Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| antimicrobial activity of a novel des-fluoro (6) quinolone, garenoxacin (bms-284756), compared to other quinolones, against clinical isolates from cancer patients. | the in vitro spectrum of a novel des-fluoro (6) quinolone, garenoxacin (bms-284756), was compared with that of ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and trovafloxacin against 736 clinical isolates from cancer patients. garenoxacin was the most active agent overall against gram-positive organisms, with potent activity against aerococcus spp., micrococcus spp., rhodococcus equi, stomatococcus mucilaginous, bacillus spp., enterococcus faecalis, listeria monocytogenes, methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus ... | 2002 | 12458127 |
| development and characterization of murine monoclonal antibodies specific for dissimilatoric copper nitrite reductase. | several hybridoma cell lines from mice were established, producing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against the dissimilatoric copper nitrite reductase (dnir) to detect actual denitrifying bacteria at the single cell level under nondestructive conditions in the environment. the mice were immunized with native or recombinant enzyme gained from two different bacteria, ochrobactrum anthropi and alcaligenes faecalis. the antibodies obtained could be divided into two groups according to their di ... | 2002 | 12470477 |
| cloning of an intracellular d(-)-3-hydroxybutyrate-oligomer hydrolase gene from ralstonia eutropha h16 and identification of the active site serine residue by site-directed mutagenesis. | an intracellular d(-)-3-hydroxybutyrate (3hb)-oligomer hydrolase gene from ralstonia eutropha (formerly alcaligenes eutrophus) h16 was cloned, sequenced, and characterized. as a hybridization probe to screen restriction digests of chromosomal dna, an extracellular 3hb-oligomer hydrolase gene from ralstonia pickettii strain (formerly pseudomonas sp. strain) a1 was used. a specific hybridization signal was obtained and a 6.5-kbp smai fragment was cloned in an escherichia coli phagemid vector. the ... | 2002 | 16233278 |
| bacterial growth and biofilm production on pyrene. | enrichment cultures inoculated with arctic soil yielded a biofilm that grew on pyrene and phenanthrene. in a 60-day period, the biofilm degraded 20 microg ml(-1) pyrene or 39 microg ml(-1) phenanthrene. single colonized pyrene crystals (approximately 1.5x0.75x0.35 mm) yielded 10(11) culturable heterotrophs and 10(5) biofilm propagules. analysis of ribosomal intergenic spacers identified six phylotypes in a clone library from the pyrene biofilm. analysis of 16s rrna gene sequences indicated that ... | 2002 | 19709207 |
| microbial community composition at an ethane pyrolysis plant site at different hydrocarbon inputs. | aerobic biodegradation of c5+, a contaminant at ethane pyrolysis plants, consisting mainly of benzene, toluene, xylene, styrene, dicyclopentadiene (dcpd) and naphthalene, removes all components except the recalcitrant dcpd. the number (n) of total culturable heterotrophs in contaminated and uncontaminated soil cultures increased up to three orders of magnitude upon incubation with c5+, or with c5+ components other than dcpd. exposure of soil cultures to c5+ for 2-4 weeks and to dcpd for a furthe ... | 2002 | 19709231 |
| molecular characterization of microbial community in nitrate-removing activated sludge. | abstract the microbial community composition and dominant denitrifying populations in high-nitrate-removing (cr-i) and low-nitrate-removing (cr-ii) activated sludge from continuous bioreactors were investigated with most probable number (mpn) enumeration, fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) and 16s rdna characterization. mpns of nitrate-reducing bacteria of sludge cr-i and sludge cr-ii were 2.82x10(7) and 2.69x10(4) colony-forming units ml(-1), respectively. eight denitrifying bacteria and ... | 2002 | 19709242 |
| nitrite reductase genes in halobenzoate degrading denitrifying bacteria. | abstract diversity of the functional genes encoding dissimilatory nitrite reductase was investigated for the first time in denitrifying halobenzoate degrading bacteria and in two 4-chlorobenzoate degrading denitrifying consortia. nitrite reductase genes were pcr-amplified with degenerate primers (specific to the two different types of respiratory nitrite reductase, nirs and nirk), cloned and sequenced to determine which type of nitrite reductase was present in each isolate and consortium. halobe ... | 2003 | 19719666 |
| [epidemiological survey of bacteria isolated from the respiratory tract of cystic fibrosis patients]. | with the aim of characterizing the evolution of the epidemiological profile of respiratory bacterial infections of patients having cystic fibrosis (cf), the authors conducted a retrospective analysis about it's incidence and prevalence in 78 cf patients followed at the cf specialized centre, paediatric department, santa maria hospital, lisbon, during a 5 years period (1995-1999). pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most frequently isolated bacteria during the first three years of the study (60-73%), ... | 2003 | 19771691 |
| influence of growth phase on bacterial cell electrokinetic characteristics examined by soft particle electrophoresis theory. | the influence of incubation time on the electrokinetic properties of escherichia coli, pseudomonas putida, alcaligenes faecalis, and alcaligenes sp., was examined by electrophoretic mobility measurements and the results were discussed based on ohshima's soft particle theory. the electrophoretic mobility of e. coli plotted against incubation time revealed that the mobility gradually increased from the outset of incubation to 7 h, which corresponded to the exponential growth and early stationary p ... | 2003 | 16256681 |
| [a dicarboxylate monoamide amidohydrolase (half-amidase) from alcaligenes eutrophus 112r4]. | a dicarboxylate monoamide amidohydrolase (half-amidase) was identified from a cyclicimide-metabolizing microorganism, alcaligenes eutrophus 112r4. the enzyme catalyzed the hydrolysis of monoamidated dicarboxylates, which were the hydrolyzing products of cyclic imides by imidase, to dicarboxylates and ammonia. the enzyme showed high catalytic activity to succinamic acid, but no obvious activity to aliphatic amides, amino acid amides, n-carbamoyl amino acids and urea was observed. the productions ... | 2003 | 16276876 |
| burkholderia and emerging pathogens in cystic fibrosis. | persons with cystic fibrosis (cf) are susceptible to respiratory tract infection with a variety of bacterial species. among these are several species in the genus burkholderia (including members of the b. cepacia complex, b. gladioli, and b. pseudomallei), stenotrophomonas maltophilia, achromobacter ( alcaligenes) xylosoxidans, certain ralstonia species, and species within the new genus pandoraea. enterobacteriaceae and several other rather unusual or novel species also can be found. many of the ... | 2003 | 16088584 |
| microanatomical and biological aspects of bacterial associations in tyrophagus putrescentiae (acari: acaridida). | the occurrence of bacterial colonies in the mesenchymal tissue of tyrophagus putrescentiae schrank was studied. one algal and two fungal species were offered as food. the experiment was analysed histologically and via transmission electron microscopy and plating of the mite homogenate. the dominant bacterium species, the bacterium population density in the mesenchyme, the location of bacterium groups between the internal organs and the ultrastructure were investigated. there were conspicuous dif ... | 2003 | 14756405 |
| non-fermenters in human infections. | one thousand and one hundred thirty non-fermenting gram negative bacteria were isolated from various samples. of these, pseudomonas aeruginosa was the commonest isolate (72.83%) followed by acinetobacter anitratus (8.4%), alcaligenes faecalis (7.6%), acinetobacter lwoffi (4.4%), pseudomonas flourescens (2.4%), schwanella putrefaciens (1.6%), stenotrophomonas maltophilia (1.6%), pseudomonas putida (0.4%), bravundimonas vesicularis (0.4%) and flavobacterium meningosepticum (0.4%). antibiotic sensi ... | 2003 | 15022936 |
| biological control of fusarium wilt of pigeonpea cajanus cajan (l.) millsp with chitinolytic alcaligenes xylosoxydans. | alcaligenes xylosoxydans protected pigeonpea from fusarium wilt in a pot experiment and field trials. when seeds of pigeonpea (c. cajan) were treated with a. xylosoxydans and sown in soil infested with fusarium, the incidence of wilt was reduced by 43.5% and resulted in 58% higher grain yield. the antifungal activity of a. xylosoxydans was based on chitinase production and was comparable in efficacy to commercial antifungal agents such as benlate, monitor wp, thiram and bavistin. | 2003 | 15320506 |
| a high-throughput amenable colorimetric assay for enantioselective screening of nitrilase-producing microorganisms using ph sensitive indicators. | based on the color change of an indicator due to the release of hydrogen ion from a nitrilase-catalyzed reaction, a rapid colorimetric method was established for the enantioselective screening of nitrilase-producing microorganisms. the formation of acids due to the nitrilase-mediated hydrolysis of nitriles causes a drop in the ph, which in turn results in a change of color of the solution (containing indicator) that can be observed visually. the buffer (0.01 m phosphate, ph 7.2) and indicator (b ... | 2003 | 14567783 |
| [obtaining bioluminescent bacterial strains for detection of thallium ions]. | the possibility of alcaligenes eutrophus t1 luxphenotype creation by temperature induced mutagenesis has been shown. these mutants are able to emit light after induction by thallium ions. this biological method of thallium detection possesses high specificity and sensitivity (0.5 microm of metal). such microbial cells can be used to quantify bioavailability of thallium part in the environment. | 2003 | 14577177 |
| fragments of pro-peptide activate mature penicillin amidase of alcaligenes faecalis. | penicillin amidase from alcaligenes faecalis is a recently identified n-terminal nucleophile hydrolase, which possesses the highest specificity constant (kcat/km) for the hydrolysis of benzylpenicillin compared with penicillin amidases from other sources. similar to the escherichia coli penicillin amidase, the a. faecalis penicillin amidase is maturated in vivo from an inactive precursor into the catalytically active enzyme, containing one tightly bound ca2+ ion, via a complex post-translational ... | 2003 | 14622260 |
| achromobacter insolitus sp. nov. and achromobacter spanius sp. nov., from human clinical samples. | a polyphasic taxonomic study (employing whole-cell protein and fatty acid analyses, 16s rdna sequencing, dna-dna hybridization, determination of dna g+c content, antibiotic susceptibility testing and extensive phenotypic characterization) was performed on 10 isolates that appeared to be related to alcaligenes faecalis. the isolates were recovered from diverse environments that included human clinical samples. 16s rdna sequence analysis indicated that these isolates belonged to the genus achromob ... | 2003 | 14657110 |
| kerstersia gyiorum gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel alcaligenes faecalis-like organism isolated from human clinical samples, and reclassification of alcaligenes denitrificans rüger and tan 1983 as achromobacter denitrificans comb. nov. | a polyphasic taxonomic study was performed on nine isolates recovered from various human clinical samples. phenotypically, these isolates resembled alcaligenes faecalis. whole-cell protein analysis distinguished two different species, and this was confirmed by dna-dna hybridizations. cellular fatty acid analysis and 16s rdna sequence analysis indicated that these isolates were related to the genera alcaligenes, bordetella, achromobacter and pigmentiphaga and belonged to the family alcaligenaceae ... | 2003 | 14657111 |
| pcr typing of genetic determinants for metallo-beta-lactamases and integrases carried by gram-negative bacteria isolated in japan, with focus on the class 3 integron. | from january 2001 to december 2002, 587 strains of gram-negative bacterial isolates demonstrating resistance to ceftazidime and a combination of sulbactam and cefoperazone were subjected to a disk diffusion screening test using sodium mercaptoacetic acid; 431 strains (73.4%) appeared to produce metallo-beta-lactamase (mbl). of these 431 strains, 357 were found by pcr to carry genes for imp-1 type mbl (bla(imp-1)), while only 7 and 67 strains carried the imp-2 gene (bla(imp-2)) and the vim-2 gene ... | 2003 | 14662918 |
| addressing biofilter limitations: a two-phase partitioning bioreactor process for the treatment of benzene and toluene contaminated gas streams. | a two-phase partitioning bioreactor (tppb) achieved simultaneous and continuous removal and degradation of benzene and toluene from an air stream. the aqueous- organic system utilized n-hexadecane as the organic phase, and the organism alcaligenes xylosoxidans y234 in the aqueous phase to achieve the degradation of benzene and toluene. the system, which operates as a well-mixed dispersion and is therefore resistant to substrate surges, was first shown to be capable of utilizing toluene while ope ... | 2003 | 14669872 |
| [pathogenic bacteria in cystic fibrosis]. | since the cf gene identification in 1989 and despite the improvement of our knowledge in the physiopathology of the disease, bronchopulmonary infection determines the vital prognosis. following staphylococcus aureus infection, patients are colonized or colonized by pseudomonas aeruginosa, greatly involved in the pulmonary deterioration. other bacteria may be involved burkholderia cepacia, stenotrophomonas maltophilia, alcaligenes sp. intensive antibiotic treatment of primocolonisation helps to p ... | 2003 | 14671932 |
| [study of susceptibility and genotype characterization of plasmid-mediated class i cephalosporinase in gram-negative bacteria]. | to investigate the susceptibility and genotype characteristics of gram-negative bacteria producing plasmid-mediated class i cephalosporinase (ampc beta lactamase) epidemic in southern china. | 2003 | 14703447 |
| antibiotic treatment of multidrug-resistant organisms in cystic fibrosis. | respiratory tract infection with eventual respiratory failure is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (cf). infective exacerbations need to be treated promptly and effectively to minimize potentially accelerated attrition of lung function. the choice of antibiotic depends on in vitro sensitivity patterns. however, physicians treating patients with cf are increasingly faced with infection with multidrug-resistant isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa. in addition, innately r ... | 2003 | 14719998 |
| removal and destruction of high concentrations of gaseous toluene in a two-phase partitioning bioreactor by alcaligenes xylosoxidans. | a two-phase bioreactor consisting of hexadecane dispersed in an aqueous, cell-containing medium (organic fraction = 0.33) was used to trap toluene vapours from an air stream. the affinity for toluene by the solvent resulted in high efficiency of removal and transfer to the aqueous phase based on equilibrium transfer. the system was readily able to handle a loading capacity of 748 mg l(-1) h(-1) at a toluene degradation efficiency of greater than 98%. | 2003 | 14514043 |
| in silico analysis of a flavohemoglobin from sinorhizobium meliloti strain 1021. | hemoglobins (hbs) have been characterized from a wide variety of eubacteria, but not from nitrogen-fixing rhizobia. our search for hb-like sequences in the sinorhizobium meliloti genome revealed that a gene coding for a flavohemoglobin (fhb) exists in s. meliloti (smfhb). computer analysis showed that smfhb and alcaligenes eutrophus fhb are highly similar and could fold into the same tertiary structure. a fnr-like box was detected upstream of the smfhb gene and mapping analysis revealed that the ... | 2003 | 14521231 |
| the susceptibility of non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli to cefperazone and sulbactam compared with other antibacterial agents. | this study was designed to determine the bacterial susceptibility of non-fermentative gram-negative organisms to various antibacterial agents. bacterial susceptibility testing used the kirby-bauer method and data were assessed according to nccls 2000. cefoperazone/sulbactam (cper/su) had good antibacterial activity against pseudomonas aeruginosa. its activity was next only to that of imipenem, meropenem and ceftazidime. cper/su was highly active against acinetobacter spp., alcaligenes spp., burk ... | 2003 | 14522108 |
| cybernetic model predictive control of a continuous bioreactor with cell recycle. | the control of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (phb) productivity in a continuous bioreactor with cell recycle is studied by simulation. a cybernetic model of phb synthesis in alcaligenes eutrophus is developed. model parameters are identified using experimental data, and simulation results are presented. the model is interfaced to a multirate model predictive control (mpc) algorithm. phb productivity and concentration are controlled by manipulating dilution rate and recycle ratio. unmeasured time var ... | 2003 | 14524710 |
| the microbial ecology of processing equipment in different fish industries-analysis of the microflora during processing and following cleaning and disinfection. | the microflora adhering to the processing equipment during production and after cleaning and disinfecting procedures was identified in four different processing plants. a total of 1009 microorganisms was isolated from various-agar plates and identified. a stepwise procedure using simple phenotypic tests was used to identify the isolates and proved a fast way to group a large collection of microorganisms. pseudomonas, neisseriaceae, enterobactericeae, coryneform, acinetobacter and lactic acid bac ... | 2003 | 14527796 |
| the nomenclatural type of the genus deleya and the consequences of deleya aesta and alcaligenes aquamarinus being synonyms. | the genus deleya was created to encompass a number of marine organisms that had previously been classified in diverse genera. deleya aesta was designated as the type species of the genus. subsequent work indicated that deleya aesta, alcaligenes aquamarinus and alcaligenes faecalis subsp. homari were heterotypic synonyms. consequently, akagawa & yamasato (int j syst bacteriol 39, 462-466, 1989) concluded that, based on rules 23a and 51b of the bacteriological code (1975 revision), the oldest legi ... | 2003 | 13130071 |
| arsenite oxidase aox genes from a metal-resistant beta-proteobacterium. | the beta-proteobacterial strain ulpas1, isolated from an arsenic-contaminated environment, is able to efficiently oxidize arsenite [as(iii)] to arsenate [as(v)]. mutagenesis with a lacz-based reporter transposon yielded two knockout derivatives deficient in arsenite oxidation. sequence analysis of the dna flanking the transposon insertions in the two mutants identified two adjacent open reading frames, named aoxa and aoxb, as well as a putative promoter upstream of the aoxa gene. reverse transcr ... | 2003 | 12486049 |
| metal-ligand interactions in perturbed blue copper sites: a paramagnetic (1)h nmr study of co(ii)-pseudoazurin. | pseudoazurin is an electron transfer copper protein, a member of the cupredoxin family. the protein is frequently found in denitrifying bacteria, where it is the electron donor of nitrite reductase. the copper at the active site is coordinated to his40, cys78, his81 and met86 in a distorted tetragonal geometry. we have recorded and assigned the (1)h nmr spectra of co(ii)-substituted pseudoazurin from achromobacter cycloclastes. the (1)h nmr spectrum of co(ii)-pseudoazurin closely resembles that ... | 2003 | 12459901 |
| crystal structure of d-aminoacylase from alcaligenes faecalis da1. a novel subset of amidohydrolases and insights into the enzyme mechanism. | d-aminoacylase is an attractive candidate for commercial production of d-amino acids through its catalysis in the hydrolysis of n-acyl-d-amino acids. we report here the first d-aminoacylase crystal structure from a. faecalis at 1.5-a resolution. the protein comprises a small beta-barrel, and a catalytic (betaalpha)(8)-barrel with a 63-residue insertion. the enzyme structure shares significant similarity to the alpha/beta-barrel amidohydrolase superfamily, in which the beta-strands in both barrel ... | 2003 | 12454005 |
| genetic analysis and characterization of poly(aspartic acid) hydrolase-1 from sphingomonas sp. kt-1. | sphingomonas sp. kt-1 hydrolyzes poly(aspartic acid) (paa) containing alpha- and beta-amide units and has at least two different types of paa hydrolases. the paa hydrolase-1 hydrolyzes selectively beta-beta amide units in paa. molecular cloning of paa hydrolase-1 from sphingomonas sp. kt-1 has been carried out to characterize its gene products. genetic analysis shows that the deduced amino acid sequence of paa hydrolase-1 has a similarity with those of the catalytic domain of poly(3-hydroxybutyr ... | 2003 | 12523851 |
| directing the mode of nitrite binding to a copper-containing nitrite reductase from alcaligenes faecalis s-6: characterization of an active site isoleucine. | unlike the heme cd(1)-based nitrite reductase enzymes, the molecular mechanism of copper-containing nitrite reductases remains controversial. a key source of controversy is the productive binding mode of nitrite in the active site. to identify and characterize the molecular determinants associated with nitrite binding, we applied a combinatorial mutagenesis approach to generate a small library of six variants at position 257 in nitrite reductase from alcaligenes faecalis s-6. the activities of t ... | 2003 | 12538888 |
| molecular diversity and characterization of nitrite reductase gene fragments (nirk and nirs) from nitrate- and uranium-contaminated groundwater. | nitrate-contaminated groundwater samples were analysed for nirk and nirs gene diversity. the samples differed with respect to nitrate, uranium, heavy metals, organic carbon content, ph and dissolved oxygen levels. a total of 958 nirk and 1162 nirs clones were screened by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis: 48 and 143 distinct nirk and nirs clones, respectively, were obtained. a single dominant nirk restriction pattern was observed for all six samples and was 83% identical t ... | 2003 | 12542709 |
| preliminary study of an enzyme extracted from alcaligenes sp. strain yf11 capable of degrading pesticides. | 2003 | 12545372 | |
| evaluation of microscan autoscan for identification of pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from cystic fibrosis patients. | accurate identification of gram-negative bacilli from cystic fibrosis (cf) patients is essential. only 57% (108 of 189) of nonmucoid strains and 40% (24 of 60) of mucoid strains were definitively identified as pseudomonas aeruginosa with microscan autoscan. most common misidentifications were pseudomonas fluorescens-pseudomonas putida (i.e., the strain was either p. fluorescens or p. putida, but the system did not make the distinction and yielded the result p. fluorescens/putida) and alcaligenes ... | 2003 | 12517904 |
| metabolism of ddt [1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane] by alcaligenes denitrificans itrc-4 under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. | an isolated bacterium, alcaligenes denitrificans itrc-4, metabolizes 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (ddt) under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. the aerobic metabolism is inhibited by 38% and 47% in the presence of 1.0 g l(-1) of sodium acetate and sodium succinate, respectively, but remains uninhibited in the presence of 1.0 g l(-1) of glucose. also, the metabolism is inhibited completely in the presence of biphenyl vapors, as well as 0.8 g l(-1) of 2,2'-bipyridyl. under an ... | 2003 | 12432467 |
| characterization and function of met150gln mutant of copper-containing nitrite reductase from achromobacter cycloclastes iam1013. | the mutant (m150q-nir) replacing the met150 ligand of the type 1 cu center in achromobacter cycloclastes nitrite reductase (acnir) with gln has been physicochemically and functionally characterized. the electronic absorption and cd spectra of m150q-nir are similar to those of mavicyanin and stellacyanin having the 2his, cys, and gln ligands, but the epr signal has an axial character, although their blue copper proteins show rhombic epr signals. the mutant has about 80% catalytic activity of acni ... | 2003 | 12659849 |
| reconstitution of the type-1 active site of the h145g/a variants of nitrite reductase by ligand insertion. | variants of the copper-containing nitrite reductase (nir) of alcaligenes faecalis s6 were constructed by site-directed mutagenesis, by which the c-terminal histidine ligand (his145) of the cu in the type-1 site was replaced by an alanine or a glycine. the type-1 sites in the nir variants as isolated, are in the reduced form, but can be oxidized in the presence of external ligands, like (substituted) imidazoles and chloride. the reduction potential of the type-1 site of nir-h145a reconstituted wi ... | 2003 | 12680761 |
| comparison of ribotyping and restriction enzyme analysis for inter- and intraspecies discrimination of bordetella avium and bordetella hinzii. | bordetella avium is an avian respiratory disease pathogen responsible for substantial economic losses to the turkey industry. the inability to distinguish isolates has hampered outbreak investigations and prevents a complete understanding of transmission mechanisms. isolates of bordetella hinzii, often referred to as b. avium-like or as alcaligenes faecalis type ii prior to 1995, have also been acquired from the respiratory tracts of diseased poultry but are not believed to be pathogenic for bir ... | 2003 | 12682138 |
| to the editor: alcaligenes as a pathogen in airways chronic infection in cystic fibrosis. | 2003 | 12687601 | |
| atomic resolution structures of native copper nitrite reductase from alcaligenes xylosoxidans and the active site mutant asp92glu. | we provide the first atomic resolution (<1.20 a) structure of a copper protein, nitrite reductase, and of a mutant of the catalytically important asp92 residue (d92e). the atomic resolution where carbon-carbon bonds of the peptide become clearly resolved, remains a key goal of structural analysis. despite much effort and technological progress, still very few structures are known at such resolution. for example, in the protein data bank (pdb) there are some 200 structures of copper proteins but ... | 2003 | 12691751 |
| comparison of sodium hypochlorite-based foam and peroxyacetic acid-based fog sanitizing procedures in a salmon smokehouse: survival of the general microflora and listeria monocytogenes. | the effects of fog sanitization with peroxyacetic acid (hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, and acetic acid in combination) on general hygiene (aerobic plate count) and on listeria monocytogenes were assessed in a slicing area at a salmon smokehouse and compared with the effects of foam sanitization with sodium hypochlorite (routinely performed at the smokehouse). two hundred twenty-three environmental samples were collected with sponges and swabs after each of the sanitization procedures, and 68 ... | 2003 | 12696681 |
| extraction of exopolymers from biofilms: the protective effect of glutaraldehyde. | the extraction of the exopolymeric matrix is a prerequisite to properly assessing the composition of the biofilm. several extraction methods have already been developed, however, no universal method has yet been adopted because the compromise between high yields of extraction and minimum cell lysis is difficult to establish. in fact, most of the extraction methods promote leakage of intracellular material. the most common extraction methods, dowex resin and sonication, were assayed in biofilms o ... | 2003 | 12701925 |
| loop-contraction mutagenesis of a type 1 copper site. | loop-contraction mutagenesis has been applied to the cupredoxin pseudoazurin to introduce the active-site loop of amicyanin. the mutation has a limited effect on the spectroscopic properties, and therefore structure, of the cupric protein. the loop contraction results in the increase of the pka for the detachable his ligand of pseudoazurin by two ph units, similar to the value as found in amicyanin. | 2003 | 12708836 |
| analysis of a bioactive beta-(1 --> 3) polysaccharide (curdlan) using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. | this paper focuses on the development of maldi sample preparation protocols for the analysis of a bioactive beta-(1 --> 3) polysaccharide, i.e. curdlan. the crude curdlan sample was first separated into a low molecular weight water-soluble portion and a high molecular weight water-insoluble portion. the water-soluble portion was analyzed using a standard maldi sample preparation method developed for dextran analysis. two low-mass (<4000 da) polysaccharide distributions differing by 16 da were ob ... | 2003 | 12717760 |
| conjugative plasmid mediated inducible nickel resistance in hafnia alvei 5-5. | hafnia alvei 5-5, isolated from a soil-litter mixture underneath the canopy of the nickel-hyperaccumulating tree sebertia acuminata (sapotaceae) in new caledonia, was found to be resistant to 30 mm ni(2+) or 2 mm co(2+). the 70-kb plasmid, pejh 501, was transferred by conjugation to escherichia coli, serratia marcescens, and klebsiella oxytoca. transconjugant strains expressed inducible nickel resistance to between 5 and 17 mm ni(2+), and cobalt resistance to 2 mm co(2+). a 4.8-kb sal- ecori fra ... | 2003 | 12730713 |
| evaluation of spectrofluorometry as a tool for estimation in fed-batch fermentations. | native culture fluorescence was investigated as an additional source of information for predicting biomass and glucose concentrations in a fed-batch fermentation of alcaligenes eutrophus. partial least squares (pls) regression and a feed forward neural network (ffnn) coupled with principle component analysis (pca) were each used to model the kinetics of the fermentation. data from three fermentations was combined to form a training set for model calibration and data from a fourth fermentation wa ... | 2003 | 12740937 |
| correlation between structure of the lactones and substrate specificity in enzyme-catalyzed polymerization for the synthesis of polyesters. | small-size (4-membered) and medium-size (5-, 6-, and 7-membered) unsubstituted lactones as well as unsubstituted macrolides (12 and 13 membered) were subjected to the ring-opening polymerization using the extracellular phb depolymerase from alcaligenes faecalis t1 (phaz(afa)). the characteristic reactivities of the lactones were discussed based on a tertiary structure model of the active site of the phaz(afa). with respect to the ring-size of the lactones, the 4-membered beta-propiolactone and 6 ... | 2003 | 12741767 |
| the treatment of gaseous benzene by two-phase partitioning bioreactors: a high performance alternative to the use of biofilters. | a 2-l (1-l working volume) two-phase partitioning bioreactor (tppb) was used as an integrated scrubber/bioreactor in which the removal and destruction of benzene from a gas stream was achieved by the reactor's organic/aqueous liquid contents. the organic solvent used to trap benzene was n-hexadecane, and degradation of benzene was achieved in the aqueous phase using the bacterium alcaligenes xylosoxidans y234. a gas stream with a benzene concentration of 340 mg l(-1) at a flow rate of 0.414 l h( ... | 2003 | 12743750 |
| achromobacter xylosoxidans bacteremia: a 10-year analysis of 54 cases. | fifty-four cases of achromobacter xylosoxidans bacteremia diagnosed over a 10-year period in patients from 2 months to 87 years of age were reviewed. fifty-two episodes were nosocomial. the most frequent underlying condition was neoplasm (solid or hematological). the source of infection was a contaminated intravenous catheter in 35 patients (60%) and pneumonia in 6 patients. eight (15%) patients died. the only risk factors significantly associated with mortality were age over 65 years and neutro ... | 2003 | 12750959 |
| long-term analysis of diesel fuel consumption in a co-culture of acinetobacter venetianus, pseudomonas putida and alcaligenes faecalis. | the dynamics of a microbial population isolated from superficial waters of venice lagoon and the ability to utilise diesel fuel (n-alkanes mixture c12-c28) as the sole carbon and energy source were studied in a long-term reconstruction experiment. the reconstructed microbial population consisted of three bacterial strains belonging to the species acinetobacter venetianus, pseudomonas putida, and alcaligenes faecalis, which were able to oxidise n-alkanes to alkanoates, n-alkanols to alkanoates, o ... | 2003 | 12755474 |
| modulation of virulence by two acidified nitrite-responsive loci of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | two acidified nitrite-inducible genes of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium were identified with a green fluorescent protein-based promoter-trap screen. the nitrite-inducible promoters were located upstream of loci that we designated nipab and nipc, which correspond to hcp-hcr (hybrid cluster protein) of escherichia coli and nora of alcaligenes eutrophus, respectively. maximal induction of the promoters by nitrite was dependent on ph. the nipab promoter was regulated by oxygen in an fnr-dep ... | 2003 | 12761099 |
| infection control recommendations for patients with cystic fibrosis: microbiology, important pathogens, and infection control practices to prevent patient-to-patient transmission. | 2003 | 12762292 | |
| purification and characterization of alcaligenes faecalis penicillin g acylase expressed in bacillus subtilis. | the alcaligenes faecalis pga gene encoding heterodimeric penicillin g acylase (pga) was cloned and successfully expressed in escherichia coli and bacillus subtilis respectively. in contrast to e.coli hosts where the enzymes were retained in the periplasm, b. subtilis cell secreted the recombinant enzyme into the medium. contrary to limited expression yield of e. coli (petapga), pga extracellularly expressed by b. subtilis (pbapga) and b. subtilis (pmapga) reached the highest yield of 653 u/l. th ... | 2003 | 12766801 |
| microbial keratitis and vision loss with contact lenses. | microbial keratitis is the only sight-threatening adverse event that occurs with contact lens wear. this article gives a preliminary estimation of the incidence of microbial keratitis and vision loss with continuous-wear contact lenses made from highly oxygen permeable (dk) materials. | 2003 | 12772749 |
| a two-faced molecule offers no explanation: the proximal binding of nitric oxide to haem. | cytochrome c ' (cyt c ') is found in the periplasmic space of denitrifying bacteria where it is thought to mediate the transfer of no between the nitrogen-cycle enzymes dissimilatory nitrite reductase and nitric oxide reductase. it contains a 5-coordinate (5c) his-ligated haem that shares spectroscopic and ligand-binding properties with the haem group in the sensory domain of soluble guanylate cyclase (sgc). the latter is an extremely important enzyme involved in the control of vasodilation and ... | 2003 | 12773155 |
| the structure of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase from alcaligenes xylosoxidans at 1.7 a resolution. | the enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh) from the gram-negative denitrifying bacterial species alcaligenes xylosoxidans was purified and crystallized as a contaminant protein during purification of nitrous oxide reductase. this is the first structure of a gapdh from a denitrifying species. the crystal structure was solved at 1.7 a resolution by molecular replacement using the structure of gapdh from bacillus stearothermophilus as a starting model. the quality of the structure ... | 2003 | 12777799 |
| introduction of a pi-pi interaction at the active site of a cupredoxin: characterization of the met16phe pseudoazurin mutant. | the met16phe mutant of the type 1 copper protein pseudoazurin (pacu), in which a phenyl ring is introduced close to the imidazole moiety of the his81 ligand, has been characterized. nmr studies indicate that the introduced phenyl ring is parallel to the imidazole group of his81. the mutation has a subtle effect on the position of the two s(cys)-->cu(ii) ligand-to-metal charge transfer bands in the visible spectrum of pacu(ii) and a more significant influence on their intensities resulting in a a ... | 2003 | 12779340 |
| chemoenzymatic synthesis of (e)-3,7-dimethyl-2-octene-1,8-diol isolated from the hairpencils of male danaus chrysippus (african monarch). | the synthesis of (e)-3,7-dimethyl-2-octene-1,8-diol (1), which was isolated from the hairpencils of male danaus chrysippus (african monarch), was investigated. the key step of the sequence involves asymmetric desymmetrization of the 1,3-propanediol 7 with lipase, in which high enantioselectivity was observed. total synthesis afforded (s)-1 in 12 steps and 26% overall yield from readily available geraniol. | 2003 | 12781175 |
| molecular diversity of denitrifying genes in continental margin sediments within the oxygen-deficient zone off the pacific coast of mexico. | to understand the composition and structure of denitrifying communities in the oxygen-deficient zone off the pacific coast of mexico, the molecular diversity of nir genes from sediments obtained at four stations was examined by using a pcr-based cloning approach. a total of 50 operational taxonomic units (otus) for nirk and 82 otus for nirs were obtained from all samples. forty-four of the nirs clones and 31 of the nirk clones were sequenced; the levels of similarity of the nirs clones were 52 t ... | 2003 | 12788762 |
| ambient stm and in situ afm study of nitrite reductase proteins adsorbed on gold and graphite: influence of the substrate on protein interactions. | trimeric achromobacter cycloclastes cu-containing nitrite reductase (cunir) proteins adsorbed on gold and graphite have been studied by ambient stm and in situ afm. stm resolves them individually and in layers, distinguishing the sub-molecular individual units of the trimer. the cu atoms are not visible to stm. stm shows that individual cunir denatures as it adsorbs on au, although a deformed trimeric shape can be identified in some cases. cunir forms disordered layers on gold. on graphite, orde ... | 2003 | 12801658 |
| development of a gram-negative selective agar (gnsa) for the detection of gram-negative microflora in sputa in patients with cystic fibrosis. | to develop a selective agar medium to help detect and quantify gram-negative flora in the sputum of patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). | 2003 | 12807467 |
| [changes of antimicrobial resistance among nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli isolated from intensive care units from 1994 to 2001 in china]. | to investigate the antimicrobial resistance among nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli isolated from intensive care units (icus) during the past 7 years in china. | 2003 | 12820914 |
| ralstonia metallidurans, a bacterium specifically adapted to toxic metals: towards a catalogue of metal-responsive genes. | ralstonia metallidurans, formerly known as alcaligenes eutrophus and thereafter as ralstonia eutropha, is a beta-proteobacterium colonizing industrial sediments, soils or wastes with a high content of heavy metals. the type strain ch34 carries two large plasmids (pmol28 and pmol30) bearing a variety of genes for metal resistance. a chronological overview describes the progress made in the knowledge of the plasmid-borne metal resistance mechanisms, the genetics of r. metallidurans ch34 and its ta ... | 2003 | 12829276 |
| a novel enzyme, d-3-hydroxyaspartate aldolase from paracoccus denitrificans ifo 13301: purification, characterization, and gene cloning. | a novel enzyme, d-3-hydroxyaspartate aldolase (d-haa), catalyzing the conversion of d-3-hydroxyaspartate to glyoxylate plus glycine, was purified to homogeneity from paracoccus denitrificans ifo 13301. d-haa is strictly d-specific as to the alpha-position, whereas the enzyme does not distinguish between threo and erythro forms at the beta-position. in addition to d-3-hydroxyaspartate, the enzyme also acts on d-threonine, d-3-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine, d-3-3,4-methylenedioxyphenylserine, and d-3- ... | 2003 | 12835921 |
| quinolinate dehydrogenase and 6-hydroxyquinolinate decarboxylase involved in the conversion of quinolinic acid to 6-hydroxypicolinic acid by alcaligenes sp. strain uk21. | in the conversion of quinolinic acid to 6-hydroxypicolinic acid by whole cells of alcaligenes sp. strain uk21, the enzyme reactions involved in the hydroxylation and decarboxylation of quinolinic acid were examined. quinolinate dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the first step, the hydroxylation of quinolinic acid, was solubilized from a membrane fraction, partially purified, and characterized. the enzyme catalyzed the incorporation of oxygen atoms of h(2)o into the hydroxyl group. the dehydrogenase ... | 2003 | 12844210 |
| modulation of pps10 host range by plasmid-encoded repa initiator protein. | we report here the isolation and analysis of novel repa host range mutants of pps10, a plasmid originally found in pseudomonas savastanoi. upon hydroxylamine treatment, five plasmid mutants were selected for their establishment in escherichia coli at 37 degrees c, a temperature at which the wild-type form cannot be established. the mutations were located in different functional regions of the plasmid repa initiation protein, and the mutants differ in their stable maintenance, copy number, and ab ... | 2003 | 12562807 |
| the novel method for isolating chitinolytic bacteria and its application in screening for hyperchitinase producing mutant of alcaligenes xylosoxydans. | to develop a novel, rapid and effective screening method for chitinase producing bacteria. | 2003 | 12581369 |
| microbial community and physicochemical analysis of an industrial waste gas biofilter and design of 16s rrna-targeting oligonucleotide probes. | a study was conducted to investigate the microbial community structure, the physicochemical properties, and the relationships between these parameters of a full-scale industrial biofilter used for waste gas abatement in an animal-rendering plant. fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) was successfully combined with digital image analysis to study the composition of the microbial community. several new nucleic acid probes were designed and established based on published 16s rdna sequences and ... | 2003 | 12588298 |
| comparison of aspartate transcarbamoylase regulation in pseudomonas alcaligenes and pseudomonas mendocina. | the regulation of aspartate transcarbamoylase activity in cell extracts of pseudomonas alcaligenes atcc 14909 and pseudomonas mendocina atcc 25411 was compared. under saturating substrate concentrations, pyrophosphate, ctp, udp and adp were highly inhibitory of the p. alcaligenes transcarbamoylase activity while pyrophosphate, udp, adp, atp and gtp were the most effective inhibitors of the p. mendocina transcarbamoylase. by examining transcarbamoylase inhibition by ribonucleotide triphosphates, ... | 2003 | 12596245 |
| crystal structure of a no-forming nitrite reductase mutant: an analog of a transition state in enzymatic reaction. | i257e was obtained by site directed mutagenesis of nitrite reductase from achromobacter cycloclastes. the mutant has no enzyme activity. its crystal structure determined at 1.65a resolution shows that the side-chain carboxyl group of the mutated residue, glu257, coordinates with the type 2 copper in the mutant and blocks the contact between the type 2 copper and its solvent channel, indicating that the accessibility of the type 2 copper is essential for maintaining the activity of nitrite reduct ... | 2003 | 12615072 |
| respiration of 13c-labeled substrates added to soil in the field and subsequent 16s rrna gene analysis of 13c-labeled soil dna. | our goal was to develop a field soil biodegradation assay using (13)c-labeled compounds and identify the active microorganisms by analyzing 16s rrna genes in soil-derived (13)c-labeled dna. our biodegradation approach sought to minimize microbiological artifacts caused by physical and/or nutritional disturbance of soil associated with sampling and laboratory incubation. the new field-based assay involved the release of (13)c-labeled compounds (glucose, phenol, caffeine, and naphthalene) to soil ... | 2003 | 12620850 |
| a homology model of penicillin acylase from alcaligenes faecalis and in silico evaluation of its selectivity. | a three-dimensional model of the relatively unknown penicillin acylase from alcaligenes faecalis (pa-af) was built up by means of homology modeling based on three different crystal structures of penicillin acylase from various sources. an in silico selectivity study was performed to compare this homology model to the structure of the escherichia coli enzyme (pa-ec) in order to find any selectivity differences between the two enzymes. the program grid was applied in combination with the principal ... | 2003 | 12851931 |
| production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) with high molar fractions of 3-hydroxyvalerate by a threonine-overproducing mutant of alcaligenes sp. sh-69. | a threonine overproducing mutant of alcaligenes sp. sh-69 was isolated and its ability to produce poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), poly(3hb-co-3hv), was investigated. the 3hv fraction in poly(3hb-co-3hv) produced from glucose as the sole carbon source exceeded 22 mol%, which is approximately six times higher than that achieved by the wild type under the same culture conditions. furthermore, the addition of a relatively low concentration (10 mm) of propionic acid, valeric acid or lev ... | 2003 | 12882163 |
| purification and characterization of chitinase from alcaligenes xylosoxydans. | extracellular chitinase from alcaligenes xylosoxydans was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity using affinity and gel filtration chromatography. the molecular mass of chitinase was estimated to be 45 kda and 44 kda by sds-page and gel-filtration, respectively. the enzyme was optimally active at 50 degrees c (over 30 min) and ph 5. activity staining after page showed a single band. the km for chitin was 3 g l-1. cu2+ and na+ at 5 mm inhibited chitinase activity to 25% while ca2+, mg2+ and ba2+ ... | 2003 | 12882172 |
| chemical modification of lipases with various hydrophobic groups improves their enantioselectivity in hydrolytic reactions. | semi-purified lipases from candida rugosa, pseudomonas cepacia and alcaligenes sp. were chemically modified with a wide range of hydrophobic groups such as benzyloxycarbonyl, p-nitrobenzyloxycarbonyl, p-methoxybenzyloxycarbonyl, t-butoxycarbonyl, lauroyl and acetyl moieties. the candida rugosa lipase my modified with the benzyloxycarbonyl group (modification ratio = 84%) brought about a 15-fold increase in enantioselectivity (e value) towards the hydrolysis of racemic butyl 2-(4-ethylphenoxy)pro ... | 2003 | 12882312 |
| bioreactor cultivation of escherichia coli for production of recombinant penicillin g amidase from alcaligenes faecalis. | the penicillin g amidase (pga) from alcaligenes faecalis, which has interesting properties for use in combinatorial biochemistry, was produced by recombinant expression in escherichia coli. the corresponding gene was cloned into a multicopy vector under the strict regulatory control of the rhamnose inducible promoter. cells were grown in a synthetic minimal medium in a bioreactor (5 l working vol.), and production of pga was induced by repeated addition of the inducer rhamnose, that served also ... | 2003 | 12882560 |
| control of metalloprotein reduction potential: compensation phenomena in the reduction thermodynamics of blue copper proteins. | the reduction thermodynamics (delta h degrees '(rc) and delta s degrees '(rc)) for native paracoccus versutus amicyanin, for alcaligenes faecalis s-6 pseudoazurin, and for the g45p, m64e, and k27c variants of pseudomonas aeruginosa azurin were measured electrochemically. comparison with the data available for other native and mutated blue copper proteins indicates that the features of metal coordination and the electrostatic potential due to the protein matrix and the solvent control the reducti ... | 2003 | 12885256 |
| in silico prediction and validation of the importance of the entner-doudoroff pathway in poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) production by metabolically engineered escherichia coli. | the metabolic network of escherichia coli was constructed and was used to simulate the distribution of metabolic fluxes in wild-type e. coli and recombinant e. coli producing poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [p(3hb)]. the flux of acetyl-coa into the tricarboxylic acid (tca) cycle, which competes with the p(3hb) biosynthesis pathway, decreased significantly during p(3hb) production. it was notable to find from in silico analysis that the entner-doudoroff (ed) pathway flux increased significantly under p(3 ... | 2003 | 12889025 |
| a study on microbial diversity in different cultivars of brassica napus in relation to its wilt pathogen, verticillium longisporum. | oilseed rape (brassica napus) is one of the major oilseed crops in the world but is vulnerable to attack by many pathogens and insect pests. in addition to the host plant genotype, micro-organisms present in the rhizosphere and within plant tissues affect the susceptibility to plant pathogens. while rapid progress has been achieved concerning the concept of plant resistance genes, information on the role of the microbial community in plant protection is less apparent. we have studied the endophy ... | 2003 | 12892892 |
| a novel kinetic trap for no release from cytochrome c': a possible mechanism for no release from activated soluble guanylate cyclase. | flash photolysis studies on the five-coordinate heme nitrosyl of alcaligenes xylosoxidans cytochrome c' were carried out to investigate the ramifications of its proximal nitrosyl ligand on no release. delta absorbance spectra recorded 5 ms after photolysis indicate that approximately 5% of the photolyzed hemes are converted to a five-coordinate high spin ferrous state, revealing that reattachment of the endogenous his ligand is fast enough to trap some of the photolyzed heme. analysis of no rebi ... | 2003 | 12903995 |
| nitrogen fixation genetics and regulation in a pseudomonas stutzeri strain associated with rice. | the pseudomonas stutzeri strain a1501 (formerly known as alcaligenes faecalis) fixes nitrogen under microaerobic conditions in the free-living state and colonizes rice endophytically. the authors characterized a region in strain a1501, corresponding to most of the nif genes and the rnf genes, involved in electron transport to nitrogenase in rhodobacter capsulatus. the region contained three groups of genes arranged in the same order as in azotobacter vinelandii: (1) nifb fdx orf3 nifq orf5 orf6; ... | 2003 | 12904565 |
| effect of carbon source on pyrimidine biosynthesis in pseudomonas alcaligenes atcc 14909. | the effect of carbon source on the regulation of the de novo pyrimidine biosynthetic enzymes in pseudomonas alcaligenes atcc 14909 was investigated. the de novo pyrimidine biosynthetic enzymes were measured in extracts of p. alcaligenes atcc 14909 cells and of cells from an auxotroph deficient for orotate phosphoribosyltransferase activity. pyrimidine biosynthetic enzyme activities in atcc 14909 were influenced by pyrimidine supplementation to the culture medium but not by the carbon source pres ... | 2003 | 12906394 |
| molecular characterization of an inducible gentisate 1,2-dioxygenase gene, xlne, from pseudomonas alcaligenes ncimb 9867. | pseudomonas alcaligenes ncimb 9867 (strain p25x) produces isofunctional enzymes of the gentisate pathway that enables the degradation of xylenols and cresols via gentisate. previous reports had indicated that one set of enzymes is constitutively expressed whereas the other set is strictly inducible by aromatic hydrocarbon substrates. the gene encoding gentisate 1,2-dioxygenase (gdo), the enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of the gentisate aromatic ring, was cloned from strain p25x. the gdo gene, ... | 2003 | 12909360 |
| imipenem resistance in nonfermenters causing nosocomial urinary tract infections. | nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli (nonfermenters) have emerged as important nosocomial pathogens causing opportunistic infections in immunocompromised hosts. these organisms show high level of resistance to b-lactam agents, fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides. imipenem is a carbapenem antibiotic, which can be very useful for treatment of infections caused by nonfermenters. eighty-five nonfermenters causing nosocomial uti were tested for mic to imipenem by agar dilution method. resistance to o ... | 2003 | 12928556 |
| [phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of non fermenting atypical strains recovered from cystic fibrosis patients]. | we used partial 16s rrna gene (16s dna) sequencing for the prospective identification of nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli recovered from patients attending our cystic fibrosis center (hôpital necker-enfants malades), which gave problematic results with conventional phenotypic tests. during 1999, we recovered 1093 isolates of nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli from 702 sputum sampled from 148 patients. forty-six of these isolates (27 patients) were not identified satisfactorily in routine lab ... | 2003 | 12948761 |
| regioselective hydroxylation of quinolinic acid, lutidinic acid and isocinchomeronic acid by resting cells of pyridine dicarboxylic acid-degrading microorganisms. | microorganisms aerobically degrading quinolinic acid, lutidinic acid or isocinchomeronic acid were isolated and the microbial regioselective hydroxylation of these pyridine dicarboxylic acids was studied. alcaligenes sp. uk21 cells converted quinolinic acid into 6-hydroxypicolinic acid, suggesting the involvement of two enzyme reactions catalyzing hydroxylation at position c6 and decarboxylation at position c3 of quinolinic acid. resting cells of alcaligenes sp. uk21 accumulated 94.9 mm 6-hydrox ... | 2003 | 12955355 |
| exposure of sink drain microcosms to triclosan: population dynamics and antimicrobial susceptibility. | recent concern that the increased use of triclosan (tcs) in consumer products may contribute to the emergence of antibiotic resistance has led us to examine the effects of tcs dosing on domestic-drain biofilm microcosms. tcs-containing domestic detergent (tcsd) markedly lowered biofouling at 50% (wt/vol) but was poorly effective at use levels. long-term microcosms were established and stabilized for 6 months before one was subjected to successive 3-month exposures to tcsd at sublethal concentrat ... | 2003 | 12957932 |
| delivery of benzene to alcaligenes xylosoxidans by solid polymers in a two-phase partitioning bioreactor. | toxic levels of benzene were decreased to sub-inhibitory levels in a bioreactor via absorption by polymer beads or cylinders (poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) or poly(styrene-co-butadiene)). after inoculation with alcaligenes xylosoxidans, the remaining benzene in the aqueous phase as well as the benzene taken up by the polymers was degraded to completion. the capacity of these polymers for benzene, and benzene diffusivity within the polymers were also determined. | 2003 | 12967014 |
| acute postoperative alcaligenes xylosoxidans endophthalmitis. | 2003 | 12972784 | |
| sulphoacetaldehyde acetyltransferase yields acetyl phosphate: purification from alcaligenes defragrans and gene clusters in taurine degradation. | the facultatively anaerobic bacterium alcaligenes defragrans nkntau was found to oxidize taurine (2-aminoethanesulphonate) with nitrate as the terminal electron acceptor. taurine was transaminated to 2-sulphoacetaldehyde. this was not converted into sulphite and acetate by a "sulphoacetaldehyde sulpho-lyase" (ec 4.4.1.12), but into sulphite and acetyl phosphate, which was identified by three methods. the enzyme, which required the addition of phosphate, thiamin diphosphate and mg(2+) ions for ac ... | 2003 | 12358600 |
| the functional role of the binuclear metal center in d-aminoacylase: one-metal activation and second-metal attenuation. | our structural comparison of the tim barrel metal-dependent hydrolase(-like) superfamily suggests a classification of their divergent active sites into four types: alphabeta-binuclear, alpha-mononuclear, beta-mononuclear, and metal-independent subsets. the d-aminoacylase from alcaligenes faecalis da1 belongs to the beta-mononuclear subset due to the fact that the catalytically essential zn(2+) is tightly bound at the beta site with coordination by cys(96), his(220), and his(250), even though it ... | 2004 | 14736882 |
| acetylcholine and choline amperometric enzyme sensors characterized in vitro and in vivo. | acetylcholine (ach) and choline (ch) are important neuroactive molecules, yet detection of these substances in vivo presents significant analytical challenges. new multienzyme amperometric biosensors are presented here with measurement of physiologically relevant levels of ach and ch in vivo. poly(m-(1,3)-phenylenediamine) (pmpd) electropolymerized on a platinum iridium wire (pt) served as a template for immobilization of enzymes. a multienzyme layer containing choline oxidase (chox) and ascorbi ... | 2004 | 14961744 |
| biodegradation of 2-chlorophenol in forest soil: effect of inoculation with aerobic sewage sludge. | decontamination of 2-monochlorophenol-containing forest soil was studied in laboratory experiments. we found that in sterile soil, sorption of chlorophenol can occur. chlorophenol disappearance of approximately 55% was observed in native soil; both soil sorption and degradation by indigenous soil populations caused this disappearance. in native soil, however, the rate of chlorophenol disappearance was enhanced up to slightly more than 90% by inoculation with a sludge taken from the aeration tank ... | 2004 | 14982378 |
| a novel synthetic peptide derivative from lactoferrin exhibiting antimicrobial activity. | a tetrapeptide derivative boc-l-lys(boc)-l-arg-l-asp-l-ser(bu(t))-obu(t) (pep 1261; boc is butoxycarbonyl, bu(t) is t-butyl and obu(t) is t-butyl ester), synthesized by a solution-phase strategy, exhibited antimicrobial activity against a broad spectrum of micro-organisms at an optimal concentration of 500 mug/ml. whereas the tetrapeptide salt (l-lys-l-arg-l-asp-l-ser.hcl) was found to be fairly effective against bacterial cultures, it was not effective against fungal cultures. comparative growt ... | 2004 | 14992693 |
| molybdenum-containing arsenite oxidase of the chemolithoautotrophic arsenite oxidizer nt-26. | the chemolithoautotroph nt-26 oxidizes arsenite to arsenate by using a periplasmic arsenite oxidase. purification and preliminary characterization of the enzyme revealed that it (i) contains two heterologous subunits, aroa (98 kda) and arob (14 kda); (ii) has a native molecular mass of 219 kda, suggesting an alpha2beta2 configuration; and (iii) contains two molybdenum and 9 or 10 iron atoms per alpha2beta2 unit. the genes that encode the enzyme have been cloned and sequenced. sequence analyses r ... | 2004 | 14996791 |
| met144ala mutation of the copper-containing nitrite reductase from alcaligenes xylosoxidans reverses the intramolecular electron transfer. | pulse radiolysis has been employed to investigate the intramolecular electron transfer (et) between the type 1 (t1) and type 2 (t2) copper sites in the met144ala alcaligenes xylosoxidans nitrite reductase (axcunir) mutant. this mutation increases the reduction potential of the t1 copper center. kinetic results suggest that the change in driving force has a dramatic influence on the reactivity: the t2cu(ii) is initially reduced followed by et to t1cu(ii). the activation parameters have been deter ... | 2004 | 15013772 |