and their responsiveness to constant light and constant darkness during different phases of the annual reproductive cycle. | in contrast to mammals in which the pineal gland is a discrete structure situated dorsally in the brain, the "pineal gland" in teleost fishes is composed of a number of separate but connected constituent parts, collectively described as the "pineal complex." in this paper, we have described the pineal complex in a common indian carp, catla catla, which exhibits an annual reproductive cycle. attempts have been made to (a) provide an in-depth description of the structure of the pineal complex; and ... | 2003 | 14682472 |
| the muscle ankyrin repeat proteins: carp, ankrd2/arpp and darp as a family of titin filament-based stress response molecules. | carp, ankrd-2/arpp, and darp, are three members of a conserved gene family, referred to here as marps (muscle ankyrin repeat proteins). the expression of marps is induced upon injury and hypertrophy (carp), stretch or denervation (ankrd2/arpp), and during recovery following starvation (darp), suggesting that they are involved in muscle stress response pathways. here, we show that marp family members contain within their ankyrin repeat region a binding site for the myofibrillar elastic protein ti ... | 2003 | 14583192 |
| efficient vaccine against the virus causing a lethal disease in cultured cyprinus carpio. | we have isolated a virus, which causes a mortal disease in cultured ornamental koi and common carps (cyprinus carpio) in many countries worldwide. this unclassified virus, which causes nephritis and gill necrosis, and so has been given the name carp nephritis and gill necrosis virus (cngv), has a morphology resembling the herpes virus, but bears a genomic dna of ca 250-300 kbp. so far, both others and we have been unable to find cngv-dna sequences possessing a significant similarity to known dna ... | 2003 | 14585675 |
| binding of perfluorinated fatty acids to serum proteins. | perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (pfos) accumulates in the liver and blood of exposed organisms. the potential for these surfactant molecules to interfere with hormone/protein interactions in blood is of concern given the importance of these interactions. the pfos binding to serum proteins was investigated by assessing its ability to displace a variety of steroid hormones from specific binding proteins in the serum of birds and fishes. perfluorooctane sulfonic acid had only a weak ability to displa ... | 2003 | 14587903 |
| precise and efficient cleavage of recombinant fusion proteins using mammalian aspartic proteases. | expression of recombinant proteins as translational fusions is commonly employed to enhance stability, increase solubility and facilitate purification of the desired protein. in general, such fusion proteins must be cleaved to release the mature protein in its native form. the usefulness of the procedure depends on the efficiency and precision of cleavage and its cost per unit activity. we report here the development of a general procedure for precise and highly efficient cleavage of recombinant ... | 2003 | 14600208 |
| the influence of translational selection on codon usage in fishes from the family cyprinidae. | in this paper, the main factors shaping codon usage in three species of fishes that belong to the family cyprinidae (namely brachidanio rerio, cyprinus carpio, and carassius auratus) are reported. correspondence analysis (coa), a commonly used multivariate statistical approach, was used to analyze codon usage bias. our results show that the main trend is strongly correlated with the gc(3) content at silent sites of each sequence. on the other hand, the second axis discriminates between presumed ... | 2003 | 14604802 |
| beta-adrenergic stimulation induces cardiac ankyrin repeat protein expression: involvement of protein kinase a and calmodulin-dependent kinase. | the cardiac ankyrin repeat protein (carp), a nuclear transcription co-factor that negatively regulates cardiac gene expression, is increased in human heart failure and in animal models of cardiac hypertrophy. the mechanism by which carp expression is regulated and the consequences of carp overexpression on cardiac contractility are unknown. | 2003 | 14499857 |
| arteriogenesis is associated with an induction of the cardiac ankyrin repeat protein (carp). | collateral artery growth (arteriogenesis) can be induced in rabbit and mice by occlusion of the femoral artery. we aimed to identify genes that are differentially expressed during arteriogenesis. | 2003 | 14499858 |
| increased efficacy of immersion vaccination in fish with hyperosmotic pretreatment. | immersion vaccination is common practice in aquaculture, because of its convenience for mass vaccination with sufficient protection. however, the mechanisms of antigen uptake and presentation, resulting in a protective immune response and the role of the innate immune system therein are largely unknown. the impact of immersion vaccination on fish physiology and on the ensuing innate and specific immune response was characterized with fluorescently labeled particulate and soluble model antigens. ... | 2003 | 14505897 |
| active/de-active transition of respiratory complex i in bacteria, fungi, and animals. | mammalian complex i (nadh:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) exists as a mixture of interconvertible active (a) and de-activated (d) forms. the a-form is capable of nadh:quinone-reductase catalysis, but not the d-form. complex i from the bacterium paracoccus denitrificans, by contrast, exists only in the a-form. this bacterial complex contains 32 fewer subunits than the mammalian complex. the question arises therefore if the structural complexity of complex i from higher organisms correlates with its ab ... | 2003 | 14507430 |
| influence of temperature on the immune response of carp to lipopolysaccharide and whole cell aeromonas bestiarum vaccines. | immunisation of carp, cyprinus carpio, with four different experimental vaccines for protection against a. bestiarum was tested. carp immunized with different antigens of a. bestiarum p1s, and kept at 18 degrees c responded immunologically by relatively high titers of antibodies. antibody production was inhibited at 12 degrees c. | 2003 | 14509353 |
| reno-, hepato- and splenomegaly of common carp fingerlings (cyprinus carpio l.) diseased in swimbladder inflammation caused by sphaerospora renicola dyková et lom, 1982. | the weight of internal organs (swimbladder, kidney, liver, spleen) in relation to the body weight was studied in common carp fingerlings divided into three groups on the basis of swimbladder appearance and microscopic examination of the kidney. the fish had been collected from different hungarian fish farms at the time when swimbladder inflammation (sbi) usually occurs (in july and august). the first group comprised fish with severe signs of sbi and massive renal sphaerosporosis, the second grou ... | 2003 | 14516160 |
| cardiac ankyrin repeat protein is preferentially induced in atrophic myofibers of congenital myopathy and spinal muscular atrophy. | cardiac ankyrin repeat protein (carp), which is structurally characterized by the presence of four ankyrin repeat motifs in its central region, is believed to be localized in the nucleus and to participate in the regulation of cardiac-specific gene expression in cardiomyocytes. however, we recently found that carp was induced in skeletal muscle by denervation, leading us to speculate that carp may be induced under some pathological conditions. in the present study, we immunohistochemically analy ... | 2003 | 14516314 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of crucian carp (carassius auratus l.) interferon regulatory factor 7. | interferon (ifn) can induce an antiviral state via interferon-regulatory transcription factors (irfs), which bind to and control genes directed by the interferon-stimulated response element (isre). here we describe a fish irf, termed cairf7, cloned from a subtractive cdna library which is constructed with mrnas obtained from crucian carp (carassius auratus l.) blastulae embryonic (cab) cells infected by uv-inactivated gchv and mock-infected cells. cairf7 cdna was found to be 1816 bp in length, w ... | 2003 | 14550671 |
| feminization of wild carp, cyprinus carpio, in a polluted environment: plasma steroid hormones, gonadal morphology and xenobiotic metabolizing system. | wild carp, cyprinus carpio, were sampled in january and march 2000 in a section of the anoia river (ne spain) known to be polluted by estrogenic compounds. at each sampling time, three groups were distinguished: (1) apparently normal males; (2) apparently normal females; and (3) affected fish. the latter were characterized by the simultaneous development of male and female tissue in their gonads at a macroscopical level (six out of 31 fish sampled at this particular point), or testicular atrophy ... | 2003 | 14559296 |
| temperature-dependent developmental variation in lobster muscle myosin heavy chain isoforms. | the temperature- and developmental-regulation of myosin heavy chain (myhc) expression and primary sequence was investigated in the abdominal musculature of developing homarus gammarus larvae acclimated to 10, 14 and 19+/-1 degrees c. myhc loop 1 (atp binding) and loop 2 (actin binding) regions were sequenced and compared. the deduced amino acid sequence of myhc loop 1 showed a development-related increase in net charge from +1 to +2 between larval stages 1 and 2, which was not temperature-depend ... | 2003 | 14563558 |
| genetic divergence between cyprinus carpio carpio and cyprinus carpio haematopterus as assessed by mitochondrial dna analysis, with emphasis on origin of european domestic carp. | although common carp is the major fish species in asian and european aquaculture and many domestic varieties have occurred, there is a controversy about the origination of european domestic common carp. some scientists affirmed that the ancestor of european domestic common carp was danube river wild common carp, but others considered it might be asian common carp. for elucidating origination of european domestic common carp, we chose two representative european domestic common carp strains (germ ... | 2003 | 12903751 |
| molecular cloning, expression of orange-spotted grouper goose-type lysozyme cdna, and lytic activity of its recombinant protein. | lysozyme acts as a non-specific innate-immunity molecule against the invasion of bacteria pathogens. a leukocyte cdna library of orange-spotted grouper epinephelus coioides was constructed and the goose-type (g-type) lysozyme cdna was isolated. the complete cdna consists of an open reading frame of 585 bp encoding a protein of 194 amino acids. this protein shows a 72.2% amino acid sequence identity with the flounder g-type lysozyme. similar to most other species, the glu catalytic residue in g-t ... | 2003 | 12911059 |
| responses of antioxidant systems in the hepatocytes of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) to the toxicity of microcystin-lr. | the freshwater, bloom-forming cyanobacterium (blue-green alga) microcystis aeruginosa produces a peptide hepatotoxin, which causes the damage of animal liver. recently, toxic microcystis blooms frequently occur in the eutrophic dianchi lake (300 km2 and located in the south-western of china). microcystin-lr from microcystis in dianchi was isolated and purified by high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) and its toxicity to mouse and fish liver was studied (li et al., 2001). in this study, s ... | 2003 | 12893065 |
| differential expression and haplotypic variation of two interleukin-1beta genes in the common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | interleukin-1beta (il-1beta) is a central component in innate immunity and the inflammatory response of mammals. only recently, the first non-mammalian il-1beta sequences were published. in this study, we describe a second il-1beta sequence (il-1beta2) in carp with 74% amino acid identity to the carp il-1beta1 sequence. the existence of two il-1beta copies in the carp genome probably originates from the tetraploid nature of the species. in contrast to the first carp il-1beta sequence, il-1beta2 ... | 2003 | 12946102 |
| structural and biochemical characterization of a new type of lectin isolated from carp eggs. | a previously unidentified glycoprotein present in the eggs of the carp ( cyprinus carpio ) was isolated and structurally characterized. the protein binds to a sepharose 4b matrix and can be eluted with 0.4 m n -acetylglucosamine. the protein has an apparent molecular mass of 26686.3 da. on the basis of gel-filtration chromatography, the protein appears to be present in solution as a monomer. the sequence of its 238 amino acids, the position of its four disulphide bridges and the composition of i ... | 2003 | 12956625 |
| reproduction phase-related expression of gnrh-like immunoreactivity in the olfactory receptor neurons, their projections to the olfactory bulb and in the nervus terminalis in the female indian major carp cirrhinus mrigala (ham.). | the reproductive biology of the indian major carp cirrhinus mrigala is tightly synchronized with the seasonal changes in the environment. while the ovaries show growth from february through june, the fish spawn in july-august to coincide with the monsoon; thereafter the fish pass into the postspawning and resting phases. we investigated the pattern of gnrh immunoreactivity in the olfactory system at regular intervals extending over a period of 35 months. although no signal was detected in the ol ... | 2003 | 12957480 |
| rhabdoviruses and apoptosis. | viral-induced apoptosis is recognized as a common method utilized by viruses to overcome the host. recent evidence indicates that infection by rhabdoviruses such as vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv), spring viremia of carp virus (svcv), and rabies virus results in apoptotic cell death. similar morphological changes and host cell proteins are induced in cells infected with these different viruses; however, the viral proteins responsible for these changes vary. in addition, the molecular mechanism( ... | 2003 | 12959754 |
| identification of spring viraemia of carp virus (svcv) by combined rt-pcr and nested pcr. | a combination of single-tube reverse transcription (rt)-pcr and nested pcr was used to identify spring viraemia of carp rhabdovirus (svcv) in infected cell cultures and fish tissues. two pairs of specific primers (external and internal) were selected from the glycoprotein gene sequence. a specific product of 470 bp was amplified from rna derived from 34 svcv isolates including the reference strain (fijan), using rt-pcr with the external primers. the subsequent pcr using the internal primers yiel ... | 2003 | 13677509 |
| molecular comparison of isolates of an emerging fish pathogen, koi herpesvirus, and the effect of water temperature on mortality of experimentally infected koi. | koi herpesvirus (khv) has been associated with devastating losses of common carp (cyprinus carpio carpio) and koi (cyprinus carpio koi) in north america, europe, israel and asia. a comparison of virion polypeptides and genomic restriction fragments of seven geographically diverse isolates of khv indicated that with one exception they represented a homogeneous group. a principal environmental factor influencing the onset and severity of disease is water temperature. optimal growth of khv in a koi ... | 2003 | 13679599 |
| antacid medication inhibits digestion of dietary proteins and causes food allergy: a fish allergy model in balb/c mice. | digestible proteins were supposed to be irrelevant for oral sensitization and induction of food allergy. approximately 10% of the adult population uses antacids for the treatment of dyspeptic disorders, drugs that hinder peptic digestion. in these patients, proteins that are normally degradable might act as food allergens. | 2003 | 13679824 |
| molecular cloning and expression analysis of a novel caspase recruitment domain protein (card) in common carp cyprinus carpio l. | a novel caspase recruitment domain protein (card) was isolated from common carp cyprinus carpio l. by expressed sequence tag analysis. this gene consist of a 2016 bp open reading frame and untranslated regions, which is putatively translated to a protein of 535 amino acid residues. the gene harbors domains (card and coiled-coil domain), which are conserved in proteins of card family. the card domain have carp was similar to human card9 with 72.4% identity. expression analysis revealed that card ... | 2003 | 12727358 |