Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| vaccinia viral core inhibits met-trna.40s invitation complex formation with physiological mrnas. | 1981 | 6910422 | |
| negatively selected h-2bml and h-2b cells stimulated with vaccinia virus completely discriminate between mutant and wild-type h-2k alleles. | lymphocyte populations from b6, c-h-2bml (kbmldb) mutant mice cannot, after both in vivo and in vitro negative selection for alloreactivity, be induced to recognize vaccinia virus presented in the context of h-2kb. this finding may mean that the t cell receptor(s) expresses a component that is very specific for a particular "active site" on the self-h-2 molecule. alternatively, (if recognition is directed at a virus-h-2 complex) the more similar 2 h-2 molecules are, the more likely it may be tha ... | 1981 | 6969739 |
| an assay for virus-specific help for b cells. | spleen cells from mice immunized with vaccinia or influenza viruses were mixed with spleen cells from mice immunized by dinitrophenyl-keyhole limpet hemocyanin (dnp-klh) and transferred into irradiated syngeneic recipient mice which were subsequently restimulated with trinitrophyenylates (tnp) or unmodified viruses. one week later, spleens were removed and assayed for indirect anti-dnp plaque-forming cells (pfc). when spleen cells from both influenza and vaccinia primed mice were restimulated wi ... | 1981 | 6970784 |
| target antigen of vaccinia-infected cells recognized by virus-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes. | a vaccinia-specific target antigen for recognition of anti-vaccinia cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) was found to be formed on the surface of infected cells through two distinct processes. in the first phase, the expression of the target antigen was dependent on the dose of inoculated virus, without specific protein synthesis. the target antigen seems to be produced by virus-cell fusion. in the second phase, the expression of the target antigen was accompanied by synthesis of an early protein. in s ... | 1981 | 6973058 |
| thymocytes can be stimulated to give a strong vaccinia virus-immune cytotoxic t lymphocyte response. | the emergence of virus-specific cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl) precursors in thymus can be examined directly by stimulating thymocytes for 6 days in irradiated, virus-infected recipients. responsiveness is a characteristic of the thymocytes themselves and does not reflect the presence of contaminating, blood-bourne t cells. strong ctl activity may be generated earlier from thymus than from spleen or lymph node of lethally irradiated, bone marrow reconstituted mice. also, the reconstitution of viru ... | 1981 | 6973594 |
| virus-immune and alloreactive response characteristics of thymocytes and spleen cells from young mice. | thymocytes from 3-day-old mice generate a strong, virus-immune cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl) response when primed in irradiated, vaccinia-infected recipients. effector potential is not detected in spleen until day 4 or 5, when alloreactive precursors may also be present. mice of 8 days or older survive inoculation with large doses of vaccinia virus, and generate significant ctl activity in spleen. there is, unlike the situation described by others for listeria antigens, no major defect in stimula ... | 1981 | 6974190 |
| effects of cyclophosphamide and cortisone on the virus-immune response characteristics of thymocytes and the early reconstitution profiles of p leads to f1 chimeras. | 1981 | 6976214 | |
| factors influencing the vaccinia-specific cytotoxic response of thymocytes from normal and chimeric mice. | following adoptive transfer into irradiated recipients, thymocytes can be induced to respond strongly to vaccinia virus. high levels of cytotoxic t-lymphocyte (ctl) activity may be generated from thymus, but not from spleen, of 3-day-old mice. the capacity of thymocytes to differentiate into effector ctl tends to be lost with age. some of this loss may reflect positive suppression: a single, low dose of cyclophosphamide allows the reemergence of responsiveness in at least one mouse strain. thymo ... | 1981 | 6977220 |
| low responsiveness to dk or db plus vaccinia virus or to kk plus lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus assessed by availability of d or k products. | the possibility was examined that k or d regulated responsiveness of virus specific cytotoxic t cells was due to the virus-specific and differential effects on expression and/or accessibility of h-2k or d products on virus-infected target cells. cells from established lines of fibroblasts kept in tissue culture, uninfected, infected with either vaccinia virus, with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) or with both lcmv plus vaccinia virus, were compared with respect to expression of kk, dk ... | 1981 | 6977890 |
| translation of black beetle virus rna and heterologous viral rnas in cell-free lysates derived from drosophila melanogaster. | a cell-free protein synthesizing system was prepared from cells of drosophila melanogaster line 1 and made mrna dependent by treatment with micrococcal nuclease. the system was tested with homologous rna from black beetle virus propagated in drosophila cells, with drosophila heat shock mrna, and with various heterologous viral mrna's. under optimal conditions amino acid incorporation programmed with black beetle virus rnas was 30-fold higher than endogenous incorporation. rnas 1 and 2 primarily ... | 1981 | 6783766 |
| chronic chagas' disease: unimpaired delayed type hypersensitivity reactions in contrast with humoral suppression to typhoid vaccine. | peripheral t and b cells were decreased in patients chronically infected with trypanosome cruzi. the humoral response to typhoid vaccine was suppressed in contrast with normal cutaneous delayed type hypersensitivity (dth) reactions to candida antigen, p.p.d., sk-sd, vaccinia virus antigen and dncb. complement and lg levels were between normal range and no immune complexes were detected by precipitation with polyethylene glycol. | 1981 | 6789511 |
| [on the biological action of transition metal complexes. 2. the antiviral activity of 4-methyl-2-amino-pyridine-palladium-chloride (iv)]. | 4-methyl-2-amino-pyridine-palladiumchlorid (iv) showed an inactivation of cell-free enveloped dna and rna viruses in serum-free saline such as vaccinia, pseudorabies, herpes type 1, newcastle disease and influenza virus a/fowl plague, human influenza type a and b and vesicular stomatitis viruses, and adenovirus, a naked dna virus, too. picorna viruses were not inactivated, the inactivation of other viruses failed in medium with 10% serum. however the replication of enveloped viruses as checked w ... | 1981 | 6797148 |
| uptake of vaccinia virus by tetrahymena pyriformis. | 1981 | 6803099 | |
| hybridization selection and cell-free translation of mrna's encoded within the inverted terminal repetition of the vaccinia virus genome. | early polypeptides encoded within the 10,000-base pair terminally repeated region of the vaccinia virus genome were mapped by cell-free translation of mrna that was selected by hybridization to restriction fragments and to separated strands of a recombinant lambda phage. the results, which were confirmed by hybrid arrest of translation, indicated that polypeptides of 7,500 (7.5k), 19,000 (19k), and 42,000 (42k) daltons mapped at approximately 3.2 to 4.3, 6.5 to 7.2, and 7.2 to 8.3 kilobase pairs ... | 1981 | 6452531 |
| in vitro transcription of the inverted terminal repetition of the vaccinia virus genome: correspondence of initiation and cap sites. | specific rnas synthesized in vitro by vaccinia virus cores were analyzed with the aid of dna from the terminal 9,000 base pairs of the genome that was cloned in phage lambda, pbr322, and the single-stranded phage fl. three mrna's coding for polypeptides with molecular weights of 7,500 (7.5k), 19k, and 42k were shown to have sizes and map positions similar to those described for mrna's made early in infection. a previously undescribed transcript made in vivo and in vitro, with a 5' end at about 8 ... | 1981 | 6452534 |
| suppression of the generation of secondary virus-specific proliferative and cytotoxic t lymphocytes by suppressor cells induced during primary anti-viral sensitization in vitro. | murine spleen cells first primed with syngeneic vaccinia virus-infected peritoneal exudate cells (pec) in vitro and then restimulated with the virus failed to give a typical virus-specific secondary cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl) response. in contrast, "memory' spleen cells from mice primed with the virus in vivo produced ctl after the same challenge with virus-infected pec in vitro. in the former situation, the lack of a virus-specific secondary ctl response by in vitro primed and restimulated sp ... | 1981 | 6454648 |
| [on the biological action of transition metal complexes. 3. about the antiviral activity of cis-dichloro diammine platinum (ii) (author's transl)]. | the coordination compound cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(ii) (cis-ddp) was shown by rosenberg et al. (17) to exhibit antitumour activity. several authors have indicated limited virustatic properties of cis-ddp against bacterial, oncogenic, avipox and paramyxo viruses. in our investigations, cis-ddp significantly showed an antiviral action in vitro against enveloped dna and rna viruses, such as vaccinia, pseudorabies, herpes simplex type 1, newcastle disease, influenza a/fowl plague, influenza a/vi ... | 1981 | 6277096 |
| [on the biological action of transition metal complexes. 4. the antiviral activity of metallocene dichlorides of titanium and molybdenum (author's transl)]. | in view of the fact that bis cyclopentadienyl metal dihalides are known to be anti-tumour drugs, we have investigated the antiviral activity of this type of coordination compounds. bis cyclopentadienyl titanium dichloride (a) has shown significant antiviral efficiency in vitro against representatives of a nuber of enveloped dna and rna viruses. inhibition of orthopoxvirus (vaccinia), herpes virus (pseudorabies), orthomyxoviruses (influenza a/fowl plague [fpv], influenza a/victoria 3/75, influenz ... | 1981 | 6277097 |
| the mechanism of cytoplasmic orthopoxvirus dna replication. | orthopoxvirus dna replication occurs in the cytoplasm of infected cells within discrete foci designated as virosomes. we show that newly synthesized rabbit poxvirus (rpv) virosomal dna consists predominantly of concatamers wherein unit length molecules are joined by fusion of two left (ll) or right (rr) ends, resulting in genomes aligned in alternating head-to-head and tail-to tail mirror image arrays. these concatameric molecules serve as the substrates from which unit length dna molecules are ... | 1981 | 6277506 |
| antiviral, antitumor, and thymidylate synthetase inhibition studies of 5-substituted styryl derivatives of 2'-deoxyuridine and their 5'-phosphates. | 1981 | 6261769 | |
| antiviral compounds. xvii - synthesis and in vitro antiviral activity of 1-substituted 2-chloro- and 2-methoxyindole-3-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazones. | a series of indole-3-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazones with substituent variations at the 1 and 2 positions were prepared and evaluated for in vitro antiviral activity against vaccinia virus strain ihd and parainfluenza virus type 3, ha-i/cr-8 strain. the inhibitory activity of most compounds was restricted to the vaccinia virus, only compounds (iii e) and (iii f) being effective against both viruses. structure-activity relationship are discussed. | 1981 | 6262104 |
| transcriptional initiation and 5' termini of yeast mitochondrial rna. | we have used vaccinia virus guanylyltransferase to label polyphosphate-terminated yeast mitochondrial rnas in vitro with [alpha-32p]gtp. hybridization of rna labeled in vitro indicates the presence of multiple transcriptional initiation sites in both grande and petite mitochondrial genomes. agarose/urea gel electrophoresis of capped rna suggests the existence of a precursor to the small (14 s) rrna. in contrast, direct examination of the large (21 s) rrna by partial ribonuclease t1 digestion rev ... | 1981 | 6262322 |
| measurement of the electrokinetic properties of vaccinia and reovirus by laser-illuminated whole-particle microelectrophoresis. | the electrokinetics of vaccinia virus and reovirus type 3 were studied in dilute electrolyte solutions by whole-particle microelectrophoresis with dark-field laser illumination. the electrophoretic mobilities were dependent upon ph and electrolyte composition. the isoelectric point of vaccinia virus in dilute nacl was 4.8 +/- 0.1; that of reovirus was 3.8 +/- 0.1. the mobility of reovirus was -2.65 +/- 0.30 micrometer . s-1 . v-1 . cm-1. treatments known to cause irreversible changes in the stru ... | 1981 | 6262348 |
| two major dna variants present in serially propagated stocks of the wr strain of vaccinia virus. | two major dna variants have been isolated from serially propagated stocks of the wr strain of vaccinia virus. restriction enzyme mapping of the two variants with hindiii, avai, xhoi, sstii, and smai revealed a 6.3-megadalton deletion in the smaller dna variant. the deletion was mapped at ca. 6.8 megadaltons in from the left terminus, just beyond the inverted terminal repeat. the additional dna present in the larger variant was found to represent unique viral sequences that were transcribed both ... | 1981 | 6262520 |
| instability and reiteration of dna sequences within the vaccinia virus genome. | the sequence arrangement within the nontranscribed portion of the inverted terminal repetition of the vaccinia virus genome exists in quasi-stable and unstable forms that are not distinguishable on the basis of viral infectivity. the unstable forms, which composed about 20% of a serially passaged stock of virus, were recognized by terminal heterogeneity on restriction endonuclease analysis. instead of a single terminal fragment from each end of the genome, an array of eight or more fragments dif ... | 1981 | 6262819 |
| experimental viral infections of the facial nerve and geniculate ganglion. | 1981 | 6263173 | |
| mechanism of mrna capping by vaccinia virus guanylyltransferase: characterization of an enzyme--guanylate intermediate. | vaccinia virus rna guanylyltransferase catalyzes the transfer of gmp from gtp to the 5'-triphosphate or diphosphate terminus of rna to generate the cap structure g(5')ppp(5')n-. the guanylylation reaction consists of a series of at least two partial reactions: (i) gtp + e in equilibrium e-pg + ppi, (ii) e-pg + (p)ppnpnpn- leads to gpppnpnpn- + e. inthe first of these, gtp reacts with capping enzyme in the absence of an rna acceptor to form a covalent enzyme-guanylate intermediate. the gmp is lin ... | 1981 | 6264433 |
| host range deletion mutant of vaccinia virus defective in human cells. | 1981 | 6264670 | |
| cell-free translation of early and late mrnas selected by hybridization to cloned dna fragments derived from the left 14 million to 72 million daltons of the vaccinia virus genome. | 1981 | 6264687 | |
| characterization of antibodies to orthopoxviruses in human sera by radioimmunoassay. | serological surveillance of suspected orthopoxvirus infections in man is important for confirming the success of the worldwide smallpox eradication programme. an adsorption radioimmunoassay (ria) was used to differentiate sera from patients who were naturally infected with human monkeypox or variola virus, and individuals who were immunized with vaccinia virus. the antisera were adsorbed with uninfected chicken chorioallantoic membrane (cam) and vaccinia-infected cam before reacting in ria with ... | 1981 | 6265114 |
| broadly active inhibitor of viruses spontaneously produced by many cell types in culture. | a broadly active inhibitor of viruses (vaccinia, polio 1, and vesicular stomatitis) was found in the culture fluid from many types of normal human and mouse cells in culture. virus plaque-inhibiting activity appeared in culture fluids within a few hour after incubation of cultures with fresh medium. peak inhibitory activity occurred within 24 h. blockade of cellular ribonucleic acid or protein synthesis decreased appearance of the inhibitor, thereby substantiating that it is a cell-produced vira ... | 1981 | 6265356 |
| cell-produced viral inhibitor: possible mechanism of action and chemical composition. | a newly recognized cell-produced viral inhibitor appeared to be spontaneously released from most cells in tissue culture. it strongly inhibited the replication of a variety of viruses but did not exhibit species specificity as does interferon. these studies on the inhibitor's mechanism of action indicated that it inhibited attachment and penetration of virus by a readily reversible reaction requiring the presence of both virus and cells. studies of inactivation by specific enzymes or chemicals i ... | 1981 | 6265357 |
| synthesis and antiviral properties of (z)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine. | (z)-5-(2-bromovinyl)uracil was obtained by photoisomerization of the e. isomer. similarly, (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine gave the required z isomer. (z)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine is much less active against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and somewhat less active against herpes simplex virus type 2 than is the e isomer. both isomers show similar activity against vaccinia virus. therefore, the highly potent and selective activity of (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine against h ... | 1981 | 6265638 |
| [on the biological action of transition metal complexes. 1. the antiviral activity of palladium aminopyridin-complexes (author's transl)]. | some aminopyridine complexes of palladium and pdcl2 showed an antiviral in vitro activity against enveloped dna and rna viruses such as vaccinia virus, pseudorabies virus, ndv and fpv. in contrast, naked rna virus as mengovirus was not affected. the compounds were compatible for chicken embryo as well as fl cells in concentrations of 100-250 microm. the therapeutical index calculated from the maximally tolerated dose and the concentration causing a 50 per cent plaque reduction was determined wit ... | 1981 | 6267845 |
| [ability of vaccinia viruses to induce expression of p30 retroviruses in continuous mouse cell lines]. | 1981 | 6268225 | |
| improved detection of viruses by electron microscopy after direct ultracentrifuge preparation of specimens. | we have adapted the beckman airfuge air turbine ultracentrifuge and the new em-90 particle-counting rotor to improve detection by electron microscopy of viruses in clinical specimens. samples were clarified by centrifugation, pelleted in the em-90 rotor directly to formvar-coated copper grids, and strained with 1.5% sodium phosphotungstate. virus counts and endpoint titrations of serial dilutions of partially purified preparations of poliovirus, sa11 rotavirus, herpes simplex virus, and vaccinia ... | 1981 | 6268658 |
| recovery of mice from herpes simplex virus type 2 hepatitis: adoptive transfer of recovery with immune spleen cells. | young balb/c mice inoculated intraperitoneally with herpes simplex virus type 2 develop focal necrotizing hepatitis. after infection, the livers of these mice show increasing virus titers, which reach a maximum on day 3 after infection; this is followed by a dramatic decrease in the amount of virus recovered on days 4 and 5. this decrease in virus content is accompanied by a progressive infiltration of the lesions with mononuclear leukocytes and an apparent resolution of the lesions. adoptive tr ... | 1981 | 6269998 |
| transcriptional and translational mapping of a 6.6-kilobase-pair dna fragment containing the junction of the terminal repetition and unique sequence at the left end of the vaccinia virus genome. | the penultimate ecori fragments from the left and right ends of the vaccinia virus genomes were cloned in phage lambda. heteroduplex analysis and comparison of restriction fragments indicated that the inverted terminal repetition extended 780 base pairs (bp) beyond the ecori site or about 9,800 bp from each end of the genome. detailed physical, transcriptional, and translational maps of the 6,600-bp left penultimate ecori fragment were prepared so as to extend previous maps of the 9,000-bp termi ... | 1981 | 6270347 |
| extension of the transcriptional and translational map of the left end of the vaccinia virus genome to 21 kilobase pairs. | physical, transcriptional, and translational maps of an ecori fragment located between 15,800 and 20,600 base pairs from the left end of the vaccinia virus genome were prepared. major polypeptides with molecular weights of 14,000 (14k polypeptide), 32,000 and 38,000 were synthesized in a reticulocyte cell-free system programmed with immediate early rna made in the presence of cycloheximide and selected by hybridization to lambda recombinant dna containing the ecori fragment. with early rna made ... | 1981 | 6270348 |
| in vitro transcription catalyzed by heat-treated human rotavirus. | the in vitro characteristics of human rotavirus transcription have been examined. the virus has an associated rna polymerase activity which was activated after a heat shock treatment. the enzyme required the presence of the four ribonucleoside triphosphates and a divalent cation (mg2+), and it required an optimum ph of 8.5. the polymerase was activated by monovalent salts and inhibited by na ppi. the addition of actinomycin d, alpha-amanitin, or rifampin did not inhibit the polymerase activity. ... | 1981 | 6270365 |
| in vitro studies of a co-carcinogenic effect of vaccinia and herpes group viruses. | the results of studies of a co-carcinogenic effect of two human infectious viruses in tissue culture are reported here. viable vaccinia virus actively replicating in the cells of primary balb/c tissue culture and in a number of continuous murine cell lines has been shown to induce in them expression of major structural p30 protein of murine retroviruses. vaccinia virus has been also shown to cause biochemical transformation of murine cells. evidence for the capacity of herpes simplex virus type ... | 1981 | 6270580 |
| pox virus keratitis in a rabbit. | 1981 | 6270873 | |
| [cocarcinogenic action of vaccinia and herpes simplex viruses in tissue culture]. | 1981 | 6270928 | |
| methylation of 5'-5' confronting dinucleotides by vaccinia associated enzyme system. | methylation of a series of the 5'-5' confronting dinucleotides containing various number of phosphates was examined by the use of virion enzyme system of vaccinia virus. methylation was absolutely dependent on the number of interposed phosphate groups between 5'-5' confronting dinucleotides, showing maximum efficiency in the 3 phosphate compound corresponding to the blocked 5'-terminus (cap) of an eukaryotic mrna. methylation, if any, occurred only at the 7-position of guanine residue, but not a ... | 1981 | 6273829 |
| augmentation of the antibody forming cell response to neuraminidase-treated cells by myxoviruses. | following the inoculation of newcastle disease virus, sendai virus and influenza virus cba mice made a specific plaque-forming cell response to virus-treated sheep red blood cells but not to virus-treated l1210 cells. this non-specific response to virus-treated l1210 could be exactly reproduced by treatment of l1210 with bacterial neuraminidase. neuraminidase-treated cells from eight of nine vertebrates including chickens and syngeneic mice also registered plaques. inoculations of the above viru ... | 1981 | 6274794 |
| deletion of a 9,000-base-pair segment of the vaccinia virus genome that encodes nonessential polypeptides. | deletions contained within the genomes of unstable and stable variants of vaccinia virus (strain wr) were analyzed. restriction endonuclease mapping and hybridization to specific 32p-labeled dna probes indicated that more than 6 x 10(6) daltons of dna were deleted from the variants. in each case, the deletion occurred on the left side of the genome and started very close to the junction of the inverted terminal repetition and unique sequence. both variants also contained a new ssti side on the r ... | 1981 | 6275095 |
| translation and characterization of poly(a)-lacking rna from lupin root nodules. | total polysomal rna from yellow lupin root nodules was fractionated by double oligo(dt)-cellulose chromatography. poly(a)-containing and poly(a)-lacking rna fractions showed considerable messenger activity in wheat germ and rabbit reticulocyte cell-free systems. the sizing of poly(a)-lacking rna on sucrose-density gradient gives rise to separation of 14s mrna from 22-24s mrna species. a single polypeptide with molecular weight of 22,000 was coded for by 14s mrna, while two polypeptides with an a ... | 1981 | 6275644 |
| mousepox (infectious ectromelia): past, present, and future. | mousepox is an orthopoxvirus infection of mice that was discovered in laboratory mice in england in 1930. depending upon mouse genotype, it may produce a severe disease with acute hepatitis and high mortality, a generalized rash in animals that survive longer, or a trivial inapparent infection. it has long been enzootic in breeding stocks of mice in europe, japan, and china but not in north america and australia. however, it has been imported into the usa on several occasions, sometimes causing ... | 1981 | 6281556 |
| clinical, pathologic, and serologic features of an epizootic of mousepox in minnesota. | an epizootic of mousepox in two colonies of mice was described. clinical signs, morbidity and mortality rates, and necropsy lesions were substantially influenced by husbandry practices, intercurrent diseases (sendai pneumonia, mouse hepatitis virus), and total body x-irradiation. in one colony, 54 mice were necropsied; 19 mice had cutaneous or visceral lesions of mousepox although none had combined visceral and cutaneous lesions. in the other colony, 20 mice were necropsied, and 10 mice had cuta ... | 1981 | 6281560 |
| control of mousepox epizootics in st louis and chicago. | in september 1980, mousepox was diagnosed in mice from the jewish hospital in st louis, missouri. the disease was eliminated by vaccination with vaccinia virus. in october 1980, mousepox was suspected in mice located in an off-campus research facility of the university of chicago. based on history, clinical signs, serology, and characteristic pathological lesions, mousepox was diagnosed. the disease was eliminated by killing or moving all mice from the facility. during serological surveillance o ... | 1981 | 6281563 |
| [substances with antiviral. xvi. thiosemicarbazones containing benzofuran and 1h-indene moieties]. | a few hydrazones with benzofuran and 1h-indene moieties were synthesized and screened in vitro against vaccinia virus strain ihd, parainfluenza type 3 virus strain ha-1/cr-8, and the mp mutant of herpes simplex virus type 1 [hsv-1 (mp)]. only the thiosemicarbazones were active. the thiosemicarbazone of 3-chloro-2-formyl-1h-indene inhibited vaccinia virus to a greater extent than methisazone, used as reference standard. furthermore, this compound was active also against parainfluenza and herpes v ... | 1981 | 6258974 |
| [the effect of viruses on megakaryocytes in vitro (author's transl)]. | bone marrow suspensions from adolescent rats contain 0.3% megakaryocytes; this rate decreases to almost zero within 72--96 h cultivation in vitro in leighton tubes because of thrombocytopoesis. such cultures were inoculated immediately after seeding with different viruses in high multiplicity. after infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 or adenovirus type 2, no deviation of the number and morphology of the megakaryocytes was seen when compared with control cultures. however, after infection ... | 1981 | 6260271 |
| virus-specific cytotoxic activity to mammary tumor cells of sera from normal and tumor-bearing mice with inhibition at low dilutions. | sera from normal mice and mice bearing murine mammary tumor virus (mtv)-induced tumors showed cytotoxic reactions to the mtv-producing mm5mt/c1 cell line. the reaction could be blocked by the addition of mtv, but not of purified gp52 and p28. in sera from tumor bearers, cytotoxic responses ranged from 15 to 66%; reactivity was generally highest when the serum was diluted 32 to 128 times. the cytotoxic sera from the normal animals showed a much lower activity; again, there was a lack of cytotoxic ... | 1981 | 6260679 |
| activation of natural killer cell cytotoxicity from bone marrow cells cocultivated with immune peritoneal macrophages. | 1981 | 6165823 | |
| inhibition of vaccinia mrna methylation by 2',5'-linked oligo(adenylic acid) triphosphate. | extracts of interferon-treated cells synthesize unique 2',5'-linked oligo(adenylic acid) 5'-phosphates in the presence of atp and double-stranded rna. 2',5'-linked oligo(adenylic acid) 5'-triphosphate inhibits protein synthesis at nanomolar concentrations by activating rnase. we have observed that oligo(adenylic acid) 5'-monophosphate and 5'-triphosphate are potent inhibitors of vaccinia mrna methylation in vitro. both the methylation of mrna methylation is not due to degradation of the mrna. in ... | 1981 | 6166003 |
| an approach to modification of the repair activity in eucaryotic cells by biological factors. | this work was devoted to investigation or repair regulation by biological factors: viruses and interferon. dna damage induced by gamma- and uv-irradiation, ethyleneimine and 4-nitro-quinoline-1-oxide (4-nqo) were studied, by sedimentation of lysed cells through alkaline sucrose gradients, by hydroxylapatite column chromatography and by the chromosomal aberration test. the reproducible vaccinia virus resulted in simulation repair activity of chick embryo cells after treatment with 4-nqo. interfer ... | 1981 | 6166856 |
| ribavirin and inosiplex: a review of their present status in viral diseases. | a considerable amount of information has accumulated during the past 10 years in the search for antiviral agents. ribavirin and inosiplex are 2 interesting developments to come out of this search. ribavirin, a synthetic nucleoside, has an unusually wide spectrum of antiviral activity, especially when tested in vitro. a large number of rna and dna viruses are sensitive, especially herpes viruses, poxvirus, influenza, parainfluenza, reovirus, togavirus, and rna tumour viruses. the in vivo antivira ... | 1981 | 6167418 |
| restriction specificity of virus-specific cytotoxic t cells from thymectomised irradiated bone marrow chimeras reconstituted with thymus grafts. | adult-thymectomised lethally mice a that were reconstituted with t-cell-depleted bone marrow cells of (a x b)f1 origin plus fetal thymus grafts of (b x c)f1 origin generated virus-specific t cells restricted to b alone; adult-thymectomised and lethally irradiated (a x b)f1 mice that were reconstituted with t-cell-depleted bone marrow cells of (a x b)f1 origin plus fetal thymus grafts of a and of b origin generated virus-specific t cells restricted to a or to b. these results do not reveal obviou ... | 1981 | 6168044 |
| production of interferon by an sv40-transformed macrophage line, bb-w-531-2. | a simian virus 40-transformed mouse macrophage line, bb-w-531-2, was examined for its ability to produce interferon. bb-w-531-2 cells showed a phenotypic change between the macrophage and the nonmacrophage states. a viral inhibitor (interferon) was produced by the cells during the phenotypic change from the nonmacrophage to the macrophage state. cells having macrophage properties were well capable of producing interferon when they were stimulated with ultraviolet-inactivated vaccinia virus, lipo ... | 1981 | 6168894 |
| studies on an interferon-sensitive mutant of mengovirus: effects on host rna and protein syntheses. | interferon induces an activity which strongly inhibits the growth of is-1, an interferon-response mutant of mengovirus. this activity is not expressed in protected cells infected with either is+ (the wild-type parent) or vaccinia virus, or in cells infected with is-1 in the presence of actinomycin d. a failure of is-1 to shut off host rna and/or protein synthesis could explain these observations. the present paper, however, shows that is-1 and is+ are equally effective in suppressing host synthe ... | 1981 | 6169788 |
| serological relationships between poxviruses of different genera: studies with vaccinia virus and myxoma virus. | 1981 | 6172453 | |
| chemical methylation of rna and dna viral genomes as a probe of in situ structure. | we used [methyl-(3)h] dimethyl sulfate to probe the genome structures of several rna and dna viruses. we compared sites of modification in nucleic acids that were methylated chemically before and after extraction from purified virions. with both single-stranded and double-stranded substrates alkylation occurred mainly at the n7 position of guanine. however, adenine n1 atoms were differentially accessible in single-stranded rna and dna. for example, the ratios of 1-methyladenosine to 7-methylguan ... | 1981 | 6172596 |
| induction and production of human immune interferon by mitogen- and antigen-stimulated purified lymphocytes cultured in the presence of macrophages. | 1981 | 6173581 | |
| [immunopharmacological actions of neurotropin (3): anti-allergic actions of neurotropin (author's transl)]. | neurotropin (nsp) is an extract isolated from vaccinia virus-inoculated and inflamed skin of rabbits. the anti-allergic actions of nsp were studied in the present paper. death from anaphylactic shock in balb/c mice mediated by active systemic anaphylaxis (asa) or heterologous passive systemic anaphylaxis (psa) was completely prevented in one of five cases by nsp given 5000 micrograms/animal i.v.. however in mice, nsp at a dose of 10 to 1000 micrograms/animal i.v. did not have any preventive effe ... | 1981 | 6174402 |
| [the pathogenesis of postvaccinal complications]. | paraspecific reactions to vaccines are -- induction of autoimmune mechanisms, -- immunosuppression, -- induction of inflammation (i.e. "reactogenicity"). these undesirable side effects of vaccination are important factors in pathogenesis of postvaccinal complications. using the model of experimental vaccinia virus infection the paraspecific reactions could be demonstrated in several animal species. cell mediated hypersensitivity to brain tissue antigen and basic encephalitogenic protein occurred ... | 1981 | 6112195 |
| replication of poxvirus dna in chick embryo fibroblasts. | replication of vaccinia virus dna in chick embryo fibroblasts at a high multiplicity of infection started after 4-6 hr, reached a maximum at the 12th hr and was completed 18 hr after inoculation (p.i.). an analysis of newly synthesised dnas in the period of the highest rate of synthesis revealed the formation of short (10-30s) fragments which within 30 min were transformed into single-stranded molecules with a sedimentation coefficient of 62s. the final stage of closing of the ends of single-str ... | 1981 | 6112860 |
| the effect of dipyridamole on the multiplication of vaccinia virus in rk13 cells. | 1981 | 6116424 | |
| comparative analysis of the degree of specific humoral immunity, content of serum immunoglobulins and isolation of vaccinia virus in children with post-vaccinal encephalitis after smallpox vaccination. | considerable variations were found in the content of virus neutralizing antibodies (vna) to smallpox in 35 children with postvaccinal encephalitis (pve) which developed after vaccination against smallpox: the titre of vna was high in 7 children, negligible in 14, and in 6 children vna were not present 3-4 weeks after vaccination. dependence of the production of vna on the peculiarities of individual development and premorbid state of the patients as well as on serotherapy was analysed; the role ... | 1981 | 6117594 |
| [results of a study of the pathogenesis of postvaccinal encephalitis]. | the results of 10-year virological and immunological studies in patients with postvaccination encephalitis (pve) developing after smallpox vaccination are analysed. vaccinia virus was isolated from 23 (59%) out of 39 children in the acute stage of pve and for a long period in the protracted course of the disease in 14 out of 24 from the cerebrospinal fluid in 15 out of 33 from the blood, in 8 out of 24 from the throat and in 4 out of 5 from the brain or spinal cord tissue. examinations of 56 ser ... | 1981 | 6117985 |
| antiviral activity of substituted 6-methylmercaptopyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidines and their ribosides. | the antiviral activities of pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidines and their nucleosides, divided into 7 groups based on the substituent in position 4 (mercapto-, methylmercapto-, amino-, hydrazine-, dialkyl amino-, oxy-, and methoxyderivatives), were studied against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv 1) and vaccinia virus. numerous compounds inhibited the virus yields by 1-4 log cpd50. most antiviral compounds inhibited hsv 1 more than vaccinia virus. only methylmercapto- derivatives inhibited both viruses a ... | 1981 | 6118054 |
| in vivo immune stimulation by interferon during viral infection. | treatment of rhesus monkeys with human leukocyte interferon prevents the development of skin lesions after intradermal infection with vaccinia virus. the treatment does not prevent the development of immunity to vaccinia. inactivated vaccinia virus, which is non-immunogenic in untreated monkeys, induced immunity under interferon treatment, indicating that interferon had an immune-stimulating effect. | 1981 | 6175277 |
| studies on virus-inhibiting factor or interferon. | 1981 | 6182340 | |
| influence of ambient temperature on the susceptibility of mice to vaccinia virus infection. | 1981 | 6182842 | |
| 5' end labeling of rna with capping and methylating enzymes. | 1981 | 6086038 | |
| the effect of proteolytic enzymes on the infectivity of vaccinia virus. | 1982 | 6183818 | |
| gene-transfer, stability, and biochemical properties of animal cells transformed with vaccinia dna. | 1982 | 6183821 | |
| selection of restriction specificities of virus-specific cytotoxic t cells in the thymus: no evidence for a crucial role of antigen-presenting cells. | the proposal was tested that (p1 x p2) f1 leads to p1 irradiation bone marrow chimeras expressed predominantly p1-restricted t cells because donor derived stem cells were exposed to recipient derived antigen-presenting cells in the thymus. because p1 recipient-derived antigen-presenting cells are replaced only slowly after 6-8 wk by (p1 x p2) donor-derived antigen-presenting cells in the thymus and because replenished pools of mature t cells may by then prevent substantial numbers of p2-restrict ... | 1982 | 6184436 |
| antiviral effect of prostaglandins of the a series: inhibition of vaccinia virus replication in cultured cells. | prostaglandins of the a series potently inhibited the production of vaccinia virus in mouse l fibroblasts. with the highest non-toxic dose of pga1, 4 micrograms/ml, the replication of the virus was inhibited by 95 . 3%. the antiviral activity was dose-dependent and specific for the a series. at the dose used, pga1 was not toxic to uninfected cells and did not alter cell metabolism as measured by dna, rna and protein synthesis. pga1 did not influence the adsorption of the virus by the host cells ... | 1982 | 6185627 |
| viral antigens act as helper determinants for antibody responses to cell surface antigens. | thy-1 alloantigens on murine thymus cells are weak immunogens in vivo for pfc responses in the absence of other antigenic disparities between the donor and recipient. our previous work showed that non-h-2 alloantigens acted as helper determinants to augment anti-thy-1 pfc responses. in this report we demonstrate that strong helper antigens are also produced by infection of donor thymus cells with viruses such as hsv-1, ndv, or vaccinia. this helper effect (as much as 30-fold) for a cellular anti ... | 1982 | 6177775 |
| inhibition of mrna methylation: an approach to specific inhibition of viral replication. | eukaryotic mrnas and most viral mrnas contain very extensive modification on the 5' end consisting of the "cap," part of which is a guanine which is methylated in the 7-position. it is quite well established that the methylated cap is essential for the efficient translation of the mrna. in a search for an effective chemotherapeutic agent, dr. roland robins synthesized the compound ribavirin; this compound turned out to be an extraordinarily effective virostatic agent against both rna and dna vir ... | 1982 | 6187726 |
| bacteriophage t4 late promoters: mapping 5' ends of t4 gene 23 mrnas. | more than thirty 5' ends of rna molecules which transverse the bacteriophage t4 late gene, gene 23, have been mapped by nuclease protection and reverse transcription, to a 1.7 kilobase pair (kbp) region upstream of gene 23. most of these 5' ends arise from rna processing and degradation. two sites at which rna synthesis is initiated have been identified by guanylylation of diphosphate- or triphosphate-terminated rna with vaccinia virion "capping" enzyme and are situated approximately 0.1 and 0.9 ... | 1982 | 6201352 |
| immunoreactivity of long lived h-2 incompatible irradiation chimeras (h-2d leads to h-2b). | allogenic irradiations bone marrow chimeras made according to a new protocol with unmanipulated bone marrow are long lived, healthy and stable full chimeras (h-2d leads to h-2b). their immunocompetence is split. alloreactivity measured by skin graft rejection and mixed lymphocyte culture is within normal range. in contrast, major histocompatibility complex (mhc)-restricted t-cell-dependent primary responses against sheep red blood cells (srbc) or viruses are clearly deficient. the quantitative d ... | 1982 | 6211405 |
| evaluation of hamster natural cytotoxic cells and vaccinia-induced cytotoxic cells for thy-1.2 homologue by using a mouse monoclonal alpha-thy-1.2 antibody. | 1982 | 6126504 | |
| antiviral activity of hetarylhydrazones. | some hetarylhydrazones showed antiviral activity against mengo virus in vitro. the replication of influenza a and b viruses was affected neither in vitro (chick chorioallantoic membranes) nor in vivo (mice). based on dose response curves of the active hetarylhydrazones the compound z 98/69 appeared most effective in vitro. this compound neither inactivated the extracellular virus nor inhibited its adsorption and penetration; it reduced virus replication when added 1-3 hr after mengo virus inocul ... | 1982 | 6127013 |
| animal virus screens for potential teratogens. i. poxvirus morphogenesis. | the growth of poxvirions in cell culture is considered a teratogen screening test, since this virus has a rapid, simple morphogenetic pathway that is dependent upon cell proliferation. vaccinia wr-infected bsc 40 monolayers were exposed to 42 known teratogens and 9 nonteratogens at dosages from 1 microm to 100 mm. after 24 h of infection, the number of functional virions was determined by plaque assay. thirty-three of the 42 teratogens inhibited the virus, 3 teratogens stimulated the virus, and ... | 1982 | 6130636 |
| phenotypic mixing of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) with vaccinia virus. | 1982 | 6132548 | |
| inhibition of cellular protein synthesis by vaccinia virus surface tubules. | 1982 | 6175073 | |
| biogenesis of vaccinia: molecular basis for the hemagglutination-negative phenotype of the ihd-w strain. | 1982 | 6175083 | |
| modification of membrane permeability in vaccinia virus-infected cells. | 1982 | 6175088 | |
| evidence against involvement of host transcription in the replication of vaccinia and herpes simplex viruses. | 1982 | 6281970 | |
| the white pock mutants of rabbit poxvirus. iv. the late white pock (mu) host range (hr) mutants of rabbit poxvirus are blocked in morphogenesis. | 1982 | 6281977 | |
| effects of s-adenosylhomocysteine analogues on vaccinia viral messenger ribonucleic acid synthesis and methylation. | 1982 | 6282307 | |
| rna capping by hela cell rna guanylyltransferase. characterization of a covalent protein-guanylate intermediate. | rna capping by partially purified hela cell gtp:rna guanylyltransferase has been shown to occur in the following sequence of two partial reactions involving a covalent protein-guanylate intermediate: (i) e(p68) + gtp in equilibrium e(p68-gmp) + ppi (ii) e(p68-gmp) + pprna in equilibrium gppprna + e(p68) initially, the enzyme reacts with gtp in the absence of an rna cap acceptor to form a covalent protein-guanylate complex. this complex consists of a gmp residue linked via a phosphoamide bond to ... | 1982 | 6282835 |
| shope fibroma virus. ii. role of the virion-associated nucleases. | the effect of shope fibroma virus (sfv) infection on host dna synthesis was investigated. the cytocidal strain, sfv-i, inhibited the incorporation of [3h]thymidine into nuclear dna very shortly (2 h) after infection, whereas the noncytocidal strain, sfv-w, did so later (10 h postinfection) and to a lesser extent. furthermore, a two- to threefold stimulation of host dna synthesis was recorded in sfv-w-infected cells 3 to 4 h after infection. since virion-associated nucleases have been implicated ... | 1982 | 6283106 |
| shope fibroma virus. i. biological and molecular properties of a cytocidal and a noncytocidal strain. | the biological and molecular properties of two strains of shope fibroma virus (sfv) were compared. sfv-i was highly cytocidal to most of the cell lines tested and produced pocks in the chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryos. by contrast, sfv-w did not produce cytopathic effects in any of the cell lines or in the chorioallantoic membrane, but it induced characteristic foci 3 to 4 days after infection. both strains produced tumors when inoculated into the skin of susceptible rabbits. maximal in ... | 1982 | 6283131 |
| [comparative studies on susceptibility of viruses to ultraviolet rays]. | 1982 | 6283768 | |
| inhibition of herpes simplex virus multiplication by activated macrophages: a role for arginase? | proteose-peptone-activated mouse macrophages can prevent productive infection by herpes simplex virus in neighboring cells in vitro whether or not those cells belong to the same animal species. the effect does not require contact between the macrophages and the infected cells, may be prevented by adding extra arginine to the medium, and may be reversed when extra arginine is added 24 h after the macrophages. arginase activity was found both intracellularly and released from the macrophages. the ... | 1982 | 6286497 |
| restriction enzyme mapping of vaccinia virus dna. | the cleavage sites for the restriction enzymes bg/i, hindiii, kpni, sali, smai, and xhoi were located, from primary data, on the dna isolated from the wr strain of vaccinia virus. bg/i and smai divide the dna into five segments which can be isolated by sucrose gradient centrifugation. these large segments provide a convenient means to group segments produced by other enzymes. the construction of physical maps was initiated by identifying the segments at each end of the dna and then finding segme ... | 1982 | 6286993 |
| mapping and identification of the vaccinia virus thymidine kinase gene. | the thymidine kinase gene of vaccinia virus (vv) was mapped on the viral genome by using cloned fragments of the viral dna to hybridize to early viral mrna. individual dna fragments that represented about half of the viral genome were assayed, both for their ability to arrest the cell-free synthesis of active vv thymidine kinase and for their ability to select functional mrna for the viral enzyme. both activities were located in hindiii fragment j, which maps near the middle of vv dna and contai ... | 1982 | 6287024 |
| [mechanism of cap formation and its function in protein synthesis initiation (author's transl)]. | 1982 | 6287534 |