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seasonal effect on sperm messenger rna profile of domestic swine (sus scrofa).seasonal infertility is a well-known problem in the modern swine (sus scrofa) industry. the molecular mechanisms responsible for thermal effects on spermatogenesis are, however, just beginning to be elucidated. the existence of specific messenger rna (mrna) remnants contained within freshly ejaculated sperm has been identified in several species. investigators have obtained differential rna profiles of infertile men compared with fertile individuals; however, there are limited to the probes, whi ...201020056359
effects of oxygen tension and follicle cells on maturation and fertilization of porcine oocytes during in vitro culture in follicular fluid.the objective was to investigate the effects of oxygen tension and follicle cells (fcs) during in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes in only porcine (sus scrofa domesticus) follicular fluid (pff), using static and non-static (rotating) culture systems, on the nuclear maturation and subsequent in vitro fertilization of the oocytes. in the first experiment, cumulus-oocyte complexes (cocs) were matured for 48 h in pff supplemented with (+) or without (-) fcs (5.2x10(6) cells/ml), using the static ...201020060577
serological, pathological and polymerase chain reaction studies on mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in the wild boar.there are evidences that wild boar and domestic pig populations share the vulnerability to certain pathogens and, in consequence, the risk of pathogen transmission. based on serological evidences, it is known that mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mhyo) is able to infect the wild boar. however, if this infection causes lesions and disease in this species is still unknown. the objectives of the present study were to assess the seroprevalence to mhyo, as well as the rates of detection of mhyo (by nested p ...201020060659
comparing the demonstration of freedom from trichinella infection of domestic pigs by traditional and risk-based surveillance.traditionally, the routine artificial digestion test is applied to assess the presence of trichinella larvae in pigs. however, this diagnostic method has a low sensitivity compared to serological tests. the results from artificial digestion tests in switzerland were evaluated over a time period of 15 years to determine by when freedom from infection based on these data could be confirmed. freedom was defined as a 95% probability that the prevalence of infection was below 0.0001%. freedom was dem ...201020067658
treatment with bioartificial liver improves lung injury in a swine model of partial hepatectomy and ischemia/reperfusion.hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury can lead to remote lung injury by inducing oxidative stress and inflammation. this study aims to investigate whether support of liver function with a bioartificial liver can attenuate remote lung injury after extended hepatectomy.201020306437
preliminary studies into the characterization of chemical markers of decomposition for geoforensics.in this paper, we report the results of our preliminary studies into chemical characterization of the fluids produced during decomposition in the absence of a soil matrix. pig (sus domestica) carcasses were used to model the human decomposition process in two separate locations, western australia (perth) and canada (oshawa). analysis involved simple dilution and filtration of the decomposition fluids followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. several previously unreported compounds were d ...201020070470
tissue distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) in captive domestic pigs, sus scrofa, from a village near an electronic waste recycling site in south china.the dominant part of pbdes residue in pig tissues was bde-47 accounted for 48.2% approximately 66.9%, followed by bde-99 from 15.9% to 24.2%. when the data were on lipid weight basis, the summation operatorpbdes concentrations in tissues of individual pig showed the same order of liver > muscle, intestine > fat. principal component analysis and pbde congener mean concentration ratios of muscle versus liver (m/l), fat versus liver (f/l) and intestine versus liver (i/l) showed the higher accumulat ...201020091151
ex vivo skin infection model.over the past decade, the emergence of bacterial strains resistant to conventional antibiotics has necessitated the discovery and development of new antimicrobial therapies. this chapter describes a skin infection model that is based on the use of excised skin derived from the domestic pig. the model conditions mimic the environment of human skin and efficiently support the growth of clinically relevant bacterial and fungal species, thus making it useful for evaluating the activity of antimicrob ...201020094875
spatial and temporal expression of spermadhesin genes in reproductive tracts of male and female pigs and ejaculated sperm.spermadhesins, a novel protein family identified in the reproductive tract of ungulates, have important roles in reproduction. in this study, the expression of pig (sus domesticus) spermadhesion genes in seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands from birth to sexual maturity and the spatial expression in adult male and female genital tracts and ejaculated sperm of meishan pigs were evaluated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). in general, all spermadhesin gene ...201020102779
qualitative and quantitative distribution of pcv2 in wild boars and domestic pigs in germany.porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2), the causative agent of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws), has been detected in north american and european wild boars at prevalences arguing for high circulation rates among populations. systematic data on the qualitative distribution of pcv2 infections and on pcvd (pcv2 diseases) in wild boars are rare, however, and quantitative data about viral loads are missing. to be able to judge the pcv2/pcvd situation in wild boars, evaluation of the nationwide ...201020346600
glucagon-like peptide-1 (glp-1) attenuates post-resuscitation myocardial microcirculatory dysfunction.post-resuscitation syndrome leads to death in approximately 2 out of every 3 successfully resuscitated victims, and myocardial microcirculatory dysfunction is a major component of this syndrome. the aim of this study was to determine if glucagon-like peptide-1 (glp-1) improves post-resuscitation myocardial microcirculatory function.201020347207
developmental ability of miniature pig embryos cloned with mesenchymal stem cells.the present study compared the developmental ability of miniature pig embryos cloned with fetal fibroblasts (ffs), bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (mscs) and differentiated (osteocytes, adipocytes and chondrocytes) mscs. mscs were isolated from an approximately 1-month-old female miniature pig (t-type, pwg micro-pig((r)), pwg genetics korea). mscs were differentiated into osteocytes, adipocytes and chondrocytes under controlled conditions and characterized by cell surface antigen prof ...201020103985
functional and comparative evaluation of flexible monopolar endoscopic scissors.the continued success of natural orifice translumenal endoscopic procedures requires reliable, accurate tissue dissection and suture cutting. this study aimed to evaluate a flexible endoscopic scissors prototype.201020108151
discriminating the effect of accelerated compression from accelerated decompression during high-impulse cpr in a porcine model of cardiac arrest.piston based mechanical chest compression devices deliver compressions and decompressions in an accelerated pattern, resulting in superior haemodynamics compared to manual compression in animal studies. the present animal study compares haemodynamics during two different hybrid compression patterns to a standard compression pattern resembling that of modern mechanical chest compression devices.201020122780
heterogeneity in spike protein genes of porcine epidemic diarrhea viruses isolated in korea.porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) has plagued the domestic swine industry in korea causing significant economic impacts on pig production nationwide. in the present study, we determined the complete nucleotide sequences of the spike (s) glycoprotein genes of seven korean pedv isolates. the entire s genes of all isolates were found to be nine nucleotides longer in length than other pedv reference strains. this size difference was due to the combined presence of notable 15 bp insertion and 6 ...201020132850
the influence of penetrative trauma on the rate of decomposition.an understanding of the factors affecting decomposition is important for the accurate estimation of postmortem interval. an experimental study on the influence of penetrating trauma on decomposition rate was carried out using the domestic pig, sus scrofa. the results of this study were: (i) diptera were preferentially attracted to and oviposited at natural orifices. trauma sites were not preferentially selected for oviposition; (ii) no differences between trauma and non-trauma groups were found ...201020141561
[the influence of hypothermia therapy on enzymology and pathology of lung after cardiac arrest].to study the effect of hypothermia on pro-inflammatory mediators in serum, the enzymology and pathology of lung tissue.201020170611
a novel double-endoloop technique for natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery gastric access site closure.effective and safe access site closure is critical for clinical application of natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery.201020170912
reduction of odorants in swine manure by carbohydrate and bacterial amendments.malodors from pig manure storage pits are a problem lacking a cost-efficient solution particularly for small pig (sus domestica) farms. the objective of this study was to reduce emissions of noxious odorants by changing the conditions in the pig manure to favor an altered microbial community. sugars (maltose, lactose, and saccharose), carbohydrate-rich waste (maltose syrup and wheat flour), and bacterial amendments (lactobacillus plantarum and l. amylophilus) were tested for their effect on manu ...201020176840
artificial selection of the melanocortin receptor 1 gene in chinese domestic pigs during domestication.black coat colour is common in chinese indigenous domestic pigs, but not among their wild ancestors, and it is thus presumed to be a 'domestication trait.' to determine whether artificial interference contributes to morphological diversification, we examined nucleotide variation from 157 chinese domestic pigs and 40 wild boars in the melanocortin receptor 1 (mc1r) gene, which has a key role in the coat pigmentation of sus scrofa. compared with a pseudogene gpip, our results showed that the joint ...201020179735
a trucut biopsy needle for bipolar radiofrequency ablation of needle tract: a proof-of-concept experiment.to develop a trucut biopsy needle featuring two electrodes that allow for bipolar radiofrequency (rf) coagulation of the puncture tract.201020179938
rapid and selective enzymatic debridement of porcine comb burns with bromelain-derived debrase: acute-phase preservation of noninjured tissue and zone of stasis.deep burns are associated with the formation of an eschar, which delays healing and increases the risk of infection. surgical debridement of the eschar is, at present, the fastest means to achieve an eschar-free bed, but the process can not differentiate between the viable tissue and the eschar and follow the minute irregularities of the interface between the two. we evaluated the efficacy and selectivity of a novel enzymatic bromelain-based debriding agent, debrase gel dressing (debrase), in a ...201020182376
comparison of articular cartilage repair by autologous chondrocytes with and without in vitro cultivation.autologous chondrocyte implantation usually requires in vitro cell expansion before implantation. we compared the efficacy of cartilage regeneration by in vitro-expanded chondrocytes at high density and freshly harvested chondrocytes at low density.201020187869
seroprevalence and risk factors associated with toxoplasma gondii infection in pig farms from catalonia, north-eastern spain.seroprevalence and associated risk factors for toxoplasma gondii infection in pigs were analyzed in 1202 sera samples, including sows and pigs of three, seven, 11, 15 and 20 weeks of age, from 23 farms in catalonia, north-eastern spain. antibodies were tested by the modified agglutination test (mat) at titers > or =1:25. antibodies to t. gondii were found in 228 samples (19.0%; 95% ci: 16.8-21.2). the individual prevalence in animals higher than 7 weeks of age was 22.8% (174/762; 95% ci: 16.6-29 ...201020189210
the effect of posterior distraction on vertebral growth in immature pigs: an experimental simulation of growing rod technique.experimental study.201020195208
evaluation of a hemostatic sponge (tachosil) for sealing of the renal collecting system in a porcine laparoscopic partial nephrectomy survival model.the objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of tachosil (nycomed uk, oxford, buckinghamshire, uk), a hemostatic sponge, to seal major collecting system injuries (in addition to providing an adjunct to hemostasis) after partial nephrectomy in a porcine chronic survival model.201020218894
variation of aujeszky's disease viruses in wild swine in usa.in the united states of america, aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) has been eradicated from all domestic swine. some re-emergence of infection occurred as vaccine use diminished. sporadic outbreaks have also occurred because of the reservoir of infection in feral swine that have spread across the southern two-thirds of the country and hawaii. in order to be able to understand the origins of re-emerging virus, sequence analysis of variable genes in pseudorabies virus (prv) has been used to differ ...201020444559
deciphering modifications in swine cardiac troponin i by top-down high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry.cardiac troponin i (ctni) is an important regulatory protein in cardiac muscle, and its modification represents a key mechanism in the regulation of cardiac muscle contraction and relaxation. ctni is often referred to as the "gold-standard" serum biomarker for diagnosing patients with acute cardiac injury since it is unique to the heart and released into the circulation following necrotic death of cardiac tissue. the swine (sus scrofa) heart model is extremely valuable for cardiovascular researc ...201020223681
mammalian limb loading and chondral modeling during ontogeny.the adaptive growth response of cartilage, or chondral modeling, can result in changes in joint and limb proportions during ontogeny and ultimately contribute to the adult form. despite hamrick's (1999) reevaluation of the mechanisms of chondral modeling, the process of chondral modeling remains poorly studied in animal models. here, we characterize the macro- and microanatomical responses of the femoral growth plate, articular cartilage, and bone in 15 juvenile sus scrofa domestica subjected to ...201020235322
mutations in the ns1 c-terminal tail do not enhance replication or virulence of the 2009 pandemic h1n1 influenza a virus.the 'classical' swine h1n1 influenza a virus lineage was established after the devastating 1918 human pandemic virus entered domestic pig herds. a descendent of this lineage recently re-emerged in humans as the 2009 pandemic h1n1 virus. adaptation in pigs has led to several changes in the multifunctional viral ns1 protein as compared with the parental 1918 virus, most notably a k217e substitution that abolishes binding to host crk/crkl signalling adapters, and an 11 aa c-terminal truncation. usi ...201020237225
comparison between locking and non-locking plates for fixation of metacarpal fractures in an animal model.the use of locking plates increases the primary load to failure, thereby reducing the rate of implant-related failure. the good clinical and biomechanical results of locking plates in long bones might be applicable to treatment of metacarpal fractures. the purpose of this study was to determine strength and stiffness of locking plates in a metacarpal fracture model with mono- and bicortical screw fixation in comparison to non-locking plate mono- and bicortical screw fixation, with both types of ...201020299161
infrahepatic caudal/inferior vena cava interruption with azygos/hemiazygos continuation. vascular anomaly in swine.swine are commonly used as a model to study congenital cardiovascular defects that occur in humans and these models have been both spontaneous and experimentally induced. ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, and atrial septal defect (asd) are examples of experimentally induced models. absence of caudal/inferior vena cava (cvc/ivc) with azygos/hemiazygos continuation is an uncommon vascular anomaly.201022933907
increased sinusoidal flow is not the primary stimulus to liver regeneration.hemodynamic changes in the liver remnant following partial hepatectomy (phx) have been suggested to be a primary stimulus in triggering liver regeneration. we hypothesized that it is the increased sinusoidal flow per se and hence the shear-stress stimulus on the endothelial surface within the liver remnant which is the main stimulus to regeneration. in order to test this hypothesis we wanted to increase the sinusoidal flow without performing a concomitant liver resection. accordingly, we constru ...201020148099
distinct gene expression profiles in egg and synergid cells of rice as revealed by cell type-specific microarrays.double fertilization in flowering plants refers to a process in which two sperm cells, carried by the pollen tube, fertilize both the egg and the central cell after their release into a synergid cell of the female gametophyte. the molecular processes by which the female gametophytic cells express their unique functions during fertilization are not well understood. genes expressed in egg and synergid cells might be important for multiple stages of the plant reproductive process. here, we profiled ...201021106719
chromosomal assignment of porcine pregnancy-associated glycoprotein gene family.this study presents the chromosomal assignment of a multiple pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (pag) gene family in the domestic pig (ppag). the ppag locus was identified by physical mapping (fluorescent in situ hybridisation-fish; with various probes), and additionally confirmed by southern hybridisation of ppag amplicons using laser microdissected sus scrofa chromosome 1 (ssc1), as genomic templates. various ppag probes were produced with the use of diverse identified templates: ppag1-6, -8, - ...201019487088
enteric calicivirus and rotavirus infections in domestic pigs.we report the prevalence of rotavirus and calicivirus infections, along with their respective association with diarrhoea in the porcine population of the region of northern spain. a total of 221 samples were collected at random from different farms in the region and from the main slaughterhouse facility in the city of zaragoza. faecal samples were scored as diarrhoeic or normal and grouped into five groups to match general farm management and age criteria: group i (suckling 0-4 weeks), group ii ...201019781118
wireless video capsule enteroscopy in preclinical studies: methodical design of its applicability in experimental pigs.the aim of this project was to develop a methodology to introduce wireless video capsule endoscopy in preclinical research. five mature female pigs (sus scrofa domestica) were selected for the study. capsule endoscopes (the endocapsule system; olympus) were introduced into the duodenum endoscopically in each of the animals. the life span of batteries (i.e., total time of endoscopy recording) was 487-540 min (median 492 min). the capsule endoscope reached the cecum during enteroscopy once (after ...201019294508
heritable targeted inactivation of myostatin gene in yellow catfish (pelteobagrus fulvidraco) using engineered zinc finger nucleases.yellow catfish (pelteobagrus fulvidraco) is one of the most important freshwater aquaculture species in china. however, its small size and lower meat yield limit its edible value. myostatin (mstn) is a negative regulator of mammalian muscle growth. but, the function of mstn in fish remains elusive. to explore roles of mstn gene in fish growth and create a strain of yellow catfish with high amount of muscle mass, we performed targeted disruption of mstn in yellow catfish using engineered zinc-fin ...201122194943
a genomic approach to examine the complex evolution of laurasiatherian mammals.recent phylogenomic studies have failed to conclusively resolve certain branches of the placental mammalian tree, despite the evolutionary analysis of genomic data from 32 species. previous analyses of single genes and retroposon insertion data yielded support for different phylogenetic scenarios for the most basal divergences. the results indicated that some mammalian divergences were best interpreted not as a single bifurcating tree, but as an evolutionary network. in these studies the relatio ...201122164244
optical properties of in situ eye lenses measured with x-ray talbot interferometry: a novel measure of growth processes.the lens, a major optical component of the eye, has a gradient refractive index, which is required to provide sufficient refractive power and image quality. the refractive index variations across the lens are dependent on the distributions and concentrations of the varying protein classes. in this study, we present the first measurements of the refractive index in the in situ eye lens from five species using a specially constructed x-ray talbot grating interferometer. the measurements have been ...201121949870
mitochondrial dna diversity in wild boar from the primorsky krai region (east russia).we have studied the cytochrome b gene and control region dna variability in 14 wild boars from the primorsky region, in the far east corner of russia. variability was low (π = 0.00248 overall) compared with the usual estimates in these loci, indicating that this is a rather closed population. seven haplotypes were found, and one was identical to a chinese wild boar. phylogeographically, the sequences clustered among several asian clades, primarily chinese domestic pigs and japanese and chinese w ...201120477807
protective effect of nac preconditioning against ischemia-reperfusion injury in piglet small bowel transplantation: effects on plasma tnf, il-8, hyaluronic acid, and no.ischemia-reperfusion (i/r) injury is one of the main factors affecting the function and structure of small bowel transplantation (sbt), by generation of proinflammatory mediators such as reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, cytokines, and endotoxin. experimental data have demonstrated that n-acetylcysteine (nac) attenuates intestinal i/r injury. the objective of this study was to determine the effect of nac preconditioning on the sbt-i/r induced inflammatory cascade, with particul ...201120036383
phylogenetic analysis of recent classical swine fever virus (csfv) isolates from assam, india.classical swine fever (csf), a highly contagious viral disease of pigs, is endemic in india. as there is no information concerning the accurate genetic typing of classical swine fever virus (csfv) isolates in india, 16 csf viruses isolated during 2005-2007 from domestic pigs in different districts of assam were typed in 5' utr (150 nucleotides). to confirm the genetic typing results and to study the genetic variability, selected viruses were also analyzed in e2 (190 nt) and ns5b gene (409 nt) re ...201119896713
identification of a second gene associated with variation in vertebral number in domestic pigs.the number of vertebrae in pigs varies and is associated with body size. wild boars have 19 vertebrae, but european commercial breeds for pork production have 20 to 23 vertebrae. we previously identified two quantitative trait loci (qtls) for number of vertebrae on sus scrofa chromosomes (ssc) 1 and 7, and reported that an orphan nuclear receptor, nr6a1, was located at the qtl on ssc1. at the nr6a1 locus, wild boars and asian local breed pigs had the wild-type allele and european commercial-bree ...201121232157
microrna expression profiling of the porcine developing brain.micrornas are small, non-coding rna molecules that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and play an important role in the control of developmental and physiological processes. in particular, the developing brain contains an impressive diversity of micrornas. most microrna expression profiling studies have been performed in human or rodents and relatively limited knowledge exists in other mammalian species. the domestic pig is considered to be an excellent, alternate, large ...201121253018
effects of sodium selenite and amiloride on calvarial calcification in closing small cranial defects.fresh autogenous bone graft is the most preferred osteoplastic material, whether the purpose is cosmetic, psychological, or for the protection of the brain. these grafts are not rejected and do not react immunologically. the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of autogenous fat rolled with bone dust derived from the bur hole in closing small cranial defects. additionally, the authors examined the morphological and biochemical effects of na selenite and amiloride on calvarial calcifica ...201120672896
the role of movement restrictions and pre-emptive destruction in the emergency control strategy against csf outbreaks in domestic pigs.classical swine fever (csf) outbreaks in domestic pig herds lead to the implementation of standard control measures according to legislative regulations. ideal outbreak control entails the swift and efficient culling of all pigs on premises detected positive for csf virus. often all pig holdings around the detected cases are pre-emptively destroyed to exclude transmission into the neighbourhood. in addition to these measures, zones are defined in which surveillance and protection measures are in ...201121300412
video: transcervical videoscopic esophageal dissection in minimally invasive esophagectomy.minimally invasive esophagectomy (mie) may involve video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (vats) for mediastinal esophageal dissection. usually, vats requires single-lung ventilation and has associated cardiopulmonary morbidity [1-3]. alternatively, transhiatal dissection can be performed, although its complications include vocal cord palsy [4], cardiac arrythmias [5], and increased bleeding [5, 6], the latter associated with mortality after esophagectomy [2]. therefore, the feasibility of mie usi ...201120844900
oct4-enhanced green fluorescent protein transgenic pigs: a new large animal model for reprogramming studies.the domesticated pig has emerged as an important tool for development of surgical techniques, advancement of xenotransplantation, creation of important disease models, and preclinical testing of novel cell therapies. however, germ line-competent pluripotent porcine stem cells have not yet been derived. this has been a major obstacle to genetic modification of pigs. the transcription factor oct4 is essential for the maintenance of pluripotency and for reprogramming somatic cells to a pluripotent ...201121126163
changes of dna methylation level and spatial arrangement of primordial germ cells in embryonic day 15 to embryonic day 28 pig embryos.the mammalian germline is generally assumed to undergo extensive epigenetic reprogramming during embryonic development, including a nearly complete erasure of dna methylation. this assumption does, however, to large degree rely on data from mouse, and despite a well-grounded picture the general nature of these data needs to be validated by investigations of other mammalian species. this study represents such a contribution in the examination of the germline in the domestic pig (sus scrofa). semi ...201121293033
coronary vein infusion of multipotent stromal cells from bone marrow preserves cardiac function in swine ischemic cardiomyopathy via enhanced neovascularization.few reports have examined the effects of adult bone marrow multipotent stromal cells (mscs) on large animals, and no useful method has been established for msc implantation. in this study, we investigate the effects of msc infusion from the coronary vein in a swine model of chronic myocardial infarction (mi). mi was induced in domestic swine by placing beads in the left coronary artery. bone marrow cells were aspirated and then cultured to isolate the mscs. at 4 weeks after mi, mscs labeled with ...201121283079
new piophilid in town: the first palaearctic record of piophila megastigmata and its coexistence with piophila casei in central spain.the genus piophila fallén (diptera: piophilidae) is known from only two species: piophila casei (l.) is a major pest, a cosmopolitan species and is commonly used as a forensic indicator, whereas piophila megastigmata mcalpine has until now only been recorded in a natural environment in south africa. the present work reports the first occurrence of p. megastigmata in the palaearctic region from specimens collected by carrion-baited traps throughout different natural habitats of central spain. fur ...201120819151
a preclinical in vivo investigation of high-intensity focused ultrasound combined with radiotherapy.this study aims to perform an in vivo investigation evaluating the injury to the pancreas and adjacent tissue of swine resulting with high-intensity focused ultrasound (hifu) combined with radiotherapy (rt). the protocol was approved by the animal ethics committee at the peking university first hospital. a total of 12 domestic swine were divided into four groups: control, hifu only, rt only and hifu + rt. the injury to the pancreas, adjacent tissue and tissue within the acoustic path of the hifu ...201121144959
prevalence of classical swine fever virus in india: a 6-year study (2004-2010).a study was undertaken regarding the prevalence of classical swine fever virus (csfv) antibodies and antigens in sera and suspected tissue samples of domestic pigs. the samples were received between january 2004 and september 2010. a total of 594 serum samples from 12 states and 287 tissue samples from 13 states of india were tested using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) kits. the mean prevalence of csfv antibodies in suspected sera was 63.3% (376/594), whereas 76.7% (220/287 ...201121429182
quantitative computed tomography in porcine lung injury with variable versus conventional ventilation: recruitment and surfactant replacement.biologically variable ventilation improves lung function in acute respiratory distress models. if enhanced recruitment is responsible for these results, then biologically variable ventilation might promote distribution of exogenous surfactant to nonaerated areas. our objectives were to confirm model predictions of enhanced recruitment with biologically variable ventilation using computed tomography and to determine whether surfactant replacement with biologically variable ventilation provides ad ...201121460711
prevalence of antibody to toxoplasma gondii and trichinella spp. in feral pigs (sus scrofa) of eastern north carolina.feral pigs (sus scrofa) survive in many climates, reproduce year-round, and are dietary generalists. in the united states, the size and range of the feral pig population has expanded, resulting in greater interaction with humans and domestic swine and increased potential for disease transmission. we conducted a serosurvey in feral pigs from eastern north carolina to determine exposure to the zoonotic parasites, toxoplasma gondii and trichinella spp. between september 2007 and march 2009, blood s ...201121441186
markers of progenitor cell recruitment and differentiation rise early during ischemia and continue during resuscitation in a porcine acute ischemia model.clinical administration of bone marrow-derived stem cells in the setting of acute myocardial infarction (ami) leads to improved left ventricular ejection fraction. thymosin beta-4 (tb4) and vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) are linked to adult epicardial progenitor cell mobilization and neovascularization and is cardioprotective after myocardial ischemia. this study investigated the time course of tb4 and vegf during ami, cardiac arrest, and resuscitation. fifteen anesthetized and instru ...201121332365
vascular access port implantation and serial blood sampling in a gottingen minipig (sus scrofa domestica) model of acute radiation injury.threats of nuclear and other radiologic exposures have been increasing, but no countermeasure for acute radiation syndrome has been approved by regulatory authorities. because of their similarity to humans in regard to physiology and anatomy, we are characterizing gottingen minipigs as a model to aid the development of radiation countermeasures. irradiated minipigs exhibit immunosuppression, severe thrombocytopenia, vascular leakage, and acute inflammation. these complications render serial acqu ...201121333166
microsurgical cerebral aneurysm training porcine model.the authors developed a simple reproducible technique for aneurysm creation and adapted it to mimic intracranial dissection conditions using glue application as a pseudo-arachnoid type layer. ten 1-2-month-old healthy domestic swine were employed under general anesthesia. a novel technique for bifurcation aneurysm creation was developed using two arteries and a vein. after aneurysm creation, diluted sulfuric acid was applied on the dome with a micropipette to increase aneurysm fragility in selec ...201121339668
semi-preparative isolation and purification of three tauro-conjugated cholic acids from pulvis fellis suis by hsccc coupled with elsd detection.coupled with evaporative light scattering detection, a high-speed counter-current chromatography (hsccc) method was applied to the separation and purification of three tauro-conjugated cholic acids of taurochenodeoxycholic acid (tcdca), taurohyodeoxycholic acid (thdca) and taurohyocholic acid (thca) from pulvis fellis suis (pig gallbladder bile) for the first time. the two-phase solvent system composed of chloroform-methanol-water-acetic acid (4:4:2:0.3, v/v/v/v) was selected for the one-step se ...201121442029
the diameter of anodic tio(2) nanotubes affects bone formation and correlates with the bone morphogenetic protein-2 expression in vivo.introduction: recently, it has been demonstrated that the nanoscale environment is a critical factor for cellular behaviour. it has been shown that the diameter of tio(2) nanotube layers controls the cellular behaviour of cells involved in the bone-forming process in vitro. therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of the diameter of tio(2) nanotubes on peri-implant bone formation and the expression of bone matrix proteins in vivo. materials and methods: ninety exper ...201121443609
genome-wide footprints of pig domestication and selection revealed through massive parallel sequencing of pooled dna.background: artificial selection has caused rapid evolution in domesticated species. the identification of selection footprints across domesticated genomes can contribute to uncover the genetic basis of phenotypic diversity. methodology/main findings: genome wide footprints of pig domestication and selection were identified using massive parallel sequencing of pooled reduced representation libraries (rrl) representing ∼2% of the genome from wild boar and four domestic pig breeds (large white, la ...201121483733
the response of cranial biomechanical finite element models to variations in mesh density.finite element (fe) models provide discrete solutions to continuous problems. therefore, to arrive at the correct solution, it is vital to ensure that fe models contain a sufficient number of elements to fully resolve all the detail encountered in a continuum structure. mesh convergence testing is the process of comparing successively finer meshes to identify the point of diminishing returns; where increasing resolution has marginal effects on results and further detail would become costly and u ...201121370496
[standardized selection and its consequences for genetic population structure (examplified by sus scrofa l.)].type of selection for total fitness, specific for domestic animals and termed by us standardizing selection, is discussed. consequences of such selection for the population structure genetic are considered taking a population of domestic pigs as an example. examples of effective and ineffective standardizing selection are presented. specific features of genetic determination often quantitative traits detected in analysis of standardizing selection are discussed.201121446188
genetic characterisation of african swine fever viruses from recent and historical outbreaks in sardinia (1978-2009).three discrete regions of the african swine fever virus (asfv) were analysed in the genomes of a wide range of isolates collected from wild and domestic pigs in sardinia, over a 31-year period (1978-2009). the analysis was conducted by genotyping based on sequence data from three single copy asf genes. the e183l gene encoding the structural protein p54 and part of the gene encoding the p72 protein were used to delineate genotypes, before intra-genotypic resolution of viral relationships by analy ...201121373994
combined chemical and optical methods for monitoring the early decay stages of surrogate human models.as the body decays shortly after death, a variety of gases and volatile organic compounds (vocs) constantly emanate. ethical and practical reasons limit the use of human corpses in controlled, time-dependent, intervening experiments for monitoring the chemistry of body decay. therefore the utilization of pig carcasses serves as a potential surrogate to human models. the aim of this work was to study buried body decay in conditions of entrapment in collapsed buildings. six domestic pigs were used ...201121450424
developmental changes affecting lectin binding in the vomeronasal organ of domestic pigs, sus scrofa.this study investigated the developmental changes of glycoconjugate patterns in the porcine vomeronasal organs (vnos) and associated glands (jacobson's glands) from prenatal (9 weeks of gestation) and postnatal (2 days after birth) to the sexually mature stage (6 months old). the vno of pigs (sus scrofa) was examined using the following: dolichos biflorus agglutinin (dba), bandeiraea simplicifolia agglutinin isolectin b4 (bsi-b4), triticum vulgaris agglutinin (wga), ulex europaeus agglutinin i ( ...201121376374
species-specific variation in rela underlies differences in nf-?b activity: a potential role in african swine fever pathogenesis.african swine fever virus (asfv) is a highly infectious disease of domestic pigs, with virulent isolates causing a rapidly fatal hemorrhagic fever. in contrast, the porcine species endogenous to africa tolerate infection. the ability of the virus to persist in one host while killing another genetically related host implies that disease severity may be, in part, modulated by host genetic variation. to complement transcription profiling approaches to identify the underlying genetic variation in th ...201121450812
microdialysis assessment of percutaneous penetration of ketoprofen after transdermal administration to hairless rats and domestic pigs.the study was performed to evaluate the percutaneous penetration of ketoprofen after transdermal administration using a microdialysis technique in pigs, in comparison with rats. ketoprofen release from patches was determined by analysis of the remaining drug content after application to hairless rats and pigs. skin and knee joint penetration of ketoprofen was tested by microdialysis, and recovery was determined by retrodialysis. residual rates in hairless rats and pigs were 68.1 -¦ 1.6% and 81.7 ...201121397690
detection and phylogenetic characterization of human hepatitis e virus strains, czech republic.to determine the origin of hepatitis e virus in the czech republic, we analyzed patient clinical samples. five isolates of genotypes 3e, 3f, and 3g were obtained. their genetic relatedness with czech strains from domestic pigs and wild boars and patient recollections suggest an autochthonous source likely linked to consumption of contaminated pork.201121529412
validation of an automated method for salivary alpha-amylase measurements in pigs (sus scrofa domesticus) and its application as a stress biomarker.the aim of the current study was to validate an automated spectrophotometric method for salivary alpha-amylase measurement in pigs and evaluate its possible application as a noninvasive stress biomarker. the analytical validation included intra- and interassay precision, linearity under dilution, and limit of detection. in addition, to study the possible use of salivary alpha-amylase as a possible stress marker, 12 crossbred growing pigs of 3-4 months of age were subjected to restraint stress by ...201121398448
intracoronary adiponectin at reperfusion reduces infarct size in a porcine myocardial infarction model.reperfusion injury (ri) remains an important limitation of myocardial revascularization. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of the intracoronary injection of adiponectin on ri and cardiomyocyte death in a porcine myocardial infarction model. acute infarction in 14 polish domestic pigs was induced by inflation of an over the wire balloon (otw) catheter in the medial left anterior descending artery for 60-ámin. the study group consisted of 7 pigs in which intracoronary adip ...201121399860
pcr-based molecular characterization and insilico analysis of food-borne trematode parasites paragonimus westermani, fasciolopsis buski and fasciola gigantica from northeast india using its2 rdna.food-borne fluke infections/trematodiases are emerging as a major public health problem worldwide with over 40 million people affected and over 10% of world population at risk of infection. the major concentration of these infections is in southeast asian and western pacific regions, where the epidemiological factors (including the prevalent socio-cultural food habits) are conducive for transmission of these infections. the preponderance of these infections is usually in food deficit poor commun ...201121544167
second prize: in-vivo physiological impact of alpha blockade on the porcine ureter with distal ureteral obstruction.alpha blockade has been well described clinically for expulsion of distal ureteral stone. however, the in-vivo effects of a-blockade on ureteral dynamics during stone passage are not clear. we studied the effects of oral alfuzosin on ureteral pressure and peristalsis in a distally obstructed porcine ureter.201121401393
protection of european domestic pigs from virulent african isolates of african swine fever virus by experimental immunisation.african swine fever (asf) is an acute haemorrhagic disease of domestic pigs for which there is currently no vaccine. we showed that experimental immunisation of pigs with the non-virulent ourt88/3 genotype i isolate from portugal followed by the closely related virulent ourt88/1 genotype i isolate could confer protection against challenge with virulent isolates from africa including the genotype i benin 97/1 isolate and genotype x uganda 1965 isolate. this immunisation strategy protected most pi ...201121549789
vardenafil effect on ureteric smooth muscle: in vitro study in porcine model.phosphodiesrase type 5 inhibitors have been recently reported to induce a relaxing effect on ureteral smooth muscle. we conducted an in vitro study to elucidate the relaxing effect of various doses of vardenafil on the porcine ureter. moreover, we propose a porcine ureter model for the evaluation of the effect of different substances on the ureter.201121401398
age-related changes in corticosteroid receptor expression and monoamine neurotransmitter concentrations in various brain regions of postnatal pigs.negative early life experience may be associated with altered functioning of stress-related systems and may increase vulnerability to diseases later in life. corticosteroids are important mediators of homeostasis and stress and exert their effects via two receptors, the mineralocorticoid receptor (mr) and the glucocorticoid receptor (gr), and through the glucocorticoid-metabolizing enzymes 11ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11ß-hsd) types 1 and 2 in a brain-region-specific manner. however, relati ...201121416484
genotyping of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in wild boar lung samples.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the etiologic agent of enzootic pneumonia (ep), an important cause of disease-associated losses in swine production and a role of wild boar in recurrent infections can be supposed. genotypes of m. hyopneumoniae from wild boar are unknown but could indicate its role as a potential reservoir. therefore, 34 lung samples being pcr-positive for m. hyopneumoniae from wild boar from the geneva region in switzerland were assayed by genotyping using the p146 and multi-locus se ...201121571452
the effect of combined delivery of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 and recombinant human vascular endothelial growth factor 165 from biomimetic calcium-phosphate-coated implants on osseointegration.objectives: the delivery of growth factors for enhanced osseointegration depends on the effectiveness of the carrier systems at the bone-implant interface. this study evaluated the effect of solo and dual delivery of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhbmp-2) and recombinant human vascular endothelial growth factor (rhvegf(165) ) from biomimetically octacalcium phosphate-coated implants on osseointegration. materials and methods: biomimetic implants, bearing either a single growth ...201121418332
welfare assessment in porcine biomedical research - suggestion for an operational tool.in recent years, increasing interest in using the pig (sus scrofa) for biomedical research has become evident. today, the pig is considered an advantageous alternative animal model for various human diseases and conditions. however, even though a considerable amount of biomedical research has been done on pigs, hardly any studies include systematic welfare assessment. still, it is essential to assess welfare of laboratory pigs, both domestic pig breeds and smaller purpose-bred breeds, as (1) sci ...201121420697
effects of local intracoronary paclitaxel delivery using the remedy transport catheter on neointimal hyperplasia after stent implantation in a porcine model.to assess the effects of local paclitaxel delivery using the remedy catheter on neointimal hyperplasia in a porcine model and compare these results to commercially available bms and biodegradable polymer-coated paclitaxel-eluting stents (bp-pes).201121421185
vaccination with viral protein-mimicking peptides postpones mortality in domestic pigs infected by african swine fever virus.periodic outbreaks of african swine fever virus (asfv) infection around the world threaten local populations of domestic pigs with lethal disease and provide grounds for pandemic spread. effective vaccination may bring this threat under control. we investigated the effectiveness of select peptides mimicking viral proteins in establishing a protective immune response. forty-six synthetic peptides based on the analysis of the complete nucleotide sequence of asfv were tested for immunogenicity in m ...201121468582
behavioural and cardiac responses towards conspecific distress calls in domestic pigs (sus scrofa).in domestic pigs, vocalisation can be an indicator of distress and negative emotional states. it might play a role in the transfer of emotion between individuals ('emotional contagion' or 'empathy'), which could result in impaired animal welfare on a group level based on the distress in an individual member of the group. the aim of this study was to characterise the responses of pigs to conspecific distress calls. we performed a playback experiment in an open arena with 24 juvenile german landra ...201121439307
evolution of endogenous retroviruses in the suidae: evidence for different viral subpopulations in african and eurasian host species.abstract: background: porcine endogenous retroviruses (pervs) represent remnants of an exogenous form that have become integrated in the domestic pig (sus scrofa) genome. although they are usually inactive, the capacity of gamma1 ervs to infect human cells in vitro has raised concerns about xenotransplantation because the viruses could cross the species barrier to humans. here we have analyzed the evolution of gamma1 ervs in ten species of suidae (suids, pigs and hogs) from eurasia and africa us ...201121609472
parenteral aluminum induces liver injury in a newborn piglet model.parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis remains a significant problem, especially for the surgical neonate. aluminum is a toxic element known to contaminate parenteral nutrition. we hypothesize that parenterally administered aluminum causes liver injury similar to that seen in parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis.201121616246
the consumption of glucose during ex vivo lung perfusion correlates with lung edema.ex vivo lung perfusion (evlp) has been recently proposed to recondition organs before transplantation from donors with marginal or unacceptable features. the aim of our investigation was to explore glucose consumption during evlp.201121620034
long-term treatment with nifedipine suppresses coronary hyperconstricting responses and inflammatory changes induced by paclitaxel-eluting stent in pigs in vivo: possible involvement of rho-kinase pathway.aims accumulating evidence indicates that coronary vasoconstricting responses are enhanced at the edges of coronary segment implanted with a drug-eluting stent (des) compared with a bare-metal stent (bms) in humans. we have recently demonstrated that rho-kinase pathway plays an important role in des-induced coronary hyperconstricting responses associated with inflammatory changes in pigs in vivo. this study examined whether long-term treatment with calcium channel blocker suppresses des-induced ...201121624903
durability of the self-approximating translumenal access technique (stat) for potential use in natural orifice translumenal surgery (notes).the self-approximating translumenal access technique (stat) has been shown to provide a safe and reliable means of abdominal access for natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery (notes). however, the feasibility of using stat for translumenal organ resection is unknown. this study aimed to evaluate the technical performance of organ resection using stat, the integrity of the stat gastric tunnel after organ resection, and the postoperative morbidity of organ resection using stat.201120725749
comparison of the substrate kinetics of pig cyp3a29 with pig liver microsomes and human cyp3a4.cyp (cytochrome p450) 3a29 in pigs could be an important candidate gene responsible for xenobiotic metabolism, similar to cyp3a4 in humans. accordingly, the tissue expression of cyp3a29 mrna in domestic pigs has been determined by a real-time pcr. the enzymatic properties of cyp3a29, cyp3a4 and plm (pig liver microsomes) were compared by kinetic analysis of tst (testosterone) 6β-hydroxylation and nif (nifedipine) oxidation. cyp3a29 mrna was highly expressed in the liver and small intestines of d ...201120863320
peptide vaccine candidates against classical swine fever virus: t cell and neutralizing antibody responses of dendrimers displaying e2 and ns2-3 epitopes.three peptide-based systems integrating b and t antigenic sites of csfv and displaying the b epitopes in fourfold presentation have been designed and produced, and shown to bring about significant enhancements in immunogenicity over the peptides in monomeric form. of the different strategies tested for producing the dendrimeric constructs, stepwise spps using 3,6-dioxaoctanoic acid as flexible, peg-like spacer units at the branching points is clearly advantageous, in particular over ligation in ...201120812373
rapid intradermal delivery of liquid formulations using a hollow microstructured array.the purpose of this work is to demonstrate rapid intradermal delivery of up to 1.5 ml of formulation using a hollow microneedle delivery device designed for self-application.201120582455
1.5:1 meshed alloderm bolsters for stapled rectal anastomoses does not provide any advantage in anastomotic strength in a porcine model.the most feared complication of colorectal anastomoses is leaks resulting in severe morbidity. the concept of staple-line reinforcement is a growing area of interest. in this study, the authors evaluated the feasibility and effect of using 1.5:1 meshed alloderm to bolster end-to-end stapled rectal anastomoses in a porcine model.201120542954
cutaneous challenge with chemical warfare agents in the skh-1 hairless mouse (ii): effects of some currently used skin decontaminants (rsdl and fuller's earth) against liquid sulphur mustard and vx exposure.using the hairless mouse screening model presented in the companion paper(1) the aim of this study was to assess two skin decontaminating systems: fuller's earth (fe) and reactive skin decontamination lotion (rsdl) against two extremely toxic chemical warfare agents that represent a special percutaneous hazard, sulphur mustard (sm) and o-ethyl-s-(2[di-isopropylamino]ethyl)methyl-phosphonothioate (vx). five minutes after being exposed on the back to either 2 µl of neat sulphur mustard or 50 µg.kg ...201120534641
divergence time estimates of east asian and european pigs based on multiple near complete mitochondrial dna sequences.the time since the divergence of european and east asian domestic pigs and wild boars has been estimated in several phylogenetic analyses, generally based on partial mitochondrial sequences or on a small number of complete mtdna sequences. in the present study, we obtained a refined estimate of this divergence time based on a set of 32 near-complete mtdna sequences from wild and domestic pigs of european and asian types, including 14 new and 18 previously published sequences. a weighted average ...201120477794
Influence of castration-induced sex hormone deficiency on serum lipid levels and the genes expression in male pigs.It has been known that the changes in gonadal steroids are closely associated with adipose tissue metabolism. Domestic pigs have been a well-recognized experimental animal in biomedical research because of their similarity to humans in body size and other physiological/anatomical features. The aims of this study were to investigate the influence of castration-induced sex hormone deficiency on serum lipid levels and the genes expression of key enzymes associated with lipogenic and lipolytic proce ...201121932170
comparative analysis of osseointegration of titanium implants with acid-etched surfaces and different biomolecular coatings.objectives: an increasing trend toward implantation in complex cases, as well as early loading, is beginning to emerge in dental implantology. long-term stability of the inserted implants greatly depends on the osseointegration process. although there are numerous current research efforts aimed at functionalizing implant surfaces, no single factor has proved to be beneficial for osseointegration. the aim of the present study was to investigate whether a combination coating of collagen i and diff ...201121441047
treatment of major vein injury with the hemostatic fleece tachosil by interposing a peritoneal patch to avoid vein thrombosis: a feasibility study in pigs.vein lacerations in awkward locations are difficult to repair and carry high mortality. the hemostatic fleece, tachosil, is effective in preventing intraoperative bleeding in different settings, but has not been recommended for use in large vein injury. tachosil with a peritoneal patch interposed to avoid vein thrombosis has been reported as a method to obtain hemostasis in vein laceration, but further studies of this method are needed.201121633573
[laparoscopic pancreatic resections in experimental setting and clinical practice].pancreatic fistula is a major postoperative complication after pancreatic resection. one of the main risk factors of developing the pancreatic fistula after distal pancreatectomy is the method employed for the management of the pancreatic remnant.201121634100
combining information from surveys of several species to estimate the probability of freedom from echinococcus multilocularis in sweden, finland and mainland norway.the fox tapeworm echinococcus multilocularis has foxes and other canids as definitive host and rodents as intermediate hosts. however, most mammals can be accidental intermediate hosts and the larval stage may cause serious disease in humans. the parasite has never been detected in sweden, finland and mainland norway. all three countries require currently an anthelminthic treatment for dogs and cats prior to entry in order to prevent introduction of the parasite. documentation of freedom from e. ...201121314948
identification of low and high frequency ranges for heart rate variability and blood pressure variability analyses using pharmacological autonomic blockade with atropine and propranolol in swine.understanding autonomic nervous system functioning, which mediates behavioral and physiological responses to stress, offers great potential for assessing farm animal stress and welfare. evaluation of heart rate variability (hrv) and blood pressure variability (bpv), using time and frequency domain analyses may provide a sensitive and reliable measure of affective states and stress-mediated changes in sympathetic and parasympathetic tones. the aim of this research was to define low (lf) and high ...201121281655
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