Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| [mechanism of cap formation and its function in protein synthesis initiation (author's transl)]. | 1982 | 6287534 | |
| degradation of cowpox virus in hvj (sendai virus) carrier cells. | 1982 | 6289054 | |
| sequence studies of several alphavirus genomic rnas in the region containing the start of the subgenomic rna. | the alphaviruses produce two mrnas after infection: the genomic (49s) rna which is translated into the nonstructural (replicase) proteins and the subgenomic (26s) rna which serves as the mrna for the virion structural proteins. the sequence of the region of the genomic rna that contains the 5' end of the subgenomic rna and the 5' flanking sequences in the genomic rna were determined for several alphaviruses. a highly conserved sequence of 21 nucleotides was found which includes the first two nuc ... | 1982 | 6291034 |
| sequence homologies of diverse length tandem repetitions near ends of vaccinia virus genome suggest unequal crossing over. | the 180,000 base pair (bp), covalently closed, linear duplex dna genome of vaccinia virus contains a 10,000 bp inverted terminal repetition within which are one set of 13 and one set of 18 tandem 70 bp repeating units. a 967 bp segment containing the innermost 70 bp repeat and an adjacent region notable for a scarcity of restriction endonuclease sites has been sequenced. this was facilitated by the cloning of taqi and partial taqi fragments in pbr322. we found that the innermost 70 bp repeat ove ... | 1982 | 6292846 |
| mapping of the vaccinia virus thymidine kinase gene by marker rescue and by cell-free translation of selected mrna. | a selective plaque assay that uses thymidine kinase (tk)-deficient human 143 cells was developed to titer mixtures of tk(+) and tk(-) vaccinia virus. with this assay it could be shown that methotrexate-resistant tk(+) virus was formed in cells coinfected with tk(-) virus and wild-type virus dna. by substituting vaccinia dna fragments cloned in plasmids for virion dna, this marker rescue system provided the basis for mapping the tk gene. of the 15 hindiii fragments, only j could rescue five indep ... | 1982 | 6280173 |
| organization and expression of the poxvirus genome. | poxviruses comprise a large group of very complex animal dna viruses which replicate in the cytoplasm of infected cells. vaccinia virus, the most studied poxvirus, has a linear, double stranded dna genome with an approximate molecular weight of 120 x 10(6) (180 kilobase pairs). the two strands of the dna molecule are naturally cross-linked at both termini. in addition, the vaccinia virus genome contains very long inverted terminal repetitions of approximately 10 kilobase pairs which are further ... | 1982 | 6281055 |
| synthesis of vaccinia virus thymidine kinase in microinjected xenopus oocytes. | 1982 | 6294986 | |
| poxvirus dna. | 1982 | 6276099 | |
| construction of poxviruses as cloning vectors: insertion of the thymidine kinase gene from herpes simplex virus into the dna of infectious vaccinia virus. | we have constructed recombinant vaccinia viruses containing the thymidine kinase gene from herpes simplex virus. the gene was inserted into the genome of a variant of vaccinia virus that had undergone spontaneous deletion as well as into the 120-megadalton genome of the large prototypic vaccinia variant. this was accomplished via in vivo recombination by cotransfection of eukaryotic tissue culture cells with cloned bamhi-digested thymidine kinase gene from herpes simplex virus containing flankin ... | 1982 | 6289324 |
| a new nucleoside analog, 9-[[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxyl]methyl]guanine, highly active in vitro against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. | a novel nucleoside analog, 9-[[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy]methyl]-guanine (biolf-62), was found to have potent antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 at concentrations well below cytotoxic levels. for example, the patton strain of herpes simplex virus type 1 was susceptible at concentrations 140- to 2,900-fold below that which inhibited cell division by 50%, depending upon the cell line used for assay. different herpesvirus strains varied considerably in their susce ... | 1982 | 6289741 |
| restriction of vesicular stomatitis virus in a nonpermissive rabbit cell line is at the level of protein synthesis. | 1982 | 6287719 | |
| histocompatibility types and antiviral antibodies in a diverse group of individuals. | a study was made of the possible relationship between histocompatibility (hla) antigens of the a and b loci and antibodies to cytomegalovirus, influenza a (victoria strain), measles, rotavirus, vaccinia, and varicella/zoster. a large and diverse group of unselected individuals was studied. a possible relationship was detected between the presence of the antigen b15 and a lack of circulating measles antibodies. the study group was divided into three sections: (a) healthy individuals, (b) "renal d ... | 1982 | 6288632 |
| biogenesis of vaccinia: molecular basis for the hemagglutination-negative phenotype of the ihd-w strain. | 1982 | 6175083 | |
| immunoreactivity of long lived h-2 incompatible irradiation chimeras (h-2d leads to h-2b). | allogenic irradiations bone marrow chimeras made according to a new protocol with unmanipulated bone marrow are long lived, healthy and stable full chimeras (h-2d leads to h-2b). their immunocompetence is split. alloreactivity measured by skin graft rejection and mixed lymphocyte culture is within normal range. in contrast, major histocompatibility complex (mhc)-restricted t-cell-dependent primary responses against sheep red blood cells (srbc) or viruses are clearly deficient. the quantitative d ... | 1982 | 6211405 |
| mapping and identification of the vaccinia virus thymidine kinase gene. | the thymidine kinase gene of vaccinia virus (vv) was mapped on the viral genome by using cloned fragments of the viral dna to hybridize to early viral mrna. individual dna fragments that represented about half of the viral genome were assayed, both for their ability to arrest the cell-free synthesis of active vv thymidine kinase and for their ability to select functional mrna for the viral enzyme. both activities were located in hindiii fragment j, which maps near the middle of vv dna and contai ... | 1982 | 6287024 |
| the surface antigens of orthopoxviruses detected by cross-neutralization tests on cross-absorbed antisera. | cross-neutralization tests were done on accepted species and recently isolated members of the genus orthopoxvirus using antisera which had been separately absorbed with the various viruses. the results provided evidence for the involvement of four neutralizing antigens, and their distribution among 13 virus strains was determined. monkeypox (congo-8-lombe), camelpox (gorgan), ectromelia (mill hill), 'lenny' and elephant poxviruses had distinctive antigenic formulae. lister and wyeth vaccines we ... | 1982 | 6278058 |
| [comparative studies on susceptibility of viruses to ultraviolet rays]. | 1982 | 6283768 | |
| transcriptional initiation and processing of the small ribosomal rna of yeast mitochondria. | we have identified the nucleotide at which transcription initiates on the yeast mitochondrial small (14 s) rrna gene by sequencing of rna labeled at the 5' initiating triphosphate with vaccinia virus guanylyltransferase [alpha-32p]gtp (in vitro capping reaction). initiation occurs within the stem of a 12-base palindromic repeat. the initiation sequence has homology with the large (21 s) ribosomal rna initiation sequence that has been previously determined. we have also sequenced the 5' and 3' en ... | 1982 | 6281273 |
| evidence against involvement of host transcription in the replication of vaccinia and herpes simplex viruses. | 1982 | 6281970 | |
| the white pock mutants of rabbit poxvirus. iv. the late white pock (mu) host range (hr) mutants of rabbit poxvirus are blocked in morphogenesis. | 1982 | 6281977 | |
| purification of mrna guanylyltransferase from calf thymus. | mrna guanylyltransferase has been extensively purified from calf thymus. a gtp-binding assay was used based on the observations by shuman and hurwitz (1981) and venkatesan and moss (1982) that vaccinia virus and hela cell mrna guanylyltransferases bind the gmp moiety from gtp in the absence of an acceptor rna. the mol. wt. of the purified enzyme from calf thymus, estimated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sds, is 65 000. the major protein in the purified enzyme fraction c ... | 1982 | 6329686 |
| antiviral and side effects of interferons produced by recombinant dna techniques as tested in rhesus monkeys. | human interferon type alpha 2 (huifn-alpha 2) produced by escherichia coli was found to be as active as natural leukocyte interferon in protecting rhesus monkeys against intradermal vaccinia virus infection. huifn-beta 1 produced in e. coli had similar but less pronounced activity. huifn-alpha 2 induced fever but not leukopenia, while huifn-beta 1 had opposite effects. concurrent treatment with acetosalicylic acid and prednisolone/azothioprine combinations did not interfere with the efficacy of ... | 1982 | 6817709 |
| analysis of vaccinia virus transcriptional complexity in vitro and in vivo: characterization of rnase t1-resistant 5'-terminal oligonucleotides. | vaccinia virus mrnas synthesized in vitro and in vivo, polyadenylated leader sequences synthesized in vitro in the absence of added gtp, ctp, or utp or in the presence of 20 micrograms of actinomycin d per ml, and high-molecular-weight rna synthesized in vitro under limiting atp concentrations were labeled specifically in the cap structure using [alpha-32p]gtp and vaccinia-soluble enzyme extracts. the complexity of rnase t1-resistant 5'-terminal oligonucleotides was analyzed by two-dimensional p ... | 1982 | 6806483 |
| [reduced ability for the repair of dna damages induced by mutagens in cells from marfan's syndrome patients]. | 1982 | 6813088 | |
| vaccines for the future? | 1982 | 6763523 | |
| [stimulating effect of the vaccinia virus on the repair processes of dna damaged by 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide]. | 1982 | 6811236 | |
| antiviral activity of sodium 5-aminosulfonyl-2,4-dichlorobenzoate (m12325). | sodium 5-aminosulfonyl-2,4-dichlorobenzoate (m12325) was evaluated for antiviral activity in tissue culture and infected mice. at concentrations ranging from 2.5 to 75.8 micrograms/ml, m12325 inhibited the cytopathic effects of 10 mean tissue culture infective doses of influenza virus a/wsn, a/fm, a/kumamoto, and b/great lakes; parainfluenza virus; rhinovirus; echovirus; respiratory syncytial virus; and vesicular stomatitis virus. concentrations up to 150 micrograms/ml did not inhibit the cytopa ... | 1982 | 6927286 |
| molecular genetics of vaccinia virus: demonstration of marker rescue. | two genomic variants of vaccinia virus isolated from serially propagated stocks were used to demonstrate marker rescue. the smaller (s variant) virus contains a 6.3 megadalton (mdal) deletion of unique dna sequences present in the 123-mdal larger (l variant) virus. the deletion was mapped at 6.85 mdal from the left terminus of the genome, just outside of the inverted terminal repetition. rescue of the unique deleted dna sequences by infectious s variant virus was obtained in cv-1 cells by using ... | 1982 | 6951197 |
| sequence of terminal regions of cowpox virus dna: arrangement of repeated and unique sequence elements. | one terminal ecori fragment of the genome of cowpox virus (cpv) strain brighton red has been cloned in plasmid pbr325, and the nucleotide sequence of the 2,725-base-pair sal i fragment corresponding to that at the end of the viral genome has been determined. the fragment consists of three unique sequence regions flanking two sets of repeated sequence. the repeated sequence sets are composed of four types of subunits, the majority of which are arranged in higher-order repeat units. the subunits a ... | 1982 | 6961398 |
| [immunodepressive action of vaccinia virus]. | the hemolytic plaque test in mice was used to demonstrate that live vaccinia virus has marked immunosuppressant action. inactivated vaccinia virus produces no such an effect and even stimulates the output of the antibody-forming cells. the experimental data were found to be statistically significant. | 1982 | 6889898 |
| a phosphorylated basic vaccinia virion polypeptide of molecular weight 11,000 is exposed on the surface of mature particles and interacts with actin-containing cytoskeletal elements. | a phosphorylated vaccinia virus structural polypeptide of an apparent molecular weight of 11,000 (p11k) was isolated by preparative sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and used for antibody induction. after purification by antigen affinity chromatography, the immunoglobulins detected only one target of a rather basic nature in two-dimensional immune blotting procedures of total virion proteins. by use of a combination of biological, biochemical, and microscopic techniques, ... | 1982 | 6890583 |
| expression of vaccinia virus early mrna in ehrlich ascites tumor cells. 2. part of the polysomes at an early stage of virus infection are not bound to the cytoskeleton. | a method for preparing detergent cytoskeletons from uninfected or vaccinia-virus-infected cells is described. this method resulted in the fractionation of the cytoplasmic compartment into soluble and cytoskeletal fractions. more than 85% of small molecules and trna were released from the cytoskeleton and recovered into the soluble fraction. the cytoskeletal fraction contained about 40% of the cytoplasmic proteins and 67% of total cytoplasmic rna. similar values were obtained for vaccinia-virus-i ... | 1982 | 6891319 |
| induction of neonatal tolerance to h-2k in b6 mice does not allow the emergence of t cells specific for h-2k plus vaccinia virus. | thymocytes and spleen cells from c57bl/6 mice (h-2b) neonatally tolerized to h-2k alloantigens do not generate an anti-vaccinia response restricted to h-2kk when adoptively transferred to appropriate irradiated hosts. this is in sharp contrast to the case for negatively selected c57bl/6 spleen cells acutely depleted of alloreactivity. no evidence for suppression was found in cell mixture experiments. we have shown elsewhere that our neonatally tolerized animals have a centrally induced delection ... | 1982 | 6980965 |
| sequential analysis of the virus-immune responder characteristics of thymocytes from f1 leads to parent radiation chimeras. | the virus-immune responder characteristics of thymocytes, spleen and lymph node (ln) cells from (p1 x p2)f1 leads to p1 radiation chimeras have been examined sequentially at weekly intervals. adoptively-transferred thymocytes generate strong cytotoxic thymus-derived lymphocyte (ctl) responses from 28 to 100 days after reconstitution with bone marrow, which are almost invariably restricted to recognition of virus presented in the context of p1. this pattern of h-2 restriction is also maintained f ... | 1982 | 6981232 |
| the effect of cytochalasin d and monensin on enveloped vaccinia virus release. | both monensin and cytochalasin d reduced the production of infectious cell associated virus and infectious extracellular virus with the latter clearly being the more sensitive. the difference in yields were even more clearly seen if the yield of virus particles was monitored instead of yield of infectious virus. addition of 1 microgram/ml cytochalasin d or 1 microm monensin to the growth medium of vaccinia virus-infected cells inhibited the appearance of extracellular enveloped vaccinia virus (e ... | 1982 | 6891579 |
| biogenesis of vaccina: interrelationship between post-translational cleavage, virus assembly, and maturation. | 1982 | 7039091 | |
| viral tropisms in mouse brain cell cultures. | fourteen-day-old cultures of dissociated newborn mouse brain cells were infected separately with different strains of vaccinia virus and a strain of measles virus. using the indirect immunofluorescence technique we found that under the experimental conditions in these cultures both measles and the neurotropic strain of vaccinia infected oligodendrocytes whereas the dermatropic strain of vaccinia did not. astrocytes were neither infected by vaccinia strains nor by measles virus. | 1982 | 7043230 |
| genetic evidence for vaccinia virus-encoded dna polymerase: isolation of phosphonoacetate-resistant enzyme from the cytoplasm of cells infected with mutant virus. | phosphonoacetate (paa), at concentrations of 200 micrograms/ml or more, prevented growth of vaccinia virus in hela and bsc-1 cells. spontaneous vaccinia virus mutants, selected at high paa levels, were resistant to the antiviral effects of the drug. the action of paa was directed toward an early viral function, since the drug was inhibitory only during the first 4 h of the approximately 15-h growth cycle. conversely, significant reversal of the antiviral effects was obtained only when the drug w ... | 1982 | 7109036 |
| biogenesis of vaccinia: involvement of spicules of the envelope during virion assembly examined by means of conditional lethal mutants and serology. | 1982 | 7090181 | |
| problems in the disinfection of class 1 microbiology safety cabinets. | microbiology safety cabinet disinfection procedures using formaldehyde have been tested. tubercle bacilli were killed by concentrations of formaldehyde obtained by heating commercial formalin irrespective of whether the bacilli were in the cabinet free space or above the prefilters. however, bacillus stearothermophilus spore papers for for the testing of low temperature steam/formaldehyde sterilisers were almost never sterilised and a strain of staphylococcus epidermidis (nctc 7944) showed a res ... | 1982 | 7047573 |
| virus-cell interactions: nuclear magnetic resonance behaviour of intracellular water. | the water proton nmr spin-lattice relaxation time if measured in hep-2 cells in relation to the infection by different viruses (poliovirus type 1, coxsackievirus b-3, human adenovirus, measles virus, respiratory syncytial virus, herpes simplex virus, subtype 1, and vaccinia virus). the nmr properties of intracellular water allow the early detection and identification of viruses. a close relationship is shown between the nmr behavior and the mode of virus-cell interaction. | 1982 | 7121298 |
| interaction between vaccinia virus and human blood platelets. | the objective of the present study was to characterize the interaction between human platelets and vaccinia virus and to examine possible impairment of platelet functions. the vaccinia virus was selected for our model system because it lacks detectable neuraminidase activity. platelets were incubated with purified viral particles labeled with 3h-thymidine and binding parameters were analyzed. binding reached saturation with an average of 5 particles/platelet. it was not affected by the plasma bu ... | 1982 | 7059666 |
| incompletely base-paired flip-flop terminal loops link the two dna strands of the vaccinia virus genome into one uninterrupted polynucleotide chain. | the nature of the ends of the vaccinia virus genome was determined by nucleotide sequencing. our finding of terminal hairpins indicated that the linear double-stranded dna molecule consists of a single continuous polynucleotide chain. the 104 nucleotide apex of the hairpin contains predominantly a and t residues and is incompletely based-paired. these loops exist in two forms, which when inverted with respect to each other are complementary in sequence. both forms of the 104 nucleotide loop are ... | 1982 | 7060133 |
| mrna 5'-cap binding activity in purified influenza virus detected by simple, rapid assay. | reovirus mrna 5'-terminal caps were 3'-radiolabeled with pcp and as affinity probes for proteins with cap binding activity. a rapid, simple, and sensitive blot assay was devised that could detect cellular cap binding protein in a complex polypeptide mixture. by using this method, cap binding activity was found in detergent-treated influenza virus but not in reovirus or vaccinia virus. preincubation of capped reovirus mrna with purified cellular cap binding protein reduced its primer effect on in ... | 1982 | 7097854 |
| isolation and genetic characterization of temperature-sensitive mutants of vaccinia virus wr. | one hundred temperature-sensitive mutants of vaccinia virus wr were isolated from virus that had been mutagenized with 5-bromodeoxyuridine or n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine. a rapid screening procedure based on the ability of vaccinia virus to form plaques under liquid overlay medium was used to identify potential mutants among randomly picked plaque isolates or plaques preselected for their small size after temperature shift-up. the preselection technique resulted in a sixfold increase in ... | 1982 | 7143565 |
| carbocyclic analogue of 3-deazaadenosine: a novel antiviral agent using s-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase as a pharmacological target. | the carbocyclic analogue of 3-deazaadenosine (3-deaza-c-ado) has been synthesized and found to have antiviral activity in cell culture against herpes simplex virus type 1, vaccinia virus, and hl-23 c-type virus. it is relatively noncytotoxic at effective antiviral concentrations and is not subject to deamination or phosphorylation. it acts as a competitive inhibitor of s-adenosyl-l-homocysteine hydrolase, is at best a poor substrate, and does not inactivate the enzyme significantly. 3-deaza-c-ad ... | 1982 | 7097716 |
| persistent infection of friend erythroleukemia cells with vaccinia virus. | cultures of murine friend erythroleukemia (fl) cells, which are chronically infected with leukemia virus, were inoculated with vaccinia virus. the yield of vaccinia virus was determined by assaying plaque-forming units in mouse l2 cells, and the yield of leukemia virus was determined by measuring reverse transcriptase (rna-dependent dna nucleotidyltransferase) activity released into the culture fluid. although no facilitation of one virus by the other was detected, persistently infected cultures ... | 1982 | 6956893 |
| proteolytic activation of vaccinia virus for the penetration phase of infection. | 1982 | 7064342 | |
| complementation and genetic linkage between vaccinia virus temperature-sensitive mutants. | 1982 | 7080448 | |
| specific tumor immunity produced by the injection of vaccinia viral oncolysates. | 1982 | 7045531 | |
| 2'-5'-linked oligo(adenylic acid) and its analogs. a new class of inhibitors of mrna methylation. | most eukaryotic cellular and viral mrnas have a blocked, methylated 5' terminus, commonly referred to as a "cap." the 5'-terminal 7-methyl-g in mrnas is essential for their efficient translation in vitro and may also protect mrnas against exonucleases. we have explored whether enzymes which synthesize 5' caps of mrnas are targets for antiviral agents. we have reported earlier that the 5'-triphosphate of a broad spectrum antiviral agent, ribavirin, and the 5'-mono- and triphosphates of 2'-5'-link ... | 1982 | 7085610 |
| colinearity of rnas with the vaccinia virus genome: anomalies with two complementary early and late rnas result from a small deletion or rearrangement within the inverted terminal repetition. | the colinearity of rna transcripts with the vaccinia virus genome was investigated. cytoplasmic rna from infected cells was annealed to a cloned dna segment that extended from 9 to 15.6 kilobase pairs from the left end of the genome and contained approximately 800 base pairs of the inverted terminal repetition (itr). remaining unhybridized single strands of dna were digested with nuclease s1, and the lengths of the protected dna fragments were determined by agarose gel electrophoresis under neut ... | 1982 | 7086966 |
| [generalized vaccinia on the burned skin in an infant]. | 1982 | 7101925 | |
| endocytic capacities of kupffer cells isolated from the human adult liver. | 1982 | 7068115 | |
| specific secretion of polypeptides from cells infected with myxoma virus. | the polypeptides secreted from cells infected with myxoma virus have been studied. three virus-induced polypeptides were detected. one major and one minor polypeptide were synthesized and secreted in the absence of virus dna synthesis; one minor polypeptide was not detected in the medium under such conditions. all these polypeptides were glycosylated and one was sulphated. two precipitin lines were seen in ouchterlony tests examining medium from infected rabbit cells and using serum from rabbits ... | 1982 | 7119749 |
| histological and ultrastructural changes in skin following vaccinia virus inoculation in rabbits. | 1982 | 7106911 | |
| synthesis and antiviral activity of certain carbamoylpyrrolopyrimidine and pyrazolopyrimidine nucleosides. | following our recent discovery that 9-beta-d-ribofuranosylpurine-6-carboxamide (1) exhibits potent antiviral activity, we were prompted to synthesize certain pyrrolopyrimidine and pyrazolopyrimidine nucleosides containing a carbamoyl function (7a,b and 13). the key precursor, 7-(2,3,5-tri-o-acetyl-beta-d-ribofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-4- carbonitrile (8a), required for the synthesis of 7a was prepared from the corresponding 4-chloro analogue (4a). reaction of 4a with methanethiol, follow ... | 1982 | 7143371 |
| interactions between human neutrophils and vaccinia virus: induction of oxidative metabolism and virus inactivation. | the possible role of human neutrophils (pmn) as direct effector cells against free live virus particles was tested in vitro. oxygen consumption, production of chemiluminescence and "virus killing" by pmns was examined during and after incubation of cells and live or dead vaccinia virus with and without specific antibody. oxygen consumption and chemiluminescence production occurred with unopsonized live but not with inactivated virus and was greatly enhanced with opsonization. virus titers were d ... | 1982 | 7110771 |
| [immunological suppression of carcinogenesis in spontaneously hypertensive rats (shr) with t-cell depression (author's transl)]. | we have reported that a strain of shr have a selective depression of t-cell functions by aging, which may be due to an early appearance of natural thymocytotoxic autoantibody and a deficiency of thymic hormone. results presented here showed that the tumor incidence in shr by low doses of mca was higher than those in wka rats with normal t-cell functions. depression of t-cell functions in shr could be almost completely restored by allogeneic thymus grafts or injection of extracts from vaccinia vi ... | 1982 | 6978836 |
| equivalent decrease of h-2kk and h-2dk expression after vaccinia virus infection. | expression of h-2kk and h-2dk molecules was studied by indirect immunofluorescence on vaccinia virus-infected ls cells (derived from the l929 cell line), using d-23b and asa-21 monospecific alloantisera, respectively directed against the h-2.23 and h-2.32 private specificities of the h-2k haplotype. our study demonstrates that the increase in vaccinia virus-induced antigens on the membrane of infected cells (as a function of the multiplicity of infection) is associated with a concomitant decreas ... | 1982 | 6979585 |
| [antiviral action of natural rotenoids and their derivatives]. | 1982 | 7148523 | |
| [use of electrophoresis for the fractional separation of the vaccinia virus in a liquid medium]. | 1982 | 7157784 | |
| expression of vaccinia virus early mrna in ehrlich ascites tumor cells. 1. translation of cellular and viral early mrna in cell-free systems from uninfected and virus-infected cells at the early stage. | translation of cellular and early vaccinia rna in nuclease-treated lysates, derived from uninfected and vaccinia-virus-infected cells at the early stage, has been investigated. when using limiting amounts of rna no discrimination of translation was observed in the infected cells lysates; this conclusion was confirmed by sensitive rna competition experiments for translation in vitro and also when using two different fractionated systems for protein synthesis in vitro. this absence of detectable d ... | 1982 | 7151799 |
| localization at high resolution of antibody-induced mobilization of vaccinia virus hemagglutinin and the major histocompatibility antigens on the plasma membrane of infected cells. | we examined the consequence of simultaneous or independent binding of monospecific antibody to the hemagglutinin (ha) of vaccinia virus and the a-, b- and -determinants of hla on hela or raji cells or kkdk determinants of h-2 on l929 cells. the bound antibodies were marked by goat-anti-mouse (gam) or goat-anti-rabbit (gar) fluorochrome conjugates suitable for light microscopy and gam or gar gold conjugates, used in electron microscopy. specificity and amount of antibody adsorbed was ascertained ... | 1982 | 7130903 |
| vaccinia virus-induced changes in [na+] and [k+] in hela cells. | a flame photometric technique is described for determining average values for intracellular [na+] and [k+] in hela cells. ion measurements were made on unwashed cells disrupted ultrasonically in the presence of residual medium; corrections for the latter were made by measurement of extracellular volume in cell plus medium preparations using 125i-labelled polyvinylpyrrolidone (pvp) as the marker in an isotopic dilution technique. accurate measurement of the volume occupied by the cells was critic ... | 1982 | 7130948 |
| light and electron microscopic studies of the pathogenesis of vaccinia virus infection in mouse brain. | 1982 | 7145939 | |
| complete nucleotide sequences of two adjacent early vaccinia virus genes located within the inverted terminal repetition. | the proximal part of the 10,000-base pair (bp) inverted terminal repetition of vaccinia virus dna encodes at least three early mrnas. a 2,236-bp segment of the repetition was sequenced to characterize two of the genes. this task was facilitated by constructing a series of recombinants containing overlapping deletions; oligonucleotide linkers with synthetic restriction sites provided points for radioactive labeling before sequencing by the chemical degradation method of maxam and gilbert (methods ... | 1982 | 7143577 |
| functional differences between the external and protoplasmic surfaces of plasma membranes in activating vaccinia virus infectivity. | 1982 | 7147707 | |
| effect of glycosylation inhibitors on the release of enveloped vaccinia virus. | addition of 1 to 10 mm 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-dg) or glucosamine (gln) to the growth medium of vaccinia virus-infected cells inhibited the release of extracellular enveloped vaccinia virus (eev) without affecting the production of intracellular naked vaccinia virus (inv) particles. in contrast, inv infectivity (particles per pfu) was decreased sevenfold by 50 mm 2-dg. treatment with 2-dg reduced but did not eliminate glycosylation of the inv 37,000-molecular-weight glycoprotein. the kinetics of se ... | 1982 | 7077747 |
| translational control of early protein synthesis at the late stage of vaccinia virus infection. | 1982 | 7200677 | |
| [was the vaccinia virus, which was introduced into japan by dr. otto g. j. mohnike, used for vaccination in japan] (jpn). | 1982 | 11621001 | |
| expression vehicles used in recombinant dna technology. | we survey cloning vehicles whose function is to carry and express a gene in host cells including escherichia coli, saccharomyces cerevisiae and mammalian cells. in e. coli these include vehicles based on the lac operon, the trp operon, the rho leftward operon, and the reca gone; open reading frame cloning vehicles are also discussed, as are steps that can be taken to extrude a gene product from the cell and the use of plasmids with runaway replication. in s. cerevisiae we discuss vehicles based ... | 1983 | 14540892 |
| structural proteins and cell-free translation products of total rna and hybrid-selected rna from two dna variants of vaccinia virus. | two major variants of vaccinia virus, large (l) and small (s), differ by a deletion of 9.7 kilobase pairs. the structural proteins and the translation products of rna transcribed in vitro from each of these variants were analyzed by gel electrophoresis. recombinant plasmids were used to select rna transcribed from the l variant sequences corresponding to the deletion. this rna yielded translation products indicating that a minimum of 11 polypeptides, including two structural proteins, map within ... | 1983 | 6842683 |
| natural and experimental pox virus infection in the domestic cat. | three naturally occurring cases of cowpox virus infection in the domestic cat are described. isolate l97 was identified as cowpox virus on the basis of morphology, serology and characteristic cytopathic effect in tissue culture and on the chorioallantoic membrane of embryonated eggs. all three cases showed multiple skin lesions, slight conjunctivitis or purulent ocular discharge but there were no respiratory signs. two animals recovered, the third was put down as a stray. the disease was reprodu ... | 1983 | 6836897 |
| 3'-o-methylated analogs of 2-5a as inhibitors of virus replication. | we have explored analogs of 2'-5'-linked andeylic acid trimer (2-5a): 3'-o-methylated 2-5a, 2'-end modified adenylate trimer with deoxyadenosine or araadenine, methyl phosphonate and methyl phosphorotriester analogs as potential antiviral agents. for the treatment of virus infections, 2-5a and its analogs may serve in lieu of interferon, however, the use of 2-5a has two serious limitations: it is presumed to be impermeable to most cells, and moreover, cellular enzymes rapidly degrade it. methyla ... | 1983 | 6873284 |
| vaccinial osteomyelitis in a case of generalized intrauterine virus infection. | we report the case of a 14-week fetus who developed a generalized vaccinia virus infection after primary vaccination of the mother in the 10th week of pregnancy. special emphasis is given to the skeletal lesions, which have not been previously reported in prenatal vaccinial infection. | 1983 | 6687278 |
| the effect of attenuated vaccinia virus as strain on n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine-induced gastric cancer in rats. | the effect of vaccinia virus on mnng-induced gastric cancer in rats was studied. subcutaneous inoculation of the highly attenuated vaccinia virus as strain at intervals of 3 days from the beginning of the experiment showed prominent antitumor activity not only against adenocarcinoma induced by mnng in the glandular stomach but also against squamous cell carcinoma in the forestomach. both uv-inactivated vaccinia virus and the di strain of mammalian pathogenic vaccinia virus, from which the as str ... | 1983 | 6826635 |
| response of human lymphocytes to measles virus after natural infection. | the lymphoproliferative response to measles, mumps, and vaccinia virus-infected monolayers measured in seropositive adults by thymidine incorporation demonstrated that only 5% of individuals responded well to measles virus (stimulation index, greater than 5). possible explanations for this occurrence include a lack of sensitization, active suppression, or failure in long-term stimulation. to distinguish among these possibilities, we studied the responses to measles virus in 22 immunocompetent in ... | 1983 | 6832832 |
| pathologic effects of vaccinia virus on rabbit bone and marrow. an experimental study. | although viruses have recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of paget's disease and perthes' disease, little information is available regarding bone and marrow response to the presence of a noncarcinogenic virus. vaccinia virus was introduced into the medullary cavity of the femoral shaft of 30 new zealand white rabbits, and an appropriate control inoculation was performed. virus was recovered from the inoculation site in 50% of the animals at intervals to one month after inoculation. hist ... | 1983 | 6627792 |
| biogenesis of vaccinia: analysis by three-factor crosses reveals mutual influence on stability of drug resistance and temperature sensitivity when both markers occur in some recombinant virus isolates. | recombination analysis with 5 temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of vaccinia virus, relegated to the e category phenotype and mimicking closely the effects produced by the antibiotic rifampicin, was undertaken to determine whether the genetic loci determining this phenotype were clustered on the genetic map. optimum conditions for analysis were established with respect to the moi and duration of incubation. at an moi of 5-10, consistent values of recombination frequency (rf) were obtained, but b ... | 1983 | 6629697 |
| nucleotide sequence of the vaccinia virus thymidine kinase gene and the nature of spontaneous frameshift mutations. | nucleotide sequencing of a 1,300-base-pair vaccinia virus dna segment previously shown to contain a thymidine kinase (tk) gene revealed an uninterrupted reading frame of 177 codons capable of producing a polypeptide with a molecular weight of 20,102. mapping of the tk mrna by primer extension indicated a unique 5' end that precedes the initiation codon by only six nucleotides. multiple 3' ends within a 10-nucleotide region, about 30 nucleotides beyond the termination codon, were located by nucle ... | 1983 | 6842679 |
| inhibition of vaccinia virus growth and virus-specific rna synthesis by 3'-o-methyl adenosine and 3'-o-methyl guanosine. | the 5' triphosphates of the methylated nucleoside analogs 3'-o-methyl adenosine and 3'-o-methyl guanosine are rna chain terminators in vitro. however, anticellular or antiviral effects of 3'-o-methylated nucleosides or nucleotides have not been investigated. this is presumably because of the assumption that cellular kinases will be unable to phosphorylate the nucleosides. we report here that contrary to this assumption, 3'-o-methyl adenosine and to a lesser extent 3'-o-methyl guanosine are poten ... | 1983 | 6834481 |
| detection of amsacta moorei entomopoxvirus and vaccinia virus proteins in cell cultures restrictive for poxvirus multiplication. | 1983 | 6886468 | |
| hybrid vaccinia virus for mass hepatitis immunization? | 1983 | 6835381 | |
| infectious vaccinia virus recombinants that express hepatitis b virus surface antigen. | potential live vaccines against hepatitis b virus have been produced. the coding sequence for hepatitis b virus surface antigen (hbsag) has been inserted into the vaccinia virus genome under control of vaccinia virus early promoters. cells infected with these vaccinia virus recombinants synthesize and excrete hbsag and vaccinated rabbits rapidly produce antibodies to hbsag. | 1983 | 6835382 |
| electron microscopic study on vaccinia virus release. | fl cells infected with the ihd-w strain of vaccinia virus were studied by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. a large number of naked virus particles were found to accumulate beneath the host cell plasma membrane and to protrude from the cell surface. it was seen in some cases that naked viral particles were released by budding not only from the cell surface but also from the surface of cytoplasmic packets which were seen along the cell periphery. | 1983 | 6838377 |
| use of vaccinia, a dna virus, to study the role of dna incorporation in the mechanism of action of 6-thioguanine. | 1983 | 6860365 | |
| analysis of the hemagglutinin glycoprotein from mutants of vaccinia virus that accumulates on the nuclear envelope. | we isolated mutants whose vaccinia hemagglutinin (ha) accumulates on nuclear envelopes and the rough endoplasmic reticulum. mutant ha must be blocked at a pre-golgi step because it has high-mannose-type carbohydrates but no fucose. neither n- nor o-glycosidically linked carbohydrates are involved in the transport defect of the mutant ha, because tunicamycin, an inhibitor of n-type glycosylation, has no effect, and o-type glycosylation takes place in the golgi organelle. the unglycosylated form o ... | 1983 | 6861204 |
| effects of microwave exposure on the hamster immune system. i. natural killer cell activity. | hamsters were exposed to repeated or single doses of microwave energy and monitored for changes in core body temperature, circulating leukocyte profiles, serum corticosteroid levels, and natural killer (nk) cell activity in various tissues. nk cytotoxicity was measured in a 51cr-release assay employing baby hamster kidney (bhk) targets or bhk infected with herpes simplex virus. repeated exposure of hamsters at 15 mw/cm2 for 60 min/day had no significant effect on natural levels of spleen-cell nk ... | 1983 | 6870966 |
| [long-term persistence of the vaccinia virus in a child with a congenital skin disease]. | persistence of vaccinia virus which was isolated many times from the blood and skin lesions was discovered in a child vaccinated 6 years before against smallpox and suffering from bullous epidermolysis. the level of immunoglobulins a, m, and g was normal, whereas the titre of virus-neutralizing antibodies against smallpox was low (1:10) in the child, and reached 1:320 in his mother not vaccinated against smallpox. humoral immunity for other antigens was found to be unimpaired, the skin tests bei ... | 1983 | 6613093 |
| broad-spectrum antiviral activity of 2-beta-d-ribofuranosylselenazole-4-carboxamide, a new antiviral agent. | the relative in vitro antiviral activities of three related nucleoside carboxamides, ribavirin (1-beta-d-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide), tiazofurin (2-beta-d-ribofuranosylthiazole-4-carboxamide), and selenazole (2-beta-d-ribofuranosylselenazole-4-carboxamide), were studied against selected dna and rna viruses. although the activity of selenazole against different viruses varied, it was significantly more potent than ribavirin and tiazofurin against all tested representatives of the ... | 1983 | 6615611 |
| hierarchies of t cell responsiveness are reflected in the distribution of effector t cells in viral meningitis. | the vaccinia-virus-immune cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl) response, associated with h-2kk in b10,a(2r) [kkdb] mice, is much more potent than that occurring in the context of h-2db. this differential reactivity is true for t-cells recovered either from cerebrospinal fluid (csf) of mice injected intracerebrally (i.c.) with a low dose of virus or from spleen populations primed by intravenous (i.v.) inoculation of a large amount of virus. further stimulation of csf inflammatory cells in vitro for 7 day ... | 1983 | 6418125 |
| immune responses of dba/2 mice bearing melanoma tumors: cell-mediated immune responses after challenge with vaccinia virus. | cell-mediated immune responses in dba/2 mice bearing melanoma tumors (tb-mice) were measured and compared to similar responses in mice without tumors (c-mice). splenic lymphocytes from tb-mice had a reduced capacity to respond to both b and t-cell mitogens, but tb-mice responded to infection with vaccinia virus by developing a virus-specific cytotoxic t-cell response equal to that measured with splenic effectors prepared from virus-infected c-mice. nk-cell activity, as measured by the in vitro l ... | 1983 | 6607104 |
| the anticellular and protein-inducing activities of human gamma interferon preparations are mediated by the interferon. | 1983 | 6401779 | |
| smallpox conquered, vaccinia directed against hepatitis b. | 1983 | 6409790 | |
| [activity of the ciliate onychodromus acuminatus against vaccinia virus added to the medium of the protozoan]. | 1983 | 6431228 | |
| specific inhibition of vaccinia virus growth by 2'-o-methyladenosine: isolation of a drug-resistant virus mutant. | 2'-o-methyladenosine (am) specifically inhibits growth of vaccinia virus on cultured monkey kidney (bsc40) cells. specificity has been demonstrated by the isolation of an am-resistant mutant of vaccinia which forms plaques on am-treated monolayers of bsc40 cells under conditions where wild type (wt) plaque formation is inhibited. am inhibits virus growth at an early stage of infection; host shut off and early virus protein synthesis are inhibited by the drug. | 1983 | 6412452 |
| isolation, characterization, and physical mapping of temperature-sensitive mutants of vaccinia virus. | thirty-nine new temperature-sensitive mutants of vaccinia virus have been isolated, expanding a previously reported collection of mutants (r. c. condit and a. motyczka, virology 113, 224-241, 1981) to a total of 65. the 65 mutants have been assigned to 32 complementation groups, based primarily on a qualitative spot test described previously (condit and motyczka, 1981). representatives of each complementation group have been assayed for dna and protein synthesis at the nonpermissive temperature, ... | 1983 | 6577746 |
| construction and characterization of an infectious vaccinia virus recombinant that expresses the influenza hemagglutinin gene and induces resistance to influenza virus infection in hamsters. | a dna copy of the influenza virus hemagglutinin gene, derived from influenza virus a/jap/305/57 (h2n2) was inserted into the genome of vaccinia virus under the control of an early vaccinia virus promoter. tissue culture cells infected with the purified recombinant virus synthesized influenza hemagglutinin, which was glycosylated and transported to the cell surface where it could be cleaved with trypsin into ha1 and ha2 subunits. rabbits and hamsters inoculated intradermally with recombinant viru ... | 1983 | 6580632 |
| [protective antigens of the vaccinia virus]. | the comparison of the polypeptide composition of 3 vaccinia virus strains, l-ivp, b-51 and cm-63, has revealed that strains l-ivp and b-51 are similar in their polypeptide composition, while in strain cm-63 capsid polypeptide with a molecular weight of 34000 daltons is absent or has altered electrophoretic mobility. as the result of the isolation of vaccinia envelopes (from strain l-ivp) and the electrophoretic separation of their polypeptides in plates with polyacrylamide gel 10 polypeptides ha ... | 1983 | 6659766 |