Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| systemic and local immune responses of four cases with lower respiratory tract illness due to reinfection with respiratory syncytial virus. | four infants and children who had tracheobronchitis or bronchiolitis by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) reinfection were presented. their clinical features, systemic and local immune reactions to rsv were compared with those of eleven age-matched patients who had lower respiratory tract illness with primary rsv infection. moderate antibody activities in their nasopharyngeal secretions and sera which were comparable to those of convalescent phase of primary infection were observed within severa ... | 1997 | 9354358 |
| development of a humanized monoclonal antibody (medi-493) with potent in vitro and in vivo activity against respiratory syncytial virus. | neutralizing polyclonal antibody to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has been shown to be an effective prophylactic agent when administered intravenously in high-risk infants. this study describes the generation of a humanized monoclonal antibody, medi-493, that recognizes a conserved neutralizing epitope on the f glycoprotein of rsv. the affinity of medi-493 was found to be equal to or slightly better than an isotype-matched chimeric derivative of the parent antibody. in plaque reduction, micr ... | 1997 | 9359721 |
| influence of maternal infections with viral agents or toxoplasma gondii during pregnancy on fetal ige production. | the importance of maternal infections with toxoplasma gondii, cytomegalovirus (cmv), parvovirus b19, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and influenza a and b on fetal ige synthesis was studied in 153 pregnant women. no case of specific igm activity or viral dna in cord blood, indicating a congenital infection, was found. from gestational week 15 to delivery, maternal igg-ab seroconversion to parvovirus b19, rsv, influenza a, or influenza b occurred in 47 women. at delivery, serologic signs of pa ... | 1997 | 9360748 |
| does breast feeding protect against non-gastric infections? | there is convincing evidence that breast-feeding is protective against gastro-enteritis and diarrhoea, but for other infections the situation is less clear cut. there is evidence that breast-fed infants are at increased risk of one infection (infant botulism). they are probably not significantly protected from upper respiratory tract infections (other than otitis media.), but they may be at a decreased risk of lower respiratory tract infections, particularly those associated with respiratory syn ... | 1997 | 9363420 |
| efficacy of bronchodilators in the treatment of bronchiolitis. | bronchiolitis is a common respiratory infection affecting young children. much controversy revolves around the efficacy of bronchodilators in the treatment of bronchiolitis. this study was conducted to address this issue. | 1997 | 9364884 |
| acute viral infections of upper respiratory tract in elderly people living in the community: comparative, prospective, population based study of disease burden. | to evaluate the disease burden of upper respiratory infections in elderly people living at home. | 1997 | 9366736 |
| dairy calf pneumonia. the disease and its impact. | the author discusses the syndrome of respiratory, disease in dairy calves, reviewing the disease and the causative agents. attention is given to the epidemiology of the disease with discussion of morbidity, mortality, proportionate mortality and risk factors associated with dairy calf pneumonia. the economic impact of dairy calf pneumonia is discussed in detail and management options for calf rearing are suggested. | 1997 | 9368984 |
| bovine respiratory syncytial virus. | since the first report of brsv in the 1970s, the understanding of this agent and its respective disease has increased dramatically. current evidence supports a major role for this virus in bovine respiratory disease. advances in diagnostics have increased the ability to demonstrate this virus in field outbreaks of respiratory disease. the clinical signs and pathologic features have been well described, and vaccines are available to aid in prevention and control. still, many questions remain to b ... | 1997 | 9368988 |
| recombinant respiratory syncytial virus from which the entire sh gene has been deleted grows efficiently in cell culture and exhibits site-specific attenuation in the respiratory tract of the mouse. | the small hydrophobic protein sh of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a short transmembrane surface protein of unknown function. a full-length cdna of rsv strain a2 (subgroup a) antigenomic rna was modified such that the entire sh gene, including the transcription signals and the complete mrna-encoding sequence, was deleted and replaced by a synthetic intergenic region. this reduced the length of the antigenome by 398 nucleotides and ablated expression of 1 of the 10 rsv mrnas. recombin ... | 1997 | 9371553 |
| nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infections: prevention and control in bone marrow transplant patients. | to assess the effectiveness of a multifaceted infection control strategy in limiting the nosocomial transmission of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection to patients in a bone marrow transplant (bmt) unit. | 1997 | 9181397 |
| [false-positive reactions in laboratory diagnosis of lassa, marburg, and ebola viral hemorrhagic fevers and aids]. | sera of normal subjects and aids patients living in minsk and odessa were tested for antibodies to hazardous viral infections lassa, marburg, and ebola. four to 16% of examinees were seropositive to ebola virus, 0.8 to 2.3% to lassa, and up to 0.8% to marburg virus. common b-epitopes were found in viruses belonging to different families: lassa, ebola, and hiv. antibodies specific to these viruses antigens were found in the reference sera to influenza a and b, respiratory syncytial virus, and ade ... | 1997 | 9182402 |
| influenza surveillance in england and wales: october 1996 to june 1997. | this report summarises information collected for the surveillance of influenza in england and wales during the winter of 1996/97. consultations for 'influenza and influenza-like illness' with sentinel general practitioners in england and wales began to increase towards the end of november and peaked at the start of january. in england, consultations for 'aggregated respiratory disease' (ard) began to increase a little earlier, perhaps as a result of increased respiratory syncytial virus activity ... | 1997 | 9447787 |
| analysis of the bovine respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein (f) using monoclonal antibodies. | seven monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) fusion (f) protein were produced and characterized by radioimmunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence assays. these seven mabs together with the previously described mabs (beeler and van wyke coelingh, 1989) to the f protein of human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) were used to study the antigenic variation of 12 strains of ungulate rsv. all except one mabs specific for the hrsv-f protein reacted wit ... | 1997 | 9453129 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants and young children. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children. epidemics occur yearly from december to march or april, leading to 100,000 hospitalizations in the united states at an estimated cost of $300 million. physical examination findings may include clear coryza, evidence of respiratory distress, wheezing, and dehydration. complications include apnea. mortality runs as high as 0.5% to 1.5% in hospitalized patients. diagnosis ... | 1997 | 9420581 |
| prevention and treatment recommendations for respiratory syncytial virus infection. background and clinical experience 40 years after discovery. | though 40 years have passed since its discovery, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), one of the most ubiquitous viruses known, continues to evade most of our efforts to prevent or treat the clinical disease it causes. long recognised as the most common cause of lower respiratory tract infections in virtually all children in the first 2 years of life, it has been increasingly recognised as a cause of more serious disease in several 'high risk' populations. these populations include infants with ca ... | 1997 | 9421694 |
| what clinicians need to know about antiviral drugs and viral resistance. | the development of safe and effective antiviral therapies for the management of a variety of viral infections has expanded tremendously in recent years. treatment is now possible for serious and potentially life-threatening infections with herpesviruses, respiratory viruses such as influenza a and respiratory syncytial virus, and the human immunodeficiency virus. the increased availability and use of antiviral drugs, however, has led to the emergence of drug-resistant viruses, especially in immu ... | 1997 | 9421709 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-immunoglobulin intravenous (rsv-igiv) for respiratory syncytial viral infections: part i. | rsv is a highly contagious, devastating disease, especially in high-risk infants. rsv infection typically presents as an upper respiratory tract infection and then may progress to the lower respiratory tract, causing pneumonia and bronchiolitis. the signs, symptoms, and severity of rsv infection vary with age and the number of previous rsv infections. young age, premature birth, a crowded living environment, day care attendance, and exposure to passive smoking are risk factors for more severe rs ... | 1997 | 9423415 |
| [detection of chlamydia trachomatis in children with acute lower respiratory infection]. | diagnosis of respiratory tract infections due to chlamydia trachomatis in pediatric patients is very important because of its complications and sequelae. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the performance of rapid methods for reading this diagnosis in 111 children with lower acute respiratory disease. | 1997 | 9424120 |
| cells and mediators from pharyngeal secretions in infants with acute wheezing episodes. | an acute wheezing episode is the most common feature of severe lower respiratory tract infection during infancy. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major causative agent. in order to study inflammation during acute wheezing episodes in infants, we wanted to assess the feasibility and contribution of induction of pharyngeal secretions. we therefore compared inflammatory markers in the pharyngeal secretions of 27 infants suffering from acute wheezing episodes with an rsv infection (rsv+) and ... | 1997 | 9426101 |
| respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: a double-blind dexamethasone efficacy study. | the efficacy of dexamethasone therapy for primary respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis was studied in a double-blind placebo design in 29 previously healthy infants (median age, 194 days). no significant differences were found between the groups in evolution of respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, clinical score, or pulmonary function tests on day 3. | 1997 | 9427901 |
| rsv specimen collection methods: nasal vs. nasopharyngeal. | to compare two types of specimen collection methods for rsv (respiratory syncytial virus): nasal wash and nasopharyngeal wash. | 1997 | 9429523 |
| animal models of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | over the past two decades, animal models of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection have been developed using primates, cotton rats, mice, calves, guinea pigs, ferrets, and hamsters. use of these models has shed light on the mechanisms of vaccine-enhanced disease seen in clinical trials of a formalin-inactivated rsv vaccine and has provided a means for testing efficacy and safety of candidate prophylactic and therapeutic strategies. the development of multiple animal models has coincided wit ... | 1997 | 9431379 |
| [respiratory syncytial viruses: viral characteristics and epizootiology of the disease]. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is the major respiratory tract pathogen of infants and young children. bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) is recognized as an important cause of respiratory tract disease in calves. both these viruses and their respective diseases share many similarities. after a description of the general properties of the virus, this review covers the epizootology of bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection. | 1997 | 9441497 |
| [respiratory syncytial viruses: pathogenesis, immunology and disease prevention]. | immunopathologic mechanism has been proposed to be involved in the pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus infections. this review examines the current understanding of the role of immunopathologic mechanisms in rsv infections. the role of vaccines in inducing hypersensitivity is also discussed. | 1997 | 9441498 |
| nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection in a newborn nursery. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has been recognized as a major nosocomial hazard on pediatric wards, but symptomatic rsv infection is uncommon during the first four weeks of life. we report here four cases of neonatal rsv infection in a special-care newborn nursery and two of them probably acquired the infection nosocomially. by rapid diagnosis using immunofluorescent technique and early implementation of infection control measures, we were able to prevent further spread of rsv infection. | 1997 | 9443085 |
| respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin treatment of rsv lower respiratory tract infection in previously healthy children. | to evaluate the efficacy of high titer respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) immune globulin (rsvig) in the treatment of previously healthy children hospitalized with proven rsv lower tract infection (lri). | 1997 | 9374560 |
| nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection in canadian pediatric hospitals: a pediatric investigators collaborative network on infections in canada study. | to determine nosocomial transmission of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in canadian pediatric hospitals, outcomes associated with nosocomial disease, and infection control practices. | 1997 | 9374561 |
| rehospitalization with respiratory syncytial virus after neonatal intensive care unit discharge: a 3-year follow-up. | this study sought to determine 1) the incidence of rehospitalization with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection within a 3-year follow-up among infants discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu), and 2) to examine associations between age at readmission and medical and sociodemographic characteristics among infants rehospitalized with rsv. | 1997 | 9382909 |
| long term follow-up of children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection and randomly treated with ribavirin or placebo. | to determine the long term effects of ribavirin therapy in children hospitalized for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) lower respiratory tract infection. | 1997 | 9384333 |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) sh and g proteins are not essential for viral replication in vitro: clinical evaluation and molecular characterization of a cold-passaged, attenuated rsv subgroup b mutant. | a live, cold-passaged (cp) candidate vaccine virus, designated respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) b1 cp-52/2b5 (cp-52), replicated efficiently in vero cells, but was found to be overattenuated for rsv-seronegative infants and children. sequence analysis of reverse-transcription-pcr-amplified fragments of this mutant revealed a large deletion spanning most of the coding sequences for the small hydrophobic (sh) and attachment (g) proteins. northern blot analysis of cp-52 detected multiple unique re ... | 1997 | 9391135 |
| the need for inotropic support in a subgroup of infants with severe life-threatening respiratory syncytial viral infection. | we experienced an unusual complication of life-threatening respiratory syncytial viral disease cardiovascular compromise. life-threatening respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection has predominancy involved with ventilatory support for respiratory distress and/or failure. we performed a retrospective chart review of 20 consecutive infants admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (picu) for impending respiratory failure. | 1997 | 9394100 |
| structural properties of chimeric peptides containing a t-cell epitope linked to a fusion peptide and their importance for in vivo induction of cytotoxic t-cell responses. | we have previously shown that when administered to mice without adjuvant, a chimeric peptide consisting of the fusion peptide f from measles virus protein linked at the c-terminus of a cytotoxic t-cell epitope from the m2 protein of respiratory syncytial virus efficiently primes for an major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class-i restricted cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl) response. in this report, we demonstrated by microspectrofluorometry that the fusion-peptide moiety bound to the plasma membra ... | 1997 | 9395341 |
| evaluation of two live, cold-passaged, temperature-sensitive respiratory syncytial virus vaccines in chimpanzees and in human adults, infants, and children. | two live-attenuated, cold-passaged (cp), temperature-sensitive (ts) candidate vaccines, designated cpts530/1009 and cpts248/955, were attenuated, genetically stable, and immunogenic in chimpanzees and were highly attenuated for human adults. in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-seropositive children, cpts530/1009 was more restricted in replication than cpts248/955. in seronegative children, 10(4) pfu of cpts248/955 was insufficiently attenuated, and a high titer of vaccine virus was shed (mean p ... | 1997 | 9395351 |
| rate of seasonal spread of respiratory syncytial virus in a pediatric hospital. | the rate of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection was measured in a large pediatric hospital using an incidence density method. the at-risk days for nosocomial rsv were summed during a defined winter period in which there were 54 admissions with community-acquired rsv infection giving a rate of 2.9 cases per 1,000 at-risk days (95% confidence interval, 0.3-5.4 per 1,000). | 1997 | 9397377 |
| negative regulation of a heterologous promoter by human cytomegalovirus immediate-early protein ie2. | the hcmv ie2 protein promiscuously activates transcription of many viral and cellular genes. ie2 also negatively autoregulates its own expression by binding to a strategically positioned ie2 binding site, called crs, located immediately downstream of the tata box of the hcmv major ie promoter. here we show that ie2 is able to repress transcription driven by a heterologous promoter, rsv ltr. repression of rsv ltr by ie2 is completely dependent of dna sequences downstream of the tata box of rsv lt ... | 1997 | 9400610 |
| recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing the f, g or n, but not the m2, protein of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) induce resistance to brsv challenge in the calf and protect against the development of pneumonic lesions. | the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of recombinant vaccinia viruses (rvv) encoding the f, g, n or m2 (22k) proteins of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) were evaluated in calves, the natural host for brsv. calves were vaccinated either by scarification or intratracheally with rvv and challenged 6 to 7 weeks later with brsv. although replication of rvv expressing the f protein in the respiratory tract was limited after intratracheal vaccination, the levels of serum and pulmonary an ... | 1997 | 9400970 |
| secretory igm and iga antibodies to respiratory syncytial virus in nasopharyngeal aspirates: a diagnostic supplement to antigen detection. | rsv-shedding during an rsv-infection declines dramatically after the first week of infection. it could be of interest to be able to diagnose rsv-infection for a longer period of time by detection of specific rsv-igm and rsv-iga in nasopharyngeal aspirates (npa) in order to minimize unnecessary antibiotics. | 1997 | 9406652 |
| rapid detection of different rna respiratory virus species by multiplex rt-pcr: application to clinical specimens. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) applied in diagnostic and epidemiologic investigations is very useful for sensitivity, specificity and time saving. | 1997 | 9406653 |
| improved detection of respiratory syncytial virus in nasal aspirates by seminested rt-pcr. | a seminested rt-pcr for amplification of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-rna in nasal aspirates has been developed and used to test nasopharyngeal aspirates (npas) from 132 infants hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infections during winter epidemics. the results were compared with those obtained by virus isolation in tissue culture and antigen detection with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ag-elisa). rsv-rna was detected by seminested rt-pcr in 57 of the 59 samples that were posi ... | 1997 | 9407385 |
| update: respiratory syncytial virus activity -- united states, 1997-98 season. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a common cause of winter outbreaks of acute respiratory disease, results in an estimated 90,000 hospitalizations and 4500 deaths each year from lower respiratory tract disease among infants and young children in the united states. outbreaks occur annually throughout the country. rsv activity in the united states is monitored by the national respiratory and enteric virus surveillance system (nrevss), a voluntary, laboratory-based system. this report summarizes t ... | 1997 | 9408044 |
| respiratory syncytial virus prevent study questions. | 1997 | 9411385 | |
| respiratory syncytial virus prevent study questions. | 1997 | 9411386 | |
| respiratory syncytial virus prevent study questions. | 1997 | 9411387 | |
| immunization of cattle with a bhv1 vector vaccine or a dna vaccine both coding for the g protein of brsv. | a ge-negative bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) vector vaccine carrying a gene coding for the g protein of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) (bhv1/brsv-g) induced the same high degree of protection in calves against brsv infection and bhv1 infection as a multivalent commercial vaccine. a dna plasmid vaccine, carrying the same gene as the bhv1/brsv-g vaccine, significantly reduced brsv shedding after brsv infection compared with that in control calves, but less well than the bhv1/brsv-g vaccine ... | 1997 | 9413101 |
| the impact of cetirizine on microbial and viral infections. | 1997 | 9413630 | |
| peripheral blood t and b lymphocyte subpopulations in infants with acute respiratory syncytial virus brochiolitis. | most data concerning immunopathogenetic mechanisms involved in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection are derived from animal studies. in infants with rsv bronchiolitis the target organ i.e. the airway is hard to explore. we looked for specific alterations in peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations in infants hospitalized for rsv bronchiolitis. flow cytometric analysis with a large panel of monoclonals was performed on peripheral blood lymphocytes in thirty-two infants (mean age: 4.9 mon ... | 1997 | 9617780 |
| antibody responses against epitopes on the f protein of bovine respiratory syncytial virus differ in infected or vaccinated cattle. | the fusion protein f of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) is an important target for humoral and cellular immune responses, and antibodies against the f protein have been associated with protection. however, the f protein can induce antibodies with different biological activity, possibly related to distinct antigenic regions on the protein. therefore, epitopes were mapped on the f protein using monoclonal antibodies. two epitopes (a and b) were identified that induced neutralizing antibo ... | 1997 | 9672586 |
| role of individual n-linked oligosaccharide chains and different regions of bovine respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein in cell surface transport. | the role of n-linked glycosylation and various domains of the fusion (f) protein of bovine respiratory syncytial virus strain a51908 during transport to the cell surface were determined by mutating the four glycosylation sites and by constructing various truncation mutants. the cell surface expression of various mutant proteins was detected by surface immunofluorescence and cell surface biotinylation assay. we found that the glycosylation at positions gly1, gly2, gly3, and a truncation mutant wi ... | 1997 | 9672596 |
| serological indication for persistence of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in cattle and attempts to detect the virus. | to identify putative persistent bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) infections in cattle, seven cattle that had experienced brsv infections were treated with corticosteroids for two periods of 5 days. during the 5-day periods and the 3 weeks after treatment, attempts were made to isolate brsv from lung lavage fluid and nasal swab specimens. fluorescent antibody tests were used to detect brsv antigen in lung lavage cells. a brsv specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was developed, ... | 1997 | 9672628 |
| prevention and treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infections (for advances in pediatric infectious diseases). | 1997 | 9544306 | |
| new vaccines against mucosal pathogens: rotavirus and respiratory syncytial virus. | 1997 | 9544318 | |
| identification of two distinct populations of dendritic cells in afferent lymph that vary in their ability to stimulate t cells. | immunofluorescent staining and flow cytometric analysis of dendritic cells from cattle afferent lymph has established that within the afferent lymph veiled cells (alvc) there are two phenotypically distinct, major populations. one is cd11a+, cd5+, cd21- and expresses the bovine wc10 (workshop cluster 10) molecule and the ag recognized by mab cc81 but is not recognized by mabs cc149 and il-a24. the second alvc subpopulation is cd11a-, cd5-, cd21+/-, workshop cluster 10- and is not recognized by m ... | 1997 | 9548477 |
| virological and pathomorphological aspects in experimental infections with some triassociated pneumotropic viruses in the white mouse. | experimental infections were induced in white mice by intranasal administration of parainfluenza virus type 3, 739-2d strain, to which influenza virus a/beijing, 353/89 (h3n2) strain, and respiratory syncytial virus, long strain, were associated. the model was organized so as to obtain a triassociated infection, parainfluenza virus type 3 being inoculated the first and the other two viruses, in the following stages-ii and iii-, alternately. the infections were revealed by the presence of positiv ... | 1997 | 9836325 |
| vaccination against middle-ear bacterial and viral pathogens. | considerable evidence suggests that otitis media (om) can be prevented by systemic immunization. building on the highly effective h. influenzae type b (hib) conjugate vaccine technology, pneumococcal conjugate vaccines are being developed to circumvent t-independence of these antigens and provide durable immunity at a very young age. several pneumococcal conjugate vaccines are currently in clinical testing. potential vaccine antigens of nontypable h. influenzae (nthi) include omp, hmw, pili, and ... | 1997 | 9616694 |
| [effects of selenium supplement on acute lower respiratory tract infection caused by respiratory syncytial virus]. | an intervention study was conducted in 75 young children under one year hospitalized with pneumonia or bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) to evaluate therapeutic effectiveness of selenium (se) supplement on acute respiratory lower tract infection caused by rsv with randomly controlled and double-masked method. trial subjects were divided into two groups, one with 37 children in routine treatment and the other with 38 children in routine treatment plus se supplement. the co ... | 1997 | 9863072 |
| detection and subgrouping of respiratory syncytial virus directly from nasopharyngeal aspirates. | objective: to develop a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr)-based assay to identify the subgroup of the infecting respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) strain directly from nasopharyngeal aspirates (npas). methods: a total of 154 npas which were positive for rsv antigen by direct immunofluorescence were subjected to rt-pcr. the primers used were designed to give products for subgroup a and b which were of different sizes and easily visualized on agarose electrophoresis. the pcr ... | 1997 | 11864086 |
| regular pattern of respiratory syncytial virus and rotavirus infections and relation to weather in stockholm, 1984--1993. | objective: to seek the possible epidemiologic relationship between the two dominant pediatric infectious agents, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and rotavirus, and to analyze the relationship of rsv to influenza virus infections and climate. methods: in the laboratory register, we retrospectively identified pediatric cases less than 5 years of age from the period 1984--93 (including the winter of 1994). rsv was diagnosed by immunofluorescence in nasopharyngeal samples and rotavirus infections ... | 1997 | 11864206 |
| standardization of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) for quantitative estimation of antibodies specific for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza-3 virus, and bovine viral diarrhea virus. | commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) for detection of serum antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), parainfluenza-3 virus (pi3v), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (ibrv) were standardized to give a quantitative result when testing was performed at a single optimum dilution. for each test, serum samples were titrated and their end point titers calculated by an algebraic method directly from a plot of each titration series a ... | 1997 | 9087921 |
| advances in antiviral therapy. | for many years, acyclovir has been used to treat herpes simplex and varicella zoster infections in adults and children, although new drugs with improved bioavailability and dosage regimens (ie, famciclovir, valaciclovir) are replacing it for the outpatient management of these conditions in adults. acyclovir remains the treatment of choice for severe herpes infections in both immunocompetent and immunosuppressed patients. data on the newer antiherpes drugs in children are not available. treatment ... | 1997 | 9088751 |
| respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis is associated with the clinical signs and symptoms of small airway obstruction. a major public health problem throughout the world, this condition is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. management is primarily preventive, through strict hand washing, avoidance of exposure during the respiratory illness season and intravenously administered prophylactic anti-rsv immune globulin, especially in selected small infants with underlying c ... | 1997 | 9092277 |
| respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin intravenous: indications for use. american academy of pediatrics committee on infectious diseases, committee on fetus and newborn. | respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin intravenous (rsv-igiv) has been approved by the food and drug administration for use in the prevention of severe rsv infections in infants and children younger than 24 months with bronchopulmonary dysplasia or a history of premature birth (< or = 35 weeks of gestation). rsv-igiv administered monthly during the rsv season resulted in a 41% to 65% reduction in hospitalization rates in two clinical trials; however, rsv-igiv is costly, and intravenous admi ... | 1997 | 9093323 |
| analysis of linear epitopes recognised by the primary human antibody response to a variable region of the attachment (g) protein of respiratory syncytial virus. | the sites of linear epitopes in a variable region of the attachment (g) glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) that are recognised by the human antibody response were examined. two sets of overlapping 12mer peptides each representing the carboxy-terminal 84 or 85 amino acids of the g protein of two group a isolates of human rsv were synthesised. these peptides were analysed using enzyme-linked immunosorbant assays (elisa) for their reactions with sera obtained from infants with primar ... | 1997 | 9093944 |
| antigenic structure of the central conserved region of protein g of bovine respiratory syncytial virus. | epitopes were resolved at the amino acid level for nine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against the central conserved region of protein g of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv-g). peptide binding studies showed which amino acids in the epitope contributed to antibody binding. the details of the epitopes were compared with the high-resolution structure of a synthetic peptide corresponding to the central conserved region of brsv-g, and this indicated which face of the central conserved ... | 1997 | 9094683 |
| acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by respiratory syncytial virus. | acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards) complicating severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection has been described in only a few infants. in contrast to the low mortality rates usually associated with rsv infections (< 5%), mortality rates in the range of 40-70% have been reported in pediatric patients with ards. however, studies on patients with ards are usually lumped with respect to causation, and the disease course of rsv-induced ards has not been previously studied. we examined t ... | 1997 | 9094725 |
| risk factors for bronchiolitis: presentation of an on-going prospective clinical study. | 1997 | 9098778 | |
| effect of human milk prostaglandins and lactoferrin on respiratory syncytial virus and rotavirus. | the effect of lactoferrin and prostaglandins e and f2 alpha on the growth of rotavirus and respiratory syncytial virus in cell culture was investigated. lactoferrin inhibited the growth of respiratory syncytial virus at a concentration tenfold lower than that normally present in human milk. the prostaglandins had no effect on either virus growth, even at a concentration of 100-fold more than that found in human milk. lactoferrin may have some antiviral properties in human milk in addition to its ... | 1997 | 9099323 |
| other viral agents of perinatal importance. varicella, parvovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and enterovirus. | this article summarizes new information on the natural history of maternal varicella and maternal parvovirus b19. controversies in the therapy of respiratory syncytial virus are presented. prophylactic and therapeutic immunotherapy of neonatal enteroviral disease are reviewed. | 1997 | 9099510 |
| twenty years of outpatient respiratory syncytial virus infection: a framework for vaccine efficacy trials. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important viral respiratory pathogen of infancy and childhood. much has been written about inpatients with severe disease. inpatients, however, represent only a minority of rsv-infected children. we studied the characteristics of symptomatic outpatient rsv infection in healthy children to gain a better understanding of rsv disease and to provide a background for the testing of intervention strategies in children without high-risk conditions. | 1997 | 9099764 |
| does ribavirin impact on the hospital course of children with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection? an analysis using the pediatric investigators collaborative network on infections in canada (picnic) rsv database. | to determine the relationship between receipt of aerosolized ribavirin and the hospital course of high-risk infants and children with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) lower respiratory infection (lri). | 1997 | 9099772 |
| picnic (pediatric investigators collaborative network on infections in canada) study of the role of age and respiratory syncytial virus neutralizing antibody on respiratory syncytial virus illness in patients with underlying heart or lung disease. | to determine the effects of age and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) antibody status on frequency and severity of rsv infections in children with underlying heart or lung disease. | 1997 | 9099774 |
| sequence conservation in the attachment glycoprotein and antigenic diversity among bovine respiratory syncytial virus isolates. | partial nucleotide sequences were determined from the coding regions of the attachment glycoprotein (g) mrnas of eight isolates of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv). the antigenic characteristics of 18 field and reference isolates were analyzed using the reactivity patterns of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against the human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) and brsv g. fusion protein (f), nucleoprotein (n), and phosphoprotein (p), by radioimmunoprecipitation and immunofluorescen ... | 1997 | 9100323 |
| infant respiratory function after rsv-proven bronchiolitis. | the mechanisms underlying the increased risk of wheezing in early childhood following acute bronchiolitis in infancy remain unclear. previous studies have reported significant abnormalities in infant respiratory function after clinical recovery from bronchiolitis, but are difficult to interpret because of the frequent omission of a concurrent comparison group. respiratory function was compared within pairs of previously healthy full-term caucasian infants admitted with a first episode of acute b ... | 1997 | 9105078 |
| guidelines for prevention of nosocomial pneumonia. centers for disease control and prevention. | this document updates and replaces cdc's previously published "guideline for prevention of nosocomial pneumonia" (infect control 1982;3:327-33, respir care 1983;28:221-32, and am j infect control 1983;11:230-44). this revised guideline is designed to reduce the incidence of nosocomial pneumonia and is intended for use by personnel who are responsible for surveillance and control of infections in acute-care hospitals; the information may not be applicable in long-term-care facilities because of t ... | 1997 | 9036304 |
| inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus replication by antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotides. | oligodeoxyribonucleotides targeted against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) genomic rna inhibited rsv replication in cell culture by an apparent antisense mechanism. hep-2 cells were infected with rsv strain a2 and incubated in the presence of oligonucleotides. virus replication was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), virus yield assay, or production of specific rsv mrnas. using elisa, 50% effective concentration (ec50) values were about 0.5-1 microm for an antisense oligonuc ... | 1997 | 9037376 |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) immune globulin intravenous therapy for rsv lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children at high risk for severe rsv infections: respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin study group. | to evaluate the efficacy of high-titer intravenous respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin (rsvig) in the treatment of children at high risk for severe rsv infection who were hospitalized with proven rsv. | 1997 | 9041304 |
| reducing the morbidity of lower respiratory tract infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus: still no answer. | 1997 | 9041306 | |
| respiratory syncytial virus induces selective production of the chemokine rantes by upper airway epithelial cells. | the presence of histamine and eosinophil cationic protein in nasopharyngeal secretions of infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced bronchiolitis implies the activation of basophil and eosinophil leukocytes, but the specific mechanism of their recruitment has not been elucidated. chemokines are potent and selective leukocyte chemotactic molecules that are also expressed by airway epithelial cells. therefore, the pattern of chemokines produced in response to rsv infection was investi ... | 1997 | 9041319 |
| a common ailment. | 1997 | 9043336 | |
| extracorporeal life support for the treatment of viral pneumonia: collective experience from the elso registry. extracorporeal life support organization. | viral pneumonia is the most common indication for pediatric extracorporeal life support (ecls). despite this fact, no previous studies have directly stratified patient outcome according to viral etiology. | 1997 | 9044128 |
| targeting rna decay with 2',5' oligoadenylate-antisense in respiratory syncytial virus-infected cells. | treatment of human cells with 2',5' oligoadenylate covalently linked to antisense (2-5a-antisense) results in the selective cleavage of targeted rna species by 2-5a-dependent rnase l. here we show that 2-5a-antisense containing stabilizing modifications at both termini are effective in suppressing the replication of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in human tracheal epithelial cells. the affinity of 2-5a-antisense for different regions in the rsv m2 and l mrnas was predicted from a computer-gen ... | 1997 | 9050883 |
| expression in escherichia coli and purification of soluble forms of the f protein of bovine respiratory syncytial virus. | six fragments of the f gene from bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) were engineered into the pmal-c2 escherichia coli expression vector and expressed as c-terminal maltose-binding protein (mbp) fusion products. the resulting polypeptides were partially soluble and single-step purified by affinity chromatography. these fusion proteins were recognized in western blots by several mabs directed against human respiratory syncytial virus f protein. in addition, rabbit polyclonal antisera raised ... | 1997 | 9056494 |
| antigenic and molecular analyses of the variability of bovine respiratory syncytial virus g glycoprotein. | antigenic variation among eight bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) isolates was determined using monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific for the attachment (g) protein. two major (and one intermediate) subgroups were identified, as well as one strain that did not fit any pattern. the subgroups could also be differentiated on the basis of the mr of the f protein cleavage product, f2. the nucleotide sequence of the g gene of seven of the brsv strains was determined and compared with published ... | 1997 | 9018058 |
| functional analysis of antibody responses of feedlot cattle to bovine respiratory syncytial virus following vaccination with mixed vaccines. | the antibody response of cattle to bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) immunization was investigated using 4 different commercially available mixed vaccines. forty, 5-6 month old, beef calves, randomly assigned to groups of 10, were vaccinated on day 0 and 21 with 1 of 3 inactivated vaccines, (3 groups), or a modified live virus (mlv) vaccine. brsv-specific antibody responses were measured prior to vaccination and on day 35 by using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), virus neutr ... | 1997 | 9008797 |
| a multivalent minigene vaccine, containing b-cell, cytotoxic t-lymphocyte, and th epitopes from several microbes, induces appropriate responses in vivo and confers protection against more than one pathogen. | the development of safe and effective vaccines remains a major goal in the prevention, and perhaps treatment, of infectious diseases. ideally, a single vaccine would confer protection against several pathogens and would induce both cellular and humoral arms of the immune response. we originally demonstrated that two virus-specific cytotoxic t-lymphocyte (ctl) epitopes, from the same virus but presented by different major histocompatibility complex alleles, when linked in tandem as minigenes in a ... | 1997 | 9032365 |
| persistence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and development of rsv-specific igg1 response in a guinea-pig model of acute bronchiolitis. | acute respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis in children can result in sequelae of recurrent wheezing and asthma and production of rsv-specific immunoglobulin e (ige), but the pathogenesis of these sequeleae is poorly understood. guinea-pigs experimentally inoculated with human rsv show histological evidence of acute bronchiolitis and chronic persistence of viral antigens and genome in the lungs; whether this persistence is due to infectious replicating virus, and whether infected anima ... | 1997 | 9032486 |
| from the centers for disease control and prevention. update: respiratory syncytial virus activity--united states, 1996-97 season. | 1997 | 8980197 | |
| increase in cd23+ b cells in infants with bronchiolitis is accompanied by appearance of ige and igg4 antibodies specific for respiratory syncytial virus. | infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) may induce asthma-like symptoms and rsv-specific ige in infected infants as a result of th2-like response to rsv. the effect of rsv infection on the expression of b cell antigens cd21 and cd23, putative participants in th2 responses, was investigated. samples from bronchiolitic infants (n = 19) were tested by three-color immunofluorescence flow cytometry during the acute phase of infection and 4-6 weeks later. in 6 of 10 rsv-positive infants, the ... | 1997 | 8985193 |
| virus-specific memory and effector t lymphocytes exhibit different cytokine responses to antigens during experimental murine respiratory syncytial virus infection. | mice sensitized to the g (attachment) or f (fusion) glycoproteins of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) expressed different patterns of cytokine production and lung pathology when challenged by intranasal infection with rsv. five days after challenge, mice sensitized to g glycoprotein produced high levels of interleukin-4 (il-4) and il-5 in the lungs and spleens and developed extensive pulmonary eosinophilia, while mice sensitized to f glycoprotein produced il-2 and developed a mononuclear cell i ... | 1997 | 8985399 |
| detection of antibodies to respiratory syncytial virus attachment and nucleocapsid proteins with recombinant baculovirus-expressed antigens. | the ability to measure antibodies against individual respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) proteins is important in the analysis of immune responses to rsv. we expressed the nucleocapsid (n) protein and the group a and b rsv attachment (g) proteins from recombinant baculoviruses. the three recombinant rsv proteins were used individually in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa; bac-elisa for results from assays of all three proteins). the bac-elisa results were compared to the results obtained ... | 1997 | 9003595 |
| reduction of respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization among premature infants and infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia using respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin prophylaxis. the prevent study group. | to determine the safety and efficacy of monthly prophylaxis with respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin, intravenous (rsv-igiv) for reduction of the incidence of rsv-associated hospitalization. | 1997 | 8989345 |
| respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin intravenous. | to review the clinical data detailing the use of respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin intravenous (rsv-igiv) in infants and children. data sources; a medline search (1990-1996) was used to identify all publications that dealt with rsv-igiv clinical trials, pharmacology, and pharmacokinetics in infants and children. bibliographies of articles were also used. | 1997 | 8997472 |
| rhinovirus infection associated with serious lower respiratory illness in patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. | to determine the characteristics of rhinovirus infection in patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. | 1997 | 9002100 |
| vitamin a therapy for respiratory syncytial virus infection. | 1997 | 9002114 | |
| autocrine regulation of interleukin-8 by interleukin-1alpha in respiratory syncytial virus-infected pulmonary epithelial cells in vitro. | respiratory epithelial cells infected with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) produce interleukin-8 (il-8); however, the mechanisms of rsv-induced regulation of il-8 are poorly understood. in the present study, the regulation of il-8 by rsv was evaluated using pulmonary type ii-like epithelials (a549). live purified rsv (prsv) induced a significant increase in il-8 after 8 hr of exposure, while conditioned supernatants from prsv-infected a549 cells (crsv) induced il-8 production in fresh a549 cul ... | 1998 | 9893037 |
| [current status of acute respiratory infections in children under five years of age in nairobi, kenya]. | two hundreds and twenty-six children under five years of age with pneumonia were recruited from an urban poor area in nairobi, kenya, and examined for pathogens for 1 year from february 1997. one hundred and twenty-eight of the 226 patients were pathogen-positive cases. the patients under 1-year-old were 61.8% of the pathogen-positive cases. a total 192 organisms were isolated from 128 pathogen-positive patients. streptococcus pneumoniae had the highest prevalence rate of 31.3%, followed by resp ... | 1998 | 9916415 |
| respiratory viruses in children attending a major referral centre in saudi arabia. | viral respiratory infections are common causes of illness in infants and children. examination of clinical specimens submitted for diagnosis during a 3-year period (august 1993-july 1996) at king faisal specialist hospital and research center (kfsh & rc) in riyadh revealed a wide spectrum of diseases associated with the isolation of five respiratory viruses. severity of disease ranged from mild upper respiratory illness to threatening lower respiratory illnesses including bronchiolitis and pneum ... | 1998 | 9924568 |
| [prevention and therapy of bronchiolitis: current status]. | 1998 | 9949584 | |
| interactions between cellular actin and human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv). | actin the main component of the cellular microfilament network, is present in human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) purified virions, as an internal component. this fact and the results of immunoprecipitation studies indicate that during hrsv infection in hep-2 cells there are interactions between cellular actin and viral components, that can promote a transitory increase in the polymerization of synthetized actin, mainly of the beta isotype. this increased actin polymerization can be related ... | 1998 | 9617766 |
| isolation of a cytopathogenic virus from a case of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) and its characterization as parainfluenza virus type 2. | from a lung of a fetus of a breeding sow showing prrs-like symptoms a viral agent could be isolated. it was characterized as an enveloped, hemagglutinating rna virus. ultrastructural examination of purified virus revealed paramyxovirus-like pleomorphic virions of approx. 200 nm in diameter. the helical nucleocapsids were about 18 nm in diameter. the virus was found to be antigenically related to simian virus 5 (sv5) a prototype strain of parainfluenza virus type 2, but not to bovine respiratory ... | 1998 | 9856104 |
| influence of maternal antibodies on vaccine responses: inhibition of antibody but not t cell responses allows successful early prime-boost strategies in mice. | the transfer of maternal antibodies to the offspring and their inhibitory effects on active infant immunization is an important factor hampering the use of certain vaccines, such as measles or respiratory syncytial virus vaccine, in early infancy. the resulting delay in protection by conventional or novel vaccines may have significant public health consequences. to define immunization approaches which may circumvent this phenomenon, experiments were set up to further elucidate its immunological ... | 1998 | 9862350 |