Publications

systematic identification of factors involved in post-transcriptional processes in wheat grain.	post-transcriptional processing of primary transcripts can significantly affect both the quantity and the structure of mature mrnas and the corresponding protein products. it is an important mechanism of gene regulation in animals, yeast and plants. here we have investigated the interactive networks of pre-mrna processing factors in the developing grain of wheat (triticum aestivum), one of the world's major food staples. as a first step we isolated a homologue of the plant specific atrsz33 splic ...	2006	16941218
nonhost resistance of barley is successfully manifested against magnaporthe grisea and a closely related pennisetum-infecting lineage but is overcome by magnaporthe oryzae.	magnaporthe oryzae is a major pathogen of rice (oryza sativa l.) but is also able to infect other grasses, including barley (hordeum vulgare l.). here, we report a study using magnaporthe isolates collected from other host plant species to evaluate their capacity to infect barley. a nonhost type of resistance was detected in barley against isolates derived from genera pennisetum (fontaingrass) or digitaria (crabgrass), but no resistance occurred in response to isolates from rice, genus eleusine ...	2006	16941905
determination of alkaline phosphatase based on affinity adsorption solid-substrate room temperature phosphorimetry using rhodamine 6g-dibromoluciferin luminescent nanoparticle to label lectin and prediction of diseases.	in the presence of heavy atom perturber liac, the silicon dioxide nanoparticle containing rhodamine 6g (r) and dibromoluciferin (d) (r-d-sio(2)) can emit strong and stable solid-substrate room temperature phosphorescence signal of r (lambda(ex)/lambda(em)=481/648 nm) and d (lambda(ex)/lambda(em)=457/622 nm) on the surface of acetyl cellulose membrane (acm). r-d-sio(2) is used to label triticum vulgare lectin (wga). then two types of affinity adsorption reactions, r-d-sio(2)-wga- alkaline phospha ...	2006	16942743
[cloning and identification of the resistance gene analogs of wheat].	specific primer sequences were designed on the basis of converse motifs of cloned resistance genes and subsequently used as pcr primers to amplify the resistance gene analog (rga) in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) xinong 88 which possesses rust disease resistance. the amplified products of wrga1, wrga2 and wrga14 were cloned and sequenced. the wheat rgas contain some conserved motifs such as kinase-2a, kinase-3a and hd presenting in known nbs-lrr resistance genes from other plants and share betwee ...	2006	16944578
wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	this chapter describes a procedure for agrobacterium-mediated wheat transformation. freshly isolated immature embryos, precultured immature embryos, or embryogenic calli are inoculated with a disarmed a. tumefaciens strain c58 (abi) harboring the binary vector pmon18365 containing the beta-glucuronidase (gus) gene with an intron, and a selectable marker, neomycinphosphotranferase (npt) ii gene. the inoculated explants are selected on callus induction medium with the selective agent g418 for appr ...	2006	16988349
volatile chemical cues guide host location and host selection by parasitic plants.	the importance of plant volatiles in mediating interactions between plant species is much debated. here, we demonstrate that the parasitic plant cuscuta pentagona (dodder) uses volatile cues for host location. cuscuta pentagona seedlings exhibit directed growth toward nearby tomato plants (lycopersicon esculentum) and toward extracted tomato-plant volatiles presented in the absence of other cues. impatiens (impatiens wallerana) and wheat plants (triticum aestivum) also elicit directed growth. mo ...	2006	17008532
[genealogical analysis of resistance to fusarium head blight in russian and ukrainian cultivars of common wheat triticum aestivum l].	the gris3.5 information analytical system of wheat genetic resources was used to track the possible ways of the transmission of fusarium head blight resistance from ancestors to progenies in extended pedigrees of 149 russian and ukrainian cultivaris of winter common wheat. analysis of variance was performed for the coefficient of parentage computed for the cultivars under study and the putative sources of resistance and revealed that groups of resistant and susceptible cultivars differed in the ...	2006	17025160
the bnalmt1 and bnalmt2 genes from rape encode aluminum-activated malate transporters that enhance the aluminum resistance of plant cells.	the release of organic anions from roots can protect plants from aluminum (al) toxicity and help them overcome phosphorus (p) deficiency. our previous findings showed that al treatment induced malate and citrate efflux from rape (brassica napus) roots, and that p deficiency did not induce the efflux. since this response is similar to the malate efflux from wheat (triticum aestivum) that is controlled by the taalmt1 gene, we investigated whether homologs of taalmt1 are present in rape and whether ...	2006	17028155
alpha-pinene inhibits growth and induces oxidative stress in roots.	determining the mode of action of allelochemicals is one of the challenging aspects in allelopathic studies. recently, allelochemicals have been proposed to cause oxidative stress in target tissue and induce an antioxidant mechanism. alpha-pinene, one of the common monoterpenoids emitted from several aromatic plants including forest trees, is known for its growth-inhibitory activity. however, its mechanism of action remains unexplored. the aim of the present study was to determine the inhibitory ...	2006	17028297
low copy number gene transfer and stable expression in a commercial wheat cultivar via particle bombardment.	two groups of linear gene constructs (gus and bar, and 1ax1 and bar) lacking vector backbone sequences were independently transferred into the elite wheat (triticum aestivum l.) variety em12, and genetically stable transgenic plants with low copy number transgene integration were recovered. co-transformation experiments were carried out in parallel using either circular whole plasmid(s) or linear gene cassettes which were purified from the same plasmid by restrictive digestion, each cassette con ...	2006	17032730
characterization of genetic loci conferring adult plant resistance to leaf rust and stripe rust in spring wheat.	leaf (brown) and stripe (yellow) rusts, caused by puccinia triticina and puccinia striiformis, respectively, are fungal diseases of wheat (triticum aestivum) that cause significant yield losses annually in many wheat-growing regions of the world. the objectives of our study were to characterize genetic loci associated with resistance to leaf and stripe rusts using molecular markers in a population derived from a cross between the rust-susceptible cultivar 'avocet s' and the resistant cultivar 'p ...	2006	17036073
development of simple and efficient in planta transformation method for wheat (triticum aestivum l.) using agrobacterium tumefaciens.	wheat (triticum aestivum l. var. shiranekomugi) seeds were soaked in water at 22 degrees c for 1 d. thereafter, the embryo of the soaked seeds was inoculated with agrobacterium tumefaciens by piercing a region of the embryonic apical meristem with a needle that had been dipped in an a. tumefaciens inoculum. the inoculated seeds were incubated at 22 degrees c for 2 d and sterilized by cefotaxime (claforan) (1000 ppm water solution) treatment and then vernalized at 5 degrees c for 25 d. finally, t ...	2006	17046528
nps6, encoding a nonribosomal peptide synthetase involved in siderophore-mediated iron metabolism, is a conserved virulence determinant of plant pathogenic ascomycetes.	nps6, encoding a nonribosomal peptide synthetase, is a virulence determinant in the maize (zea mays) pathogen cochliobolus heterostrophus and is involved in tolerance to h(2)o(2). deletion of nps6 orthologs in the rice (oryza sativa) pathogen, cochliobolus miyabeanus, the wheat (triticum aestivum) pathogen, fusarium graminearum, and the arabidopsis thaliana pathogen, alternaria brassicicola, resulted in reduced virulence and hypersensitivity to h(2)o(2). introduction of the nps6 ortholog from th ...	2006	17056706
development of functional markers specific for seven pm3 resistance alleles and their validation in the bread wheat gene pool.	in the ideal case, molecular markers used for marker-assisted selection are allele-specific even if the alleles differ only by a few nucleotide polymorphisms within the coding sequence of target genes. such 'perfect' markers are completely correlated with the trait of interest. in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) the pm3 locus encodes seven alleles (pm3a-pm3g) conferring resistance to different races of blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici, the agent of powdery mildew, a major disease of bread ...	2006	17063340
[animal nutrition for veterinarians--case study: colic in ponies in a "petting zoo" caused by ingestion of higher amounts of wheat (triticum aestivum l.)].	nutritional disorders in domestic or pet animals depend not seldom on special situations, for example when different influences coincide concerning keeping, housing and offering of feed or water. these lead suddenly to high-risk situations, that can cause sometimes the death of the animal. the following case report deals with two ponies, that were kept on a so-called "petting zoo" and showed repeatedly colic symptoms (always after a weekend). during surgery in the stomach light yellow balls were ...	2006	17078533
cloning and characterization of six highly similar endo-1,3-beta-glucanase genes in hexaploid wheat.	pathogenesis-related (pr) proteins are often used as a marker of plant defense reactions. some endo-1,3-beta-glucanase (gns) genes encode proteins that belong to the pr protein family 2 (pr-2). although the number of homologous family member genes is significantly greater in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) compared to other model plants, earlier studies did not evaluate the possible contribution of their homologs to hybridization signals in northern blot analysis. in this study, we have e ...	2006	17110121
the sbm1 locus conferring resistance to soil-borne cereal mosaic virus maps to a gene-rich region on 5dl in wheat.	a mosaic disease caused by soil-borne cereal mosaic virus (sbcmv) is becoming increasingly important, particularly in winter wheat in europe. as there are currently no effective cultural practices or practical environmentally friendly chemicals for disease control, host plant resistance is an important objective in breeding programs. however, development of resistant cultivars is slow owing to difficulties in germplasm screening for resistance. therefore, there is a need to identify molecular ma ...	2006	17110994
root phospholipids in azospirillum-inoculated wheat seedlings exposed to water stress.	azospirillum-plant association is accompanied by biochemical changes in roots which, in turn, promote plant-growth and tolerance to water stress. to shed light on the possible factors underlying these effects, roots from azospirillum brasilense sp245-inoculated triticum aestivum seedlings growing in darkness under osmotic stress were analyzed for phospholipid (pl) composition, fatty acid (fa) distribution profiles and degree of unsaturation of the major pl classes. azospirillum inoculation dimin ...	2006	17123824
[dynamics of genetic diversity in winter common wheat triticum aestivum l. cultivars released in russia from 1929 to 2005].	genealogical analysis was used to study the dynamics of genetic diversity in russian cultivars of winter common wheat from 1929 to 2005. the shannon diversity index of the total set of released cultivars remained almost unchanged, although the number of original ancestors (landraces and genetic lines) increased almost tenfold in the period under study. this was explained in terms of the dependence of the modified shannon diversity index on two parameters, the number of original ancestors and the ...	2006	17152706
leaf rust (puccinia triticina) resistance in wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivars grown in northern europe 1992-2002.	diversity of resistance to leaf rust caused by puccinia triticina can be enhanced in wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivars through a better knowledge of resistance genes that are present in important cultivars and germplasm. multi-pathotype tests on 84 wheat cultivars grown in denmark, finland, norway and sweden during 1992-2002 and 39 differential testers enabled the postulation of nine known genes for seedling resistance to leaf rust. genes lr1, lr2a, lr3, lr10, lr13, lr14a, lr17, lr23 and lr26 ...	2006	17362328
identification of prevalent potyvirus on maize and johnsongrass in corn fields of tehran province of iran and a study on some of its properties.	during a growing season in 2004, 231 leaf samples of virus infected and mosaic and dwarf mosaic symptoms showing maize (zea mays l.) plants and 258 leaf samples of mosaic showing johnsongrass (sorghum halepens l.) plants from various corn fields in tehran province were collected. serological tests of das-elisa and diba were performed on samples using antisera of sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv), maize dwarf mosaic virus (mdmv), sorghum mosaic virus (srmv) and johnsongrasss mosaic virus (jgmv). in b ...	2006	17390895
the effects of walnut and pine leaves on bread wheat growth and frequence of common weed species in the east-mediterranean region.	a field experiment was carried out to determine the effects of walnut (juglans regia l.) and pine (pinus sp.) leaves on bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) growth and weed control, during 2001-02 and 2002-03 growing seasons in east mediterranean region of turkey. in this research, the treatments were: applications of ground walnut leaves (gwl) and ground pine leaves (gpl) at 19 g/m2 dose at zadoks-11, applications of 200, 400 and 800 cc/m2 of walnut leaves extract (wle2, wle4 and wle8 respectivel ...	2006	17402244
molecular characterization and chromosome-specific trap-marker development for langdon durum d-genome disomic substitution lines.	the aneuploid stocks of durum wheat (triticum turgidum l. subsp. durum (desf.) husnot) and common wheat (t. aestivum l.) have been developed mainly in 'langdon' (ldn) and 'chinese spring' (cs) cultivars, respectively. the ldn-cs d-genome chromosome disomic substitution (ldn-ds) lines, where a pair of cs d-genome chromosomes substitute for a corresponding homoeologous a- or b-genome chromosome pair of ldn, have been widely used to determine the chromosomal locations of genes in tetraploid wheat. ...	2006	17426769
mapping of fhb resistance qtls in tetraploid wheat.	triticum turgidum l var. durum is known to be particularly susceptible to infection by fusarium graminearum, the causal agent for fusarium head blight (fhb), which results in severe yield losses and grain contaminated with mycotoxins. this research was aimed at identifying fhb resistance in tetraploid wheat and mapping the location of fhb resistance genes. a tetraploid cross of durum wheat ('strongfield') x triticum carthlicum ('blackbird') was used to generate a doubled-haploid (dh) population. ...	2006	17426773
multiple genetic pathways for seed shattering in the grasses.	shattering is an essential seed dispersal mechanism in wild species. it is believed that independent mutations at orthologous loci led to convergent domestication of cereal crops. to investigate genetic relationships of triticeae shattering genes with those of other grasses, we mapped spike-, barrel- (b-type), and wedge-type (w-type) spikelet disarticulation genes in wheat and its wild relatives. the br1 gene for w-type disarticulation was mapped to a region delimited by xpsr598 and xpsr1196 on ...	2006	16404644
aerobic decolorization and detoxification of a disperse dye in textile effluent by a new isolate of bacillus sp.	a number of aerobic species capable of decolorizing some of the dyes in a textile mill effluent were isolated. one of the isolates was able to decolorize terasil black dye under aerobic conditions in the presence of an exogenous carbon source after 5 days. glucose or starch (%1 ea) are essential for decolorization but the process proceeds faster in the presence of 0.5% yeast extract. results of the bod(5) show that the untreated effluent samples have a low bod value, whereas treated samples show ...	2006	16411245
flavonoid 3'-o-methyltransferase from rice: cdna cloning, characterization and functional expression.	plant o-methyltransferases (omts) are known to be involved in methylation of plant secondary metabolites, especially phenylpropanoid and flavonoid compounds. an omt, romt-9, was cloned and characterized from rice using a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). the blast results for romt-9 showed a 73% identity with caffeic acid omts from maize and triticum aestivum. romt-9 was expressed in escherichia coli and its recombinant protein was purified using affinity chromatography. ...	2006	16412485
identification and characterization of stripe rust resistance gene yr34 in common wheat.	an uncharacterized source of seedling resistance to puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici was identified in an advanced wheat breeding line wawht2046. genetic analysis based on a wawht2046/carnamah-derived double haploid (dh) population demonstrated monogenic inheritance of seedling stripe rust resistance in wawht2046. the gene controlling stripe rust resistance in line wawht2046 was tentatively designated yrwa. the chromosome 5al located awn inhibitor gene b1, possessed by wawht2046, also showed m ...	2006	16435125
cytotoxic thio-malate is transported by both an aluminum-responsive malate efflux pathway in wheat and the mae1 malate permease in schizosaccharomyces pombe.	aluminum (al) tolerance in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is mainly achieved by malate efflux, which is regulated by the expression of the recently identified gene, presumably encoding an al-activated malate efflux transporter (almt1). however, the transport mechanism is not fully understood, partly as a result of the rapid turnover of its substrate. we developed a tool to study malate transport in wheat by screening biological compounds using the well-characterized schizosaccharomyces pombe malat ...	2006	16450171
molecular tagging of stripe rust resistance gene yrzh84 in chinese wheat line zhou 8425b.	stripe rust, caused by puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (pst), is one of the most damaging diseases in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). with the objective of identifying and tagging new genes for resistance to stripe rust, f1, f2 and f3 populations from the cross zhou 8425b/chinese spring were inoculated with chinese pst isolate cyr32 in the greenhouse. a total of 790 ssr primers were used to test the parents and resistant and susceptible bulks. the resulting seven polymorphic markers on ...	2006	16450183
cessation of tillering in spring wheat in relation to light interception and red : far-red ratio.	the production of axillary shoots (tillering) in spring wheat (triticum aestivum) depends on intraspecific competition. the mechanisms that underlie this competition are complex, but light within the wheat canopy plays a key role. the main objectives of this paper are to analyse the effects of plant population density and shade on tillering dynamics of spring wheat, to assess the canopy conditions quantitatively at the time of tillering cessation, and to analyse the relationship between the till ...	2006	16464875
cloning, characterization and expression analysis of the receptor-like kinase gene (rlk) in common wheat.	to investigate whether homologs of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) lrk10 gene was expressed in powdery mildew-resistant lines after inoculation with blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, one degenerate primer for 5'-race was designed according to the 6th kinase subdomain of lrk10 and other plant kinases. 5'-race was performed with the template cdna synthesized with rna extracted from seedling leaves of a powdery mildew-resistant wheat line "99-2439" after inoculation with b. graminis. one 1551 bp cdna ...	2006	16477135
chemical ecology in wheat plant-pest interactions. how the use of modern techniques and a multidisciplinary approach can throw new light on a well-known phenomenon: allelopathy.	a new holistic approach on research into allelopathy was launched in the fateallchem project. the project was financed by the european commission in the 5th framework programme and involved agronomists, biologists, analytical chemists, organic chemists, environmental chemists, ecotoxicologists, and modelers. benzoxazinones from wheat (triticum aestivum l.) were the main group of compounds studied in the project. the project showed that future assessments of an extensive use of allelopathic crops ...	2006	16478207
increased puroindoline levels slow ruminal digestion of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) starch by cattle.	starch is the primary nutrient in ruminant diets used to promote high levels of performance. the site of starch digestion alters the nature of digestive end products (vfa in the rumen vs. glucose in the small intestine) and the efficiency of use. cereal grain endosperm texture plays a major role in the rate and extent of starch degradation in ruminants. wheat grain texture is regulated by the starch surface protein complex friabilin that consists primarily of puroindoline (pin) a and b. soft ker ...	2006	16478956
an approach for isolating high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit genes using monoclonal antibodies.	high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (hmw-gss) play an important role in the breadmaking quality of wheat flour. in china, cultivars such as triticum aestivum 'xiaoyan no. 6' carrying the 1bx14 and 1by15 glutenin subunits usually have attributes that result in high-quality bread and noodles. hmw-gs 1bx14 and 1by15 were isolated by preparative sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) and used as an antigen to immunize balb/c mice. a resulting monoclonal antibody be ...	2006	16498468
optimizing organic fertilizer applications under steady-state conditions.	because organic n fertilizers must be mineralized before they become plant-available, application designs should consider time and temperature effects on n release as well as crop n requirements. this study presents deterministic (dopt) and stochastic (sopt) linear optimization models to determine sustainable land application schedules. the easily solved models minimize the amount of n that is applied while assuring than crop n demands are met as they develop. temperature effects on n mineraliza ...	2006	16510711
mapping of residues involved in the interaction between the bacillus subtilis xylanase a and proteinaceous wheat xylanase inhibitors.	the bacillus subtilis xylanase a was subjected to site-directed mutagenesis, aimed at changing the interaction with triticum aestivum xylanase inhibitor, the only wheat endogenous proteinaceous xylanase inhibitor interacting with this xylanase. the published structure of bacillus circulans xyna was used to target amino acids surrounding the active site cleft of b.subtilis xyna for mutation. twenty-two residues were mutated, resulting in 62 different variants. the catalytic activity of active mut ...	2006	16517552
fine mapping fhb1, a major gene controlling fusarium head blight resistance in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	a major fusarium head blight (fhb) resistance gene fhb1 (syn. qfhs.ndsu-3bs) was fine mapped on the distal segment of chromosome 3bs of spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) as a mendelian factor. fhb resistant parents, sumai 3 and nyubai, were used as sources of this gene. two mapping populations were developed to facilitate segregation of qfhs.ndsu-3bs in either a fixed resistant (sumai 35/thatcher) (s/t) or fixed susceptible (hc374/398b69-l47) (hc/98) genetic background (hc374 = wuhan1/nyubai ...	2006	16518614
molecular mapping of hybrid necrosis genes ne1 and ne2 in hexaploid wheat using microsatellite markers.	hybrid necrosis is the gradual premature death of leaves or plants in certain f1 hybrids of wheat (triticum aestivum l.), and it is caused by the interaction of two dominant complementary genes ne1 and ne2 located on chromosome arms 5bl and 2bs, respectively. to date, molecular markers linked to these genes have not been identified and linkage relationships of the two genes with other important genes in wheat have not been established. we observed that the f1 hybrids from the crosses between the ...	2006	16518615
effects of salicylic acid and cold treatments on protein levels and on the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the apoplast of winter wheat leaves.	the effects of salicylic acid (sa) and cold on apoplastic protein levels and activities of apoplastic catalase (cat), peroxidase (pox) and polyphenol oxidase (ppo) were investigated in winter wheat (triticum aestivum cv. dogu-88) leaves. the plants were grown with and without 10 microm sa treatment at both control (20/18 degrees c for 30 and 45-day) and cold (10/5 degrees c for 30-day and 5/3 degrees c for 45-day) acclimatisations. molecular masses of the apoplastic polypeptides were shown rangi ...	2006	16519911
evaluation of the antioxidant activity of wheatgrass (triticum aestivum l.) as a function of growth under different conditions.	the antioxidant activity of wheatgrass, which is consumed as a dietary supplement, was estimated at different levels. the methods employed include frap (ferric reducing antioxidant power), abts (2,2'-azobis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and dpph (1,1'-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) assays. aqueous and ethanol extracts of wheatgrass grown under different conditions over a period of 6, 7, 8, 10 and 15 days were used. lipid peroxidation and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (orac) were determ ...	2006	16521113
wheat and maize thioredoxins: a novel cross-reactive cereal allergen family related to baker's asthma.	baker's asthma is a serious problem for a significant proportion of workers in bakeries, confectionaries, and the food industry. although several wheat allergens related to baker's asthma have been described, standardized reagents for a reliable diagnosis are not yet available.	2006	16522470
molecular mapping of stripe rust resistance gene yrch42 in chinese wheat cultivar chuanmai 42 and its allelism with yr24 and yr26.	stripe rust, caused by puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (pst), is one of the most devastating diseases in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) worldwide. the objectives of this study were to map a stripe rust resistance gene in chinese wheat cultivar chuanmai 42 using molecular markers and to investigate its allelism with yr24 and yr26. a total of 787 f2 plants and 186 f3 lines derived from a cross between resistant cultivar chuanmai 42 and susceptible line taichung 29 were used for resistance ...	2006	16525837
characterization of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit genes and their protein products in common wheats.	to characterize the low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (lmw-gs), we developed specific pcr primer sets to distinguish 12 groups of lmw-gs genes of norin 61 and to decide their loci with nullisomic-tetrasomic lines of chinese spring. three, two, and ten groups were assigned to glu-a3, glu-b3, and glu-d3 loci, respectively. to identify the proteins containing the corresponding amino acid sequences, we determined the n-terminal amino acid sequence of 12 spots of lmw-gss of norin 61 separated by ...	2006	16283233
fine genetic mapping fails to dissociate durable stem rust resistance gene sr2 from pseudo-black chaff in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	the broad-spectrum stem rust resistance gene sr2 has provided protection in wheat against puccinia graminis pers. f. sp. tritici for over 80 years. the sr2 gene and an associated dark pigmentation trait, pseudo-black chaff (pbc), have previously been localized to the short arm of chromosome 3b. in a first step towards the positional-based cloning of sr2, we constructed a high-resolution map of this region. the wheat est (west) deletion bin mapping project provided tightly linked cdna markers. th ...	2006	16311724
a model wheat cultivar for transformation to improve resistance to fusarium head blight.	fusarium head blight (fhb), caused primarily by fusarium graminearum, is a major disease problem in wheat (triticum aestivum). genetic engineering holds significant potential to enhance fhb resistance in wheat. due to the requirement of screening for fhb resistance on flowers at anthesis, the number of screens carried out in a year is limited. our objective was to evaluate the feasibility of using the rapid-maturing dwarf wheat cultivar apogee as an alternative genotype for transgenic fhb resist ...	2006	16252090
molecular characterization of a diagnostic dna marker for domesticated tetraploid wheat provides evidence for gene flow from wild tetraploid wheat to hexaploid wheat.	all forms of domesticated tetraploid wheat (triticum turgidum, genomes aabb) are nearly monomorphic for restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) haplotype a at the xpsr920 locus on chromosome 4a (xpsr920-a1a), and wild tetraploid wheat is monomorphic for haplotype b. the xpsr920-a1a/b dimorphism provides a molecular marker for domesticated and wild tetraploid wheat, respectively. hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum, genomes aabbdd) is polymorphic for the 2 haplotypes. bacterial artificial ...	2006	16675504
[responses of spring wheat to elevated co2 and their effects on sitobion avenae aphid growth, development and reproduction].	the study on the responses of spring wheat (triticum aestivum) potted in open-top chamber to elevated co2 (542.1 +/- 24.8 and 738.8.0 +/- 25.7 microl x l(-1) vs. 382.4 +/- 24.8 microl x l(-1)) and their effects on sitobion avenae aphid growth, development and reproduction showed that elevated co2 was advantageous for spring wheat growth. in treatments 550 and 750 microl co2 x l(-1), the plant height during may 5 approximately june 14 increased by 2.80% approximately 14.92% and 6.30% approximatel ...	2006	16689241
photosynthetic acclimation to elevated co2 in relation to rubisco gene expression in three c3 species.	wheat (triticum aestivum l. var. dl 1266-5), sunflower (helianthus annuus l. var. msfh 17) and mungbean [vigna radiata (l.) wilczek var. p 9072] were grown in field under atmospheric (360 +/- 10 cm3 m(-3), ac) and elevated (650 +/- 50 cm3 m(-3), ec) co2 concentrations in open top chambers for entire period of growth and development. photosynthetic acclimation to elevated co2 was examined by comparing photosynthesis rate (pn), pn/ci curves, leaf contents of rubp carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco), c ...	2006	16708896
cloning and characterization of three thioredoxin h isoforms from wheat showing differential expression in seeds.	plants contain several genes encoding thioredoxin h. in cereals, type-h thioredoxins are abundant in developing and germinating grains, but the mechanism regulating the expression of these genes and their specific function is poorly known. the cloning of three full-length cdnas encoding thioredoxin h, stated trxh1, trxh2 and trxh3, from wheat (triticum aestivum cv. soissons) seeds is described here. trxh2 and trxh3 deduced proteins show high identity between them and with other thioredoxins h pr ...	2006	16720611
sesquiterpene lactones as allelochemicals.	six new sesquiterpene lactones, annuolide h (3), helivypolides f, h-j (4, 11-13), and helieudesmanolide a (6), together with known compounds, were isolated from polar bioactive fractions of helianthus annuus cv. sh-222 and stella fresh leaf water extracts. spectroscopic analysis of the new data for 1,2-anhydroniveusin a and 1-methoxy-4,5-dihydroniveusin a corrects some previous assignments. the compounds were tested using the etiolated wheat coleoptile bioassay, and the most active compounds wer ...	2006	16724843
toxic effects and oxidative stress in higher plants exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their n-heterocyclic derivatives.	n-heterocyclic derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (npahs) are widespread concomitantly with their parent analogues and have been detected in air, water, sediments, and soil. although they were shown to be highly toxic to some organisms, our understanding of their occurrence, environmental fate, biological metabolism, and effects is limited. this study evaluated toxic effects of three homocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs-phenanthrene, anthracene, fluorene) and their seven n-heteroc ...	2006	17220094
structural and functional analyses of the wheat genomes based on expressed sequence tags (ests) related to abiotic stresses.	to gain insights into the structure and function of the wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genomes, we identified 278 ests related to abiotic stress (cold, heat, drought, salinity, and aluminum) from 7671 ests previously mapped to wheat chromosomes. of the 278 abiotic stress related ests, 259 (811 loci) were assigned to chromosome deletion bins and analyzed for their distribution pattern among the 7 homoeologous chromosome groups. distribution of abiotic stress related est loci were not uniform throug ...	2006	17218960
analysis of the phylogenetic relationships among several species of gramineae using acgm markers.	to study the transferability of rice (oryza sativa l.) genome data, we used amplified consensus genetic markers to analyze the phylogenetic relationships among several species and genera in gramineae. ten accessions representing five grass genera (oryza, zea, setaria, triticum, and phyllostachys) were used. according to the genetic distances, a cluster tree was constructed. the relationships among the five genera could be simply described as ((oryza + (zea +setaria)) +triticum) +phyllostachys. t ...	2006	17185173
a sodium transporter (hkt7) is a candidate for nax1, a gene for salt tolerance in durum wheat.	durum wheat (triticum turgidum subsp. durum) is more salt sensitive than bread wheat (triticum aestivum). a novel source of na(+) exclusion conferring salt tolerance to durum wheat is present in the durum wheat line 149 derived from triticum monococcum c68-101, and a quantitative trait locus contributing to low na(+) concentration in leaf blades, nax1, mapped to chromosome 2al. in this study, we used the rice (oryza sativa) genome sequence and data from the wheat expressed sequence tag deletion ...	2006	17071645
discovery of cyclotide-like protein sequences in graminaceous crop plants: ancestral precursors of circular proteins?	cyclotides are peptides from plants of the rubiaceae and violaceae families that have the unusual characteristic of a macrocylic backbone. they are further characterized by their incorporation of a cystine knot in which two disulfides, along with the intervening backbone residues, form a ring through which a third disulfide is threaded. the cyclotides have been found in every violaceae species screened to date but are apparently present in only a few rubiaceae species. the selective distribution ...	2006	16935986
characterization of expressed pgip genes in rice and wheat reveals similar extent of sequence variation to dicot pgips and identifies an active pgip lacking an entire lrr repeat.	polygalacturonase-inhibiting proteins (pgips) are leucine-rich repeat (lrr) proteins involved in plant defence. a number of pgips have been characterized from dicot species, whereas only a few data are available from monocots. database searches and genome-specific cloning strategies allowed the identification of four rice (oryza sativa l.) and two wheat (triticum aestivum l.) pgip genes. the rice pgip genes (ospgip1, ospgip2, ospgip3 and ospgip4) are distributed over a 30 kbp region of the short ...	2006	16906405
organ-specific analysis of the anaerobic primary metabolism in rice and wheat seedlings. i: dark ethanol production is dominated by the shoots.	during anaerobiosis in darkness the main route for atp production in plants is through glycolysis in combination with fermentation. we compared the organ-specific anaerobic fermentation of flooding-tolerant rice (oryza sativa) and sensitive wheat (triticum aestivum) seedlings. a sensitive laser-based photoacoustic trace gas detection system was used to monitor emission of ethanol and acetaldehyde by roots and shoots of intact seedlings. dark-incubated rice seedlings released 3 times more acetald ...	2006	16845530
development, utilization of introgression lines using a synthetic wheat as donor.	a series of introgression lines (ils) were generated from repeated backcrossing between the exotic hexaploid wheat genotype am3 and the common wheat genotype laizhou953. am3 was synthesized by crossing triticum carthlicum with aegilops tauschii and was used as the donor parent in this study, and laizhou953 was used as the recurrent parent. two hundred and five ssr markers showing polymorphism between the two parents were used to identify the introgressed am3 chromosome segments in 97 bc4f3 ils. ...	2006	16550399
advanced backcross qtl analysis of a hard winter wheat x synthetic wheat population.	advanced backcross quantitative trait locus (ab-qtl) analysis was used to identify qtls for yield and yield components in a backcross population developed from a cross between hard red winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) variety karl 92 and the synthetic wheat line ta 4152-4. phenotypic data were collected for agronomic traits including heading date, plant height, kernels per spike, kernel weight, tiller number, biomass, harvest index, test weight, grain yield, protein content, and kernel hardne ...	2006	16463062
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi contribute to phosphorus uptake by wheat grown in a phosphorus-fixing soil even in the absence of positive growth responses.	we used 32p to quantify the contribution of an arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungus (glomus intraradices) to phosphorus (p) uptake by wheat (triticum aestivum), grown in compartmented pots. the soil was from a major cereal-growing area, the eyre peninsula, south australia; it was highly calcareous and p-fixing. fertilizer p was added to soil at 20 mg kg(-1), as solid or liquid. two extraction methods were used to estimate plant-available p. fungal colonization was well established at harvest (36 d ...	2006	17083683
rna editing site recognition in heterologous plant mitochondria.	rna editing is a process that modifies the information content of mitochondrial messenger rnas in flowering plants changing specific cytosine residues into uridine. to gain insight into editing site recognition, we used electroporation to introduce engineered wheat (triticum aestivum) or potato (solanum tuberosum) mitochondrial cox2 genes, and an atp9-containing chimeric gene, into non-cognate mitochondria, and observed the efficiency of editing in these contexts. both wheat and potato mitochond ...	2006	17033819
complex genome rearrangements reveal evolutionary dynamics of pericentromeric regions in the triticeae.	most pericentromeric regions of eukaryotic chromosomes are heterochromatic and are the most rapidly evolving regions of complex genomes. the closely related genomes within hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l., 2n=6x=42, aabbdd), as well as in the related triticeae taxa, share large conserved chromosome segments and provide a good model for the study of the evolution of pericentromeric regions. here we report on the comparative analysis of pericentric inversions in the triticeae, including triti ...	2006	17426778
durum wheat adulteration detection by nir spectroscopy multivariate calibration.	in the present work, we explored the possibility of using near-infrared spectroscopy in order to quantify the degree of adulteration of durum wheat flour with common bread wheat flour. the multivariate calibration techniques adopted to this aim were pls and a wavelet-based calibration algorithm, recently developed by some of us, called wilma. both techniques provided satisfactory results, the percentage of adulterant present in the samples being quantified with an uncertainty lower than that ass ...	2006	18970492
[comparative characteristics of reproduction of the wheat striped mosaic virus in winter and spring triticum aestivum l. in natural agrocoenosis and during clinostatting].	microgravity (a transformed environment) was produced with the use of a multi-purpose clinostat. object of the investigation was wheat striped mosaic virus (wsmv) affecting a great variety of wheat species in natural agrocoenosis, and super-dwarf cultivar apogee in the transformed environment. enzyme immunodetection (das-elisa) as well as electron microscopy were employed for virus identification. viral reproduction was found high (titre 1/2560) in winter and spring wheat species in agrocoenosis ...	2006	15372798
[purification and characterization of lipases from wheat germ].	a method of isolation and purification of lipase (ec 3.1.1.3) from the germ of wheat (triticum aestivum) is described. electrophoretically homogeneous preparation of the enzyme (specific activity, 622.5 x x 10(-3) mumol/min per mg protein) was obtained after purification in 61 times. the molecular weight of the enzyme, determined by gel chromatography, was 143 +/- 2 kda. the optimal conditions for the enzyme were 37 degrees and ph 8.0. homogeneous preparation of the lipase exhibited high thermal ...	2006	15029708
[luminescent indicators in various parts of wheat leaves in ontogenesis].	a comparative study of slow fluorescence induction, fluorescence spectra, thermoluminescence, photosynthetic activity and chlorophyll content in ontogenesis of wheat seedlings (triticum aestivum l, cv. yubileinayd) grown in the laboratory conditions was carried out. it was shown that (fm-ft)/ft values of slow fluorescence induction increased with the age of leaf part, reached a maximum (for 2-week-old seedlings), and then decreased. changes in (fm-ft)/ft positively correlated with the changes in ...	2006	14714527
osmotic regulation of 10 wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genotypes at soil water deficits.	drought is a worldwide problem, seriously influencing plant (crop) productivity. wheat is a stable food for 35% of the world population, moreover about 60% of land area on the globe belongs to arid and semi-arid zone. wheat drought resistance is a multi-gene-controlling quantitative character and wheat final production in field is realized mainly by physiological regulation under the condition of multi-environmental factor interaction. exploring drought resistance physiological mechanisms for di ...	2006	16413760
triticum aestivum shows a greater biomass response to a supply of aluminium phosphate than lupinus albus, despite releasing fewer carboxylates into the rhizosphere.	the relationship between carboxylate release and the ability of plants to access phosphorus from alpo4 and to detoxify aluminium was studied by comparing species with a low and high rate of carboxylate release, triticum aestivum (wheat) and lupinus albus (white lupin), respectively. species were supplied with p at 10, 20, 40 or 100 mg p kg-1 sand in the form of sparingly soluble alpo4 or soluble kh2po4; control plants did not receive any p. triticum aestivum was significantly better than l. albu ...	2006	16411954
combined agronomic and physiological aspects of nitrogen management in wheat highlight a central role for glutamine synthetase.	in wheat the period of grain filling is characterized by a transition for all vegetative organs from sink to source status. to study this transition, the progression of physiological markers and enzyme activities representative of nitrogen metabolism was monitored from the vegetative stage to maturity in different leaf stages and stem sections of two wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivars grown at high and low levels of n fertilization. in the two cultivars examined, we found a general decrease of ...	2006	16411930
water uptake by roots of hordeum marinum: formation of a barrier to radial o2 loss does not affect root hydraulic conductivity.	the adventitious roots of hordeum marinum grown in stagnant deoxygenated solution contain a barrier to radial o2 loss (rol) in basal zones, whereas roots of plants grown in aerated solution do not. the present experiments assessed whether induction of the barrier to rol influences root hydraulic conductivity (lpr). wheat (triticum aestivum) was also studied since, like h. marinum, this species forms aerenchyma in stagnant conditions, but does not form a barrier to rol. plants were grown in eithe ...	2006	16410258
arabinoxylan and (1-->3),(1-->4)-beta-glucan deposition in cell walls during wheat endosperm development.	arabinoxylans (ax) and (1-->3),(1-->4)-beta-glucans are major components of wheat endosperm cell walls. their chemical heterogeneity has been described but little is known about the sequence of their deposition in cell walls during endosperm development. the time course and pattern of deposition of the (1-->3) and (1-->3),(1-->4)-beta-glucans and ax in the endosperm cell walls of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. recital) during grain development was studied using specific antibodies. at approxima ...	2006	16404577
alpha-gliadin genes from the a, b, and d genomes of wheat contain different sets of celiac disease epitopes.	bread wheat (triticum aestivum) is an important staple food. however, wheat gluten proteins cause celiac disease (cd) in 0.5 to 1% of the general population. among these proteins, the alpha-gliadins contain several peptides that are associated to the disease.	2006	16403227
mixed-model qtl mapping for kernel hardness and dough strength in bread wheat.	plant breeding data comprise unbalanced phenotypic data for inbreds with complex pedigrees. as traditional methods to map quantitative trait loci (qtl) cannot exploit plant breeding data, an alternative approach is qtl mapping via a mixed-model procedure. our objective was to validate mixed-model qtl mapping for self-pollinated crops by detecting qtl for kernel hardness and dough strength from data in a bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) breeding program. we studied 80 parental and 373 experimen ...	2006	16402188
alleviation of photoinhibition in drought-stressed wheat (triticum aestivum) by foliar-applied glycinebetaine.	effects of foliar application of 100 mmol/l glycinebetaine (gb) on ps ii photochemistry in wheat (triticum aestivum) flag leaves under drought stress combined with high irradiance were investigated. the results show that gb-treated plants maintained a higher net photosynthetic rate during drought stress than non-gb treated plants. exogenous gb can preserve the photochemical activity of psii, for gb-treated plants maintain higher maximal photochemistry efficiency of psii (f(v)/f(m)) and recover m ...	2006	16399007
comparative mapping of genes for glume colouration and pubescence in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	microsatellite markers were used to map the major genes bg (determining black glume colour), rg1 and rg3 (red glume), and a locus determining smokey-grey coloured glume to the distal ends of the short arms of the homoeologous group 1 chromosomes, proximally (or closely linked) to xgwm1223 and distal to xgwm0033. on this basis, we propose that these genes represent a set of homoeoloci, designated rg-a1, rg-b1, and rg-d1. rg3 and bg appear to be variant alleles of rg-a1. both rg3 and bg are closel ...	2006	16874490
[identification of efficient leaf-rust resistance genes in wheat (triticum aestivum) using sts markers].	molecular sts markers j13, gb, and j09 were used for screening wheat (triticum aestivum l.) accessions previously found to possess leaf-rust resistance genes according to test crosses or phytopathological tests. specific amplicons were detected in all accessions assumed to possess the lr9 gene, in nine of ten accessions with the conjectured lr19 gene, and in 13 of 29 accessions with the conjectured lr24 gene. application of sts markers to identification of accessions possessing efficient leaf-ru ...	2006	16871786
[production of wheat-rye substitution lines and identification of chromosome composition of karyotypes using c-banding, gish, and ssr markers].	based on the cross (triticum aestivum l. x secale cereale l.) x t. aestivum l., wheat-rye substitution lines (2n = 42) were produced with karyotypes containing, instead of a pair of homologous wheat chromosomes, a homeologous pair of rye chromosomes. the chromosome composition of these lines was described by gish and c-banding methods, and ssr analysis. the results of genomic in situ hybridization demonstrated that karyotype of these lines included one pair of rye chromosomes each and lacked whe ...	2006	16871784
[snp markers: methods of analysis, ways of development, and comparison on an example of common wheat].	snps (single nucleotide polymorphisms), which belong to the last-generation molecular markers, occur at high frequencies in both animal and plant genomes. the development of snp markers allows to automatize and enhance tenfolds the effectiveness of genotype analysis. this review summarizes literature data on methods of snp polymorphism analysis. various methods of developing snp markers are considered, taking common wheat triticum aestivum l. as an example. these markers are compared to other dn ...	2006	16871776
abscisic acid and ethylene interact in wheat grains in response to soil drying during grain filling.	grain filling is an intensive transportation process regulated by soil drying and plant hormones. this study investigated how the interaction between abscisic acid (aba) and ethylene is involved in mediating the effects of soil drying on grain filling in wheat (triticum aestivum). two wheat cultivars, cv. yangmai 6 and cv. yangmai 11, were field-grown, and three irrigation treatments, well-watered, moderately soil-dried (md) and severely soil-dried (sd), were imposed from 9 d post anthesis until ...	2006	16866937
cloning and molecular characterization of three novel lmw-i glutenin subunit genes from cultivated einkorn (triticum monococcum l.).	three novel low molecular weight (lmw) glutenin subunits from cultivated einkorn (triticum monococcum l., a(m)a(m), 2n = 2x = 14) were characterized by sds-page and molecular weights determined by maldi-tof-ms. their coding genes were amplified and cloned with designed as-pcr primers, revealing three complete gene sequences. all comprised upstream, open reading frame (orf), downstream and no introns were present. the deduced amino acid sequences showed that all three genes, named as lmw-m1, lmw- ...	2006	16775696
attempts to induce homoeologous pairing between wheat and agropyron cristatum genomes.	agropyron cristatum (2n = 4x = 28, pppp) possesses potentially valuable traits that could be used in wheat (triticum aestivum) improvement through interspecific hybridization. homoeologous pairing between wheat chromosomes and p chromosomes added to wheat in a set of wheat - a. cristatum addition lines was assessed. first, the ph-suppressing effect of p chromosomes (except 7p) was analyzed. it was concluded that this system is polygenic with no major gene, and consequently, has no prospect in th ...	2006	16498469
selective disruption of wheat secondary metabolism by herbicide safeners.	in wheat (triticum aestivum l.), treatment with herbicide safeners enhances the expression of enzymes involved in pesticide detoxification and reduces crop sensitivity to herbicides. since these same enzymes are involved in plant secondary metabolism, it was of interest to determine whether or not the safener cloquintocet mexyl perturbed phenolic metabolism in wheat seedlings. lc/esi/ms analysis identified 14 phenolic substrates in the shoots of young wheat plants. fragmentation imposed by colli ...	2006	16494903
quantification of genetic relationships among a genomes of wheats.	the genetic relationships of a genomes of triticum urartu (au) and triticum monococcum (am) in polyploid wheats are explored and quantified by aflp fingerprinting. forty-one accessions of a-genome diploid wheats, 3 of ag-genome wheats, 19 of ab-genome wheats, 15 of abd-genome wheats, and 1 of the d-genome donor ae. tauschii have been analysed. based on 7 aflp primer combinations, 423 bands were identified as potentially a genome specific. the bands were reduced to 239 by eliminating those presen ...	2006	16699549
characterization of chromosome-specific s-sap markers and their use in studying genetic diversity in aegilops species.	the short interspersed nuclear element (sine), au, was used to develop sequence-specific amplified polymorphism (s-sap) markers for u- and m-genome chromosomes. the markers were localized using triticum aestivum (wheat)-- aegilops geniculata and wheat-- aegilops biuncialis disomic chromosome addition lines. thirty-seven markers distributed over 6 u and 6 m chromosomes were produced. a genetic diversity study carried out on 37 accessions from ae. biuncialis, ae. comosa, ae. geniculata, and ae. um ...	2006	16699548
wild sex in the grasses.	to date, alien introgression of agronomically important traits into bread wheat (triticum aestivum) from wild relatives has not been readily achievable through traditional breeding practices. however, this door might now be unlocked. the insightful research published recently by graham moore and his team delivers a likely candidate in the form of a cdc2-kinase-related gene family for the ph1 locus--a chromatin region located on chromosome 5b that is responsible for homologous chromosome pairing ...	2006	16697246
hydrolysed wheat proteins present in cosmetics can induce immediate hypersensitivities.	cosmetics containing hydrolysed wheat proteins (hwp) can induce rare but severe allergic reactions. 9 patients, all females without common wheat allergy, but with contact urticaria to such cosmetics, were studied. 6 of them also experienced generalized urticaria or anaphylaxis to foods containing hwp. all patients had low to moderate levels of immunoglobulin (ig)e specific of wheat flour (f4) or gluten (f79). their sensitivity to hwp and their tolerance to unmodified wheat proteins extracted fro ...	2006	16689814
[intraspecific differences in physiological responses of different wheat cultivars to enhanced uv-b radiation].	in this paper, field studies were conducted to determine the potential of alterations in physiology, and the intraspecific differences in sensitivity of 10 wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivars to enhanced uv-b radiation. the supplemental uv-b radiation was 5.00 kj x m(-2), simulating a depletion of 20% stratospheric ozone in kunming area. the results showed that six of 10 tested wheat cultivars showed significant changes in total chlorophyll content, among which, chlorophyll a was strongly reduce ...	2006	16689255
fractionation mechanisms of rare earth elements (rees) in hydroponic wheat: an application for metal accumulation by plants.	fractionations of rare earth elements (rees) in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) were observed through application of exogenous mixed rees under hydroponic conditions. middle ree (mree), light ree (lree), and heavy ree (hree) enrichments were found in roots, stems, and leaves, respectively, accompanied by the tetrad effect (an effect that can cause a split of ree patterns into four consecutive segments) in these organs. investigations into ree speciation in roots and in the xylem sap with x-ray abso ...	2006	16683609
distribution of g-actin is related to root hair growth of wheat.	actin distribution in root hair tips is a controversial topic. although the relationship between ca2+ gradient and actin dynamics in plant tip-growth has been a focus of study, there is still little direct evidence on the exact relationship in root hair tip-growth.	2006	16675602
the genotoxic effects of logran on hordeum vulgare l. and triticum aestivum l.	in the present study, the cytogenetic effects of the herbicide logran on root tip cells of triticurn aestivum l. and hordeum vulgare l. and changes of total protein content in root tip meristems were studied. the seeds of plants were treated with various concentrations of logran (125, 250, 500 microg/ml) for 3 and 6 h. the percentages of abnormal cells were seen to increase with increasing treatment period and concentrations. the most dominant types of observed abnormalities were c-mitosis, dist ...	2006	16646526
a chemical extraction method for mimicking bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to wheat grown in soils containing various amounts of organic matter.	in this study, we have evaluated the extent to which organic matter contents in soils influence the accumulation of pahs by the roots of wheat plants and have developed a rapid chemical method for determining the bioavailability of pah. four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs), naphthalene, acenaphthylene, fluorene, and phenanthrene, were added to natural soil samples with different amounts of organic matterfor pot experiments to evaluate apparent bioavailability of pahs to wheat roots (trit ...	2006	16646456
high-resolution radiation hybrid map of wheat chromosome 1d.	physical mapping methods that do not rely on meiotic recombination are necessary for complex polyploid genomes such as wheat (triticum aestivum l.). this need is due to the uneven distribution of recombination and significant variation in genetic to physical distance ratios. one method that has proven valuable in a number of nonplant and plant systems is radiation hybrid (rh) mapping. this work presents, for the first time, a high-resolution radiation hybrid map of wheat chromosome 1d (d genome) ...	2006	16624903
[effects of sodium nitroprusside on mitochondrial function of rye and wheat root tip under aluminum stress].	sodium nitroprusside (snp) could ameliorate the inhibition effect of al on root growth of rye (secale cereale l. cv. king) and wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. jinmai47). respiratory rate, p/o, opr (oxygenated phosphate rate), r(3) (oxygen consumption rate with adp and substrate present), r(4) (oxygen consumption rate with substrate) and rcr (respiratory control ratio, r(3)/r(4)) of root tips from rye and wheat decreased, as well as the activities of h(+)-atpase, h(+)-ppase, na(+)-k(+)-atpase, ca ...	2006	16622325
alkylresorcinol content and homologue composition in durum wheat (triticum durum) kernels and pasta products.	the total alkylresorcinol (ar) content and relative homologue composition of 21 durum wheat (triticum durum) kernel samples, as well as 5 pasta products and the corresponding flour mixtures, were determined. durum wheat contained on average 455 microg/g ars, and the average relative homologue composition was c17:0 (0.4%), c19:0 (14%), c21:0 (58%), c23:0 (21%), and c25:0 (6.5%). the homologue composition was found to be relatively consistent among samples, with durum wheat being different from co ...	2006	16608224
[pcr-rflp analysis on roegneria, elymus, hystrix and kengyilia in triticeae (poaceae)].	pcr-rflp of plasmon on 23 species of roegneria, elymus, hystrix and kengyilia and 1 outgroup (triticum aestivum l.) was carried out. the segments amplified with 3 cpdna and 3 mtdna universal primers were digested by 15 restriction endonucleases. among 329 bands produced, 304 were polymorphic (92.4%). pcr-rflp results showed that polymorphisms existed between the four genera and between the species in roegneria, elymus, hystrix and kengyilia, and genetic similarity coefficient was high. roegneria ...	2006	16606599
[cytogenetic analysis of alloplasmic recombinant lines (h. vulgare)-t. aestivum with unstable fertility and viability].	comparative cytogenetic analysis was performed with four alloplasmic recombinant (hordeum vulgare)-triticum aestivum lines differing in morphological traits, number of seeds per spike, and seed plumpness. none of the lines displayed introgression of the barley genetic material: the karyotypes included only common wheat chromosomes. two lines, 79(b) and 79(d), were cytogenetically stable. plants of lines 79(a) and 79(c) displayed a high frequency of unbalanced chromosome aberrations, including di ...	2006	16583704
single nucleotide polymorphism, genetic mapping, and expression of genes coding for the dof wheat prolamin-box binding factor.	wheat prolamin-box binding factor (wpbf) was shown to be an activator of triticum aestivum l. storage protein genes. three homoeologous genes encoding this transcription factor were isolated from a bacterial artificial chromosome genomic library and sequenced. the genes all have two exons separated by an intron of approximately 1,000 bp where the second exon contains the entire coding sequence. many differences were found between homoeologous sequences, but none of them is predicted to significa ...	2006	16568337
screening and applying wheat microsatellite markers to trace individual haynaldia villosa chromosomes.	wheat (triticum aestivum l.) microsatellite markers were screened for detecting haynaldia villosa l. chromosomes introduced into wheat background. two hundred and seventy six primer pairs mapped on 7 homeologous groups of wheat were used to amplify the gdna of t. aestivum and h. villosa. the results showed that 148 of 276 microsatellite primers amplified polymorphic bands between common wheat cv. chinese spring and h. villosa. primers wmc49 (1bs), wmc25 (2bs), gdm36 (3ds), gdm145 (4al), wmc233 ( ...	2006	16553212
relationship between osmotic stress and polyamines conjugated to the deoxyribonucleic acid-protein in wheat seedling roots.	the contents of covalently conjugated polyamines (cc-pas) and noncovalently conjugated polyamines (ncc-pas) to deoxyribonucleic acid-protein (dnp) isolated from wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedling roots under osmotic stress were detected. results showed thatafter osmotic stress treatment for 7 d, the levels in ncc-spermine (ncc-spm) and ncc-spermidine (ncc-spd) of drought-tolerant yumai no. 18 cv. increased more markedly than that of drought-sensitive yangmai no. 9 cv., while the ncc-putrescin ...	2006	16544571