Publications

imprints of virus infection: can paramyxoviruses permanently modify triacylglycerol metabolism?	we have examined whether the passage of a paramyxovirus in a cell (bgm, african green monkey kidney) or animal (swiss mouse) can permanently modify its metabolism. in an in vitro model in which cells had been cured of a measles virus persistent infection, the cells retained the modifications affecting lipid metabolism and composition induced during the infection. in a canine distemper virus mouse model, the same virus-induced modifications were observed in mice after the virus had been eliminate ...	1986	3762334
[antiviral action of lysolecithin analogs against human pathogenic viruses].	the virucidal effect, the inhibition of virus adsorption and penetration and the influence on later phases of replication of human pathogenic viruses were studied. the compounds showed a significant virucidal effect to enveloped viruses (measles virus, herpes virus type 1 and 2), whereas the compounds were ineffective against nonenveloped viruses (coxsackie virus a9 and b1, attenuated poliovirus type 1, adenovirus type 1). interactions with the viral envelope are supposed.	1986	3763682
nk-sensitivity of virus-carrier target cells.	peripheral blood lymphocytes from selected donors have a higher natural killer (nk) activity against the cells of a human erythroblastoid line (k-562) persistently infected with measles virus or herpes simplex virus type 1 than against their uninfected counterparts. the mechanisms by which persistent infection may enhance the nk activity displayed by lymphocytes are discussed.	1986	3765389
[synthesis of measles virus proteins in chronically infected human cell cultures].	synthesis of measles virus proteins in primary and chronic infection of l-41 and hep-2 cells was studied by radioimmunoprecipitation test and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. synthesis of measles virus main structural proteins, h, p, np, and m, was found to occur in chronically infected cells. persistence of measles virus in the systems under study was shown not to be accompanied by changes in electrophoretic mobility of virus polypeptides as compared with proteins synthesized in primary infe ...	1986	3765567
degradation of human normal immunoglobulin preparations and the level of measles virus antibodies.	seventy-four batches of normal human immunoglobulin of placental origin (nhip) and 25 batches of the preparation derived from the serum (nhis) were tested. the batches were divided into groups (a-e) according to production date and presence of sediment. the degree of degradation of nhi preparations was determined measuring the components soluble in trichloroacetic acid (tcasc), performing molecular filtration or carrying out electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel. the level of antibodies to measl ...	1986	3772093
vaccinated children get milder measles infection: a community study from guinea-bissau.	we studied the occurrence of measles in vaccinated children from an urban area of guinea-bissau where measles causes high mortality. vaccinated children who developed measles required more-intense exposure to become infected (they had a higher ratio of secondary cases [infected in the house] to index cases [infected outside the house]), had a lower mortality among secondary cases, and were less infectious (they generated fewer secondary cases than did unvaccinated children with measles). the att ...	1986	3772165
a long-term follow-up study on the efficacy of further attenuated live measles vaccine, biken cam vaccine.	antibody persistence was measured in 39 children in an open community 12-13 years after immunization against measles with further attenuated live vaccine, biken cam. serum samples of the children taken every two or three years after vaccination had higher, lower, or the same hi antibody titers as those in samples taken 6 weeks after vaccination. these differences reflected a decrease in the titer in some children and subclinical natural reinfection in others. however, all the children still reta ...	1986	3778422
the nucleotide sequence of the mrna encoding the fusion protein of measles virus (edmonston strain): a comparison of fusion proteins from several different paramyxoviruses.	membrane fusion is the primary cytopathic effect observed in cells infected with measles virus. the viral protein responsible for this process has previously been defined as the fusion (f) protein. fusion is activated by the proteolytic cleavage of a precursor molecule (f0) to yield two disulfide-linked polypeptides (f1 and f2). in this paper the mrna for the membrane fusion protein has been cloned and the resulting cdnas were sequenced. a mrna composed of 2377 nucleotides was found to contain o ...	1986	3788062
round cell variant of measles virus: mechanisms involved in the establishment of defective viral infection of the central nervous system.	during acute cns infection of newborn hamsters with the lec strain of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis-derived measles virus, two distinct phases of viral replication occur. the first involves complete replication of the virus with accumulation of cell-free virus, while the second phase is characterized by incomplete viral replication with virus being isolatable only by cocultivation techniques. it has now been shown that the transition between these infection states is associated with a 10,0 ...	1986	3788063
[seroconversion with measles vaccine in children 8-18 months old].		1986	3790224
evaluation of a combined measles-mumps-rubella-chickenpox vaccine.	there was neither a difference in the (low) percentage of only harmless side-reactions nor in the rate of sero-conversions (between 95-100%), when groups of 15 to 24 months old children were vaccinated either with the single components or with a combined mmr + chickenpox-vaccine of a high potency.	1986	3030863
the combination measles, mumps, rubella and varicella vaccine in healthy children.	a clinical trial was conducted to compare the combination measles, mumps, rubella, varicella vaccine (mmrv) and the standard measles, mumps, rubella vaccine and subsequent varicella vaccine (mmr + v) in 15 to 17 month old healthy children. both the mmrv and mmr + v schedules stimulated virtually 100% seroconversion for all component viruses. mean antibody titers were similar for each virus component in the two vaccine groups. clinical reactivity post immunization was also similar with 25-29% mor ...	1986	3030864
peripheral blood mononuclear cells during natural measles virus infection: cell surface phenotypes and evidence for activation.	peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 25 patients with measles and 13 patients with other diseases from lima, peru, were studied by immunocytochemical staining for cell surface antigens indicating the type of cell (leu 4, leu 3, t8, b1, m1, or esterase) and the state of cell activation (t10 and il-2 receptor). measles patients were studied during the first 2 weeks of disease and had no alteration in the proportion of cells which were positive for any subset marker or in the ratio of helper/ind ...	1986	3087668
subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: detection of measles virus rna in appendix lymphoid tissue before clinical signs.	an appendix removed 15 days before onset of symptoms of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis was examined retrospectively for measles virus ribonucleic acid (rna). tissue sections hybridised in situ to a cloned measles virus probe of deoxyribonucleic acid specific for nucleocapsid protein showed that many cells of the lymphoid tissue contained measles virus rna. in contrast, only a few infected lymphoid cells were detected in three out of six seropositive controls and none in three seronegative i ...	1986	3092900
effect of measles-virus infection and interferon treatment on invasiveness of shigella flexneri in hep2-cell cultures.	the influence of measles-virus infection on the invasiveness of shigella flexneri in hep2-cell cultures was studied. bacterial invasiveness was significantly enhanced in cell cultures incubated with virus before bacterial inoculation. this effect was a function of time after introduction of virus to the cell cultures and of the concentration of virus. the increase in bacterial invasiveness was observed before production of infectious virus particles and before a cytopathic effect was evident. a ...	1986	3098977
analysis of viral antigens in giant cells of measles pneumonia by immunoperoxidase method.	the localization of measles virus proteins was analyzed by immunoperoxidase method using both monospecific and monoclonal antibodies. in vero cells infected with the edmonston or eb-l strain, the former being a laboratory strain and the latter a fresh isolate from a measles patient, nucleocapsid protein was located in the nuclei, and matrix protein, phosphoprotein, haemagglutinin and fusion protein were located in the cytoplasm. in the lung tissues of eight cases with measles giant cell pneumoni ...	1986	3099456
[immunologic reactivity and arachidonic acid metabolism in patients with multiple sclerosis. study of mononuclear leukocyte adherence inhibition].		1986	3100067
postnatal changes of igg and igm levels in squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus).	serum igg and igm levels were measured in domestically bred squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) ranging in age from 0 days to 42 months, as well as in adult squirrel monkeys from the wild estimated to be 60 months or older. the results indicated that the transplacental transfer of igg occurs in the squirrel monkey but the transferability is lower in the squirrel monkey than in the cynomolgus monkey. immune response in the squirrel monkey occurs just after birth, as shown by igm production.	1986	3100807
[antibodies to measles, smallpox, influenza and arenaviruses in schizophrenic patients].	the levels of hemagglutinating antibodies to measles, smallpox, influenza viruses and of complement-fixing antibody to lymphocytic choriomeningitis, takaribe, amapari viruses were studied, in the blood sera of 77 schizophrenics and 44 normal donors. the investigation revealed definite differences. the schizophrenic patients had a statistically significant elevation in the titres of anti-smallpox antibodies. a certain increase in levels of antibodies to the measles virus was observed. there were ...	1986	3006408
the predicted primary structure of the measles virus hemagglutinin.	the complete nucleotide sequence of cloned cdnas corresponding to the full length of the mrna encoding the measles virus hemagglutinin (h) protein has been determined. the mrna contains a single large open reading frame which is capable of encoding a protein of 617 amino acids with a molecular mass of 69,250 da. the deduced amino acid structure of the protein indicates that the only major hydrophobic region of sufficient length to anchor the molecule in membranes is located near the amino termin ...	1986	3008420
rapid dot-immunobinding assay on nitrocellulose for viral antibodies.	a procedure is described for the routine laboratory diagnosis of viral serum antibodies. antigens are dotted on nitrocellulose strips or sheets, and sera are applied on absorbent paper strips. antigen-antibody complexes are detected with enzyme-conjugated antiglobulin and development of a colored, insoluble substrate product. the test allows processing of multiple sera in one 3- to 5-h operation and is equal to or more sensitive than serum neutralization, hemagglutination inhibition, and fluores ...	1986	3009525
anti-f(ab')2 antibodies in thrombocytopenic patients at risk for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.	22 homosexual or narcotic addict patients at risk for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) or with aids, were studied for the presence of antiimmunoglobulin antibodies and circulating immune complexes (20 were thrombocytopenic, 6 had aids). circulating immune complex levels were 10-fold higher than levels in normal subjects. igg anti-f(ab')2 antibodies were noted in homosexual as well as narcotic addict patients. of 16 homosexual patients, 7 had igg anti-f(ab')2 antibody of moderate to mark ...	1986	3011860
conserved structures among the nucleocapsid proteins of the paramyxoviridae: complete nucleotide sequence of human parainfluenza virus type 3 np mrna.	the nucleotide sequence of the mrna coding for the nucleocapsid protein (np) of the paramyxovirus, human parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv-3), has been determined. the np mrna was found to contain 1642 bases, excluding poly(a), and encode a protein of 515 amino acids, with a molecular weight of 57,823. amino acid residues 1 through 420 of piv-3 np protein showed extensive sequence homology with the corresponding amino acids of sendai virus nucleocapsid protein. there was virtually no homology betw ...	1986	3012866
susceptibility of endothelial cells derived from different blood vessels to common viruses.	we examined whether endothelial cells derived from different blood vessels vary in their susceptibility to viral infection. five common viral pathogens of humans (herpes simplex 1, measles, mumps, echo 9, and coxsackie b4 viruses) were evaluated for growth in endothelial cells derived from bovine fetal pulmonary artery, thoracic aorta, and vena cava. all five viruses replicated in each type of endothelial cell. there were apparent differences in the quantities of measles and mumps viruses produc ...	1986	3015862
dna restriction fragment length polymorphism of hla-dr2: correlation with hla-dr2-associated functions.	hla-dr2 can be divided into at least 3 distinct hla-d clusters which correlate with structural differences within the hla-d region. further, a functional counterpart of this subdivision has been previously identified. the presence of a particular dr beta 2 polypeptide chain correlated precisely with the susceptibility of measles virus-infected hla-dr2 homozygous typing cell lines to lysis by measles virus-specific, hla class ii-restricted ctl clones. to determine if a genetic basis for these fun ...	1986	3016025
cloning and expression of a viral phosphoprotein: structure suggests vesicular stomatitis virus ns may function by mimicking an rna template.	the phosphoprotein (ns) gene from the indiana serotype of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv; mudd-summers strain) was cloned and sequenced. the ns gene encodes a protein of 265 amino acids which was expressed from a simian virus 40 vector in cos cells. the post-translational modification characteristic of viral ns, the extensive phosphorylation of a cluster of serine and threonine residues, was also evident in recombinant ns protein. the ns gene displays a property common to the phosphoprotein gen ...	1986	3016152
messenger rna encoding the phosphoprotein (p) gene of human parainfluenza virus 3 is bicistronic.	the complete nucleotide sequence of the phosphoprotein (p) mrna of human parainfluenza virus 3 (piv-3) was derived from two cdna clones spanning almost the entire p gene. the mrna, excluding the poly(a) tail, is 2014 nucleotides long and is bicistronic. the first open reading frame (orf) codes for the phosphoprotein (p) of mol wt 68,860. seven nucleotides downstream from the first aug codon, in a +1 reading frame, there is an additional orf which can code for a polypeptide of mol wt 23,266. the ...	1986	3016995
production of specific antibodies by cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytes in patients with herpes zoster, mumps meningitis and herpes simplex virus encephalitis.	we applied a new method consisting of short-term culture (18 h) of lymphocytes from cerebrospinal fluid (csf-l) and peripheral blood (pbl) in viral antigen-coated elisa plates and subsequent measurement of igg and igm antibodies bound to antigen. utilizing mumps virus, herpes simplex virus (hsv), varicella zoster virus (vzv), and measles virus as antigens, we demonstrated production by csf-l of antibodies against the aetiological agent only in all patients with mumps meningitis and hsv encephali ...	1986	3018917
detection of mink enteritis virus in mink feces, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, hemagglutination, and electron microscopy.	twenty-five mink were inoculated with mink enteritis virus (mev). fecal specimens were collected daily and were simultaneously evaluated for mev antigen by use of a direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), hemagglutination (ha), and electron microscopy. results of the evaluations indicated that mev was shed in the feces on postinoculation days 5 and 6. the virus was not detectable by elisa or ha after postinoculation day 6, although viruses were found in reduced numbers by use of electr ...	1986	3021033
circulating immune complexes in patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.	levels of immune complexes (ics) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) specimens from subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) patients were measured using a solid-phase c1q radioimmunoassay. single or serial serum specimens were available from 19 patients, while serial csf specimens were available from two patients. ics isolated from one csf specimen by c1q immobilized to affi-gel were analyzed for measles virus antigens by binding of measles virus-specific antisera and by polyacrylamide gel ...	1986	2943544
[relation between canine morbilli virus infection and the measles antibody titer in patients with multiple sclerosis].		1986	2948261
the pathogenesis of slow virus infections: molecular analyses.	slow infections raise some novel issues in understanding the pathogenesis of viral diseases that have been increasingly addressed at the molecular level with in situ hybridization. these developments are reviewed as the framework for discussion of the realized and potential impact of these investigations for major neurological afflictions of humans and for aids.	1986	2419455
measles induced remission of psoriasis.	a 6-year-old girl suffering from severe psoriasis had been treated unsuccessfully by various conventional methods. she developed measles and, on recovery from measles, the psoriasis soon cleared up and now, 6 months later, she still has had no further recurrence. the basic defect in psoriasis, basal cell hyperplasia and defective keratinization, may well be immunologically mediated. measles virus, by its immunosuppressive effect can lead to remission of psoriasis.	1986	2435240
dogs and paget's disease.		1986	2867281
detection of measles-specific igm antibodies: comparison of 2-mercaptoethanol treatment, density gradient centrifugation, protein a-sepharose affinity chromatography, ion-exchange chromatography and haemadsorption techniques.	the sensitivity, specificity and effectivity of 5 methods for detection of measles-specific igm antibodies were compared. a total of 371 sera from non-immunized as well as immunized measles patients was included into the study. the highest positive rate was achieved by the haemadsorption-immunosorbent (hist) test. the density gradient (dg) centrifugation and the ion-exchange chromatography (iercr) were 10-15% less effective. protein a-sepharose affinity chromatography (acr) and 2-mercaptoethanol ...	1986	2878584
characterization of messenger rnas of measles virus.	ten different rna species associated with measles virus were detected in virus-infected cells. the largest rna (no. 1) was considered to be genomic rna and the other nine rnas were found to have a methylated cap as well as a poly(a) tail. northern blot hybridization indicated that rnas no. 2 and 7 to 10 correspond to mrnas encoding structural proteins, and that rnas no. 3 to 6 are intermediate-sized (is)rnas. the possibility that the isrnas represent defective interfering rna or a precursor form ...	1986	2878970
measles virus-induced mononuclear leukocyte adherence inhibition: effect of some drugs influencing arachidonic acid metabolic pathways.	effect of some drugs influencing arachidonic acid metabolic pathways upon the measles virus-induced leukocyte adherence inhibition was investigated in multiple sclerosis patients and in the control group. the drugs used were natrium salicylate, ethanol, and phenidon(1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidon). statistically significant differences were proved between multiple sclerosis patients and controls using phenidon, a drug inhibiting both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways of the arachidonic acid metab ...	1986	2881471
round cell variant of measles virus: neurovirulence and pathogenesis of acute encephalitis in newborn hamsters.	a subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) strain of measles virus has been previously shown to be composed of two interrelated but separable viral variants. one of these, the syncytiagenic or s variant, resembles defective, cell-associated strains of measles virus; while the other, the round cell inducing or rc variant, induces a highly productive infection in cell culture. it is now reported that the s variant is more neurovirulent in newborn hamsters than the rc variant and that viral repli ...	1986	3942037
synthesis of measles virus-specific igm antibodies and igm-class rheumatoid factor in relation to clinical onset of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.	thirty-seven serum and 37 cerebrospinal fluid (csf) specimens from 27 patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) were tested for measles virus (mv) igm antibodies and igm-class rheumatoid factor (rf) to determine if a temporal relationship exists between sspe onset and these immunoglobulins. sensitive solid-phase radioimmunoassays were used for immunoglobulin detection. five of six mv igm-positive csf, both mv igm-positive sera and six out of eight sera with elevated rf levels were ...	1986	3944591
involvement of actin filaments in budding of measles virus: studies on cytoskeletons of infected cells.	cytoskeletons were prepared from measles virus infected hela cells to investigate the involvement of cytoskeletal filaments in virus budding at the plasma membrane. the cytoskeletons retained nearly 80% of measles virus hemagglutinin, the major viral polypeptides, including p, np, and m, and 2 to 12% of the total cell bound infectivity. as demonstrated with platinum- and carbon-shadowed cytoskeletons, all stages of budding, i.e., virus specific strands, stub-like protrusions, and completely roun ...	1986	3946081
filamentous structures morphologically similar to viral nucleocapsids in otosclerotic lesions in two patients.	two of four patients with active stapedial otospongiosis had abnormal filamentous structures in osteoblast-like cells. these structures were rare in these cells and did not occur in any other cells. the structures were 17 nm wide and clustered in a loose skein in dilated cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. they resembled the nucleocapsids of subacute sclerosing panenecephalitis, a variant of measles virus.	1986	3946578
measles igm antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid and serum in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.	using a direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), we examined serum and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) from six patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) and control subjects for presence of measles-virus-specific igm antibodies. all samples from the sspe patients contained demonstrable titers of measles antibodies. the levels of measles igm antibodies were higher in csf diluted 1:5 than in serum diluted 1:50, reflecting a local production of igm antibodies in the central nervo ...	1986	3950583
cross-sex transmission of infection and increased mortality due to measles.	in an urban and a rural area of guinea-bissau, the incidence of and mortality due to measles were followed over four years. significantly higher case-fatality ratios among secondary cases occurred when infection was transmitted across sexes than within the same sex. the case-fatality ratio was highest for girls infected by boys and lowest for girls infected by girls. published reports of cases of fatal measles indicate a similar tendency. apparently, no general background factor or difference in ...	1986	3952421
cold urticaria and virus infections: a clinical and serological study in 39 patients.	thirty-nine patients with cold urticaria seen over a 12-year-period were re-examined. all but 12 still had positive skin tests for cold and only five of these had shown a spontaneous cure. fourteen patients were prone to collapse on cold exposure. the incidence of atopy in this group was comparable to that in control groups. cold urticaria is an extremely chronic disease. the mean disease duration was 9.3 years. serum antibodies to epstein-barr virus, measles virus, cytomegalovirus (cmv), varice ...	1986	3954951
preparation of apical plasma membranes from cells grown on coverslips. electron microscopic investigations of the protoplasmic surface.	we introduce here a simple method which permits an efficient isolation of apical plasma membranes from tissue culture cells and the electron microscopic examination of their protoplasmic surfaces by use of the platinum/carbon replica technique. different procedures were tested with regard to the efficiency of isolation and preservation of ultrastructure. best results were obtained by prestabilization of cell surfaces with low concentrations of tannic acid prior to isolation. to demonstrate the p ...	1986	3956518
measles encephalitis in rodents: defective expression of viral proteins.	synthesis of measles virus proteins in rodent brains and vero cell cultures infected with the hamster neurotropic (hnt), and for comparison the lec strain, was studied by use of monoclonal antibodies against five structural components. in the brains of hnt-infected adult balb/c mice two proteins, the nucleocapsid (np) and phosphoprotein (p) were detected. suckling hamster brains in addition expressed demonstrable hemagglutinin (ha) protein. in cell cultures all structural components except the m ...	1986	3958758
subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: remission after treatment with intraventricular interferon.	three children with stage ii-iii subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) were treated with intraventricular human leukocyte interferon for 6 months. all three improved to varying degrees and for different lengths of time. clinical remissions were associated with decreased titers of antibody to measles virus in csf and with reduced rates of intrathecal igg synthesis. there were no serious complications or side effects. intraventricular interferon deserves further study as a potential therapeut ...	1986	3960334
impact of revaccinating children who initially received measles vaccine before 10 months of age.	two hundred fifty-four infants who had received measles vaccine at less than 10 months of age were revaccinated at greater than or equal to 15 months of age, and their immune responses were compared with 129 control infants who received their first doses of measles vaccine at greater than or equal to 15 months of age. sera were collected at the time of revaccination (study infants) or primary vaccination (control infants), 3 weeks, and 8 months later and tested for antibody by hemagglutination i ...	1986	3960615
optimum age for measles immunization in romania.	from 1979 to 1985 a serological survey was carried out to evaluate the opportunity to start measles vaccination at the age of 9 months. the following aspects were investigated: the persistence of maternal measles antibodies in 188 infants aged 1-8 months: such antibodies could not be detected over 7 months of age; the antibody response to measles vaccination in 181 infants vaccinated at the age of 9-11 months versus 291 children vaccinated when aged more than 12 months: no significant difference ...	1986	3962178
subacute sclerosing panencephalitis in northern ireland: twenty years' experience.	subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) is a rare degenerative disease of the central nervous system that affects primarily children and adolescents. it is a late manifestation of measles virus infection. in a 20-year period (1965-85) there have been 26 cases of sspe in northern ireland, a frequency of approximately one case per 1.2 million population per year. males were affected more frequently than females. in other parts of the world the incidence of this disease has been dramatically red ...	1986	3811010
rapid degradation restricts measles virus matrix protein expression in a subacute sclerosing panencephalitis cell line.	measles virus matrix protein expression is restricted in the persistently infected brain cells of patients with the chronic neurological disease subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe). prior studies of the nature of this restriction have identified polyadenylylated matrix gene-encoded rna transcripts unable to direct effective translation. the defective nature of these mrnas readily accounted for the inability to detect matrix protein in these persistently infected cells and suggested that i ...	1986	3464005
[contribution of modern research technics to the identification of a virus in paget's disease of bone].	the morphological resemblance between osteoclast inclusions in paget's bone disease and viral structures has encouraged new research with immunocytologic methods and in situ hybridization. paramyxovirus antigens of measles virus and respiratory syncitial virus were detected in pagetic osteoclasts using polyclonal antibodies. paramyxovirus antigens of measles virus, simian virus (sv 5) and human parainfluenza virus (pf 3) were demonstrated using monoclonal and monospecific polyclonal antibodies. ...	1986	3620721
measles virus haemagglutinin gene: cloning, complete nucleotide sequence analysis and expression in cos cells.	a measles virus (hallé strain) cdna library was prepared by cloning virus-induced mrna directly into the expression vector pcd. clones corresponding to the measles virus haemagglutinin (ha) gene were isolated and one, pcd-ha-15, which corresponded to the complete mrna sequence, was further characterized. after transfection into cos-7 cells, measles virus ha antigen was detected by immunofluorescence. the [35s]methionine-labelled ha protein from transfected cells was immunoprecipitated by both po ...	1986	3794664
growth of measles virus in epithelial and lymphoid tissues of cynomolgus monkeys.		1986	3796316
[effectiveness of measles immunoprophylaxis and the criteria for assessing its possible elimination].	the study of measles morbidity in donetsk province in 1960-1984 and the study of antimeasles immunity in different groups of the population have shown that the problem of the liquidation of measles cannot be solved by immunizing the population in a single administration of the vaccine. to enhance the effectiveness of the immunoprophylaxis of measles and its influence on the epidemic process, a number of problems must be solved with the aim to improve the quality of the vaccine, especially its th ...	1986	3799112
[complex partial epileptic seizures as the initial symptom of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis].	a 18 year-old boy, without a previous history, presented with psychomotor seizures and, 4 months after, mental deterioration. eeg showed focal epileptic abnormalities characterized by high amplitude spike waves in the left temporal region. periodic complexes appeared after administration of diazepam. ct scan showed mild cortical atrophy in the left temporal region. measles virus hi antibody titers were 1/2048 in the serum and 1/64 in the csf. the patient died one year after the first complex par ...	1986	3563239
dog ownership among multiple sclerosis patients and their level of measles antibodies. a case-control study.		1986	3602723
diploid cell measles vaccine.		1986	3606740
[disposable vs. reusable hypodermic syringes. study of possible effects on the virus of live, attenuated measles vaccine].		1986	3629167
molecular cloning and sequence analysis of the rinderpest virus mrna encoding the hemagglutinin protein.	we cloned the full-length cdnas corresponding to the mrna for the hemagglutinin (h) protein of rinderpest virus (rv) and determined the nucleotide sequence of rv-h. the gene of rv-h was composed of 1952 nucleotides and contained a single large open reading frame, which was capable of encoding a protein of 609 amino acids with a molecular weight of 68,330 da. the nucleotide sequence and predicted amino acid sequence were compared with those of the measles virus (mv)-h. the 5' end of the message ( ...	1987	3629979
altered ratios of measles virus transcripts in diseased human brains.	in rare cases measles virus (mv) induces subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) or measles inclusion body encephalitis (mibe), two lethal diseases of the human central nervous system. mv transcripts present in the brains of two sspe patients and one mibe patient were analyzed by quantitative northern blots. in all three cases the transcripts from the first mv gene were relatively abundant, amounting to about one-tenth of that in lytically infected cells. however, the quantity of transcripts ...	1987	3660593
[morbidity, vaccine coverage and immunity against measles, mumps and rubella in a gallician population from 2 to 5 years old].	vaccine coverage, morbidity prevalence, and immunity to measles, rubella, and mumps, were estimated in 1985-1986 among a sample of 2 to 5 years old galician children, studied through questionnaires and immunoenzymatic determinations of antibodies. according to the mothers, measles vaccine and measles-mumps-rubella vaccine were administered to 22.1% and 45.7%, respectively, of their children, whereas measles were reported in 17.9, mumps in 14.3%, and rubella in 2.9%. the seroconversion to rubella ...	1987	3662251
characterization of in vitro transcription and transcriptional products of measles virus.	ribonucleoprotein complexes isolated from measles virus-infected hela cells contained an rna-dependent rna polymerase activity that catalyzed the incorporation of ribonucleotides into ribonucleic acid. the ribonucleoprotein complexes were composed of measles virus nucleoprotein, phosphoprotein, and a large protein, as well as viral rna. the kinetics of rna synthesis at different temperatures, time intervals, and protein, ribonucleotide, and mono- and divalent cation concentrations were analyzed. ...	1987	3669151
measles vaccine failure after documented seroconversion.		1987	3670952
advanced detection of viral nucleic acids in the central nervous system: a progress report.	a progress report. we have helped to standardize an advanced in situ hybridization technology to detect viral nucleic sequences in formalin fixed paraffin embedded brain tissue with high sensitivity and specificity as well as good preservation of cytomorphology. it is our belief that if the inflammation in the multiple sclerosis central nervous system is associated with persistent virus this technique should reveal it. technical reasons are given why we are continuing to search for measles virus ...	1987	3672008
the levels of measles antibodies in nigerian children aged 0-12 months and its relationship with maternal parity.	six hundred and fifty-seven children aged between 0 and 12 months were randomly chosen and studied for measles antibody titres by the haemagglutination inhibition (hai) test. the results showed significant variations in hai antibody titres. children between 0-3 months showed high measles hai antibody titres which declined to a trough between 4 and 6 months. a rise in hai antibody titre was observed from 10 to 12 months age. multiparity and higher age in the mothers were noted as probable factors ...	1987	3678407
[antiviral immunity in disseminated sclerosis].	titres of antibodies to various viral antigens, levels of immunoglobulins, and the rate of detection of specific igm to measles virus were studied in the blood sera of 50 patients with multiple sclerosis and 50 normal subjects. high antibody titres to measles, mumps, rubella and parainfluenza type 3 virus antigens were revealed. specific igm to measles virus were detected in 50% of multiple sclerosis patients and in none of the normal subjects. the patients with multiple sclerosis showed no sign ...	1987	3686983
differences in susceptibility to nk cell killing of two cloned sublines derived from a single clone.	the ability of natural killer (nk) cells to discriminate between virus infected or tumor cells and their normal counterparts indicates a highly selective recognition, but the exact target structure remains unknown. we have examined two clones of measles virus persistently infected hela cells derived from the same parental clone, one of which, hela-mss, is highly susceptible to nk killing, (35% specific lysis at 80:1 lymphocyte to target ratio), whilst the other, hela-msr, is totally resistant (0 ...	1987	3692535
measles antibody levels in children of rural and urban areas of nigeria following vaccination campaign.	this study compares the presence and level of measles haemagglutination inhibiting antibody in the sera of primary school children in selected rural and urban areas of kaduna state, nigeria following a vaccination campaign. the results, analysed by mann-whitney statistical test at alpha = 0.05, showed significantly higher levels of haemagglutination inhibiting antibody in all the age groups in urban areas when compared with rural areas. the implications of these findings on measles vaccination c ...	1987	3609176
characterization of the measles virus isolated from the brain of a patient with immunosuppressive measles encephalitis.	two strains of measles virus with different biologic properties were isolated from the brain of a patient with immunosuppressive measles encephalitis. one strain (oita-1) grew extremely slowly in vero cells and did not produce any cell-free virions. the other strain (oita-2) replicated well, and a small amount of cell-free virus was detected from the culture medium and the freeze-thawed homogenate. neurovirulence of the oita-1 strain to mice was, however, stronger than that of the oita-2 strain. ...	1987	3611830
[clinical and immunological considerations in congenital measles. presentation of a clinical case].		1987	3614147
giant cell pneumonia in letterer-siwe disease.	an 8 month-old girl suffered from letter-siwe disease since one week after birth. during the chemotherapy, giant cell pneumonia caused by measles virus infection developed and led rapidly to her death. histopathologically, alveolar spaces were lined by multi-nucleated giant cells with intranuclear and intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusion bodies. electronmicroscopical examination of the lung revealed intranuclear inclusion bodies full of rod-shaped structures characteristic to paramyxoviruses, ...	1987	3618221
identification of a nonproductive, cell-associated form of measles virus by its resistance to inhibition by recombinant human interferon.	subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) is a fatal disease in children and young adults that is caused by persistent infection of the central nervous system (cns) by a nonproductive, cell-associated form of measles virus. using an experimental model for sspe (lec viral strain in newborn hamsters), we have shown previously that establishment of such cns infections involves selective elimination from the cns of productively infected cells by host defensive mechanisms, coupled with the selective ...	1987	3573153
subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: detection of measles antibody in serum and cerebrospinal fluid by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, complement fixation and hemagglutination inhibition.	subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe), a slowly progressive central nervous system disease, is related to the measles virus. because laboratory immunoassays are important in the diagnosis of the disease, we compared enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), complement fixation (cf), and hemagglutination inhibition (hi) for the detection of measles antibody in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with sspe and in controls. differences in the sensitivity of the three methods were no ...	1987	3574144
fuzzy material surrounding measles virus nucleocapsids identified as matrix protein. brief report.	measles virus grown in vero cell cultures was examined at the ultrastructural level after immunoperoxidase staining with antiserum against the matrix protein. the antiserum clearly preferentially labeled the fuzzy material surrounding cytoplasmic nucleocapsids, but not the nucleocapsids themselves.	1987	3579607
the detection of brain antigens within the circulating immune complexes of patients with multiple sclerosis.	immune complexes isolated from sera of patients with multiple sclerosis (ms) were analyzed for their antigenic content. immune complexes precipitated with polyethylene glycol were inoculated into rabbits. the antisera raised were shown to react to ms and normal brain antigens by crossed immunoelectrophoresis, elisa and nitrocellulose transfer. additionally, these antisera reacted by co-precipitation with the measles nucleocapsid antigen. as persistent viral infection has not been shown to occur ...	1987	3805260
nk activity and nk-like non-specific cytolysis after ppd, rubella and measles antigen stimulation in multiple sclerosis.	blood samples were collected from 14 pairs of multiple sclerosis (ms) patients and from age- and sex-matched healthy controls. the cytotoxic activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was tested against the k562 cell line on the day of collection and again after 3 days in vitro culture with medium or with purified protein derivative of tuberculin (ppd), inactivated rubella virus or inactivated measles virus antigen. lymphocytes from ms patients had a lower spontaneous cytotoxic activity comp ...	1987	3806139
selective inhibition of translation of the mrna coding for measles virus membrane protein at elevated temperatures.	the elevation of culture temperatures of c6 cells that were persistently infected with the lec strain of the subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) virus (c6/sspe) resulted in immediate selective inhibition of membrane (m) protein synthesis. this phenomenon was confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of total cytoplasmic lysates and immunoprecipitation with monoclonal antibody against the m protein in short-time labeling experiments. the synthesis of various vi ...	1987	3806792
long-term intramuscular recombinant dna interferon alpha 2 therapy in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: reduction of serum measles antibodies without clinical improvement.	two patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) were treated intramuscularly with recombinant dna interferon-alpha 2 for 3 and 6 months, respectively. side effects were minimal. no objective clinical response could be noted. in a patient with stable sspe, a significant decrease in serum antimeasles antibody levels was observed. this decrease was less pronounced in another patient with evolutive sspe. the results of this study were compared to findings published previously. the reaso ...	1987	3622585
2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase and interferon in peripheral blood after rubella, measles, or mumps live virus vaccine.	the temporal activation of the human interferon system by infection with virus was studied by serial measurements of both interferon in serum and activity of 2',5'-oligo adenylate synthetase in peripheral mononuclear leukocytes. a frequency distribution of baseline values of synthetase was established for normal individuals. following subcutaneous inoculation of rubella vaccine virus, serum interferon rose briefly with a peak on day 14. the peak concentration of synthetase also occurred on day 1 ...	1987	3628253
spontaneous natural killer cell activity in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.	endogenous nk activity was measured in all patients and compared with child and adult control values. all children undergoing maintenance chemotherapy showed significantly lower nk activity than control groups; however, patients off treatment and in remission expressed cytotoxicity within the normal range of the control groups. the expression of the hnk-1 marker in the all children was not significantly different from child controls, although all patients failed to show the same correlation betw ...	1987	3479331
nonproductive, cell-associated virus exists before the appearance of antiviral antibodies in experimental measles encephalitis.	the ability of measles virus to induce a cell-associated state of infection in the central nervous system (cns) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe), a fatal disease of children and young adults. the mechanism by which such an infection state is established is unknown, but several hypotheses have been proposed. one of these suggests that antiviral antibodies induce the nonproductive infection state by a process termed antigenic modulation. res ...	1987	3811233
in vitro proliferation of lymphocytes from cyclophosphamide-pretreated mice immunized with antigen mixed with dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium bromide.	a blastogenesis assay employing lymphocytes from cyclophosphamide-pretreated mice immunized with antigen mixed with the immunopotentiating compound dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium bromide is described. the model antigen used for determining the assay parameters was inactivated purified measles virus. the optimal time for removal of immunologically primed t cells was 7 days after immunization of mice pretreated 2 days previously with 200 mg of cyclophosphamide/kg. the peak lymphoproliferative respo ...	1987	3819441
f1 polypeptides of two canine distemper virus strains: variation in the conserved n-terminal hydrophobic region.	the fusion protein of canine distemper virus was isolated by immunoadsorption from two virus strains, the rapidly growing onderstepoort strain (forming large plaques) and the convac vaccine strain (forming microplaques). the f1 subunits of the two fusion proteins were purified by preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. direct amino acid sequence analysis revealed that 36-residue n-terminal regions of the proteins from the two strains are identical except at position 9, where ala in the c ...	1987	3824906
the measles virus matrix gene and gene product defined by in vitro and in vivo expression.	sequence analysis of full-length cdna clones of the measles virus matrix gene revealed three possible open reading frames: m, x1, and x2. the m reading frame differed from the reported sequence by a single nucleotide corresponding to a conservative lysine to arginine amino acid substitution near the carboxy-terminus conserved among the m proteins of paramyxoviruses. the putative x reading frames contained no translational termination codon due to a frame-shift mutation. the protein-coding potent ...	1987	3824908
effect of corticoid treatment upon the measles virus-induced leukocyte adherence inhibition.		1987	2977682
sequence analysis of the matrix protein gene of human parainfluenza virus type 3: extensive sequence homology among paramyxoviruses.	the sequences of the human parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3) matrix (m) mrna [1150 nucleotides exclusive of poly(a)] and predicted m protein (353 amino acids) were determined by sequence analysis of cloned cdna and viral genomic rna. the gene-end sequence of the m gene differed from the semi-conserved gene-end sequence of the other piv3 genes by an apparent insertion of eight nucleotides. the piv3 m protein shared high sequence homology with sendai virus and moderate homology with measles virus ...	1987	2883252
a procedure for selective full length cdna cloning of specific rna species.	a method allowing routine establishment of full length and functionally competent cdna clones of particular mrnas from small preparations of polyadenylated rna is described. pairs of synthetic primers are used for first and second strand synthesis. they include sequences complementary to the 3' terminal regions of the mrnas and of the full length first cdna strands, respectively and bear a few additional nucleotides at their 5' ends. after synthesis of both cdna strands in one tube, they are pre ...	1987	2884622
persistent measles virus genome in autoimmune chronic active hepatitis.	a radiolabelled 50-base oligonucleotide complementary with the measles virus gene encoding the nucleocapsid was used as a probe to identify persistent measles virus genome in the lymphocytes from patients with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis (aicah). positive hybrids were found in 12 of 18 patients, and correlated strongly with high antibody titres to measles. among the 45 controls, positive hybrids were found in 1 patient with measles, 1 of 3 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, and ...	1987	2885546
resistance of a measles virus mutant to fusion inhibitory oligopeptides is not associated with mutations in the fusion peptide.	the nucleotide sequence and predicted amino acid sequence has been obtained for the fusion (f) protein gene of the r93 strain of measles virus and compared to that of the parental strain, edmonston b. the r93 strain is a mutant measles virus which is able to grow and induce cell fusion in the presence of the fusion inhibiting oligopeptide, z-d-phe-l-phe-l-(no2)arg (sv4814). primer extension sequencing on isolated r93 mrna demonstrated the presence of three nucleotide changes leading to three ami ...	1987	2887065
pathomorphologic characterization of cns damage in monkeys infected with persistent variant of measles virus vaccine strain l-16.	the lesions of cns were examined in monkeys infected intracerebrally (i.c.) with a variant of measles virus vaccine strain l-16 isolated after prolonged persistence in human cell culture ner-2. the persisting virus variant appeared pathogenic for monkeys. the changes which had developed in their cns within 30 to 60 days post-infection (p.i.) were alike to acute measles encephalitis which was evidenced by giant cell formation at the injection site. twenty-two months p.i. the chronic character of ...	1987	2892384
comparison of edmonston-zagreb and schwarz strains of measles vaccine given by aerosol or subcutaneous injection.	the serological response to measles vaccine was tested in bangladesh in groups of infants aged 4-6 months who received equal doses of edmonston-zagreb or schwarz vaccine by subcutaneous injection or by aerosol. seroconversion (as measured by the haemagglutination test) occurred in 62% of infants receiving edmonston-zagreb strain by injection compared with only 37% of those receiving schwarz strain. seroconversion occurred in 35% of those given edmonston-zagreb and 34% of those given schwarz vacc ...	1987	2879981
measles virus in the cerebrospinal fluid in postvaccination immunosuppressive measles encephalopathy.		1987	2881246
cell-mediated cytotoxicity-supporting activity of various human gammaglobulin preparations.	antibody activity, especially that involved in the reaction of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (adcc), of five commercially available human gammaglobulin preparations (standard, pepsin-treated, plasmin-treated, polyethylene glycol-fractionated and s-sulfonated gammaglobulin) was measured. all these gammaglobulin preparations had high titers of hemagglutination inhibition and neutralizing antibody against measles virus. in adcc reaction, the pepsin-treated gammaglobulin preparation ...	1987	2438903
measles virus and mumps virus induce gamma interferon differently in human lymphocyte cultures.		1987	2951448
replica-immunogold technique applied to studies on measles virus morphogenesis.	the replica technique was applied to studies on the dynamic process of measles virus budding on infected hela cells. virus structures were identified by labeling with anti-measles antibodies and protein a-gold. the combination of these two methods enabled us to characterize the sequence of virus budding at the plasma membrane, to localize virus structures on cytoskeletons of infected cells, and to study the influence of ca2+ ions on virus structures at the plasma membrane. studies on platinum ca ...	1987	3109026
live measles vaccine: a 21 year follow up.	21 years after receiving schwartz strain live measles vaccine 4500 trial participants showed a continuing high level of protection compared with those who were unvaccinated. over the last seven years of the follow up no cases of measles were reported in vaccinated participants who had had close contact with the disease. immunity induced by the vaccine seems to survive the challenge of close contact with measles in young children, even after 21 years.	1987	3113599
use of indonesian non-human primate erythrocytes for measles hemagglutination inhibition serology.	the use of erythrocytes (rbc) from presbytis cristata, p. melalophus and macaca fascicularis for measles hemagglutination inhibition serologies is presented. these primates can provide a ready supply of rbc for diagnostic reagent use in areas of the world where the african green monkey or rhesus macaque are not available. individuals of each species are useful but must be screened for hemagglutination ability of their erythrocytes. the animal can then be chosen that has erythrocytes which best a ...	1987	3116677
tumor necrosis factor amplifies measles virus-mediated ia induction on astrocytes.	we describe the induction of ia on cultured astrocytes by measles virus and the amplification of this induction by tumor necrosis factor (tnf). measles virus induces ia on rat astrocytes by direct interaction with these cells. tnf does not induce significant levels of ia at any dose from 1 to 10,000 units/ml. as little as 10 units of tnf per ml, however, amplifies ia-inducing signals generated by measles virus in astrocytes. in contrast, tnf and measles virus induce class i major histocompatibil ...	1987	3118363
synergistic effect of detergents and aluminium phosphate on the humoral immune response to bacterial and viral membrane proteins.	the influence of detergents on the immunogenic activity of the major outer membrane protein of neisseria gonorrhoeae was investigated. most detergents tested were found to enhance the immune response. this effect was synergistic with the adjuvant activity of alpo4. the combination of detergent and alpo4 showed a stronger adjuvant activity than freund's complete adjuvant. the adjuvant effect was only observed with protein preparations with very low lipopolysaccharide content. the immunostimulatin ...	1987	3124365