Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| newborn with suppurative nasal discharge. | 2003 | 14579821 | |
| [bacterial flora in the genital tract the last trimester of pregnancy]. | very widespread in our clinical setting, early-onset sepsis is due to organisms that commonly colonize or infect the maternal genital tract; identifying such organisms would help improve prevention and treatment. | 2003 | 14593302 |
| trichomonas vaginalis among hiv-infected women: are immune status or protease inhibitor use associated with subsequent t. vaginalis positivity? | trichomonas vaginalis (tv) is a common sexually transmitted disease (std) among hiv-infected populations. the relationship between tv and immune status and hiv viral load as affected by protease inhibitor (pi) use has not been well examined. | 2003 | 14603092 |
| assessment of a rapid antigen detection system for trichomonas vaginalis infection. | 2003 | 14607884 | |
| [therapeutic aspects of trichomoniasis]. | trichomoniasis is frequent, parasitic and sexually transmitted infection of genitourinary tract. it is treated by metronidazole (5-nitroimidazole), according to protocol recommended by center for disease control (cdc, formerly called: communicable disease center) [19]. the resistance of trichomonas vaginalis (tv) strains to metronidazole (mnd) was described in usa in 1960, and later on in many european countries [8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13]. in these cases, due to persistent trichomonas infection, it ... | 2003 | 14608880 |
| prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases among pregnant women in ilorin, nigeria. | in a cross-sectional study, 230 pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic of the university of ilorin teaching hospital (uith), ilorin, nigeria from january 2000 to december 2000 were screened randomly to determine the prevalence of common stds among them, using conventional methods. one hundred and fourteen (49.4%) of the subjects harboured various agents including candida spp. (37.8%), trichomonas vaginalis (4.7%), gardnerella vaginalis (3.9%), syphilis (1.7%) and neisseria gonorrhea (1.3% ... | 2003 | 14617466 |
| [is there a correlation between the vaginal colonization with group b streptococci and premature deliveries?]. | the study covered 110 pregnant females during the period from january 1, 2002 till april 30, 2003. nine females (8.18%) delivered premature newborns. samples were taken from the posterior vaginal fornix and canalis cervicalis in the 18th and 24th gestational week. the preparations stained after gram were examined under light microscope. microbial cultures on blood agar were examined, too. it was established that 18 or 16.36% of all the cases presented with cultures positive for group b streptoco ... | 2003 | 14619743 |
| transcription initiation at its most basic level. | the structure of the initiator binding protein from the primitive eukaryote trichomonas vaginalis reveals how a single protein can orchestrate promoter recognition, rna polymerase ii recruitment, and start site selection, and provides an evolutionary link with transcription initiation in higher eukaryotes. | 2003 | 14622590 |
| structural basis of core promoter recognition in a primitive eukaryote. | transcription start site selection in eukaryotes is mediated through combinations of the tata, initiator (inr), and downstream promoter elements (dpe). in trichomonas vaginalis, a parabasalian flagellate thought to represent an ancient eukaryote lineage, the inr appears to be solely responsible for start site selection and is recognized by the initiator binding protein 39 kda (ibp39). ibp39 contains an n-terminal inr binding domain (ibd) connected via a flexible linker to a c-terminal domain (c ... | 2003 | 14622596 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: determination of acid phosphatase activity as a pharmacological screening procedure. | a simple method to screen trichomonacides, based on the quantification of acid phosphatase (ap) activity, has been designed. using p-nitrophenyl phosphate as chromogenic substrate, we first determined the optimal conditions for enzyme reaction. after seeding, a linear correlation between number of trichomonads and optical densities at 405 nm was obtained at 24 hr but not at 48 hr. then, the inhibitory effect of metronidazole was assessed both by microscope counts and by ap determination. similar ... | 2003 | 14627165 |
| [detection of trichomonas vaginalis with direct immunofluorescence assay]. | to detect trichomonas vaginalis (tv) by direct immunofluorescence assay (dfa) and discuss its clinical significance. | 2003 | 14628381 |
| signs of infection in pap smears and risk of adverse pregnancy outcome. | previous studies on whether signs of infection in pap smears imply a risk factor for preterm delivery are conflicting. in a large population-based study, we combined information from the swedish medical birth register and the swedish pap smear screening register to investigate whether signs of infection in pap smears increase the risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes. logistic regression analyses were used to estimate odds ratios (or) for antepartum death, preterm or small-for-gestational-age deli ... | 2003 | 14629315 |
| antiparasitic activity of highly conjugated pyrimidine-2,4-dione derivatives. | 4-[2-(1,3-dimethyl-5-nitro-2,6-dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-4-yl)vinyl]benzaldehyde was synthesized in four steps from 6-methyl-1h,3h-pyrimidine-2,4-dione. this aldehyde was functionalized by various substituted anilines or substituted benzylamines. antiparasitic activities of the corresponding azomethines were assessed against plasmodium falciparum, trichomonas vaginalis and leishmania infantum compared to their toxicity versus human cells. | 2003 | 14630237 |
| reactivity of reduced [2fe-2s] ferredoxins parallels host susceptibility to nitroimidazoles. | the kinetics of the electron transfer reaction between reduced [2fe-2s] ferredoxins and select nitroimidazole antimicrobial agents is reported. the ferredoxins from the protozoan trichomonas vaginalis and the cyanobacterium anabaena sp. strain 7120 were studied because they are the proximal electron donors to nitroimidazoles in these two organisms with significantly different nitroimidazole susceptibilities. the rates of electron transfer from anabaena ferredoxin to all nitroimidazoles were 1 to ... | 2003 | 12499206 |
| influence of hiv-1 coinfection on effective management of abnormal vaginal discharge. | reports on microbiologic cure rates following syndromic management (sm) of women with nonulcerative sexually transmitted infections (stis) are limited. | 2003 | 12514433 |
| validation of a urine-based pcr-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for use in clinical research settings to detect trichomonas vaginalis in men. | trichomonas vaginalis infection is highly prevalent worldwide and is associated with urethritis, prostatitis, and urethral strictures in men. however, the natural history and importance of t. vaginalis in men are poorly understood, in part because of difficulties in diagnosing infection. traditional detection methods rely on culture and wet-mount microscopy, which can be insensitive and time consuming. urethral swabs are commonly used to detect t. vaginalis in men, but discomfort from specimen c ... | 2003 | 12517867 |
| cytogenetic evaluation of two nitroimidazole derivatives. | 5-nitroimidazoles are a well-established group of antiprotozoal and antibacterial agents. thanks to their antimicrobial activity these chemotherapeutic agents inhibit the growth of both anaerobic bacteria and certain anaerobic protozoa such as trichomonas vaginalis, entamoeba histolytica and giardia lamblia. the aim of the present study is to achieve a precise characterization of the genotoxic activity of these compounds and to establish the value of cytogenetic assays in order to determine the ... | 2003 | 12537960 |
| prostate biopsy culture findings of men with chronic pelvic pain syndrome do not differ from those of healthy controls. | previous reports have identified bacteria in the prostate of men with chronic pelvic pain syndrome. to examine whether prostatic bacteria are more prevalent among patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome than among those without pelvic pain, we compared 4-glass urine test and prostate biopsy results. | 2003 | 12544312 |
| urinary tract infection with trichomonas vaginalis in a premature newborn infant and the development of chronic lung disease. | we report a case of a low-birth-weight infant with an infection of the urinary tract with trichomonas vaginalis, who later developed cystic chronic lung disease suggestive of wilson-mikity syndrome. although she had mild respiratory distress syndrome at birth, the extent of the chronic lung disease was out of proportion to the initial illness. we speculate that maternal infection with this organism may have resulted in an inflammatory response that led to its development. | 2003 | 12556929 |
| effect of treatment for chlamydia trachomatis during pregnancy. | to screen and treat chlamydial infection in pregnant women in order to assess the effects of therapeutic intervention on the outcome of chlamydia trachomatis-infected pregnancy. | 2003 | 12566185 |
| the alpha-actinin gene family: a revised classification. | the sequencing of a genome is the first stage of its complete characterization. subsequent work seeks to utilize available sequence data to gain a better understanding of the genes which are found within a genome. gene families comprise large portions of the genomes of higher vertebrates, and the available genomic data allow for a reappraisal of gene family evolution. this reappraisal will clarify relatedness within and between gene families. one such family, the alpha-actinin gene family, is pa ... | 2003 | 12569417 |
| iron and contact with host cells induce expression of adhesins on surface of trichomonas vaginalis. | the proteins ap65, ap51, ap33 and ap23 synthesized by trichomonas vaginalis organisms in high iron play a role in adherence. multigene families encode enzymes of the hydrogenosome organelles, which have identity to adhesins. this fact raises questions regarding the compartmentalization of the proteins outside the organelle and about the interactions of adhesins with host cells. data here demonstrate the presence of the proteins outside the organelle under high-iron conditions. fluorescence and i ... | 2003 | 12603729 |
| infrequent parental monitoring predicts sexually transmitted infections among low-income african american female adolescents. | to prospectively determine (using an 18-month follow-up period) the association between african american female adolescents' perceptions of parental monitoring and their acquisition of biologically confirmed infection with chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, and trichomonas vaginalis. | 2003 | 12580687 |
| 'shelf life' of trichomonas vaginalis. | the diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis (tv) infection in women may be made by observing motile trichomonads in wet-mount preparations of vaginal discharge. the duration for which these organisms can be identified in such samples is unknown. we sought to assess this by performing wet-mount microscopy on samples from female patients immediately, and then in positive samples, every 10 minutes until motile trichomonads could no longer be identified. of the 65 wet-mount specimens positive for tv, a c ... | 2003 | 12590789 |
| accuracy of detection of trichomonas vaginalis organisms on a liquid-based papanicolaou smear. | the study was undertaken to determine the accuracy of the liquid-based papanicolaou (pap) smear in the detection of trichomonas vaginalis organisms in women. | 2003 | 12592239 |
| agents of non-gonococcal urethritis in males attending an israeli clinic for sexually transmitted diseases. | non-gonococcal urethritis is the most common clinical diagnosis in men seeking care at clinics for sexually transmitted diseases. | 2003 | 12592953 |
| a family history of deoxyribonuclease ii: surprises from trichinella spiralis and burkholderia pseudomallei. | deoxyribonuclease iialpha (dnase iialpha) is an acidic endonuclease found in lysosomes and nuclei, and it is also secreted. though its caenorhabditis elegans homolog, nuc-1, is required for digesting dna of apoptotic cell corpses and dietary dna, it is not required for viability. however, dnase iialpha is required in mice for correct development and viability, because undigested cell corpses lead to lesions throughout the body. recently, we showed that, in contrast to previous reports, active dn ... | 2003 | 12594037 |
| tetracycline-inducible gene expression in trichomonas vaginalis. | transient and stable gene delivery systems are available for trichomonas vaginalis, however, they do not allow regulated expression of target genes. to study essential genes or proteins that are toxic to the cells when over expressed, we have developed an inducible/repressible gene expression system in this parasite, which is driven by the tet-operator (teto) and regulated tetracycline-responsive tet repressor (tetr). inducible chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (cat) gene expression is observed ... | 2003 | 12706795 |
| antitrichomonas in vitro activity of cussonia holstii engl. | cussonia holstii is a traditional medicinal plant used in kenya, which has not been studied chemically up-to-date. upon biological screening, a substantial antitrichomonas activity was found in the dichloromethane extract of the bark of cussonia holstii. a detailed chromatographic study using centrifugal partition chromatography revealed that a pentacyclic triterpenoid, i.e., hederagenin, is the antitrichomonas constituent of the plant with a ic50 of 2.8 microm. | 2003 | 12713125 |
| identification of trichomonas vaginalis in papanicolaou smears by fluorescence microscopy. | 2003 | 12713485 | |
| geographical variations in the prevalence of hiv and other sexually transmitted infections in rural tanzania. | the prevalence and incidence of hiv and other sexually transmitted infections (stis) were recorded in two lake-island and eight rural mainland communities in mwanza, tanzania. the prevalence and incidence of hiv and syphilis were lower on the islands, but this pattern was not seen for herpes simplex virus type-2, gonorrhoea, chlamydia, male urethritis or antenatal prevalences of trichomonas vaginalis. island men reported fewer sexual partners than mainland men but no differences were found for w ... | 2003 | 12716499 |
| evaluation of an igg cystatin capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of anti-cysteine proteinase antibodies in asymptomatic trichomoniasis patients. | all isolates of t. vaginalis release cysteine proteinases proteolytic enzymes that are shed into the vagina or culture medium. cystatin has been used successfully as a capture agent in elisa to detect cysteine proteinase antibodies without the need for purified proteinases. the elisa was evaluated in comparison to wet mount microscopy and culture techniques. igg cystatin capture elisa proved to be a sensitive and highly specific (100%) assay that could rapidly detect anti-cysteine proteinase ant ... | 2003 | 12739802 |
| perspective of a new diagnostic for human trichomonosis. | several diagnostic techniques have been employed for the detection of trichomonas vaginalis. microtubules constitute the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells and are sensitive to antimitotic drugs, such as taxol (paclitaxel). we used flutax a fluorescent taxoid - to analyze the microtubule distribution in living trophozoites of t. vaginalis in urine and in vaginal discharge. a high intensity of fluorescence was observed in living t. vaginalis, epithelial cells and leukocytes present in urine and vag ... | 2003 | 12764446 |
| trichomonas vaginalis hmp35, a putative pore-forming hydrogenosomal membrane protein, can form a complex in yeast mitochondria. | an abundant integral membrane protein, hmp35, has been isolated from hydrogenosomes of trichomonas vaginalis. this protein has no known homologue and exists as a stable 300-kda complex, termed hmp35, in membranes of the hydrogenosome. by using blue native gel electrophoresis, we found the hmp35 complex to be stable in 2 m nacl and up to 5 m urea. the endogenous hmp35 protein was largely protease-resistant. the protein has a predominantly beta-sheet structure and predicted transmembrane domains t ... | 2003 | 12766161 |
| value of consistent condom use: a study of sexually transmitted disease prevention among african american adolescent females. | 2003 | 12773349 | |
| addition of treatment for trichomoniasis to syndromic management of urethritis in malawi: a randomized clinical trial. | male urethritis is generally treated syndromically, but failure of empirical treatment is common. | 2003 | 12782954 |
| should we offer antibiotic prophylaxis post sexual assault? | our objective was to assess whether antibiotic prophylaxis should be offered to women post sexual assault by considering acceptability of prophylaxis, follow up attendance rates and the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (stis) in these women. retrospective case notes review of female survivors of rape or sexual assault attending the rose clinic, ambrose king centre, royal london hospital between 1 january 1997 and 31 may 1999 was carried out. the following selection criteria were app ... | 2003 | 12662387 |
| modulation by polypodium leucotomos extract of cytokine patterns in experimental trichomoniasis model. | the immunomodulating effects of anapsos, an aqueous hydrosoluble extract obtained from the rhizomes of the fern polypodium leucotomos, on both pathogenicity and cytokine levels in serum (ifn-gamma/il-4) were assayed in a trichomonas vaginalis experimental model (balb/c mice infected with 10(7) trichomonads and examined at day 15 after infection). doses of 20 mg/kg/day administered for 10 days before the infection with the parasite induced a decrease of the experimental pathogenicity approximatel ... | 2003 | 12669353 |
| molecular biology of the amitochondriate parasites, giardia intestinalis, entamoeba histolytica and trichomonas vaginalis. | the amitochondriates are an assembly of unicellular protists that lack mitochondria, and often other typical eukaryotic organelles, such as peroxisomes. relatively little research has been conducted on amitochondriates, even though marine waters are likely to be teeming with such organisms, representing yet unknown protist lineages. the three amitochondriates that have been studied in any detail are the three mucosal human parasites: giardia, trichomonas and entamoeba. these pathogens have world ... | 2003 | 12670510 |
| assessment of the validity of and adherence to sexually transmitted infection algorithms at a female sex worker clinic in abidjan, côte d'ivoire. | algorithms for sexually transmitted infection (sti) case management were designed in a female sex worker (fsw) clinic in abidjan, côte d'ivoire, in 1993. | 2003 | 12671546 |
| adenosine is the primary precursor of all purine nucleotides in trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis, a parasitic protozoan and the causative agent of trichomoniasis, lacks de novo purine nucleotide synthesis and possesses a unique purine salvage pathway, consisting of a bacterial type purine nucleoside phosphorylase and a purine nucleoside kinase. it is generally believed that adenine and guanine are converted to their corresponding nucleosides and then further phosphorylated to form amp and gmp, respectively, as the main as well as the essential pathway of replenishing t ... | 2003 | 12672523 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: in vitro attachment and internalization of hiv-1 and hiv-1-infected lymphocytes. | sexually transmitted diseases (stds) caused by bacteria and protozoa play an important role in the epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) infection. human trichomoniasis, produced by the protozoan parasite trichomonas vaginalis, is one of the most common stds, and is a cause of mucosal lesions in the urogenital tract, which may increase the risk for hiv infection. however, there are no reports concerning the outcome of in vitro interactions between hiv particles and trichomonads. t ... | 2003 | 12674478 |
| in vitro metronidazole and tinidazole activities against metronidazole-resistant strains of trichomonas vaginalis. | the in vitro activities of tinidazole and metronidazole against trichomonas vaginalis isolates clinically resistant to metronidazole were compared. minimal lethal concentrations (mlcs) of tinidazole were significantly lower than mlcs of metronidazole. increased metronidazole resistance correlated with increased tinidazole resistance. these data support a role for tinidazole in the treatment of trichomoniasis. | 2003 | 12654679 |
| is bacterial vaginosis associated with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia? | previous research has produced conflicting results regarding the association of bacterial vaginosis (bv) and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin). these studies have been weakened in their conclusions mainly by failure to adequately control for the presence of sexually transmitted infections (stis). one proposed mechanism suggesting that carcinogenic nitrosamines acting either independently or via human papilloma virus (hpv) has not been fully tested previously. we undertook a prospective, c ... | 2003 | 12657117 |
| morphogenesis during division and griseofulvin-induced changes of the microtubular cytoskeleton in the parasitic protist, trichomonas vaginalis. | the behavior of microtubular structures during division was followed by immunofluorescence in trichomonas vaginalis using an anti-alpha-tubulin monoclonal antibody together with nuclear staining by dapi, allowing us to describe successive mitotic stages. in contrast to recent reports, we showed that: (1) the microtubular axostyle-pelta complex depolymerized during division, (2) the flagella were assembled during mitosis, and (3) the flagellar number was restored in each daughter kinetid before c ... | 2003 | 12658461 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: identification of a phospholipase a-dependent hemolytic activity in a vesicular subcellular fraction. | trichomonad total extracts (tte), or vesicular (p30) and soluble (530) subcellular fractions from 3 pathogenic trichomonas vaginalis strains (gt-3. gt-13. and gt-15), lysed both human and sprague-dawley rat erythrocytes in a time- and dose-dependent manner. the entire hemolytic activity of tte was located in p30, showing 2 peaks of maximum activity, one at ph 6.0 and another at ph 8.0. in the presence of 1 mm ca2+. hemolytic activity on rat erythrocytes was greater at ph 6.0 16.71 +/- 0.33 hemol ... | 2003 | 12659311 |
| biochemical and genetic evidence for a family of heterotrimeric g-proteins in trichomonas vaginalis. | we have cloned a single copy gene from the human parasite trichomonas vaginalis that encodes a putative protein of 402 amino acids with approximately 35% sequence identity to known alpha subunits of heterotrimeric g-proteins. it contains the characteristic gtp binding domains g-1 to g-5 with the key residues conserved. the new sequence has an unusual n-terminal extension of approximately 70 residues that cannot be aligned to reference g-proteins and which is characterised by proline-rich repeats ... | 2003 | 12850262 |
| assessing functional divergence in ef-1alpha and its paralogs in eukaryotes and archaebacteria. | a number of methods have recently been published that use phylogenetic information extracted from large multiple sequence alignments to detect sites that have changed properties in related protein families. in this study we use such methods to assess functional divergence between eukaryotic ef-1alpha (eef-1alpha), archaebacterial ef-1alpha (aef-1alpha) and two eukaryote-specific ef-1alpha paralogs-eukaryotic release factor 3 (erf3) and hsp70 subfamily b suppressor 1 (hbs1). overall, the evolutio ... | 2003 | 12853641 |
| [solcotrichovac--an original concept without antibiotics]. | 2003 | 12858502 | |
| high rates of trichomonas vaginalis among men attending a sexually transmitted diseases clinic: implications for screening and urethritis management. | trichomonas is a cause of nongonococcal urethritis (ngu); however, studies of its prevalence in men have been hampered by the lack of sensitive diagnostics. dna amplification allows for reappraisal of the extent of infection in men. men attending a sexually transmitted diseases clinic were tested for trichomonas, chlamydia, and gonorrhea. the prevalence of these pathogens was 17%, 19.6%, and 17.7% respectively. in men with ngu, 19.9% were infected with trichomonas. these data have implications f ... | 2003 | 12870131 |
| [isoenzyme analysis on different isolates of trichomonas vaginalis]. | to study the biological types on the seven isolates of trichomonas vaginalis from beijing, hebei-tangshan, hebei-chengde and jiangxi-jiujiang in the mainland of china. | 2003 | 12884623 |
| interventions for treating trichomoniasis in women. | around 120 million women worldwide suffer from trichomonas vaginalis vaginitis every year. the infection is sexually transmitted and is believed to facilitate hiv transmission. | 2003 | 12804391 |
| is there a seasonal difference in the detection of trichomonas vaginalis by cervical cytology? | this objective of our study was to determine the prevalence of a trichomonas vaginalis diagnosis in routine papanicolaou smears and whether it is seasonal. we reviewed the diagnosis rendered for 93,681 papanicolaou smears evaluated at a medical school hospital laboratory between 1992 and 1997. the occurrence of a diagnosis of t. vaginalis was analyzed by year, by quarter, and by month using a generalized linear regression model. the prevalence of a t. vaginalis diagnosis during the 6-year study ... | 2003 | 12806119 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: evaluating capsid proteins of dsrna viruses and the dsrna virus within patients attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic. | some isolates of trichomonas vaginalis, the number one, non-viral sexually transmitted disease agent, are infected with one or several distinct double stranded (ds)-rna virus. immune rabbit anti-capsid serum (irs) reacted with the capsid protein of purified dsrna virus of a subset of the virus-infected t. vaginalis isolates. a monoclonal antibody (mab) that recognized the capsid protein reactive with the irs was generated. analysis of the virus capsid protein of virus-infected isolates by probin ... | 2003 | 12810045 |
| double stranded rna virus in south african trichomonas vaginalis isolates. | to screen trichomonas vaginalis isolates from south africa for the presence of a small double stranded rna virus designated t vaginalis virus (tvv). | 2003 | 12835302 |
| antibacterial activity of artocarpus heterophyllus. | the crude methanolic extracts of the stem and root barks, stem and root heart-wood, leaves, fruits and seeds of artocarpus heterophyllus and their subsequent partitioning with petrol, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and butanol gave fractions that exhibited a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. the butanol fractions of the root bark and fruits were found to be the most active. none of the fractions were active against the fungi tested. | 2003 | 12837372 |
| in vitro susceptibility of trichomonas vaginalis to at-specific minor groove binding drugs. | trichomoniasis is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases, with around 120 million world-wide suffering from trichomonas vaginalis-induced vaginitis every year. although trichomoniasis can be treated with metronidazole, the prevalence of metronidazole-resistant t. vaginalis seems to be increasing. since the percentage of at base pairs in t. vaginalis dna (71%) is very much higher than in human cells, in this study a series of bisquaternary quinolinium salt compounds with high at-bin ... | 2003 | 12837730 |
| use of urine polymerase chain reaction to define the prevalence and clinical presentation of trichomonas vaginalis in men attending an std clinic. | to determine the prevalence and clinical features of trichomonas vaginalis (tv) infection in men. | 2003 | 12690140 |
| trichomoniasis: what's new? | trichomonas vaginalis is the most common nonviral sexually transmitted disease in the world. recent research has elucidated several virulence factors that allow t. vaginalis to adhere to extracellular host proteins and evade the host immune system. further investigation is needed to determine the mechanisms responsible for the perinatal morbidity associated with trichomoniasis and to evaluate the interactions between trichomoniasis and hiv infection. an effort to decrease t. vaginalis associated ... | 2003 | 12641999 |
| sexual behavior of hiv discordant couples after hiv counseling and testing. | sexual behavior following voluntary hiv counseling and testing (vct) is described in 963 cohabiting heterosexual couples with one hiv positive and one hiv negative partner ('discordant couples'). biological markers were used to assess the validity of self-report. | 2003 | 12646797 |
| should family planning clinics provide clinical services for sexually transmitted infections? a case study from côte d'ivoire. | to evaluate the quality and usefulness of integrated sexually transmitted infection (sti) care at non-governmental family planning (fp) clinics in côte d'ivoire. | 2003 | 12791061 |
| pulmonary coinfection by trichomonas vaginalis and pneumocystis sp. as a novel manifestation of aids. | a 41-year-old man was hospitalized, presenting increasing dyspnea and extensive ground-glass opacities on chest x-ray. infection by human immunodeficiency virus was confirmed. cytologic examination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid revealed numerous trichomonads and aggregates of pneumocystis sp. treatment was followed by rapid improvement of respiratory symptoms and chest x-ray. the trichomonad species found in the lungs was identified as trichomonas vaginalis by small-subunit rrna gene amplifica ... | 2003 | 12792927 |
| late recurrence of resistant trichomonas vaginalis vaginitis: relapse or re-infection? | distinguishing between re-infection and relapse of trichomonas infections is often a difficult task in the clinical setting. the chronicity of trichomonas infections and the ongoing sexual activity are two confounding factors. we present a patient with recurrent resistant vaginal trichomoniasis shortly following a sexual contact with an untreated partner after a complete response to treatment with tinidazole for nine months. we hypothesise that re-infection occurred from the asymptomatic partner ... | 2003 | 12794219 |
| was the papanicolaou smear responsible for the decline of trichomonas vaginalis? | 2003 | 12794224 | |
| prevalence of lower genital tract infection among women attending maternal and child health and family planning clinics in hanoi, vietnam. | to determine the prevalence of lower genital tract infection (lgti) with candida spp, trichomonas vaginalis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, and bacterial vaginosis among symptomatic and asymptomatic women attending maternal and child health and family planning (mch/fp) clinics in hanoi, vietnam. a multi-centered, cross-sectional descriptive study stratified by reported symptoms of vaginal discharge was carried out in three mch/fp clinics among 1,000 women aged 18-44 years in 1998. ... | 2003 | 12971565 |
| sexually transmitted infections among female sex workers in kupang, indonesia: searching for a screening algorithm to detect cervical gonococcal and chlamydial infections. | notifications of hiv infection in indonesia are increasing, but there are few data on other sexually transmitted infections (stis), especially in the eastern islands of indonesia. we aimed to measure the prevalence of stis among female sex workers (fsws) in kupang, west timor, and to develop screening algorithms to detect cervical infections with neisseria gonorrhoeae and/or chlamydia trachomatis (ng/ct). | 2003 | 12972788 |
| a comparative evaluation of the papanicolaou test for the diagnosis of trichomoniasis. | trichomoniasis is the most prevalent nonviral sexually transmitted disease in humans worldwide. in addition to its pathologic implications, trichomoniasis is a risk factor for the transmission of the hiv and is associated with reproductive complications in females. diagnosis of the disease is problematic due to inadequate accuracy of current diagnostic methods. recently developed dna-based techniques for detection of trichomonas vaginalis seem to be promising alternatives. | 2003 | 12972792 |
| drug resistance in the sexually transmitted protozoan trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomoniasis is the most common, sexually transmitted infection. it is caused by the flagellated protozoan parasite trichomonas vaginalis. symptoms include vaginitis and infections have been associated with preterm delivery, low birth weight and increased infant mortality, as well as predisposing to hiv/aids and cervical cancer. trichomoniasis has the highest prevalence and incidence of any sexually transmitted infection. the 5-nitroimidazole drugs, of which metronidazole is the most prescribe ... | 2003 | 12974614 |
| osmoregulation in the parasitic protozoan tritrichomonas foetus. | tritrichomonas foetus was shown to undergo a regulatory volume increase (rvi) when it was subjected to hyperosmotic challenge, but there was no regulatory volume decrease after hypoosmotic challenge, as determined by using both light-scattering methods and measurement of intracellular water space to monitor cell volume. an investigation of t. foetus intracellular amino acids revealed a pool size (65 mm) that was similar to that of trichomonas vaginalis but was considerably smaller than those of ... | 2003 | 12902238 |
| trichomonas vaginalis orchitis with associated severe oligoasthenoteratospermia and hypogonadism. | 2003 | 12913736 | |
| identification and characterization of two isoenzymes of methionine gamma-lyase from entamoeba histolytica: a key enzyme of sulfur-amino acid degradation in an anaerobic parasitic protist that lacks forward and reverse trans-sulfuration pathways. | to better understand the metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids, which likely plays a key role in a variety of cell functions, in entamoeba histolytica, we searched the genome data base for genes encoding putative orthologs of enzymes known to be involved in the metabolism. the search revealed that e. histolytica possesses only incomplete cysteine-methionine conversion pathways in both directions. instead, this parasite possesses genes encoding two isoenzymes of methionine gamma-lyase (ec 4 ... | 2003 | 12920135 |
| detection of trichomonas vaginalis by combined a6p and p65 sequences using pcr amplification from papanicolaou-stained smears. | 2003 | 12920769 | |
| [survival of trichomonas vaginalis in the environmental media]. | the survival of trichomonas vaginalis outside of the body and from culture media was evaluated under environmental conditions using adsorbent (towels) and non adsorbent (plastic wells) surfaces. after 120 min of exposition under external conditions recovery of parasites from clinical samples showed viable protozoa onto adsorbent and non adsorbent surfaces (5.1% and 30.5%, respectively), as well as for parasites harvested from culture media and assayed onto both surfaces (77.2% and 81.8%, respect ... | 2003 | 12920996 |
| calcium regulation in protozoan parasites. | the calcium ion (ca(2+)) is used as a major signaling molecule in a diverse range of eukaryotic cells including several human parasitic protozoa, such as trypanosoma cruzi, trypanosoma brucei, leishmania spp, plasmodium spp, toxoplasma gondii, cryptosporidium parvum, entamoeba histolytica, giardia lamblia and trichomonas vaginalis. ca(2+) is critical for invasion of intracellular parasites, and its cytosolic concentration is regulated by the concerted operation of several transporters present in ... | 2003 | 12941405 |
| trichomonas vaginalis initiator binding protein, ibp39, contains a novel dna binding motif. | 2003 | 12946857 | |
| review of cytologic criteria of bacterial vaginosis: examination of 2,841 papanicolaou-stained vaginal smears. | to review the cytologic criteria used in the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis cases [bv (+)], 2,841 papanicolaou-stained vaginal smears were examined cytologically. clue cells and other cytologic findings were observed in 94 of 2,841 (3.30%) vaginal smears. to detect bv(+) cases, 94 vaginal smears were screened again. clue cells, profuse free cocci among cornified type epithelial cells, absence of pmnls, and vaginal lactobacilli were detected in 43 of 94 (45.74%). the observation of free cocci w ... | 2003 | 12951684 |
| loa loa presenting in a thinprep pap test: case report and review of parasites in cervicovaginal cytology specimens. | parasites other than trichomonas vaginalis may occasionally present in pap tests obtained during gynecologic examination. we present a case of loa loa found on a pap test from an apparently healthy 19-yr-old woman who had immigrated to the us at the age of 15 from cameroon. we discuss the cytologic features from this case and then briefly review loa loa and the presence of parasites in pap tests and other cervicovaginal specimens. | 2003 | 12951687 |
| comparing first-void urine specimens, self-collected vaginal swabs, and endocervical specimens to detect chlamydia trachomatis and neisseria gonorrhoeae by a nucleic acid amplification test. | we set out to determine the prevalences of chlamydia trachomatis and neisseria gonorrhoeae by ligase chain reaction as well as to determine the prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis by culture in a large and diverse national sample of non-health-care-seeking young women entering the military; we also sought to compare the abilities of three different techniques of collecting specimens (first-void urine, self-collected vaginal swab, and clinician-collected endocervical swab) to identify a positive ... | 2003 | 12958275 |
| prevalence of selected reproductive tract infections among pregnant women attending an urban maternal and childcare unit in dhaka, bangladesh. | a cross-sectional study was conducted during may-december 2000 among pregnant women attending an urban maternal and childcare-delivery unit in dhaka, bangladesh, to assess the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis, trichomonas vaginalis, and syphilis. all pregnant women at 16-24 weeks gestation attending the clinic for antenatal check-up irrespective of symptoms were enrolled. sociodemographic information and obstetric history were obtained from each enrolled subject. high vaginal swabs and serum sa ... | 2003 | 13677438 |
| the amitochondriate eukaryote trichomonas vaginalis contains a divergent thioredoxin-linked peroxiredoxin antioxidant system. | trichomonas is an amitochondriate parasitic protozoon specialized for an anaerobic lifestyle. nevertheless, it is exposed to oxygen and is able to cope with the resultant oxidative stress. in the absence of glutathione, cysteine has been thought to be the major antioxidant. we now report that the parasite contains thioredoxin reductase, which functions together with thioredoxin and thioredoxin peroxidase to detoxify potentially damaging oxidants. thioredoxin reductase and thioredoxin also reduce ... | 2004 | 14630923 |
| immunoblot analysis of trichomonas vaginalis antigens recognized by rabbit hyperimmune serum raised against exoantignes. | the sds-page and immunoblot were used to identify trichomonas vaginalis antigenic epitopes present in purified somatic and exo-antigens. the presence of common immunogenic proteins corresponding to molecular weights of 76, 60 and 23 kda was revealed. distinctive immunogenic bands of 92, 72, 55 and 40 kda for the exo-antigens, and of 110, 80, 78 and 50 kda for the somatic antigens, appeared when the antigens were probed by the homologous immune rabbit serum. | 2004 | 14598168 |
| trichomoniasis: under control or undercontrolled? | aside from human papillomavirus, trichomoniasis is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the united states today, yet it has long been regarded as a sexually transmitted infection of minor importance. medical opinion has traditionally held that it plays little role in health complications in women, and it is rarely seen in men. however, evidence has recently accumulated implicating trichomonas vaginalis as a contributor to a variety of adverse outcomes among both sexes. among both wo ... | 2004 | 14749674 |
| a new method for extended trichomonad storage. | 2004 | 14755043 | |
| synthesis, and antiprotozoal and antibacterial activities of s-substituted 4,6-dibromo- and 4,6-dichloro-2-mercaptobenzimidazoles. | the synthesis and some germicidal activities in vitro of two congener series of s-substituted 4,6-dihalogeno-2-mercapto-1h-benzimidazoles are reported. there was no substantial difference between antibacterial activities of corresponding 4,6-dichloro- and 4,6-dibromo-derivatives. the present results confirm lower susceptibility to substituted benzimidazoles of gram-negative compared to gram-positive bacteria. minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of a majority of the novel derivatives ranged ... | 2004 | 14757505 |
| epidemiology and etiology of sexually transmitted infection among hotel-based sex workers in dhaka, bangladesh. | the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (stis) and reproductive tract infections (rtis) among hotel-based sex workers (hbsws) in dhaka, bangladesh, was studied. a total of 400 hbsws were enrolled in the study during april to july 2002. endocervical swabs, high vaginal swabs, and blood samples from 400 hbsws were examined for neisseria gonorrhoeae (by culture), chlamydia trachomatis (by pcr), trichomonas vaginalis (by microscopy), antibody to treponema pallidum (by both rapid plasma rea ... | 2004 | 14766825 |
| targeted gene replacement of a ferredoxin gene in trichomonas vaginalis does not lead to metronidazole resistance. | ferredoxin, fd, is often deficient in metronidazole-resistant strains of trichomonas vaginalis and is thought to be necessary for drug activation. to directly test whether fd is essential for metronidazole susceptibility, gene replacement technology has been developed for t. vaginalis. the selectable marker gene neomycin phosphotransferase (neo) flanked by approximately 2.6 and approximately 2.0 kbp of the fd 5' and 3' flanking regions (pko-fd-neo) was introduced into cells on linear dna and sel ... | 2004 | 14651615 |
| toxicogenetic evaluation of metronidazole in the treatment of women infected with trichomonas vaginalis. | samples of peripheral blood were collected once from non-smoking women who were healthy (controls) and twice (immediately before and immediately after 7 days of treatment with metronidazole at 500 mg/day) from non-smoking women infected with trichomonas vaginalis. lymphocyte cultures were prepared and used, in toxicogenetic studies, to determine the frequency of sister-chromatid exchange (sce), the mitotic index (mi), and the replication index (ri) for each sample. mtz treatment of the infected ... | 2004 | 15035724 |
| 4-aryl(benzyl)amino-4-heteroarylbut-1-enes as building blocks in heterocyclic synthesis. 4. synthesis of 4, 6-dimethyl-5-nitro(amino)-2-pyridylquinolines and their antiparasitic activities. | new nitro- and aminoquinoline derivatives containing a pyridyl nucleus were synthesized from 6, 8-disubstituted 4-methyl-2-pyridylquinolines, which were prepared from n-pyridylmethylidenanilines. the anti-chagasic and trichomonacidal in vitro activity, as well as the cytotoxic properties towards macrophages of some of these compounds were evaluated. although some of the compounds showed only moderate activity it was possible to establish some structure-activity relationships. | 2004 | 15038056 |
| prevalence of hiv among women with vaginal discharge in a gynecological clinic. | vaginal discharge is a common complaint among women with sexually transmitted diseases (stds) in nigeria. given the association between stds and hiv and the alarming rise in the prevalence of hiv in nigeria, we performed this study to determine the prevalence of hiv in patients with vaginal discharge. | 2004 | 15040519 |
| cytologic features of squamous cell carcinoma in thinprep slides: evaluation of cases that performed poorly versus those that performed well in the college of american pathologists interlaboratory comparison program in cervicovaginal cytology. | although the cytologic features of squamous cell carcinoma in thinprep specimens are well known, whether these features are different in cases that are easily identified than in cases that are more difficult to identify is not known. | 2004 | 15043450 |
| ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies on trichomonas vaginalis adhering to and phagocytizing genitourinary epithelial cells. | trichomonas vaginalis (t. vaginalis) belongs to a common sexually transmitted disease pathogen causing genitourinary trichomoniasis in both sexes. we investigated the pathogenetic mechanism of genitourinary trichomoniasis. | 2004 | 15043777 |
| heme-iron increases levels of ap65-mediated adherence by trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis is a protozoan responsible for the number one, non-viral sexually transmitted disease. surface proteins (ap65, ap51, ap33 and ap23) mediate adherence to vaginal epithelial cells (vecs). iron increases growth of trichomonads and synthesis and surface placement of adhesins. we observed by immunofluorescence using monoclonal antibody (mab) 12g4 the placement of ap65 on surfaces of trichomonads supplemented with hemoglobin or hemin as a source of iron. we, therefore, tested the ... | 2004 | 15043861 |
| trichomoniasis: clinical manifestations, diagnosis and management. | trichomonas vaginalis was originally considered a commensal organism until the 1950s when the understanding of its role as a sexually transmitted infection (sti) began to evolve. trichomoniasis has been associated with vaginitis, cervicitis, urethritis, pelvic inflammatory disease (pid), and adverse birth outcomes. infection with t vaginalis could have an important role in transmission and acquisition of hiv. t vaginalis is site specific for the genitourinary tract and has been isolated from vir ... | 2004 | 15054166 |
| prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and mental health needs of female child and adolescent survivors of rape and sexual assault attending a specialist clinic. | to determine the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (stis) and the mental health needs of female child and adolescent survivors of rape and sexual assault who were referred to a specialist genitourinary medicine (gum) clinic. | 2004 | 15054179 |
| how useful are high vaginal swabs in general practice? results of a multicentre study. | vulvovaginal symptoms are a common reason for consultation with a general practitioner (gp). high vaginal swabs (hvs) are used to investigate symptoms, but their usefulness is poorly evaluated and microbiological tests performed vary between laboratories. in this multicentre study of 797 women with genital symptoms attending gps, diagnostic yield of hvs was poor except for candida spp. (22%). there is an urgent need to establish the most cost-effective approach for the management of these women. | 2004 | 15075016 |
| symptomatic trichomoniasis, metronidazole allergic and pregnant--a management dilemma. | a case of persistent trichomonas vaginalis (tv) in a pregnant, metronidazole-allergic woman is described. this case posed a management dilemma as untreated tv has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes but antibiotic desensitization is potentially dangerous during pregnancy. | 2004 | 15075025 |
| probable horizontal transfer of a gene between a protist and a cnidarian. | 2004 | 15084296 | |
| trichomonas vaginalis infection activates cells through toll-like receptor 4. | while trichomonas vaginalis infection can cause inflammation and influx of leukocytes into the female genital tract, the molecular pathways important in inducing these effects are not known. this study determined if infection with t. vaginalis activates cells through toll-like receptor 4 (tlr4). genital tract secretions from infected women stimulated tnf-alpha production by cells with functional tlr4 (350 pg/ml) but significantly less by cells that are unresponsive to tlr4 ligands (44 pg/ml, p = ... | 2004 | 15093558 |
| a descriptive analysis of std prevalence among urban pregnant african-american teens: data from a pilot study. | to assess the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (stds) among a sample of african-american adolescent females at the time of their first prenatal visit and to assess key characteristics of those testing positive for sexually transmitted diseases. the study also determined differences in these characteristics between adolescents who were and those who were not diagnosed with an std. | 2004 | 15093791 |
| novel antiprotozoal products: imidazole and benzimidazole n-oxide derivatives and related compounds. | the syntheses and biological evaluation of the first anti-protozoa imidazole n-oxide and benzimidazole n-oxide and their derivatives are reported. they were tested in vitro against two different protozoa, trypanosoma cruzi and trichomonas vaginalis. derivative 7c, ethyl-1-(i-butyloxycarbonyloxy)-6-nitrobenzimid-azole-2-carboxylate, displayed activity on both protozoa. lipophilicity and redox potential were experimentally determined in order to study the relationship with activity of the compound ... | 2004 | 15095419 |