Publications

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morphologies and phenotypes in bacillus subtilis biofilms.in this study, we explored bacillus subtilis biofilm growth under various conditions such as the use of substrates with different stiffnesses and nutrient levels using a well-developed optical imaging technique to spatially and temporally track biofilm growth. we also developed a quantitative method to characterize b. subtilis biofilm morphologies under various growth conditions. to determine biofilm rim irregularities, we used the dimensionless p2a ratio, defined as p(2)/4πa, where p is the per ...201728674970
characterization of h-box region mutants of walk inert to the action of waldiomycin in bacillus subtilis.the walk/walr two-component system is essential for cell wall metabolism and thus for cell growth in bacillus subtilis. waldiomycin was previously isolated as an antibiotic that targeted walk, the cognate histidine kinase (hk) of the response regulator, walr, in b. subtilis. to gain further insights into the action of waldiomycin on walk and narrow down its site of action, mutations were introduced in the h-box region, a well-conserved motif of the bacterial hks of walk. the half-maximal inhibit ...201728674376
screening of a bacillus subtilis strain producing multiple types of cyclic lipopeptides and evaluation of their surface-tension-lowering activities.sixty bacillus subtilis strains were investigated for their ability to produce cyclic lipopeptides (clps). among them, b. subtilis nbrc 109107 produced at least three types of clps by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) analysis, and these clps were thought to be surfactin, iturin a, and fengycin by polymerase chain reaction amplification of respective clp synthetase-encoding genes. however, after hplc fractionation and purification, structural analysis of the clps revealed that these ...201728674328
septal membrane localization by c-terminal amphipathic α-helices of mind in bacillus subtilis mutant cells lacking minj or diviva.the min system, which inhibits assembly of the cytokinetic protein ftsz, is largely responsible for positioning the division site in rod-shaped bacteria. it has been reported that minj, which bridges diviva and mind, is targeted to the cell poles by an interaction with diviva, and that minj in turn recruits mincd to the cell poles. minc, however, is located primarily at active division sites at the mid-cell when expressed from its native promoter. surprisingly, we found that b. subtilis mind is ...201728674273
bacillus subtilis intramembrane protease rasp activity in escherichia coli and in vitro.rasp is a predicted intramembrane metalloprotease of bacillus subtilis that has been proposed to cleave the stress response anti-sigma factors rsiw and rsiv, the cell division protein ftsl, and remnant signal peptides, within their transmembrane segments. to provide evidence for direct effects of rasp on putative substrates, we developed a heterologous coexpression system. since expression of catalytically-inactive rasp e21a inhibited expression of other membrane proteins in escherichia coli, we ...201728674070
antibacterial activities of pyrenylated coumarins from the roots of prangos hulusii.the dichloromethane extract of the roots of prangos hulusii, a recently described endemic species from turkey, has yielded nine known and one new prenylated coumarins. the structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and direct comparison with the reference compounds where available. the root extract and its prenylated coumarins exhibit antimicrobial activity against nine standard and six clinically isolated strains at a concentration between 5 and 125 µg/ml. in particular, the new coumar ...201728671568
optimization of nutritional components of medium by response surface methodology for enhanced production of lactase.lactase has excellent applications in dairy industry and commercially this enzyme is produced from bacterial sources but not in high yields. in this work, the production of lactase was improved by designing of nutrient components in fermentation medium by one factor at a time. lactose and yeast extract were selected as preferable carbon and nitrogen sources for lactase production with tryptophan and mgso4 showing enhanced production. statistical analysis proved to be a useful and powerful tool i ...201728667642
strain and plastic composite support (pcs) selection for vitamin k (menaquinone-7) production in biofilm reactors.menaquinone-7 (mk-7), a subtype of vitamin k, has received a significant attention due to its effect on improving bone and cardiovascular health. current fermentation strategies, which involve static fermentation without aeration or agitation, are associated with low productivity and scale-up issues and hardly justify the commercial production needs of this vitamin. previous studies indicate that static fermentation is associated with pellicle and biofilm formations, which are critical for mk-7 ...201728667350
synthesis and characterization of zro2 nanoparticles-antimicrobial activity and their prospective role in dental care.nanomaterials are exerting a pull on deal with biological and pharmaceutical applications. biomedical grade of zirconia reveals potential mechanical features of oxide ceramics. in this study, antimicrobial activity and anti-tooth decay applications of the synthesized nps of zro2 were determined. the as-prepared zro2 nps were characterized by uv-vis spectroscopy, ftir and xrd, which determined the formation of zro2nps and their crystalline nature. sem analysis further revealed spherical shaped np ...201728666841
poly-γ-glutamic acid productivity of bacillus subtilis bse1 has positive function in motility and biocontrol against fusarium graminearum.in this study, we investigate the relationship between γ-pga productivity and biocontrol capacity of bacillus subtilis bse1; one bacterial isolate displayed 62.14% biocontrol efficacy against fusarium root rot. the γ-pga yield assay, motility assay, wheat root colonization assay, and biological control assay were analysed in different γ-pga yield mutants of bse1. the pgsb (pga-synthase-capb gene) deleted mutant of bse1 reduced γ-pga yield and exhibited apparent decline of in vitro motile ability ...201728664519
modeling and optimization of fermentation variables for enhanced production of lactase by isolated bacillus subtilis strain vuvd001 using artificial neural networking and response surface methodology.modeling and optimization were performed to enhance production of lactase through submerged fermentation by bacillus subtilis vuvd001 using artificial neural networks (ann) and response surface methodology (rsm). the effect of process parameters namely temperature (°c), ph, and incubation time (h) and their combinational interactions on production was studied in shake flask culture by box-behnken design. the model was validated by conducting an experiment at optimized process variables which gav ...201728664372
multifarious allelochemicals exhibiting antifungal activity from bacillus subtilis mbcu5.a potential antagonist, designated strain bacillus subtilis mbcu5 was previously isolated from vermicompost-amended soils of gandhinagar, gujarat, india. crude allelochemicals from strain mbcu5 displayed strong antifungal activity against macrophomina phaseolina as well as rhizoctonia solani. these crude allelochemicals were tentatively identified as iturin, fengycin and surfactin through tlc and hptlc analysis. lipopeptides produced by mbcu5 were identified by maldi-tof-ms and lc-esi-ms/ms anal ...201728664362
overproduction of rummeliibacillus pycnus arginase with multi-copy insertion of the arg (r.pyc) cassette into the bacillus subtilis chromosome.a plasmid-less and marker-less strain with multi-copy integration of the arginase gene from rummeliibacillus pycnus was constructed using bacillus subtilis 168 as a host. a total of nine copies of the arg (r.pyc) cassettes, in which the r. pycnus arginase gene was fused with the strong promoter p43, were inserted into the recipient chromosome. these multiple insertions were completed via step-by-step integrations into designed (2 copies) and random (9 copies) sites, respectively. a strategy for ...201728664323
three new abietane-type diterpenoids from plectranthus africanus and their antibacterial activities.three new abietane-type diterpenoids, plectranthroyleanones a - c (1 - 3), together with five known compounds (4 - 8) were isolated from the methanol extract of the whole plant of plectranthus africanus using column chromatography techniques. the structures of the new compounds were elucidated using a combination of 1d and 2d nmr and hresims analyses. compound 1 exhibited weak activities with minimal inhibitory concentration values of 75 µg/ml against gram-positive bacteria, bacillus subtilis an ...201728662528
correction: saccharomyces boulardii and bacillus subtilis b10 modulate tlrs and cytokines expression patterns in jejunum and ileum of broilers.[this corrects the article doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173917.].201728662205
innovative non-thermal plasma disinfection process inside sealed bags: assessment of bactericidal and sporicidal effectiveness in regard to current sterilization norms.in this work, we developed a device capable to generate a non-thermal plasma discharge inside a sealed bag. the aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the oxygen, nitrogen and argon plasma sterilization on pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus and bacillus subtilis spores according to the nf en 556 norm. moreover the bag integrity which is a critical key to maintain the sterile state of items after the end of the process was verified by fourier transform infrared (ftir) and ...201728662202
fluoro-carba-sugars are glycomimetic activators of the glms ribozyme.the glms ribozyme is a bacterial gene-regulating riboswitch that controls cell wall synthesis, depending on glucosamine-6-phosphate as a cofactor. due to the presence of this ribozyme in several human pathogen bacteria (e.g. mrsa, vrsa), the glms ribozyme represents an attractive target for the development of artificial cofactors. the substitution of the ring oxygen in carbohydrates by functionalized methylene groups leads to a new generation of glycomimetics that exploits distinct interaction p ...201728661578
controllable synthesis fe3o4@pohaba core-shell nanostructure as high-performance recyclable bifunctional magnetic antimicrobial agent.we demonstrated a method to form magnetic antimicrobial pohaba (poly-n,n'-[(4,5-dihydroxy-1,2-phenylene)bis(methylene)]bisacrylamide)-based core-shell nanostructure by free-radical polymerization of ohaba on the fe3o4 core surface. the magnetic antimicrobial agent fe3o4@pohaba can be used in domestic water treatment against bacterial pathogens. the thickness of pohaba shell could be controlled from 10.4 ± 1.2 to 56.3 ± 11.7 nm by the dosage of ohaba. the results of antimicrobial-activity test in ...201728660503
establishment of a markerless gene deletion system in chromohalobacter salexigens dsm 3043.chromohalobacter salexigens dsm 3043 can grow over a wide range of salinity, which makes it as an excellent model organism for understanding the mechanism of prokaryotic osmoregulation. functional analysis of c. salexigens genes is an essential way to reveal their roles in cellular osmoregulation. however, the lack of an effective markerless gene deletion system has prevented construction of multiple gene deletion mutants for the members in the genus. here, we report the development of a markerl ...201728660361
a thermophilic cell-free cascade enzymatic reaction for acetoin synthesis from pyruvate.acetoin (3-hydroxy-2-butanone) is an important bio-based platform chemical with wide applications. in vitro enzyme catalysed synthesis exhibits great feasibility in the production of chemicals with high purity. in the present work, a synthetic pathway involving a two-step continuous reaction was constructed in vitro for acetoin production from pyruvate at improved temperature. thermostable candidates, acetolactate synthase (coahasl1 and coahasl2 from caldicellulosiruptor owensensis ol) and α-ace ...201728659601
biopolymer zein-coated gold nanoparticles: synthesis, antibacterial potential, toxicity and histopathological effects against the zika virus vector aedes aegypti.the control of multidrug-resistant bacteria as well as insect pests and vectors is timely and important now a days. the present study was designed to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial, antibiofilm and mosquito larvicidal effects of gold nanoparticles synthesized using the zein biopolymer (ze-aunps) against gram positive (bacillus pumilus and bacillus subtilis), gram negative (shigella sonnei and pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria and third instar larvae of the dengue and zika virus vector aedes ...201728654862
identification and growth optimization of a marine bacillus dk1-sa11 having potential of producing broad spectrum antimicrobial compounds.control of harmful bacteria in food, aquaculture, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, hospitals and recreation water pools are of great global concern. marine bacteria are an enormous source of bio-controlling agents. the aim of this study was to identify and optimize the growth conditions including effect of different biotic and abiotic factors on antimicrobial activity of strain dk1-sa11 isolated from qingdao bay of china yellow sea. microscopic characterization, api® 20e and 50 chb kit base carbohy ...201728653930
screening of leaves extracts from calamus aromaticus for their antimicrobial activity by disc diffusion assay.the current research investigates the anti-microbial activities of different solvent extracted samples from the leaves of calamus aromaticus against gram positive, gram negative bacteria and fungi using 500, 1000 and 2000 μg disc(-1) concentrations. escherichia coli, citorbacter freundii and candida albicans showed resistivity to crude methanolic extract and the same microbes were more susceptible to water extracted fractions. maximum activity was measured by hexane extracted fractions against p ...201728653924
kitchen phytochemicals from allium cepa - their role in multidrug resistance.bacterial resistance to antibiotics is increasingly becoming a concern to public health. current antibiotics have failed to bring desirable results to many bacterial infections due to multi-resistant strains. so, concerted efforts are being made to curve this with the help of dietary phytohemicals. a number of dietary phytochemical are being put to trials for antimicrobial activity; however it is worthwhile to search such a part of diet that is very frequently used by major population. keeping t ...201728653923
evaluation of anti-oxidative, antimicrobial and anti-diabetic potential of adiantum venustum and identification of its phytochemicals through gc-ms.the present study aimed to explore antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-diabetic properties of the fern adiantum venustum. the tpc (total phenolic content) of methanolic extract of the plant was 247.95±0.0007μg of gallic acid equivalents per gram of dried extract (mg gae/g). the highest tpc was in n-butanolic fraction, which was 981.45±0.1562mg gae/g. hexane fraction showed lowest tpc (256.95±0.0420mg gae/g). ethyl acetate fraction exhibited highest total flavonoid content (tfc), i.e., 62.0±0.050 ...201728653913
x-ray crystal structure of a reiterative transcription complex reveals an atypical rna extension pathway.reiterative transcription is a noncanonical form of rna synthesis in which a nucleotide specified by a single base in the dna template is repetitively added to the nascent transcript. here we determined the crystal structure of an rna polymerase, the bacterial enzyme from thermus thermophilus, engaged in reiterative transcription during transcription initiation at a promoter resembling the pyrg promoter of bacillus subtilis the structure reveals that the reiterative transcript detours from the d ...201728652344
a novel expression vector for the secretion of abaecin in bacillus subtilis.this study aimed to describe a bacillus subtilis expression system based on genetically modified b. subtilis. abaecin, an antimicrobial peptide obtained from apis mellifera, can enhance the effect of pore-forming peptides from other species on the inhibition of bacterial growth. for the exogenous expression, the abaecin gene was fused with a tobacco etch virus protease cleavage site, a promoter pglv, and a mature beta-glucanase signal peptide. also, a b. subtilis expression system was constructe ...201728651889
the toxicity of cationic surfactant hdtma-br, desorbed from surfactant modified zeolite, towards faecal indicator and environmental microorganisms.surfactant modified zeolite (smz) represents a versatile, cost-effective permeable reactive material, capable of treating multiple classes of contaminants. the potential for hdtma-br, a cationic surfactant commonly used to modify zeolite, to desorb from the zeolite surface has been identified as a potential issue for the ongoing use of smz in water remediation contexts. this paper investigates the toxicity of hdtma-br towards enteric virus surrogates, f-rna bacteriophage ms2 and e. coli, bacillu ...201728651198
elucidating sequence and solvent specific design targets to protect and stabilize enzymes for biocatalysis in ionic liquids.for many different frameworks, the structure, function, and dynamics of an enzyme is largely determined by the nature of its interactions with the surrounding host environment, thus a molecular level understanding of enzyme/host interactions is essential to the design of new processes and applications. ionic liquid (il) solvents are a popular class of solvents in which to study enzyme behavior, yet it is still not possible to predict how a given enzyme will behave in a given il solvent. furtherm ...201728650512
surface topology affects wetting behavior of bacillus subtilis biofilms.the colonization of surfaces by bacterial biofilms constitutes a huge problem in healthcare and industry. when attempting biofilm inactivation or removal, it is crucial to sufficiently wet the biofilm surface with antibacterial agents; however, certain biofilms efficiently resist wetting, and the origin of this behavior remains to date unclear. here, we demonstrate that, depending on the growth medium used, the model bacterium bacillus subtilis can form biofilm colonies with distinct surface pro ...201728649412
bacillus subtilis utilizes the dna damage response to manage multicellular development.bacteria switch between free-living and a multicellular state, known as biofilms, in response to cellular and environmental cues. it is important to understand how these cues influence biofilm development as biofilms are not only ubiquitous in nature but are also causative agents of infectious diseases. it is often believed that any stress triggers biofilm formation as a means of bacterial protection. in this study, we propose a new mechanism for how cellular and environmental dna damage may inf ...201728649409
bacillus subtilis biofilm development in the presence of soil clay minerals and iron oxides.clay minerals and metal oxides, as important parts of the soil matrix, play crucial roles in the development of microbial communities. however, the mechanism underlying such a process, particularly on the formation of soil biofilm, remains poorly understood. here, we investigated the effects of montmorillonite, kaolinite, and goethite on the biofilm formation of the representative soil bacteria bacillus subtilis. the bacterial biofilm formation in goethite was found to be impaired in the initial ...201728649405
kinetic modelling and meta-analysis of the b. subtilis siga regulatory network during spore germination and outgrowth.this study describes the meta-analysis and kinetic modelling of gene expression control by sigma factor siga of bacillus subtilis during germination and outgrowth based on microarray data from 14 time points. the analysis computationally models the direct interaction among siga, siga-controlled sigma factor genes (sigm, sigh, sigd, sigx), and their target genes. of the >800 known genes in the siga regulon, as extracted from databases, 311 genes were analysed, and 190 were confirmed by the kineti ...201728648455
yvck, a protein required for cell wall integrity and optimal carbon source utilization, binds uridine diphosphate-sugars.in bacillus subtilis, listeria monocytogenes and in two mycobacteria, it was previously shown that yvck is a gene required for normal cell shape, for optimal carbon source utilization and for virulence of pathogenic bacteria. here we report that the b. subtilis protein yvck binds to uridine diphosphate-sugars like uridine diphosphate-glucose (udp-glc) and uridine diphosphate-n-acetylglucosamine (udp-glcnac) in vitro. using the crystal structure of bacillus halodurans yvck, we identified residues ...201728646159
post-translational modification of ribosomally synthesized peptides by a radical sam epimerase in bacillus subtilis.ribosomally synthesized peptides are built out of l-amino acids, whereas d-amino acids are generally the hallmark of non-ribosomal synthetic processes. here we show that the model bacterium bacillus subtilis is able to produce a novel type of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide that contains d-amino acids, and which we propose to call epipeptides. we demonstrate that a two [4fe-4s]-cluster radical s-adenosyl-l-methionine (sam) enzyme converts l-amino acids into thei ...201728644475
abilities of co-cultures of brown-rot fungus fomitopsis pinicola and bacillus subtilis on biodegradation of ddt.ddt (1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane) is one of the pesticides that are hazardous for the environment and human health. effective environmental-friendly treatment using co-cultures of fungi and bacteria is needed. in this study, the bacteria bacillus subtilis at various volumes of 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 ml (1 ml ≈ 6.7 × 10(8) cfu) were mixed into 10 ml of the brown-rot fungus fomitopsis pinicola culture for degrading ddt during a 7-days incubation period. ddt was degraded by approximat ...201728642970
editorial: spores and spore formers. 201728642754
1,1ꞌ-carbonyldiimidazole (cdi) mediated facile synthesis, structural characterization, antimicrobial activity and in-silico studies of coumarin-3-carboxamide derivatives.despite of the availability of variety of antibacterial agents, re-emergance of pathogenic bacteria is still a serious medical concern. so, identification of new, safer, and selective antibacterial agents is the key interest in the medicinal chemistry research.201728641525
novel antimicrobial activities of a peptide derived from a japanese soybean fermented food, natto, against streptococcus pneumoniae and bacillus subtilis group strains.we recently isolated a tumoricidal peptide from natto, a japanese traditional fermented food. in the present study, antimicrobial activity of the natto peptide was examined. the peptide consisted of 45 amino acid residues, and its structure was predicted to be rich in α-helix. it excreted antimicrobial activity only against streptococcus pneumoniae and bacillus subtilis group (b. subtilis, bacillus pumilus, and bacillus licheniformis). lesser antimicrobial activity was observed for streptococcus ...201728641406
chemical composition and biological activities of leaf and fruit essential oils from eucalyptus camaldulensis.the chemical composition of the essential oils from the leaves and fruit of eucalyptus camaldulensis grown in mersin, turkey was analyzed using gas chromatography (gc) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms) techniques. the biological activities (antibacterial and antifungal) were examined using the agar well diffusion method. the main leaf oil constituents were p-cymene (42.1%), eucalyptol (1,8-cineole) (14.1%), α-pinene (12.7%) and α-terpinol (10.7%). the main constituents of the frui ...201728640755
purification and characterization of two new cell-bound bioactive compounds produced by wildlactococcus lactisstrain.novel compounds and innovative methods are required considering that antibiotic resistance has reached a crisis point. in the study, two cell-bound antimicrobial compounds produced by l. lactis id1.5 were isolated and partially characterized. following purification by cationic exchange and a solid phase c18 column, antimicrobial activity was recovered after three runs of rpc using 60% (v/v) and 100% (v/v) of 2-propanol for elution, suggesting that more than one antimicrobial compound were produc ...201728637209
green catanionic gemini surfactant-lichenysin mixture: improved surface, antimicrobial, and physiological properties.catanionic surfactant mixtures form a wide variety of organized assemblies and aggregates with improved physicochemical and biological properties. the green catanionic mixture n(α)n(ω)-bis(n(α)caproylarginine) α,ω-propyldiamide (c3(ca)2):lichenysin (molar ratio 8:2) showed antimicrobial synergies against yersinia enterocolitica, bacillus subtilis, escherichia coli o157:h7, and candida albicans. flow cytometry and viability studies indicated that this catanionic mixture increases the probability ...201728636319
biocontrol of the wheat pathogen zymoseptoria tritici using cyclic lipopeptides from bacillus subtilis.innovation toward ecofriendly plant protection products compatible with sustainable agriculture and healthy food is today strongly encouraged. here, we assessed the biocontrol activity of three cyclic lipopeptides from bacillus subtilis (mycosubtilin, m; surfactin, s; fengycin, f) and two mixtures (m + s and m + s + f) on wheat against zymoseptoria tritici, the main pathogen on this crop. foliar application of these biomolecules at a 100-mg l(-1) concentration on the wheat cultivars dinosor and ...201728634804
coumarin-benzimidazole hybrids as a potent antimicrobial agent: synthesis and biological elevation.molecular hybridization approach is an emerging tool in drug discovery for designing new pharmacophores with biological activity. a novel, new series of coumarin-benzimidazole hybrids were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their broad spectrum antimicrobial activity. among all the synthesized molecules, compound (e)-3-(2-1h-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)-1-((4-chlorobenzyl)oxy)imino)ethyl)-2h-chromen-2-one showed the most promising broad spectrum antibacterial activity against pseudomonas aerugino ...201728634338
experimental evolution of bacillus subtilis.the endospore-forming bacteria have persisted on earth perhaps 3ga, leveraging the flexibility of their distinctive lifestyle to adapt to a remarkably wide range of environments. this process of adaptation can be investigated through the simple but powerful technique of laboratory evolution. evolved strains can be analyzed by whole genome sequencing and an array of omics technologies. the intensively studied, genetically tractable endospore-former, bacillus subtilis, is an ideal subject for labo ...201728631363
variation analysis of bacterial polyhydroxyalkanoates production using saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons.polyhydroxyalkanoates (pha) are efficient, renewable and environment friendly polymeric esters. these polymers are synthesized by a variety of microbes under stress conditions. this study was carried out to check the suitability of waste frying oil in comparison to other oils for economical bioplastic production. six bacterial strains were isolated and identified as bacillus cereus (kf270349), klebsiella pneumoniae (kf270350), bacillus subtilis (kf270351), brevibacterium halotolerance (kf270352) ...201728629970
an enhanced vector-free allele exchange (vfae) mutagenesis protocol for genome editing in a wide range of bacterial species.vector-free allele exchange (vfae) is a newly developed protocol for genome editing in pseudomonas species. although several parameters have been determined to optimize the procedures for obtaining a stable and high-frequency mutation, numerous false-positive clones still appear on the plate, which increases the difficulty of finding the desired mutants. it has also not been established whether this protocol can be used for genome editing in other bacterial species. in the current study, the pro ...201728629206
lc-ms/ms proteomic analysis of starved bacillus subtilis cells overexpressing ribonucleotide reductase (nrdef): implications in stress-associated mutagenesis.the non-appropriate conditions faced by nutritionally stressed bacteria propitiate error-prone repair events underlying stationary-phase- or stress-associated mutagenesis (spm). the genetic and molecular mechanisms involved in spm have been deeply studied but the biochemical aspects of this process have so far been less explored. previous evidence showed that under conditions of nutritional stress, non-dividing cells of strain b. subtilis yb955 overexpressing ribonucleotide reductase (rnr) exhib ...201728624879
bacillus subtilis affects mirnas and flavanoids production in agrobacterium-tobacco interaction.agrobacterium tumefaciens is a very destructive plant pathogen. selection of effective biological agents against this pathogen depends on more insight into molecular plant defence responses during the biocontrol agent-pathogen interaction. auxin as a phytohormone is a key contributor in pathogenesis and plant defence and accumulation of auxin transport carriers are accompanied by increasing in flavonoid and mirnas concentrations during plant interactions with bacteria. the aim of this research w ...201728624685
innate immune system capabilities of the asian citrus psyllid, diaphorina citri.citrus production worldwide is currently threatened by huanglongbing, or citrus greening disease. the associated pathogen, candidatus liberibacter asiaticus (clas), is transmitted by the asian citrus psyllid, diaphorina citri. annotation of the d. citri genome revealed a reduced innate immune system lacking a number of antimicrobial peptides and the imd pathway associated with defense against gram-negative bacteria. we characterized this apparent immune reduction in survival assays in which d. c ...201728624621
metabolic fingerprinting of bacteria by fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy.bacterial populations exhibit a range of metabolic states influenced by their environment, intra- and interspecies interactions. the identification of bacterial metabolic states and transitions between them in their native environment promises to elucidate community behavior and stochastic processes, such as antibiotic resistance acquisition. in this work, we employ two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (flim) to create a metabolic fingerprint of individual bacteria and populations ...201728623341
assessment of the phenolic profile, antimicrobial activity and oxidative stability of transgenic perilla frutescens l.overexpressing tocopherol methyltransferase (γ-tmt) gene.this study evaluated the effects of enhanced concentrations of α-tocopherol and phenolic compounds on the resistance and stability of perilla oil in transgenic perilla frutescens plants against various tested pathogenic bacteria by over-expressing the γ-tmt gene. the concentration of phenolic compounds in the non-transgenic samples was 9313.198 ± 18.887 μg g(-1) dry weight (dw), whereas the total concentration of the transgenic samples ranged from 9118.015 ± 18.822 to 10527.612 ± 20.411 μg g(-1) ...201728622602
chaotic model for lévy walks in swarming bacteria.we describe a new mechanism for lévy walks, explaining the recently observed superdiffusion of swarming bacteria. the model hinges on several key physical properties of bacteria, such as an elongated cell shape, self-propulsion, and a collectively generated regular vortexlike flow. in particular, chaos and lévy walking are a consequence of group dynamics. the model explains how cells can fine-tune the geometric properties of their trajectories. experiments confirm the spectrum of these patterns ...201728621992
capture and release of trna by the t-loop receptor in the function of the t-box riboswitch.in gram-positive bacteria, the trna-dependent t-box riboswitch system regulates expression of amino acid biosynthetic and aminoacyl-trna synthetase genes through a transcription attenuation mechanism. binding of uncharged trna "closes" the switch, allowing transcription read-through. structural studies of the 100-nucleotide stem i domain reveal trna utilizes base pairing and stacking interactions to bind the stem, but little is known structurally about the 180-nucleotide riboswitch core (stem i, ...201728621923
antibacterial and antifungal activities of spices.infectious diseases caused by pathogens and food poisoning caused by spoilage microorganisms are threatening human health all over the world. the efficacies of some antimicrobial agents, which are currently used to extend shelf-life and increase the safety of food products in food industry and to inhibit disease-causing microorganisms in medicine, have been weakened by microbial resistance. therefore, new antimicrobial agents that could overcome this resistance need to be discovered. many spices ...201728621716
activity-independent screening of secreted proteins using split gfp.the large-scale industrial production of proteins requires efficient secretion, as provided, for instance, by the sec system of gram-positive bacteria. protein engineering approaches to optimize secretion often involve the screening of large libraries, e.g. comprising a target protein fused to many different signal peptides. respective high-throughput screening methods are usually based on photometric or fluorimetric assays enabling fast and simple determination of enzymatic activities. here, we ...201728619616
synthesis of new thiazolyl coupled pyrazoles bearing 2,4-thiazolidinedionyl pharmacophore and their anti-inflammatory and antibacterial evaluation.2, 4-thiazolidinedione (tzd), pyrazole and thiazole heterocyclic rings exhibit wide range of pharmacological activities. medicinal chemists use these heterocyclic moieties as scaffolds in drug designing and discovery. the existing medicaments, celecoxib and meloxicam, used for treating inflammation and pain are having, pyrazole and thiazole, respectively as a key scaffolds. pyrazoles coupled with 2, 4-thiazolidinediones may display enhanced anti inflammatory activity. with this hope the title wo ...201728618987
molecular cloning and analysis of a c-type lectin from silkworm bombyx mori.c-type lectins (ctls) play a variety of roles in plants and animals. they are involved in animal development, pathogen recognition, and the activation of immune responses. ctls carry one or more non-catalytic carbohydrate-recognition domains (crds) to bind specific carbohydrates reversibly. here, we report the molecular cloning and functional analysis of a single-crd ctl, named c-type lectin-s2 (bmctl-s2) from the domesticated silkmoth bombyx mori (lepidoptera: bombycidae). the orf of ctl-s2 is ...201728618068
characterization of the regulation of a plant polysaccharide utilization operon and its role in biofilm formation in bacillus subtilis.the soil bacterium bacillus subtilis is often found in association with plants in the rhizosphere. previously, plant polysaccharides have been shown to stimulate formation of root-associated multicellular communities, or biofilms, in this bacterium, yet the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. a five-gene gan operon (ganspqab) in b. subtilis has recently been shown to be involved in utilization of the plant-derived polysaccharide galactan. despite these findings, molecular details about ...201728617843
the structural assembly switch of cell division protein ftsz probed with fluorescent allosteric inhibitors.ftsz is a widely conserved tubulin-like gtpase that directs bacterial cell division and a new target for antibiotic discovery. this protein assembly machine cooperatively polymerizes forming single-stranded filaments, by means of self-switching between inactive and actively associating monomer conformations. the structural switch mechanism was proposed to involve a movement of the c-terminal and n-terminal ftsz domains, opening a cleft between them, allosterically coupled to the formation of a t ...201728616148
cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities of cantharellus cibarius fr. (cantarellaceae).antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of cyclohexane, dichloromethane, methanol, and aqueous extracts of cantharellus cibarius were tested. broth microdilution assay was performed against 10 bacterial strains (staphylococcus aureus, s. epidermidis, micrococcus luteus, bacillus subtilis, enterococcus feacalis, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella abony), with emphasis on helicobacter pylori. methanol extract was the most active against h. pylori strains wit ...201728613963
microcontact imprinted plasmonic nanosensors: powerful tools in the detection of salmonella paratyphi.identification of pathogenic microorganisms by traditional methods is slow and cumbersome. therefore, the focus today is on developing new and quicker analytical methods. in this study, a surface plasmon resonance (spr) sensor with a microcontact imprinted sensor chip was developed for detecting salmonella paratyphi. for this purpose, the stamps of the target microorganism were prepared and then, microcontact s. paratyphi-imprinted spr chips were prepared with the functional monomer n-methacrylo ...201728608810
comparative evaluation of probiotics effects on plasma glucose, lipid, and insulin levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.diabetes is a chronic disorder caused by the relative decrease in insulin production from the pancreas, tissue resistance to insulin, or both. daily consumption of probiotics, particularly lactobacilli, has been proposed as a new strategy for prevention or control of diabetes.201728608654
the recombinant fusion protein of cholera toxin b and neutrophil-activating protein expressed on bacillus subtilis spore surface suppresses allergic inflammation in mice.the neutrophil-activating protein of helicobacter pylori (hp-nap) has been identified as a modulator with anti-th2 inflammation activity, and cholera toxin b (ctb) is a mucosal adjuvant that can also induce antigen tolerance. in this study, we constructed a ctb-nap fusion protein on the surface of bacillus subtilis spore and evaluate the efficiency of oral administration of the recombinant ctb-nap spores in preventing asthma in mice. oral administration of recombinant ctb or ctb-nap spores signi ...201728608279
modification of different pulps by homologous overexpression alkali-tolerant endoglucanase in bacillus subtilis y106.cellulase (mainly endoglucanase, eg) has been used in pulp modification for improving paper quality through environmentally friendly process. but low activity in alkaline ph and high filter paper activity (fpa) were still obstacles for extending the cellulase application in papermaking industry. in the study, an alkali-tolerant eg gene of bacillus subtilis y106 was homologous over-expressed for obtaining suitable enzyme used in pulp modification. the engineering strain could produce the crude en ...201728607421
progress in bacillus subtilis spore surface display technology towards environment, vaccine development, and biocatalysis.spore surface display is the most desirable with enhanced effects, low cost, less time consuming and the most promising technology for environmental, medical, and industrial development. spores have various applications in industry due to their ability to survive in harsh industrial processes including heat resistance, alkaline tolerance, chemical tolerance, easy recovery, and reusability. yeast and bacteria, including gram-positive and -negative, are the most frequently used organisms for the d ...201728605732
the bacillus subtilis germinant receptor gera triggers premature germination in response to morphological defects during sporulation.during sporulation in bacillus subtilis, germinant receptors assemble in the inner membrane of the developing spore. in response to specific nutrients, these receptors trigger germination and outgrowth. in a transposon-sequencing screen, we serendipitously discovered that loss of function mutations in the gera receptor partially suppress the phenotypes of > 25 sporulation mutants. most of these mutants have modest defects in the assembly of the spore protective layers that are exacerbated in the ...201728605069
characterization of bacillus subtilis viruses vb_bsum-goe2 and vb_bsum-goe3.the spounavirinae viruses are ubiquitous in nature and have an obligatory virulent lifestyle. they infect firmicutes, a bacterial phylum containing an array of environmental non-pathogenic and pathogenic organisms. to expand the knowledge of this viral subfamily, new strains were isolated and investigated in this study. here we present two new viruses, vb_bsum-goe2 and vb_bsum-goe3, isolated from raw sewage and infecting bacillus species. both were morphologically classified via transmission ele ...201728604650
solid-state fermentation of corn-soybean meal mixed feed with bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecium for degrading antinutritional factors and enhancing nutritional value.corn and soybean meal (sbm) are two of the most common feed ingredients used in pig feeds. however, a variety of antinutritional factors (anfs) present in corn and sbm can interfere with the bioavailability of nutrients and have negative health effects on the pigs. in the present study, two-stage fermentation using bacillus subtilis followed by enterococcus faecium was carried out to degrade anfs and improve the nutritional quality of corn and sbm mixed feed. furthermore, the microbial compositi ...201728603613
enzyme inhibitory, antifungal, antibacterial and hemolytic potential of various fractions of colebrookia oppositifolia.the purpose of the present investigation was to assess the enzyme inhibition, antifungal, antibacterial and hemolytic activities of various fractions of colebrookia oppositifolia smith. the meoh extract of plant was dissolved in dist. water and partitioned with n-hexane, chcl3, etoac and n-buoh sequentially. enzyme inhibition studies were done against four enzymes i.e. α-glucosidase, butyrylcholinesterase, acetyl cholinesterase and lipoxygenase. ethyl acetate fraction possessed very good activit ...201728603120
isolation and characterization of antimicrobial peptides derived from bacillus subtilis e20-fermented soybean meal and its use for preventing vibrio infection in shrimp aquaculture.bacillus subtilis e20-fermented soybean meal (fsbm) was found to produce antimicrobial peptides (amps) with great antimicrobial activity against vibrio alginolyticus (va) and v. parahaemolyticus (vp). three amps were purified with a 5 kda ultrafiltration, sephadex g-15 column and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (rp-hplc). the fsb-amp, htskalldmlkrlgk, identified by an rp-nano-ultrapure liquid chromatography (uplc) electrospray ionization (esi)-tandem mass spectroscopic (ms/m ...201728602685
fatty acid availability sets cell envelope capacity and dictates microbial cell size.nutrients-and by extension biosynthetic capacity-positively impact cell size in organisms throughout the tree of life. in bacteria, cell size is reduced 3-fold in response to nutrient starvation or accumulation of the alarmone ppgpp, a global inhibitor of biosynthesis. however, whether biosynthetic capacity as a whole determines cell size or whether particular anabolic pathways are more important than others remains an open question. here we identify fatty acid synthesis as the primary biosynthe ...201728602657
a rapid qualitative assay for detection of clostridium perfringens in canned food products.clostridium perfringens (mtcc 1349) is a gram-positive, anaerobic, endospore forming, and rod-shaped bacterium. this bacterium produces a variety of toxins under strict anaerobic environment. c. perfringens can grow at temperatures ranging between 20°c and 50°c. it is the major causetive agent for gas gangrene, cellulitis, septicemia, necrotic enteritis and food poisoning, which are common toxin induced conditions noted in human and animals. c. perfringens can produce produce four major types of ...201728600908
purification and partial characterization of a low molecular fibrinolytic serine metalloprotease c142 from the culture supernatant of bacillus subtilis c142.novel serine metalloprotease-like enzyme, c142 was purified from the culture supernatant of bacillus subtilis c142. the c142 was purified to homogeneity by a two-step procedure with a 20.7-fold increase in specific activity and 0.9% recovery. the molecular mass of c142 was approximately 23.5kda based on sds-page. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of the first 21 amino acids of c142 was aqsvpygisqikapalhsqgy. its optimum ph, optimum temperature, ph stability, and thermal stability were ph 6, 40° ...201728600208
a truncated sph12-38 with potent antimicrobial activity showing resistance against bacterial challenge in oryzias melastigma.antimicrobial peptides (amps) represent an efficient part of innate immunity and are found in a variety of life. among them histone 2a (h2a), as a promising class of amps, attracts great attention, but the in vivo mechanism of h2a derived amp is still less known. based on the acquisition of sphistin, a synthetic 38-amino acid h2a derived peptide from scylla paramamosain, as reported in our previous study, was truncated into three short fragments (sph12-38, sph20-38 and sph30-38) and further inve ...201728600196
1,5-diaminopentane production from xylooligosaccharides using metabolically engineered corynebacterium glutamicum displaying beta-xylosidase on the cell surface.xylooligosaccharide-assimilating corynebacterium glutamicum strains were constructed using metabolic engineering and cell surface display techniques. first, c. glutamicum was metabolically engineered to create lysine-producing strains. beta-xylosidase bsu17580 derived from bacillus subtilis was then expressed on the c. glutamicum cell surface using porh anchor protein, and enzymes involved in the xylose assimilation pathway were also expressed. metabolic engineering had no effect on the activity ...201728599919
ficusnotins a-f: rare diarylbutanoids from the leaves of ficus nota.six diarylbutanoids, designated as ficusnotins a-f, with a rare carbon skeleton consisting of two aromatic rings separated by an unbranched c4-chain have been isolated from the leaves of ficus nota (blanco) merr. (moraceae). the structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic data, as well as x-ray crystallographic analysis. the isolated compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against bacillus subtilis.201728599242
a novel rna polymerase-binding protein that interacts with a sigma-factor docking site.sporulation in bacillus subtilis is governed by a cascade of alternative rna polymerase sigma factors. we previously identified a small protein fin that is produced under the control of the sporulation sigma factor σ(f) to create a negative feedback loop that inhibits σ(f) -directed gene transcription. cells deleted for fin are defective for spore formation and exhibit increased levels of σ(f) -directed gene transcription. based on pull-down experiments, chemical crosslinking, bacterial two-hybr ...201728598017
non-housekeeping, non-essential groel (chaperonin) has acquired novel structure and function beneficial under stress in cyanobacteria.groels which are prokaryotic members of the chaperonin (cpn)/hsp60 family are molecular chaperones of which escherichia coli groel is a model for subsequent research. the majority of bacterial species including e. coli and bacillus subtilis have only one essential groel gene that forms an operon with the co-chaperone groes gene. in contrast to these model bacteria, two or three groel genes exist in cyanobacterial genomes. one of them, groel2, does not form an operon with the groes gene, whereas ...201728597961
antimicrobial effect of okcel® h-d prepared from oxidized cellulose.the antimicrobial effect of okcel® h-d, a topical, absorbable hemostatic textile prepared from oxidized cellulose, was tested. testing by dilution and diffusion methods was conducted on a spectrum of 27 select microorganisms, including also antibiotic-resistant strains. okcel® h-d showed inhibitory effects on nearly all tested bacteria. in testing using the dilution suspension method, the majority of bacteria showed decrease in cell density by 7-8 orders of magnitude after just 6 h of exposure. ...201728597345
erratum to: a molecular phylogenetic framework for bacillus subtilis using genome sequences and its application to bacillus subtilis subspecies stecoris strain d7xpn1, an isolate from a commercial food-waste degrading bioreactor. 201728597153
complete genome sequence of bacillus subtilis j-5, a potential biocontrol agent.bacillus subtilis j-5 was isolated from tomato rhizosphere soil and exhibited strong inhibitory activity against botrytis cinerea to shed light on the molecular mechanism underlying the biological control on phytopathogens, the whole genome of this strain was sequenced. genes encoding antimicrobial compounds and the regulatory systems were identified in the genome.201728596389
antibacterial and anticancer activities of acetone extracts from in vitro cultured lichen-forming fungi.lichens that were used in traditional medicine for ages produce numerous secondary metabolites, however our knowledge about biological activities of substances secreted by separated bionts is scarce. the main objectives of this study were to isolate and find optimal conditions for the growth of mycelia from three common lichen-forming fungi, i.e. caloplaca pusilla, protoparmeliopsis muralis and xanthoria parietina and to evaluate antibacterial and antiproliferative activities of their acetone ex ...201728592323
investigation into the antimicrobial action and mechanism of a novel endogenous peptide β-casein 197 from human milk.a novel endogenous peptide cleaved from 197-213 aa of β-casein, named β-casein 197, was identified by tandem mass spectrometry. β-casein 197 constituted a significant proportion of the peptide content in preterm milk. this study investigated the antibacterial effects and mechanisms against common pathogenic bacteria. six bacterial strains were selected for this study: escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, yersinia enterocolitica, listeria monocytogenes, klebsiella pneumonia and bacillus subti ...201728591979
evaluation of phenolic profile and antibacterial bioactivities of nigella sativa l. seed extracts.black cumin (nigella sativa l. [n. sativa]) seed extracts demonstrated numerous beneficial biological effects including, among others, antidiabetic, anticancer, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, and antioxidant activity. to better understand the phytochemical composition of n. sativa seeds, methanol seed extracts were analyzed for phenolic acid and flavonoid content. furthermore, we tested n. sativa methanol, n-hexane, and aqueous seed extracts for their inhib ...201728590231
contrasting mechanisms of growth in two model rod-shaped bacteria.how cells control their shape and size is a long-standing question in cell biology. many rod-shaped bacteria elongate their sidewalls by the action of cell wall synthesizing machineries that are associated to actin-like mreb cortical patches. however, little is known about how elongation is regulated to enable varied growth rates and sizes. here we use total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy and single-particle tracking to visualize mreb isoforms, as a proxy for cell wall synthesis, in ...201728589952
mycelium-mediated transfer of water and nutrients stimulates bacterial activity in dry and oligotrophic environments.fungal-bacterial interactions are highly diverse and contribute to many ecosystem processes. their emergence under common environmental stress scenarios however, remains elusive. here we use a synthetic microbial ecosystem based on the germination of bacillus subtilis spores to examine whether fungal and fungal-like (oomycete) mycelia reduce bacterial water and nutrient stress in an otherwise dry and nutrient-poor microhabitat. we find that the presence of mycelia enables the germination and sub ...201728589950
molecular engineering of l-aspartate-α-decarboxylase for improved activity and catalytic stability.β-alanine is an important precursor for the production of food additives, pharmaceuticals, and nitrogen-containing chemicals. compared with the conventional chemical routes for β-alanine production, the biocatalytic routes using l-aspartate-α-decarboxylase (adc) are more attractive when energy and environment are concerned. however, adc's poorly understood properties and its inherent mechanism-based inactivation significantly limited the application of this enzyme. in this study, three genes enc ...201728589224
adhesion of bacillus subtilis and pseudoalteromonas lipolytica to steel in a seawater environment and their effects on corrosion.in a marine environment, bacillus subtilis and pseudoalteromonas lipolytica are commonly found in the biofilms adherent to low-alloy engineering steel, and they have distinct effects on corrosion. in the present work, this phenomenon was investigated through the study of various materials characterization methods, electrochemical techniques, and contact angle measurements. it was found that the surface film formed on the steel in the presence of b. subtilis was compact, uniform, free of cracks, ...201728586728
single-peptide dna-dependent rna polymerase homologous to multi-subunit rna polymerase.transcription in all living organisms is accomplished by multi-subunit rna polymerases (msrnaps). msrnaps are highly conserved in evolution and invariably share a ∼400 kda five-subunit catalytic core. here we characterize a hypothetical ∼100 kda single-chain protein, yono, encoded by the spβ prophage of bacillus subtilis. yono shares very distant homology with msrnaps, but no homology with single-subunit polymerases. we show that despite homology to only a few amino acids of msrnap, and the abse ...201728585540
production of macrolide antibiotics from a cytotoxic soil streptomyces sp. strain zdb.crude extract from a culture of a soil streptomyces sp. strain zdb showed toxicity towards artemia salina and antimicrobial activity against escherichia coli, bacillus subtilis, staphylococcus aureus, chlorella vulgaris, and chlorella sorokiniana. large scale fermentation of the strain led to the isolation of the macrolide antibiotics, bafilomycins a1 (1), b1 (2), and d (3) together with nonactic acid (4) and bostrycoidin-9-methyl ether (5). structures of the antibiotics were determined based on ...201728585168
lysinibacillus fusiformis m5 induces increased complexity in bacillus subtilis 168 colony biofilms via hypoxanthine.in recent years, biofilms have become a central subject of research in the fields of microbiology, medicine, agriculture, or systems biology amongst others. the sociomicrobiology of multispecies biofilms, however, is still poorly understood. here, we report a screening system that allowed us to identify soil bacteria, which induce architectural changes in biofilm colonies when cocultured with b. subtilis we identified the soil bacterium lysinibacillus fusiformis m5 as inducer of wrinkle-formatio ...201728583948
cloning and characterization of thermostable groel/groes homologues from geobacillus thermopakistaniensis and their applications in protein folding.the chaperonin genes encoding groelgt (esu72018) and groesgt (esu72017), homologues of bacterial groel and groes, from geobacillus thermopakistaniensis were cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. the purified gene products possessed the atpase activity similar to other bacterial and eukaryal counterparts. recombinant groelgt and groesgt were able to refold the denatured insoluble aggregates of α-amylase from bacillus licheniformis into soluble and active form. furthermore, groelgt and groesgt ...201728583821
in vitro antibacterial activity of poly (amidoamine)-g7 dendrimer.nano-scale dendrimers are synthetic macromolecules that frequently used in medical and health field. traditional anibiotics are induce bacterial resistence so there is an urgent need for novel antibacterial drug invention. in the present study seventh generation poly (amidoamine) (pamam-g7) dendrimer was synthesized and its antibacterial activities were evaluated against representative gram- negative and gram-positive bacteria.201728583153
addition of plant-growth-promoting bacillus subtilis pts-394 on tomato rhizosphere has no durable impact on composition of root microbiome.representatives of the genus bacillus are increasingly used in agriculture to promote plant growth and to protect against plant pathogens. unfortunately, hitherto the impact of bacillus inoculants on the indigenous plant microbiota has been investigated exclusively for the species bacillus amyloliquefaciens and was limited to prokaryotes, whilst eukaryotic member of this community, e.g. fungi, were not considered.201728583081
biomedical applications of green synthesized nobel metal nanoparticles.synthesis of nobel metal nanoparticles, play a key role in the field of medicine. plants contain a substantial number of organic constituents, like phenolic compounds and various types of glycosides that help in synthesis of metal nanoparticles. synthesis of metal nanoparticles by green method is one of the best and environment friendly methods. the major significance of the green synthesis is lack of toxic by-products produced during metal nanoparticle synthesis. the nanoparticles, synthesized ...201728582711
antimicrobial peptide from bacillus subtilis csb138: characterization, killing kinetics, and synergistic potency.we studied the prospect of synergy between the antimicrobial peptide p138c and non-peptide antibiotics for increasing the potency and bacterial killing kinetics of these agents. the production of p138c was maximized in the late exponential growth phase of bacillus subtilis csb138. purification of p138c resulted in a total of 4800 arbitrary units (au) with 19.15-fold and 3.2% recovery. peptide p138c was thermo-tolerant up to 50 °c and stable at ph 5.8 to 11. the biochemical nature of p138c was de ...201728581021
the highly conserved asp23 family protein yqhy plays a role in lipid biosynthesis in bacillus subtilis.in most bacteria, fatty acid biosynthesis is an essential process that must be controlled by the availability of precursors and by the needs of cell division. so far, no mechanisms controlling synthesis of malonyl-coenzyme a (coa), the committed step in fatty acid synthesis, have been identified in the gram-positive model bacterium bacillus subtilis. we have studied the localization and function of two highly expressed proteins of unknown function, yqhy and ylou. both proteins are members of the ...201728579978
photochemical synthesis of silver nanoparticles on chitosans/montmorillonite nanocomposite films and antibacterial activity.silver nanoparticles (agnps) were synthetized on chitosans/montmorillonite nanocomposite films by photochemical method. nanocomposites were prepared using chitosans with different molar masses and deacetylation degrees, as well as modified with diethylaminoethyl (deae) and dodecyl groups. agnps formation on the films was followed by the appearance of the plasmon band around 440nm as a function of irradiation time. tem images revealed agnps with spherical morphology for all nanocomposites. for na ...201728578955
new phenalenone derivatives from pinellia ternata tubers derived aspergillus sp.nine new phenalenone derivatives (1-9), along with two known analogues (10-11) have been isolated from the solid cultures of an endophytic fungus aspergillus sp. which was obtained from pinellia ternate. their structures were established through interpretations of spectroscopic evidence, and some of their absolute configurations were determined by electronic circular dichroism (ecd) and mo2(ococh3)4 induced ecd. all of the phenalenones are unusual acyclic diterpenoid adducts, which are diversely ...201728577908
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