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synergistic interface behavior of strontium adsorption using mixed microorganisms.the proper handling of low-level radioactive waste is crucial to promote the sustainable development of nuclear power. research into the mechanism for interactions between bacterium and radionuclides is the starting point for achieving successful remediation of radionuclides with microorganisms. using sr(ii) as a simulation radionuclide and the mixed microorganisms of saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus subtilis as the biological adsorbent, this study investigates behavior at the interface bet ...201728799041
an in vivo high-throughput screening for riboswitch ligands using a reverse reporter gene system.riboswitches are bacterial rna elements that regulate gene expression in response to metabolite or ion abundance and are considered as potential drug targets. in recent years a number of methods to find non-natural riboswitch ligands have been described. here we report a high-throughput in vivo screening system that allows identifying off-riboswitch modulators in a 384 well bioluminescence assay format. we use a reverse reporter gene setup in bacillus subtilis, consisting of a primary screening ...201728798404
excellent biofouling alleviation of thermoexfoliated vermiculite blended poly(ether sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane.flux and antifouling properties of mixed matrix membranes (mmms) are yet to attain satisfactory status. the objective of this study is to find a method for mitigating the biofouling of poly(ether sulfone) (pes) ultrafiltration membranes via blending of thermoexfoliated vermiculite (vmt). flow cytometry analysis shows that the behaviors of bacillus subtilis 168 as a gram-positive bacterium and escherichia coli dh5 alpha as a gram-negative bacterium were different. hence, cell property is a suspec ...201728796491
defensin-neurotoxin dyad in a basally-branching metazoan sea anemone.recent studies suggest that vertebrate and invertebrate defensins have evolved from two independent ancestors, and that both defensins could share origins with animal toxins. here, we purified novel sea anemone neurotoxin (bds)-like antimicrobial peptides (amps)-crassicorin-i and its putative homolog (crassicorin-ii)-from the pharynx extract of an anthozoan sea anemone (urticina crassicornis). based on structural analyses and cdna cloning, mature crassicorin-i represents a cationic amp likely ge ...201728796463
in vitro antimicrobial activities and mechanism of 1-octen-3-ol against food-related bacteria and pathogenic fungi.1-octen-3-ol, known as mushroom alcohol, is a natural product extracted from fungi and plants. its antimicrobial activities against five common food-related bacteria and two pathogenic fungi were evaluated in this paper, including staphylococcus aureus, bacillus subtilis, staphylococcus epidermidis, escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, fusarium tricinctum and fusarium oxysporum. the results showed that 1-octen-3-ol had a strong antibacterial activity against the tested bacteria, especially ...201728794307
functional redundancy of division specific penicillin-binding proteins in bacillus subtilis.bacterial cell division involves the dynamic assembly of a diverse set of proteins that coordinate the invagination of the cell membrane and synthesis of cell wall material to create the new cell poles of the separated daughter cells. penicillin-binding protein pbp 2b is a key cell division protein in bacillus subtilis proposed to have a specific catalytic role in septal wall synthesis. unexpectedly, we find that a catalytically inactive mutant of pbp 2b supports cell division, but in this backg ...201728792086
attenuation of neurobehavioral and neurochemical abnormalities in animal model of cognitive deficits of alzheimer's disease by fermented soybean nanonutraceutical.the present study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of nanonutraceuticals (nn) for attenuation of neurobehavioral and neurochemical abnormalities in alzheimer's disease. solid-state fermentation of soybean with bacillus subtilis was performed to produce different metabolites (nattokinase, daidzin, genistin and glycitin and menaquinone-7). intoxication of rats with colchicine caused impairment in learning and memory which was demonstrated in neurobehavioral paradigms (morris water maze and p ...201728791538
carbonyl reduction by ymfi in bacillus subtilis prevents accumulation of an inhibitory ef-p modification state.translation elongation factor p (ef-p) in bacillus subtilis is required for a form of surface migration called swarming motility. furthermore, b. subtilis ef-p is post-translationally modified with a 5-aminopentanol group but the pathway necessary for the synthesis and ligation of the modification is unknown. here we determine that the protein ymfi catalyzes the reduction of ef-p-5 aminopentanone to ef-p-5 aminopentanol. in the absence of ymfi, accumulation of 5-aminopentanonated ef-p is inhibit ...201728787546
plant growth promoting rhizobacteria enhances wheat salt and drought stress tolerance by altering endogenous phytohormone levels and tactr1/tadreb2 expression.abiotic stresses such as salt and drought represent adverse environmental conditions that significantly damage plant growth and agricultural productivity. in this study, the mechanism of the plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) stimulated tolerance against abiotic stresses has been explored. results suggest that pgpr strains, arthrobacter protophormiae (sa3) and dietzia natronolimnaea (str1) can facilitate wheat crop in tolerating salt stress while bacillus subtilis (ldr2) can provide tol ...201728786221
saccharopolyspora hattusasensis sp. nov., isolated from soil.a saccharopolyspora strain, designated cr3506(t), isolated from a soil sample collected from sungurlu, corum, turkey, was examinated using a polyphasic approach. phylogenetic analysis based on an almost-complete 16s rrna gene sequence analysis showed that the strain is closely related to the type strains of saccharopolyspora spinosa nrrl 18395(t) (99.1%), saccharopolyspora phatthalungensis nrrl b-24798(t) (98.4%) and saccharopolyspora shandongensis 88(t) (98.1%); low levels of dna-dna relatednes ...201728785826
near-atomic resolution cryoelectron microscopy structure of the 30-fold homooligomeric spoiiiag channel essential to spore formation in bacillus subtilis.bacterial sporulation allows starving cells to differentiate into metabolically dormant spores that can survive extreme conditions. following asymmetric division, the mother cell engulfs the forespore, surrounding it with two bilayer membranes. during the engulfment process, an essential channel, the so-called feeding tube apparatus, is thought to cross both membranes to create a direct conduit between the mother cell and the forespore. at least nine proteins are required to create this channel, ...201728784753
proteomic analysis of food borne pathogens following the mode of action of the disinfectants based on pyridoxal oxime derivatives.a comprehensive proteomic analysis of food borne pathogens after treatment with disinfectants based on ammonium salts of pyridinium oxime was performed. changes in proteomes of the gram-positive bacterium bacillus subtilis and the gram-negative one, escherichia coli, were evaluated. up and down-regulated proteins in these bacteria after growth under the inhibition with four different disinfectants based on chloride and bromide salts of pyridinium oxime were identified and their cellular localiza ...201728784517
the role of functional amyloids in multicellular growth and development of gram-positive bacteria.amyloid fibrils play pivotal roles in all domains of life. in bacteria, these fibrillar structures are often part of an extracellular matrix that surrounds the producing organism and thereby provides protection to harsh environmental conditions. here, we discuss the role of amyloid fibrils in the two distant gram-positive bacteria, streptomyces coelicolor and bacillus subtilis. we describe how amyloid fibrils contribute to a multitude of developmental processes in each of these systems, includin ...201728783117
c-di-amp: an essential molecule in the signaling pathways that regulate the viability and virulence of gram-positive bacteria.signal transduction pathways enable organisms to monitor their external environment and adjust gene regulation to appropriately modify their cellular processes. second messenger nucleotides including cyclic adenosine monophosphate (c-amp), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (c-gmp), cyclic di-guanosine monophosphate (c-di-gmp), and cyclic di-adenosine monophosphate (c-di-amp) play key roles in many signal transduction pathways used by prokaryotes and/or eukaryotes. among the various second messenger ...201728783096
contributions of 5'-utr and 3'-utr cis elements to cyt1aa synthesis in bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis.the biopesticide used most effectively to control mosquito and blackfly vectors of human diseases worldwide is bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. the high efficacy of this bacterium is due to synergistic interactions among four protein entomotoxins assembled individually into a single parasporal body (pb) during sporulation. cyt1aa, the primary synergist, is the most abundant toxin, comprising approximately 55% of the pb's mass. the other proteins are cry11aa at ∼35%, and cry4aa and cry4 ...201728782510
physakengoses k-q, seven new sucrose esters from physalis alkekengi var. franchetii.seven sucrose esters, physakengoses k-q (1-7) were isolated from the aerial parts of physalis alkekengi var. franchetii. their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses and chemical methods. these new compounds were tested for their antimicrobial abilities against staphylococcus aureus, bacillus subtilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa and escherichia coli. among the isolated sucrose esters, compounds 1-5 showed potent antibacterial activity with mic values ranging from ...201728779658
unleashing natural competence in lactococcus lactis by induction of the competence regulator comx.in biotechnological work horses like streptococcus thermophilus and bacillus subtilis natural competence can be induced, which facilitates genetic manipulation of these microbes. however, in strains of the important dairy starter lactococcus lactis natural competence has not been established to date. however, in silico analysis of complete genome sequences of 43 l. lactis strains revealed complete late-competence gene-sets in 2 l. lactis subspecies cremoris strains (kw2 and kw10) and 8 l. lactis ...201728778888
production of a bioactive unnatural ginsenoside by metabolically engineered yeasts based on a new udp-glycosyltransferase from bacillus subtilis.ginsenosides are the main bioactive constituents of panax species, which are biosynthesized by glycosylation at c3-oh and/or c20-oh of protopanaxadiol (ppd), c6-oh and/or c20-oh of protopanaxatriol (ppt). the c12-glycosylated ginsenosides have scarcely been identified from panax species. the c12-glycosylated ginsenosides produced from ppd by chemical semi-synthesis have been reported to exhibit higher cytotoxicity than the natural ginsenosides. however, the chemical semi-synthesis approach is no ...201728778764
a multiscale material testing system for in situ optical and electron microscopes and its application.we report a novel material testing system (mts) that uses hierarchical designs for in-situ mechanical characterization of multiscale materials. this mts is adaptable for use in optical microscopes (oms) and scanning electron microscopes (sems). the system consists of a microscale material testing module (m-mtm) and a nanoscale material testing module (n-mtm). the mts can measure mechanical properties of materials with characteristic lengths ranging from millimeters to tens of nanometers, while l ...201728777341
draft genome sequences of bacillus subtilis strain dku_nt_01 isolated from traditional korean food containing soybean (chung-gook-jang).here, we report the whole-genome sequence of bacillus subtilis strain dku_nt_01 isolated from traditional korean food containing soybean (chung-gook-jang). the de novo genome of bacillus subtilis strain dku_nt_01 has one contig and g+c content of 55.4%, is 4,954,264 bp in length, and contains 5,011 coding sequences (cdss).201728774991
antimicrobial bamboo materials functionalized with zno and graphene oxide nanocomposites.bamboo materials with improved antibacterial performance based on zno and graphene oxide (go) were fabricated by vacuum impregnation and hydrothermal strategies. the zn2+ ions and go nanosheets were firstly infiltrated into the bamboo structure, followed by dehydration and crystallization upon hydrothermal treatment, leading to the formation of zno/go nanocomposites anchored in the bulk bamboo. the bamboo composites were characterized by several techniques including scanning electron microscopy ...201728772597
mechanism of biofilm-mediated stress resistance and lifespan extension in c. elegans.bacteria naturally form communities of cells known as biofilms. however the physiological roles of biofilms produced by non-pathogenic microbiota remain largely unknown. to assess the impact of a biofilm on host physiology we explored the effect of several non-pathogenic biofilm-forming bacteria on caenorhabditis elegans. we show that biofilm formation by bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus rhamnosus and pseudomonas fluorescens induces c. elegans stress resistance. biofilm also protects against pat ...201728769037
effect of volatile compounds produced by ralstonia solanacearum on plant growth promoting and systemic resistance inducing potential of bacillus volatiles.microbial volatiles play an expedient role in the agricultural ecological system by enhancing plant growth and inducing systemic resistance against plant pathogens, without causing hazardous effects on the environment. to explore the effects of vocs of ralstonia solanacearum tbbs1 (rs) on tobacco plant growth and on plant growth promoting efficiency of vocs produced by bacillus subtilis syst2, experiments were conducted both in vitro and in planta.201728768498
strepchazolins a and b: two new alkaloids from a marine streptomyces chartreusis na02069.two new alkaloids, strepchazolins a (1) and b (2), together with a previously reported compound, streptazolin (3), were isolated from a marine actinomycete, streptomyces chartreusis na02069, collected in the coast of hainan island, china. the structures of new compounds were determined by extensive nmr, mass spectroscopic and x-ray crystallographic analysis, as well as modified mosher's method. compound 1 showed weak anti-bacillus subtilis activity with the mic value of 64.0 μm, and weak inhibit ...201728767052
an assessment on the role of endophytic microbes in the therapeutic potential of fagonia indica.natural products of animals, plants and microbes are potential source of important chemical compounds, with diverse applications including therapeutics. endophytic bacteria that are especially associated with medicinal plants presents a reservoir of therapeutic compounds. fagonia indica has been recently investigated by numerous researchers because of its striking therapeutic potential especially in cancer. it is also reported that endophytes play a vital role in the biosynthesis of various meta ...201728764775
preparation, antioxidant and antimicrobial evaluation of hydroxamated degraded polysaccharides from enteromorpha prolifera.in order to improve the antioxidant and antimicrobial abilities, hydroxamated degraded polysaccharides from enteromorpha prolifera (hcdpe) were prepared from the corresponding carboxymethylated degraded polysaccharides (cdpe). hcdpe was characterized by ft-ir. the weight-average molecular weight of hcdpe was determined as 55.4kda. the in vitro antioxidant activity of hcdpe was evaluated by determining the radical (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (dpph), hydroxyl and superoxide anion radicals) scav ...201728764023
xylapeptide a, an antibacterial cyclopentapeptide with an uncommon l-pipecolinic acid moiety from the associated fungus xylaria sp. (gdg-102).two new cyclopentapeptides, xylapeptide a (1) with an uncommon l-pipecolinic acid moiety, and xylapeptide b (2) having a common l-proline residue were identified from an associated fungus xylaria sp. isolated from the chinese medicinal plant sophora tonkinensis. their planar structures were elucidated by a comprehensive analysis of nmr and ms spectroscopic spectra. the absolute configurations were determined by marfey's method and single-crystal x-ray diffraction (cu kα) analysis. xylapeptide a ...201728761094
stability of proteins out of service - the gapb case of bacillus subtilis.bacillus subtilis possesses two glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenases with opposite roles, the glycolytic nad-dependent gapa and the nadp-dependent gapb enzyme, which is exclusively required during gluconeogenesis but not active under conditions promoting glycolysis. we propose, that proteins no longer needed will be recognized and proteolyzed by clp proteases and thereby recycled. to test this postulation, we analyzed the stability of the glycolytic enzyme gapa and the gluconeogenetic enzym ...201728760849
sample preparation for membrane protein structural studies by solid-state nmr.conformational studies of membrane proteins remain a challenge in the field of structural biology, and in particular the investigation of the proteins in a native-like lipid environment. solid-state nmr presents a valuable opportunity for this, and we present here three critical steps in the solid-state nmr sample preparation, i.e., membrane reconstitution of the protein in native lipids, rotor filling, and sample quality assessment, at the example of the bacillus subtilis atp-binding cassette t ...201728755379
in vivo roles of fatty acid-biosynthetic enzymes in biosynthesis of biotin and α-lipoic acid in corynebacterium glutamicum.for fatty acid biosynthesis, corynebacterium glutamicum uses two type i fatty acid synthases (fas-i), fasa and fasb, in addition to acetyl-coa carboxylase (acc) consisting of accbc, accd1, and acce. the in vivo roles of the enzymes in supplying precursors for biotin and α-lipoic acid remain unclear. here, we report genetic evidence demonstrating that the biosynthesis of these cofactors is linked to fatty acid biosynthesis through the fas-i pathway. for this study, we used wild-type c. glutamicum ...201728754705
molecular investigation on the binding of cd(ii) by the binary mixtures of montmorillonite with two bacterial species.bacteria-phyllosilicate complexes are commonly found in natural environments and are capable of immobilizing trace metals. however, the molecular binding mechanisms of heavy metals to these complex aggregates still remain poorly understood. this study investigated cd adsorption on gram-positive bacillus subtilis, gram-negative pseudomonas putida and their binary mixtures with montmorillonite using surface complexation model, cd k-edge extended x-ray absorption fine structure (exafs) spectroscopy ...201728754562
effect of cultivation ph on the surface hydrophobicity of bacillus subtilis spores.bacillus subtilis spores are often used as biological indicators (bi) to monitor decontamination processes with gaseous hydrogen peroxide. results in practical inactivation validation tests, however, vary considerably with no available explanation so far. this study reports on the effect of cultivation ph on spore surface hydrophobicity. surface hydrophobicity is suspected to have an impact on the decontamination of technical surfaces such as packaging material when gaseous, condensing hydrogen ...201728754034
disinfection of various bacterial pathogens using novel silver nanoparticle-decorated magnetic hybrid colloids.silver nanoparticles (agnps) have long been considered a powerful disinfectant for controlling pathogenic microorganisms. however, agnps might have adverse effects on both human health and our ecosystems due to their potential cytotoxicity and the difficulty in recovering them after their release into the environment. in this study, we characterized the antimicrobial efficacy caused by a novel micrometer-sized magnetic hybrid colloid (mhc) containing 7, 15, or 30nm sized monodispersed agnps (agn ...201728753503
synthesis of the compatible solute proline by bacillus subtilis: point mutations rendering the osmotically controlled prohj promoter hyperactive.the proj and proh enzymes of bacillus subtilis catalyse together with proa (proj-proa-proh), osmostress-adaptive synthesis of the compatible solute proline. the proa-encoded gamma-glutamyl phosphate reductase is also used for anabolic proline synthesis (prob-proa-proi). transcription of the prohj operon is osmotically inducible whereas that of the proba operon is not. targeted and quantitative proteome analysis revealed that the amount of proa is not limiting for the interconnected anabolic and ...201728752945
genetic networks controlled by the bacterial replication initiator and transcription factor dnaa in bacillus subtilis.dnaa is the widely conserved bacterial aaa+ atpase that functions as both the replication initiator and a transcription factor. in many organisms, dnaa controls expression of its own gene and likely several others during growth and in response to replication stress. to evaluate the effects of dnaa on gene expression, separate from its role in replication initiation, we analyzed changes in mrna levels in bacillus subtilis cells with and without dnaa, using engineered strains in which dnaa is not ...201728752667
improved biosurfactant production by bacillus subtilis spb1 mutant obtained by random mutagenesis and its application in enhanced oil in a sand system.biosurfactants or microbial surfactants are surface-active biomolecules that are produced by a variety of microorganisms. biodegradability and low toxicity have led to the intensification of scientific studies on a wide range of industrial applications for biosurfactants in the field of the environmental bioremediation as well as the petroleum industry and the enhanced oil recovery. however, the major bottlenecks in biosurfactant production are yield increase and cost reduction. improving the bi ...201728750507
evidence for interactions between homocysteine and genistein: insights into stroke risk and potential treatment.elevated plasma homocysteine (2-amino-4-sulfanylbutanoic acid) level is a risk factor for stroke. moreover, it has been suggested that high levels of homocysteine in the acute phase of an ischemic stroke can predict mortality, especially in stroke patients with the large-vessel atherosclerosis subtype. in clinical studies, supplementation with genistein (5, 7-dihydroxy-3- (4-hydroxyphenyl)-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one) decreased plasma homocysteine levels considerably. therefore, genistein could be con ...201728748495
functional diversity of aaa+ protease complexes in bacillus subtilis.here, we review the diverse roles and functions of aaa+ protease complexes in protein homeostasis, control of stress response and cellular development pathways by regulatory and general proteolysis in the gram-positive model organism bacillus subtilis. we discuss in detail the intricate involvement of aaa+ protein complexes in controlling sporulation, the heat shock response and the role of adaptor proteins in these processes. the investigation of these protein complexes and their adaptor protei ...201728748186
biosurfactant as an enhancer of geologic carbon storage: microbial modification of interfacial tension and contact angle in carbon dioxide/water/quartz systems.injecting and storing of carbon dioxide (co2) in deep geologic formations is considered as one of the promising approaches for geologic carbon storage. microbial wettability alteration of injected co2 is expected to occur naturally by microorganisms indigenous to the geologic formation or microorganisms intentionally introduced to increase co2 storage capacity in the target reservoirs. the question as to the extent of microbial co2 wettability alteration under reservoir conditions still warrants ...201728744272
structure of chorismate mutase-like domain of dahps from bacillus subtilis complexed with novel inhibitor reveals conformational plasticity of active site.3-deoxy-d-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphate-synthase (dahps) is the first enzyme of the shikimate pathway and is responsible for the synthesis of aromatic amino acids in microorganisms. this pathway is an attractive target for antimicrobial drugs. in bacillus subtilis, the n-terminal domain of the bifunctional dahps enzyme belongs to an aroq class of chorismate mutase and is functionally homologous to the downstream aroh class chorismate mutase. this is the first structure of chorismate mutase, ...201728743924
development of inducer-free expression plasmids based on iptg-inducible promoters for bacillus subtilis.besides escherichia coli, bacillus subtilis is an important bacterial species for the production of recombinant proteins. recombinant genes are inserted into shuttle expression vectors which replicate in both e. coli and in b. subtilis. the ligation products are first transformed into e. coli cells, analyzed for correct insertions, and the correct recombinant plasmids are then transformed into b. subtilis. a major problem using e. coli cells can be the strong basal level of expression of the rec ...201728743271
the black soldier fly, hermetia illucens - a promising source for sustainable production of proteins, lipids and bioactive substances.the growing demand worldwide for proteins and lipids cannot be met by the intensive use of agricultural land currently available. insect mass cultures as a source for proteins and lipids have been in focus for various reasons. an insect with many positive properties is the black soldier fly, hermetia illucens, whose larvae could be used for the sustainable production of proteins and lipids. furthermore, the larvae produce bioactive substances which could potentially be used for human and animal ...201728742526
probiotic characteristics of lactobacillus curvatus dn317, a strain isolated from chicken ceca.the probiotic characteristics of lactobacillus curvatus dn317, a strain isolated from chicken ceca, were evaluated. this strain was selected for study from the isolated lactobacillus strains because it has specific anti-microbial activity against campylobacter jejuni atcc 33560, camp. jejuni nctc 11168, listeria monocytogenes atcc 7644, and bacillus subtilis atcc 8633. lact. curvatus dn317 showed an auto-aggregation percentage of 72% and presented the highest co-aggregation with lact. monocytoge ...201728741151
synthesis and antimicrobial activity of chiral quaternary n-spiro ammonium bromides with 3',4'-dihydro-1'h-spiro[isoindoline-2,2'-isoquinoline] skeleton.a new class of highly functionalized tetrahydroisoquinolines with a quaternary carbon stereocenter was synthesized starting from an easily accessible l-tartaric acid. nine strains of bacteria (staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus mutans, streptococcus salivarius, bacillus subtilis, enterococcus faecalis, moraxella catarrhalis, escherichia coli, campylobacter jejuni) were used for the determination of minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) and minimal bactericidal concentr ...201728740363
effects of growth rate and promoter activity on single-cell protein expression.protein expression in a single cell depends on its global physiological state. moreover, genetically-identical cells exhibit variability (noise) in protein expression, arising from the stochastic nature of biochemical processes, cell growth and division. while it is well understood how cellular growth rate influences mean protein expression, little is known about the relationship between growth rate and noise in protein expression. here we quantify this relationship in bacillus subtilis by a nov ...201728740089
a reactive eremophilane and its antibacterial 2(1h)-naphthalenone rearrangement product, witnesses of a microbial chemical warfare.two sesquiterpenes, 4-epi-microsphaeropsisin (1) and a dihydrofurano-2(1h)-naphthalenone (variabilone, 2) which represents a new skeleton, were isolated from endophytic fungus paraconiothyrium variabile. reactivity studies showed that eremophilane 1 is a precursor of 2 through acid-promoted methyl 1,2-migration and aromatization. an electrophilic intermediate of this transformation was intercepted by n-acetylcysteamine, a biomimetic nucleophile. only compound 2 was antibacterial against endophyt ...201728737947
construction of multilayer alginate hydrogel beads for oral delivery of probiotics cells.multilayer alginate hydrogel beads (mahbs), which were prepared by emulsion method, had been fabricated via the ionic crosslinking between calcium ion (ca(2+)) and carboxylic group of alginate and utilized as encapsulating material for oral delivery of a model probiotic bacteria bifidobacterium breve. optical and fluorescence microscopy obviously showed the microorganism cells were encapsulated in the core beads. the viability of b. breve cells encapsulated in mahbs was significantly enhanced co ...201728736041
study of the correlation between fengycin promoter expression and its production by bacillus subtilis under different culture conditions and the impact on surfactin production.this work aimed to rely expression of the fengycin promoter to fengycin production under different culture conditions. to this end, bacillus subtilis bbg208, derived from bbg21, which is a fengycin overproducing strain carrying the green fluorescent protein (gfp) under the control of fengycin promoter, was used to assess the effects of different carbon and nitrogen sources on surfactin and fengycin production and the fengycin promoter expression. the data showed that some carbon sources oriented ...201728735377
expiration date prediction of biocontrol agent prepared with bacillus subtilis b579 using the accelerated aging method.the expiration date of biopesticidal products is an essential feature of their use and storage. in the present work, the expiration date of biocontrol agent was predicted using the accelerated aging method. the available bacteria in bacillus subtilis b579 biocontrol agent were 3.7 ± 0.2 × 10(11) cfu/g. it is calculated that the expiration date of the agent was about 17 months at 25°c. during this period, the available bacteria retained more than 90% of the value in the initial product. thus, thi ...201728735330
insights into the functional properties of the marneral oxidase cyp71a16 from arabidopsis thaliana.the arabidopsis thaliana gene encoding cyp71a16 is part of the gene cluster for the biosynthesis and modification of the triterpenoid marneral. previous investigations of a. thaliana have revealed that cyp71a16 catalyzes marneral oxidation, while it also can accept marnerol as substrate. the aim of the present study was to investigate functional properties of cyp71a16 in vitro. for this purpose, heterologous expression of a n-terminally modified version of cyp71a16 was established in escherichia ...201728734978
discrimination of bacteria by rapid sensing their metabolic volatiles using an aspiration-type ion mobility spectrometer (a-ims) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry gc-ms.the objective of our study was to investigate whether one may quickly and reliably discriminate different microorganism strains by direct monitoring of the headspace atmosphere above their cultures. headspace samples above a series of in vitro bacterial cultures were directly interrogated using an aspiration type ion mobility spectrometer (a-ims), which produced distinct profiles ("fingerprints") of ion currents generated simultaneously by the detectors present inside the ion mobility cell. data ...201728734362
rewiring the glucose transportation and central metabolic pathways for overproduction of n-acetylglucosamine in bacillus subtilis.n-acetylglucosamine (glcnac) is an important amino sugar extensively used in the healthcare field. in a previous study, the recombinant bacillus subtilis strain bsgn6-pxyla -glms-pp43nmk-gna1 (bn0-gna1) had been constructed for microbial production of glcnac by pathway design and modular optimization. here, the production of glcnac is further improved by rewiring both the glucose transportation and central metabolic pathways. first, the phosphotransferase system (pts) is blocked by deletion of t ...201728731580
isolation and characterization of a novel gossypol-degrading bacteria bacillus subtilis strain rbs.an experiment was conducted to isolate gossypol-degrading bacteria and assessed its potential for gossypol degradation.201728728360
study on community structure of microbial consortium for the degradation of viscose fiber wastewater.enrichment culture was applied to obtain microbial consortium from activated sludge samples collected from biodegradation system, a chemical fiber plant in hebei province, china. bacterial composition and community dynamic variation were assessed employing denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis fingerprinting technology based on amplified 16s rrna genes in the entire process of enrichment culture for viscose fiber wastewater.201728748136
efficacy of radiant catalytic ionization to reduce bacterial populations in air and on different surfaces.air contamination by biological agents is often observed in medical or veterinary facilities and industrial plants. bioaerosols may sediment and pose the surface contamination. microorganisms present on them may become a source of infections among humans and food contamination. this study determined the use of oxidative gases, including ozone and peroxide, generated by the radiant catalytic ionization (rci) cell for the inactivation of acinetobacter baumannii, escherichia coli, enterococcus faec ...201728803189
antibiosis and bmyb gene presence as prevalent traits for the selection of efficient bacillus biocontrol agents against crown gall disease.this study aimed to improve the screening method for the selection of bacillus biocontrol agents against crown gall disease. the relationship between the strain biocontrol ability and their in vitro studied traits was investigated to identify the most important factors to be considered for the selection of effective biocontrol agents. in fact, previous selection procedure relying only on in vitro antibacterial activity was shown to be not suitable in some cases. a direct plant-protection strateg ...201728855909
antimicrobial properties of silver cations substituted to faujasite mineral.a goal of our study was to find an alternative to nano-silver-based antimicrobial materials which would contain active silver immobilized in a solid matrix that prevents its migration into the surrounding environment. in this study, we investigated whether silver cations dispersed in an atomic form and trapped in an ion-exchanged zeolite show comparable antimicrobial activity to silver nanoparticles (nps). the biocidal active material was prepared from the sodium form of faujasite type zeolite i ...201728846614
natural variations in the biofilm-associated protein bsla from the genus bacillus.bsla is a protein secreted by bacillus subtilis which forms a hydrophobic film that coats the biofilm surface and renders it water-repellent. we have characterised three orthologues of bsla from bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus pumilus as well as a paralogue from b. subtilis called ywea. we find that the three orthologous proteins can substitute for bsla in b. subtilis and confer a degree of protection, whereas ywea cannot. the degree to which the proteins function ...201728751732
in bacillus subtilis, the sata (formerly yyar) acetyltransferase detoxifies streptothricin via lysine acetylation.soil is a complex niche, where survival of microorganisms is at risk due to the presence of antimicrobial agents. many microbes chemically modify cytotoxic compounds to block their deleterious effects. streptothricin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by streptomycetes that affects gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria alike. here we identify the sata (for streptothricin acetyltransferase a, formerly yyar) enzyme of bacillus subtilis as the mechanism used by this soil bacterium to detoxi ...201728842538
levels of l-malate and other low molecular weight metabolites in spores of bacillus species and clostridium difficile.dormant spores of bacillus species lack atp and nadh and contain notable levels of only a few other common low mol wt energy reserves, including 3-phosphoglyceric acid (3pga), and glutamic acid. recently, bacillus subtilis spores were reported to contain ~ 30 μmol of l-malate/g dry wt, which also could serve as an energy reserve. in present work, l-malate levels were determined in the core of dormant spores of b. subtilis, bacillus cereus, bacillus megaterium and clostridium difficile, using bot ...201728850573
antimicrobial activity of endophytic bacterial populations isolated from medical plants of iran.endophytic actinobacteria colonize inside the plant tissues without causing damages to the host plant. since these microorganisms colonize in the different parts of plants and can stop plant disease, they have been applied as biological agents for controlling human diseases. the aim of this study was molecular identification and measuring the antimicrobial activity of endophytic actinomycetes isolated from medicinal plants of iran.201728775818
boosting isoprene production via heterologous expression of the kudzu isoprene synthase gene (kisps) into bacillus spp. cell factory.isoprene represents a key building block for the production of valuable materials such as latex, synthetic rubber or pharmaceutical precursors and serves as basis for advanced biofuel production. to enhance the production of the volatile natural hydrocarbon isoprene, released by plants, animals and bacteria, the kudzu isoprene synthase (kisps) gene has been heterologously expressed in bacillus subtilis dsm 402 and bacillus licheniformis dsm 13 using the pht01 vector. as control, the heterologous ...201728791618
probiotics and probiotic metabolic product improved intestinal function and ameliorated lps-induced injury in rats.in the present study, we sought to determine the effects of bacillus subtilis (bas) and bacillus licheniformis (bal) in rats after lipopolysaccharide (lps)-induced acute intestinal inflammation. we also determined whether the b. subtilis metabolic product (basm) is as effective as the live-cell probiotic. 60 male sd rats were randomly assigned to five groups and administered a diet containing 0.05% b. licheniformis (bal group), 0.05% b. subtilis (bas group), 0.5% b. subtilis metabolic product (b ...201728761979
engineering of versatile redox partner fusions that support monooxygenase activity of functionally diverse cytochrome p450s.most bacterial cytochrome p450 monooxygenases (p450s or cyps) require two redox partner proteins for activity. to reduce complexity of the redox chain, the bacillus subtilis flavodoxin ykun (y) was fused to the escherichia coli flavodoxin reductase fpr (r), and activity was tuned by placing flexible (ggggs)n or rigid ([e/l]pppp)n linkers (n = 1-5) in between. p-linker constructs typically outperformed their g-linker counterparts, with superior performance of yr-p5, which carries linker ([e/l]ppp ...201728852040
interspecies nutrient extraction and toxin delivery between bacteria.bacteria have developed various mechanisms by which they sense, interact, and kill other bacteria, in an attempt to outcompete one another and survive. here we show that bacillus subtilis can kill and prey on bacillus megaterium. we find that bacillus subtilis rapidly inhibits bacillus megaterium growth by delivering the trnase toxin wapa. furthermore, utilizing the methionine analogue l-azidohomoalanine as a nutrient reporter, we provide evidence of nutrient extraction from bacillus megaterium ...201728827522
molecular characterization and functional analysis of the hepcidin gene from roughskin sculpin (trachidermus fasciatus).hepcidin is a kind of cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptide that plays a vital role in host innate immune activity and iron regulation. here, we report the molecular characterization and functional analysis of a novel hamp1 hepcidin isoforms tf-hep from roughskin sculpin, trachidermus fasciatus. a cdna fragment of 988 bp with an orf of 273 bp was obtained. the coding sequence encodes for a signal peptide of 24 amino acids coupled with a prodomain of 40 amino acids and a mature peptide of 26 amino ...201728743631
display of b. pumilus chitinase on the surface of b. subtilis spore as a potential biopesticide.chitinases can inhibit the growth of many fungal diseases which are a great threat for global agricultural production. biological control of pathogens like fungi, is believed to be one of the best ways to eliminate the adverse effects of plant pathogens. to this end, we expressed and displayed a chitinase from bacillus pumilus (chis) on the surface of bacillus subtilis spores, as a biocontrol agent.201728755689
longterm storage of post-packaged bread by controlling spoilage pathogens using lactobacillus fermentum c14 isolated from homemade curd.one potent lactic acid bacterial strain c14 with strong antifungal activity was isolated from homemade curd. based on morphological as well as biochemical characters and 16s rdna sequence homology the strain was identified as lactobacillus fermentum. it displayed a wide antimicrobial spectrum against both gram-positive and gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, and also against number of food spoilage, plant and human pathogenic fungi. the cell free supernatant (cfs) of the strain c14 was also effec ...201728859156
enhancing antidiabetic and antimicrobial performance of ocimum basilicum, and ocimum sanctum (l.) using silver nanoparticles.the role of silver nanoparticles (agnps) is an attractive proposition for advancing modern diabetes therapies and applied science. stable agnps with a size range of 3-25 nm were synthesized using aqueous leaf extracts from ocimum basilicum, ocimum sanctum, and in combination. the concentration of the extracts facilitated the reduction of silver nitrate that led to the rapid formation of agnps at room temperature, indicating a higher reaction rate as opposed to harsh chemical methods, and high co ...201728855825
rgb color coded images in scanning electron microscopy of biological surfaces.we present here a methodological approach for the creation of color images in scanning electron microscopy by processing grayscale images taken simultaneously from at least three different detectors in a scanning electron microscope. the final color images are then produced by merging together those grayscale images in rgb color space. we show the images from non-conductive standard sample together with those obtained from real microbiological samples. the first one represents a microbial biofil ...201728854801
evaluations of insecticides and fungicides for reducing attack rates of a new invasive ambrosia beetle (euwallacea sp., coleoptera: curculionidae: scolytinae) in infested landscape trees in california.a recently discovered ambrosia beetle with the proposed common name of polyphagous shot hole borer (euwallacea sp., coleoptera: curculionidae: scolytinae), is reported to attack >200 host tree species in southern california, including many important native and urban landscape trees. this invasive beetle, along with its associated fungi, causes branch dieback and tree mortality in a large variety of tree species including sycamore (platanus racemosa nutt.). due to the severity of the impact of th ...201728854652
test methods for estimating the efficacy of the fast-acting disinfectant peracetic acid on surfaces of personal protective equipment.the work aimed at developing and evaluating practically relevant methods for testing of disinfectants on contaminated personal protective equipment (ppe).201728853204
three phase partitioning and spectroscopic characterization of bioactive constituent from halophilic bacillus subtilis emb m15.in the present study, a halophilic bacillus subtilis subsp. spizizenii (ncbi genbank accession number kx109607) was isolated from the sambhar salt lake, rajasthan india. this organism exhibited significance antibacterial and antifungal activity against proteus vulgaris, bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger, rhizopus oligosporus and penicillium chrysogenum respectively. the bioactive constituent responsible for it was extracted by three phase partitioning and purified by column chromatography. th ...201728478895
use of a microfluidic platform to uncover basic features of energy and environmental stress responses in individual cells of bacillus subtilis.bacteria use a variety of stress-sensing systems to sense and respond to diverse stressors and to ensure their survival under adverse conditions. the gram-positive bacterium bacillus subtilis responds to energy stress (atp depletion) and to environmental stressors using two distinct stress-sensing pathways that converge on the alternative sigma factor σb to provoke a general stress response. past efforts to study the σb stress response in bulk culture and on agarose pads were unable to visualize ...201728727759
logarithmic sensing in bacillus subtilis aerotaxis.aerotaxis, the directed migration along oxygen gradients, allows many microorganisms to locate favorable oxygen concentrations. despite oxygen's fundamental role for life, even key aspects of aerotaxis remain poorly understood. in bacillus subtilis, for example, there is conflicting evidence of whether migration occurs to the maximal oxygen concentration available or to an optimal intermediate one, and how aerotaxis can be maintained over a broad range of conditions. using precisely controlled o ...201728725484
chemical constituents of helichrysum italicum (roth) g. don essential oil and their antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, filamentous fungi and candida albicans.the aerial parts of helichrysum italicum (roth) g. don were subjected to hydrodistillation to obtain essential oils which had been analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and tested for antimicrobial activity against 12 bacteria, two yeasts and four fungi by agar diffusion method. the essential oil yielded 0.44% (v/w) and 67 compounds accounting for 99.24% of the oil were identified with a high content of oxygenated sesquiterpenes (61.42%). the most o ...201728725151
bottleneck in secretion of α-amylase in bacillus subtilis.amylase plays an important role in biotechnology industries, and gram-positive bacterium bacillus subtilis is a major host to produce heterogeneous α-amylases. however, the secretion stress limits the high yield of α-amylase in b. subtilis although huge efforts have been made to address this secretion bottleneck. in this question-oriented review, every effort is made to answer the following questions, which look simple but are long-standing, through reviewing of literature: (1) does α-amylase ne ...201728724440
termination factor rho: from the control of pervasive transcription to cell fate determination in bacillus subtilis.in eukaryotes, rna species originating from pervasive transcription are regulators of various cellular processes, from the expression of individual genes to the control of cellular development and oncogenesis. in prokaryotes, the function of pervasive transcription and its output on cell physiology is still unknown. most bacteria possess termination factor rho, which represses pervasive, mostly antisense, transcription. here, we investigate the biological significance of rho-controlled transcrip ...201728723971
antibacterial secondary metabolites from an endophytic fungus, fusarium solani jk10.extensive chemical investigation of the endophytic fungus, fusarium solani jk10, harbored in the root of the ghanaian medicinal plant chlorophora regia, using the osmac (one strain many compounds) approach resulted in the isolation of seven new 7-desmethyl fusarin c derivatives (1-7), together with five known compounds (8-12). the structures of the new compounds were elucidated by analysis of their spectroscopic data including 1d, 2d nmr, hresi-ms(n) and ir data. the relative configuration of co ...201728392268
multi-effect of the water-soluble moringa oleifera lectin against serratia marcescens and bacillus sp.: antibacterial, antibiofilm and anti-adhesive properties.to evaluate the antibiofilm potential of water-soluble moringa oleifera seed lectin (wsmol) on serratia marcescens and bacillus sp.201728792661
zinc solubilizing bacillus spp. potential candidates for biofortification in maize.bioaugmentation of zn solubilizing rhizobacteria could be a sustainable intervention to increase bioavailability of zn in soil which can be helpful in mitigation of yield loss and malnutrition of zinc. in present study, a number of pure rhizobacterial colonies were isolated from maize rhizosphere and screened for their ability to solubilize zinc oxide. these isolates were screened on the basis of zinc and phosphate solubilization, iaa production, protease production, catalase activity and starch ...201728647123
tolerance and reduction of chromium(vi) by bacillus sp. mnu16 isolated from contaminated coal mining soil.the bacterium mnu16 was isolated from contaminated soils of coal mine and subsequently screened for different plant growth promoting (pgp) activities. the isolate was further identified by 16s rrna sequencing as bacillus subtilis mnu16 with iaa concentration (56.95 ± 0.43 6μg/ml), siderophore unit (9.73 ± 2.05%), phosphate solubilization (285.13 ± 1.05 μg/ml) and acc deaminase activity (116.79 ± 0.019 μmoles α-ketobutyrate/mg/24 h). further, to evaluate the metal resistance profile of bacterium, ...201728588589
the role of bacillithiol in gram-positive firmicutes.since the discovery and structural characterization of bacillithiol (bsh), the biochemical functions of bsh-biosynthesis enzymes (bsha/b/c) and bsh-dependent detoxification enzymes (fosb, bst, glxa/b) have been explored in bacillus and staphylococcus species. it was shown that bsh plays an important role in detoxification of reactive oxygen and electrophilic species, alkylating agents, toxins and antibiotics. recent advances: more recently, new functions of bsh were discovered in metal homeostas ...201728301954
stigmatellin y - an anti-biofilm compound from bacillus subtilis br4 possibly interferes in pqs-pqsr mediated quorum sensing system in pseudomonas aeruginosa.hitherto this is the first report pertaining to production of biofilm inhibitory compound(s) (bic) from bacillus subtilis br4 against pseudomonas aeruginosa (atcc 27853) coupled with production optimization. in order to achieve this, combinations of media components were formulated by employing statistical tools such as plackett-burman analysis and central composite rotatable design (ccrd). it was evident that at 35mll(-1) glycerol and 3.8gl(-1) casamino acid, anti-biofilm activity and productio ...201728389154
overall shapes of the smc-scpab complex are determined by balance between constraint and relaxation of its structural parts.the smc-scpab complex plays a crucial role in chromosome organization and segregation in many bacteria. it is composed of a v-shaped smc dimer and an scpab subcomplex that bridges the two structural maintenance of chromosomes (smc) head domains. despite its functional significance, the mechanistic details of smc-scpab remain obscure. here we provide evidence that atp-dependent head-head engagement induces a lever movement of the smc neck region, which might help to separate juxtaposed coiled-coi ...201728286005
corrigendum to "cellulolytic potential of probiotic bacillus subtilis ams6 isolated from traditional fermented soybean (churpi): an in-vitro study with regards to application as an animal feed additive" [microbiol. res. 186-187 (2016) 62-70]. 201728285662
efficient production of lactulose from whey powder by cellobiose 2-epimerase in an enzymatic membrane reactor.in this study, the gene encoding cellobiose 2-epimerase from caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus (csce) was successfully expressed in bacillus subtilis wb800. after the fermentation medium optimization, the activity of recombinant strain was 4.5-fold higher than the original medium in a 7.5l fermentor. the optimal catalytic ph and temperature of crude csce were 7.0 and 80°c, respectively. an enzymatic synthesis of lactulose was developed using cheese-whey lactose as its substrate. the maximum c ...201728285222
benzofuran glycosides and coumarins from the bark of streblus indicus (bur.) corner.two pairs of rare benzofuran glucoside epimers, indicuses a and b and indicuses c and d, three biogenetically related compounds indicuses e-g, and one coumarin indicus h, as well as 11 known compounds, were isolated from the bark of streblus indicus (bur.) corner. the structures of indicuses a-h were elucidated by nmr and ms data, as well as by cd. (s)-marmesinin exhibited moderate antimicrobial activity in vitro against bacillus subtilis and saccharomyces cerevisiae. 7,8-dihydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2 ...201728284566
impact of chemical, organic and bio-fertilizers application on bell pepper, capsicum annuum l. and biological parameters of myzus persicae (sulzer) (hem.: aphididae).myzus persicae (sulzer) is a polyphagous aphid that causes chlorosis, necrosis, stunting, and reduce growth rate of the host plants. in this research, the effects of zinc sulfate and vermicompost (30%), bacillus subtilis, pseudomonas fluorescens, glomus intraradices, g. intraradices × b. subtilis, and g. intraradices × p. fluorescens compared to control was investigated on the growth characters of capsicum annuum l. and biological parameters of m. persicae. different fertilizers caused a signifi ...201728283949
pirated siderophores promote sporulation in bacillus subtilis.in microbial communities bacteria chemically and physically interact with one another. some of these interactions are mediated by secreted specialized metabolites that act as either intra- or inter-species signals to alter gene expression and change cell physiology. bacillus subtilis is a well-characterized soil microbe that can differentiate into multiple cell types including metabolically dormant endospores. we were interested in identifying microbial interactions that affected sporulation in ...201728283524
probiotic consumption decreases the number of osteoclasts during orthodontic movement in mice.the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of probiotic (bacillus subtilis) supplementation on bone remodelling induced by mechanical loading.201728282515
production optimization of a heat-tolerant alkaline pectinase from bacillus subtilis zgl14 and its purification and characterization.alkaline pectinase has important applications in the pretreatment of waste water from food processing and in both the fabric and paper industries. in this study, a 2-level factorial design was used to screen significant factors that affect the activity of alkaline pectinase, and the response surface methodology (rsm) with a box-behnken design (bbd) was used to optimize their concentrations. starch, peptone, kh2po4 and k2hpo4·3h2o were found to significantly affect the activity of alkaline pectin ...201728282260
a new sesquiterpene lactone from fungus eutypella sp. d-1.we isolated and identified a new sesquiterpene lactone which we named eut-guaiane sesquiterpene (1), along with four cytochalasins from the fungus eutypella sp. derived from the soil of high latitude of arctic. the new structure was determined by spectroscopic studies such as 1d and 2d nmr and ms analyses, while the known compounds were identified by comparison of the nmr data with those in literatures. new compound 1 exhibited strong antibacterial activity against escherichia coli, bacillus sub ...201728278679
chemical profiling and biological properties of neolitsea kedahense gamble essential oils.hydrodistillation of the fresh stem and leaf of neolitsea kedahense gamble, collected from gunung jerai, malaysia followed by the gc-fid and gc-ms analysis revealed the detection of a total of 47 constituents of which 28 (86.4%) from the stem and 31 (96.4%) constituents from the leaf. δ-cadinene (17.4%), 1-epi-cubenol (11.8%), cyperotundone (9.0%), cis-cadin-4-en-7-ol (7.7%), τ-cadinol (7.1%) and α-cadinol (7.1%) were the principle constituents in the stem oil, whereas β-caryophyllene (18.9%), b ...201728278643
phytotoxic, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities of mycotoxins and other metabolites from trichoderma sp.a new natural mycotoxin was isolated from the fermentation broth of trichoderma sp. jing-8 and the structure was determined as alternariol 1'-hydroxy-9-methyl ether (1), together with twelve known compounds. the structures were elucidated on the basis of their 1d, 2d nmr spectra and mass spectrometric data. compounds 1, 8 and 9 indicated inhibitions against germination of the seeds of cabbage with mics < 3 μg/ml. the compound 1 showed the antibacterial activity against bacillus subtilis and stap ...201728278628
both exo- and endo-nucleolytic activities of rnase j1 from staphylococcus aureus are manganese dependent and active on triphosphorylated 5'-ends.rna decay and rna maturation are important steps in the regulation of bacterial gene expression. rnase j, which is present in about half of bacterial species, has been shown to possess both endo- and 5' to 3' exo-ribonuclease activities. the exonucleolytic activity is clearly involved in the degradation of mrna and in the maturation of at least the 5'end of 16s rrna in the two firmicutes staphylococcus aureus and bacillus subtilis. the endoribonuclease activity of rnase j from a number of specie ...201728277929
antimicrobial peptide cwfw kills by combining lipid phase separation with autolysis.the synthetic cyclic hexapeptide cwfw (cyclo(rrrwfw)) has a rapid bactericidal activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. its detailed mode of action has, however, remained elusive. in contrast to most antimicrobial peptides, cwfw neither permeabilizes the membrane nor translocates to the cytoplasm. using a combination of proteome analysis, fluorescence microscopy, and membrane analysis we show that cwfw instead triggers a rapid reduction of membrane fluidity both in live ba ...201728276520
multimer recognition and secretion by the non-classical secretion pathway in bacillus subtilis.non-classical protein secretion in bacteria is a common phenomenon. however, the selection principle for non-classical secretion pathways remains unclear. here, our experimental data, to our knowledge, are the first to show that folded multimeric proteins can be recognized and excreted by a non-classical secretion pathway in bacillus subtilis. we explored the secretion pattern of a typical cytoplasmic protein d-psicose 3-epimerase from ruminococcus sp. 5_1_39bfaa (rdpe), and showed that its non- ...201728276482
[purification of human goose-type lysozyme 2 (hlysg2) from human seminal plasma and analysis of its enzymatic properties].objective to purify human goose-type lysozyme 2 (hlysg2) from human seminal plasma by chromatography and analyze its enzymatic properties. methods the distribution of hlysg2 in semen was analyzed by western blot analysis. seminal plasma was subjected to the separation of target protein using cation-exchange chromatography, chitin affinity chromatography and size-exclusion chromatography. the purified product was identified by western blot analysis and mass spectrometry (ms).the purity was analyz ...201728274309
broadly reactive aptamers targeting bacteria belonging to different genera using a sequential toggle cell-selex.conventional cell-selex aims to isolate aptamers to a single unique target bacteria species. we propose a method to isolate single-stranded dna aptamers that have broad reactivity to multiple bacterial targets belonging to different genera. the key of the proposed method is that targets of interest are changed sequentially at each selex round. the general scheme was examined using six bacteria from different genera, escherichia coli, enterobacter aerogenes, klebsiella pneumoniae, citrobacter fre ...201728272554
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