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a metabolomics study reveals enhanced inhibition and metabolic dysregulation in e. coli induced by lactobacillus acidophilus fermented black tea extract.this study examined the ability of lactobacillus acidophilus (la) to ferment black tea extract (bte), and the enhancement of escherichia coli cellular uptake of phenolic compounds when this bacteria was incubated with fermented bte. the inhibitory effects of bte to e. coli bacteria, with and w/o fermentation, were compared. several intracellular phenolic compounds, as well as metabolic profiles of e. coli with and w/o treatments, were also determined using a hplc-ms/ms-based approach. our result ...201829345909
molecular evidence for catechin synthesis and accumulation in tea buds (camellia sinensis).early spring buds of the camellia sinensis variety shuchazao were separated into two parts, including the shoot tip (st) and non-expanded young leaves (yl), in which the synthesis and accumulation of catechins in the two parts were assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc), p-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (dmaca) staining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qrt-pcr), and in situ hybridization. hplc showed that (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (egcg) and (-)-epicatechin ...201829227650
phytochemicals, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and methylglyoxal trapping properties of zijuan tea.zijuan tea (camellia sinensis var. assamica) is a unique anthocyanin-rich tea cultivar in china. although chemical component analysis of zijuan tea and extraction technology of anthocyanins was widely documented, its functional properties have not been extensively explored. in this study, the anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and methylglyoxal (mgo) trapping activities of water extract (zwe) and ethyl acetate extract (zee) of zijuan tea were investigated for the 1st time. results showed that ...201829337349
epigallocatechin gallate from green tea exhibits potent anticancer effects in a-549 non-small lung cancer cells by inducing apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and inhibition of cell migration.green tea (camellia sinensis) is considered as a rich source of epigallocatechin gallate (egcg) which has been shown to exert impressive pharmacological properties. the anticancer properties of egcg have been extensively studied however, its anticancer activity has not been explored in lung cancer. the present study was therefore designed to evaluate the anticancer effects of egcg against non-small cell lung cancer (nsclc) cell line a-549 and normal human fibroblast fr-2 cells.201829332333
isolation and characterization of key genes that promote flavonoid accumulation in purple-leaf tea (camellia sinensis l.).there were several high concentrations of flavonoid components in tea leaves that present health benefits. a novel purple-leaf tea variety, 'mooma1', was obtained from the natural hybrid population of longjing 43 variety. the buds and young leaves of 'mooma1' were displayed in bright red. hplc and lc-ms analysis showed that anthocyanins and o-glycosylated flavonols were remarkably accumulated in the leaves of 'mooma1', while the total amount of catechins in purple-leaf leaves was slightly decrea ...201829317677
black tea aroma inhibited increase of salivary chromogranin-a after arithmetic tasks.growing attention has been paid to the effects of food flavor components on alleviating negative brain functions caused by stressful lifestyles. in this study, we investigated the alleviating effect of two kinds of black tea aromas on physical and psychological stress induced by the uchida-kraepelin test, based on salivary chromogranin-a (cga) levels as a stress marker and subjective evaluations (profile of mood states).201829361988
the modulatory effect of polyphenols from green tea, oolong tea and black tea on human intestinal microbiota in vitro.in the present study, polyphenols from green tea (gtp), oolong tea (otp) and black tea (btp) were prepared by extraction with hot water and polyamide column chromatography. in antioxidant assay in vitro, each tea polyphenols exhibited potential activity; the intestinal absorption of gtp, otp and btp was investigated individually by caco-2 transwell system, and each sample was poorly transported, illustrating a low transport rate for tea polyphenols through cell monolayers. the effects of gtp, ot ...201829358833
a blend of extracts from houttuynia cordata, nelumbo nucifera, and camellia sinensis protects against ethanol-induced liver damage in c57bl/6 mice.the protective activity of a mixture of aqueous and ethanolic extracts from houttuynia cordata thunb, nelumbo nucifera g. leaves, and camellia sinensis seed (hnc) was evaluated in c57bl/6 mice. pretreatment with hnc prevented the elevation of serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase caused by ethanol-induced hepatic damage. the hnc-treated mice showed significantly lower triglyceride levels, reduced cyp2e1 activity, and increased antioxidant enzyme activities and lipogenic m ...201829356593
theaflavin-3,3'-digallate enhances the inhibitory effect of cisplatin by regulating the copper transporter 1 and glutathione in human ovarian cancer cells.ovarian cancer has the highest fatality rate among the gynecologic cancers. the side effects, high relapse rate, and drug resistance lead to low long-term survival rate (less than 40%) of patients with advanced ovarian cancer. theaflavin-3,3'-digallate (tf3), a black tea polyphenol, showed less cytotoxicity to normal ovarian cells than ovarian cancer cells. we aimed to investigate whether tf3 could potentiate the inhibitory effect of cisplatin against human ovarian cancer cell lines. in the pres ...201829301278
naphthoquinone metabolites produced by monacrosporium ambrosium, the ectosymbiotic fungus of tea shot-hole borer, euwallacea fornicatus, in stems of tea, camellia sinensis.the tea shot-hole borer beetle (tshb, euwallacea fornicatus) causes serious damage in plantations of tea, camellia sinensis var. assamica, in sri lanka and south india. tshb is found in symbiotic association with the ambrosia fungus, monacrosporium ambrosium (syn. fusarium ambrosium), in galleries located within stems of tea bushes. m. ambrosium is known to be the sole food source of tshb. six naphthoquinones produced during spore germination in a laboratory culture broth of m. ambrosium were is ...201829292470
an emerging strategy for evaluating the grades of keemun black tea by combinatory liquid chromatography-orbitrap mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics and inhibition effects on α-glucosidase and α-amylase.quantitative analysis and untargeted liquid chromatography mass spectrum (lc-ms) based metabolomics of different grades of keemun black tea (kbt) were conducted. quantitative analysis did not show tight correlation between tea grades and contents of polyphenols, but untargeted metabolomics analysis revealed that high-grades kbt were distinguished from the low-grades. s-plot and variable importance (vip) analysis gave 28 marker compounds responsible for the discrimination of different grades of k ...201829291881
simplified recovery of enzymes and nutrients in sweet potato wastewater and preparing health black tea and theaflavins with scrap tea.the industry discards generous organic wastewater in sweet potato starch factory and scrap tea in tea production. a simplified procedure to recover all biochemicals from the wastewater of sweet potato starch factory and use them to make health black tea and theaflavins from scrap green tea was developed. the sweet potato wastewater was sequentially treated by isoelectric precipitation, ultrafiltration and nanofiltration to recover polyphenol oxidase (ppo), β-amylase, and small molecular fraction ...201829287451
antioxidative flavan-3-ol dimers from the leaves of camellia fangchengensis.camellia fangchengensis liang et zhong, belonging to the genus camellia sect. thea (theaceae), is an endemic tea species to the south and southwest areas of guangxi province, people's republic of china. known as a wild tea plant, the leaves have been used for producing green tea or black tea by the local people of its growing area. hplc and lc-ms analysis showed the leaves contain oligomeric catechins as major phenolic components. further detailed phytochemical study led to the identification of ...201829232949
molecular understanding of epigallocatechin gallate (egcg) in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.the compound epigallocatechin-3-gallate (egcg), the major polyphenolic compound present in green tea [camellia sinensis (theaceae], has shown numerous cardiovascular health promoting activity through modulating various pathways. however, molecular understanding of the cardiovascular protective role of egcg has not been reported.201828864169
the enhanced inhibition of water extract of black tea under baking treatment on α-amylase and α-glucosidase.this paper studied the inhibition of water extract of natural or baked black tea on the activity of α-amylase and α- glucosidase. baking treatment was found to be one effective way to enhance the inhibition of black tea on both α-amylase and α- glucosidase, and ic50 of water extract of baked black tea (bbtwe) were 1.213mg/ml and 4.190mg/ml, respectively, while ic50 of water extract of black tea (btwe) were 1.723mg/ml and 6.056mg/ml, respectively. this study further studied the mechanism of the e ...201828863898
evolutionary and functional characterization of leucoanthocyanidin reductases from camellia sinensis.lars promoted the biosynthesis of catechin monomers and inhibited their polymerization. the accumulation of catechin monomers and polymers was increased by up-regulating the expression of ntlar and ntanr s in csmyb5b transgenic tobacco. tea is rich in polyphenolic compounds, and catechins are the major polyphenols in tea. the biosynthesis of polyphenols is closely related to the expression of the leucoanthocyanidin reductase (lar) and anthocyanidin reductase (anr) genes. in this paper, an evolut ...201828887677
implementation of cslis/nes in linalool biosynthesis involves transcript splicing regulation in camellia sinensis.volatile terpenoids produced in tea plants (camellia sinensis) are airborne signals interacting against other ecosystem members, but also pleasant odorants of tea products. transcription regulation (including transcript processing) is pivotal for plant volatile terpenoid production. in this study, a terpene synthase gene cslis/nes was recovered from tea plants (c. sinensis cv. "long-men xiang"). cslis/nes transcription regulation resulted in 2 splicing forms: cslis/nes-1 and cslis/nes-2 lacking ...201828963730
the contribution of cell wall composition in the expansion of camellia sinensis seedlings roots in response to aluminum.treatment with aluminum triggers a unique response in tea seedlings resulting in biochemical modification of the cell wall, regulation of the activity of the loosening agents, and elongation of root. unlike most terrestrial plants, tea (camellia sinensis l.) responds to aluminum (al) through the promotion of its root elongation; but the real mechanism(s) behind this phenomenon is not well understood. a plausible relationship between the modifications of the cell wall and the promotion of root el ...201829022073
antibacterial activity of polyphenolic fraction of kombucha against vibrio cholerae: targeting cell membrane.the present study was undertaken to determine the mechanism of antibacterial activity of a polyphenolic fraction, composed of mainly catechin and isorhamnetin, previously isolated from kombucha, a 14-day fermented beverage of sugared black tea, against the enteropathogen vibrio cholerae n16961. bacterial growth was found to be seriously impaired by the polyphenolic fraction in a dose-dependent manner. scanning electron microscopy demonstrated morphological alterations in bacterial cells when exp ...201829193174
accumulating pathways of γ-aminobutyric acid during anaerobic and aerobic sequential incubations in fresh tea leaves.the roles of the γ-aminobutyric acid (gaba) shunt and polyamine (pa) degradation pathway on gaba accumulation were investigated in fresh tea leaves under anaerobic and aerobic sequential incubations. the gaba accumulation was mainly completed in the first anaerobic incubation through the interaction of the gaba shunt with the pa degradation pathway. when treated with aminoguanidine, the diamine oxidase and polyamine oxidase activities were almost completely inhibited, and the gaba contents decre ...201828946226
transfer of ochratoxin a from raw black tea to tea infusions prepared according to the turkish tradition.ochratoxin a (ota) is a natural contaminant of food including tea with multiple toxic effects, which poses a threat to human health. in terms of lifestyle, the turkish population is a frequent visitor of tearooms, and the traditional turkish tea preparation is one of the most popular ways of preparing tea infusion.201828580652
metabolomic analysis reveals the composition differences in 13 chinese tea cultivars of different manufacturing suitabilities.green tea and black tea are manufactured using appropriate tea cultivars in china. however, the metabolite differences relating to the manufacturing suitability of tea cultivars are unclear. in the present study, we performed a non-targeted metabolomic analysis on 13 chinese tea cultivars using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry to investigate comprehensively the metabolite differences between cultivars suitable for manufacturing ...201828734044
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