Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| viruses in asthma. | current evidence suggests that the overall load of infectious agents, including respiratory viruses, encountered early in life is an important factor influencing maturation of the immune system from a type 2 bias at birth towards predominantly type 1 responses, thus avoiding atopic diseases. the 'hygiene hypothesis' proposes that the relatively sterile environment present in industrialised western countries has contributed to the recent epidemic of asthma and atopy. whether specific infections a ... | 2002 | 11997297 |
| altered eosinophil levels as a result of viral infection in asthma exacerbation in childhood. | respiratory viral infection is known to be a significant cause of asthma exacerbation. eosinophils have been considered to play an important role in the pathogenesis of virus-induced asthma exacerbations. to determine how often asthma exacerbation is caused by virus infections and to examine the relationship between eosinophilia and asthma episode, we investigated 64 children who experienced asthma attacks between october 1999 and march 2000. we used rapid enzyme immunoassays to detect antigens ... | 2002 | 12000498 |
| a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of dexamethasone in severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection: effects on rsv quantity and clinical outcome. | forty-one previously healthy children <2 years of age who required mechanical ventilation for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection were randomized to receive dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg; n=22) or saline placebo (n=19) intravenously every 12 h for 4 days. rsv quantity was measured by quantitative plaque assay in fresh tracheal and nasal aspirates obtained at intervals of 24+/-3 h on days 0, 1, 2, 5, and 7 following entry. analysis by linear mixed-effects modeling demonstrated a significantly ... | 2002 | 12001038 |
| cytokines in severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is an important cause of severe lung disease in infants, and increasing evidence suggests that it is immunologically mediated. experiments in mice suggest that this may be due to differential t-cell activation producing either type 1 or type 2 cytokines. we investigated this hypothesis in man by studying 24 infants ventilated with severe rsv bronchiolitis and by measuring messenger rna (mrna) for interleukin-4 (il-4) and interfe ... | 2002 | 12001278 |
| prediction of duration of hospitalization in respiratory syncytial virus infection. | identification of variables that predict duration of rsv-associated hospitalization may be useful in the identification of preventive and therapeutic strategies. a recently published prediction model (michigan model) for the duration of hospitalization in rsv infection demonstrated good discrimination between children with and without an increased likelihood of a hospital stay >or= 7 days, based on variables such as log weight, congenital heart disease, failure to thrive, premature birth, bronch ... | 2002 | 12001279 |
| prevalence of respiratory syncytial virus infection in italian infants hospitalized for acute lower respiratory tract infections, and association between respiratory syncytial virus infection risk factors and disease severity. | this study was designed to collect data on the prevalence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in italy in infants hospitalized for lower respiratory tract infections, and to evaluate which of the recognized risk factors might be associated with disease severity. thirty-two centers throughout italy participated in the study. over a 6-month period (november 1,1999 to april 30, 2000), we evaluated all children < 2 years of age hospitalized for lower respiratory tract infections. all subj ... | 2002 | 12001280 |
| progressive epitope-blocked panning of a phage library for isolation of human rsv antibodies. | epitope-blocked panning is an approach to mining antigen-specific diversity from phage display antibody libraries. previously, we developed and used this method to recover a neutralizing antibody to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) by blocking a dominant response to a nonneutralizing epitope on a recombinant derivative of the viral f antigen. we have extended this approach to the blocking of multiple epitopes simultaneously, which led to the recovery of new antibodies of different specificity, ... | 2002 | 12009209 |
| coronavirus-related nosocomial viral respiratory infections in a neonatal and paediatric intensive care unit: a prospective study. | the incidence of nosocomial viral respiratory infections (nvri) in neonates and children hospitalized in paediatric and neonatal intensive care units (pnicu) is unknown. human coronaviruses (hcov) have been implicated in nvri in hospitalized preterm neonates. the objectives of this study were to determine the incidence of hcov-related nvri in neonates and children hospitalized in a pnicu and the prevalence of viral respiratory tract infections in staff. all neonates (age< or =28 days) and childr ... | 2002 | 12009822 |
| respiratory syncytial virus with the fusion protein as its only viral glycoprotein is less dependent on cellular glycosaminoglycans for attachment than complete virus. | cell surface glycosaminoglycans (gags) are responsible for the majority of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) attachment to cultured cells leading to infection. the viral glycoprotein g binds to gags and was thought to be the viral attachment protein, but more recently virus lacking the g protein was shown to be infectious in cell culture. we have compared the gag dependence of a recombinant, green fluorescent protein-expressing virus containing the f protein as its only viral glycoprotein (rgrsv ... | 2002 | 12009871 |
| perflubron reduces lung inflammation in respiratory syncytial virus infection by inhibiting chemokine expression and nuclear factor-kappa b activation. | airway mucosa inflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of lower respiratory tract infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), the major etiologic agent of bronchiolitis in infancy. type and intensity of cellular infiltration are dictated by inflammatory chemokines, which are rapidly and abundantly induced in lung tissue by rsv. this process is, to a large extent, transcriptionally regulated by rsv-mediated activation of the nuclear factor-kappa b. the administration of ... | 2002 | 12016108 |
| the central conserved cystine noose of the attachment g protein of human respiratory syncytial virus is not required for efficient viral infection in vitro or in vivo. | the g glycoprotein of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was identified previously as the viral attachment protein. although we and others recently showed that g is not essential for replication in vitro, it does affect the efficiency of replication in a cell type-dependent fashion and is required for efficient replication in vivo. the ectodomain of g is composed of two heavily glycosylated domains with mucin-like characteristics that are separated by a short central region that is relative ... | 2002 | 12021350 |
| subcellular localization and integration activities of rous sarcoma virus reverse transcriptase. | reverse transcriptases (rts) alphabeta and beta from avian rous sarcoma virus (rsv) harbor an integrase domain which is absent in nonavian retroviral rts. rsv integrase contains a nuclear localization signal which enables the enzyme to enter the nucleus of the cell in order to perform integration of the proviral dna into the host genome. in the present study we analyzed the subcellular localization of rsv rt, since previous results indicated that rsv finishes synthesis of the proviral dna in the ... | 2002 | 12021354 |
| optimum dosage regimen of palivizumab? | palivizumab is a humanized, monoclonal antibody used to protect at-risk infants against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. the regular dosage scheme causes a low initial trough level and accumulation of the antibody after subsequent injections. using a simple pharmacokinetic model, the authors devised an alternative dosage regimen that might correct these problems while cutting costs by 35%. to spare health care budgets, dosage schemes for future monoclonal antibodies must be chosen ca ... | 2002 | 12021640 |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) outbreak in the nicu: description of eight cases. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has been recognized as a major nosocomial hazard on pediatric wards. because of maternally acquired antibodies, symptomatic rsv infection is rare in term neonates. during an outbreak of rsv in our neonatal icu, 12 infants (gestational age = 34 +/- 5 weeks) remained rsv negative. in contrast, eight preterm infants (gestational age = 28 +/- 2 weeks) became rsv positive. four infants became very sick with rsv and required mechanical ventilation and support. acute r ... | 2002 | 12022427 |
| a hypothesis: antenatal sensitisation to respiratory syncytial virus in viral bronchiolitis. | aim: to investigate the possibility of antenatal sensitisation to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). | 2002 | 12023178 |
| rantes may be predictive of later recurrent wheezing after respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in infants. | in vitro studies have shown that rantes is strongly induced by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in cultures of upper airway epithelial cells. rantes is known as a chemoattractant and activator for eosinophils. | 2002 | 12027066 |
| immunological mechanisms of severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis resulting in respiratory insufficiency is frequently encountered during the winter season in paediatric intensive care units. this review evaluates potential determinants described in severe rsv bronchiolitis with special attention to the role of immaturity of immune responses during infancy. pre-existent cardiac or pulmonary compromises have been documented as clinical risk factors for severe rsv bronchiolitis. in addition to this group of infants ... | 2002 | 12029411 |
| surfactant protein d gene polymorphism associated with severe respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major respiratory tract pathogen in infancy. host-related differences in susceptibility to severe rsv infection suggest that genetic factors may play a role. in this study, a candidate-gene approach was used to study whether the surfactant protein d (sp-d) gene polymorphism associates with severe rsv infection. dna samples from 84 infants hospitalized for the treatment of rsv bronchiolitis and 93 healthy controls were analyzed. the controls were matched w ... | 2002 | 12032263 |
| rsv-induced immunopathology: dynamic interplay between the virus and host immune response. | 2002 | 12033778 | |
| dda adjuvant induces a mixed th1/th2 immune response when associated with bbg2na, a respiratory syncytial virus potential vaccine. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is one of the most common causes of respiratory infection in infants and the elderly. previous attempts to vaccinate children against rsv failed and the induction of an aberrant th2-type immune response was shown to induce severe to fatal pulmonary disease characterised in part by eosinophilia. bbg2na is a promising human rsv subunit vaccine candidate which successfully passed phase ii clinical trials in adults in association with adju-phos((r)). however, ... | 2002 | 12034101 |
| modelling the structure of the fusion protein from human respiratory syncytial virus. | the fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv-f) is responsible for fusion of virion with host cells and infection of neighbouring cells through the formation of syncytia. a three-dimensional model structure of rsv-f was derived by homology modelling from the structure of the equivalent protein in newcastle disease virus (ndv). despite very low sequence homology between the two structures, most features of the model appear to have high credibility, although a few small regions in rsv-f ... | 2002 | 12034856 |
| suppression of airway hyperresponsiveness induced by ovalbumin sensitisation and rsv infection with y-27632, a rho kinase inhibitor. | smooth muscle contraction is one of the hallmarks of asthma. a recently developed pyridine derivative, y-27632, a selective rho kinase inhibitor, has been reported to inhibit the smooth muscle contraction of human and animal trachea in ex vivo systems but its effect in animal models of airway hyperresponsiveness (ahr) has not been examined. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of y-27632 in a murine model of allergic and virally induced ahr. | 2002 | 12037228 |
| winter viruses: influenza- and respiratory syncytial virus-related morbidity in chronic lung disease. | chronic lung disease predisposes to serious consequences of respiratory viruses. while increasing influenza immunization rates in older adults signals an awareness of the impact of influenza, children with asthma are infrequently immunized. while respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is recognized as an important target of vaccine development for infants, its impact on adults is underappreciated. | 2002 | 12038940 |
| gene therapy for prostate cancer delivered by ovine adenovirus and mediated by purine nucleoside phosphorylase and fludarabine in mouse models. | a gene-directed enzyme pro-drug therapy (gdept) based on purine nucleoside phosphorylase (pnp), that converts the prodrug, fludarabine to 2-fluoroadenine, has been described, but studies are limited compared with other gdepts. we investigated the in vitro and in vivo efficacies of pnp-gdept for treating androgen-independent (ai) prostate cancer. the pnp gene controlled by rous sarcoma virus (rsv) constitutive promoter was delivered using a recombinant ovine adenovirus vector (oadv220) that uses ... | 2002 | 12040457 |
| [study of the effect of antiviral drugs on the reproduction of the respiratory syncytial virus by enzyme immunoassay]. | a test system based on eia was developed for evaluating the efficiency of drugs active towards the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in cell culture. virasole and its structural analog ribamedii active towards rsv infection and arbidol whose activity in rsv infection is unknown were tested. like virasole and ribamedil, arbidol inhibited the expression of rsv antigens, the inhibitory effect increasing with the drug concentration and decreased with increase of the multiplicity of virus infection. ... | 2002 | 12046469 |
| targeted therapy of respiratory syncytial virus in african green monkeys by intranasally administered 2-5a antisense. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of respiratory disease in infants, young children, immunocompromised patients, and the institutionalized elderly. previous work had shown that rnase l, an antiviral enzyme of the interferon system, could be recruited to cleave rsv genomic rna by attaching tetrameric 2prime prime or minute-5prime prime or minute-linked oligoadenylates (2-5a) to an oligonucleotide complementary to repetitive gene-start sequences within the rsv genome (2-5a antis ... | 2002 | 11878909 |
| diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infection: comparison of reverse transcription-pcr to viral culture and serology in adults with respiratory illness. | diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) during acute infection in adults is difficult because of the poor sensitivity of viral culture and antigen detection. a recently developed single-tube nested reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr) was compared to viral culture and serology by enzyme immunoassay for the diagnosis of rsv in adults with respiratory illness. nasal swab samples were collected during respiratory illnesses from five groups of subjects: healthy young adults, healthy elderly adu ... | 2002 | 11880399 |
| the role of ifn in respiratory syncytial virus pathogenesis. | formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine preparations have been shown to cause enhanced disease in naive hosts following natural infection. in this study we demonstrate a similar pattern of enhanced disease severity following primary rsv infection of ifn-nonresponsive stat1(-/-) mice. stat1(-/-) mice showed markedly increased illness compared with wild-type balb/c animals following rsv inoculation despite similar lung virus titers and rates of virus clearance. histologicall ... | 2002 | 11884466 |
| nosocomial pneumonia in pediatric patients: practical problems and rational solutions. | nosocomial pneumonia is a common hospital-acquired infection in children, and is often fatal. risk factors for nosocomial pneumonia include admission to an intensive care unit, intubation, burns, surgery, and underlying chronic illness. viruses, predominantly respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), are the most common cause of pediatric nosocomial respiratory tract infections. gram-negative bacteria (escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, and pseudomonas aeruginosa) are the predominant bacterial pa ... | 2002 | 11888355 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection induces matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in epithelial cells. | increased gelatinolytic activity was observed in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-infected hep-2 cells by using zymography. the anti-matrix metalloproteinase-9 (mmp-9) antibody specifically reduced the gelatinolytic activity suggesting that the increased gelatinolytic activity was due to the mmp-9. it was also supported by the results from immunofluorescent staining, treatment of mmp inhibitors, and rsv infection of the cell clones that were transfected with plasmids to express more mmp-9 and t ... | 2002 | 11890521 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infections in children. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of lower respiratory disease in young children in both developing and developed countries. by age 2, nearly all children have been infected by rsv.the clinical manifestations range from mild upper respiratory symptoms to bronchiolitis and pneumonia. first infections are nearly always symptomatic and frequently cause lower respiratory tract disease, whereas subsequent infections are generally milder. although children with underlying conditio ... | 2002 | 11891515 |
| effect of aging on cytokine production in response to respiratory syncytial virus infection. | in vitro cytokine production in response to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza infections was investigated in 11 "young" (mean age, 31 years) and "older" (mean age, 75 years) healthy volunteers by use of interferon (ifn)-gamma elispot and elisa analysis of cytokines in culture supernatants. autologous dendritic cells (dcs), derived by culturing adherent peripheral blood mononuclear cells in granulocyte-macrophage colony--stimulating factor and interleukin-4, were used as antigen-pre ... | 2002 | 11865426 |
| analysis of rous sarcoma virus capsid protein variants assembled on lipid monolayers. | during assembly and morphogenesis of rous sarcoma virus (rsv), proteolytic processing of the structural precursor (pr76gag) protein generates three capsid (ca) protein variants, ca476, ca479, and ca488. the proteins share identical n-terminal domains (ntds), but are truncated at residues corresponding to gag codons 476, 479, and 488 in their ca c-terminal domains (ctds). to characterize oligomeric forms of the rsv ca variants, we examined 2d crystals of the capsid proteins, assembled on lipid mo ... | 2002 | 11866525 |
| a method for identifying the financial burden of hospitalized infants on families. | to describe a method for measuring the direct and indirect costs to families of infants hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). | 2002 | 11873385 |
| nasal and oral nitric oxide levels during experimental respiratory syncytial virus infection of adults. | nitric oxide (no) is a recognized mediator of inflammation in diseases affecting the lower respiratory tract, and has been implicated in the expression of viral upper respiratory tract infections. here, exhaled nasal and oral no concentrations and nitrite concentrations in nasal lavage fluids were measured, symptoms were scored and pulmonary function was evaluated before (day 0) and after (days 1-8) experimental exposure of 17 adult subjects to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) type b. after exp ... | 2002 | 11876601 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. | respiratory syncytial virus, one of the most common causes of respiratory infections in immunocompetent individuals, is frequently spread to recipients of hsct by family members, other patients, and health care workers. in immunosuppressed individuals, progression from upper respiratory tract disease to pneumonia is common, and usually fatal if left untreated. we performed a retrospective analysis of rsv infections in recipients of autologous or allogeneic transplants. the incidence of rsv follo ... | 2002 | 11896429 |
| the failure of interleukin-10-deficient mice to develop airway hyperresponsiveness is overcome by respiratory syncytial virus infection in allergen-sensitized/challenged mice. | interleukin-10-deficient mice develop a robust pulmonary inflammatory response but no airway hyperresponsiveness (ahr) to inhaled methacholine (mch) following allergen sensitization and challenge. in the present study, we investigated the effect of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection on ahr and pulmonary inflammation in allergic il-10-/- mice. unlike littermate control mice, rsv-infected or ovalbumin (ova)-sensitized/challenged il-10-/- mice failed to develop significant ahr. in contrast ... | 2002 | 11897651 |
| characteristics of a respiratory syncytial virus persistently infected macrophage-like culture. | a persistently infected culture obtained from immortalized murine macrophage-like cells, which survived respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection at multiplicity of one, was established and characterized. the presence of rsv through the passages was confirmed and monitored by (a) detection of infectious virus by tcid(50)/ml, (b) defective particles by viral infectivity interference and buoyant density determinations, (c) cell surface antigen by indirect immunofluorescence and facs, and (d) exp ... | 2002 | 11900838 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection and the primary care physician. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is a common viral illness affecting almost all children within their first few years of life. in most young children, rsv results in a mild respiratory infection. it is, however, the single most important cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonitis in infancy and contributes to significant morbidity and even mortality in a subset of high-risk children. there are new developments in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of rsv infection in infants and chi ... | 2002 | 11902705 |
| [humanized respiratory syncytial virus monoclonal antibody]. | respiratory syncytial virus remains a significant cause of severe lower respiratory tract disease in children. the risk of serious rsv illness is highest among children with prematurity, chronic lung disease and congenital heart disease. no effective vaccine and anti-viral agents have been obtained even now. therefore, conservative therapy including respiratory aid has been a principal therapy for serious rsv disease. recently, monthly intramuscular administration of humanized anti-rsv monoclona ... | 2002 | 11904963 |
| respiratory syncytial virus matrix protein associates with nucleocapsids in infected cells. | little is known about the functions of the matrix (m) protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). by analogy with other negative-strand rna viruses, the m protein should inhibit the viral polymerase prior to packaging and facilitate virion assembly. in this study, localization of the rsv m protein in infected cells and its association with the rsv nucleocapsid complex was investigated. rsv-infected cells were shown to contain characteristic cytoplasmic inclusions. further analysis showed that ... | 2002 | 11907323 |
| genetic susceptibility to respiratory syncytial virus infection in inbred mice. | differences in the severity of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced lower respiratory disease in infants have been attributed to multiple environmental and genetic factors. to identify the genetic factor(s) influencing rsv susceptibility, we examined rsv infection in eight inbred mouse strains. lung rsv titers differed significantly between mouse strains: the rsv titers were 15-fold higher in akr/j (permissive) mice compared with c57bl/6j (resistant) mice at 4 days after inoculation. this s ... | 2002 | 11920822 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and tnf alpha induction of chemokine gene expression involves differential activation of rel a and nf-kappa b1. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection of airway epithelial cells stimulates the expression and secretion of a variety of cytokines including the chemotactic cytokines interleukin-8 (il-8), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (mcp-1), and rantes (regulated upon activation, normal t cell expressed and secreted). chemokines are important chemoattractants for the recruitment of distinct sets of leukocytes to airway sites of inflammation. | 2002 | 11922866 |
| [guidelines for respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis. an update]. | epidemiological studies performed by the iris study group in the last two respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) seasons found that the hospitalization rates for rsv in premature infants born before or in week 32 of gestation were 13.4 % and 13.1 %, respectively. of these, 18 % and 25 % of the infants were admitted to the intensive care unit. currently available information demonstrates the efficacy of rsv monoclonal antibodies (palivizumab) and the absence of major adverse effects. to date, there ar ... | 2002 | 11927077 |
| [chemoprophylaxis with palivizumab in andalusia (spain). results of the 2000-2001 respiratory syncytial virus epidemic]. | to assess the hospitalization rate for bronchiolitis in newborns treated with palivizumab in andalusia. | 2002 | 11927095 |
| concurrent serious bacterial infections in 2396 infants and children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infections. | at driscoll children's hospital (corpus christi, tex), we observed that most infants and children hospitalized for treatment of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis and/or pneumonia received broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics despite having typical rsv signs and symptoms and positive rsv-rapid-antigen tests on admission. physicians were concerned about the possibility of concurrent serious bacterial infections, especially in infants younger than 3 months and in those with infiltra ... | 2002 | 11929363 |
| illness severity, viral shedding, and antibody responses in infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus. | the relationships between host factors, viral shedding, illness severity, and antibody response in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced bronchiolitis are poorly defined. these relationships were prospectively evaluated in 77 infants hospitalized with rsv bronchiolitis in multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of rsv immunoglobulin therapy. severity of illness was influenced by age and host risk factors but was not influenced by rsv neutralizing antibody titer or by the amount ... | 2002 | 11930309 |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) nonstructural (ns) proteins as host range determinants: a chimeric bovine rsv with ns genes from human rsv is attenuated in interferon-competent bovine cells. | bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) escapes from cellular responses to alpha/beta interferon (ifn-alpha/beta) by a concerted action of the two viral nonstructural proteins, ns1 and ns2. here we show that the ns proteins of human rsv (hrsv) are also able to counteract ifn responses and that they have the capacity to protect replication of an unrelated rhabdovirus. even combinations of brsv and hrsv ns proteins showed a protective activity, suggesting common mechanisms and cellular targets o ... | 2002 | 11932394 |
| nk t cells contribute to expansion of cd8(+) t cells and amplification of antiviral immune responses to respiratory syncytial virus. | cd1d-deficient mice have normal numbers of t lymphocytes and natural killer cells but lack valpha14(+) natural killer t cells. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) immunopathogenesis was evaluated in 129xc57bl/6, c57bl/6, and balb/c cd1d(-/-) mice. cd8(+) t lymphocytes were reduced in cd1d(-/-) mice of all strains, as shown by cell surface staining and major histocompatibility complex class i tetramer analysis, and resulted in strain-specific alterations in illness, viral clearance, and gamma inter ... | 2002 | 11932395 |
| impact of respiratory syncytial virus infection as a cause of lower respiratory tract infection in children younger than 3 years of age in japan. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important viral pathogen for lower respiratory tract infection (lri) in infants and children. an rsv-specific monoclonal antibody has been developed to provide prophylaxis against rsv associated lri (rsv-lri). the objective of this study was to determine the impact of rsv as a cause of lri in children younger than 3 years of age to provide data to aide in the implementation of forthcoming prophylaxis against rsv. | 2002 | 12099731 |
| [prospective regional study of an epidemic of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis]. | this prospective study was designed to identify risk factors associated with admission in pediatric intensive care units (picu) among infants hospitalized for treatment of rsv induced bronchiolitis. this study was population-based and was conducted in burgundy, a french region with 1,800,000 inhabitants where passive immunoprophylaxis for rsv bronchiolitis was not set up at the time of the study. results: from december 1st 1999 to april 30th 2000, 484 infants were hospitalized for rsv bronchioli ... | 2002 | 12108310 |
| a rhesus monkey model of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract disease in infants and young children worldwide. to date, there is no single animal model that adequately reproduces all human disease states. here, we have developed a model of experimental infection with human rsv in infant rhesus macaques. infected animals demonstrated mild clinical disease including increased respiratory rates, fever and adventitious lung sounds. while more severe disease was not observed, prelimin ... | 2002 | 12110049 |
| peripheral blood lymphopenia and neutrophilia in children with severe respiratory syncytial virus disease. | it is not known why respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is associated with prolonged sequelae in many children. measles virus (also a paramyxovirus), acute stress in sepsis, and cardiac bypass all cause lymphopenia. using a retrospective analysis of records of children in bristol with rsv infections over 5 years, we found that children with rsv had lower lymphocyte counts than unstressed, stable children prior to cardiac surgery. children who required intensive care had the lowest lymphocyte count ... | 2002 | 12112779 |
| seasonal variation in respiratory syncytial virus chest infection in the tropics. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important cause of lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) in young children. we determined if there was a seasonal variation in malaysia in the incidence of rsv infection in young children admitted with lrti, and possible associations of rsv infection with local meteorological parameters. a total of 5,691 children, aged less than 24 months and hospitalized with lrti (i.e., bronchiolitis and pneumonia) between 1982-1997, were included in this study. ... | 2002 | 12112797 |
| population-based rates of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection in children with and without risk factors, and outcome in a tertiary care setting. | the aim of this study was to make a population-based estimate of the risk of hospitalization and complications during virologically confirmed respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in relation to established risk factors, and an estimation of additional risk factors and outcome as seen in a tertiary care referral centre. during a period of 12 y, all children with virologically confirmed rsv infection were included. recorded complications were: admission to the intensive care unit, mechanica ... | 2002 | 12113331 |
| mapk activation is involved in posttranscriptional regulation of rsv-induced rantes gene expression. | airway epithelial cells represent the primary cell target of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. they actively participate in the lung immune/inflammatory response that follows rsv infection by expressing chemokines, small chemotactic cytokines that recruit and activate leukocytes. regulated on activation, normal t cell expressed, and presumably secreted (rantes) is a member of the cc chemokine subfamily and is strongly chemotactic for t lymphocytes, monocytes, basophils, and eosinophil ... | 2002 | 12114198 |
| nerve growth factor and nerve growth factor receptors in respiratory syncytial virus-infected lungs. | nerve growth factor (ngf) controls sensorineural development and responsiveness and modulates immunoinflammatory reactions. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) potentiates the proinflammatory effects of sensory nerves in rat airways by upregulating the substance p receptor, neurokinin 1 (nk(1)). we investigated whether the expression of ngf and its trka and p75 receptors in the lungs is age dependent, whether it is upregulated during rsv infection, and whether it affects neurogenic inflammation. p ... | 2002 | 12114213 |
| prevalence of respiratory syncytial virus igg antibodies in infants living in a rural area of mozambique. | a case control study was carried out in manhiça (mozambique). serum samples were collected from infants < 1 year of age in hospital to assess the effect of serum antibodies on the incidence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. sera were collected from a total of 31 cases of rsv infection and paired uninfected controls matched for age and sex. anti-rsv antibodies were assessed by a membrane fluorescent antibody test (mfat) for immunoglobulin g (igg) antibodies and by a neutralizing ant ... | 2002 | 12116014 |
| introduction. rsv and rad: possibilities for prevention? the link between respiratory syncytial virus and reactive airway disease. | 2002 | 12119050 | |
| clinical perspectives on the association between respiratory syncytial virus and reactive airway disease. | asthma is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children worldwide, as is respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). this report reviews controlled retrospective and prospective studies conducted to investigate whether there is an association between rsv bronchiolitis in infancy and subsequent development of reactive airway disease or allergic sensitization. findings indicate that such a link to bronchial obstructive symptoms does exist and is strongest for children who experienced severe rsv ... | 2002 | 12119052 |
| potential therapeutic implications of new insights into respiratory syncytial virus disease. | viral bronchiolitis is the most common cause of hospitalization in infants under 6 months of age, and 70% of all cases of bronchiolitis are caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). early rsv infection is associated with respiratory problems such as asthma and wheezing later in life. rsv infection is usually spread by contaminated secretions and infects the upper then lower respiratory tracts. infected cells release proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including il-1, tumor necrosis fact ... | 2002 | 12119053 |
| pathophysiological mechanisms for the respiratory syncytial virus-reactive airway disease link. | there is substantial epidemiological evidence supporting the concept that respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) lower respiratory tract infection in infancy may be linked to the development of reactive airway disease (rad) in childhood. however, much less is known concerning the mechanisms by which this self-limiting infection leads to airway dysfunction that persists long after the virus is cleared from the lungs. a better understanding of the rsv-rad link may have important clinical implications, ... | 2002 | 12119054 |
| immunoprophylaxis of respiratory syncytial virus: global experience. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infects nearly all children by age 2 years, and it causes considerable illness and death in certain high-risk pediatric populations. historically, treatment for rsv has been symptomatic, and developing a safe and effective vaccine has been a challenge. therefore, research efforts have turned to passive immunization as the best option to control rsv. palivizumab, a genetically engineered humanized monoclonal antibody, has been shown to reduce rsv-related hospital ... | 2002 | 12119055 |
| an epidemiological study of respiratory syncytial virus associated hospitalizations in denmark. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common viral pathogen that causes lower respiratory tract infections in infants. studies have implicated severe rsv infections early in life as a risk factor for subsequent development of reactive airway disease. we are conducting a study to validate rsv-associated diagnoses in the danish national patient registry, to assess whether the incidence of severe rsv infection is increasing in denmark, to identify predisposing and protective factors for rsv ... | 2002 | 12119056 |
| prevention and treatment of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis and postbronchiolitic wheezing. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the primary cause of hospitalization for acute respiratory tract illness in general and specifically for bronchiolitis in young children. the link between rsv bronchiolitis and reactive airway disease is not completely understood, even though rsv bronchiolitis is frequently followed by recurrent episodes of wheezing. therapy with ribavirin does not appear to significantly reduce long-term respiratory outcome of rsv lower respiratory tract infection, and corti ... | 2002 | 12119057 |
| significant differences in nucleocapsid morphology within the paramyxoviridae. | nucleocapsid (n) proteins from representative viruses of three genera within the paramyxoviridae were expressed in insect cells using recombinant baculoviruses. rna-containing structures, which appear morphologically identical to viral nucleocapsids, were isolated and subsequently imaged under a transmission electron microscope. analysis of these images revealed marked differences in nucleocapsid morphology among the genera investigated, most notably between viruses of the paramyxovirinae and th ... | 2002 | 12124447 |
| respiratory syncytial virus assembly occurs in gm1-rich regions of the host-cell membrane and alters the cellular distribution of tyrosine phosphorylated caveolin-1. | we have previously shown that respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) assembly occurs within regions of the host-cell surface membrane that are enriched in the protein caveolin-1 (cav-1). in this report, we have employed immunofluorescence microscopy to further examine the rsv assembly process. our results show that rsv matures at regions of the cell surface that, in addition to cav-1, are enriched in the lipid-raft ganglioside gm1. furthermore, a comparison of mock-infected and rsv-infected cells by ... | 2002 | 12124448 |
| [a study on viral infections in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]. | to study the relation between viral infection and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd), and the role of viral infection in the pathogenesis of copd. | 2002 | 12126557 |
| plasmid dna encoding the respiratory syncytial virus g protein protects against rsv-induced airway hyperresponsiveness. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important cause of childhood respiratory disease as well as exacerbations of asthma. although previous studies have demonstrated that a dna vaccine encoding the rsv g protein can inhibit rsv replication in mouse models of rsv infection, studies have not been performed to determine whether a dna vaccine encoding the rsv g protein can protect against rsv induced mucus expression and airway hyperresponsiveness which was the focus of this study. the dna-g vacc ... | 2002 | 12126916 |
| chemokines and inflammation in the nasal passages of infants with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | this study measured chemokines in nasal lavage fluids (nlf) from infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis, defined by lung hyperinflation and wheezing. comparison was made to rsv-positive infants without bronchiolitis and rsv-negative infants with acute respiratory illnesses. rsv-positive illnesses were associated with increased epithelial shedding, increased rantes/protein ratios, and increased il-8/protein ratios in nlf compared to rsv-negative illnesses. among rsv-positive ... | 2002 | 12139952 |
| engineering of staphylococcal surfaces for biotechnological applications. | novel surface proteins can be introduced onto bacterial cell surfaces by recombinant means. here, we describe various applications of two such display systems for the food-grade bacteria staphylococcus carnosus and staphylococcus xylosus, respectively. the achievements in the use of such staphylococci as live bacterial vaccine delivery vehicles will be described. co-display of proteins and peptides with adhesive properties to enable targeting of the bacteria, have significantly improved the vacc ... | 2002 | 12142144 |
| rapid and sensitive detection of respiratory virus infections for directed antiviral treatment using r-mix cultures. | the development of new anti-influenza drugs has led to concerns regarding the impact on healthcare costs if they are used indiscriminately. restricting their use to proven influenza virus infections has the potential to overcome costly inappropriate therapy. however, conventional culture (cc) does not generate results quickly enough to facilitate the timely initiation of treatment, and rapid detection tests have suboptimal sensitivity. we therefore investigated a new rapid culture system (r-mix) ... | 2002 | 11744435 |
| mucosal immunization of rhesus monkeys against respiratory syncytial virus subgroups a and b and human parainfluenza virus type 3 by using a live cdna-derived vaccine based on a host range-attenuated bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 vector backbone. | reverse genetics was used to develop a two-component, trivalent live attenuated vaccine against human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv3) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) subgroups a and b. the backbone for each of the two components of this vaccine was the attenuated recombinant bovine/human piv3 (rb/hpiv3), a recombinant bpiv3 in which the bovine hn and f protective antigens are replaced by their hpiv3 counterparts (48). this chimera retains the well-characterized host range attenuation ph ... | 2002 | 11773385 |
| respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein mediates inhibition of mitogen-induced t-cell proliferation by contact. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) are major pathogens in infants and calves, respectively. experimental brsv infection of calves and lambs is associated with lymphopenia and a reduction in responsiveness of peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbls) to mitogens ex vivo. in this report, we show that in vitro mitogen-induced proliferation of pbls is inhibited after contact with rsv-infected and uv-inactivated cells or with cells expressing rsv envelope ... | 2002 | 11773392 |
| multiple glycosylated forms of the respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein are expressed in virus-infected cells. | analysis of the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion (f) protein in rsv-infected vero cells showed the presence of a single f1 subunit and at least two different forms of the f2 subunit, designated f2a (21 kda) and f2b (16 kda), which were collectively referred to as [f2](a/b). enzymatic deglycosylation of [f2](a/b) produced a single 10 kda product suggesting that [f2](a/b) arises from differences in the glycosylation pattern of f2a and f2b. the detection of [f2](a/b) was dependent upon the ... | 2002 | 11752701 |
| soybean mosaic virus (smv) and the smv resistance gene (rsv(1)): influence on phomopsis spp. seed infection in an aphid free environment. | infection of soybean [glycine max (l.) merr.] plants with soybean mosaic virus (smv) has been reported to enhance phomopsis spp. infection, which reduces seed quality. the timing and incidence of smv infection depends largely upon the level of primary inoculum and aphid-activity. two field experiments were conducted in aphid-free environments, to examine the influence of (i) smv-infection, and (ii) smv-resistance alleles of the rsv(1) gene, on the incidence of phomopsis spp. seed infection. in t ... | 2002 | 11756270 |
| increased activity of c-src and csk in fibroblasts transformed by v-src oncogene. | when c-src and v-src were immunoprecipitated together from hamster fibroblasts transformed by rous sarcoma virus containing v-src oncogene, the total src activity was almost threefold higher compared to c-src activity in the control cells. the activity of v-src immunoprecipitated separately, however, accounting for only 40% of the total src activity, indicating that c-src is activated upon transformation. an increased activity of csk was also found in rsv-transformed cells. it decreased upon ser ... | 2002 | 11785970 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection suppresses lung cd8+ t-cell effector activity and peripheral cd8+ t-cell memory in the respiratory tract. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of morbidity from respiratory infection in infants, young children and the elderly. no effective vaccine against rsv is currently available and studies of the natural history of rsv infection suggest repeated infections with antigenically related virus strains are common throughout an individual's lifetime. we have studied the cd8+ t-cell response during experimental murine rsv infection and found that rsv inhibits the expression of effector act ... | 2002 | 11786907 |
| enhanced immune protection by a liposome-encapsulated recombinant respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine using immunogenic lipids from deinococcus radiodurans. | the radiation-resistant bacterium, deinococcus radiodurans contains a variety of phospho-, glyco- and phosphoglycolipids, the structures of which appear to be largely unique in nature. we show here that such lipids are immunogenic when administered as liposomes intranasally in mice, as evidenced by the induction of serum antibodies which recognize d. radiodurans lipids but not other lipids by thin layer chromatographic immunostaining. by modifying a liposomal vaccine against respiratory syncytia ... | 2002 | 11858866 |
| tumor-specific transcriptional targeting of suicide gene therapy. | transcriptional targeting of gene expression has been plagued by the weakness of tissue-specific promoters. thus, to increase promoter strength while maintaining tissue specificity, we constructed a recombinant adenovirus containing a binary promoter system with a tumor-specific promoter (cea; carcinoembryonic antigen) driving a transcription transactivator, which then activates a minimal promoter to express a suicide gene (hsv-tk; herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase). this adv/binary-tk induc ... | 2002 | 11859419 |
| construction and characterization of affibody-fc chimeras produced in escherichia coli. | affibody-fc chimeras were constructed by genetic fusion between different affibody affinity proteins with prescribed specificities and an fc fragment derived from human igg. using affibody ligands previously selected for binding to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) surface protein g and thermus aquaticus (taq) dna polymerase, respectively, affibody-fc fusion proteins showing spontaneous fc fragment-mediated homodimerization via disulfide bridges were produced in escherichia coli and affinity pur ... | 2002 | 11861078 |
| budding of equine infectious anemia virus is insensitive to proteasome inhibitors. | the only retrovirus protein required for the budding of virus-like particles is the gag protein; however, recent studies of rous sarcoma virus (rsv) and human immunodeficiency virus have suggested that modification of gag with ubiquitin (ub) is also required. as a consequence, the release of these viruses is reduced in the presence of proteasome inhibitors, which indirectly reduce the levels of free ub within the cell. here we show that the budding of equine infectious anemia virus (eiav) from i ... | 2002 | 11861830 |
| in vivo interference of rous sarcoma virus budding by cis expression of a ww domain. | for all enveloped viruses, the actual mechanism by which nascent virus particles separate or "pinch off" from the cell surface is largely unknown. in the case of retroviruses, the gag protein drives the budding process, and the virus release step is directed by the late (l) assembly domain within gag. a ppppy motif within the l domain of rous sarcoma virus (rsv) was previously characterized as being critical for the release of virions and shown to interact in vitro with the ww domain of yes-asso ... | 2002 | 11861846 |
| identification of temperature-sensitive mutations in the phosphoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus that are likely involved in its interaction with the nucleoprotein. | the phosphoprotein (p) of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an essential component of the viral rna polymerase, along with the large polymerase (l), nucleocapsid (n), and m2-1 proteins. by screening a randomly mutagenized p gene cdna library, two independent mutations, one with a substitution of glycine at position 172 by serine (g172s) and the other with a substitution of glutamic acid at position 176 by glycine (e176g), were identified to result in the loss of n-p interaction at 37 de ... | 2002 | 11861854 |
| bronchiolitis: update 2001. | in this review, reports from last year on the following topics are summarized: (1) reviews of bronchiolitis in infants; respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-associated illness, including possible viral mechanisms of alteration of airway function and results of an epidemiologic study of bronchiolitis-associated mortality. studies evaluating (2) the use of serum eosinophilic cationic protein as a marker for development of subsequent persistent wheezing infants; (3) parental bronchial responsiveness a ... | 2002 | 11845006 |
| rfi-641, a potent respiratory syncytial virus inhibitor. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a paramyxovirus, is a major cause of acute upper and lower respiratory tract infections in infants, young children, and adults. rfi-641 is a novel anti-rsv agent with potent in vitro and in vivo activity. rfi-641 is active against both rsv type a and b strains. the viral specificity and the large therapeutic window of rfi-641 (>100-fold) indicate that the antiviral activity of the compound is not due to adverse effects on normal cells. the potent in vitro ... | 2002 | 11850270 |
| palivizumab is highly effective in suppressing respiratory syncytial virus in an immunosuppressed animal model. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is widely recognized as a leading cause of pneumonia, with substantial mortality, in bone marrow transplant recipients. we tested the efficacy of a systemic monoclonal antibody (mab) preparation possessing a high titer of anti-rsv neutralizing antibody, palivizumab (synagis) for prophylaxis and therapy of rsv infection in cytoxan (cy) immunosuppressed cotton rats, a model in which the efficacy of a polyclonal anti-rsv product (respigam) has been demonstrated. bo ... | 2002 | 11850705 |
| p60(v-src) and serum control cell shape and apoptosis via distinct pathways in quail neuroretina cells. | we made use of qnr cells transformed by a thermosensitive (tsny68) strain of the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) to compare the effect of p60(v-src) and serum in cultured nerve cells. in this system, both p60(v-src) heat inactivation and serum removal resulted in growth arrest in g1. in both cases, growth arrest was reversible since cell proliferation was rapidly re-induced following respectively p60v-src renaturation or serum re-addition. however, cells did not fully recover their ability to grow in s ... | 2002 | 11850837 |
| epidemiology and clinical presentation of respiratory syncytial virus infection in a rural area of southern mozambique. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) in infants throughout most of the world, but little is known about rsv infection in africa where lrti are among the leading causes of infant and childhood death. | 2002 | 11840083 |
| caveolin-1 is incorporated into mature respiratory syncytial virus particles during virus assembly on the surface of virus-infected cells. | we have employed immunofluorescence microscopy and transmission electron microscopy to examine the assembly and maturation of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in the vero cell line c1008. rsv matures at the apical cell surface in a filamentous form that extends from the plasma membrane. we observed that inclusion bodies containing viral ribonucleoprotein (rnp) cores predominantly appeared immediately below the plasma membrane, from where rsv filaments form during maturation at the cell surface. ... | 2002 | 11842256 |
| n-acetylcysteine augments adenovirus-mediated gene expression in human endothelial cells by enhancing transgene transcription and virus entry. | it has previously been shown that oxidants reduce the efficiency of adenoviral transduction in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (huvecs). in this study, the effect of the antioxidant n-acetylcysteine (nac) in adenovirus-mediated gene transfer has been investigated. | 2002 | 11828388 |
| the enantiomers of carbocyclic 5'-norguanosine: activity towards epstein-barr virus. | (-)-5'-noraristeromycin (1) has shown antiviral activity towards, particularly cytomegalovirus, vaccinia virus and measles while its (+)-enantiomer (2) is effective towards hepatitis b virus. to determine if the antiviral characteristics of 1 and 2 extended to the guanine analogues (3 and 4), these enantiomers were prepared and evaluated against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2), cytomegalovirus (cmv), varicella zoster virus (vzv), epstein-barr virus (ebv), human herpes viru ... | 2002 | 11836094 |
| home delivery of palivizumab: outcomes and compliance in regional preterm infants. | palivizumab, a monoclonal antibody against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), has been shown to be effective in preventing rsv-related hospitalization in preterm infants; however, ensuring infants receive the desired monthly injections remains a challenge. we studied two cohorts of preterm infants and the rate of documented rsv illness in infants receiving palivizumab at home between 1998 and 2000. medical records were reviewed for the number of doses received, hospitalization for rsv illness, a ... | 2002 | 11838265 |
| functional replacement and positional dependence of homologous and heterologous l domains in equine infectious anemia virus replication. | we have previously demonstrated by gag polyprotein budding assays that the gag p9 protein of equine infectious anemia virus (eiav) utilizes a unique ypdl motif as a late assembly domain (l domain) to facilitate release of the budding virus particle from the host cell plasma membrane (b. a. puffer, l. j. parent, j. w. wills, and r. c. montelaro, j. virol. 71:6541-6546, 1997). to characterize in more detail the role of the ypdl l domain in the eiav life cycle, we have examined the replication prop ... | 2002 | 11799151 |
| mapping the transcription and replication promoters of respiratory syncytial virus. | an important, unresolved issue in mononegavirus biology is whether or not transcription is initiated by the same promoter as rna replication. in this study, residues important for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) transcription and rna replication were identified by subjecting the first 26 nucleotides of genome rna to saturation mutagenesis. this analysis was performed using a genome analog that allowed transcription and rna replication to be dissociated from each other and monitored as independ ... | 2002 | 11799161 |
| regulated gene expression in the chicken embryo by using replication-competent retroviral vectors. | rous sarcoma virus (rsv)-derived retroviral vector could efficiently deliver the green fluorescent protein (gfp), which is driven by the internal cytomegalovirus enhancer/promoter, into restricted cell populations in the chicken embryo. rsv-derived vectors coupled with the tet regulatory elements also revealed doxycycline-dependent inducible gfp expression in the chicken embryo in ovo. | 2002 | 11799192 |
| antiviral chinese medicinal herbs against respiratory syncytial virus. | forty-four medicinal herbs were tested for antiviral activities against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) by means of the cytopathologic effect (cpe) assay. twenty-seven of the 44 medicinal herbs showed potent or moderate antiviral activities against rsv with 50% inhibition concentration (ic(50)) ranging from 6.3 to 52.1 microg/ml, and with selectivity index (si) ranging from 2.0 to 32.1. further purification of the active extracts from sophora flavescens ait. and scutellaria baicalensis georgi ... | 2002 | 11801383 |
| virus-specific ctl responses induced by an h-2k(d)-restricted, motif-negative 15-mer peptide from the fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus. | we describe 15-mer peptide p8:f92-106 from the f protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) that can act as an mhc class i-restricted (h-2k(d)) epitope for rsv-specific cd8(+) ctl. this peptide is interesting because not only is it the first murine ctl epitope to be identified in the f protein but also because it does not contain a known allele-specific motif, as all 15 amino acids appear to be required for effective presentation to ctl. in in vitro mhc class i refolding experiments, peptide p ... | 2002 | 11807236 |
| association between surfactant protein a gene locus and severe respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes seasonal epidemics of bronchiolitis among susceptible infants. surfactant protein a (sp-a), a lung c-type lectin involved in innate host defense, opsonizes rsv and enhances phagocytosis. the candidate gene approach was used to investigate association of sp-a polymorphism with susceptibility to severe rsv infection. genotype analysis was done for 86 infants with severe rsv infection and 95 matched control subjects. a significant difference in the frequency ... | 2002 | 11807709 |
| efficient polyadenylation of rous sarcoma virus rna requires the negative regulator of splicing element. | rous sarcoma virus pre-mrna contains an element known as the negative regulator of splicing (nrs) that acts to inhibit viral rna splicing. the nrs binds serine/arginine-rich (sr) proteins, hnrnp h and the u1/u11 snrnps, and appears to inhibit splicing by acting as a decoy 5' splice site. deletions within the gag gene that encompass the nrs also lead to increased read-through past the viral polyadenylation site, suggesting a role for the nrs in promoting polyadenylation. using nrs-specific deleti ... | 2002 | 11809895 |