Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| when the air hits your brain: decreased arterial pulsatility after craniectomy leading to impaired glymphatic flow. | objectivecranial neurosurgical procedures can cause changes in brain function. there are many potential explanations, but the effect of simply opening the skull has not been addressed, except for research into syndrome of the trephined. the glymphatic circulation, by which csf and interstitial fluid circulate through periarterial spaces, brain parenchyma, and perivenous spaces, depends on arterial pulsations to provide the driving force for bulk flow; opening the cranial cavity could dampen this ... | 2019 | 31100725 |
| bloodmeal analysis in culicoides midges collected near horses, donkeys and zebras in the eastern cape, south africa. | an upsurge in african horse sickness (ahs) in the eastern cape, south africa, from 2006 led to an epidemiological reassessment of the disease there. light trapping surveys carried out near horses, donkeys and zebras in 2014-2016 collected 39 species of culicoides midge (diptera: ceratopogonidae) that are potential vectors of ahs. to establish if these midges fed on equids, dna sequences were obtained from the gut contents of 52 female midges (35 freshly blood-fed, 13 gravid and four parous), rep ... | 2019 | 31099060 |
| effect of larval density and substrate quality on the wing geometry of stomoxys calcitrans l. (diptera: muscidae). | in insects, oviposition decisions may lead to egg deposition in substrates with different larval density and nutritional levels. individuals developing in such substrates may present plasticity in their phenotype. here, we investigated the effect of two factors related to oviposition decisions, namely larval density and substrate quality, on the wing size and wing shape of the stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans l. (diptera: muscidae). | 2019 | 31077236 |
| text mining analysis to evaluate stakeholders' perception regarding welfare of equines, small ruminants, and turkeys. | welfare of animals significantly depends on how stakeholders perceive their needs and behave in a way to favor production systems that promote better welfare outcomes. this study aimed at investigating stakeholders' perception of the welfare of equines, small ruminants, and turkeys using text mining analysis. a survey composed by open-ended questions referring to different aspects of animal welfare was carried out. text mining analysis was performed. a total of 270 surveys were filled out (horse ... | 2019 | 31071978 |
| a novel selective medium for the isolation of burkholderia mallei from equine specimens. | burkholderia mallei is a gram-negative bacterium that causes glanders, a zoonotic disease, especially in equine populations (e.g. horses, donkeys, and mules). b. mallei usually grows slowly on most culture media, and this property makes it difficult to isolate from clinical specimens. one of the problems is that b. mallei is easily overgrown by other bacteria, especially in animal specimens collected from non-sterile sites. the aim of this study was to develop a new selective agar for the labora ... | 2019 | 31064357 |
| casein composition and differential translational efficiency of casein transcripts in donkey's milk. | the amount of the four caseins (αs1, αs2, β and κ-cn) in donkey milk was evaluated by urea-page analysis at ph 8.6, followed by immuno-detection with polyclonal antibodies, coupled to densitometric analysis. the results showed the percentage of each casein in decreasing order: β (54.28) > αs1 (35.59) > αs2 (7.19) > κ-cn (2.79). the mrna quantification of donkey casein transcripts, carried out by rt-qpcr, showed that the average percentage of corresponding gene transcripts (csn2, csn1s1, ... | 2019 | 31038088 |
| a rapid hplc method for the determination of lactoferrin in milk of various species. | this research communication describes the adaptation and testing of an rp-hplc method, previously tested for the determination of lactoferrin (lf) in whey, for its applicability to determine milk lactoferrin content. milk samples of various species, namely, ovine, caprine, bovine, donkey and human milk, were tested. the advantage of this rp-hplc method includes speed and convenience, as it does not include extensive pretreatment or separation steps. a simple pre-treatment step was added in order ... | 2019 | 31038085 |
| sarcocystis bertrami in skeletal muscles of donkeys (equus africanus asinus) from southern italy. | among the protozoa of the genus sarcocystis (apicomplexa; sarcocystidae), sarcocystis bertrami (syn. sarcocystis fayeri) is an obligate intracellular parasite of donkeys and horses with worldwide distribution. here, we report the detection of s. bertrami in naturally infected donkeys from southern italy and describe their structure by light microscopy (lm) and transmission electron microscopy (tem). protozoal cysts were detected both morphologically and molecularly in skeletal muscles of 28.57% ... | 2019 | 31027592 |
| analysis of heparan sulfate/heparin from colla corii asini by liquid chromatography-electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry. | colla corii asini (cca) made from donkey-hide has been widely used as a health-care food and an ingredient of traditional chinese medicine. heparan sulfate (hs)/heparin is a structurally complex class of glycosaminoglycans (gags) that have been implicated in a wide range of biological activities. however, their presence within cca, and their possible structural characteristics, were previously unknown. in this study, gag fractions containing hs/heparin were isolated from cca and their disacchari ... | 2019 | 31016560 |
| intraocular pressure reference intervals in eyes of clinically normal miniature donkeys (equus africanus asinus). | to determine intraocular pressure (iop) reference intervals in eyes of healthy miniature donkeys (equus africanus asinus) via rebound and applanation tonometry. | 2019 | 29517162 |
| histomorphometric analysis of the choroid of donkeys, buffalos, camels and dogs. | the present study was carried out to investigate the morphological and histomorphometric characters of choroid in donkeys, buffalos, camels and dogs. | 2019 | 29721841 |
| parasitic profile of traction equids in the semi-arid climate of paraíba state, northeastern, brazil. | the objective of this study was to determine the parasitological profiles of traction equids from the semi-arid climate of paraíba (pb) state. we analyzed 96 equids that performed traction work, with no defined breed, males and females, and all older than 24 months. among the analyzed animals, 51% were donkeys, 41.7% mules, and 7.3% horses. fecal material and blood were collected for parasitological examination and to determine the packed cell volume (pcv), respectively. the samples were sent to ... | 2019 | 29846453 |
| hepatitis e virus infection in equines in spain. | hepatitis e (he) is an important emerging disease in european countries. to analyse the role of equids as potential reservoirs for he virus (hev), we determined the prevalence of hev infection in 861 equines from 464 herds in spain. hev rna in serum was detected in 0.4% (3/692) of horses, 1.2% (1/86) of donkeys and 3.6% (3/83) of mules. phylogenetic analysis identified the zoonotic genotype 3 as being closely related to viral human and swine strains. in this first report on hev in equids in euro ... | 2019 | 30047239 |
| validation of an immunoblot assay employing an objective reading system and used as a confirmatory test in equine infectious anaemia surveillance programs. | equine infectious anaemia (eia) is a blood borne disease that is listed among the notifiable diseases of the world organisation for animal health (oie). eia is also regulated by the oie for the international trading provisions and is generally subject to control programmes. since 2011, italy has been conducting a surveillance plan based on a three-tier diagnostic system, using a serological elisa as screening test, an agar gel immunodiffusion test (agidt) as a confirmatory method, and an immunob ... | 2019 | 30684508 |
| a preliminary study on the use of jenny colostrum to improve quality in extenders for freezing donkey semen. | sperm quality in donkeys (equus asinus) after freezing thawing is still considered lower than that from other animals, including horses. the aim of this study was to test a new freezing extender supplemented with jenny colostrum on donkey sperm. after thawing, we evaluated sperm motility by means of computer-assisted analysis, viability by sybr-14 and propidium iodide (pi), membrane functional integrity by hos-test and acrosome integrity by isothiocyanate conjugated with peanut agglutinin (fitc- ... | 2019 | 30685406 |
| test of four hypotheses to explain the function of overmarking in foals of four equid species. | overmarking occurs when one individual places its scent mark directly on top of the scent mark of another individual. although it is almost ubiquitous among terrestrial mammals, we know little about the function of overmarking. in addition, almost all studies on mammalian overmarking behaviour dealt with adult individuals. reports on this behaviour in juveniles are extremely rare, yet may elucidate the function of this behaviour. we tested four mutually non-exclusive hypotheses which might expla ... | 2019 | 30701350 |
| a comparison among β-caseins purified from milk of different species: self-assembling behaviour and immunogenicity potential. | caseins are a family of proteins constituted by α-caseins (αs-1 and αs-2 caseins), β-caseins and κ-caseins. β-caseins, in particular, show a temperature and concentration-dependent self-assembling behaviour. recently, β-casein micelles have been proposed as natural nanocarriers for the delivery of hydrophobic compounds, promoting their bioavailability. until now, all studies regarding both chemical-physical characterization and applications of β-caseins have employed the protein of bovine origin ... | 2019 | 30296645 |
| establishment of widely applicable dna extraction methods to identify the origins of crude drugs derived from animals using molecular techniques. | we established widely applicable dna extraction methods to identify the origins of crude drugs derived from animals. twenty-one samples including 17 kinds of crude drug derived from animals were examined. dna was extracted from most of the crude drugs by adjustment of the qiaamp® dna mini kit. dna extraction was performed successfully using phenol to remove impurities after applying a proteinase treatment. dna extraction was performed successfully by decalcification treatment using ethylenediami ... | 2019 | 30374697 |
| sequence and functional variability of toll-like receptor 9 gene in equines. | significant structural differences in the extracellular domain of toll-like receptor 9 (tlr9) account for species-specific recognition of its ligand cpg-odn sequences. tlr9 is extensively studied in human, mice and some domestic animals. the recognition ability appears to be utilized differently by various species and breeds, but so far no comprehensive study exists about the equine tlr9 gene. we characterized tlr9 sequences of marwari and zanskari breeds of horses and poitu donkey. we sequenced ... | 2019 | 30503611 |
| complications associated with closed castration using the henderson equine castration instrument in 300 standing equids. | to describe a closed castration technique in standing equids, report associated complications, and identify potential risk factors. | 2019 | 30367692 |
| [mothers’ responses to teething in children in ferlo, senegal]. | tooth eruption is a process that begins in infancy and continues throughout childhood and adolescence. this complex phenomenon induces systemic disorders requiring specific management. the objective of this study was to identify the therapeutic responses to teething in children in ferlo, senegal. | 2019 | 30541270 |
| field ultrasound evaluation of some gestational parameters in jennies. | the aim of this study was to collect and analyze ultrasound measurements of fetal-maternal structures during normal and pathological pregnancies in jennies, a livestock species of growing interest. for two breeding seasons, 38 jennies of different breeds and crossbreeds aged between 3 and 18 years were monitored weekly by transrectal examination using a portable esaote ultrasound (mylab™ 30 gold vet) with a 5-7.5 mhz probe. the jennies were divided into two groups, < 250 kg and >250 kg body weig ... | 2019 | 30544000 |
| first attempts for vitrification of immature oocytes in donkey (equus asinus): comparison of two vitrification methods. | most wild donkey breeds are severely threatened by poaching for meat, habitat loss, and competition with livestock for food resources. moreover, due to the mechanization in agriculture and in transport, most domestic donkey breeds are at risk of extinction. considering the importance of biodiversity and preservation of genetic resources, the creation of genetic banks for endangered donkey breeds is urgently needed. cryopreservation of immature jennies oocytes would be an efficient tool to allow ... | 2019 | 30590248 |
| political preferences of oral and maxillofacial surgeons: the elephant (and donkey) in the room. | 2019 | 30594670 | |
| a new molecular screening tool for the detection of chromosomal abnormalities in donkeys. | chromosomal abnormalities are a major cause of infertility and reproductive problems in equids. nowadays, their detection is rising due to the use of new diagnostic tools based on molecular markers instead of karyotyping. reports of this kind of genetic aberrations in domestic donkeys (equus asinus) are extremely scarce, despite their importance in human activities. in the present study, we analysed the implementation of a short-tandem-repeat (str)-based molecular method initially developed for ... | 2019 | 30597663 |
| aflatoxin m1 in cow, sheep, and donkey milk produced in sicily, southern italy. | samples (n = 485) of raw (n = 394) or heat-treated (n = 91) milk of three different species (cow, n = 170; sheep, n = 133; donkey, n = 84), collected 2013-2016 in western sicily (southern italy), were analyzed for aflatoxin m1 (afm1) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). positive elisa results were further analyzed by hplc with fluorescence detection. both methods had a detection limit for afm1 in milk of 7 ng kg-1. elisa yielded 12.9 and 5% positives in cows and sheep milk, respectively ... | 2019 | 30215192 |
| chronic iron overload causing haemochromatosis and hepatopathy in 21 horses and one donkey. | iron toxicosis is rarely reported in horses and chronic excessive oral iron intake has not been reported to cause clinical symptoms in equids. | 2019 | 30269378 |
| label-free based comparative proteomic analysis of whey proteins between different milk yields of dezhou donkey. | donkey milk, similar to human milk in compositions, has been suggested as the best potential hypoallergenic replacement diet for babies suffering from cow milk protein allergens and a promising nutraceutical for aged people. in this study, label-free mass spectrometry analysis was conducted to quantitatively identify the whey proteins differentially expressed in high-milk-yield samples compared with low-milk-yield samples. a total of 216 whey proteins were identified, and 19 of them showed signi ... | 2019 | 30482389 |
| ergonomic study of donkeys administered with pycnogenol® and subjected to packing during the hot-dry season in northern nigeria. | the aim of the study was to determine some ergonomic parameters of donkeys administered with pycnogenol® (pyc) and subjected to packing during the hot-dry season in northern nigeria. fifteen donkeys served as experimental subjects. group 1 (n = 5) donkeys were subjected to trekking only (control), group 2 (n = 5) donkeys were subjected to packing (p-pyc), and group 3 (n = 5) were administered with pyc (10 mg/kg) and subjected to packing (p+pyc). each group covered a distance of 10 km. some ergon ... | 2019 | 30187245 |
| prevalence of antibodies against toxoplasma gondii and neospora spp. in equids of western pará, brazil. | the present study aimed to determine the prevalence of antibodies against toxoplasma gondii and neospora spp. in equids raised for distinct purposes in the western state of pará, brazil, and to identify potential risk factors associated with parasite infection. a cross-sectional study was conducted with cluster sampling in 101 farms from 18 municipalities (farm horses). in visited municipalities, samples from sport and cart horses were included. serum was obtained for detecting antibodies agains ... | 2019 | 30267659 |
| a quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of equine (horse and donkey)-originated meat in processed bovine meat products. | meat is one of the most important basic foodstuffs in human nutrition. nowadays, adulteration and authenticity are common problems for meat products. identification of meat species is important in terms of consumer protection and prevention of adulteration. there are different methods to determine adulteration of meat and meat products. these methods are histological controls, serological tests, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. in this study, species identification and quantification ... | 2019 | 30149728 |
| a rapid and reliable multiplex pcr assay for simultaneous detection of fourteen animal species in two tubes. | a simple and rapid method for animal species identification to prevent food adulteration based on mitochondrial dna using two independent multiplex polymerase chain reactions (pcrs) and microchip electrophoresis was developed. this method was designed to identify fourteen domestic animals (group i: cattle, donkey, dog, fox, raccoon-dog, deer and horse; group ii: pig, sheep, goat, chicken, duck, cat and mouse) simultaneously using ten pairs of primers and three of which were degenerate primers. s ... | 2019 | 31174774 |
| evaluation of toxoplasma gondii propagated in specific pathogen free embryonated chicken egg, for diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in equids and human. | toxoplasma gondii (t. gondii) is a worldwide distribution infects a wide variety of mammals, including humans. the present study aimed to detect the efficacy of soluble and whole t. gondii antigens propagated in specific pathogen-free of embryonated chicken egg (spf-ece) used to improve the potency of serological assays for diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in equids and human. total of 220 serum samples from 170 equids (90 donkeys and 55 horses and 25 mules) and 50 humans were collected from different ... | 2019 | 31406416 |
| land use, redd+ and the status of wildlife populations in yaeda valley, northern tanzania. | redd+ projects primarily focus on reducing carbon emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries. these projects are regularly evaluated against their core objective of conserving carbon stocks, but their contribution to biodiversity conservation has rarely been assessed. to assess the conservation value of the area and the relative performance of a redd+ land use plan in yaeda valley, a semi-arid savannah ecosystem in northern tanzania, we implemented an annual wild ... | 2019 | 30947305 |
| efficacy of fda-approved anti-inflammatory drugs against venezuelan equine encephalitis virus infection. | venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (veev) is a category b select agent pathogen that can be aerosolized. infections in murine models and humans can advance to an encephalitic phenotype which may result in long-term neurological complications or death. no specific fda-approved treatments or vaccines are available for the treatment or prevention of veev infection. neurotropic viral infections have two damaging components: neuronal death caused by viral replication, and damage from the subsequent ... | 2019 | 31842327 |
| a molecular analysis of sand fly blood meals in a visceral leishmaniasis endemic region of northwestern ethiopia reveals a complex host-vector system. | visceral leishmaniasis (vl, or "kala-azar") is a major cause of disability and death, especially in east africa. its vectors, sand flies (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae), are poorly controlled and guarded against in these regions, owing in part to a lack of understanding about their feeding behavior. | 2019 | 31384683 |
| leptospirosis, one neglected disease in rural senegal. | a serological study was carried out in two senegalese villages located in the sine-saloum region in order to estimate the presence of anti-leptospiral antibodies in humans and animals, and to identify the predominant serogroups. seven hundred and forty-nine serum samples were collected from humans (n = 545), dogs (n = 33), donkeys (n = 20), goats (n = 52), sheep (n = 43) and n'dama cattle (n = 56), all originated from dielmo and ndiop villages. all samples were tested for different serovars of p ... | 2019 | 31342674 |
| factors associated with the distribution of natural toxoplasma gondii infection among equids in northeastern brazil. | the aim of this study was to determine the frequency and factors associated with toxoplasma gondii in naturally infected equids in northeastern brazil. serum samples from 569 equids (528 horses, 8 mules and 33 donkeys) were subjected to the indirect fluorescent antibody test. generalized linear models were used to evaluate associated factors. among the 569 animals sampled, 118 (30.6%) living in rural areas and 14 (26.42%) in urban areas were seropositive (p>0.05). seropositive animals were obser ... | 2019 | 31215612 |
| the first case of botulism in a donkey. | botulism, a severe neuroparalytic disease that can affect humans, all warm-blooded animals, and some fishes, is caused by exotoxins produced by ubiquitous, obligate anaerobic, spore-forming bacteria belonging to the genus clostridium and named botulinum neurotoxin (bont)-producing clostridia. this report presents the case of a 3-year-old donkey mare referred for progressive and worsening dysphagia of four days' duration. her voluntary effort in eating and drinking was conserved, and she was able ... | 2019 | 31096593 |
| efficacy and safety of ethanolic curcuma longa extract as a treatment for sand tampan ticks in a rabbit model. | the soft tick ornithodoros savignyi is distributed throughout africa, including egypt. it primarily attacks camels, cattle, donkeys, and cows; and rarely affects humans. this study evaluated the acaricidal efficacy of ethanolic curcuma longa extract (turmeric) on the second nymphs of o. savignyi and then investigated the safety of this herb in rabbits. | 2019 | 32546931 |
| west nile virus associated with equid encephalitis in brazil, 2018. | mosquito-borne arboviruses are a major public health concern worldwide and are responsible for emerging and re-emerging diseases. taken together, the arboviruses have a strong impact on public health and are the most common causes of equine encephalitis. in-depth diagnostic investigation of equine viral encephalitis is of utmost importance for the epidemiological surveillance and control of this disease. regarding neurological disorders in equids, in april-may 2018, at least 12 cases of equid mo ... | 2019 | 30318735 |
| ixodid ticks on wild donkeys in a mediterranean nature reserve (asinara national park): diversity and risk factors. | the sardinian coloured donkey equus asinus (perissodactyla: equidae) and its albino colour morph represent the wildlife species most typical of the island of asinara. this mediterranean island represents a favourable context for ticks and tick-borne diseases; however, knowledge of the tick fauna on asinara is scarce. a total of 106 sardinian donkeys were inspected for tick infestation from june to november 2015. all ticks found were collected, classified by stage and sex, and identified to speci ... | 2019 | 30569463 |
| a study regarding bovine enterovirus type 1 infection in domestic animals and humans: an evaluation from the zoonotic aspect. | bovine enteroviruses (bev) are members of enterovirus genus of the family picornaviridae. bev1 has a broad host spectrum, including humans. the virus usually causes subclinical infection, but fatal/severe cases have also been reported in different animal species. there is quite limited data regarding bev1 in humans. the purpose of this study is to investigate human infection and to identify possible risk factors for viral exposure. for this purpose, blood serum samples (n=1,526) were collected f ... | 2019 | 31564680 |
| human cathelicidin peptide ll-37 as a therapeutic antiviral targeting venezuelan equine encephalitis virus infections. | venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (veev), a new world alphavirus belonging to the togaviridae family, causes periodic disease outbreaks in humans and equines with high associated mortality and morbidity. veev is highly infectious via the aerosol route and so has been developed as a biological weapon (hawley and eitzen, 2001). despite its current classification as a category b select agent, there are no fda approved vaccines or therapeutics to counter veev infections. here we utilize a natural ... | 2019 | 30738837 |
| [detection of hev rna amounts and genotypes in raw milks obtained from different animals]. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is one of the major foodborne viral pathogens transmitted through the fecal-oral route. four genotypes of hev are known to infect humans and it is reported that different types of hev are active in zoonotic transitions. it is known that the hev genotype 1 and hev genotype 2 infections are generally acute and the hev genotype 3 infections are chronic. therefore, in the studies related to hev infections, it is important to determine the genotypes to monitortreatment regimen ... | 2019 | 30683038 |
| coprological detection of equine nematodes among slaughtered donkeys (equus asinus) in kaltungo, nigeria. | this study aimed to investigate the prevalence and intensity of nematode infection among slaughtered donkeys in kaltungo, nigeria. | 2019 | 32095040 |
| dynamics of infestation by rhinoestrus usbekistanicus in donkeys (equus asinus) in tunisia. | examination of a total of 125 slaughtered donkeys in tunisian slaughterhouses revealed the presence of 1,508 larvae of rhinoestrus usbekistanicus in their nasal cavities, with an overall infestation prevalence of 52.8%. the highest overall intensity (number of larvae per infested donkey) and abundance (number of larvae per donkey examined) of infestation were reported in winter (35.6 and 12.1, respectively). larvae 1 (l1) were the most frequent stage and reached a peak prevalence of 100% during ... | 2019 | 32286572 |
| kinematic, bioenergetic and oxidative evaluations of donkey sperm preserved at +4°c. | information on donkey sperm bioenergetics, kinetics and oxidative status is scarce even though crucial for development of reproductive technologies and germplasm conservation. for these reasons, it is interesting to monitor sperm kinetics, bioenergetics, and oxidative status during sperm storage at +4°c and with several sperm extenders and concentrations. donkey semen was collected from three jackasses, three times each. it was diluted with four extenders (kenney, equiplus, inra96 or hippex), se ... | 2020 | 32285764 |
| evaluation of xylazine-alfaxalone anesthesia for field castration in donkey foals. | to evaluate the anesthetic and cardiopulmonary effects of xylazine-alfaxalone anesthesia in donkey foals undergoing field castration. | 2020 | 32278647 |
| sequence characterization and n-glycoproteomics of secretory immunoglobulin a from donkey milk. | secretory immunoglobulin a (siga) is the major antibody present in the human milk where it confers passive immunity to neonates. other than human, non-ruminants such as equine, swine etc., also possess siga in milk but detailed characterization is limited. in the present study, we characterized siga from donkey milk for amino acid sequence and n-glycosylation through lc-ms/ms analysis. the complete amino acid sequence of alpha chain constant region (ch) was elucidated. the sequence analysis of v ... | 2020 | 32251747 |
| effects of red-light irradiation on the function and survival of fresh and liquid-stored donkey semen. | this study sought to determine whether sperm irradiation using a light emission diode (led) at 620-630 nm affects the motility, membrane integrity (viability), mitochondrial activity and intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ros) in fresh diluted and liquid-stored donkey semen. with this purpose, sixteen ejaculates (eight fresh diluted and eight cooled-stored) were collected from eight adult jackasses. fresh semen samples were diluted in kenney extender and stimulated with red-light a ... | 2020 | 32247951 |
| genotypes and haplotype combination of acsl3 gene sequence variants is associated with growth traits in dezhou donkey. | exploring molecular markers related to economic traits of livestock is of great significance to breeding. long-chain fatty acid coa synthetase (acsl) plays a crucial role in lipid synthesis and metabolism, which may affect animal growth. this study was to investigate the polymorphism of acsl gene and its association with the growth trait of the donkey. three insertions and two deletions were detected on the introns of acsl3 gene in 450 dezhou donkeys using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. aft ... | 2020 | 32217139 |
| evaluation of acquired passive immunity in mule foals up to 60 days of age. | ten mule foals were used to investigate serum igg concentration. blood was collected from mares and foals on the day following parturition (d1), at 48 and 72 hr after birth (d2 and d3), and on d7, d14, d21, d28, d35, d42, and d60. serum igg concentration was determined by zinc sulfate turbidity test and was above 400 mg/dl at all time points, except for one foal on d2. mean values were above 800 mg/dl from d1 to d7 and at d60. the difference between mares and foals at each collection time was si ... | 2020 | 32206032 |
| prevalence of trypanosoma evansi in livestock in palestine. | trypanosoma evansi is the causative agent of surra, a disease that occurs in many animal species. the disease is responsible for substantial losses in global production and can be fatal if not diagnosed early. this study aims to determine the prevalence of t. evansi in livestock, equids and dromedary camels in palestine. | 2020 | 31931864 |
| molecular and genomic characterization of a novel equine molluscum contagiosum-like virus. | cases of pox-like lesions in horses and donkeys have been associated with poxviruses belonging to different genera of the family poxviridae. these include the orthopoxviruses vaccinia virus (vacv), horsepoxvirus (hpxv) and cowpoxvirus (cpxv), as well as a potentially novel parapoxvirus and molluscum contagiosum virus (mocv). however, with the exception of vacv, hpxv and cpxv, the genomic characterization of the causative agents remains largely elusive with only single short genome fragments avai ... | 2020 | 31922947 |
| variation in disease phenotype is marked in equine trypanosomiasis. | equine trypanosomiasis is a severe and prevalent disease that has the greatest impact globally upon working equids due to its distribution across lower income countries. morbidity and mortality rates are high; disease management strategies in endemic regions are ineffective and cost prohibitive. individual variation in disease phenotype in other species suggests host factors could reveal novel treatment and control targets but has not been investigated in equids. | 2020 | 32199454 |
| donkey milk inhibits triple-negative breast tumor progression and is associated with increased cleaved-caspase-3 expression. | donkey milk is considered an ideal substitute for human milk and is considered a potential complementary dairy product for the treatment of a variety of human diseases, including cancer. the purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of donkey colostrum (dc) and mature milk (dm) on 4t1 triple-negative breast cancer (tnbc) tumors in mice. metabolomics analyses showed that a total of 476 possible metabolites were found in both types of milk. among them, 34 differential metaboli ... | 2020 | 32191229 |
| cross-anatomical, radiographic and computed tomographic study of the stifle joint of donkeys (equus africanus asinus). | the present investigation was conducted to provide a full anatomical description of the stifle joint of donkeys using 3d computed tomography imaging technique, in addition to the classic anatomical methods, such as radiography and cross-anatomical sectioning. the radiography and ct imaging of stifle joint were interpreted in comparison with cross-sectional anatomical sections. volume-rendering reconstruction techniques (3d-ct) were used to describe the anatomical structure of stifle joint. the u ... | 2020 | 32175631 |
| banat donkey, a neglected donkey breed from the central balkans (serbia). | the dominant donkey breed in the balkans is the mid-sized balkan donkey with a grey to chocolate coat color. local breeders from serbia, however, still maintain a few larger individuals of a lighter coat color, named banat donkey, and speculate that they are descendants of a spanish donkey heard that had been transferred to the banat region by the hapsburg queen maria theresa in the xviii century for a specific purpose, to work in local vineyards. we have previously found a unique nuclear gene-p ... | 2020 | 32175186 |
| a cross-sectional survey of foaling-related parameters of jennies (equus asinus) under smallholder farm conditions in northeast china. | it is important to assess the reproductive efficiency and improve the reproductive management to promote the donkey population development. the overall foaling-related parameters of jennies under smallholder farm conditions in china were hardly under investigation. a cross-sectional survey of randomly selected 694 smallholder farms was conducted in 40 villages in the north, east, and south areas of western liaoning province and eastern inner mongolia autonomous region between march and july, 201 ... | 2020 | 32172918 |
| performance of host-associated genetic markers for microbial source tracking in china. | numerous genetic markers have been developed to establish microbial source tracking (mst) assays in the last decade. however, the selection of suitable markers is challenging due to a lack of understanding of fundamental factors such as sensitivity, specificity, and concentration in target/nontarget hosts, especially in east asia. in this study, a total of 506 faecal samples comprised of human and 12 nonhuman hosts were collected from 28 cities across china and tested for marker performance char ... | 2020 | 32171096 |
| first highly sensitive and specific competitive elisa for detection of bovine besnoitiosis with potential as a multi-species test. | serological cross-reactions represent a serious problem in some currently available tests to diagnose besnoitia infections in many species including cattle, caribou and donkeys. false-positive results are due to the low positive-predictive value of these serological tests for besnoitiosis. these tests therefore have clear limitations if large herds are screened in areas with low prevalence, since increased numbers of false-positive reactions require confirmatory testing by alternative serologica ... | 2020 | 32169472 |
| biochemical characterisation and application of keratinase from bacillus thuringiensis mt1 to enable valorisation of hair wastes through biosynthesis of vitamin b-complex. | this study reports on the exploitation of keratinous hydrolysate by keratinase enzymes to produce vitamin b-complex. toward this end, keratinase enzyme was produced by bacillus thuringiensis strain mt1, newly isolated from cattle-yard utilising donkey hairs. scanning electron microscope (sem) and fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (ftir) analyses demonstrated hairs disintegration and the disruption of the disulphide bonds of the keratin structure, respectively. the biochemical characte ... | 2020 | 32151720 |
| the prevalence of uveitis in a population of donkeys in the uk. | uveitis is reported to be a leading cause of blindness in horses. little work has been undertaken to date to investigate whether donkeys are affected by a similar disease prevalence. | 2020 | 32145036 |
| col2a1 and caspase-3 as promising biomarkers for osteoarthritis prognosis in an equus asinus model. | osteoarthritis (oa) is one of the most degenerative joint diseases in both human and veterinary medicine. the objective of the present study was the early diagnosis of oa in donkeys using a reliable grading of the disease based on clinical, chemical, and molecular alterations. oa was induced by intra-articular injection of 25 mg monoiodoacetate (mia) as a single dose into the left radiocarpal joint of nine donkeys. animals were clinically evaluated through the assessment of lameness score, radio ... | 2020 | 32111016 |
| childhood horse and donkey bites; a single tertiary health center experience in a rural area. | the aim of this study was to examine the characteristics of patients presenting to a pediatric emergency department in a rural province of turkey due to horse and donkey bites and to analyze whether these features differ from those of more common animal bites in rural areas. | 2020 | 32110542 |
| monitoring acute pain in donkeys with the equine utrecht university scale for donkeys composite pain assessment (equus-donkey-compass) and the equine utrecht university scale for donkey facial assessment of pain (equus-donkey-fap). | objective pain assessment in donkeys is of vital importance for improving welfare in a species that is considered stoic. this study presents the construction and testing of two pain scales, the equine utrecht university scale for donkey composite pain assessment (equus-donkey-compass) and the equine utrecht university scale for donkey facial assessment of pain (equus-donkey-fap), in donkeys with acute pain. a cohort follow-up study using 264 adult donkeys (n = 12 acute colic, n = 25 acute orthop ... | 2020 | 32098391 |
| equine milk production and valorization of marginal areas-a review. | the equine dairy chain is renewing the interest toward horse and donkey breeding for the production of milk with potential health promoting properties. the dairy equine chain for human consumption could contribute to the rural eco-sustainable development for the micro-economies of those areas threatened by marginalization. as a part of the whole equine industry, and its possible impact in the modern and future society, the main traits of the equine dairy enterprise are reviewed with a special fo ... | 2020 | 32098374 |
| genetic characterization of piroplasms in donkeys and horses from nigeria. | equine piroplasmosis (ep) is a tick-borne disease of equids, caused by the two haemoprotozoal parasites: theileria equi and babesia caballi. nigeria constitutes a major crossroads of animal transport in west africa and may serve as a factor in ep dissemination in the region. the study aim was to characterize ep parasites in donkeys and horses in northern nigeria using a molecular approach. blood was collected from 57 donkeys and 47 horses. ep infection was detected and characterized by polymeras ... | 2020 | 32085574 |
| development and validation of a rapid kit for authenticity of murine meat in meat products with a species-specific pcr assay. | adulteration of meat products with murine meat poses a huge threat to consumer health and leads to serious disruption in food markets. species authentication of murine meat is still technically challenging. we, therefore, developed a species-specific pcr kit consisting of murine meat dna extraction, pcr reaction and identifying systems. we designed novel universal primers targeting highly conserved region on mitochondrial cytochrome b gene (cyt b) from four murines (lab rats, lab mice, wild rat ... | 2020 | 32039648 |
| doppler evaluation of renal resistivity index in healthy conscious horses and donkeys. | the renal resistive index (rri) is used as a measurement of downstream resistance in arteries. the aim of this study was to assess the rri of the arcuate arteries by pulsed-wave doppler ultrasonography in healthy conscious horses and donkeys, and to verify any differences related to age, breed, bodyweight (bw) or body condition (bcs). thirty-three healthy conscious horses and nine donkeys had their systolic and diastolic flow velocities at the level of the arcuate arteries estimated by pulsed-wa ... | 2020 | 32027703 |
| the recycling of the expired donkey-hide gelatin pulp for n/s co-doped hollow carbon nano-spheres anode in sodium ion battery. | how to reasonably manage and reutilize the waste expired liquid medicines has always been a puzzling public concern. for this reason, the waste expired medicine of donkey-hide gelatin pulp was recycled by hydrothermal carbonization and hard template for n/s co-doped hard carbon material, and its electrochemical na-storage performances were also evaluated. the results showed that the resultant n/s co-doped hard carbon material manifested the morphology of hollow nano-spheres with the mean diamete ... | 2020 | 32026369 |
| zoonotic potential of enterocytozoon bieneusi and giardia duodenalis in horses and donkeys in northern china. | limited data are available on infection rates and genetic identity of enterocytozoon bieneusi and giardia duodenalis in horses and donkeys. in this study, 865 fecal specimens were collected from donkeys (n = 540) and horses (n = 325) in three provinces and autonomous regions in northern china during 2015-2019. enterocytozoon bieneusi was detected and genotyped by pcr and sequence analyses of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (its) and g. duodenalis was detected and genotyped by pcr and s ... | 2020 | 32006227 |
| superstition, misconceptions, and magical beliefs in burns patients-a cross-sectional study of 100 patients. | superstitious beliefs have been frequently encountered in our day-to-day practices among patients and caretakers. though this is a common phenomenon, there is a paucity of data pertaining to these beliefs due to various reasons. many of these beliefs are deep engraved into the culture and mindsets of the population. this is an observational study performed in tertiary burn care center in india during period october 1, 2018 to january 31, 2019. data from 100 patient units were collected through a ... | 2020 | 31996923 |
| development of a real-time pcr assay for the detection of donkey (equus asinus) meat in meat mixtures treated under different processing conditions. | in this study, a donkey-specific primer pair and probe were designed from mitochondrial cytochrome b gene for the detection of raw donkey meat and different processed meat mixtures. the pcr product size for donkey dna was 99 bp, and primer specificity was verified using 20 animal species. the limit of detection (lod) was examined by serially diluting donkey dna. using real-time pcr, 0.001 ng of donkey dna could be detected. in addition, binary meat mixtures with various percentages of donkey mea ... | 2020 | 31991914 |
| the cryoprotective effect of ficoll 70 on the post-warming survival and quality of cryotop-vitrified donkey embryos. | many domestic donkey breeds are at risk of extinction, there is a critical urgency for genome resource banking. in the present study, we examined whether the use of ficoll 70 added to the vitrification medium containing ethylene glycol (eg), dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso) and sucrose improves the cryotolerance of donkey in vivo derived embryos. day 7-8, grade 1-2 donkey embryos were measured and morphologically evaluated and then vitrified-warmed using the cryotop technique. before vitrification, emb ... | 2020 | 31757484 |
| the non-invasive measurement of faecal immunoglobulin in african equids. | eco-immunological research is encumbered by a lack of basic research in a wild context and by the availability of few non-invasive tools to measure the internal state of wild animals. the recent development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for measuring immunoglobulins in faecal samples from soay sheep prompted us to optimize such an assay to measure immunoglobulin a (iga: an antibody associated with parasitic nematode fecundity) in faecal samples from equids. we measured total iga in dom ... | 2020 | 32528845 |
| neospora caninum infection in iran (2004-2020): a review. | knowledge on neosporosis and associated risk factors in different species of animals are so important for designing the control programs and reduce the economic losses globally. this literature review targeted for evaluating the infection rate of neospora caninum in animals in iran. until april 2020, all of published documents in the main english and persian-language databases were searched. a total number of 110 documents (english = 85 and persian = 25) were extracted. most of reports were sero ... | 2020 | 32929312 |
| comparison of carcass and meat quality obtained from mule and donkey. | the aim of this study was to compare the carcass characteristics and the chemical and physical parameters of the meat produced by 10 male crossbred donkeys and 10 male mules slaughtered at 16 ± 1 years of age. the carcass weight and dressing percentage were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in mules. samples of the muscle longissimus thoracis (lt) were analyzed. donkey meat showed a higher fat content, while the glycogen content was higher in the mule lt. the total collagen content was higher in t ... | 2020 | 32927781 |
| comparison of working equid welfare across three regions of mexico. | factors affecting working equid welfare are wide-ranging and reflect cultural, economic and climatic conditions, the type of work equids are used for, and individual differences in the practices of their handlers. in mexico working equids are widely used for facilitating agricultural activities, however, welfare issues are common. | 2020 | 32920907 |
| effect of social organisation on interspecific differences in overmarking behaviour of foals in african equids. | overmarking remains an unstudied topic in juvenile mammals. we have previously documented a very high rate of overmarking by foals in four captive african equid species: mountain zebra (equus zebra), plains zebra (equus quagga), grévy's zebra (equus grevyi), and african wild ass (equus africanus). african equids vary interspecifically in their social organisation. since differences in social organisation affect many mammalian behaviours, in this study we investigated interspecific differences in ... | 2020 | 31728806 |
| molecular characterization in the toll-like receptor 9 gene of cape mountain zebra (equus zebra zebra) from three populations. | toll-like receptors (tlr) are a family of proteins that signal activation of the innate immune response through the recognition of a variety of pathogen molecular compounds. here, we characterized the complete tlr9 gene in cape mountain zebra (equus zebra zebra) from three populations in south africa and compared sequences to a variety of horse and donkey breeds. overall, we identified six single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps). a single snp (g586s) was non-synonymous, whereas the remaining snps ... | 2020 | 31734289 |
| a new strain of taylorella asinigenitalis shows differing pathogenicity in mares and jenny donkeys. | three horse mares inadvertently inseminated with semen from a tayorella asinigenitalis-positive jack donkey developed severe, purulent endometritis whereas two jenny donkeys mated naturally to the same jack donkey did not develop clinical signs of infection. | 2020 | 33174229 |
| pharmacokinetics and ex vivo pharmacodynamics of minocycline against salmonella abortus equi in donkey plasma and tissue cage fluid. | tissue cage (tc) model was used to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and ex vivo pharmacodynamics of minocycline (mino) after intramuscular (im) administration to donkeys at 4 mg/kg body-weight. the cmax of mino with 1.79 and 2.63 μg ml-1 was obtained at 2.96 and 1.41 h in tcf (tissue cage fluid) and plasma respectively. the absorption half-lives (t1/2ka) of mino were calculated to be 0.71 h in tcf and 0.32 h in plasma, whereas the elimination half-lives (t1/2ke) were 10.46 h in tcf and 5.95 h in pl ... | 2020 | 33066989 |
| ethological and physiological parameters assessment in donkeys used in animal assisted interventions. | few studies have been performed to identify objective indicators for the selection of therapeutic donkeys or to assess their welfare during animal-assisted interventions (aais) objective: this study aimed to evaluate the response to the ethological test and the modifications of physiological parameters in donkeys subjected to aai sessions. | 2020 | 33066258 |
| variability analyses of the maternal lineage of horses and donkeys. | equid breeds originating from the iberian peninsula and north africa are believed to have genetically contributed to the formation of breeds and ecotypes from brazil. the country has numerous breeds and ecotypes of horses and donkeys but there are no extensive studies on maternal genetic diversity and their origins. this study reports the results of the first genetic analysis of all horse and donkey breeds/ecotypes from brazil based on sequences of the mitochondrial dna control region (d-loop) w ... | 2020 | 33065240 |
| a novel 13-plex str typing system for individual identification and parentage testing of donkeys (equus asinus). | previous studies investigating donkey parentage and genetic diversity used horse-specific multiplex systems. however, several mis-allele and null-allele issues were found with some of the horse primers when used in donkeys. in 2017, the international society for animal genetics (isag) recommended 13 dinucleotide short tandem repeats (strs) (aht4, asb23, hms2, hms3, hms6, hms7, hms18, htg7, htg10, tky297, tky312, tky337 and tky343) as a core panel that should be used to identify individuals and t ... | 2020 | 31398262 |
| seroprevalence of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever in domesticated animals in northwestern senegal. | crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a tick-borne disease that can be contracted by direct contact with viremic animals or humans. in west africa, recurrent cchf outbreaks have been constantly observed in mauritania and senegal. moreover, acquisition and epidemiology of the infection in humans are correlated with the occurrence and the seroprevalence of the virus in livestock. the main objective of this study is to provide updated information on the local spread of cchf in animals in the no ... | 2020 | 32429789 |
| immersion foot syndrome in 6 equids exposed to hurricane floodwaters. | prolonged exposure to water, known as immersion foot syndrome in humans, is a phenomenon first described in soldiers during world war i and characterized by dermal ischemic necrosis. in this report, we describe the pathologic findings of a condition resembling immersion foot syndrome in 5 horses and 1 donkey with prolonged floodwater exposure during hurricane harvey. at necropsy, all animals had dermal defects ventral to a sharply demarcated "water line" along the lateral trunk. in 5 animals, hi ... | 2020 | 32081085 |
| detection of selection signatures underlying production and adaptive traits based on whole-genome sequencing of six donkey populations. | donkeys (equus asinus) are an important farm animal. after long-term natural and artificial selection, donkeys now exhibit a variety of body sizes and production performance values. in this study, six donkey breeds, representing different regions and phenotypes, were used for second-generation resequencing. the sequencing results revealed more than seven million single nucleotide variants (snvs), with an average of more than four million snvs per species. we combined two methods, z-transformed h ... | 2020 | 33036357 |
| anthelmintic efficacy of strongyle nematodes to ivermectin and fenbendazole on working donkeys (equus asinus) in and around hosaena town, southern ethiopia. | gastrointestinal helminth parasite infection is a major influencing factor against profitability of working equines all over the world. | 2020 | 33029340 |
| a pilot serosurvey for selected pathogens in feral donkeys (equus asinus). | recent removal and relocation of feral donkeys from vast public lands to more concentrated holding pens, training facilities, and offsite adoption locations raises several health and welfare concerns. very little is known regarding the common equid pathogens that are circulating within the feral donkey population in and around death valley national park, california, usa. the aim of this study was to utilize serologic assays to assess previous exposure of these donkeys to equine herpesvirus 1 (eh ... | 2020 | 33023217 |
| flesh id: nanopore sequencing combined with offline blast search for the identification of meat source. | detection of animal species in meat product is crucial to prevent adulterated and unnecessary contamination during processing, in addition to avoid allergy and religious consequences. gold standard is the real-time pcr assays, which has a limited target capability. in this study, we have established a rapid sequencing protocol to identify animal species within hours. sequencing was achieved by nanopore sequencing and data analysis via offline blast search. the whole procedure was conducted in a ... | 2020 | 33019679 |
| fetal lesions of ehv-1 in equine. | ehv-1 infection is responsible for huge economic losses in equines due to abortion and neonatal mortality. in this study, we describe 4 cases of abortion and neonatal deaths from pregnant mares and a she-donkey from different localities in egypt during the period from may 2015 to october 2017. attempts were made to isolate and identify ehv-1, in addition to compare the different pathological lesions in various tissues of the necropsied cases. ehv-1 was successfully isolated from two aborted fetu ... | 2020 | 32965312 |
| children's road-crossing behavior: emotional decision making and emotion-based temperamental fear and anger. | child pedestrian injuries represent a global public health burden. to date, most research on psychosocial factors affecting children's risk of pedestrian injury focused on cognitive aspects of children's functioning in traffic. recent evidence suggests, however, that emotional aspects such as temperament-based fear and anger/frustration, as well as executive function-based emotional decision making, may also affect children's safety in traffic. this study examined the role of emotions on childre ... | 2020 | 32951057 |
| seroprevalence and risk factors associated with equine piroplasmosis in north egypt. | equine piroplasmosis (ep) is caused by theileria equi and/or babesia caballi and has economic importance particularly in equines reared in poor management systems. this study is based on celisa test to study the seroprevalence of ep among 370 horses and 150 donkeys in four governorates north egypt. additionally, its risk factors were studied for the first time. the seroprevalence rates 36.5 %, 20 %, and 5.6 % for t. equi, b. caballi, and mixed infections, respectively. the highest antibody level ... | 2020 | 32950955 |
| fatal multiple outbreaks of equine influenza h3n8 in nigeria, 2019: the first introduction of florida clade 1 to west africa. | in december 2018, suspected outbreaks of equine influenza (ei) were observed in donkeys in sokoto state, in the extreme northwest of nigeria bordering the republic of the niger. equine influenza virus (eiv) subtype h3n8 was the etiologic agent identified in the outbreaks using real-time rt-qpcr and sequencing of both the partial haemagglutinin (ha) gene and the complete genome. since then the h3n8 virus spread to 7 of the 19 northern states of nigeria, where it affected both donkeys and horses. ... | 2020 | 32891950 |
| fatal donkey bite in children: a case report. | although animal-inflicted injuries are a worldwide major public health problem, lethal donkey bites have very rarely been reported. we describe the case of a 21-month-old girl that was found dead in a farmyard next to a donkey that belonged to the family. examination of the body showed bite marks on the right side of the neck and the upper part of the shoulder. death was attributed to cervical trauma and spine injuries from a donkey attack. | 2020 | 32889631 |
| investigation of the cyprus donkey milk bacterial diversity by 16s rdna high-throughput sequencing on a cyprus donkey farm. | the interest in milk originating from donkeys is growing worldwide due to its claimed functional and nutritional properties, especially for sensitive population groups, such as infants with cow milk protein allergy. the current study aimed to assess the microbiological quality of donkey milk produced in a donkey farm in cyprus using culture-based and high-throughput sequencing techniques. the culture-based microbiological analysis showed very low microbial counts, whereas important food-borne pa ... | 2020 | 33162091 |
| microbial profile antibacterial properties and chemical composition of raw donkey milk. | the human interest in donkey milk is growing due to its nutritional, functional properties and excellent microbiological quality according to published reports. however, more research needs to be conducted to assess the above variables from various breeds. in the present study, milk samples were collected from 17 cypriot and six arcadian healthy greek donkeys. the microbiological quality, somatic cell counts (scc), chemical composition analysis, and antimicrobial activity of the samples was asse ... | 2020 | 33143191 |