Publications

TitleAbstractYear(sorted ascending)
Filter
PMID
Filter
development of an improved selective and differential medium for isolation of salmonella spp.we describe an improved selective, differential, and cost-effective medium, xa medium, which contains d-arabinose, to facilitate the selective isolation of salmonella spp. the sensitivity and the specificity of xa medium were compared to those of xylose lysine desoxycholate agar (xld) using stock cultures and naturally contaminated food samples. xa medium and xld were evaluated with a total of 82 salmonella and 69 non-salmonella stock cultures. of 82 strains of salmonella spp. tested, 76 produce ...201222814469
comparative analysis of two broad-range pcr assays for pathogen detection in positive-blood-culture bottles: pcr-high-resolution melting analysis versus pcr-mass spectrometry.detection of pathogens in bloodstream infections is important for directing antimicrobial treatment, but current culture-based approaches can be problematic. broad-range pcr assays which target conserved genomic motifs for postamplification amplicon analysis permit detection of sepsis-causing pathogens. comparison of different broad-range assays is important for informing future implementation strategies. in this study, we compared positive-blood-culture bottles processed by pcr coupled to high- ...201222855511
outbreak of klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-2-producing k. pneumoniae sequence type 11 in taiwan in 2011.from june to september 2011, a total of 305 ertapenem-nonsusceptible enterobacteriaceae isolates (mics of ertapenem ≥ 1 μg/ml) were collected from 11 hospitals in different parts of taiwan. the mics of 12 antimicrobial agents against these isolates were determined using the broth microdilution method, and genes for carbapenemases were detected using pcr. genotypes of isolates possessing carbapenemase genes were identified by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and multilocus sequence typing. ...201222802253
genome sequence of citrobacter sp. strain a1, a dye-degrading bacterium.citrobacter sp. strain a1, isolated from a sewage oxidation pond, is a facultative aerobe and mesophilic dye-degrading bacterium. this organism degrades azo dyes efficiently via azo reduction and desulfonation, followed by the successive biotransformation of dye intermediates under an aerobic environment. here we report the draft genome sequence of citrobacter sp. a1.201222965102
a case of necrotizing pancreatitis subsequent to transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma.necrotizing pancreatitis is one of the rare complications of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (tace). necrotizing pancreatitis after tace may result from the development of ischemia caused by regurgitation of embolic materials into the vessels supplying the pancreas. we report a case of post-tace necrotizing pancreatitis with abscess formation in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma. the patient had suffered hepatic artery injury due to repetitive tace; during his 25th tace procedure ...201223091814
gut bacterial profile in patients newly diagnosed with treatment-naïve crohn's disease.the aim of this study was to define the composition of the gut bacterial flora in norwegian patients with early stage crohn's disease (cd).201223049264
association of complement c3 and interleukin-1 with foot infections in diabetic patients.the study of the bacteriological profile, the association of complement c3, interleukin-1beta, and zinc therapy of diabetic foot ulcers (type two) was investigated. twenty diabetics without foot ulcers (group i), 50 diabetics with foot ulcers (group ii), and 10 matched normal controls (group iii) were enrolled in this study. diabetic foot ulcers were mostly of grade 2. the most frequent organisms were clostridium spp., staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa and escherichia coli, respectiv ...201224688769
first canadian outbreak of enterobacteriaceae-expressing klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase type 3.organisms expressing klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (kpc) are found in several regions worldwide but are rarely detected in canada. the first outbreak of kpc-expressing strains of enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates in a university-affiliated hospital intensive care unit (icu) in canada is described.201223997777
rapid detection of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae.to rapidly identify carbapenemase producers in enterobacteriaceae, we developed the carba np test. the test uses isolated bacterial colonies and is based on in vitro hydrolysis of a carbapenem, imipenem. it was 100% sensitive and specific compared with molecular-based techniques. this rapid (<2 hours), inexpensive technique may be implemented in any laboratory.201222932472
prevalence and molecular characterization of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae in a pediatric patient population.very little is known about the prevalence and composition of various types of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (esbl) in pediatric patients. the aims of this study were the following: (i) to determine the prevalence of esbls among enterobacteriaceae in a tertiary-care pediatric population; (ii) to characterize the genetic composition of the identified esbl enzymes; and (iii) to determine the relative prevalence of ctx-m enzymes and escherichia coli st131 strains among esbl-producing isolates in th ...201222733062
multicenter evaluation of a sequence-based protocol for subtyping shiga toxins and standardizing stx nomenclature.when shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) strains emerged as agents of human disease, two types of toxin were identified: shiga toxin type 1 (stx1) (almost identical to shiga toxin produced by shigella dysenteriae type 1) and the immunologically distinct type 2 (stx2). subsequently, numerous stec strains have been characterized that express toxins with variations in amino acid sequence, some of which confer unique biological properties. these variants were grouped within the stx1 or stx ...201222760050
rapid detection of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae.enterobacterial strains producing clavulanic-acid-inhibited extended-spectrum β-lactamases (esbls) are increasingly reported worldwide. conventional detection of esbl production remains time-consuming (24 to 48 h). therefore, the esbl ndp (nordmann/dortet/poirel) test was developed for a rapid identification of esbls in enterobacteriaceae. this biochemical test was based on the in vitro detection of a cephalosporin (cefotaxime) hydrolysis that is inhibited by tazobactam addition. the esbl activi ...201222760052
comparison of four chromogenic culture media for carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae.four chromogenic media for carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae (cpe) and two selective broths were challenged with a collection of enterobacteriaceae with well-defined β-lactamases and 100 stool samples. with low inocula of 130 isolates of cpe, the sensitivities of the four chromogenic media were as follows: brilliance cre, 78%; chromid carba, 91%; chromid esbl, 96%; and colorex kpc, 56%. the corresponding sensitivities of trypticase soy broth plus ertapenem or meropenem were 78% and 47%, ...201222760041
detection of carbapenemases in enterobacteriaceae by a commercial multiplex pcr.a commercial multiplex pcr (hyplex superbug id) was tested with a collection of 132 clinical enterobacteriaceae strains producing different carbapenemases. the sensitivity for the detection of kpc-, vim-, ndm-, and oxa-48-encoding genes was 100%, whereas two imp variants were missed.201222785190
multiplex t-rflp allows for increased target number and specificity: detection of salmonella enterica and six species of listeria in a single test.a multiplex t-rflp test was developed to detect and identify salmonella enterica and all six species of listeria inoculated into milk at minimal levels. extensive in silico analysis was used to design a fifteen-primer, six-amplimer methodology and in vitro application showed target organism dna, when amplified individually, yielded the predicted terminal restriction fragments (trfs) following digestion. non-target organisms were either not-amplified or yielded trfs which did not interfere with t ...201222937073
high prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections among patients with cirrhosis at a us liver center.there are limited data on the prevalence or predictors of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections (ar-bi) in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis in north america. exposure to systemic antibiotics is a risk factor for ar-bi; however, little is known about the effects of the increasingly used oral nonabsorbed antibiotics.201222902776
ampc β-lactamases in nosocomial isolates of klebsiella pneumoniae from india.ampc β-lactamases are clinically significant since these confer resistance to cephalosporins in the oxyimino group, 7-α methoxycephalosporins and are not affected by available β-lactamase inhibitors. in this study we looked for both extended spectrum β-lactamases (esbl) and ampc β-lactamases in klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates.201222960890
evaluation of a single procedure allowing the isolation of enteropathogenic yersinia along with other bacterial enteropathogens from human stools.enteropathogenic yersinia are among the most frequent agents of human diarrhea in temperate and cold countries. however, the incidence of yersiniosis is largely underestimated because of the peculiar growth characteristics of pathogenic yersinia, which make their isolation from poly-contaminated samples difficult. the use of specific procedures for yersinia isolation is required, but is expensive and time consuming, and therefore is not systematically performed in clinical pathology laboratories ...201222911756
therapeutic challenges of esbls and ampc beta-lactamase producers in a tertiary care center.resistance to broad-spectrum beta lactams mediated by extended spectrum beta lactamases (esbls) and ampc beta lactamases (ampc βls) enzymes is an increasing problem worldwide. determination of their prevalence is essential to formulate an effective antibiotic policy and hospital infection control measures. present study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of esbl and ampc βl producers in icu of a tertiary care center.201224532926
therapeutic challenges of esbls and ampc beta-lactamase producers in a tertiary care center.resistance to broad-spectrum beta lactams mediated by extended spectrum beta lactamases (esbls) and ampc beta lactamases (ampc βls) enzymes is an increasing problem worldwide. determination of their prevalence is essential to formulate an effective antibiotic policy and hospital infection control measures. present study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of esbl and ampc βl producers in icu of a tertiary care center.201224532926
a solid organising cryptogenic liver abscess and its association with a colonic tubullovillous adenoma.cryptogenic liver abscess (cla) is a well-known disease entity that has puzzled clinicians for centuries. with the advancement of diagnostic modalities, comes the decreasing incidence of liver abscess labelled as 'cryptogenic' in nature. colonic diseases have been identified as a possible underlying condition found in patients with liver abscesses. although rare, tubullovillous adenomas have been implicated as one of the colonic causes of a cla. we present a case of a cla in a 53-year-old man wi ...201222778477
development of probiotic candidate in combination with essential oils from medicinal plant and their effect on enteric pathogens: a review.medicinal plants and probiotics both have very high potential in terms of their antimicrobial activity against antibiotic-resistant enteric pathogens. the probiotics being enteric microorganism do not have any parasitic effect on human beings. they have been an integral part of daily food for centuries. they have been shown to have health beneficiary properties. the probiotics retard the growth of the microorganisms, while essential oil kills them. combining the effect of medicinal plant extract ...201222811700
isolation and identification of a bacteriocin with antibacterial and antibiofilm activity from citrobacter freundii.multi- and pan-antibiotic-resistant bacteria area major health challenge in hospital settings. furthermore,when susceptible bacteria establish surface-attached biofilm populations, they become recalcitrant to antimicrobial therapy. therefore, there is a need for novel antimicrobials that are effective against multi-drug-resistant and surface-attached bacteria. a screen to identify prokaryote-derived antimicrobials from a panel of over 100 bacterial strains was performed. one compound isolated fr ...201222290290
strategy for rapid identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing of gram-negative bacteria directly recovered from positive blood cultures using the bruker maldi biotyper and the bd phoenix system.decreasing the time to species identification and antibiotic susceptibility determination of strains recovered from patients with bacteremia significantly decreases morbidity and mortality. herein, we validated a method to identify gram-negative bacteria directly from positive blood culture medium using the bruker maldi biotyper and to rapidly perform susceptibility testing using the bd phoenix.201222518850
vac® for external fixation of flail chest.a large aterior chest wall defect following tumor resection was reconstructed with a gore-tex® membrane and a combined musculocutaneous rectus femoris and tensor fasciae latae free flap. subsequent paradoxical respiration impeded weaning from the ventilator. appliance of vacuum assisted closure® (vac®) resulted in immediate chest wall stability and a decrease in the patient's need for respiratory support. shortly thereafter, the vac® was discontinued and the patient was discharged from the inten ...201224765464
integrative biological hydrogen production: an overview.biological hydrogen (h2) production by dark and photo-fermentative organisms is a promising area of research for generating bioenergy. a large number of organisms have been widely studied for producing h2 from diverse feeds, both as pure and as mixed cultures. however, their h2 producing efficiencies have been found to vary (from 3 to 8 mol/mol hexose) with physiological conditions, type of organisms and composition of feed (starchy waste from sweet potato, wheat, cassava and algal biomass). the ...201224426072
integrative biological hydrogen production: an overview.biological hydrogen (h2) production by dark and photo-fermentative organisms is a promising area of research for generating bioenergy. a large number of organisms have been widely studied for producing h2 from diverse feeds, both as pure and as mixed cultures. however, their h2 producing efficiencies have been found to vary (from 3 to 8 mol/mol hexose) with physiological conditions, type of organisms and composition of feed (starchy waste from sweet potato, wheat, cassava and algal biomass). the ...201224426072
antibacterial activity of silver-doped hydroxyapatite nanoparticles against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.ag-doped nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (ag:hap-nps) (ca10-xagx(po4)6(oh)2, xag = 0.05, 0.2, and 0.3) with antibacterial properties are of great interest in the development of new products. coprecipitation method is a promising route for obtaining nanocrystalline ag:hap with antibacterial properties. x-ray diffraction identified hap as an unique crystalline phase in each sample. the calculated lattice constants of a = b = 9.435 å, c = 6.876 å for xag = 0.05, a = b = 9.443 å, c = 6. ...201222721352
treatment and clinical outcomes of urinary tract infections caused by kpc-producing enterobacteriaceae in a retrospective cohort.optimal treatment regimens for infections caused by klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (kpc)-producing enterobacteriaceae are not well-defined.201222691610
mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyra and parc in enterobacteriaceae isolates from brazil.mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (qrdr) in chromosomal gyra and parc genes and fluoroquinolone susceptibility profiles were investigated in quinolone-resistant enterobacteriaceae isolated from community and hospitalized patients in the brazilian southeast region. a total of 112 nalidixic acid-resistant enterobacterial isolates collected from 2000 to 2005 were investigated for mutations in the topoisomerases genes gyra and parc by amplifying and sequencing the qrdr region ...201224031957
fermentation and enzyme treatments for sorghum.sorghum (sorghum bicolor moench) is the fifth most produced cereal worldwide. however, some varieties of this cereal contain antinutritional factors, such as tannins and phytate that may form stable complexes with proteins and minerals which decreases digestibility and nutritional value. the present study sought to diminish antinutritional tannins and phytate present in sorghum grains. three different treatments were studied for that purpose, using enzymes tannase (945 u/kg sorghum), phytase (26 ...201224031807
bioconversion of glycerol for bioethanol production using isolated escherichia coli ss1.bioconverting glycerol into various valuable products is one of glycerol's promising applications due to its high availability at low cost and the existence of many glycerol-utilizing microorganisms. bioethanol and biohydrogen, which are types of renewable fuels, are two examples of bioconverted products. the objectives of this study were to evaluate ethanol production from different media by local microorganism isolates and compare the ethanol fermentation profile of the selected strains to use ...201224031858
comparison of thermotolerant coliforms and escherichia coli densities in freshwater bodies.fecal bacterial indicator analyses have been widely used for monitoring the water quality. this study was designed to determine the ratio between the density of escherichia coli and other thermotolerant coliforms (ttc) bacteria from freshwater samples collected for a two-year period of monitoring. ttc were enumerated by membrane filtration on mfc agar. e. coli enumeration was done by two methods: ttc colonies identified in mfc were inoculated in ec-mug or water samples were filtered and inoculat ...201224031879
pilot randomized controlled dosing study of cranberry capsules for reduction of bacteriuria plus pyuria in female nursing home residents. 201222690994
rapid detection of the top six non-o157 shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli o groups in ground beef by flow cytometry.rapid, sensitive, and highly specific flow-cytometric assays were developed for the detection of the top six non-o157 shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) o groups in ground beef. the analytical sensitivity of the assays was 2 × 10(3) target cells in a bacterial mixture of 10(5) cfu/ml, and the limit of detection in ground beef was 1 to 10 cfu following 8 h of enrichment. the assays may be utilized for rapid detection of stec o groups in meat.201222493328
esbl-positive enterobacteria isolates in drinking water. 201222608263
genetic analysis of the cronobacter sakazakii o4 to o7 o-antigen gene clusters and development of a pcr assay for identification of all c. sakazakii o serotypes.the gram-negative bacterium cronobacter sakazakii is an emerging food-borne pathogen that causes severe invasive infections in neonates. variation in the o-antigen lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane provides the basis for gram-negative bacteria serotyping. the o-antigen serotyping scheme for c. sakazakii, which includes seven serotypes (o1 to o7), has been recently established, and the o-antigen gene clusters and specific primers for three c. sakazakii serotypes (o1, o2, and o3) have been ...201222447597
combining intermediate levels of the endotoxin activity assay (eaa) with other biomarkers in the assessment of patients with sepsis: results of an observational study.the endotoxin activity assay (eaa) is a useful test to risk stratify patients with severe sepsis and assess for gram negative infection. however, the significance of intermediate levels of eaa (0.4-0.59) at the bedside has not been well elucidated. the purpose of this study was to interpret intermediate eaa levels in clinical practice.201222607642
molecular determinants responsible for recognition of the single-stranded dna regulatory sequence, χ, by recbcd enzyme.the recbcd enzyme is important for both restriction of foreign dna and recombinational dna repair. switching enzyme function from the destructive antiviral state to the productive recombinational state is regulated by the recombination hotspot, χ (5'-gctggtgg-3'). recognition of χ is unique in that it is recognized as a specific sequence within single-stranded dna (ssdna) during dna translocation and unwinding by recbcd. the molecular determinants of χ recognition and the subsequent alteration i ...201222603794
mathematical model of plasmid-mediated resistance to ceftiofur in commensal enteric escherichia coli of cattle.antimicrobial use in food animals may contribute to antimicrobial resistance in bacteria of animals and humans. commensal bacteria of animal intestine may serve as a reservoir of resistance-genes. to understand the dynamics of plasmid-mediated resistance to cephalosporin ceftiofur in enteric commensals of cattle, we developed a deterministic mathematical model of the dynamics of ceftiofur-sensitive and resistant commensal enteric escherichia coli (e. coli) in the absence of and during parenteral ...201222615803
increasing prevalence of esbl production among irish clinical enterobacteriaceae from 2004 to 2008: an observational study.extended spectrum β-lactamase (esbl) producing enterobacteriaceae infections are associated with delayed initiation of appropriate treatment, poor outcomes and increased hospital stay and expense. although initially associated with healthcare settings, more recent international reports have shown increasing isolation of esbls in the community. both hospital and community esbl epidemiology in ireland are poorly defined.201222587773
biological activities of extracts from cultivated granadilla passiflora alata.research conducted in this study showed the influence of ethanol, acetone and ethyl acetate extracts of the outgrowth of cultivated passiflora alata on microorganisms, as well as the antioxidant activity and the concentrations of total phenols, flavonoids and tannins. in vitro antimicrobial activities of extracts were studied on 27 species of microorganisms, of which 17 species of bacteria and 10 species of fungi. the strongest antimicrobial activity was detected on g+ bacteria while the activit ...201227385958
etiologic profile and antimicrobial susceptibility of community-acquired urinary tract infection in two cameroonian towns.urinary tract infection (uti) represents one of the most common diseases encountered in community medical practice. in resource poor settings, treatment is usually empiric due to the high cost and long duration required for reporting diagnosis by culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing. with the growing problem of drug resistance knowledge of antibiotic susceptibility pattern is pertinent for successful eradication of invading pathogens. our study, the first of its kind in cameroon, analyz ...201222564344
antibacterial activity of statins: a comparative study of atorvastatin, simvastatin, and rosuvastatin.statins have several effects beyond their well-known antihyperlipidemic activity, which include immunomodulatory, antioxidative and anticoagulant effects. in this study, we have tested the possible antimicrobial activity of statins against a range of standard bacterial strains and bacterial clinical isolates.201222564676
host-pathogen checkpoints and population bottlenecks in persistent and intracellular uropathogenic escherichia coli bladder infection.bladder infections affect millions of people yearly, and recurrent symptomatic infections (cystitis) are very common. the rapid increase in infections caused by multidrug-resistant uropathogens threatens to make recurrent cystitis an increasingly troubling public health concern. uropathogenic escherichia coli (upec) cause the vast majority of bladder infections. upon entry into the lower urinary tract, upec face obstacles to colonization that constitute population bottlenecks, reducing diversity ...201222404313
heat stable antimicrobial activity of burkholderia gladioli or1 against clinical drug resistant isolates.drug resistant microbes are a serious challenge to human health. during the search for novel antibiotics/inhibitors from the agricultural soil, a bacterial colony was found to inhibit the growth of clinical isolates including staphylococcus (resistant to amikacin, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, clinafloxacin, erythromycin, gentamicin and methicillin) and candida (resistant to fluconazole and itraconazole). the culture was identified as burkholderia gladioli and produced at least five different anti ...201222771597
fecal carriage of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae: a hidden reservoir in hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients.fecal carriage of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae (cpe) has not been extensively investigated, except in the cases of selected patients at risk, mostly during outbreaks. a total of 1,100 fecal samples randomly collected in our institution in two different periods in 2006 (n = 600) and 2009-2010 (n = 500) from hospitalized (26.8%) and nonhospitalized (73.2%) patients were screened for cpe. the first period coincided with an outbreak of vim-1-producing enterobacteriaceae, and the second ...201222403422
a vapbc toxin-antitoxin module is a posttranscriptional regulator of metabolic flux in mycobacteria.the largest family of toxin-antitoxin (ta) modules are encoded by the vapbc operons, but their roles in bacterial physiology remain enigmatic. microarray analysis in mycobacterium smegmatis overexpressing vapc/vapbc revealed a high percentage of downregulated genes with annotated roles in carbon transport and metabolism, suggesting that vapc was targeting specific metabolic mrna transcripts. to validate this hypothesis, purified vapc was used to identify the rna cleavage site in vitro. vapc had ...201222366418
in vitro efficacy of diallyl sulfides against the periodontopathogen aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.the in vitro antibacterial effects of diallyl sulfide (das) against the gram-negative periodontopathogen aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, the key etiologic agent of the severe form of localized aggressive periodontitis and other nonoral infections, were studied. a. actinomycetemcomitans was treated with garlic extract, allicin, or das, and the anti-a. actinomycetemcomitans effects of the treatment were evaluated. garlic extract, allicin, and das significantly inhibited the growth of a. act ...201222330917
endoscopic submucosal dissection for removal of superficial gastrointestinal neoplasms: a technical review.endoscopic submucosal dissection (esd) is now the most common endoscopic treatment in japan for intramucosal gastrointestinal neoplasms (non-metastatic). esd is an invasive endoscopic surgical procedure, requiring extensive knowledge, skill, and specialized equipment. esd starts with evaluation of the lesion, as accurate assessment of the depth and margin of the lesion is essential. the devices and strategies used in esd vary, depending on the nature of the lesion. prior to the procedure, the op ...201222523613
ctx-m enzymes: origin and diffusion.ctx-m β-lactamases are considered a paradigm in the evolution of a resistance mechanism. incorporation of different chromosomal bla(ctx-m) related genes from different species of kluyvera has derived in different ctx-m clusters. in silico analyses have shown that this event has occurred at least nine times; in ctx-m-1 cluster (3), ctx-m-2 and ctx-m-9 clusters (2 each), and ctx-m-8 and ctx-m-25 clusters (1 each). this has been mainly produced by the participation of genetic mobilization units suc ...201222485109
novel colicin fy of yersinia frederiksenii inhibits pathogenic yersinia strains via yiur-mediated reception, tonb import, and cell membrane pore formation.a novel colicin type, designated colicin fy, was found to be encoded and produced by the strain yersinia frederiksenii y27601. colicin fy was active against both pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains of the genus yersinia. plasmid yf27601 (5,574 bp) of y. frederiksenii y27601 was completely sequenced. the colicin fy activity gene (cfya) and the colicin fy immunity gene (cfyi) were identified. the deduced amino acid sequence of colicin fy was very similar in its c-terminal pore-forming domain to c ...201222343298
emergence of oxa-48-type carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae in german hospitals.nine carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae isolates collected from eight patients in five german hospitals were investigated. six isolates produced the oxa-48 carbapenemase, and three isolates produced oxa-162, which is a point mutant form of oxa-48. both carbapenemase genes were located on incl/m-type conjugative plasmids. insertion sequence is1999 (truncated or not by is1r) was located upstream of the bla(oxa-48) and bla(oxa-162) genes in all of the isolates. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis ...201222290940
better function for fusions versus above-the-knee amputations for recurrent periprosthetic knee infection.treatment of chronic periprosthetic joint infections (pjis) after tka is limited to fusions, above-the-knee amputations (akas), revision tka, and antibiotic suppression and is often based on the patient's medical condition. however, when both fusion and aka are options, it is important to compare these two procedures with regard to function.201222451336
isolation and characterization of cytotoxic, aggregative citrobacter freundii.citrobacter freundii is an infrequent but established cause of diarrhea in humans. however, little is known of its genetic diversity and potential for virulence. we analyzed 26 isolates, including 12 from human diarrheal patients, 2 from human fecal samples of unknown diarrheal status, and 12 from animals, insects, and other sources. pulsed field gel electrophoresis using xbai allowed us to divide the 26 isolates into 20 pulse types, while multi-locus sequence typing using 7 housekeeping genes a ...201222470435
a high-throughput screen for the engineered production of β-lactam antibiotics.high-throughput screens and selections have had profound impact on our ability to engineer proteins possessing new, desired properties. these methods are especially useful when applied to the modification of existing enzymes to create natural and unnatural products. in an advance upon existing methods we developed a high-throughput, genetically regulated screen for the in vivo production of β-lactam antibiotics using a green fluorescent protein (gfp) reporter. this assay proved reliable and sens ...201222428872
engineered protein nano-compartments for targeted enzyme localization.compartmentalized co-localization of enzymes and their substrates represents an attractive approach for multi-enzymatic synthesis in engineered cells and biocatalysis. sequestration of enzymes and substrates would greatly increase reaction efficiency while also protecting engineered host cells from potentially toxic reaction intermediates. several bacteria form protein-based polyhedral microcompartments which sequester functionally related enzymes and regulate their access to substrates and othe ...201222428024
proportion of extended-spectrum ß-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae in community setting in ngaoundere, cameroon.there is no information regarding the resistance mechanisms of extended-spectrum ß-lactamase (esbl)-producing enterobacteriaceae in community setting in cameroon. the current study aimed to determine the proportion of esbls in enterobacteriaceae isolated in the community and to analyse some risk factors associated with esbl carriage.201222405322
[infectious peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis at rabat university hospital: bacteriological profile over three years]. 201222593777
conserved phosphoryl transfer mechanisms within kinase families and the role of the c8 proton of atp in the activation of phosphoryl transfer.the kinome is made up of a large number of functionally diverse enzymes, with the classification indicating very little about the extent of the conserved kinetic mechanisms associated with phosphoryl transfer. it has been demonstrated that c8-h of atp plays a critical role in the activity of a range of kinase and synthetase enzymes.201222397702
a case of enterocutaneous fistula diagnosed with tc-99m dtpa fistulography using hybrid spect/ct.enterocutaneous fistula (ecf) is a communication between the bowel lumen and the skin, which especially occurs post-operatively and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. correct diagnosis and anatomical information of ecf are crucial for a patient's management. here, we present a case of ecf clearly diagnosed by hybrid single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (spect/ct). a 61-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with persistent pus discharge from a su ...201224900043
salmonella identification from foods in eight hours: a prototype study with salmonella typhimurium.the significant rise in food borne infections is mainly caused by campylobacter spp., salmonella serovars and verotoxigenic escherichia coli. as the emerging food borne pathogens cause disease, more studies have been conducted for rapid detection of these pathogens. the combination of immunomagnetic separation and polymerase chain reaction (ims-pcr) is the most accurate and rapid test preferred by almost every researcher. fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ftir) is preferred for being a ne ...201222783456
helicobacter pylori in thai patients with cholangiocarcinoma and its association with biliary inflammation and proliferation.to investigate whether helicobacter spp. infection and the caga of h. pylori are associated with hepatobiliary pathology, specifically biliary inflammation, cell proliferation and cholangiocarcinoma (cca).201222321036
mouse housing system using pressurized cages intraventilated by direct-current microfans.we performed the initial assessment of an alternative pressurized intraventilated (piv) caging system for laboratory mice that uses direct-current microfans to achieve cage pressurization and ventilation. twenty-nine pairs of female spf balb/c mice were used, with 19 experimental pairs kept in piv cages and 10 control pairs kept in regular filter-top (ft) cages. both groups were housed in a standard housing room with a conventional atmospheric control system. for both systems, intracage temperat ...201222776117
expansion of clonal complex 258 kpc-2-producing klebsiella pneumoniae in latin american hospitals: report of the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program. 201222337899
simultaneous detection of multiple fish pathogens using a naked-eye readable dna microarray.we coupled 16s rdna pcr and dna hybridization technology to construct a microarray for simultaneous detection and discrimination of eight fish pathogens (aeromonas hydrophila, edwardsiella tarda, flavobacterium columnare, lactococcus garvieae, photobacterium damselae, pseudomonas anguilliseptica, streptococcus iniae and vibrio anguillarum) commonly encountered in aquaculture. the array comprised short oligonucleotide probes (30 mer) complementary to the polymorphic regions of 16s rrna genes for ...201222736973
isolation and identification of cellulolytic bacteria from the gut of holotrichia parallela larvae (coleoptera: scarabaeidae).in this study, 207 strains of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic cellulolytic bacteria were isolated from the gut of holotrichia parallela larvae. these bacterial isolates were assigned to 21 genotypes by amplified ribosomal dna restriction analysis (ardra). a partial 16s rdna sequence analysis and standard biochemical and physiological tests were used for the assignment of the 21 representative isolates. our results show that the cellulolytic bacterial community is dominated by the proteobacte ...201222489111
twenty years of antimicrobial resistance control programme in a regional multi hospital institution, with focus on emerging bacteria (vre and cpe). 201222958336
new delhi metallo-beta lactamase-1 containing enterobacteriaceae: origin, diagnosis, treatment and public health concern.one of the biggest problems associated with the antibiotic therapy is resistance. recently published studies have revealed that enterobacteriaceae, like e. coli and klebsiella, isolated from several indian centers are resistant to many antibiotics including some highly potent antibiotics like carbapenems. it has been proposed that this resistance is because of a carbapenemase enzyme called ndm-1 (new delhi metallo-betalactamase-1). this carbapenemase is class b carbapenemase also called metallol ...201222514756
loss of effector function of human cytolytic t lymphocytes is accompanied by major alterations in n- and o-glycosylation.most human tumors are not eliminated by the immune system, and therapeutic vaccination shows poor results, a fact that can be explained at least partially by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment that is abundant in galectin-3. on cytolytic t lymphocyte (ctl) clones, maintained in culture by regular stimulation, recently activated ctls present low effector functions. however, these functions are restored after a short treatment with lacnac. the latter, which is in agreement with the glycop ...201222334653
a rapid subtractive immunization method to prepare discriminatory monoclonal antibodies for food e. coli o157:h7 contamination.to detect food e. coli o157:h7 contamination rapidly and accurately, it is essential to prepare high specific monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against the pathogen. cyclophosphamide (cy)-mediated subtractive immunization strategy was performed in mice to generate mabs that react with e. coli o157:h7, but not with other affiliated bacteria. specificity of 19 mabs was evaluated by elisa and/or dot-immunogold filtration assay (digfa). immunogloubin typing, affinity and binding antigens of 5 selected ma ...201222347466
anoxic iron cycling bacteria from an iron sulfide- and nitrate-rich freshwater environment.in this study, both culture-dependent and culture-independent methods were used to determine whether the iron sulfide mineral- and nitrate-rich freshwater nature reserve het zwart water accommodates anoxic microbial iron cycling. molecular analyses (16s rrna gene clone library and fluorescence in situ hybridization, fish) showed that sulfur-oxidizing denitrifiers dominated the microbial population. in addition, bacteria resembling the iron-oxidizing, nitrate-reducing acidovorax strain brg1 accou ...201222347219
skin and soft tissue infections in patients with solid tumours.skin and soft tissue infections (sstis) in cancer patients represent a diagnostic challenge, as etiologic diagnosis is often missing, and clinical assessment of severity is difficult. few studies have described (sstis) in patients with solid tumours (sts).201222448140
microbiome complexity and staphylococcus aureus in chronic rhinosinusitis.the aim of this study was to compare microbiological culture-based and culture-independent (16s rrna gene sequencing) methodologies for pathogen identification in chronic rhinosinusitis (crs) patients. we hypothesized that bacterial culture and dna sequencing would yield largely concurrent results, although sequencing would detect greater bacterial diversity, and the sinonasal microbiomes of crs patients would differ in composition and diversity compared with non-crs controls.201222253013
molecular description of plasmid-mediated ampc β-lactamases among nosocomial isolates of escherichia coli & klebsiella pneumoniae from six different hospitals in india.plasmid mediated ampc β-lactamase (pmabl) resistance in escherichia coli and klebsiella spp. is an emerging problem worldwide. phenotypic methods are commonly used for detection of pmabl production in gram-negative isolates, but molecular data about the prevalence of plasmid-mediated ampc-type resistance at the national level are needed. hence, a prospective study was undertaken to determine the occurrence of pmabl gene and its types among clinical isolates of e. coli and k. pneumoniae obtained ...201222382192
[gram-negative bacteria influence on the ability of the arginine-vasotocin to stimulate osmotic permeability of the frog urinary bladder epithelium].the influence of endogenous gram-negative bacteria colonizing the mucosal epithelium of frog rana temporaria l. urinary bladders (fub) on arginine-vasotocin avt-stimulated osmotic water flow in isolated urinary bladders was investigated. 170 animals were examined and only 40% were contaminated with gram-negative bacteria (about 10(3)-10(6) cfu per hemibladder). several enterobacteriaceae species were identified (hafnia alvei, 36.7%, e. coli, 32.3%, serratia marcescens, 8.8%, citrobacter freundii ...201222834340
antibiotic therapy for inducible ampc β-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacilli: what are the alternatives to carbapenems, quinolones and aminoglycosides?some bacteria that possess chromosomally determined ampc β-lactamases may express these enzymes at a high level following exposure to β-lactams, either by induction or selection for derepressed mutants. this may lead to clinical failure even if an isolate initially tests susceptible in vitro, a phenomenon best characterised by third-generation cephalosporin therapy for enterobacter bacteraemia or meningitis. several other enterobacteriaceae, such as serratia marcescens, citrobacter freundii, pro ...201222824371
morphological analysis of biofilm of peritoneal dialysis catheter in refractory peritonitis patient.a 66-year-old man undergoing peritoneal dialysis (pd) was admitted to our hospital for treatment of pd-related peritonitis. culture of the pd fluid revealed the presence of citrobacter freundii, and therapy with ceftazidime was started intraperitoneally. the cell count in pd fluid slowly decreased over time during the first 2 weeks of treatment, but increased again on the 14th hospital day. a second culture of the pd fluid revealed the presence of enterococcus species. a switch in antibiotic the ...201228509153
aptamer-based viability impedimetric sensor for bacteria.the development of an aptamer-based viability impedimetric sensor for bacteria (aptavisens-b) is presented. highly specific dna aptamers to live salmonella typhimurium were selected via the cell-systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (selex) technique. twelve rounds of selection were performed; each comprises a positive selection step against viable s. typhimurium and a negative selection step against heat killed s. typhimurium and a mixture of related pathogens, including sal ...201223075417
dissemination of incfii(k)-type plasmids in multiresistant ctx-m-15-producing enterobacteriaceae isolates from children in hospital paediatric oncology wards.in this study, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (esbl)-producing enterobacteriaceae isolates in children with malignancies hospitalised at a paediatric oncology department in the czech republic were investigated. from june 2009 to january 2010, a total of 50 esbl-producing faecal isolates of enterobacteriaceae were obtained from 28 patients. these isolates were characterised with regard to esbl enzymes, plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes, multilocus sequence typing (mlst) and plasmids conf ...201223043911
aptamer-based impedimetric sensor for bacterial typing.the development of an aptamer-based impedimetric sensor for typing of bacteria (aist-b) is presented. highly specific dna aptamers to salmonella enteritidis were selected via cell-selex technique. twelve rounds of selection were performed; each comprises a positive selection step against s. enteritidis and a negative selection step against a mixture of related pathogens, including salmonella typhimurium, escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and citrobacter freundii, t ...201222971146
[investigation of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants in enterobacteriaceae: a multicenter study].fluoroquinolones which are in use since 1986, are effective agents both against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. quinolones show bactericidal effect as a result of inhibition of dna gyrase and topoisomerase iv enzymes. main quinolone resistance mechanisms are chromosomal mutations in these enzymes and decreased intracellular accumulation due to efflux pumps or decreased membrane uptake. recently a new quinolone resistance mechanism mediated by plasmids has been defined. these plasmids c ...201222951649
emergence of carbapenem-resistant oxa-48 carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae in tunisia.we screened 21 extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae with reduced susceptibility to carbapenems for carbapenemase production. five strains (four klebsiella pneumoniae and one citrobacter freundii) showed carbapenemase production, which was identified as oxa-48. the bla(oxa-48) gene was detected on ~54 kb plasmids belonging to inca/c in one case. two isolates harboured is1999, which is involved in bla(oxa-48) mobilization. carbapenem resistance in enterobacteria should be reg ...201222918869
emergence of ndm-1- and imp-14a-producing enterobacteriaceae in thailand.to detect carbapenemases in clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae collected from patients in a university hospital in thailand between october 2010 and august 2011.201222796889
[isolation and identification of citrobacter freundii from diseased giant salamander, andrias davidianus].to determine the pathogenic bacterium infecting giant salamander (andrias davidianus).201222586994
structures of a unique o-polysaccharide of edwardsiella tarda pcm 1153 containing an amide of galacturonic acid with 2-aminopropane-1,3-diol and an abequose-containing o-polysaccharide shared by e. tarda pcm 1145, pcm 1151 and pcm 1158.lipopolysaccharides of four strains of edwardsiella tarda were degraded by mild acid hydrolysis, and the released o-polysaccharides were isolated by gpc and studied by sugar and methylation analyses along with (1)h and (13)c nmr spectroscopy, including 2d (1)h, (1)h cosy, tocsy, roesy, (1)h, (13)c hmbc, hsqc and hsqc-tocsy experiments. the o-polysaccharide from e. tarda pcm 1153 was found to contain d-gala, d-glcnac, d-gal and 2-amino-1,3-propanediol (gron). in the tetrasaccharide repeating unit ...201222578768
enterobacteriaceae producing the kpc-2 carbapenemase from hospital sewage.fifteen isolates with reduced susceptibility to meropenem were obtained from hospital sewage. they contained bla(kpc-2) and belonged to multiple clones of citrobacter freundii or enterobacter cloacae. bla(kpc-2) was commonly carried by self-transmissible plasmids with different ecori-restricted patterns. tn2 was identified upstream of bla(kpc-2), while iskpn6 lay downstream. hospital sewage could be an important reservoir of bla(kpc-2) and warrants more studies.201222463869
pathway redesign for deoxyviolacein biosynthesis in citrobacter freundii and characterization of this pigment.violacein (vio) is an important purple pigment with many potential bioactivities. deoxyviolacein, a structural analog of vio, is always synthesized in low concentrations with vio in wild-type bacteria. due to deoxyviolacein's low production and difficulties in isolation and purification, little has been learned regarding its function and potential applications. this study was the first effort in developing a stable and efficient biosynthetic system for producing pure deoxyviolacein. a recombinan ...201222391969
in vitro susceptibilities of clinical isolates of ertapenem-non-susceptible enterobacteriaceae to cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefepime and aztreonam.to investigate the in vitro susceptibility of ertapenem-non-susceptible enterobacteriaceae (ense) isolates to cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefepime and aztreonam.201222345386
environmental contamination with extended-spectrum β-lactamases: is there any difference between escherichia coli and klebsiella spp?the hospital environment contributes to the spread of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (esbl)-producing enterobacteriaceae (esbl-pe) during outbreaks. we aimed to assess the rate of environmental contamination in rooms occupied by esbl carriers or infected children and to identify risk factors associated with contamination.201222325483
the bactericidal activity of normal human serum against enterobacteriaceae rods with lipopolysaccharides possessing o-antigens composed of mannan.the susceptibility of bacteria to the bactericidal activity of serum depends on the structure and organization of the bacterial outer membrane. it is known that the structure of the o-specific polysaccharide chain of lipopolysaccharide (lps) plays an important role in the resistance of bacteria to host immune defenses.201223214191
citrobacter infection and wnt signaling.gut flora generally contributes to a healthy environment while both commensal and pathogenic bacteria that influence the innate and adaptive immune responses, can cause acute and/or chronic mucosal inflammation. citrobacter rodentium (c. rodentium) is a member of the family of enteropathogens that provide an excellent in vivo model to investigate the host-pathogen interactions in real-time. it is the etiologic agent for transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia (tmch) while inflammation following ...201224358033
prospective evaluation of a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry system in a hospital clinical microbiology laboratory for identification of bacteria and yeasts: a bench-by-bench study for assessing the impact on time to identification and cost-effectiveness.matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) has been found to be an accurate, rapid, and inexpensive method for the identification of bacteria and yeasts. previous evaluations have compared the accuracy, time to identification, and costs of the maldi-tof ms method against standard identification systems or commercial panels. in this prospective study, we compared a protocol incorporating maldi-tof ms (maldi protocol) with the current standard ident ...201222855510
insight into the bacterial gut microbiome of the north american moose (alces alces).the work presented here provides the first intensive insight into the bacterial populations in the digestive tract of the north american moose (alces alces). eight free-range moose on natural pasture were sampled, producing eight rumen samples and six colon samples. second generation (g2) phylochips were used to determine the presence of hundreds of operational taxonomic units (otus), representing multiple closely related species/strains (>97% identity), found in the rumen and colon of the moose ...201222992344
automated detection of toxigenic clostridium difficile in clinical samples: isothermal tcdb amplification coupled to array-based detection.clostridium difficile can carry a genetically variable pathogenicity locus (paloc), which encodes clostridial toxins a and b. in hospitals and in the community at large, this organism is increasingly identified as a pathogen. to develop a diagnostic test that combines the strengths of immunoassays (cost) and dna amplification assays (sensitivity/specificity), we targeted a genetically stable paloc region, amplifying tcdb sequences and detecting them by hybridization capture. the assay employs a ...201222675134
antimicrobial activities of fidaxomicin.fidaxomicin is bactericidal against clostridium difficile. the combined results of 8 in vitro studies of 1323 c. difficile isolates showed the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) range of fidaxomicin to be ≤ 0.001-1 μg/ml, with a maximum mic for inhibition of 90% of organisms (mic(90)) of 0.5 μg/ml. isolates from 2 phase iii clinical trials demonstrated that fidaxomicin mics of baseline isolates did not predict clinical cure, failure, or recurrence of c. difficile infections. no resistance to ...201222752863
towards a pathogenic escherichia coli detection platform using multiplex sybr®green real-time pcr methods and high resolution melting analysis.escherichia coli is a group of bacteria which has raised a lot of safety concerns in recent years. five major intestinal pathogenic groups have been recognized amongst which the verocytotoxin or shiga-toxin (stx1 and/or stx2) producing e. coli (vtec or stec respectively) have received a lot of attention recently. indeed, due to the high number of outbreaks related to vtec strains, the european food safety authority (efsa) has requested the monitoring of the "top-five" serogroups (o26, o103, o111 ...201222761753
highly sensitive detection of staphylococcus aureus directly from patient blood.rapid detection of bloodstream infections (bsis) can be lifesaving. we investigated the sample processing and assay parameters necessary for highly-sensitive detection of bloodstream bacteria, using staphylococcus aureus as a model pathogen and an automated fluidic sample processing-polymerase chain reaction (pcr) platform as a model diagnostic system.201222363564
antibacterial and antifungal activities of new acylated derivatives of epigallocatechin gallate.(-)-epigallocatechin-3-o-gallate (egcg) has useful antiviral, antimicrobial, antitoxin, and antitumor properties. previously, mori et al. (2008) found that addition of long acyl chains (c16-18) to egcg enhanced its anti-influenza virus activity up to 44-fold. the chemical stability of egcg against oxidative degradation was also enhanced by acylation. we further evaluated the in vitro activity spectrum of the egcg derivatives against a wide range of bacteria and fungi. a series of egcg o-acyl der ...201222355295
external quality assessment of national public health laboratories in africa, 2002-2009.to describe findings from an external quality assessment programme involving laboratories in africa that routinely investigate epidemic-prone diseases.201222461714
Refresh
firstprev
...21222324252627282930...
nextlast
Displaying items 2901 - 3000 of 4409