Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| [construction of novel recombinant strain harboring glycerol dehydratase reactivating factor capable of producing 1,3-propanediol]. | the dhab gene encoding glycerol dehydratase and dhag dhaf gene encoding glycerol dehydratase reactivating factor from citrobacterfreundii were amplified by pcr. the temperature control expression vector phsh harboring yqhd, dhab, dhag and dhaf gene was transformed into e. coli jm109 to yield the recombinant strain e. coli jm109 (phsh-dhab-dhag-dhaf-yqhd). the results from sds-page analysis show that the recombinant product was consistent with the molecular weight predicted from gene sequence. th ... | 2007 | 18051862 |
| preliminary report of nad+-dependent amino acid dehydrogenase producing bacteria isolated from soil. | amino acid dehydrogenases (l-amino acid: oxidoreductase deaminating; ec 1.4.1.x) are members of the wider superfamily of oxidoreductases that catalyze the reversible oxidative deamination of an amino acid to its keto acid and ammonia with the concomitant reduction of either nad+, nadp+ or fad. these enzymes have been received much attention as biocatalysts for use in biosensors or diagnostic kits to screen amino acid metabolism disorders such as phenylketonuria (pku), maple syrup urine disease ( ... | 2007 | 18051956 |
| [microbial diversity in scorpion intestine (buthus martensii karsch)]. | scorpion is an important officinal animal, and has a high nutritional value. in this study, the culture-independent and culture-dependent methods were used to investigate the microbial diversity in the scorpion's intestine. results based on culture-independent method showed the bacteria to be related to alpha, beta, gamma-proteobacteria. bacteria isolated by the culture-dependent method were high g + c, gram-positive bacteria. the genera enterobacter, serratia and ochrobactrum were detected by b ... | 2007 | 18062268 |
| the enteropathogenic e. coli effector espb facilitates microvillus effacing and antiphagocytosis by inhibiting myosin function. | enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec) destroys intestinal microvilli and suppresses phagocytosis by injecting effectors into infected cells through a type iii secretion system (ttss). espb, a component of the ttss, is also injected into the cytoplasm of host cells. however, the physiological functions of espb within the host cell cytoplasm remain unclear. we show that espb binds to myosins, which are a superfamily of proteins that interact with actin filaments and mediate essential cellular p ... | 2007 | 18078690 |
| decolorization of textile plant effluent by citrobacter sp. strain kctc 18061p. | citrobacter sp. strain kctc 18061p was found to be able to decolorize textile plant effluent containing different types of reactive dyes. effects of physico-chemical parameters, such as aeration, nitrogen source, glucose and effluent concentrations on the color removal of real dye effluent by this strain were investigated. the observed changes in the visible spectra indicated color removal by the absorption of dye to cells during incubation with the strain. this strain showed higher decolorizati ... | 2007 | 18187889 |
| automatic mapping of viable microbial cells distributed in the surface layer of cotton fabrics. | viable microbial cells distributed in a 130 microim thick surface layer of cotton fabrics were stained with a fluorescent glucose, 2- [n- (7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl) amino] -2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-nbdg), and automatically mapped with an ultra-deep focusing range microscope (udf) system. the software of the udf system was upgraded and the number of candida albicans cells could be counted at a higher precision than before. bacterial cells of pseudomonas fluorescens, serratia marcescens, and ... | 2007 | 17408006 |
| mutational analysis of nadh-binding residues in triphenylmethane reductase from citrobacter sp. strain kctc 18061p. | triphenylmethane reductase (tmr) catalyzes the nadh-dependent reduction of triphenylmethane dyes. sequence alignment revealed a region with a conserved gxxgxxg motif near its n-terminus, which corresponds to a conserved structural motif of known dinucleotide-binding proteins. to verify whether some of these glycine residues are important for the enzyme catalysis, these three glycine residues (gly-7, gly-10 and gly-13) were individually replaced by alanine using site-directed mutagenesis. the sec ... | 2007 | 17419765 |
| biochemical characterization of per-2 and genetic environment of blaper-2. | per-2 was the first detected and the second most prevalent extended-spectrum beta-lactamase in clinical pathogens isolated in argentina and was also reported only in other south american countries. citrobacter freundii 33587 was isolated in 1999 in buenos aires and was resistant to all tested beta-lactams except cephamycins and carbapenems. the strain produced both plasmid-borne tem-1 and per-2 (pi 5.4), which could be transferred by conjugation. by pcr screening, thermal asymmetric interlaced p ... | 2007 | 17438050 |
| desmosomes are unaltered during infections by attaching and effacing pathogens. | the human attaching and effacing (a/e) intestinal pathogens enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec), enteropathogenic e. coli (epec), and the murine a/e pathogen citrobacter rodentium cause serious diarrhea in their hosts. these bacteria alter numerous host cell components, including organelles, the host cell cytoskeleton, and tight junctions during the infectious process. one of the proteins that contribute to the intermediate filament network in host cells, cytokeratin-18, is extensively alt ... | 2007 | 17441212 |
| virulence is positively selected by transmission success between mammalian hosts. | virulence, defined as damage to the host, is a trait of pathogens that evolutionary theory suggests benefits the pathogen in the "struggle for existence". pathogens employ virulence mechanisms that contribute to disease. central to the evolution of virulence of the infectious agents causing an array of bacterial disease is the evolutionary acquisition of type iii secretion, a macromolecular complex that creates a syringe-like apparatus extending from the bacterial cytosol to the eukaryotic cytos ... | 2007 | 17442572 |
| rupture of infected peripancreatic necrosis to the peritoneal cavity with fatal outcome. | 2007 | 17446850 | |
| glycophorin a is recognized by an antibody population of the rabbit polyclonal antibodies produced against citrobacter braakii o37. | molecular mimicry was found in the case of citrobacter braakii o37, which shares epitopes with human erythrocytes. it is believed that erythrocyte-membrane proteins band 3 and glycophorin a (gpa) have common epitopes. band 3 was recognized by the anti-c. braakii o37 lipopolysaccharide antibodies (lps-abs) purified on lps-affinity columns. this study aimed to investigate the role of gpa in this molecular mimicry. | 2007 | 17446956 |
| surface charge influences enterococcal prevalence in mixed-species biofilms. | to study the influence of 15 microbial isolates on the prevalence of charge-heterogeneous and charge-homogeneous enterococcus faecalis strains, all isolated from biliary stents, in mixed-species biofilms. | 2007 | 17448160 |
| periodontal disease as reservoir for multi-resistant and hydrolytic enterobacterial species. | this investigation aimed to isolate enteric rods from subgingival sites of patients presenting chronic periodontitis lesions, and to assess antimicrobial resistance and expression of hydrolytic enzymes. | 2007 | 17451514 |
| [extended spectrum beta lactamases (esbl) production in acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from chilean hospitals belonging to viii region]. | the resistance of acinetobacter baumannii to ss-lactam antibiotics is mainly due to the synthesis of ss-lactamases. from a clinical point of view, this bacteria and others, grouped under the acronym space (s: serratia, p: pseudomonas, a: acinetobacter, c: citrobacter, e: enterobacter) are essentially amp-c ss-lactamases producers. there is no local information about esbl presence in acinetobacter. we studied esbl production using the ho and col. technique modified by adding cloxacillin as chromo ... | 2007 | 17453072 |
| prevalence of community-occurring extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae in brazil. | the occurrence of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing strains in the community was investigated in a private laboratory located in juiz de fora, brazil. all enterobacterial isolates analysed were collected from urine of human patients between the years 2000 and 2002. esbl production was confirmed by double disk screening, combination disk method, and etest esbl strip. the isoelectric point of each beta-lactamase was determined in the crude extracts from each isolate. detection of e ... | 2007 | 17457648 |
| evolution of bacterial arteritis into a mycotic aortic aneurysm. | arteritis and mycotic aneurysms have been well described for more than 100 years. the authors report a case of bacterial arteritis that presented with pneumatosis of the aortic wall and that evolved over 1 week into an infected abdominal aortic aneurysm. this case documents the rapid progression from arteritis to mycotic aneurysm, highlighting the need for close radiologic follow-up and aggressive medical and surgical management. | 2007 | 17463210 |
| analysis of the expression, regulation and export of nlea-e in escherichia coli o157 : h7. | previous work has shown that locus of enterocyte effacement (lee)-encoded effector proteins such as tir and map can be exported via the type iii secretion system (t3ss) of escherichia coli o157 : h7. additionally, a family of non-lee-encoded (nle) effector proteins has been shown to be secreted from citrobacter rodentium, homologues of which are located on the e. coli o157 chromosome. while nlea has been shown to be secreted from pathogenic e. coli, the secretion of other nle effector proteins h ... | 2007 | 17464049 |
| a rapid and efficient method for cloning genes of type ii restriction-modification systems by use of a killer plasmid. | we present a method for cloning restriction-modification (r-m) systems that is based on the use of a lethal plasmid (pkiller). the plasmid carries a functional gene for a restriction endonuclease having the same dna specificity as the r-m system of interest. the first step is the standard preparation of a representative, plasmid-borne genomic library. then this library is transformed with the killer plasmid. the only surviving bacteria are those which carry the gene specifying a protective dna m ... | 2007 | 17468281 |
| development of fatal colitis in fvb mice infected with citrobacter rodentium. | citrobacter rodentium is the causative agent of transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia. the disease is characterized by severe but temporary epithelial hyperplasia with limited inflammation in the descending colon of adult mice on a variety of genetic backgrounds. the natural history of infection with this murine pathogen has been characterized in outbred swiss webster (sw) mice but not in the cognate inbred fvb strain. in contrast to subclinical infection in sw mice, 12-week-old fvb mice deve ... | 2007 | 17470543 |
| differentiation of enterobacter sakazakii from closely related enterobacter and citrobacter species using fatty acid profiles. | capillary gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (gc-fid) was used to determine the cellular fatty acid (cfa) profiles of 134 enterobacter sakazakii strains, and these were compared to the cfa profiles of other closely related enterobacter and citrobacter species. for gc-fid analysis, whole cell fatty acid methyl esters (fames) from cells cultured on brain heart infusion (bhi) agar at 37 degrees c for 24 h were obtained by saponification, methylation, and extraction into hexane/methy ... | 2007 | 17472390 |
| microbial community structure of ethanol type fermentation in bio-hydrogen production. | three continuous stirred-tank reactors (cstrs) were used for h(2) production from molasses wastewater at influent ph of 6.0-6.5 (reactor a), 5.5-6.0 (reactor b), or 4.0-4.5 (reactor c). after operation for 28 days, the microbial community formed ethanol type (c), propionate type (a) and ethanol-butyrate-mixed type (b) fermentation. the h(2) production rate was the highest for ethanol type fermentation, 0.40 l (g vss)(-1) day(-1) or 0.45 l h(2) (g cod removed)(-1). microbial community dynamics an ... | 2007 | 17472628 |
| tir phosphorylation and nck/n-wasp recruitment by enteropathogenic and enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli during ex vivo colonization of human intestinal mucosa is different to cell culture models. | tir, the translocated intimin receptor of enteropathogenic and enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli (epec and ehec) and citrobacter rodentium, is translocated into the host cell by a filamentous type iii secretion system. epithelial cell culture has demonstrated that tir tyrosine phosphorylation is necessary for attaching effacing (a/e) lesion formation by epec and c. rodentium, but is not required by ehec o157:h7. recent in vivo work on c. rodentium has reported that tir translocation, but not i ... | 2007 | 17474908 |
| occurrence of strains producing specific antibacterial inhibitory agents in five genera of enterobacteriaceae. | striking differences in the production of specific inhibitory agents affecting other strains of the same (or of related) species were found between genera of the family enterobacteriaceae. we tested 50-163 strains each of the potentially pathogenic genera: escherichia, citrobacter, enterobacter, kluyvera, and leclercia for their ability to produce bacteriophages, high-molecular-weight (hmw) and low-molecular-weight (lmw) bacteriocins and siderophores against the same sets of strains, using the c ... | 2007 | 17211543 |
| emergence of arma and rmtb aminoglycoside resistance 16s rrna methylases in belgium. | 16s rrna methylase-mediated high-level resistance to aminoglycosides has been reported recently in clinical isolates of gram-negative bacilli only from a limited number of countries. this study was conducted to investigate the occurrence of this type of resistance in clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae from two belgian hospitals and the characteristics of the strains. | 2007 | 17224412 |
| spontaneous citrobacter freundii infection in an immunocompetent patient. | 2007 | 17224563 | |
| real-time pcr method for salmonella spp. targeting the stn gene. | to develop a real-time pcr assay for salmonella spp. targeting the stn gene. | 2007 | 17241358 |
| chromosome-encoded narrow-spectrum ambler class a beta-lactamase gil-1 from citrobacter gillenii. | a novel beta-lactamase gene was cloned from the whole-cell dna of an enterobacterial citrobacter gillenii reference strain that displayed a weak narrow-spectrum beta-lactam-resistant phenotype and was expressed in escherichia coli. it encoded a clavulanic acid-inhibited ambler class a beta-lactamase, gil-1, with a pi value of 7.5 and a molecular mass of ca. 29 kda. gil-1 had the highest percent amino acid sequence identity with tem-1 and shv-1, 77%, and 67%, respectively, and only 46%, 31%, and ... | 2007 | 17242148 |
| predictors of in-hospital mortality for bloodstream infections caused by enterobacter species or citrobacter freundii. | to identify predictors of in-hospital mortality among patients with bacteremia caused by enterobacter cloacae, enterobacter aerogenes, or citrobacter freundii. | 2007 | 17253909 |
| first identification of pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates producing a kpc-type carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase. | in medellin, colombia, three pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates with high-level carbapenem resistance (mic>or=256 microg/ml) and an isolate of citrobacter freundii with reduced susceptibility to imipenem produced the plasmid-mediated class a carbapenemase kpc-2. this is the first report of a kpc-type beta-lactamase identified outside of the family enterobacteriaceae. | 2007 | 17261621 |
| detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases among enterobacteriaceae by use of semiautomated microbiology systems and manual detection procedures. | three commercially available microbiology identification and susceptibility testing systems were compared with regard to their ability to detect extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) production in enterobacteriaceae, i.e., the phoenix automated microbiology system (bd diagnostic systems, sparks, md), the vitek 2 system (biomérieux, marcy l'etoile, france), and the microscan walkaway-96 system (dade behring, inc., west sacramento, ca), using routine testing panels. one hundred fifty putative es ... | 2007 | 17287329 |
| characterization of the gene encoding the 16s rrna of enterobacter sakazakii and development of a species-specific pcr method. | the gene encoding the 16s rrna of enterobacter (e.) sakazakii (atcc 29544, plus four strains isolated from powdered infant formula) was studied, and the sequence compared with those of other enterobacteriaceae in aspects of genetic variability. sequence differences between e. sakazakii and other enterobacteriaceae within the hypervariable regions v1, v2, and v3, respectively, were used to develop two pcr methods for e. sakazakii. pcr1 employed a primer pair located in v1/v2, while pcr2 utilized ... | 2007 | 17289198 |
| evaluation of a new selective chromogenic agar medium for detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae. | a novel chromogenic agar medium (esbl-bx; biomérieux, marcy l'etoile, france) was compared to macconkey agar supplemented with 2 mg ceftazidime/liter (mckc) for the selective isolation and presumptive identification of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing enterobacteriaceae directly from clinical samples. of a total of 644 clinical specimens (including 551 fecal samples), 496 yielded no growth and 148 yielded growth on one or both media. overall, 44 esbl-producing enterobacteriaceae ... | 2007 | 17182756 |
| both sulfate-reducing bacteria and enterobacteriaceae take part in marine biocorrosion of carbon steel. | in order to evaluate the part played in biocorrosion by microbial groups other than sulfate-reducing bacteria (srb), we characterized the phylogenetic diversity of a corrosive marine biofilm attached to a harbour pile structure as well as to carbon steel surfaces (coupons) immersed in seawater for increasing time periods (1 and 8 months). we thus experimentally checked corroding abilities of defined species mixtures. | 2007 | 17184331 |
| activity of faropenem against cephalosporin-resistant enterobacteriaceae. | there is a need for new oral agents active against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) producers, as these increasingly cause community-onset infections. we therefore evaluated faropenem, a penem in phase iii development, against recently collected oxyimino-cephalosporin-resistant bacteria. | 2007 | 17353220 |
| first detection of a vim-1 metallo-beta-lactamase in a carbapenem-resistant citrobacter freundii clinical isolate in an acute hospital in germany. | we report the first detection of a carbapenem-resistant citrobacter freundii clinical strain in germany. it was isolated from an abscess of a patient with acute necrotic pancreatitis in an acute hospital. pcr and sequencing experiments revealed that the carbapenem resistance was mediated by a vim-1 metallo-beta-lactamase, located on a plasmid encoded class 1 integron. carbapenem resistance in enterobacteriaceae is so far a rare event and 1 of the major therapeutic concerns in the future. | 2007 | 17366062 |
| functional studies of intimin in vivo and ex vivo: implications for host specificity and tissue tropism. | intimin is an outer-membrane adhesin that is essential for colonization of the host gastrointestinal tract by attaching and effacing pathogens including enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec), enterohaemorrhagic e. coli (ehec) and citrobacter rodentium (cr). the n-terminus of intimin from the different strains is highly conserved while the c-terminus, which harnesses the active receptor-binding site, shows sequence and antigenic polymorphism. this diversity was used to define a number of disti ... | 2007 | 17379706 |
| dissemination and persistence of a plasmid-mediated tem-3-like beta-lactamase, tem-139, among enterobacteriaceae in bulgaria. | during a survey of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls) in bulgaria from 1996 to 2003, a tem-3-like esbl was detected in strains of klebsiella pneumoniae, escherichia coli, citrobacter freundii and klebsiella oxytoca from three centres in three different towns. the nucleotide sequence of the cloned gene was identical to that of tem-3, except for one substitution (c347a) causing an amino acid exchange at position 49 from leucine to methionine. this tem-3 variant with both a unique nucleotide ... | 2007 | 17382521 |
| pathogens in early-onset and late-onset intensive care unit-acquired pneumonia. | to compare the type of pathogens isolated from patients with early-onset intensive care unit (icu)-acquired pneumonia with those isolated from patients with late-onset icu-acquired pneumonia and to study risk factors for the isolation of pathogens that are potentially resistant to multiple drugs. | 2007 | 17385143 |
| actinomyces meyeri osteomyelitis of the symphysis pubis following pubovaginal sling. | previous reports of pubic osteomyelitis associated with bone anchors describe symptoms presenting 10 days to 12 months postoperatively with typical pathogens including streptococcus, staphylococcus, citrobacter, and pseudomonas (fitzgerald et al., int urogynecol j 10:346-348, 1999 enzler et al., j bone jt surg am 81-a(12):1736-1740, 1999; graham and dmochowski, j urol 168:2055-2058, 2004; fialkow et al., urology 64(6):1127-1132, 2004; matkov et al., j urol 160(4):1427, 1998). this case illustrat ... | 2007 | 17404680 |
| evaluation of phoenix automated microbiology system for detecting extended-spectrum beta-lactamases among chromosomal ampc-producing enterobacter cloacae, enterobacter aerogenes, citrobacter freundii, and serratia marcescens. | we evaluated the bd phoenix extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) detection test among chromosomal ampc-producing enterobacter cloacae, enterobacter aerogenes, citrobacter freundii, and serratia marcescens. the study was conducted on 72 non-repetitive esbl producers (33 e. cloacae, 13 e. aerogenes, 14 c. freundii, and 12 s. marcescens) and 77 esbl non-producers (33 e. cloacae, 9 e. aerogenes, 6 c. freundii, and 29 s. marcescens). the organisms were selected as suspected esbl-producers based on ... | 2007 | 17311873 |
| combined challenge of mice with citrobacter rodentium and ionizing radiation promotes bacterial translocation. | both enteric infection and exposure to ionizing radiation are associated with increased intestinal permeability. however, the combined effect of irradiation and enteric infection has not been described. we combined infection of mice with the enteric pathogen, citrobacter rodentium, with exposure to ionizing radiation and assessed the impact on colonic epithelial ion transport, permeability and bacterial translocation. | 2007 | 17487677 |
| clinical and molecular epidemiology of multidrug-resistant citrobacter spp. infections in a french university hospital. | 2007 | 17516102 | |
| microbial and clinical determinants of time-to-positivity in patients with bacteraemia. | time-to-positivity is useful in the diagnosis of catheter-related bacteraemia and as a predictor of an endovascular source in patients with staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia. however, this parameter has been evaluated for only a limited number of microorganisms. in the present study, time-to-positivity was recorded for 1872 episodes of significant monomicrobial bacteraemia diagnosed at a teaching hospital during a 2-year period, and the associated microbial and clinical variables were investigat ... | 2007 | 17484763 |
| citrobacter rodentium virulence in mice associates with bacterial load and the type iii effector nlee. | severe disease caused by shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) has been associated with a pathogenicity island, o-island 122, which encodes the type iii secretion system-effector nlee. here we show that full virulence of the related attaching and effacing mouse pathogen citrobacter rodentium requires nlee. relative to wild-type bacteria, nlee-mutant c. rodentium are attenuated for colonisation in mice in both single and mixed infections. examination of the ability of nlee-mutant bacteria ... | 2007 | 17317262 |
| resistance to gram-negative organisms due to high-level expression of plasmid-encoded ampc beta-lactamase blacmy-4 promoted by insertion sequence isecp1. | a klebsiella pneumoniae strain, ku6500, which showed resistance to extended-spectrum beta-lactams and produced the plasmid-encoded ampc beta-lactamase cmy-4, was identified from clinical isolates in japan. the aim of this study was to identify the mechanism of the high-level expression of blacmy-4. sequence analysis indicated that the promoter element of citrobacter freundii was conserved, but the insertion sequence isecp1 coding with the putative promoter element, was inserted into the ampr bin ... | 2007 | 17334724 |
| [pathogenicity factors of opportunistic enterobacteria and its role in development of diarrhea]. | the data of pathogenicity factors of opportunistic enterobacteria, including klebsiella, enterobacter, citrobacter, proteus, providencia and hafnia species are submitted. the genetic control and a role of pathogenicity factors of opportunistic enterobacteria in development of diarrhea syndrome are presented. data about adhesins, hemolysins, cytotoxic necrotizing factors and bacterial modulins are described. the characteristic of cytotonic and cytotoxic enterotoxins, including lt, st, shiga-like ... | 2007 | 17523440 |
| [genetic markers of pathogenicity of conditionally pathogenic enterobacteria isolated from children with diarrheal diseases]. | in the process of examination of 89 children from different age groups with diarrheal disease caused by bacteria from enterobacteriaceae family 89 microorganisms were isolated including klebsiella spp. (37 isolates), citrobacter spp. (9 isolates), enterobacter spp. (17 isolates), hafnia alvei (1 isolate), morganella morganii (11 isolates), proteus spp. (14 isolates). presence of genes associated with pathogenicity islands (pais): hlya, hlyb (hemolysin), sfag (fimbria antigen type s), cnf1 (cytot ... | 2007 | 17523471 |
| efficacy of ertapenem in the treatment of early ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing organisms in an intensive care unit. | ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) is a frequent complication of patients admitted to intensive care units (icus). ertapenem is a newer carbapenem with good in vitro activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing organisms. however, there are no clinical data to support the use of ertapenem in vap. our purpose is to evaluate the usefulness and safety of ertapenem in the treatment of vap caused by susceptible esbl strains. | 2007 | 17540673 |
| neutralizing and cross-reactive antibodies against enterobacterial lipopolysaccharide. | lipopolysaccharide (lps, endotoxin) elicits an immune reaction which is responsible for many of the harmful effects seen in septic shock patients. the eradication of bacteria by antibiotics is insufficient to resolve the pathology due to the lack of lps neutralization. lps-neutralizing antibodies have been described; however, these were specific for the serotype of the infecting bacteria and thus not useful for the treatment of septic shock patients. structural analyses revealed that the lps str ... | 2007 | 17544324 |
| in vitro activity of ceftaroline (ppi-0903m, t-91825) against bacteria with defined resistance mechanisms and phenotypes. | ceftaroline (ppi-0903m, t-91825) is a novel cephalosporin, administered as an n-phosphono prodrug. we investigated its in vitro activity and resistance selection potential. | 2007 | 17548456 |
| culture-positive sepsis in neonatal camelids: 21 cases. | there is limited literature on neonatal bacterial sepsis in new world (nw) camelids. | 2007 | 17552461 |
| quorum sensing has an unexpected role in virulence in the model pathogen citrobacter rodentium. | the bacterial mouse pathogen citrobacter rodentium causes attaching and effacing (ae) lesions in the same manner as pathogenic escherichia coli, and is an important model for this mode of pathogenesis. quorum sensing (qs) involves chemical signalling by bacteria to regulate gene expression in response to cell density. e. coli has never been reported to have n-acylhomoserine lactone (ahl) qs, but it does utilize luxs-dependent signalling. we found production of ahl qs signalling molecules by an a ... | 2007 | 17557113 |
| nosocomial meningitis caused by enterobacteriaceae: risk factors and outcome in 18 cases in 1992-2007. | nosocomial neuroinfections due to enterobacteriaceae represented 9.5% in our cohort of 171 cases of paediatric meningitis within last 15 years. commonest etiologic agents was e. coli - 9 (50%) followed by klebsiella pneumoniae - 3 (16,7%) and enterobacter cloacae. citrobacter freundii, proteus mirabilis and salmonella enteritidis (1 each). commonest risk factors were neonatal age 13 - (72.2%), very low birth weight 5 (27.8%), craniocerebral trauma - 4 (22.2%) and neurosurgery - 5 (27.8%). all bu ... | 2007 | 17558373 |
| multiplex pcr for detection of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance qnr genes in esbl-producing enterobacterial isolates. | to develop a rapid and reliable single-tube-based pcr technique for detecting simultaneously the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance qnra, qnrb and qnrs genes. | 2007 | 17561500 |
| in vivo selection for the directed evolution of l-rhamnulose aldolase from l-rhamnulose-1-phosphate aldolase (rhad). | dihydroxyacetone phosphate (dhap)-dependent aldolases have been widely used for organic synthesis. the major drawback of dhap-dependent aldolases is their strict donor substrate specificity toward dhap, which is expensive and unstable. here we report the development of an in vivo selection system for the directed evolution of the dhap-dependent aldolase, l-rhamnulose-1-phosphate aldolase (rhad), to alter its donor substrate specificity from dhap to dihydroxyacetone (dha). we also report prelimin ... | 2007 | 17572092 |
| cefotaxime-resistant citrobacter freundii in isolates from blood in a tertiary teaching hospital in northern taiwan. | from january 2002 to december 2003, 12 patients in a tertiary teaching hospital in northern taiwan had bloodstream infections caused by citrobacter freundii. seven of the 12 isolates were resistant to cefotaxime. using polymerase chain reaction and dna sequencing, 3 of the 7 cefotaxime-resistant c. freundii isolates were found to carry extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl). ampc beta-lactamase genes were also detected in all strains of c. freundii. all strains of c. freundii with mics >or=4 mg ... | 2007 | 17572502 |
| tlr signaling mediated by myd88 is required for a protective innate immune response by neutrophils to citrobacter rodentium. | enteropathogenic escherichia coli, enterohemorrhagic e. coli, and citrobacter rodentium are classified as attaching and effacing pathogens based on their ability to adhere to intestinal epithelium via actin-filled membranous protrusions (pedestals). infection of mice with c. rodentium causes breach of the colonic epithelial barrier, a vigorous th1 inflammatory response, and colitis. ultimately, an adaptive immune response leads to clearance of the bacteria. whereas much is known about the adapti ... | 2007 | 17579078 |
| bacterial pathogens recovered from vegetables irrigated by wastewater in morocco. | the authors obtained 50 vegetable samples from various regions in morocco and examined them to determine the microbiological quality of these products. aerobic count, coliform, enterococci, and staphylococcus aureus were evaluated. this analysis revealed high levels of enterococci, fecal coliforms, and total coliforms. no coagulase-positive staphylococcus aureus was detected in any of the samples analyzed. biochemical identification of enterobacteriaceae showed the presence of citrobacter freund ... | 2007 | 17583296 |
| prevalence, microbiology, and clinical characteristics of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing enterobacter spp., serratia marcescens, citrobacter freundii, and morganella morganii in korea. | we examined the prevalence and characteristics of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing clinical isolates among enterobacter spp., serratia marcescens, citrobacter freundii, and morganella morganii, and evaluated screening criteria, clinical characteristics and outcomes of infections caused by esbl-producing organisms. between january and june 2005, a total of 493 nonduplicate consecutive isolates were collected at asan medical center, a 2,300-bed tertiary hospital in seoul, republic ... | 2007 | 17587073 |
| marine algae: screening for a potent antibacterial agent. | this study was done to investigate the antimicrobial potentiality of the marine algae collected from different coastal regions of gujarat and screened for the same. twenty-six marine algae belonging to rhodophyceae, chlorophyceae and phaeophyceae were screened for their potential antibacterial activity against five clinically important bacterial strains, namely bacillus cereus, micrococcus flavus, citrobacter freundii, klebsiella pneumoniae and pseudomonas testosterone. acetone and methanol were ... | 2007 | 17594989 |
| good pregnancy outcome with emergent cerclage placed in the presence of intra-amniotic microbial invasion. | cervical insufficiency with dilation can be associated with amniotic fluid microbial invasion. cerclage placement in the presence of infection is contraindicated because it is associated with poor fetal and maternal outcome. a 30-year-old gravida 4 para 0 with cervical insufficiency had emergent cervical suture placement at 19 weeks. the patient underwent amniocentesis to screen for infection. after the screen for infection using amniotic fluid glucose and white blood cells had indicated negativ ... | 2007 | 17597442 |
| are laboratory-based antibiograms reliable to guide the selection of empirical antimicrobial treatment in patients with hospital-acquired infections? | antibiograms are often taken into account to define a rational selection of an empirical antimicrobial therapy for treating patients with hospital-acquired infections. in this study, we performed a paired comparison between the antibiogram constructed with laboratory-based data and that formed with data subjected to prior clinical validation. | 2007 | 17079239 |
| functional analysis of replication and stability regions of broad-host-range conjugative plasmid ctx-m3 from the incl/m incompatibility group. | plasmid ctx-m3 (89 kb) isolated from citrobacter freundii from a warsaw hospital is a mosaic plasmid with replication functions 100% identical with those of pmu407.1 of the incl/m group, conjugative operons with up to 60% homology to colib-p9 (inci) and stability functions originating either from nr1(r100) (incfii) or colib-p9 /r1/nr1 plasmids. we established the broad-host-range for pctx-m3 and defined its minireplicon in escherichia coli. we analyzed the role of stability cassettes and showed ... | 2007 | 17087993 |
| the meropenem yearly susceptibility test information collection antimicrobial susceptibility program in spain: a 5-year analysis. | the meropenem yearly susceptibility test information collection program is a global study providing in vitro surveillance data on antimicrobial susceptibility in centers prescribing meropenem. this study summarizes data on the activity of meropenem and 5 comparators against 4022 clinical isolates from 7 centers in spain (1999-2003). those bacteria intrinsically resistant to meropenem were excluded. among enterobacteriaceae, 100% of enterobacter spp., citrobacter spp., and serratia spp. were susc ... | 2007 | 17052882 |
| dual alterations in casein kinase i-epsilon and gsk-3beta modulate beta-catenin stability in hyperproliferating colonic epithelia. | casein kinase i (cki)-epsilon and gsk-3beta phosphorylate beta-catenin at ser(45) (beta-cat(45)) and thr(41)/ser(37,33) (beta-cat(33,37,41)) residues, thereby facilitating its ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. we used a citrobacter rodentium-induced transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia (tmch) model to determine ser/thr phosphorylation and biological function of beta-catenin during crypt hyperproliferation. tmch was associated with 3-fold and 3.3-fold increases in cki-epsilon cellul ... | 2007 | 17053159 |
| there is a low incidence of recurrent bacteriuria in painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis patients followed longitudinally. | the objective of this paper was to establish whether patients with confirmed painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis (pbs/ic) presenting with symptoms of uti have actual bacteriuria vs a flare of their pbs/ic symptoms. one hundred and six (n = 106) consecutive female patients (mean age 39.8 +/- 14 years) with newly diagnosed ic were identified and followed longitudinally for 24 months. at the initial visit and at all subsequent visits, urinary specimens were obtained by sterile catheteriz ... | 2007 | 17036170 |
| increased serum iga and igm against lps of enterobacteria in chronic fatigue syndrome (cfs): indication for the involvement of gram-negative enterobacteria in the etiology of cfs and for the presence of an increased gut-intestinal permeability. | there is now evidence that chronic fatigue syndrome (cfs) is accompanied by immune disorders and by increased oxidative stress. the present study has been designed in order to examine the serum concentrations of iga and igm to lps of gram-negative enterobacteria, i.e. hafnia alvei; pseudomonas aeruginosa, morganella morganii, proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas putida, citrobacter koseri, and klebsiella pneumoniae in cfs patients, patients with partial cfs and normal controls. we found that the preva ... | 2007 | 17007934 |
| intracellular accumulation of linezolid in escherichia coli, citrobacter freundii and enterobacter aerogenes: role of enhanced efflux pump activity and inactivation. | the oxazolidinone class of antibiotics such as linezolid have a narrow spectrum of activity that targets gram-positive bacteria. we hypothesized that the poor activity of linezolid in gram-negative bacteria is in part caused by relatively low intracellular concentration due to efflux. | 2007 | 16971414 |
| phylogenetic analysis of enteric species of the family enterobacteriaceae using the oric-locus. | phylogenetic analysis of 38 enteric species belonging to the enterobacteraceae family was carried out using the non-coding locus oric, the chromosomal replication origin. the oric loci were amplified with conserved oligonucleotides and the pcr fragments were sequenced directly. the results establish a phylogenetic tree for the classification of different species of the genera escherichia, shigella, salmonella, enterobacter, citrobacter, klebsiella, raoultella, kluyvera, cedecea and buttiauxella. ... | 2007 | 16904857 |
| aquaporins contribute to diarrhoea caused by attaching and effacing bacterial pathogens. | attaching and effacing (a/e) pathogens such as enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) and enteropathogenic e. coli (epec) cause serious global health problems. these bacteria colonize the gastrointestinal system, attach to intestinal epithelial cells, efface (collapse) infected cell microvilli and cause overt diarrhoea that may ultimately result in death of the host. although pathogenically induced diarrhoea is a significant global health issue, the molecular mechanisms that underlie this dis ... | 2007 | 16889624 |
| citrobacter infections in a tertiary care hospital in northern india. | this prospective study was carried out to look for the frequency of isolation of citrobacter species from clinical specimens and study their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. | 2007 | 16815552 |
| comparison of alad activities of citrobacter and pseudomonas strains and their usage as biomarker for pb contamination. | delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase (alad) activity has been used in prokaryotes and eukaryotes as a biomarker for environmental lead (pb) exposure and toxicity. microorganisms are sensitive indicators of toxicity at the fundamental level of ecological organization, but bacterial biomarker studies are focused on the pseudomonas strains in group i and e coli. the objectives of the present work were to determine if burkholderia gladioli belonging to group ii, due to its 16srrna similarity, can be us ... | 2008 | 17516138 |
| phenotypic and phylogenic groups to evaluate the diversity of citrobacter isolates from activated biomass of effluent treatment plants. | the diversity of citrobacter isolated from effluent treatment plants (etps) was studied using three different parameters. thirty citrobacter strains were isolated from different etps treating wastewaters generated at various industries. all the isolates were characterized based on biochemical tests, antibiotic assay/functional analysis, and phylogenetic analysis. results demonstrated that the pattern of grouping varied based on the selected criteria for analysis. species that clustered together ... | 2008 | 17475485 |
| cmy-20, a novel ampc-type beta-lactamase from south african clinical escherichia coli isolates. | in this study, we report the presence of a novel plasmid-mediated ampc-type beta-lactamase that was isolated from 3 clinical escherichia coli isolates at a tertiary teaching hospital in durban, south africa. the nucleotide sequence of the genes encoding this novel beta-lactamase was found to be >94% identical to the nucleotide sequences of the plasmid-mediated ampc-type beta-lactamases originating from citrobacter freundii. this enzyme differed from cmy-2 by 3 amino acid substitutions and was de ... | 2008 | 18207348 |
| in vitro activity profile of ceftobiprole, an anti-mrsa cephalosporin, against recent gram-positive and gram-negative isolates of european origin. | to determine the in vitro activity profile of ceftobiprole, a pyrrolidinone cephalosporin with activity against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), for use as a contemporary baseline to help detect any changes in its activity profile throughout the course of clinical development and use. | 2008 | 18218646 |
| high-resolution structure of methionine gamma-lyase from citrobacter freundii. | pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent methionine gamma-lyase (mgl) is involved in the metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids. the enzyme is a promising target in some anaerobic pathogens and is effective in cancer-cell treatment. the structure of the mgl holoenzyme from citrobacter freundii has previously been determined at 1.9 a resolution. by modification of the crystallization procedure, the previously determined structure of c. freundii mgl has been improved to 1.35 a resolution with r and r ... | 2008 | 18219122 |
| evaluation of different laboratory tests for the detection of metallo-beta-lactamase production in enterobacteriaceae. | clinical isolates of klebsiella pneumoniae (91), escherichia coli (49), enterobacter spp. (27), proteus mirabilis (17), citrobacter freundii (2), providencia stuartii (3) and serratia spp. (5), with various mics of imipenem, were examined for production of metallo-beta-lactamases (mbls) with different phenotypic laboratory tests that have been previously published to detect mbls in pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter spp. | 2008 | 18222954 |
| regulation of expression and secretion of nleh, a new non-locus of enterocyte effacement-encoded effector in citrobacter rodentium. | together with enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli and enteropathogenic escherichia coli, citrobacter rodentium is a member of the attaching-and-effacing (a/e) family of bacterial pathogens. a/e pathogens use a type iii secretion system (t3ss) to translocate an assortment of effector proteins, encoded both within and outside the locus of enterocyte effacement (lee), into the colonized host cell, leading to the formation of a/e lesions and disease. here we report the identification and characteriza ... | 2008 | 18223087 |
| fcgamma receptor regulation of citrobacter rodentium infection. | citrobacter rodentium, a murine model pathogen for enteropathogenic escherichia coli, colonizes the colon utilizing attaching and effacing lesions to adhere specifically to the surfaces of intestinal epithelial cells and cause mucosal inflammation. cd4+ t cells, b cells, and immunoglobulin g (igg), but not secretory iga or igm, play a critical role in eradicating this pathogen. consistent with the importance of igg in c. rodentium eradication, igg transport by the neonatal fc receptor for igg wi ... | 2008 | 18227164 |
| flagellin-dependent and -independent inflammatory responses following infection by enteropathogenic escherichia coli and citrobacter rodentium. | enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec) and the murine pathogen citrobacter rodentium belong to the attaching and effacing (a/e) family of bacterial pathogens. these noninvasive bacteria infect intestinal enterocytes using a type 3 secretion system (t3ss), leading to diarrheal disease and intestinal inflammation. while flagellin, the secreted product of the epec flic gene, causes the release of interleukin 8 (il-8) from epithelial cells, it is unclear whether a/e bacteria also trigger epithelia ... | 2008 | 18227166 |
| metabolomics reveals that hepatic stearoyl-coa desaturase 1 downregulation exacerbates inflammation and acute colitis. | to investigate the pathogenic mechanism of ulcerative colitis, a dextran sulfate sodium (dss)-induced acute colitis model was examined by serum metabolomic analysis. higher levels of stearoyl lysophosphatidylcholine and lower levels of oleoyl lysophosphatidylcholine in dss-treated mice compared to controls led to the identification of dss-elicited inhibition of stearoyl-coa desaturase 1 (scd1) expression in liver. this decrease occurred prior to the symptoms of acute colitis and was well correla ... | 2008 | 18249173 |
| resistance of chemokine receptor 6-deficient mice to yersinia enterocolitica infection: evidence of defective m-cell formation in vivo. | m cells, specialized cells within peyer's patches (pps), are reduced in number in chemokine receptor 6 (ccr6)-deficient mice. the pathogenic microorganism yersinia enterocolitica exploits m cells for the purpose of mucosal tissue invasion exclusively through pps. the aim of this study was to evaluate the course of yersiniosis in ccr6-deficient mice and to investigate whether these mice might be used as an in vivo model to determine m-cell function. after oral challenge with y. enterocolitica, co ... | 2008 | 18258848 |
| cd4+ t cells transfer resistance against citrobacter rodentium-induced infectious colitis by induction of th 1 immunity. | citrobacter rodentium induces an acute, self-limited colitis in mice which is histologically associated with crypt hyperplasia. the infection serves as a model for human infectious colitis induced by enteropathogenic escherichia coli. we investigated if balb/c mice, which had spontaneously cleared c. rodentium infection, were protected against re-infection and if resistance against intestinal infection can be systemically transferred using spleen cells. the course of infection was monitored by f ... | 2008 | 18261038 |
| interleukin-22 mediates early host defense against attaching and effacing bacterial pathogens. | infections by attaching and effacing (a/e) bacterial pathogens, such as escherichia coli o157:h7, pose a serious threat to public health. using a mouse a/e pathogen, citrobacter rodentium, we show that interleukin-22 (il-22) has a crucial role in the early phase of host defense against c. rodentium. infection of il-22 knockout mice results in increased intestinal epithelial damage, systemic bacterial burden and mortality. we also find that il-23 is required for the early induction of il-22 durin ... | 2008 | 18264109 |
| evaluation of pyelonephritis in culled indoor and outdoor high parity sows. | the present trial was conducted in hungary in neighboring large indoor and outdoor pig production units, belonging to the same breeding company. rejected kidneys from 201 (out of 241; 83.4%) outdoor, and 191 (out of 512, 37.3%) indoor high parity sows, with previous history of recidiving postparturient fever and excessive postparturient vulvovaginal discharge were gross pathologically bacteriologically, and histologically evaluated. all rejected kidneys revealed chronic pyelonephritis. in outdoo ... | 2008 | 18265757 |
| antibodies against citrobacter braakii o37 cells recognize the n-glycan of the band 3 glycoprotein of human erythrocyte membrane. | the phenomenon of molecular mimicry was found previously for citrobacter braakii o37, which shared epitopes with human and horse erythrocytes. the aim of this study was to elucidate the basis of the serological cross-reactivity between anti-c. braakii o37 serum and human erythrocytes. the experiments involved analyzing the epitope on the human erythrocyte membrane, that could be recognized by affinity-purified antibodies. the results indicated a specific glycoprotein fraction in immunoblotting, ... | 2008 | 18266742 |
| the critical role of substrate-protein hydrogen bonding in the control of regioselective hydroxylation in p450cin. | cytochrome p450cin (cyp176a1) is a bacterial p450 isolated from citrobacter braakii that catalyzes the hydroxylation of cineole to (s)-6beta-hydroxycineole. this initiates the biodegradation of cineole, enabling c. braakii to live on cineole as its sole source of carbon and energy. p450cin lacks the almost universally conserved threonine residue believed to be involved in dioxygen activation and instead contains an asparagine at this position (asn-242). to investigate the role of asn-242 in p450 ... | 2008 | 18270198 |
| characterization of the nlef effector protein from attaching and effacing bacterial pathogens. | enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) is a water- and food-borne pathogen that causes hemorrhagic colitis. ehec uses a type iii secretion system (t3ss) to translocate effector proteins that subvert host cell function. t3ss-substrates encoded outside of the locus of enterocyte effacement are important to e. coli pathogenesis. we discovered an ehec secreted protein, nlef, encoded by z6020 in o-island 71 of e. coli edl933 that we hypothesized to be a t3ss substrate. experiments are presented th ... | 2008 | 18279332 |
| assessment of microbial diversity in effluent treatment plants by culture dependent and culture independent approaches. | microbial community structure of two distinct effluent treatment plants (etps) of pesticide and pharmaceutical industries was assessed and defined by (i) culture dependent and culture independent approaches on the basis of 16s rrna gene sequencing, (ii) diversity index analysis - operational taxonomic units (otus). a total of 38 and 44 bacterial otus having 85-99% similarity with the closest match in the database were detected among pharmaceutical and pesticide sludge samples, respectively. fift ... | 2008 | 18280146 |
| antimicrobial activity of the crude extracts and five flavonoids from the twigs of dorstenia barteri (moraceae). | the aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the crude extract of the twigs of dorstenia barteri (dbt) as well as that of four of the five flavonoids isolated from this extract. gram-positive bacteria (six species), gram-negative bacteria (12 species) and fungi (four species) were used. the agar disc diffusion test was used to determine the sensitivity of the tested samples while the well micro-dilution was used to determine the minimal inhibition concentrations (mic) and ... | 2008 | 18280679 |
| the gut-brain barrier in major depression: intestinal mucosal dysfunction with an increased translocation of lps from gram negative enterobacteria (leaky gut) plays a role in the inflammatory pathophysiology of depression. | there is now evidence that major depression (mdd) is accompanied by an activation of the inflammatory response system (irs) and that pro-inflammatory cytokines and lipopolysacharide (lps) may induce depressive symptoms. the aim of the present study was to examine whether an increased gastrointestinal permeability with an increased translocation of lps from gram negative bacteria may play a role in the pathophysiology of mdd. toward this end, the present study examines the serum concentrations of ... | 2008 | 18283240 |
| bicarbonate-mediated transcriptional activation of divergent operons by the virulence regulatory protein, rega, from citrobacter rodentium. | regulation of virulence gene expression plays a central role in the pathogenesis of enteric bacteria as they encounter diverse environmental conditions in the gastrointestinal tract of their hosts. in this study, we investigated environmental regulation of two putative virulence determinants adca and kfc by rega, an arac/xyls-like regulator, from citrobacter rodentium, and identified bicarbonate as the environmental signal which induced transcription of adca and kfc through rega. primer extensio ... | 2008 | 18284589 |
| performance of chromid esbl, a chromogenic medium for detection of enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. | the chromogenic agar medium chromid esbl (biomérieux) was compared with blse agar medium (aes) for selective isolation and presumptive identification of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing enterobacteriaceae from clinical samples. a total of 765 samples (468 rectal swabs, 255 urine samples and 42 pulmonary aspirations) obtained from 547 patients was processed. all bacterial strains isolated on either medium were further characterized using biochemical tests, and esbl producers were ... | 2008 | 18287293 |
| high-level carbapenem resistance in a citrobacter freundii clinical isolate is due to a combination of kpc-2 production and decreased porin expression. | an imipenem-resistant isolate of citrobacter freundii zj163 (mic 256 microg ml(-1)) isolated from a chinese hospital was investigated. the c. freundii zj163 isolate exhibited high-level resistance to carbapenems, penicillins, cephalosporins, cefoxitin, aztreonam, quinolones and aminoglycosides. isoelectric focusing (ief) demonstrated three beta-lactamases with pis of 5.4 (tem-1), 6.7 (kpc-2) and 7.9 (ctx-m-14). two different transconjugants (types a and b) were obtained by conjugation studies. t ... | 2008 | 18287296 |
| citrobacter freundii infection in glutaric aciduria type 1: adding insult to injury. | glutaric aciduria type 1 (ga1) is an inborn error of organic acid metabolism, where the brain is the principal organ affected with exposure to toxic metabolic product, 3-hydroxyglutaric acid (3-ohga). a 2-year-old boy with ga1 and delayed developmental milestones had an acute neurological crisis leading to massive brain abscess with citrobacter freundi infection, a rare cause of neonatal meningitis and often associated with brain abscess. both 3-ohga and c. freundii can damage the blood-brain ba ... | 2008 | 18296804 |
| prevalence of bacterial contamination with antibiotic-resistant and enterotoxigenic fecal coliforms in treated drinking water. | pollution indicator bacteria such as coliforms, fecal coliforms, and fecal streptococci were enumerated using a multiple-tube fermentation method in 100 treated drinking-water samples from 20 locations in residential, commercial, and industrial areas of a tropical city during summer. thirty-four percent of the samples were bacteriologically nonpotable. maximum coliform-contaminated (27%) samples were derived from industrial areas, while samples contaminated with fecal coliform (23%) and fecal st ... | 2008 | 18306089 |
| multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria among patients who require chronic hemodialysis. | multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria are rapidly spreading throughout the world. the epidemiology of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria in patients who require chronic hemodialysis has not been previously studied. | 2008 | 18322047 |
| novel variant of the qnrb gene, qnrb12, in citrobacter werkmanii. | 2008 | 18086833 | |
| emergence of antibiotic resistance during therapy for infections caused by enterobacteriaceae producing ampc beta-lactamase: implications for antibiotic use. | enterobacter spp., serratia marcescens, citrobacter freundii, and morganella morganii are characterized by chromosomally encoded ampc beta-lactamases and possess the ability to develop resistance upon exposure to broad-spectrum cephalosporins. to determine the incidences of the emergence of resistance during antimicrobial therapy for infections caused by these organisms and the effect of the emergence of resistance on patient outcomes, all patients who were admitted to the asan medical center (s ... | 2008 | 18086837 |