Publications

possible virulence factors of aeromonas spp. from food and water.	thirty-one isolates of aeromonas spp. from food and water in norway were classified and tested for possible virulence factors including cytotoxins (tissue cultures, pcr), enterotoxins (pcr) and invasion ability (caco-2 cells). five different species were recorded, a. caviae (9/31), a. hydrophila (15/31), a. schubertii (3/31), a. trota (3/31) and a. veronii biovar veronii (1/31). one of the a. hydrophila strains was probably responsible for a small outbreak of food poisoning caused by ingestion o ...	1998	9685002
recovery of foodborne microorganisms from potentially lethal radiation damage.	a two-stage recovery protocol was examined for microorganisms following gamma irradiation in phosphate buffer at 0 degrees c. in the first stage, survivors were recovered on basal yeast extract agar and held at various temperatures suboptimal for their growth for 20 h (resuscitation protocol). in the second stage the survivors were incubated for an additional 24 h, but in this case at their optimum temperature for growth. controls consisted of survivors which were not subjected to the resuscitat ...	1998	9709232
occurrence, diversity and pathogenicity of mesophilic aeromonas in estuarine waters of the italian coast of the adriatic sea.	a total of 208 strains of aeromonas were isolated by monthly sampling from two estuaries (one provided with, and the other devoid of a waste-water treatment system) on the italian coast of the adriatic sea between september 1994 and august 1995. biotyping at the species level allowed the identification of 96 strains (46%) as aer. caviae, 46 (22%) as aer. sobria, 33 (16%) as aer. hydrophila and 25 (12%) as aer. veronii. eight strains (4%) were regarded as unnamed aeromonads. aeromonas caviae was ...	1998	9750281
isolation of aeromonas salmonicida in association with purple-pigmented bacteria in sediment from a scottish loch.	aeromonas salmonicida was recovered in close association with an unidentified purple-pigmented organism, which was isolated from sediment in a scottish loch during november (1997) and february (1998). however, there has not been any evidence of a. salmonicida infections, specifically furunculosis, associated with the fish in this loch.	1998	9871353
the acute phase response in the sudan plated lizard, gerrhosaurus major.	the sudan plated lizard (gerrhosaurus major), previously reported to be an afebrile species, was utilized in a series of experiments to test for various aspects of the acute phase response. treatment of individuals with the antibiotic baytril resulted in a slight (0.5 degree c) but significant reduction in mean selected body temperature (msbt), while treatment with saline did not lower msbt. nonantibiotic treatment individuals had depressed plasma iron levels (86.6 +/- 22.4 micrograms fe 100 ml- ...	1998	9773512
[factors of persistence and (or) pathogenicity in vibrios and aeromonads belonging to different ecotopes].	factors of persistence and/or pathogenicity in vibrio parahaemolyticus and aeromonas hydrophila (hemolytic, lipase, lecithin, dnaase, rnaase, antilysozyme, "anti-interferon", anticomplementary activities and capacity for absorbing congo red) were studied. the study revealed the interspecific and subpopulation (hospital and extraorganismal parts of the population) differences in the activity of the manifestation of these factors. strong dependence of the whole complex of persistence and pathogeni ...	1998	9825495
haemorrhagic septicaemia by aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida in a black-tip reef shark (carcharhinus melanopterus).	one black-tip reef shark (carcharhinus melanopterus) was found dead without previous signs of disease. major lesions consisted in cutaneous erythema, mainly at the base of the fins, focal to diffuse inflammatory lesions in gills and intestinal wall, and discrete haemorrhages in the same organs, liver and kidneys. microcolonies of gram-negative rods were observed in the lamina propia of gills, underneath the intestinal mucosa and randomly distributed in the renal and hepatic parenchymas. also, em ...	1998	9780832
experimental infections of rana esculenta with aeromonas hydrophila: a molecular mechanism for the control of the normal flora.	frogs can be useful models for studying the mechanisms that may regulate their natural microbial flora. their skin glands produce a secretion containing 20-30 different peptides, some antimicrobial some neurotrophic. as they often live in soil or silt that is rich in microbes, they can be expected to be able to prevent or eliminate infections in very short periods of time. the bacterium aeromonas hydrophila is widely distributed in nature and is considered as part of the natural flora of frogs a ...	1998	9790305
susceptibility of antibiotic-resistant and antibiotic-sensitive foodborne pathogens to acid anionic sanitizers.	acid anionic sanitizers for treatment of fruits and vegetables were prepared using ingredients generally recognized as safe by the u.s. food and drug administration or anionic surfactants and organic acid food additives. they met the regulatory definition as sanitizers by showing bactericidal efficacy of 99.999% in 30 s against staphylococcus aureus atcc 6538 and escherichia coli atcc 11229. these sanitizers showed a broad spectrum of microbicidal activity against both gram-positive and gram-neg ...	1998	9798163
necrotizing soft tissue infection in heart transplantation recipients: two case reports.		1998	9838477
population dynamics of aeromonas spp. in an urban river watershed.	density of aeromonas spp. at one site in the buffalo river and at four sites on its upstream tributaries was followed from june 1992-june 1993. membrane filtration counts of aeromonas during the summer ranged between 18 and 4000 ml-1, which were one to two logs higher than faecal coliform and faecal streptococci densities. aeromonas spp. in the buffalo river, and faecal coliforms, faecal streptococci, and the heterotrophic plate count throughout the watershed, increased by approximately one log ...	1998	9812384
effect of "acidic oxidative potential water" on microbial contamination harvesting porcine pancreas for islet xenotransplantation.		1998	9838512
construction of a physical and preliminary genetic map of aeromonas hydrophila jmp636.	a physical and preliminary genetic map of the aeromonas hydrophila jmp636 chromosome has been constructed. the topology of the genome was predicted to be circular as chromosomal dna did not migrate from the origin during pfge unless linearized by s1 nuclease. cleavage of the chromosome with paci and pmei produced 23 and 14 fragments, respectively, and enabled calculation of the genome size at 4.5 mb. digestion of the chromosome with i-ceui produced 10 fragments, indicating that 10 rrl (23s) gene ...	1998	9846744
transcriptional regulation and organization of the dcua and dcub genes, encoding homologous anaerobic c4-dicarboxylate transporters in escherichia coli.	the dcua and dcub genes of escherichia coli encode homologous proteins that appear to function as independent and mutually redundant c4-dicarboxylate transporters during anaerobiosis. the dcua gene is 117 bp downstream of, and has the same polarity as, the aspartase gene (aspa), while dcub is 77 bp upstream of, and has the same polarity as, the anaerobic fumarase gene (fumb). to learn more about the respective roles of the dcu genes, the environmental and regulatory factors influencing their exp ...	1998	9852003
the occurrence of aeromonas species in drinking water supplies of an area of the dolomite mountains, italy.	a study was made of the occurrence of aeromonas spp. in drinking water supplies in a mountain area in northeast italy (the dolomites). on account of its location, the water in question is exposed to a low level of pollution and systematic chemical disinfection is not necessary. out of 7395 water samples analysed over a 3 year period, 1623 (21 x 95%) were found to be positive for aeromonas, with levels ranging from 1 to 240 cfu 100 ml-1; 72 x 4% of the strains were identified as aer. hydrophila, ...	1998	9750299
[bacteriological quality of spring and well water in yaounde (cameroon)].	the drinking water supply in yaounde, cameroon, often fails to meet demand and this leads many people to seek water from springs and wells the microbiological quality of which is unknown. we carried out a microbiological survey of five spring water points and ten wells. the fifteen study sites were located in various residential districts and were selected according to geographical location and number of users. microorganisms were isolated on specific culture media using the membrane filter tech ...	1998	9854008
an exeab complex in the type ii secretion pathway of aeromonas hydrophila: effect of atp-binding cassette mutations on complex formation and function.	the energy-dependent secretion of aerolysin by aeromonas hydrophila requires the exea and exeb proteins. an 85 kda complex containing the two proteins was identified in wild-type cells but not in cells producing either protein alone. radiolabelling followed by cross-linking, immunoprecipitation and then reduction of the cross-links confirmed the presence of the two proteins in the same complex. the complex could also be extracted intact from cell membranes with non-ionic detergents. a g229d subs ...	1998	9767591
optimisation of the protocol for detection of aeromonas species in ready-to-eat salads, and its use to speciate isolates and establish their prevalence.	aeromonas spp. are detected in more than 500 cases of gastrointestinal infection each year in england and wales. this study aimed to identify their prevalence in ready-to-eat salads, which are a potential source of aeromonas infection. the protocol for isolation of mesophilic aeromonas spp. from salads was optimised. using the improved method, aeromonas spp were isolated from 19 of 25 samples (25 g) of ready-to-eat salad products. aeromonas organisms were counted, isolates were identified to spe ...	1998	9854886
the production of a novel carbapenem-hydrolysing beta-lactamase in aeromonas veronii biovar sobria, and its association with imipenem resistance.		1998	10052912
endochitinase is transported to the extracellular milieu by the eps-encoded general secretory pathway of vibrio cholerae.	the chia gene of vibrio cholerae encodes a polypeptide which degrades chitin, a homopolymer of n-acetylglucosamine (glcnac) found in cell walls of fungi and in the integuments of insects and crustaceans. chia has a coding capacity corresponding to a polypeptide of 846 amino acids having a predicted molecular mass of 88.7 kda. a 52-bp region with promoter activity was found immediately upstream of the chia open reading frame. insertional inactivation of the chromosomal copy of the gene confirmed ...	1998	9791107
secretion and properties of the large and small lobes of the channel-forming toxin aerolysin.	aerolysin is a dimeric protein secreted by aeromonas spp. that binds to glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored receptors on target cells and becomes insertion competent by oligomerizing. the protein comprises two lobes joined by a short arm. the large lobe is thought to be responsible for channel formation, whereas the small lobe is believed to stabilize the dimer, and it may also contain the receptor binding site. we cloned and expressed the dna for both lobes of the toxin separately and togethe ...	1998	9791179
occurrence of heterotrophic bacteria and fungi in an aviation fuel handling system and its relationship with fuel fouling.	clean, dry and contaminant-free fuel is necessary for safe and economical aircraft operation. microbial growth in aviation fuel handling systems can alter the quality of the product. this paper reports the occurrence of heterotrophic bacteria and fungi in a handling system of jet a-1 aviation turbine fuel. a total of 350 samples were collected during 1990-1996. the aerobic microorganisms in fuel samples were mainly fungi, 85% of samples containing < or = 100 cfu/l (range 0 (< 1 cfu/l) to 2000 cf ...	1998	9793139
pharmacokinetics of oxytetracycline in the red pacu (colossoma brachypomum) following different routes of administration.	oxytetracycline (otc) pharmacokinetics were studied in the red pacu (colossoma brachypomum) following intravenous (i.v.) and intramuscular (i.m.) administration at a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight. otc plasma concentrations were determined by high-performance-liquid-chromatography (hplc). a non-compartmental model was used to describe plasma drug disposition after otc administration. following i.m. administration, the elimination half-life (t1/2) was 62.65 +/- 1.25 h and the bioavailability was 49. ...	1998	9811436
the risk to public health of aeromonas in ready-to-eat salad products.	mesophilic aeromonas spp. are isolated regularly from cases of gastrointestinal infection and have markers indicative of enteropathogenicity. is aeromonas, which is present in a large proportion of ready-to-eat salads, actually a gastrointestinal pathogen? isolates of mesophilic aeromonas from salads were characterised in terms of their ability to grow at refrigeration temperatures over the given shelf life and by the presence of markers of potential virulence. the major phenospecies present in ...	1998	9854887
the pore-forming toxin proaerolysin is activated by furin.	aerolysin is secreted as an inactive dimeric precursor by the bacterium aeromonas hydrophila. proteolytic cleavage within a mobile loop near the c terminus of the protoxin is required for oligomerization and channel formation. this loop contains the sequence kvrrar432, which should be recognized by mammalian proprotein convertases such as furin, pace4, and pc5/6a. here we show that these three proteases cleave proaerolysin after arg-432 in vitro, yielding active toxin. we also investigated the p ...	1998	9830006
purification and characterization of enterotoxin produced by aeromonas sobria.	we purified the toxin of aeromonas sobria capable of inducing a positive response in the mouse intestinal loop assay. the purified toxin showed a positive response not only in the loop assay but also in a hemolytic assay. subsequently, we cloned the toxin gene and demonstrated that the product of this gene possessed both hemolytic and enterotoxic activities. these results showed that the enterotoxin of a. sobria possesses hemolytic activity. nucleotide sequence determination of the toxin gene an ...	1998	9858466
a collagen-binding protein produced by aeromonas hydrophila.	the gastrointestinal pathogen aeromonas hydrophila strain a186 produces a collagen-binding protein (cnbp) which is found extracellularly and loosely associated with the cell surface. the cell-associated cnbp was purified by sequential ammonium sulphate precipitation, size-exclusion chromatography and ion-exchange chromatography, or by sequential ammonium sulphate precipitation and affinity chromatography with collagen-sepharose. the purified cnbp was homogeneous in sds-page, and had a mol. wt of ...	1998	9879942
aeromonas hydrophila associated with a severe outbreak of infection in farmed rabbits.	an outbreak of infection with a high rate of mortality has been detected in an industrial rabbitry in spain. aeromonas hydrophila was isolated in pure culture from liver, lung, heart and spleen of ill and moribund animals. all the isolates belonged to o:11 serogroup, autogglutinated after boiling, were resistant to the bactericidal action of the fresh rabbit serum and did not agglutinate in acriflavine. they were producers of hemolysins and proteases but were not enterotoxigenic.	1998	9916296
[meningitis by aeromonas sobria following cranio-encephalic traumatism].		1998	9919002
distributional patterns of bacterial diarrhoeagenic agents and antibiograms of isolates from diarrhoeaic and non-diarrhoeaic patients in urban and rural areas of nigeria.	to determine the prevalence of bacteria that could cause diarrhoea in stool specimens of individuals with and without diarrhoea in both urban and rural areas of nigeria. to ascertain the antibiotic susceptibilities of the bacterial diarrhoeagenic agents isolated. to document the predominant signs and symptoms associated with the various bacterial agents of diarrhoea.	1998	10101427
characterisation of a type iv pilus produced by aeromonas caviae.	a pilus produced by a clinical isolate of aeromonas caviae (strain ca195) was purified and partially characterised. the mr of the pilin was estimated to be 23 kda by sds-page. its n-terminal amino-acid sequence showed that it was closely related to 'bundle-forming' type iv pili purified from other aeromonas spp. associated with gastro-enteritis and considered to be important intestinal colonisation factors. bundle-forming pili, often with a polar location, were seen on the surface of strain ca19 ...	1998	9879972
virulence factors of aeromonads--an emerging food borne pathogen problem.	aeromonas spp. possess a number of virulence properties which are considered responsible for intestinal and extra-intestinal infections in human beings and also for a wide variety of infections in animals. the paper discusses current status of colonization and toxic factors of aeromonas spp., especially in relation to food and biochemical markers. future research needs are also identified.	1998	9914671
resistance to antibiotic and heavy metals of motile aeromonads from chilean freshwater.	in this work the resistance of 172 motile aeromonas isolates recovered from raw drinking water supplies (56), irrigation waters (60) and runoff waters receiving sewage (56), to some antibiotics and heavy metals was investigated by agar diffusion and agar dilution methods. a high proportion of isolates from all water sources showed resistance to carbenicillin, erythromycin, streptomycin, cephradine and cadmium, and susceptibility to chloramphenicol, kanamycin, gentamicin, tetracycline, nalidixic ...	1998	9926432
prevalence, in-vitro secretory activity, and cytotoxicity of aeromonas species associated with childhood gastroenteritis in chennai (madras), india.	an investigation on the prevalence of aeromonas in gastrointestinal illnesses of pediatric inpatients 1 month to 3 years of age was conducted from february 1997 through january 1998 in madras. sixteen aeromonas spp. were isolated from 11 male and five female children among the 341 pediatric inpatients suffering from acute diarrhoea. a. caviae, which was isolated from nine cases, was found to be the most predominant isolate, followed by a. veronii biovar sobria, isolated from six cases, and a. hy ...	1998	10211427
a cluster of cases of infections due to aeromonas hydrophila revealed by combined rapd and eric-pcr.	two polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based methods were used for epidemiological typing of aeromonas hydrophila. random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd) and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-pcr (eric-pcr) were applied to an outbreak involving seven patients. the epidemiological situation appeared complex; with the exception of two clinical isolates, all gave unique patterns with both techniques. these methods demonstrated nosocomial transmission in one unit and permitted the ...	1998	9879968
an attempt to use selected strains of bacteria adapted to high concentrations of petroleum oil to increase the effective removal of petroleum products in excess activated sludge in laboratory conditions.	forty two strains of bacteria were isolated from excess activated sludge from petroleum wastewater treatment plant. the strains were identified and classified to the following groups: enterobacteriaceae (7 strains), anitratum (3 strains), pseudomonas (13 strains), micrococcus (12 strains), comamonas (2 strains), xanthomonas (2 strains), achromobacter (1 strain) and vibrio-aeromonas (1 strain). one of the isolates was found to be a yeast strain. following preliminary selection ten strains, showin ...	1998	9990713
escherichia coli in patients with acute gastroenteritis in lagos, nigeria.	over a period of 12 months, a total of 852 stool samples from patients (both children and adults) with acute diarrhoeal diseases attending some public and government recognised health institutions in lagos metropolis were screened for diarrhoeagenic bacterial agents. one hundred and eighty two bacterial isolates were found out of which 83 (45.6%) were escherichia coli, 38 (20.9%) shigella spp, 31 (17%) salmonella spp, 16 (8.8%) klebsiella spp, eight (4.4%) aeromonas spp, while there were only si ...	1998	10493052
ulcerative dermatitis caused by aeromonas salmonicida spp. salmonicida in farmed atlantic salmon in british columbia.		1998	10051960
abdominal ascites in electric eels (electrophorus electricus) associated with hepatic hemosiderosis and elevated water ph.	six electric eels (electrophorus electricus) from various centers that house aquatic organisms presented clinically with abdominal distension following prolonged exposure to elevated environmental ph. postmortem examination revealed marked ascites. culture of the abdominal fluid from three of the eels yielded either aeromonas hydrophila or citrobacter freundii, which were most likely secondary invaders. histopathology showed marked iron accumulation in both hepatocytes and hepatic macrophage agg ...	1998	10065849
expression and export of pseudomonas putida ntu-8 creatinase by escherichia coli using the chitinase signal sequence of aeromonas hydrophila.	the gene for the creatinase from pseudomonas putida ntu-8 was sequenced and revealed an open reading frame (orf) of 1209 base pairs encoding a polypeptide of 403 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight (m(r)) of 45,691. the deduced amino acid sequence is very similar to that of the creatinase of pseudomonas putida and flavobacterium sp. an overproduction system for the chitinase signal peptide--creatinase hybrid gene was constructed by using the pqe-51 expression vector in e. coli jm109. ...	1998	10230521
leech-borne serratia marcescens infection following complex hand injury.	leeches are commonly used in the postoperative course of plastic surgical operations where there is venous congestion in a pedicled or free flap. they provide a temporary relief to venous engorgement whilst venous drainage is re-established. it is known that leeches can carry aeromonas hydrophila infection, and a second or third generation cephalosporin antibiotic has traditionally been given as prophylaxis against infection. we report a new observation that leeches can carry serratia marcescens ...	1998	10209471
identification of bacteria in water for pharmaceutical use.	different systems for the obtention of water used in biopharmaceutical industry were characterized from the bacteriological point of view. determination of aerobic mesophilic microorganisms was performed; as well as the isolation of contaminant microorganisms for what the techniques of membrane filtration was used. for the identification of the more representative species there were made conventional biochemical tests and quick systems: api. the results show that water serving as tap water for p ...	1998	10932743
inhibition of streptomyces griseus aminopeptidase and effects of calcium ions on catalysis and binding--comparisons with the homologous enzyme aeromonas proteolytica aminopeptidase.	streptomyces griseus aminopeptidase is a zinc metalloenzyme containing 2 mol zinc/mol protein, similar to the homologous enzyme aeromonas proteolytica aminopeptidase. in addition, a unique ca2+-binding site has been identified in the streptomyces enzyme, which is absent in the aeromonas enzyme. binding of ca2+ enhances stability of the streptomyces enzyme and modulates its activity and affinity towards substrates and inhibitors in a structure-dependent manner. among the three hydrophobic 4-nitro ...	1998	9874195
[development of an elisa-system for the assessment of furunculosis vaccines]	as an alternative method for challenge experiments in fish a sandwich-elisa has been established for the detection of potentially protective antibody populations. assay specificity depends on monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against different antigens of aeromonas salmonicida, the causative agent of furunculosis. comparable levels of salmon antibodies against lps and the a-layer protein were recorded by elisa and antigen binding assay. these studies, together with the first analysis of trou ...	1998	11178550
coordination chemistry of the amonabactins, bis(catecholate) siderophores from aeromonas hydrophila(1).	the amonabactins are a series of four bis(catecholate) siderophores isolated from the pathogenic organism, aeromonas hydrophila. as tetradentate ligands, they cannot singly satisfy the octahedral coordination sphere of iron. the solution coordination chemistry of the amonabactins has been elucidated using potentiometric and spectrophotometric titrations, circular dichroism, and mass spectroscopy. they form 2:3 metal:ligand complexes at high ph and excess ligand. their complexation behavior is es ...	1998	11670604
specific probiotic characterization of weissella hellenica ds-12 isolated from flounder intestine.	a total of 199 microorganisms were isolated from the intestinal contents of flounder (paralichthys olivaceus) in a fish farm in seoul, korea. among these strains, ds-12 was selected as a candidate for flounder probiotics because of its excellent exhibition of antimicrobial activity against fish pathogens such as edwardsiella, pasteurella, aeromonas, and vibrio, and initiate growth in 10% nacl, 10% bile, and in broth at ph 3 for 90 min. this strain was gram-positive, and catalase-negative coccoid ...	1998	12501410
a case of acute cholecystitis due to aeromonas sobria and hafnia alvei from northern europe.		1998	11864254
lipase activity and gene cloning of acinetobacter calcoaceticus lp009.	the production of lipase from acinetobacter calcoaceticus lp009, a bacterium isolated from raw milk, was found to be best induced by tween-80 at 1.0% concentration. it was efficiently secreted, and only a minute amount of activity was detected at the cell surface and intracellularly. a. calcoaceticus lp009 lipase exhibited maximum activity at ph 7.0 and 50 degrees c, and was relatively stable upon storage at ph 5.0 to 7.0 and at 4, 30, or 37 degrees c. the enzyme was found to be inactivated by e ...	1998	12501281
the development of random dna probes specific for aeromonas salmonicida.	rapd-pcr has been used to produce dna probes for aeromonas salmonicida. dna hybridization studies showed that rapd-pcr fragments of the same size did not necessarily hybridize to each other and therefore these sequences were not always homologous. however, a single rapd-pcr fragment (designated 15e) was identified as being common to aer. salmonicida. subsequently, 15e was found to comprise five dna fragments of similar size which differed in their nucleotide sequences. all five fragments were ev ...	1998	15244055
the acetylcholinesterase ichthyotoxin is a common component in the extracellular products of vibrionaceae strains.	in previous work, it was reported that a strain of aeromonas hydrophila (b32) produces the most potent lethal toxin with neurotoxic activity described so far for fish. in the present study, the presence and distribution of this acetylcholinesterase toxin lethal for fish were determined in extracellular products (ecp) of 42 vibrionaceae strains using both immunological and colorimetric methods. this neurotoxin was shown to be present in the majority of the ecp from the aeromonas and vibrio strain ...	1998	15244056
inactivation of two haemolytic toxin genes in aeromonas hydrophila attenuates virulence in a suckling mouse model.	the contribution of two unrelated aeromonas hydrophila beta-haemolytic toxins to virulence was assessed in a suckling mouse model. the first haemolysin gene, isolated from an a. hydrophila a6 cosmid bank, encoded a potential gene product of 621 amino acids and a predicted molecular size of 69.0 kda. the inferred amino acid sequence showed 89% identity to the ahh1 haemolysin of a. hydrophila atcc 7966, and 51% identity to the hlya haemolysin of vibrio cholerae ei tor strain o17. the second haemol ...	1998	9493366
internalization of aeromonas hydrophila by fish epithelial cells can be inhibited with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor.	aeromonas hydrophila is a gram-negative bacterium that is pathogenic in fish, causing motile aeromonad septicaemia. it can enter (invade) fish cells, and survive as an intracellular parasite. the host-pathogen interaction and signal transduction pathway were studied by screening signal transduction inhibitors using carp epithelial cells and a virulent strain of the bacterium, ppd134/91. genistein, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, postponed internalization of a. hydrophila into host cells, suggesting ...	1998	9493367
[selective screening of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli depending on hemolysis on beutin's washed sheep blood agar plates].	recently, beutin et al have studied hemolysin production in a large number of serologically diverse verotoxin (vt) producing escherichia coli (vtec) strains and found a close association between hemolysin production and vt production. this study was to examine whether hemolysin production on sheep blood agar can be used as an epidemiological marker for microbiological screening of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec). in comparison of hemolysis on washed blood agar plates prepared in our la ...	1998	9585695
food borne microbial pathogens of cultured aquatic species.	this article provides a broad overview of microbial pathogens associated with marine and fresh water aquatic animals, including vibrio species, escherichia coli, streptococcus iniae, salmonella species, and edwardsiella tarda. historically, cultured fish were not considered important vectors of human pathogens. this situation is changing, partly due to increasing animal densities as a consequence of a rapidly growing industry and partly due to increasing awareness by health care providers of pat ...	1998	9532670
activity of bacterial phosphomonoesterases in batch culture.	the phosphomonoesterases catalyse the hydrolysis of primary esters of phosphoric acid which help the bacteria to survive in phosphate stressed environment. ninety-five bacterial isolates were obtained from domestic sewage and industrial effluents of gelatine and soap factories at jabalpur on a medium enriched with phosphate and were screened for phosphatase production. the phosphatase producers were tentatively identified as escherichia coli, vibrio vulnificus, aeromonas hydrophila, staphylococc ...	1998	9536656
defined deletion mutants demonstrate that the major secreted toxins are not essential for the virulence of aeromonas salmonicida.	the importance of the two major extracellular enzymes of aeromonas salmonicida, glycerophospholipid: cholesterol acyltransferase (gcat) and a serine protease (aspa), to the pathology and mortality of salmonid fish with furunculosis had been indicated in toxicity studies. in this study, the genes encoding gcat (sata) and aspa (aspa) have been cloned and mutagenized by marker replacement of internal deletions, and the constructs have been used for the creation of isogenic sata and aspa mutants of ...	1998	9573081
antibiotic resistance of bacterial litter isolates.	use of antibiotics in subtherapeutic doses as growth-promoting feed additives for animal production is widespread in the u.s. and throughout the world. previous studies by our research group concluded that size fractionation of poultry (broiler) litter followed by storage facilitated reutilization of litter as a soil amendment or bedding supplement. however, litter microbial contamination, including antibiotic-resistant populations, and accumulation of metals and other elements may limit litter ...	1998	9495488
infected stingray injury.		1998	9576395
characterization and sequence of the chryseobacterium (flavobacterium) meningosepticum carbapenemase: a new molecular class b beta-lactamase showing a broad substrate profile.	the metallo-beta-lactamase produced by chryseobacterium (formerly flavobacterium) meningosepticum, which is the flavobacterial species of greatest clinical relevance, was purified and characterized. the enzyme, named blab, contains a polypeptide with an apparent mr of 26000, and has a pi of 8.5. it hydrolyses penicillins, cephalosporins (including cefoxitin), carbapenems and 6-beta-iodopenicillanate, a mechanism-based inactivator of active-site serine beta-lactamases. the enzyme was inhibited by ...	1998	9576862
misidentification of unusual aeromonas species as members of the genus vibrio: a continuing problem.	two unusual cases of aeromonas infection are described, one associated with bacteremia (aeromonas schubertii) and another in which the organism was recovered from an infected gall bladder (aeromonas veronii biotype veronii). these strains were initially identified as vibrio damsela and vibrio cholerae by the vitek and api 20e systems, respectively. use of appropriate screening tests and familiarity with the newer aeromonas species could prevent initial misidentifications and potential public hea ...	1998	9542946
evaluation of the role of carnobacterium piscicola in spoilage of vacuum- and modified-atmosphere-packed cold-smoked salmon stored at 5 degrees c.	the microflora on spoiled cold-smoked salmon often consists of a mixture of lactic acid bacteria (lab) and gram-negative bacteria. to elucidate the role of the different groups, a storage trial was carried out in which nisin and co2 were used for the selective inhibition of the two bacterial groups. the shelf-life of vacuum-packed cold-smoked salmon, recorded by sensory evaluation, was four weeks at 5 degrees c and the microflora was composed of lab (10(6)-10(7) cfu/g) with an associate gram-neg ...	1998	9553794
a further review of the microbiological quality of bottled water sold in canada: 1992-1997 survey results.		1998	9553800
study of the microbial ecology of cold-smoked salmon during storage at 8 degrees c.	microbiological, chemical and sensory changes in cold-smoked salmon were studied during 5 weeks of vacuum storage at 8 degrees c. the aerobic 20 degrees c viable count reached its maximum level after 6 days (3 x 10(6) cfu g-1) however, the shelf-life of the product was estimated to be 2 or 3 weeks by the panellists, confirming that there is no correlation between those two factors. acid, pungent, sour and rancid odours and flavours and pasty texture were the main spoilage characteristics. trimet ...	1998	9562883
analysis of the interaction of aeromonas caviae, a. hydrophila and a. sobria with mucins.	aeromonas species are known to be involved in human gastrointestinal diseases. these organisms colonize the gastrointestinal tract. aeromonas hydrophila, a. caviae, and a. sobria have been demonstrated microscopically to adhere to animal cell lines that express mucous receptors, but quantitative studies of adherence to mucosal components such as mucin have not been published to date. purified bovine submaxillary gland, hog gastric mucin, and fish skin mucin were used as a model to study mucin-bi ...	1998	9566493
nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the metallo-beta-lactamase, imis, from aeromonas veronii bv. sobria.	the aeromonas veronii bv. sobria metallo-beta-lactamase gene, imis, was cloned. the imis open reading frame extends for 762 bp and encodes a protein of 254 amino acids with a secreted modified protein of 227 amino acids and a predicted pi of 8.1. to confirm the predicted sequence, purified imis was digested and the resulting peptides were identified, yielding an identical sequence for imis, with 98% identity to cpha. both possessed the putative active-site sequence asn-tyr-his-thr-asp at positio ...	1998	9527802
enzyme characteristics of beta-d-galactosidase- and beta-d-glucuronidase-positive bacteria and their interference in rapid methods for detection of waterborne coliforms and escherichia coli.	bacteria which were beta-d-galactosidase and beta-d-glucuronidase positive or expressed only one of these enzymes were isolated from environmental water samples. the enzymatic activity of these bacteria was measured in 25-min assays by using the fluorogenic substrates 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-d-galactoside and 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-d-glucuronide. the enzyme activity, enzyme induction, and enzyme temperature characteristics of target and nontarget bacteria in assays aimed at detecting colifo ...	1998	9501441
experimental pathogenicity of aeromonas spp. for the zebra mussel, dreissena polymorpha	experiments were conducted to determine whether species of aeromonas were pathogenic to the zebra mussel dreissena polymorpha. a. jandaei, a. veronii, and a. media, identified with biolog, were originally isolated from dead zebra mussels. when inoculated into living mussels, these bacteria resulted in the mortality of the bivalves. two additional species, a. salmonicida salmonicida (atcc 33678) and a. hydrophila (atcc 7966), were also demonstrated to be pathogenic to the mussels. in addition to ...	1998	9405741
new developments in meat starter cultures.	meat starter cultures containing one or more strains of lactic acid bacteria,actinobacteria, staphylococci,halomonas elongata, aeromonas spec., and moulds or yeasts are widely in practical use. the progress in microbial systematic has led to changes in the taxonomy of familiar bacterial species which are described. studies of flavour genesis led to the identification of the contribution of the enzyme activities endogenously present in the meat matrix as well as of those exerted by the starter cu ...	1998	22060705
a comparison of bacillus cereus and aeromonas hydrophilia zn-beta-lactamases.		1999	15263322
cloning and nucleotide sequencing of prolyl endopeptidase gene from aeromonas punctata subsp. punctata.	prolyl endopeptidase activity was found in aeromonas punctata subsp. punctata. the genomic dna was partially digested with ecori and the recovered 8-16 kb dna fragments were inserted into the ecori site of plasmid puc19, and were transformated into escherichia coli dh5alpha. the resulted clones were screened by using benzyloxycarbonyl-gly-pro-beta-naphthylamide, the specific substrate of prolyl endopeptidase and a positive clone was obtained. the 12 kb insertion fragment of recombinant plasmid w ...	1999	12114972
properties of recombinant aeromonas punctata prolyl endopeptidase.	the properties of recombinant aeromonas punctata prolyl endopeptidase(appep) were studied using specific substrate and peptides. results show that the optimum catalytic temperature and ph was 34 degrees and 8.4, the stability of the appep was in the range of 4-32 degrees and ph 6.0-10.0, and its k(m) was 0.03 mmol/l based on the z-gly-pro-betana. the appep was not sensitive to pmsf, tlck, tpck, trypsion inhibitor, edta, tetrathionate and some metal ions, but was sensitive to sds and zn(2 ), and ...	1999	12110936
high mortality in zebrafish (danio rerio).	a group of 100 adult zebrafish were housed in a new system at a stocking density of 20 fish per tank. four weeks after arrival, 15 fish presented with petechial hemorrhages and ulceration on the surfaces of the skin. samples of the fish were collected for histopathology, fungal culture, and bacterial culture and sensitivity. water samples were analyzed for ph, ammonia, nitrite, and submitted for bacterial and fungal culture. histologically, the epidermis had multiple areas of ulceration and mono ...	1999	12086431
characterization of virulence factors of aeromonas isolated from children with and without diarrhoea in tripoli, libya.	during september 1992-august 1993, stool samples from 157 children with diarrhoea and 157 matched healthy controls were examined for the presence of aeromonas and other enteropathogens. aeromonas strains were tested for haemolytic activity, haemagglutination patterns, and antibiotic susceptibility. in total, 62 aeromonas were isolated, of which 27 (17.2%) were from children with diarrhoea and 35 (22.3%) from healthy controls. only 23 (14.6%) of the diarrhoeal children and 28 (17.8%) of the healt ...	1999	10897890
virulence patterns of aeromonas eucrenophila isolated from water and infected fish.	six isolates of aeromonas eucrenophila--2 from water and 4 from superficial skin ulcer of cat fish--were examined for haemagglutination, serum sensitivity, chitinase production and enterotoxicity, and correlation, if any, between them; only one strain showed haemagglutination and was inhibited by both d-mannose and l-fucose. all the strains showed resistance to normal human serum, but produced chitinase; one of them elaborated inducible chitinase. all these strains caused fluid accumulation only ...	1999	10892496
virulence factors in aeromonas veronii bv veronii.		1999	10897894
identification of aeromonas strains of clinical origin with atypical phenotypical profiles.	a total of 47 strains of aereomonas isolated from patients with gastroenteritis was analyzed for 40 phenotypical characters and for evaluating the numeric taxonomy based on 27 discriminatory tests. it was proved that the clinical isolates showed a relative phenotypical distance and the groups of strains that had atypical profiles were compared with the type species by the present identification schemes.	1999	10887556
combined infection of norwalk-like virus and verotoxin-producing bacteria associated with a gastroenteritis outbreak.	detection of multiple pathogens, particularly a combination of viruses and bacteria, is infrequently documented in outbreaks of gastroenteritis. this paper reports the presence of norwalk-like virus (nlv) and enterohaemorrhagic verotoxin-producing escherichia coli in one individual, and nlv and verotoxin-producing aeromonas sobria in another individual, both part of a large gastroenteritis outbreak. the causes of gastroenteritis in such outbreaks may be more complex than previously thought.	1999	10892495
successful use of the medicinal leech (hirudo medicinalis) for the treatment of venous insufficiency in a replanted digit.		1999	10731346
site-directed mutagenesis of asp313, glu315, and asp391 residues in chitinase of aeromonas caviae.	site-directed mutagenesis was used to explore the roles of amino acid residues involved in the activity of chitinase from aeromonas caviae. kinetic parameters for 4-methylumbelliferyl-n,n'-diacetyl-chitobiose or 4-methylumbelliferyl-n,n',n"-triacetylchitotriose hydrolysis were determined with wild-type and mutant chitinases. chitinases with the mutations e315d (or q) and d391e (or n) were severely impaired and had dramatically decreased kcat. however, the effect of the these mutations on the km ...	1999	10794597
[antimicrobial resistance among species of salmonella, shigella, escherichia, and aeromonas isolated from children with diarrhea in 7 argentinian centers].	the increasing levels of resistance of enteropathogenic bacteria against antimicrobial agents present geographic variations. we have analysed the antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates obtained from 4,364 children under 5 years of age with acute diarrhea, in 7 cities of argentina. diarrheagenic e. coli exhibited 74.5% of resistance against ampicillin, 64.2% against sulfametoxazole-trimethoprim, and shigella spp., 62% and 75.6% respectively. salmonella sp. showed 35%, 14%, 41.8%, 65.4%, 14.5%, ...	1999	10932758
aeromonas abscess in an immunocompromised child.	an 11-year-old immunocompromised child developed cellulitis and abscess due to aeromonas hydrophila at the site of bone marrow aspiration after swimming in a freshwater lake. the patient required treatment with intravenous antibiotics and surgical debridement to eradicate the infection. both common and unusual organisms may complicate infections at the sites of percutaneous procedures.	1999	10598672
dimer dissociation of the pore-forming toxin aerolysin precedes receptor binding.	the pore-forming toxin aerolysin is secreted by aeromonas hydrophila as an inactive precursor. based on chemical cross-linking and gel filtration, we show here that proaerolysin exists as a monomer at low concentrations but is dimeric above 0.1 mg/ml. at intermediate concentrations, monomers and dimers appeared to be in rapid equilibrium. all together our data indicate that, at low concentrations, the toxin is a monomer and that this species is competent for receptor binding. in contrast, a muta ...	1999	10608828
bacterial contamination of bottle milk in infants under 6 months in children's hospital, bangkok, thailand.	the bacterial contamination of bottle milk samples obtained randomly from 500 infants under 6 months of age who came to the out-patient department of children's hospital bangkok was determined by collecting bottle milk samples prepared at home following interview of their caretakers after obtaining their consent. bacterial contamination was found in 91.8% (459/500) of bottle milk samples. among the positive samples, 82.8% (380/459) contained enteric bacteria, another 17.2% were unidentified bact ...	1999	10928374
detection, prevalence, purification and characterization of lecithinase of klebsiella pneumoniae.	lecithinase activity in klebsiella is a rare trait as out of 208 strains of klebsiella belonging to 3 species, viz. k. pneumoniae (168), k. planticola (29) and k. oxytoca (11), only 4 strains of k. pneumoniae produced lecithinase positive colonies on egg-yolk-agar. although cell lysates of 16 k. pneumoniae yielded positive results for lecithinase assay on egg-yolk-agar, 19 strains were detected positive for lecithinase with elisa using anti-lecithinase serum. release of up to 52.12% cell-bound l ...	1999	10687289
[bacterial origin of acute diarrhea in merida, venezuela].	464 stool specimens from children under 5 with acute diarrheal disease and other 149 specimens from the control group were studied from july, 1993, to may, 1995. the specimens were collected at the pediatric emergency department of the autonomous institute of the teaching hospital of los andes, mérida, venezuela. the presence of the internationally recommended bacterial, parasitary and viral agents was investigated. the commonest bacteria isolated as unique pathogens were: shigella (42.85%), shi ...	1999	10887550
quality of water--quality of life.	especially in developing countries, the problem of adequate drinking water supply is an ever growing one. public health programmes have been established to improve the population's health conditions, but these programmes require big financial means for guaranteeing adequate supply of potable water and medical therapy for sick people. too little emphasis is still put on regular testing of drinking water for microorganisms such as aeromonas sp. and vibrio sp. in a spot check analysis in various co ...	1999	10659386
impact of an urban effluent on the bacterial community structure in the arga river (spain), with special reference to culturable gram-negative rods.	the arga river is an interesting system in which to study the impact of urban effluent pollution because it receives a single effluent in the form of wastewater discharge from the city of pamplona. to analyze the extent of this discharge, total bacteria, culturable heterotrophic bacteria, and gram-negative heterotrophic bacteria were enumerated and 409 isolates of the latter were identified. one sampling station was located upstream from the inflow, while five were located up to 30 km downstream ...	1999	10907419
diversity of culturable heterotrophic aerobic bacteria in pristine stream bed sediments.	more than 900 culturable, heterotrophic aerobic isolates were obtained from the sediments of a forested, pristine stream and analyzed using three classical microbiological tests: api 20e, amplified ribosomal dna restriction analysis (ardra), and fatty acid analysis. gram-negative bacteria comprised most of the heterotrophic aerobic isolates (66.7%), similar to other oligotrophic environments. the isolates were assigned to the genus level as pseudomonas, flavobacterium, micrococcus, bacillus, chr ...	1999	10907425
platelet-activating factor and arachidonic acid metabolites mediate tumor necrosis factor and eicosanoid kinetics and cardiopulmonary dysfunction during bacteremic shock.	platelet-activating factor (paf) and eicosanoids are putative mediators of septic shock that are associated with release of tumor necrosis factor (tnf). the purpose of this investigation was to a) examine temporal patterns of tnf and arachidonic acid metabolite release in a porcine model of bacteremic shock and b) selectively block paf, thromboxane a2, prostacyclin, and leukotrienes to determine the relationships among these inflammatory response mediators and the alterations in cardiorespirator ...	1999	10579269
thermostable aminopeptidase from pyrococcus horikoshii.	from the genome sequence data of the thermophilic archaeon pyrococcus horikoshii, an open reading frame was found which encodes a protein (332 amino acids) homologous with an endoglucanase from clostridium thermocellum (42% identity), deblocking aminopeptidase from pyrococcus furiosus (42% identity) and an aminopeptidase from aeromonas proteolytica (18% identity). this gene was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli, and the characteristics of the expressed protein were examined. although endo ...	1999	10218575
pseudo-outbreak of aeromonas hydrophila isolates related to endoscopy.	over a two-month period there was a sudden increase in aeromonas hydrophila isolated from colon i.e., biopsies from patients without related symptoms. strains were studied by biotyping (api 20 ne, biomerieux), antibiotyping, plasmid analysis, sds-page of whole cell proteins and toxicity for cell cultures. all strains gave identical results. in particular sds-page of whole cell proteins showed an identical electrophoretic pattern for all the strains, and so all were considered to be of the same c ...	1999	10392337
interleukin-1 mediates hemodynamic dysfunction and release of eicosanoids and tumor necrosis factor during graded bacteremia.	the pathophysiologic events of sepsis mediated by interleukin-1 (il-1) remain ill-defined. the purpose of this study was to identify the circulatory derangements of which il-1 was a necessary mediator and evaluate its interactions with tumor necrosis factor (tnf) and the eicosanoids during graded bacteremia. eleven adult female swine were anesthetized, mechanically ventilated, and monitored with pulmonary artery catheters and arterial lines; they received intravenously either saline vehicle (sep ...	1999	10454832
two genes from the capsule of aeromonas hydrophila (serogroup o:34) confer serum resistance to escherichia coli k12 strains.	the escherichia coli dh5alpha strain as well as other k12-derived strains are unable to produce o-specific lipopolysaccharide and are thus rough and serum-sensitive. one representative recombinant clone (cos-sr1) containing aeromonas hydrophila (serogroup o:34) chromosomal dna conferred serum resistance to e. coli k12 strains. genetic, biochemical, and immunological studies suggested that the two genes (orf1 and wcaj) identified in a subclone (pac-sr9) of cos-sr1 are necessary for the production ...	1999	10466407
inhibition of the aminopeptidase from aeromonas proteolytica by aliphatic alcohols. characterization of the hydrophobic substrate recognition site.	seven aliphatic and two aromatic alcohols were tested as reporters of the substrate selectivity of the aminopeptidase from aeromonas proteolytica (aap). this series of alcohols was chosen to systematically probe the effect of carbon chain length, steric bulk, and inhibitor shape on the inhibition of aap. initially, however, the question of whether aap is denatured in the presence of aliphatic alcohols was addressed. on the basis of circular dichroism (cd), electronic absorption, and fluorescence ...	1999	10471294
[cellulitis caused by aeromonas hydrophila].	we report the case of a cirrhotic patient with leukocytoclastic vasculitis who developed a rapid and progressive cellulitis with hemorrhagic bulla and sepsis due to aeromonas hydrophila, the portal of entry was the surgical leech of a cutaneous biopsy.	1999	10686717
differences in the pathogenesis of bacteria isolated from contact-lens-induced infiltrative conditions.	the purpose of this study was to examine the ability of gram-negative bacteria isolated from the non-infectious condition contact-lens-induced acute red eye (clare) and infectious microbial keratitis (mk) to infect the eyes of mice.	1999	10484200
quorum sensing-dependent regulation and blockade of exoprotease production in aeromonas hydrophila.	in aeromonas hydrophila, the ahyi gene encodes a protein responsible for the synthesis of the quorum sensing signal n-butanoyl-l-homoserine lactone (c4-hsl). inactivation of the ahyi gene on the a. hydrophila chromosome abolishes c4-hsl production. the exoprotease activity of a. hydrophila consists of both serine protease and metalloprotease activities; in the ahyi-negative strain, both are substantially reduced but can be restored by the addition of exogenous c4-hsl. in contrast, mutation of th ...	1999	10496895
diverse restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns of the pcr-amplified 16s rrna genes in aeromonas veronii strains and possible misidentification of aeromonas species.	restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis after pcr amplification (rflp-pcr) of the 16s rrna gene has been previously proposed as a rapid method to identify aeromonas species. in the present study, the precision of rflp-pcr was evaluated with 62 aeromonas reference strains. the analysis revealed that aeromonas veronii biovar sobria strains produce various patterns, possibly leading to its misidentification as an environmental species. for most other aeromonas species little variation was ...	1999	10488176
numbers and species of motile aeromonads during the manufacture of naturally contaminated spanish fermented sausages (longaniza and chorizo).	the prevalence of aeromonads in the initial mixes of 14 batches of chorizo and longaniza obtained from three small- and middle-sized factories was 78.5%, with counts ranging from >1.00 to 4.47 log10 cfu/g. only 2 of 10 mixture samples prepared at a large and modern processing plant yielded these organisms, with levels below 1 log10 cfu/g. the hygienic status of factories significantly affected incidence and counts. of 39 presumptive isolates from glutamate starch penicillin agar, 36 were confirm ...	1999	10492481
a study of infectious intestinal disease in england: microbiological findings in cases and controls.	a study was undertaken to identify the microorganisms and toxins in stool specimens associated with infectious intestinal disease (iid) among cases in the community and presenting to general practitioners (gps) and in asymptomatic controls. population based cohorts were recruited from practice lists in 70 practices and followed for 26 weeks (cohort component). seven hundred and sixty-one cases of iid identified from the cohorts, 2893 cases who presented to gps in 34 of the practices (gp componen ...	1999	10402744