Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| thermostable aminopeptidase from pyrococcus horikoshii. | from the genome sequence data of the thermophilic archaeon pyrococcus horikoshii, an open reading frame was found which encodes a protein (332 amino acids) homologous with an endoglucanase from clostridium thermocellum (42% identity), deblocking aminopeptidase from pyrococcus furiosus (42% identity) and an aminopeptidase from aeromonas proteolytica (18% identity). this gene was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli, and the characteristics of the expressed protein were examined. although endo ... | 1999 | 10218575 |
| changes in serum concentration of a serum amyloid p-like pentraxin in atlantic salmon, salmo salar l., during infection and inflammation. | a serum amyloid p-like pentraxin has been isolated from atlantic salmon. salmo salar l., based on its calcium dependent binding to agarose. the subunits of approximately 37 kda were all glycosylated and when covalently linked together formed a pentamer with disulphide bonds between all subunits. a specific rabbit antiserum raised against the pentameric form was used to follow changes in serum levels of the salmon pentraxin during infection with aeromonas salar and inflammation induced by escheri ... | 1999 | 10220069 |
| the gene encoding a periplasmic deoxyribonuclease from aeromonas hydrophila. | a gene encoding a deoxyribonuclease, dnsh, was cloned from aeromonas hydrophila jmp636. the predicted mature protein was very similar to the previously described extracellular dns from this organism and an n-terminal region corresponding to a large putative signal sequence was predicted for the jmp636 protein. inactivation of dnsii demonstrated that the dnsh protein was not present extracellularly in this strain. as dnsh degraded plasmid dna and was believed to have a periplasmic location, a dns ... | 1999 | 10220879 |
| [rapidly fatal prognosis caused by aeromonas sobria septic shock in a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome]. | 1999 | 10222675 | |
| fish macrophages express a cyclo-oxygenase-2 homologue after activation. | in mammals, the increased generation of prostaglandins (pg) during the onset of inflammatory responses and activation of immune cell types has been attributed to the induction of a novel cyclo-oxygenase (cox) isoform, termed cox-2, which is distinct from the well-characterized constitutive activity (cox-1). goldfish (carassius auratus) macrophages exposed to bacterial lipopolysaccharide and leucocyte-derived macrophage-activating factor(s) showed a significant increase in the generation of the m ... | 1999 | 10229670 |
| amine borate catabolism by bacteria isolated from contaminated metal-working fluids | four bacterial strains (tentatively identified as strains of aeromonas, pseudomonas, flavobacterium and bacillus) isolated from contaminated metal-working fluids were assayed for the capacity to utilize the borate derivatives of monoethanolamine (mea), diethanolamine (dea) and triethanolamine (tea). two of these strains, isolates av1 (flavobacterium) and cl1 (bacillus) were capable of growth on each of the borate esters with cell yields of 0.6 gl - 1 for av1 cultured on dea- and tea-borate, 0.3- ... | 1999 | 10594706 |
| the extracellular regions of psma and the transferrin receptor contain an aminopeptidase domain: implications for drug design. | the aeromonas proteolytica aminopeptidase (amp), pseudomonas sp. (rs-16) carboxypeptidase g2 (cpg2), and streptomyces griseus aminopeptidase (sgap) are zinc dependent proteolytic enzymes with cocatalytic zinc ion centers and a conserved aminopeptidase fold. a blast search with the sequence of the solved amp structure indicated that a similar domain could be found in prostate-specific membrane antigen (psma) and the transferrin receptor (tfr). when the psma or tfr sequence was input into the thre ... | 1999 | 10595564 |
| aeromonas abscess in an immunocompromised child. | an 11-year-old immunocompromised child developed cellulitis and abscess due to aeromonas hydrophila at the site of bone marrow aspiration after swimming in a freshwater lake. the patient required treatment with intravenous antibiotics and surgical debridement to eradicate the infection. both common and unusual organisms may complicate infections at the sites of percutaneous procedures. | 1999 | 10598672 |
| aeromonas-associated diarrhoea in bangladeshi children: clinical and epidemiological characteristics. | we studied the clinical and epidemiological features associated with aeromonas diarrhoea by a hospital survey of 7,398 children under 5 years of age presenting with diarrhoea. the data were actually based upon two cohorts from this survey, the majority of the data being identified from 405 (5.5%) in whom aeromonas was the sole enteric pathogen. aeromonas caviae was the most prevalent species, accounting for 32% (129/405) of all isolates. eighty-three per cent of children with aeromonas-associate ... | 1999 | 10605516 |
| size distribution of bacterial and fungal bioaerosols in indoor air. | the aim of this study was to determine the size distribution of bacteria and fungi occurring in the air of human dwellings. the concentration and size distribution of particulate aerosol, gram-positive mesophilic bacteria, gram-negative mesophilic bacteria and fungi were examined in 60 flats situated in the upper silesia conurbation, southern poland. the investigated flats comprised three quantitatively equal (20 flats each) groups: flats without additional emission sources of particulate aeroso ... | 1999 | 10607991 |
| dimer dissociation of the pore-forming toxin aerolysin precedes receptor binding. | the pore-forming toxin aerolysin is secreted by aeromonas hydrophila as an inactive precursor. based on chemical cross-linking and gel filtration, we show here that proaerolysin exists as a monomer at low concentrations but is dimeric above 0.1 mg/ml. at intermediate concentrations, monomers and dimers appeared to be in rapid equilibrium. all together our data indicate that, at low concentrations, the toxin is a monomer and that this species is competent for receptor binding. in contrast, a muta ... | 1999 | 10608828 |
| recent developments in fish vaccinology. | during the last 10 to 20 years vaccination has become established as an important method for prevention of infectious diseases in farmed fish, mainly salmonid species. so far, most commercial vaccines have been inactivated vaccines administered by injection or immersion. bacterial infections caused by gram-negative bacteria such as vibrio sp., aeromonas sp., and yersinia sp. have been effectively controlled by vaccination. with furunculosis, the success is attributed to the use of injectable vac ... | 1999 | 10614510 |
| monitoring the conjugal transfer of plasmid rp4 in activated sludge and in situ identification of the transconjugants. | a gfpmut3b-tagged derivative of broad host-range plasmid rp4 was used to monitor the conjugative transfer of the plasmid from a pseudomonas putida donor strain to indigenous bacteria in activated sludge. transfer frequencies were determined to be in the range of 4 x 10(-6) to 1 x 10(-5) transconjugants per recipient. in situ hybridisation with fluorescently labeled, rrna-targeted oligonucleotides was used to phylogenetically affiliate the bacteria that had received the plasmid. | 1999 | 10234817 |
| distribution of two hemolytic toxin genes in clinical and environmental isolates of aeromonas spp.: correlation with virulence in a suckling mouse model. | previous studies have shown that two hemolytic toxins, hlya and aera, contribute to the virulence of aeromonas hydrophila. a survey was performed to gauge the distribution of hlya and aera genes in clinical and environmental aeromonas isolates. for a. hydrophila, a. veronii biotype sobria and a caviae, 96%, 12% and 35% of strains, respectively, were hlya positive, whereas, 78%, 97%, 41%, respectively, were aera positive. all virulent a. hydrophila isolates were hlya+ aera+. this genotype was mos ... | 1999 | 10234831 |
| cytotoxicity of non o1, non o139 vibrios isolated from fresh water bodies in vellore, south india. | the samples of plankton, soil sediment and water from a pond, a lake and a moat respectively in and around vellore were studied for environmental vibrios. vibrios were isolated from all these specimens after enrichment in alkaline peptone water and subculture on selective media. non o1, non o139 vibrio cholerae, aeromonas spp. and plesiomonas spp. were isolated. there were no isolates of v. cholerae serogroup o1 and o139. representative strains of non o1 and non o139 v. cholerae from environment ... | 1999 | 10680299 |
| successful use of the medicinal leech (hirudo medicinalis) for the treatment of venous insufficiency in a replanted digit. | 1999 | 10731346 | |
| neem (azadirachta indica) extract as an antibacterial agent against fish pathogenic bacteria. | aquaneem, an emulsified product prepared from the neem (a. indica) kernel was tested against four pathogenic bacteria of fish (i.e. aeromonas hydrophila, pseudomonas fluorescens, escherichia coli and myxobacteria spp.) to test its efficacy as an antibacterial agent. growth inhibitory property of the product at 10, 15 and 20 ppm has been noticed and recorded. the percentage reduction of bacterial cell population was noted to be maximum on 9th day at 20 ppm concentration (i.e. 70.14%, 74.15% and 6 ... | 1999 | 10783742 |
| unusual case of aeromonas sobria cellulitis associated with the use of leeches. | 1999 | 10192721 | |
| evaluation of xylose-galactosidase medium, a new plate for the isolation of salmonella, shigella, yersinia and aeromonas species. | 1999 | 10192724 | |
| effect of florfenicol on the immune response of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | florfenicol, a drug effective against several bacterial diseases of fish, was tested for possible immunomodulatory effects. the aim of the study was to follow the kinetics of the immune response after vaccination with simultaneous oral antibiotic treatment. the fish were immunised with a commercial oil-based divalent (furunculosis/vibriosis) vaccine and were simultaneously given oral antibiotic treatment. the specific immune response was monitored by analysing the levels of specific antibodies w ... | 1999 | 10206200 |
| identification of aeromonas trota (hybridization group 13) by amplification of the aerolysin gene using polymerase chain reaction. | aeromonas trota is recognized as an important enteropathogen, and its haemolysin (aerolysin) is purported to be one of the virulence factors. rapid detection and identification of a. trota is important for early and specific diagnosis of the infectious diseases that it causes. synthetic oligonucleotide primers were used in a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique to amplify a species-specific sequence of the aera gene, which encodes the aerolysin of a. trota. a dna fragment of 622 bp was ampl ... | 1999 | 10208799 |
| quality of water--quality of life. | especially in developing countries, the problem of adequate drinking water supply is an ever growing one. public health programmes have been established to improve the population's health conditions, but these programmes require big financial means for guaranteeing adequate supply of potable water and medical therapy for sick people. too little emphasis is still put on regular testing of drinking water for microorganisms such as aeromonas sp. and vibrio sp. in a spot check analysis in various co ... | 1999 | 10659386 |
| [cellulitis caused by aeromonas hydrophila]. | we report the case of a cirrhotic patient with leukocytoclastic vasculitis who developed a rapid and progressive cellulitis with hemorrhagic bulla and sepsis due to aeromonas hydrophila, the portal of entry was the surgical leech of a cutaneous biopsy. | 1999 | 10686717 |
| detection, prevalence, purification and characterization of lecithinase of klebsiella pneumoniae. | lecithinase activity in klebsiella is a rare trait as out of 208 strains of klebsiella belonging to 3 species, viz. k. pneumoniae (168), k. planticola (29) and k. oxytoca (11), only 4 strains of k. pneumoniae produced lecithinase positive colonies on egg-yolk-agar. although cell lysates of 16 k. pneumoniae yielded positive results for lecithinase assay on egg-yolk-agar, 19 strains were detected positive for lecithinase with elisa using anti-lecithinase serum. release of up to 52.12% cell-bound l ... | 1999 | 10687289 |
| [antimicrobial resistance among species of salmonella, shigella, escherichia, and aeromonas isolated from children with diarrhea in 7 argentinian centers]. | the increasing levels of resistance of enteropathogenic bacteria against antimicrobial agents present geographic variations. we have analysed the antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates obtained from 4,364 children under 5 years of age with acute diarrhea, in 7 cities of argentina. diarrheagenic e. coli exhibited 74.5% of resistance against ampicillin, 64.2% against sulfametoxazole-trimethoprim, and shigella spp., 62% and 75.6% respectively. salmonella sp. showed 35%, 14%, 41.8%, 65.4%, 14.5%, ... | 1999 | 10932758 |
| combined infection of norwalk-like virus and verotoxin-producing bacteria associated with a gastroenteritis outbreak. | detection of multiple pathogens, particularly a combination of viruses and bacteria, is infrequently documented in outbreaks of gastroenteritis. this paper reports the presence of norwalk-like virus (nlv) and enterohaemorrhagic verotoxin-producing escherichia coli in one individual, and nlv and verotoxin-producing aeromonas sobria in another individual, both part of a large gastroenteritis outbreak. the causes of gastroenteritis in such outbreaks may be more complex than previously thought. | 1999 | 10892495 |
| virulence patterns of aeromonas eucrenophila isolated from water and infected fish. | six isolates of aeromonas eucrenophila--2 from water and 4 from superficial skin ulcer of cat fish--were examined for haemagglutination, serum sensitivity, chitinase production and enterotoxicity, and correlation, if any, between them; only one strain showed haemagglutination and was inhibited by both d-mannose and l-fucose. all the strains showed resistance to normal human serum, but produced chitinase; one of them elaborated inducible chitinase. all these strains caused fluid accumulation only ... | 1999 | 10892496 |
| characterization of virulence factors of aeromonas isolated from children with and without diarrhoea in tripoli, libya. | during september 1992-august 1993, stool samples from 157 children with diarrhoea and 157 matched healthy controls were examined for the presence of aeromonas and other enteropathogens. aeromonas strains were tested for haemolytic activity, haemagglutination patterns, and antibiotic susceptibility. in total, 62 aeromonas were isolated, of which 27 (17.2%) were from children with diarrhoea and 35 (22.3%) from healthy controls. only 23 (14.6%) of the diarrhoeal children and 28 (17.8%) of the healt ... | 1999 | 10897890 |
| virulence factors in aeromonas veronii bv veronii. | 1999 | 10897894 | |
| bacterial contamination of bottle milk in infants under 6 months in children's hospital, bangkok, thailand. | the bacterial contamination of bottle milk samples obtained randomly from 500 infants under 6 months of age who came to the out-patient department of children's hospital bangkok was determined by collecting bottle milk samples prepared at home following interview of their caretakers after obtaining their consent. bacterial contamination was found in 91.8% (459/500) of bottle milk samples. among the positive samples, 82.8% (380/459) contained enteric bacteria, another 17.2% were unidentified bact ... | 1999 | 10928374 |
| some emerging food and water borne pathogens. | emerging pathogens are those infective organisms whose incidence has recently increased or is likely to increase during the next two decades due to changes in demography, food habits, food technology, commerce, water sources and environmental factors. some important emerging food and water borne bacterial pathogens include listeria monocytogenes, campylobacter jejuni, yersinia enterocolitica, salmonella enteritidis, escherichia coli o157: h7, vibrio cholerae biotype e1 tor serotype 0139, vibrio ... | 1999 | 10810592 |
| numerical taxonomy of gram-negative, facultative anaerobic bacteria isolated from skin of turbot (scophthalmus maximus) and surrounding water. | a numerical taxonomic study of 473 gram negative heterotrophic facultative anaerobic bacteria isolated from skin of turbot (scophthalmus maximus) and its culture water was performed. the study included 53 type and reference strains belonging to the genera vibrio, aeromonas and listonella. the strains were characterized using 90 tests and data were examined by simple matching coefficient (s(sm)) and jaccard coefficient (s(j)). upgma (unweighted pair group method, arithmetic average) defined 66 ph ... | 1999 | 10794149 |
| in vitro susceptibilities of aeromonas genomic species to 69 antimicrobial agents. | a total of 217 strains representing all 14 currently described genomic species in the genus aeromonas were tested for susceptibility to 69 antimicrobial agents by a microdilution method. all species were susceptible to tetracyclines, quinolones, chloramphenicol, and most of the aminoglycosides and the cephalosporins, but were resistant to lincosamides, vancomycin, teicoplanin and some penicillins. in general, no significant differences were found that correlated with the taxonomic designation or ... | 1999 | 10794154 |
| site-directed mutagenesis of asp313, glu315, and asp391 residues in chitinase of aeromonas caviae. | site-directed mutagenesis was used to explore the roles of amino acid residues involved in the activity of chitinase from aeromonas caviae. kinetic parameters for 4-methylumbelliferyl-n,n'-diacetyl-chitobiose or 4-methylumbelliferyl-n,n',n"-triacetylchitotriose hydrolysis were determined with wild-type and mutant chitinases. chitinases with the mutations e315d (or q) and d391e (or n) were severely impaired and had dramatically decreased kcat. however, the effect of the these mutations on the km ... | 1999 | 10794597 |
| [bacterial origin of acute diarrhea in merida, venezuela]. | 464 stool specimens from children under 5 with acute diarrheal disease and other 149 specimens from the control group were studied from july, 1993, to may, 1995. the specimens were collected at the pediatric emergency department of the autonomous institute of the teaching hospital of los andes, mérida, venezuela. the presence of the internationally recommended bacterial, parasitary and viral agents was investigated. the commonest bacteria isolated as unique pathogens were: shigella (42.85%), shi ... | 1999 | 10887550 |
| identification of aeromonas strains of clinical origin with atypical phenotypical profiles. | a total of 47 strains of aereomonas isolated from patients with gastroenteritis was analyzed for 40 phenotypical characters and for evaluating the numeric taxonomy based on 27 discriminatory tests. it was proved that the clinical isolates showed a relative phenotypical distance and the groups of strains that had atypical profiles were compared with the type species by the present identification schemes. | 1999 | 10887556 |
| impact of an urban effluent on the bacterial community structure in the arga river (spain), with special reference to culturable gram-negative rods. | the arga river is an interesting system in which to study the impact of urban effluent pollution because it receives a single effluent in the form of wastewater discharge from the city of pamplona. to analyze the extent of this discharge, total bacteria, culturable heterotrophic bacteria, and gram-negative heterotrophic bacteria were enumerated and 409 isolates of the latter were identified. one sampling station was located upstream from the inflow, while five were located up to 30 km downstream ... | 1999 | 10907419 |
| diversity of culturable heterotrophic aerobic bacteria in pristine stream bed sediments. | more than 900 culturable, heterotrophic aerobic isolates were obtained from the sediments of a forested, pristine stream and analyzed using three classical microbiological tests: api 20e, amplified ribosomal dna restriction analysis (ardra), and fatty acid analysis. gram-negative bacteria comprised most of the heterotrophic aerobic isolates (66.7%), similar to other oligotrophic environments. the isolates were assigned to the genus level as pseudomonas, flavobacterium, micrococcus, bacillus, chr ... | 1999 | 10907425 |
| structure of in31, a blaimp-containing pseudomonas aeruginosa integron phyletically related to in5, which carries an unusual array of gene cassettes. | the location and environment of the acquired blaimp gene, which encodes the imp-1 metallo-beta-lactamase, were investigated in a japanese pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolate (isolate 101/1477) that produced the enzyme. in this isolate, blaimp was carried on a 36-kb plasmid, and similar to the identical alleles found in serratia marcescens and klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates, it was located on a mobile gene cassette inserted into an integron. the entire structure of this integron, nam ... | 1999 | 10103196 |
| biochemical characterization of the pseudomonas aeruginosa 101/1477 metallo-beta-lactamase imp-1 produced by escherichia coli. | the blaimp gene coding for the imp-1 metallo-beta-lactamase produced by a pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolate (isolate 101/1477) was overexpressed via a t7 expression system in escherichia coli bl21 (de3), and its product was purified to homogeneity with a final yield of 35 mg/liter of culture. the structural and functional properties of the enzyme purified from e. coli were identical to those of the enzyme produced by p. aeruginosa. the imp-1 metallo-beta-lactamase exhibits a broad-spectrum ... | 1999 | 10103197 |
| signature region within the 16s rdna sequences of aeromonas popoffii. | to identify a group of eight aeromonas strains of our collection showing ribotyping patterns similar to those described for the species aeromonas popoffii, 16s rrna gene sequence analysis was performed. results were in agreement with the dna binding values, and allowed the identification of a 'signature region' differentiating the a. popoffii strains from all other members of the genus aeromonas. | 1999 | 10188252 |
| dna probes specific for aeromonas hydrophila (hg1). | aeromonas hydrophila (hg1)-specific rapd-pcr fragments were investigated for their potential as dna probes. from 20 rapd-pcr fragment bands, it was found that two were specific to all isolates of aeromonas hydrophila (hg1) tested. cloning and nucleotide sequence determination of one of these bands showed that co-migration of similar sized amplicons had occurred and that this band (designated '7e') contained at least four fragments of different sequences. three of these individual amplicons had a ... | 1999 | 10063616 |
| an in-vitro evaluation of the activity of chlorine against environmental and nosocomial isolates of aeromonas hydrophila. | a chlorine preparation was tested against 34 strains of aeromonas hydrophila isolated from a hospital water facility and patients with nosocomial infections in a french medical school hospital. in-vitro bactericidal activity was determined by a macro- and micromethod, using specific interfering substances over a range of dilutions and temperatures, after 1 and 5 minute exposure times. a 10(5)-fold reduction in the challenge inoculum was taken as the criterion of efficacy. results obtained by bot ... | 1999 | 9949964 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of aeromonas jandaei, a. schubertii, a. trota, and a. veronii biotype veronii. | fifty-six isolates of four aeromonas species, which have been documented as causative agents of human infections or isolated from human clinical specimens, were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing using a microscan walkaway conventional (overnight incubation) gram-negative panel. the four species tested and the number of isolates of each were as follows: aeromonas jandaei, 17; a. schubertii, 12; a. trota, 15; and a. veronii biotype veronii, 12. all isolates of a. trota were suscept ... | 1999 | 9986836 |
| haemolytic-uraemic syndrome in an adult male with aeromonas hydrophila enterocolitis. | 1999 | 10069207 | |
| mortality of captive canadian toads from basidiobolus ranarum mycotic dermatitis. | twenty-six adult free-ranging canadian toads (bufo hemiophrys) were collected from northeastern north dakota (usa) during the last week of august 1994 and placed in captivity. during late december and january 1995, 21 canadian toads died. clinical signs included increased time sitting in water bowls, darkened dorsal skin, constant arching of their backs, and hyperemia and sloughing of ventral epidermis. the condition progressively worsened until death occurred within 5 to 7 days after onset of c ... | 1999 | 10073347 |
| identification and characterization of is2404 and is2606: two distinct repeated sequences for detection of mycobacterium ulcerans by pcr. | molecular analysis of mycobacterium ulcerans has revealed two new insertion sequences (iss), is2404 and is2606. is2404 was identified by complete sequencing of a previously described repetitive dna segment from m. ulcerans. this element is 1,274 bp long, contains 12-bp inverted repeats and a single open reading frame (orf) potentially encoding a protein of 327 amino acids (aa), and apparently generates 7-bp direct repeats upon transposition. amino acid similarity was found between the putative t ... | 1999 | 10074520 |
| [aeromonas septicemia]. | 1999 | 10088391 | |
| peroxide-inducible catalase in aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida protects against exogenous hydrogen peroxide and killing by activated rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss l., macrophages. | aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida expresses a single cytoplasmically located catalase which was found to be inducible by exposure to 20 microm hydrogen peroxide in mid-exponential phase resulting in a 4 fold increase in activity. subsequent exposure to 2 mm peroxide in late-exponential/early-stationary phase resulted in further induction of catalase activity which increased to 20 fold higher levels than those found in uninduced cultures. exponentially induced cultures were protected again ... | 1999 | 10089155 |
| the type iv aeromonas pilus (tap) gene cluster is widely conserved in aeromonas species. | nothing is known regarding the expression or function of the type iv aeromonas pilus (tap), which was recently identified following the cloning of a pilus biogenesis gene cluster (tapabcd). as a first step to determine the possible significance of tap for aeromonas virulence, the distribution of the tapa and tapd genes in hybridization group reference strains and clinical (n=42) and environmental (n=29) isolates was determined. homologues of tapa and tapd were present in all strains tested. hybr ... | 1999 | 10090854 |
| catecholamine enhancement of aeromonas hydrophila growth. | several species of bacteria have been shown to respond to the administration of norepinephrine and other catecholamines with increased growth (in culture) and virulence. in this study, we examined the effects of catecholamines on the growth of cultures of aeromonas hydrophila, a gram-negative bacillus found in brackish water. bacterial cultures were maintained in tryptic soy both, then washed free of medium and transferred to a bovine serum-supplemented minimal salts medium. treatment of a. hydr ... | 1999 | 10090855 |
| small subunit rrna gene sequences of aeromonas salmonicida subsp. smithia and haemophilus piscium reveal pronounced similarities with a. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida. | the small subunit ribosomal rna (ssu rrna) encoding genes from reference strains of aeromonas salmonicida subsp. smithia and haemophilus piscium were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and cloned into escherichia coli cells. almost the entire ssu rrna gene sequence (1505 nucleotides) from both organisms was determined. these dna sequences were compared with those previously described from a. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, subsp. achromogenes and subsp. masoucida. this genetic analysis revea ... | 1999 | 10092980 |
| appearance of imp-1 metallo-beta-lactamase in europe. | 1999 | 10093989 | |
| copper exposure reduced the resistance of the catfish saccobranchus fossilis to aeromonas hydrophila infection. | 1999 | 10094734 | |
| aeromonas species isolated from medicinal leeches. | aeromonas hydrophila infections are a recognized complication of the use of medicinal leeches. the authors performed an experiment designed to find a safe and practical way to sterilize the leech gut of pathogenic organisms. leeches were incubated for a 12-hour period in solutions of antibiotic effective against a. hydrophila. the incubations in the antibiotic solutions failed to eradicate pathogenic bacteria from the gut of the leeches. the authors examined cultures of bacteria isolated from th ... | 1999 | 10096618 |
| aeromonas hydrophila isolated from cases of bovine seminal vesiculitis in south brazil. | 1999 | 10098696 | |
| secretion of hemolysin of aeromonas sobria as protoxin and contribution of the propeptide region removed from the protoxin to the proteolytic stability of the toxin. | the sequence at the amino terminus region of the hemolysin ofaeromonas sobria is homologous with that of aerolysin of a. hydrophila. however, there is no homology between the two toxins in the sequence at the carboxy terminal region. it has been shown that aerolysin is secreted into culture supernatant as a protoxin. this proaerolysin is activated by the proteolytic removal of a carboxy terminal peptide. however, the role of the carboxy terminal region, which is removed in the activation process ... | 1999 | 10100744 |
| purification and characterization of cold-active l-glutamate dehydrogenase independent of nad(p) and oxygen. | l-glutamate dehydrogenase (gldh) independent of nad(p) and oxygen was first obtained from the psychrotrophic bacterium aeromonas sp. l101, originally isolated from the organs of salmon (oncorhynchus keta). gldh was purified by a series of chromatography steps on deae-sepharose, superdex 200pg, q-sepharose, cm-sepharose, and phenyl-sepharose. the purified protein was determined to have a molecular mass of 110 kda and a pi of 5.7. maximum activity was obtained at 55 degrees c and ph 8.5. the activ ... | 1999 | 10101290 |
| telomerase reverse transcriptase gene is a direct target of c-myc but is not functionally equivalent in cellular transformation. | the telomerase reverse transcriptase component (tert) is not expressed in most primary somatic human cells and tissues, but is upregulated in the majority of immortalized cell lines and tumors. here, we identify the c-myc transcription factor as a direct mediator of telomerase activation in primary human fibroblasts through its ability to specifically induce tert gene expression. through the use of a hormone inducible form of c-myc (c-myc-er), we demonstrate that myc-induced activation of the ht ... | 1999 | 10022128 |
| genetic characterization of a new type iv-a pilus gene cluster found in both classical and el tor biotypes of vibrio cholerae. | the vibrio cholerae genome contains a 5.4-kb pil gene cluster that resembles the aeromonas hydrophila tap gene cluster and other type iv-a pilus assembly operons. the region consists of five complete open reading frames designated pilabcd and yace, based on the nomenclature of related genes from pseudomonas aeruginosa and escherichia coli k-12. this cluster is present in both classical and el tor biotypes, and the pila and pild genes are 100% conserved. the pila gene encodes a putative type iv p ... | 1999 | 10024587 |
| destabilase complexes--natural liposome produced by medicinal leeches hirudo medicinalis. | electrophoretic analysis of destabilase preparation demonstrates the presence of protein combinations with mw 12.3, 25 and 50 kd. fraction (mw 12.3 d) is a monomer of destabilase aggregation having properties of micellar proteins and represents a stable lipid-protein complex, where the role of lipid component is played by the stable analogue of prostacyclin (mw 391 d). the synthesis of a low molecular fraction of destabilase is fulfilled with bacteria--symbiont of leeches aeromonas hydrophila. w ... | 1999 | 10027095 |
| resistance of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria cells to the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-binding toxin aerolysin. | paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (pnh) is a clonal stem cell disorder caused by a somatic mutation of the piga gene. the product of this gene is required for the biosynthesis of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (gpi) anchors; therefore, the phenotypic hallmark of pnh cells is an absence or marked deficiency of all gpi-anchored proteins. aerolysin is a toxin secreted by the bacterial pathogen aeromonas hydrophila and is capable of killing target cells by forming channels in their membranes after b ... | 1999 | 10029605 |
| the effect of diet on aerobic bacterial flora associated with intestine of arctic charr (salvelinus alpinus l.). | in order to extend the knowledge on the possible effect of diet on the gastrointestinal microbial community of fish, arctic charr (salvelinus alpinus l.) were fed diets containing high (23.7%) and low (6.4%) levels of carbohydrate. the number of viable aerobic and facultative aerobic bacteria associated with the digestive tract were not influenced by dietary regimen. a wide range of bacterial species was isolated, and the predominant bacterial species of both rearing groups were identified as st ... | 1999 | 10030010 |
| note: susceptibility to chlorine of aeromonas hydrophila strains. | the susceptibility of five aeromonas hydrophila strains and one escherichia coli strain to chlorine was studied under carefully controlled laboratory conditions. of the aer. hydrophila strains, two were from untreated water, two from tap water (immediately downstream of a water treatment plant) and one from the dsm collection. the study included disinfectant concentration (0.1, 0.2 and 0.5 mg l-1), ph (6, 7 and 8) and temperature (4, 21 and 32 degrees c) as controlled variables. the results indi ... | 1999 | 10030019 |
| the degradation of sodium o,o-diethyl dithiophosphate by bacteria from metalworking fluids. | the breakdown of sodium o,o-diethyl dithiophosphate (o,o-diethyl phosphorodithioate) by four bacterial strains (tentatively identified as strains of aeromonas, pseudomonas, flavobacterium and bacillus) isolated from contaminated metalworking fluids was shown to involve the successive formation of ethanol, aldehyde and orthophosphate. an acid phosphodiesterase was identified in cell-free extracts that was five- to sevenfold enhanced in specific activity in bacteria grown on o,o-diethyl dithiophos ... | 1999 | 10030034 |
| expression and properties of an aerolysin--clostridium septicum alpha toxin hybrid protein. | aerolysin is a bilobal channel-forming toxin secreted by aeromonas hydrophila. the alpha toxin produced by clostridium septicum is homologous to the large lobe of aerolysin. however, it does not contain a region corresponding to the small lobe of the aeromonas toxin, leading us to ask what the function of the small lobe is. we fused the small lobe of aerolysin to alpha toxin, producing a hybrid protein that should structurally resemble aerolysin. unlike aerolysin, the hybrid was not secreted whe ... | 1999 | 10048023 |
| co-expression of polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase and (r)-enoyl-coa hydratase genes of aeromonas caviae establishes copolyester biosynthesis pathway in escherichia coli. | polyhydroxyalkanoate biosynthesis genes of aeromonas caviae were expressed in escherichia coli ls5218 (fadr atoc(con)), and the polyhydroxyalkanoate-producing ability of the recombinants was investigated. a ls5218 strain harboring only phacac (polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase gene) did not accumulate any polyhydroxyalkanoate from dodecanoate in spite of the existence of translated polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase protein, whereas co-expression phacac and phajac ((r)-specific enoyl-coa hydratase gene) ... | 1999 | 9919653 |
| purification and characterization of an aeromonas caviae metalloprotease that is related to the vibrio cholerae hemagglutinin/protease. | a zinc metalloprotease (ap34) from aeromonas caviae was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation and subsequent gel filtration through sephadex g-100 and sephadex g-50 superfine. the molecular mass was estimated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to be 34 kda. the protease showed maximum activity at ph 7.0 and was stable at 60 degrees c. ap34 was completely inactivated by edta and zincov. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of ap34 showed a high degree of homology with ... | 1999 | 9919673 |
| prevalence and characteristics of aeromonas species isolated from processed channel catfish. | from august 1994 to may 1995, 238 channel catfish fillets collected from three processing plants in the mississippi delta at four time periods were tested for the presence of aeromonas species. identification of aeromonas spp. was accomplished using an automated vitek bioassay system with gram-negative and nonfermenter cards. approximately 36.1% were positive for a. hydrophila, 35.7% for a. sobria, and 10.9% for a. caviae. all three aeromonas spp. were found in all three processing plants, and t ... | 1999 | 9921825 |
| quantitative pcr for listeria monocytogenes with colorimetric detection. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa)-mediated polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique was developed to detect and quantify listeria monocytogenes in food products. the bacterial dna was extracted from artificially contaminated food and co-amplified with a synthetic internal standard (is) using primers specific for the target gene coding for the invasive-associated protein (i.a.p.), a virulence factor of l. monocytogenes (i.a.p.) or is in the presence of fluorescein-dutp pcr products we ... | 1999 | 9921826 |
| the cytotoxic enterotoxin of aeromonas hydrophila is aerolysin. | 1999 | 9925450 | |
| emergence of carbapenem-hydrolyzing enzymes in acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates. | 1999 | 10325396 | |
| important aspects of the colonization of central venous catheter. | this study comprises five different kind of venous central catheters, 103 in total, made of polyurethane tecoflex, polyurethane vialon, ptfe and pvc, and the influence of their raw material on the microbial colonization. patients age and sex, besides their clinical conditions, were taken into account, and neither considered as a sample vicious, nor associated with colonization. when the tips of the catheters were asseptically inoculated in tryptic soy broth and tioglicolate, colonization was det ... | 1999 | 10326311 |
| effects of chromium on humoral and cell-mediated immune responses and host resistance to disease in a freshwater catfish, saccobranchus fossilis (bloch). | the effects of subtoxic levels of cr on humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, blood parameters, susceptibility to bacterial (aeromonas hydrophila) infection, and macrophage activity in the freshwater air-breathing asian catfish, saccobranchus fossilis, during a 28-day exposure were examined by a static bioassay test procedure. at 0.1, 1.0, and 3.2 mg / liter cr, dose-dependent cr accumulation in kidney, liver, and spleen was observed at the end of the experiment. chromium exposure caused a ... | 1999 | 10330315 |
| rearing stable fly larvae (diptera: muscidae) on an egg yolk medium. | the growth and survival of stomoxys calcitrans (l.) larvae on egg yolk medium inoculated with bacteria isolated from a colony of stable flies was evaluated. five species of bacteria--acinetobacter sp., aeromonas sp., empedobacter breve (holmes & owen), flavobacterium odoratum stutzer, and serratia marcescens bizio--were identified according to fatty acid profiles using a microbial identification system. larvae failed to develop on uninoculated plates, confirming that bacteria are required to com ... | 1999 | 10337112 |
| presumed clostridial and aerobic bacterial infections of the cornea in two horses. | microscopic examination of gram-stained tissue specimens collected from severe corneal ulcers in 2 horses revealed large gram-positive rods suggestive of clostridium spp. clostridium perfringens was isolated from specimens collected from horse 1; anaerobic organisms were not detected in specimens from horse 2. aerobic bacterial culture revealed aeromonas hydrophila and enterobacter cloacae in specimens collected from horses 1 and 2, respectively. an insect exoskeleton was presumed to be the unde ... | 1999 | 10340080 |
| enumeration and confirmation of aeromonas hydrophila, aeromonas caviae, and aeromonas sobria isolated from raw milk and other milk products in northern greece. | a total of 138 raw cow's and 57 raw ewe's milk samples; 80 pasteurized cow's milk samples; 39 anthotyros cheese, 36 manouri cheese, and 23 feta cheese samples; and 15 rice pudding samples were examined for the presence and any countable population of aeromonas species. twenty-two (15.9%) of the 138 cow's milk samples analyzed were contaminated with a. hydrophila. in 13 of these samples, populations of 3.0x10(2) to 5.0x10(3) cfu/ml were counted in starch ampicillin agar (saa). eighteen cow's milk ... | 1999 | 10340665 |
| [spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and sepsis due to aeromonas hydrophila]. | 1999 | 10349797 | |
| kinetic behavior of some polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria isolates in the presence of nitrate and oxygen. | this paper studies the phosphate uptake by pure cultures of aeromonas hydrophila, klebsiella oxytoca, agrobacterium tumefaciens, and aquaspirillum dispar in the presence of both nitrate and oxygen. it is shown that species were able to respire both electron acceptors for phosphate accumulation. a. tumefaciens and a. dispar accumulated overall phosphate both in oxic and anoxic culture conditions, whereas a. hydrophila and k. oxytoca eliminated overall phosphate only in oxic conditions. a. dispar ... | 1999 | 10355118 |
| significance of cryptosporidium in acute diarrhoea in north-eastern india. | in a hospital-based study, stool samples from 2095 patients of all ages were examined for different fungal, protozoal and bacterial enteropathogens over a period of 2 years (july 1994-june 1996). cryptosporidium was detected in 151 specimens (7.2%) and was the third commonest pathogen found. the highest prevalence of this organism was in the group aged 16-45 years and during the rainy months (july-oct.). diarrhoea caused by the protozoon was of mild to moderate severity and features of dysentery ... | 1999 | 10359300 |
| evaluation of statens serum institut enteric medium for detection of enteric pathogens. | the efficacy of the statens serum institut (ssi) enteric medium for isolation and direct identification of enteric pathogens was evaluated. six different biochemical reactions can be read by using the ssi enteric medium, allowing direct identification of a range of enteric pathogens. all 248 gram-negative bacterial species that were tested grew on the ssi enteric medium. only 10 of 248 bacteria (4%) showed discrepant results in the biochemical reactions, and none of these were enteric pathogens. ... | 1999 | 10364603 |
| lapstatin, a new aminopeptidase inhibitor produced by streptomyces rimosus, inhibits autogenous aminopeptidases. | lapstatin, a low-molecular-weight aminopeptidase inhibitor, was purified to homogeneity from streptomyces rimosus culture filtrates. the purification procedure included extraction with methanol, followed by chromatography on dowex 50wx4, ag50wx4, and hplc rp c18 columns. by amino acid analysis, mass spectrometry, and nmr spectroscopy, the structure of lapstatin was shown to be 3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-methylpentanoylvaline. lapstatin inhibited the extracellular leucine aminopeptidases from streptomyc ... | 1999 | 10369895 |
| intramolecular chaperone and inhibitor activities of a propeptide from a bacterial zinc aminopeptidase. | an aminopeptidase from aeromonas caviae t-64 was translated as a preproprotein consisting of three domains; a signal peptide (19 amino acid residues), an n-terminal propeptide (101 residues) and a mature region (273 residues). we demonstrated that a proteinase, which was isolated from the culture filtrate of a. caviae t-64, activated the recombinant pro-aminopeptidase by removal of the majority of the propeptide. using l-leu-p-nitroanilide as a substrate, the processed aminopeptidase showed a la ... | 1999 | 10377241 |
| identification of inadequately cleaned equipment used in a sheep carcass-breaking process. | aeromonads deposited on pork during a carcass-breaking process were recovered on hydrophobic grid membrane filters placed on ampicillin-dextrin-ethanol agar. isolates from 85 honey-yellow colonies from filters on that medium were aeromonas hydrophila (95%) or vibrio sp. (5%). presumptive aeromonads, coliforms, and escherichia coli in swab samples from product passing through a sheep carcass-breaking process were enumerated by hydrophobic grid membrane filtration techniques with a detection level ... | 1999 | 10382653 |
| viable heterotrophic bacteria in water and sediment in 'mar piccolo' of taranto (ionian sea, italy). | samples of water and sediment were collected from october 1996 to september 1997 in 'mar piccolo' of taranto (ionian sea, italy). mar piccolo is a semi-enclosed basin subject to pollution and receives a considerable amount of sewage and industrial waste. qualitative and quantitative analyses of the composition of the microbial flora were conducted on samples from six stations. the highest bacterial densities, in water and in sediment samples, were found in summer and the lowest, in autumn. among ... | 1999 | 10389241 |
| identification of a pathogen-binding lectin in salmon serum. | a mannose-binding lectin was isolated from the blood serum of atlantic salmon (salmo salar). analysis by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under reducing and non-reducing conditions revealed a multimeric structure composed of 17000 mr subunits. hexosamine analysis and glycosidase digestion showed that the lectin is not glycosylated and amino acid analysis revealed no unusual compositional features. using ruthenium red staining, the lectin was shown to bind ca2+ ions. n-te ... | 1999 | 10390051 |
| enhancement of anti-aeromonas salmonicida activity in atlantic salmon (salmo salar) macrophages by a mannose-binding lectin. | we investigated the effects of a calcium-dependent mannose-binding lectin isolated from the serum of atlantic salmon on aeromonas salmonicida viability and the anti-a. salmonicida activity of atlantic salmon macrophages. in the absence of other factors, binding of this lectin at concentrations of 0.8, 4.0 and 20.0 ng ml(-1) to virulent a. salmonicida failed to significantly reduce (p> 0.05) cell viability. however, binding of the lectin to a. salmonicida did result in significant (p < or = 0.05) ... | 1999 | 10390056 |
| isolation and haemolytic activity of aeromonas species from domestic dogs and cats. | rectal swabs from 120 domestic dogs and 15 domestic cats were examined for aeromonas species using alkaline peptone water (ph 8.6) as the enrichment medium and blood agar containing 15 mg/l ampicillin as the plating medium. aeromonads were isolated from 13 (10.8%) dogs and from 1 (6.7%) cat. of the 14 aeromonads isolated in the present study only 9 were available for speciation and testing in the haemolysin assay. of these 5 were a. sobria (including one from a cat), 2 were a. hydrophila and 2 w ... | 1999 | 10391504 |
| pseudo-outbreak of aeromonas hydrophila isolates related to endoscopy. | over a two-month period there was a sudden increase in aeromonas hydrophila isolated from colon i.e., biopsies from patients without related symptoms. strains were studied by biotyping (api 20 ne, biomerieux), antibiotyping, plasmid analysis, sds-page of whole cell proteins and toxicity for cell cultures. all strains gave identical results. in particular sds-page of whole cell proteins showed an identical electrophoretic pattern for all the strains, and so all were considered to be of the same c ... | 1999 | 10392337 |
| structure elucidation of sch 20562, a glucosidic cyclic dehydropeptide lactone--the major component of w-10 antifungal antibiotic. | a novel bacterium designated as aeromonas sp. w-10 produces the antibiotic w-10 complex which comprises of two major and several minor components. the two major components from this complex, sch 20562 (1) and sch 20561 (1a), are of biological interest in view of their potent antifungal activity. the chemical degradation studies utilized for the assignment of structure 1 for sch 20562 are described here. some of the noteworthy diversity of structural features in this glucosidic cyclic dehydronona ... | 1999 | 10395274 |
| structure elucidation of sch 20561, a cyclic dehydropeptide lactone--a major component of w-10 antifungal antibiotic. | antibiotic w-10 is a fermentation complex produced by the bacterium aeromonas sp. w-10. the cyclic dehydropeptide lactones sch 20562 (1) and sch 20561 (2) are the major components of this fermentation complex and are of biological interest in view of their unique structural features and potent antifungal activity. the chemical degradation studies that were utilized in the assignment of structure 2 for sch 20561 are described here. the structure determination of 2 made use of the ozonolytic cleav ... | 1999 | 10395275 |
| a study of infectious intestinal disease in england: microbiological findings in cases and controls. | a study was undertaken to identify the microorganisms and toxins in stool specimens associated with infectious intestinal disease (iid) among cases in the community and presenting to general practitioners (gps) and in asymptomatic controls. population based cohorts were recruited from practice lists in 70 practices and followed for 26 weeks (cohort component). seven hundred and sixty-one cases of iid identified from the cohorts, 2893 cases who presented to gps in 34 of the practices (gp componen ... | 1999 | 10402744 |
| biochemical characteristics & secretory activity of aeromonas species isolated from children with gastroenteritis in chennai. | an attempt was made to delineate the phenotypic markers for the detection of enterotoxigenic strains of aeromonas. eighteen aeromonas species comprising one isolate of a. hydrophila, six isolates of a. sobria and 11 isolates of a. caviae were obtained from 379 children suffering from acute diarrhoea in chennai. nine of these isolates inclusive of three a. sobria and six a. caviae were found to produce secretory response in vitro in the rabbit intestinal mucosa mounted in the ussing chambers as r ... | 1999 | 10402760 |
| recombinant light chain of human monoclonal antibody hb4c5 as a potentially useful lung cancer-targeting vehicle. | recombinant lambda light chain of lung cancer-reacting human monoclonal antibody hb4c5 was expressed in escherichia coli. expression in bacteria ensured the generation of homogeneous light chain species devoid of activity-hampering n-linked glycosylation usually found in the light chain cdr-1 of hb4c5. molecular engineering was also employed to eliminate the c-terminal two amino acid residues, i.e., cys and ser, to prevent the formation of lambda light chain dimers which are less reactive than t ... | 1999 | 10405832 |
| high-performance liquid chromatography determination of residue levels on chicken carcasses treated with cetylpyridinium chloride. | cetylpyridinium chloride (cpc) has been found to be effective in reducing contamination of chicken carcasses from a variety of microorganisms, including escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella typhimurium, campylobacter jejuni, aeromonas hydrophila, listeria monocytogenes, and staphylococcus aureus. a procedure has been developed to determine residue levels on chicken carcasses after cpc treatment. for the analysis, chicken carcasses were extracted with 95% ethanol. the cpc concentration in the ext ... | 1999 | 10406212 |
| 1-butaneboronic acid binding to aeromonas proteolytica aminopeptidase: a case of arrested development. | hydrolases containing two metal ions connected by a bridging ligand catalyze reactions important in carcinogensis, tissue repair, post-translational modification, control and regulation of biochemical pathways, and protein degradation. the aminopeptidase from aeromonas proteolytica serves as a paradigm for the study of such bridged bimetallic proteases since its three-dimensional structure is known to very high resolution and its catalytic reaction is amenable to spectroscopic examination. herei ... | 1999 | 10413478 |
| biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates (pha) by recombinant ralstonia eutropha and effects of pha synthase activity on in vivo pha biosynthesis. | recombinant strains of ralstonia eutropha phb 4, which harbored aeromonas caviae polyhydroxyalkanoates (pha) biosynthesis genes under the control of a promoter for r. eutropha phb operon, were examined for pha production from various alkanoic acids. the recombinants produced poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) [p(3hb-co-3hhx)] from hexanoate and octanoate, and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate-co-3-hydroxypentano ate) [p(3hb-co-3hv-co-3hhp)] from pentanoate and nonanoate. one ... | 1999 | 10416652 |
| cloning, sequencing, and role in virulence of two phospholipases (a1 and c) from mesophilic aeromonas sp. serogroup o:34. | two different representative recombinant clones encoding aeromonas hydrophila lipases were found upon screening on tributyrin (phospholipase a1) and egg yolk agar (lecithinase-phospholipase c) plates of a cosmid-based genomic library of aeromonas hydrophila ah-3 (serogroup o34) introduced into escherichia coli dh5alpha. subcloning, nucleotide sequencing, and in vitro-coupled transcription-translation experiments showed that the phospholipase a1 (pla) and c (plc) genes code for an 83-kda putative ... | 1999 | 10417167 |
| the channel-forming toxin aerolysin neutralizes human immunodeficiency virus type 1. | aerolysin is a channel-forming toxin secreted by aeromonas spp. that binds to glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (gpi)-anchored proteins, such as thy-1, on sensitive target cells. receptor binding is followed first by oligomerization of the toxin and then by insertion of the oligomers into the membrane to form stable channels that disrupt the permeability barrier. human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) produced from t cells is known to incorporate thy-1 and other gpi-anchored proteins into its m ... | 1999 | 10417655 |
| hemolysin of aeromonas sobria stimulates production of cyclic amp by cultured cells. | hemolysin of aeromonas sobria possesses both cytotoxic activity against mammalian cells and enterotoxic activity. histopathological examination revealed that hemolysin causes diarrhea without damaging the intestinal epithelial cells. and the fluid accumulated in the mouse intestinal loop by the action of the hemolysin is watery. these observations indicated that the enterotoxic activity of hemolysin is not dependent on its cytotoxic activity. to clarify the mechanism of the enterotoxic action of ... | 1999 | 10418132 |