Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| 31p nuclear magnetic resonance studies on the phosphorus-containing metabolites of the developing embryos of a freshwater catfish, clarias batrachus (l.). | : changes in the phosphorus-containing metabolites were monitored by 31p nuclear magnetic resonance in the developing embryos of clarias batrachus. phosphomonoester, yolk phosphoprotein, phosphocreatine, atp, and inorganic phosphate (pi) were consistently observed in all the developmental stages of c. batrachus. none of these phosphometabolites exhibited any significant change in their concentration up to the blastula stage, whereas distinct decrease in all except inorganic phosphate was observe ... | 1999 | 10383996 |
| scaling of some metabolic enzymes in liver of a freshwater teleost: an adaptive mechanism. | the activities of mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (mmdh) and the total mitochondrial proteins increase as a function of body mass in the freshwater catfish, clarias batrachus. it clearly indicates an increase in energy production in larger-sized individuals for various purposes including prey-predator interactions. the higher activity of lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) in larger fish may indicate more production of lactate for gluconeogenesis in the liver to meet emergency requirements of increas ... | 1999 | 10685503 |
| effect of carbaryl on some biochemical constituents of the blood and liver of clarias batrachus, a fresh-water teleost. | carbaryl, a carbamate pesticide, (lc50 15.08 mg/l for 96 hr, i.e. lethal concentration with 50% mortality) induced perturbations in the levels of certain biochemical components including the activities of some enzymes in the blood and liver of the fresh-water catfish, clarias batrachus exposed to sublethal concentrations (1, 2 and 4 mg/l) of the pesticide for 96 hr and 15 days. the pesticide caused a decrease in the levels of total protein and glucose with a concomitant increase in the levels of ... | 1999 | 10478330 |
| effect of acute exposure of the organophosphate insecticide rogor on some biochemical aspects of clarias batrachus (linnaeus). | indian catfish (clarias batrachus), a common fish of commercial importance, was exposed to a sublethal concentration (1/3 of 96 h lc50 value) of rogor for periods ranging from 24 to 192 h. the changes in glycogen, lactate, lactate dehydrogenase, and glycogen phosphorylase (a, ab) contents of muscle tissue were studied. a gradual decrease in muscle glycogen and an increase in lactate contents were observed. the activity level of lactate dehydrogenase showed a sharp rise initially for 48 h followe ... | 1999 | 9931229 |
| role of thyroidal and testicular hormones in regulation of tissue respiration in male air-breathing fish, clarias batrachus (linn.). | in vivo and in vitro effects of thyroidal hormones (mit, dit, t3, t4), propyl thiouracil (ptu), testosterone and cyproterone acetate were studied on the rate of tissue (liver, muscle, kidney and brain) respiration of adult male c. batrachus during winter and summer/rainy seasons. monoiodotyrosine (mit) and diiodothyrosine (dit) increased the respiratory rate in a dose-dependent and temperature-independent manner. triiodothyronine (t3) and thyroxine (t4) stimulated tissue respiration during summe ... | 2000 | 11215315 |
| pesticide induced alterations of non-protein nitrogenous constituents in the serum of a fresh water cat fish, clarias batrachus (linn.). | a freshwater cat fish was exposed to sublethal concentrations of two pesticides--carbaryl, a carbamate and phorate, an organophosphorus pesticide for 24, 72, 120 and 168 hr. the alterations in the serum profile of non protein nitrogen compounds demonstrated an increase in urea, uric acid and creatinine throughout the experimental period. | 2000 | 11324161 |
| role of l-thyroxine, hydrocortisone and progesterone in regulation of blood volume in a fresh-water air-breathing fish, clarias batrachus (linn.). | effect of hormones on the blood volume of clarias batrachus were ascertained and it was observed l-thyroxine and progesterone decrease, while hydrocortisone increases the total and relative blood volumes. the ratio of plasma to corpuscular volume is increased by the intraperitoneal injection of l-thyroxine, hydrocortisone and progesterone (higher dose only), thus indicating the regulation of blood volume under the complex control of homeostasis. | 2000 | 85575 |
| changes in free amino acid synthesis in the perfused liver of an air-breathing walking catfish, clarias batrachus infused with ammonium chloride: a strategy to adapt under hyperammonia stress. | the changes in the free amino acid (faa) levels, the rate of efflux of faas from the perfused liver, and the activity of some enzymes related to amino acid metabolism such as glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh, both reductive amination and oxidative deamination), glutamine synthetase (gs), aspartate aminotransferase (ast), and alanine aminotransferase (alt) were studied in the liver of a freshwater air-breathing teleost, the walking catfish, clarias batrachus, perfused with 5 and 10 mm nh(4)cl. the le ... | 2000 | 10607365 |
| beta-adrenoceptor antagonists reinitiate meiotic maturation in clarias batrachus oocytes. | effects of beta-adrenoceptor antagonists propranolol and alprenolol in the oocyte maturation of the catfish (clarias batrachus) were investigated under in vitro. cyclic amp (camp) levels were also measured in the control, propranolol and phosphodiesterase (pde) inhibitor treated oocytes. when full-grown folliculated oocytes were cultured in vitro in the presence of different concentrations of propranolol or alprenolol, both the substances induced germinal vesicle breakdown (gvbd) in a dose-depen ... | 2000 | 10989342 |
| methallibure inhibition of testicular and seminal vesicle activity in catfish, clarias batrachus (linn.): a study correlating changes in serum sex steroid profiles. | the administration of methallibure (2 microg/g bw, daily for 15 days) in clarias batrachus in prespawning phase (may-june) resulted in decreased weights of seminal vesicle (sv) and testis, and reductions in the concentrations of total proteins, fructose, hexosamines, and sialic acid in sv and testis. the inhibitory changes can be attributed to impairment of steroidogenesis, serum levels of testosterone and estradiol -17beta decreased significantly. withdrawal of methallibure treatment for 7 and ... | 2000 | 10866360 |
| beta-endorphin and gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the forebrain and pituitary of the female catfish, clarias batrachus: double-immunolabeling study. | the role of beta-endorphin in modulating the gonadotropic action of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) is well established in mammals. although the information from teleosts also suggests that endogenous opioids modulate gnrh secretion and influence gonadotropic hormone release, the anatomical substrate in which opiate peptides and gnrh may interact has not been studied. herein we describe the mammalian gnrh- and beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivities in the olfactory system, forebrain, and p ... | 2000 | 10753565 |
| subcommissural organ-reissner's fiber complex of the teleost clarias batrachus responds to gaba treatment. | subcommissural organ (sco) is a highly specialized ependymal gland located in the roof of the third ventricle. the secretory products of the sco, which condense to form reissner's fiber (rf), were recently found to cross-react with the anti-calcitonin antibody. to understand the mechanisms regulating the formation of the rf and the possible function of these discrete structures, we studied the response of the sco-rf complex to intracranially administered gaba, using immunocytochemical labeling w ... | 2000 | 10678760 |
| cyclic amp-mediated control of oocyte maturation in the catfish, clarias batrachus (bloch): effects of 17 alpha,20 beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one and phosphodiesterase inhibitors. | an increase in the percentage of germinal vesicle breakdown (gvbd) with a corresponding decrease in camp was found in the oocytes which were incubated for 36 hr with different concentrations of 17 alpha,20 beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17 alpha,20 beta-dp). at its highest concentration (1 microgram/ml), 17 alpha,20 beta-dp induced 91.9 +/- 2.3% gvbd and decreased camp level to 0.8 +/- 0.1 pmol/oocyte from 2.9 +/- 0.2 pmol/oocyte (control). the two different known inhibitors of phosphodiesteras ... | 2000 | 11324167 |
| pituitary-gonadal relationship in the catfish clarias batrachus (l): a study correlating gonadotrophin-ii and sex steroid dynamics. | a heterologous radioimmunoassay was developed for measuring gonadotrophin-ii (gth-ii) in the catfish clarias batrachus. serum and/or pituitary levels of gth-ii showed significant annual/seasonal variations in male and female catfish, which could be correlated with both gonadosomatic index and/or serum testosterone level. gth-ii was not detected in resting phase, increased during gonadal recrudescence to peak values in late prespawning /spawning phases, and declined to low values in postspawning ... | 2000 | 18494596 |
| periovulatory changes in catfish ovarian oestradiol-17beta, oestrogen-2-hydroxylase and catechol-o-methyltransferase during gnrh analogue-induced ovulation and in vitro induction of oocyte maturation by catecholoestrogens. | in the catfish heteropneustes fossilis and clarias batrachus, ovarian oestrogen-2-hydroxylase (oe-2-h) activity increased significantly at 8 h after the injection of an ovulatory dose (0.15 microg/g body weight) of a mammalian gnrh analogue ([d -ala(6)-pro(9)]-lhrh ethylamide) and was restored to the 0 h (control) level after egg-stripping at 16 h. on the other hand, ovarian oestradiol-17beta (oe2) level and catechol-o-methyltransferase (comt) activity decreased significantly at 8 h. while the o ... | 2001 | 11182761 |
| glucagon-like immunoreactivity in the forebrain and pituitary of the teleost, clarias batrachus (linn.). | the organization of glucagon-like immunoreactivity (gli) in the olfactory system, forebrain, and pituitary was investigated in the teleost clarias batrachus. weak to moderate gli was seen in some olfactory receptor neurons and basal cells of the olfactory epithelium. intense gli was seen in the olfactory nerve fascicles that ran caudally to the bulb, spread over in the olfactory nerve layer, and profusely branched in the glomerular layer to form tufts organized as spherical neuropils; some of th ... | 2001 | 11161767 |
| effect of pesticides carbaryl and phorate on serum cholesterol level in fish, clarias batrachus (linn). | freshwater edible catfish clarias batrachus (linn.) was treated with sublethal concentration of two different groups of pesticides- carbaryl, a carbamate and phorate, an organophosphate for 24 ,72 ,120 and 168 h. the disorders of lipid metabolism were observed in serum. cholesterol levels in the serum decreased significantly throughout the exposure period with both the pesticides. these results indicate one significant manifestation of the toxic response from the fish under the stress of pestici ... | 2001 | 12017268 |
| carbofuran toxicity on total lipids and free fatty acids in air breathing fish during exposure and cessation of exposure--in vivo. | clarias batrachus, fish were exposed to sublethal concentration of commercial carbofuran for 144 hr. after 144 hr of exposure period, fish were transferred to fresh water and kept in the same for 144 hr in order to study the effect of carbofuran after cessation of intoxication. total lipids and free fatty acids were determined in liver, muscle kidney and ovary at an interval of 24, 72 and 144 hr during exposure and after the release into toxicant free water. total lipids increased in all the tis ... | 2001 | 11554484 |
| seasonal changes in beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity in the olfactory system of the female catfish, clarias batrachus (linn). | in the olfactory system of the catfish clarias batrachus, beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity was seen in several olfactory receptor neurons (orn) and their fiber projections extending caudally over the olfactory nerve to the olfactory bulb (ob). with beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity as a cellular marker, the olfactory system in the female fish was investigated at different stages of its annual reproductive cycle. the reproductive cycle of the fish is divisible into four distinct phases: pr ... | 2001 | 11482933 |
| effect of trypanosomes infection on blood ascorbic acid and serum aldolase levels on the fresh water fishes, clarias batrachus and heteropneustus fossilis. | the trypanosomes presence has been found to decrease blood ascorbic acid levels in fishes, clarias batrachus and heteropneustus fossilis by 55.7% and 54.70% respectively. the infection also showed significant increase in serum aldolase level of three fishes by 50.19% and 48.06% respectively. | 2001 | 11480356 |
| castration-induced hyperactivity of seminal vesicle in the catfish clarias batrachus: a case of paradox and blockade by antiandrogen (cyproterone acetate) treatment. | castration of the catfish clarias batrachus in late preparatory-early prespawning phase (april-may) caused time-dependent stimulatory effect on morphology, weight, and in the concentrations of biochemical correlates, such as total proteins, fructose, hexosamines and sialic acid in the seminal vesicle (sv). the peak changes were noticed on week 4 of castration. the hyperactivity was related to augmented production of testosterone by the sv of castrates with the levels significantly high from week ... | 2001 | 11396845 |
| role of two plasma vitellogenins from indian major carp (cirrhinus mrigala) in catfish (clarias batrachus) vitellogenesis. | complete vitellogenesis (synthesis and incorporation of vitellogenin, vg) in the female catfish, clarias batrachus, during different reproductive phases (preparatory, prespawning, and postspawning) of its annual ovarian cycle is induced by administering heterologous vg (semipurified; ult-i and purified; ha-i and ha-ii) isolated from the indian major carp, mrigal (cirrhinus mrigala). during the prespawning period, ult-i, which contains both ha-i and ha-ii, showed a dose-dependent response in rela ... | 2001 | 11703069 |
| effects of ovine lh, gh and prolactin, and testosterone on serum testosterone and estradiol-17 beta levels, and seminal vesicle and testicular activity in the catfish clarias batrachus (l.). | intraperitoneal administrations of testosterone (0.5 microgram/g body wt), and ovine lh (1.0 microgram/g body wt), gh (5 micrograms/g body wt) and prolactin (10 micrograms/g body wt) daily for 7 days during early prespawning phase (may) in c. batrachus produced varied effects on seminal vesicle (svsi) and testicular (gsi) weights and biochemical correlates. testosterone and lh treatments significantly increased serum testosterone level and concentrations of total proteins, fructose, hexosamines ... | 2001 | 11349526 |
| effect of alkalinity (ph 10) on ureogenesis in the air-breathing walking catfish, clarias batrachus. | exposure of fish to alkaline conditions inhibits the rate of ammonia excretion, leading to ammonia accumulation and toxicity. the purpose of this study was to determine the role of ureogenesis via the urea cycle, to avoid the accumulation of ammonia to a toxic level during chronic exposure to alkaline conditions, for the air-breathing walking catfish, clarias batrachus, where a full complement of urea cycle enzyme activity has been documented. the walking catfish can survive in water with a ph u ... | 2002 | 12020651 |
| induction of micronuclei and erythrocyte alterations in the catfish clarias batrachus by 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and butachlor. | the micronucleus test (mnt) in fish erythrocytes has increasingly been used to detect the genotoxic effects of environmental mutagens and its frequency is considered to reflect the genotoxic damage to cells, mainly the chromosomes. besides, morphologically altered erythrocyte is taken as an index of cytotoxicity. both parameters were used in the present study by two herbicides, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d, in 25, 50 and 75ppm concentrations) and 2-chloro-2,6-diethyl-n-(butoxymethyl) ac ... | 2002 | 12113764 |
| role of cyclic amp-dependent protein kinase in oocyte maturation of the catfish, clarias batrachus. | the results of the present study demonstrate the probable involvement of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (camp)-dependent protein kinase (pka) in the regulation of oocyte maturation in the catfish, clarias batrachus. a decrease in total pka activity with a concomitant increase in the percentage of germinal vesicle breakdown (gvbd) was found in oocytes treated with different doses of n-(2-[p-bromocinnamylamino]ethyl)-5-isoquinoline sulfonamide (h-89), a selective, potent inhibitor of pka and ... | 2002 | 12115942 |
| fenvalerate-induced macromolecular changes in the catfish, clarias batrachus. | the effects of sublethal concentration of fenvalerate on dna, rna, rna/dna ratio and protein contents were estimated in gill and kidney tissues of an air breathing fish, clarias batrachus. fenvalerate reduced the dna content in gill, whereas it did not produce any significant effect on dna in kidney. this tissue-specific change in dna content may be due to differential effects of fenvalerate or its metabolite(s) on synthesis and/degradation of dna in gill and kidney cells of the fish. rna and pr ... | 2002 | 12602849 |
| role of amino acid metabolism in an air-breathing catfish, clarias batrachus in response to exposure to a high concentration of exogenous ammonia. | the air-breathing ureogenic walking catfish (clarias batrachus) faces various environmental constraints throughout the year leading to the problem of accumulation of toxic ammonia. in the present study, the possible role of conversion of accumulated ammonia to various non-essential free amino acids (faas) was tested in this fish under hyper-ammonia stress caused by exposing the fish at 25 mm nh(4)cl for 7 days. significant accumulation of ammonia of approximately two- to threefold was observed i ... | 2002 | 12381386 |
| ultra-structural observations on the lymphoid organs of the freshwater catfish, clarias batrachus (linnaeus). | light microscopic and ultra-structural studies of the lymphoid tissues such as blood immunocytes, spleen and pronephros of the freshwater catfish, clarias batrachus, were carried out. the peripheral blood showed nucleated erythrocytes, total leucocytic count (tlc) more than that observed in mammalian blood and leucocytes with morphological appearance similar to the mammalian white blood cells (wbcs). the spleen and pronephros showed presence of numerous lymphocytes, monocytes and nucleated red b ... | 2003 | 15259602 |
| cyclic amp level and phosphodiesterase activity during 17alpha,20beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one induction and theophylline inhibition of oocyte maturation in the catfish, clarias batrachus. | this study directly tested the hypothesis that the induction of oocyte maturation in the catfish clarias batrachus is followed by a transient decrease in oocyte cyclic amp (camp) level that is due to an increase in phosphodiesterase (pde) activity. further, the pde inhibitor theophylline was used to investigate the possible role of pde in the maturation-inducing action of 17alpha,20beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17alpha,20beta-dp), the physiological maturation-inducing steroid of this catfish s ... | 2003 | 12547256 |
| two morphological types of pineal window in catfish in relation to photophase and scotophase activity: a morphological and experimental study. | the pineal window is a transparent/translucent pineal covering on the dorsal surface of the cranium of certain fishes and is associated with light reactions of fish. in the present study, catfish species clarias batrachus, heteropneustes fossilis, mystus vittatus, m. seenghala, and m. cavassius were examined for the type of pineal window present. two morphologically different types of pineal window were found: an opaque-looking pineal window in c. batrachus and h. fossilis and a translucent type ... | 2003 | 12506400 |
| role of ureogenesis in tackling problems of ammonia toxicity during exposure to higher ambient ammonia in the air-breathing walking catfish clarias batrachus. | in the present study, the possible role of ureogenesis to avoid the accumulation of toxic ammonia to a lethal level under hyper-ammonia stress was tested in the air-breathing walking catfish clarias batrachus by exposing the fish at 25 mm nh4cl for 7 days. excretion of ammonia by the nh4cl-exposed fish was totally suppressed, which was accompanied by significant accumulation of ammonia in different body tissues. the walking catfish, which is otherwise predominantly ammoniotelic, turned totally t ... | 2003 | 14660873 |
| pathway-specific response to cortisol in the metabolism of catfish. | cortisol produced biochemical pathway-specific effects on metabolic enzymes and other macromolecules in the freshwater catfish, clarias batrachus. injection of cortisol increased 1.6-fold activity of citrate synthase (cs) in brain, liver and skeletal muscle of the fish over vehicle-injected control, while administration of metyrapone (a cortisol synthesis inhibitor) reduced cs activity by 52%. cortisol treatment of metyrapone-treated fish induced cs activity by approximately 2.5-fold, which was ... | 2003 | 14602154 |
| endosulfan effects on muscle malate dehydrogenase of the freshwater catfish clarias batrachus. | the effects of a sublethal concentration of an organochlorine pesticide endosulfan were investigated on crude and purified forms of cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase (cmdh) and mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (mmdh) in the muscle of the freshwater catfish clarias batrachus. endosulfan treatment reduced significantly the activity and the specific activity of cmdh and mmdh but had no effect on total cytoplasmic and mitochondrial protein contents. this indicates a decline in the efficiency of aer ... | 2003 | 14575683 |
| acute toxicity of carbofuran to a freshwater teleost, clarias batrachus. | 2003 | 12756469 | |
| the relative impacts of native and introduced predatory fish on a temporary wetland tadpole assemblage. | understanding the relative impacts of predators on prey may improve the ability to predict the effects of predator composition changes on prey assemblages. we experimentally examined the relative impact of native and introduced predatory fish on a temporary wetland amphibian assemblage to determine whether these predators exert distinct (unique or non-substitutable) or equivalent (similar) impacts on prey. predatory fish included the eastern mosquitofish (gambusia holbrooki), golden topminnow (f ... | 2003 | 12712313 |
| gnrh-lh secreting cells axis in the pituitary of the teleost clarias batrachus responds to neuropeptide y treatment: an immunocytochemical study. | an attempt has been made to immunocytochemically visualize the effect of neuropeptide y (npy) on the gnrh fibers and luteinizing hormone (lh) secreting cells in the pituitary of the catfish, clarias batrachus. two hours following the intracranial administration of npy at the dose of 20 ng/g body wt, a significant increase in the area occupied by the gnrh-like immunoreactive fibers, and population and size of the lh cells was observed. the treatment also resulted in considerable augmentation of i ... | 2003 | 12679089 |
| differential effects of thyroxine on metabolic enzymes and other macromolecules in a freshwater teleost. | the effects of thyroxine (t(4)) on citrate synthase (cs), glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6-pdh), lactate dehydrogenase (ldh), dna, rna, and protein of various tissues were studied to elucidate the hormonal control of metabolism in a freshwater catfish, clarias batrachus. t(4) did not produce any significant effect on dna content of the fish. the cs, rna, and protein contents of brain, liver, and skeletal muscle of the fish exposed to thiourea for 28 days decreased approximately 50-58% as co ... | 2003 | 12658717 |
| dietary bovine lactoferrin induces changes in immunity level and disease resistance in asian catfish clarias batrachus. | the effects of including bovine lactoferrin (lf) in the diet of the asian catfish (clarias batrachus) on specific and non-specific immunity as well as disease resistance were investigated. the catfish were fed four different diets for 2 weeks: a commercial diet as control and the same diet supplemented with 50, 100 and 200mg bovine lf/kg feed. after 1 and 2 weeks, serum bacterial agglutination titre against aeromonas hydrophila as a measure of specific immunity; natural serum haemolysin titre, l ... | 2003 | 12842607 |
| effect of acute exposure of sodium arsenite (na3 aso3) on some haematological parameters of clarias batrachus (common indian cat fish) in vivo. | the effect of acute arsenic exposure in the form of sodium arsenite (na3aso3) were studied on haematological parameters of clarias batrachus. three subleathal concentrations of sodium arsenite (5 ppm, 10 ppm, 15 ppm) were exposed to experimental set of 10 fishes in a glass aquarium filled with 40 l water. the parameters screened after 120 hrs exposure for each experimental set were hb concentration, tec, pcv and mcv mch and mchc were also calculated. statistical analysis shows a significant fall ... | 2003 | 15315139 |
| cell volume affects glycogen phosphorylase activity in fish hepatocytes. | the activity of glycogen phosphorylase (gpase) in the active a-form (gpase a) is dependent on the hydration state of hepatocytes. we establish that gpase a catalysis in catfish (ameiurus nebulosus) hepatocytes is a function of medium osmolarity and that a linear relationship exists between gpase a activity and osmolarity between 254 mosmol l(-1) and 478 mosmol l(-1). exposure of isolated hepatocytes to hyperosmotic media increases enzyme activity up to 7-fold, indicative of covalent phosphorylat ... | 2003 | 12898165 |
| scaling effects on metabolism of a teleost. | scaling effects on citrate synthase (cs), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6-pdh), rna. rna/dna ratio and protein contents of brain, liver and skeletal muscle were studied in a teleost, clarias batrachus. the activity of white skeletal muscle cs decreased significantly as a function of increasing body mass of the fish. it shows that the fulfilment of energy demand in white skeletal muscle is not dependent on aerobic metabolism. the activity of liver g6-pdh decreased with the increasing body m ... | 2004 | 15559933 |
| study of serum cholinesterase levels in fish clarias batrachus (linn.) exposed to pesticides carbaryl and phorate. | study of the serum cholinesterase levels (sche) in the freshwater catfish clarias batrachus when exposed to sub lethal dose of pesticides phorate and carbamate, was attempted in this paper. sche levels decreased in the fish exposed to both the pesticides, the depletion being more pronounced with phorate. these results can be due to impairment of nervous system, liver damage as well as myocardial infarction. similar findings were not only reported in experimental organisms but also found in human ... | 2004 | 16649625 |
| one step purification and partial characterisation of serum immunoglobulin from asiatic catfish (clarias batrachus l.). | 2004 | 15312666 | |
| studies on lethal concentrations and toxicity stress of some xenobiotics on aquatic organisms. | three widely used xenobiotics pentachlorophenol (pcp), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) and 2-chloro-2,6-diethyl-n-(butoxymethyl) acetanilide (butachlor) are evaluated for acute toxicity and stress behavior on freshwater fish (heteropneustes fossilis, clarias batrachus, channa punctatus) and mosquito larvae (culex pipiens fatigans). the experiment was carried out by medium treatment using intermittent flow-through system. median lethal concentrations (lc50) were calculated by probit analys ... | 2004 | 14761696 |
| integrated vermi-pisciculture--an alternative option for recycling of solid municipal waste in rural india. | vermicomposts as a biofertilizer can be a great option for pond manuring as they never cause any long term harm to the soil like chemical fertilizer. in this study vegetable and horticulture waste was used as an important media for vermiculture. three separate cemented tanks (6 m(3) each) were used in the system as control tank, vermicompost fertilized tank and inorganic fertilizer manured tank. monoculture of fish was carried out with cat fish, clarias batrachus. the produced earthworms were us ... | 2004 | 14987723 |
| purification and properties of cytosolic alanine aminotransferase from the liver of two freshwater fish, clarias batrachus and labeo rohita. | cytosolic alanine aminotransferase (c-aat) was purified up to 203- and 120-fold, from the liver of two freshwater teleosts clarias batrachus (air-breathing, carnivorous) and labeo rohita (water-breathing, herbivorous), respectively. the enzyme from both fish showed similar elution profiles on a deae-sephacel ion exchange column. sds-page of purified enzymes revealed two subunits of 54 and 56 kda, in both fish. the apparent km values for l-alanine were 18.5+/-0.48 and 23.55+/-0.60 mm, whereas for ... | 2004 | 14990216 |
| evaluation of biofilm of aeromonas hydrophila for oral vaccination of clarias batrachus--a carnivore model. | biofilm of aeromonas hydrophila was evaluated for oral vaccination of walking catfish (clarias batrachus l.). fish were fed with fish paste incorporating biofilm (bf) or free cells (fc) of a. hydrophila for 20 days and monitored for serum antibody production up to 60 days post-vaccination. serum agglutinating antibody titre and relative percent survival (rps) following challenge were found to be significantly higher in catfish fed with bf vaccine compared to that with fc. | 2004 | 15110335 |
| neuropeptide y in the olfactory system, forebrain and pituitary of the teleost, clarias batrachus. | distribution of neuropeptide y (npy)-like immunoreactivity in the forebrain of catfish clarias batrachus was examined with immunocytochemistry. conspicuous immunoreactivity was seen in the olfactory receptor neurons (orns), their projections in the olfactory nerve, fascicles of the olfactory nerve layer in the periphery of bulb and in the medial olfactory tracts as they extend to the telencephalic lobes. ablation of the olfactory organ resulted in loss of immunoreactivity in the olfactory nerve ... | 2004 | 15036363 |
| sex-specific metabolic changes in the annual reproductive cycle of a freshwater catfish. | sex-specific enzymatic and other biochemical changes were studied in the annual reproductive cycle of the freshwater catfish, clarias batrachus. citrate synthase (cs) activity of brain, liver and skeletal muscle was maximum in spawning and minimum in postspawning showing a sharp decline in aerobic capacity after spawning. similar cs activity in remaining phases of the annual reproductive cycle reflects similar energy need during regressed, preparatory and prespawning phases. glucose 6-phosphate ... | 2004 | 14698916 |
| carbofuran insecticide induced biochemical alterations in liver and muscle tissues of the fish clarias batrachus (linn) and recovery response. | the effect of carbofuran insecticide on certain metabolites and enzymes of protein and carbohydrate metabolism was evaluated in liver and muscle tissues of the freshwater fish, clarias batrachus during exposure and following cessation of exposure. thirty-six fish were exposed to 7.66mg of carbofuran/l for 6 days. after 6 days, 18 fish were transferred into carbofuran-free water for 6 days (recovery period) in order to study the recovery response. eighteen fish were kept in clean water as control ... | 2004 | 14687981 |
| endosulfan-mediated biochemical changes in the freshwater fish clarias batrachus. | endosulfan is an extremely toxic organochlorine pesticide to aquatic organisms which might be hampering fish health through impairment of metabolism sometimes leading to death. so an experimental protocol was designed to look at endosulfan effects on a number of selected biochemical endpoints as well as to develop a mechanistic understanding of biochemical effects of endosulfan in freshwater fish. | 2004 | 15202864 |
| in vivo alteration in protein metabolism by subacute carbofuran intoxication in the freshwater teleost, clarias batrachus. | 2004 | 15669738 | |
| cell volume changes affect gluconeogenesis in the perfused liver of the catfish clarias batrachus. | in addition to lactate and pyruvate, some amino acids were found to serve as potential gluconeogenic substrates in the perfused liver of clarias batrachus. glutamate was found to be the most effective substrate, followed by lactate, pyruvate, serine, ornithine, proline, glutamine, glycine, and aspartate. four gluconeogenic enzymes, namely phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck), pyruvate carboxylase (pc), fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (fbpase) and glucose 6-phosphatase (g6pase) could be detected ... | 2004 | 15381855 |
| fenvalerate-induced changes in a catfish, clarias batrachus: metabolic enzymes, rna and protein. | we studied the effects of a sublethal concentration of pyrethroid insecticide fenvalerate on metabolic enzymes, rna and protein of brain, liver and skeletal muscle of the freshwater catfish, clarias batrachus. exposure to fenvalerate gradually decreased the activity of citrate synthase (cs), glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6-pdh) and lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) in brain, liver and skeletal muscle up to 21 days. the maximum decrease in enzyme activity was 23-47%. withdrawal of fenvalerate fro ... | 2004 | 15313449 |
| effects of anisotonicity on pentose-phosphate pathway, oxidized glutathione release and t-butylhydroperoxide-induced oxidative stress in the perfused liver of air-breathing catfish, clarias batrachus. | both hypotonic exposure (185 mosmol/l) and infusion of glutamine plus glycine (2 mmol/l each) along with the isotonic medium caused a significant increase of 14co2 production from [1-14c]glucose by 110 and 70%, respectively, from the basal level of 18.4 +/- 1.2 nmol/g liver/min from the perfused liver of clarias batrachus. conversely, hypertonic exposure (345 mosmol/l) caused significant decrease of 14co2 production from [1-14c]glucose by 34%. 14co2 production from [6-14c]glucose was largely una ... | 2004 | 15286415 |
| seminoma in hybrid catfish [clarias batrachus (linnaeus) female x clarias gariepinus (burchell) male]. | spontaneous testicular tumors, seminoma, were noticed in four male hybrid catfish (c. batrachus female x c. gariepinus male) after the age of two years. the hybrids showed massive abdominal swelling with catchectic body and free lobulated, encapsulated tumors (> 325 g) within the serosanguinous fluid-filled peritoneal cavities. the tumor cells were large and polyhedral with prominent centrally located nuclei. other vital organs appeared normal. it seems to be the first report of seminoma in hybr ... | 2004 | 15260117 |
| glucagon-like peptide-1 (glp-1) immunoreactivity in the forebrain and pituitary of the teleost, clarias batrachus (linn.). | glucagon-like peptide-1-immunoreactivity (glp-ir) was seen in several olfactory receptor neurons in the olfactory epithelium and in the olfactory nerve fascicles that extend caudally to the bulb and innervate the glomerular layer. thick glp-ir fascicles were seen in the medial olfactory tracts (mot); these probably represent the extrabulbar olfactory projections. glp-ir fibers in the mot penetrate into the telencephalon, swing dorsocaudally into the area ventralis telencephali/pars supracommissu ... | 2005 | 20035454 |
| occurrence of antibiotic and metal resistance in bacteria from organs of river fish. | bacterial populations in some organs, viz., liver, spleen, kidney, gill, and arborescent organ of the catfish clarias batrachus were enumerated followed by determination of resistance for antibiotics and metals. the total viable counts in these organs, observed, were 2.24x10(4), 2.08x10(4), 1.44x10(4), 1.23x10(4), and 6.40x10(3) colony-forming units/ml, respectively. the random bacterial isolates from these fish organs showed resistance in decreasing order for colistin (98%), ampicillin (82%), g ... | 2005 | 15721889 |
| detection of dna damage by alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis in 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic-acid- and butachlor-exposed erythrocytes of clarias batrachus. | the alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis, also known as comet assay, is a rapid, simple and sensitive technique for measuring dna strand breaks in individual cells. the present study was undertaken to evaluate the genotoxic potential of two widely used herbicides; 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) and 2-chloro-2,6-diethyl-n-(butoxymethyl) acetanilide (butachlor) in erythrocytes of freshwater catfish, clarias batrachus. fish were exposed by medium treatment with three sub-lethal concentr ... | 2005 | 16216628 |
| temperature related seasonal changes in golgi complex of brain, heart and intestine of a teleost. | impact of temperature related seasonal changes in density of golgi complex were studied in brain, heart and intestine of the freshwater catfish, clarias batrachus (linnaeus). the density of golgi complex was more in these organs of the fish acclimatized to a lower temperature (20 degrees c) than that to a higher temperature (29 degrees c). this suggests that lower temperature induces secretory activity in cells to cope up with the changes in surrounding environment. it could be a kind of histoph ... | 2005 | 16161983 |
| role of neuropeptide y in the regulation of gonadotropin releasing hormone system in the forebrain of clarias batrachus (linn.): immunocytochemistry and high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometric analysis. | although the importance of neuropeptide y (npy) in the regulation of gonadotropin releasing hormone (gnrh) and reproduction has been highlighted in recent years, the neuroanatomical substrate within which these substances might interact has not been fully elucidated. present work was undertaken with a view to define the anatomical-physiological correlates underlying the role exercised by npy in the regulation of gnrh in the forebrain of the teleost clarias batrachus. application of double immuno ... | 2005 | 15893649 |
| seasonal effects of melatonin on ovary and plasma gonadotropin and vitellogenin levels in intact and pinealectomized catfish, clarias batrachus (linn). | effects of daily administration of melatonin for 15 days were evaluated with respect to ovarian activities and plasma gonadotropin (gth ii) and vitellogenin (vg) levels in intact (int) and pinealectomized (px) female catfish, c. batrachus, during preparatory (april), prespawning (may and june), spawning (july) and post-spawning (september) periods. px (saline control groups) caused a stimulatory effect during preparatory (with respect to vg synthesis and incorporation) and prespawning (with resp ... | 2005 | 15816408 |
| immunological and physiological validation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for growth hormone of the asian catfish, clarias batrachus. | this study describes the development and validation of competitive antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for growth hormone (gh) of the catfish, clarias batrachus. isolated gh was characterized first through bioassay, amino acid sequencing, immunoblotting and immunocytochemistry, and then used to raise antibody to develop elisa. the lowest detection limit of the assay system was 0.17 ng ml(-1), and the standard curve had an ed(50) value of 0.35 ng ml(-1). repeated determinati ... | 2005 | 20035472 |
| effect of piscine gh/igf-i on final oocyte maturation in vitro in heteropneustes fossilis. | growth hormone (gh) has recently been identified as co-gonadotropin regulating fish reproduction, hitherto, no effort has been made to see its effect on oocyte maturation in fishes, though some reports demonstrate the role of insulin like growth factor-i (igf-i) in oocyte maturation in teleosts. hence, effect of gh on oocyte maturation in post-vitellogenic h. fossilis has been worked out in the present study. post-vitellogenic follicles in the ovarian tissue were challenged in vitro with h. foss ... | 2005 | 20035463 |
| characterization of a galactose binding serum lectin from the indian catfish, clarias batrachus: possible involvement of fish lectins in differential recognition of pathogens. | a lectin with molecular mass around 200 kda was isolated from the serum of the indian catfish clarias batrachus. the bioactivity of this serum lectin was ca2+ and ph dependent. the lectin appeared to be specific for alpha-methyl galactose and sialoglycoproteins like porcine and bovine submaxillary mucin and could agglutinate human, rabbit, mice, rat and chicken erythrocytes. this fish lectin was able to specifically agglutinate different gram negative bacteria. when it was checked against differ ... | 2005 | 15979414 |
| high dietary vitamin c affects growth, non-specific immune responses and disease resistance in asian catfish, clarias batrachus. | studies were conducted to determine the immunomodulatory effects of high dietary ascorbic acid (vitamin c) on growth, serum concentration, non-specific immune response and disease resistance of a commercially important asian catfish, clarias batrachus. four practical diets were formulated to contain 0, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg ascorbic acid (aa) equivalent/kg diet, supplied as l-ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate (lapp) and were fed for 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks. each diet was fed to triplicate groups of catfish w ... | 2005 | 16311902 |
| effects of cyclophosphamide on the immune system and disease resistance of asian catfish clarias batrachus. | cyclophosphamide (cyp), a multifunctional alkylating agent is known as a potent immunosuppressor in endotherms. here, an experiment was conducted in an ectothermic asian catfish species, clarias batrachus to investigate its effect on non-specific and specific immunity as well as disease resistance against a common bacterial pathogen challenge. cyp was intraperitoneally injected for 3 consecutive days at a rate of 200 mgkg(-1) body weight. after 72 h post-injection, control and cyp-treated fish w ... | 2005 | 15863012 |
| dietary beta-1,3 glucan potentiates innate immunity and disease resistance of asian catfish, clarias batrachus (l.). | this study investigated the effects of short and prolonged administration of a yeast beta-glucan on non-specific immune parameters, growth rate and the disease resistance of asian catfish, clarias batrachus. fish fed with a basal diet (control) and test diet (basal diet supplemented with 0.1% glucan) for 1, 2 and 3 weeks were assayed for superoxide production, serum myeloperoxidase (mpo) content, natural haemagglutinin level, complement and lysozyme activities. fish were weighed at weekly interv ... | 2006 | 16436120 |
| evidence of apoptotic effects of 2,4-d and butachlor on walking catfish, clarias batrachus, by transmission electron microscopy and dna degradation studies. | apoptosis or programmed cell death is characterized morphologically by chromatin condensation, cell shrinkage, fragmentation of the nucleus and cytoplasm, and consequently formation of apoptotic bodies. it has also been best characterized by the cleavage of dna into nucleosomal size fragments of 180-200 bp or multiples of the same. contrary to this, under extreme conditions, the cells were found to show adaptive response to apoptosis and unable to regulate their own death; necrosis is therefore ... | 2006 | 16137705 |
| dietary immunostimulants influence specific immune response and resistance of healthy and immunocompromised asian catfish clarias batrachus to aeromonas hydrophila infection. | in order to determine the efficacy and immunoreversal effect of the 4 dietary immunomodulators, viz. lactoferrin, beta-1,3 glucan, levamisole and vitamin c, on disease resistance of a commercially important catfish, clarias batrachus, fish were fed diets supplemented with various levels of these substances in 2 subgroups, healthy and immunocompromised, during a 30 d trial. an artificial immunosuppressive state was induced by giving 3 intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of cyclophosphamide (cyp) at ... | 2006 | 16875392 |
| correlation between biochemical properties and adaptive diversity of skeletal muscle myofibrils and myosin of some air-breathing teleosts. | functional properties of myofibrils and relative stability of myosin of five teleosts channa punctata, clarias batrachus, m astacembalus armatus, labeo rohita and catla catla adapted to different breathing modes were compared. myofibrillar contractility and m-atpase of air-breathing organ (abo) possessing c.punctata and c. batrachus were low and least affected by ph in the range of 7.1-8.5. however, their myosin isoforms were relatively thermostable, more soluble at sub-neutral ph values, betwee ... | 2006 | 17133765 |
| cell volume regulation in the perfused liver of a freshwater air-breathing cat fish clarias batrachus under aniso-osmotic conditions: roles of inorganic ions and taurine. | the roles of various inorganic ions and taurine, an organic osmolyte, in cell volume regulation were investigated in the perfused liver of a freshwater air-breathing catfish clarias batrachus under aniso-osmotic conditions. there was a transient increase and decrease of liver cell volume following hypotonic (-80 mosmol/l) and hypertonic (+80 mosmol/l) exposures,respectively, which gradually decreased/increased near to the control level due to release/uptake of water within a period of 25-30 min. ... | 2006 | 17301497 |
| perturbations in the catfish immune responses by arsenic: organ and cell specific effects. | the present study was an attempt to elucidate the effect of non-lethal arsenic (as) exposure (1/10 lc50) on different immunologically important organs and cells of a catfish. clarias batrachus l. were exposed to arsenic trioxide for different time intervals, which resulted in significant, time-dependent changes in total head kidney and splenic leucocyte count (p<0.05) and reduction in the organosomatic indices (p<0.05) of these two important immunocompetent organs. routine histological studies r ... | 2006 | 16765097 |
| involvement of neuropeptide y y1 receptors in the regulation of lh and gh cells in the pituitary of the catfish, clarias batrachus: an immunocytochemical study. | although neuropeptide y (npy) has been known to influence the release of luteinizing hormone (lh) and growth hormone (gh) from the pituitary gland of teleosts, the npy receptor subtypes involved in the regulatory processes have not been fully defined. an attempt has been made to study the involvement of npy y1 receptors, if any, in mediating the npy-triggered stimulation of the lh and gh secreting cells in the pituitary of the catfish, clarias batrachus. npy (10 ng/g of body wt) or npy y1 recept ... | 2006 | 16828090 |
| changes in sperm motility in response to osmolality/ca2+ in three indonesian fresh water teleosts: goby (oxyeleotris marmorata), java carp (puntius javanicus), and catfish (clarias batrachus). | sperm of most fresh water teleosts become motile when released into the hypotonic fresh water environment, but the role of osmolality and ca2+ on sperm motility is not clear. osmotic pressure and ca2+ concentrations increase from fresh water to brackish water. java carp puntius javanicus and catfish clarias batrachus live and reproduce only in fresh water. on the other hand, goby oxyeleotris marmorata can acclimate and reproduce from fresh water to brackish water. in the present study, sperm mot ... | 2006 | 16458554 |
| aluminium toxicity induced poikilocytosis in an air-breathing teleost, clarias batrachus (linn.). | the present study was undertaken to assess the toxicity of acid alone and two different sublethal concentrations of aluminium, (25% and 75% dose of 96 hr lc50 value in acidified soft water of ph 5) on red blood cells of a stenohaline catfish, c. batrachus for an acute exposure of 5 days. the scanning electron microscopic studies on all the three treated groups revealed several kinds of erythrocyte alterations and modifications with abnormal morphology. these included abnormal surface-wrinkling a ... | 2006 | 16430097 |
| air-breathing rhythm in clarias batrachus (linn.): modulatory role of eyes, pineal and exogenous melatonin. | effects of enucleation followed by pinealectomy and administration of exogenous melatonin on air-breathing activity rhythm in a fresh water catfish, c. batrachus maintained at ld 12:12 and laboratary temperature during its prepratory phase, were examined. results of cosinor analysis clearly reveal that most of the intact individuals exhibited circadian rhythm in their air-breathing activity and such rhythm persists even after enucleation followed by pinealectomy and then melatonin administration ... | 2006 | 16430092 |
| expression of ornithine-urea cycle enzymes in early life stages of air-breathing walking catfish clarias batrachus and induction of ureogenesis under hyper-ammonia stress. | the air-breathing walking catfish clarias batrachus is a potential ureogenic teleost with having a full complement of ornithine-urea cycle (ouc) enzymes expressed in various tissues. the present study was aimed at determining the pattern of nitrogenous waste excretion in the form of ammonia-n and urea-n along with the changes of tissue ammonia and urea levels, and the expression of ouc enzymes and glutamine synthetase (gsase) in early life stages of this teleost, and further, to study the possib ... | 2006 | 16271487 |
| distribution of fmrfamide-like immunoreactivity in the forebrain of the catfish, clarias batrachus (linn.). | the anatomical distribution of fmrfamide-like immunoreactivity in the forebrain and pituitary of the catfish, clarias batrachus, was investigated. immunoreactive cells were observed in the ganglion cells of the nervus terminalis (nt) and in the medial olfactory tracts. in the preoptic area, fmrfamide-containing perikarya were restricted to the lateral preoptic area, paraventricular subdivision of the nucleus preopticus, nucleus suprachiasmaticus and nucleus preopticus periventricularis posterior ... | 2006 | 1352401 |
| induction of oxidative stress by arsenic in clarias batrachus: involvement of peroxisomes. | indian catfish, clarias batrachus, were exposed to two nonlethal doses of arsenic for 10 days, which induced tissue lipid peroxidation, increased the ratio of oxidized to reduced glutathione and produced excess h(2)o(2) within 1-2 days of exposure. furthermore, arsenic treatment increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase (gpx), superoxide dismutase (sod), and catalase but decreased glutathione reductase (gr) activity within a day of exposure, indicating the gene ... | 2007 | 16427696 |
| mitochondrial citrulline synthesis from ammonia and glutamine in the liver of ureogenic air-breathing catfish, clarias batrachus (linnaeus). | the possible synthesis of citrulline, a rate limiting step for urea synthesis via the ornithine-urea cycle (ouc) in teleosts was tested both in the presence of ammonia and glutamine as nitrogen-donating substrates by the isolated liver mitochondria of ureogenic air-breathing walking catfish, c. batrachus. both ammonia and glutamine could be used as nitrogen-donating substrates for the synthesis of citrulline by the isolated liver mitochondria, since the rate of citrulline synthesis was almost eq ... | 2007 | 18254215 |
| effect of ovaprim doses and latency periods on induced spawning of clarias batrachus: observation on larval deformity. | induced spawning of c. batrachus was conducted at different ovaprim dose and latency period combinations to observe the deformed larvae among the hatchlings. for the purpose, four doses of ovaprim (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 ml/kg body weight) and five latency periods (11, 14, 17, 20 and 23 hr) were considered in 20 different combinations. there were no deformed larvae in the females injected with all four doses and stripped at 11 hr latency, as the eggs did not hatch. the percentage of deformed larv ... | 2007 | 17948742 |
| reproduction phase-related variations in neuropeptide y immunoreactivity in the olfactory system, forebrain, and pituitary of the female catfish, clarias batrachus (linn.). | the aim of this study was to determine whether neuropeptide y (npy) immunoreactivity in the cells and fibers in the forebrain and pituitary of clarias batrachus is linked to the annual reproductive cycle. a steady rise in luteinizing hormone (lh) immunoreactivity was seen in the pituitary through preparatory (february-april) and prespawning (may-june) phases; it was greatly reduced during spawning (july-august; p < 0.001) and partially replenished during postspawning (september-november; p < 0.0 ... | 2007 | 17701999 |
| genetic structure of different populations of walking catfish (clarias batrachus l.) in bangladesh. | information on genetic variation is essential for conservation and stock improvement programs. seven dinucleotide microsatellite loci were analyzed to reveal genetic variability in three wild populations (kella beel, hakaluki haor, and shobornokhali beel) and one hatchery population of the freshwater walking catfish, clarias batrachus, in bangladesh. upon pcr amplification, the alleles were separated on polyacrylamide gel using a sequencing gel electrophoresis system and visualized by the silver ... | 2007 | 17701340 |
| air-breathing catfish, clarias batrachus upregulates glutamine synthetase and carbamyl phosphate synthetase iii during exposure to high external ammonia. | we assessed the possible upregulation of glutamine synthetase (gs) and typical 'fish type' carbamyl phosphate synthetase iii (cps iii) in detoxification of ammonia in different tissues of the walking catfish (clarias batrachus) during exposure to 25 mm nh(4)cl for 7 days. exogenous ammonia led to an increase in ammonia and urea concentrations in different tissues. the results revealed the presence of relatively high levels of gs activity in the brain, liver and kidney, unexpectedly, also in the ... | 2007 | 17451989 |
| cypermethrin-induced biochemical perturbations in freshwater fish clarias batrachus at sublethal exposure and after released into freshwater. | cypermethrin-induced alterations in the fish, clarias batrachus were studied. the fish were exposed to cypermethrin at a concentration of 0.07 mg/l for 10 days. after 10 days, fish were released into freshwater to observe the recovery response. at the end of 1, 5, and 10 days of exposure and after transfer into freshwater, different parameters were estimated in muscle and kidneys. reduction in proteins was observed in both tissues, and recovery response was seen in muscle and kidneys. free amino ... | 2007 | 17364864 |
| immunohistochemical localization of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide in the brain of the catfish, clarias batrachus (linn.). | the organization of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide (cartp, 54-102) immunoreactivity was investigated in the brain of the catfish, clarias batrachus. cartp-immunoreactivity was observed in several granule cells of the olfactory bulbs, in dot-like terminals around mitral cells, and in the fibers of the medial olfactory tracts. while several groups of discrete cells in the telencephalon showed cartp-immunoreactivity, the immunostained fibers were widely distributed in the are ... | 2007 | 17348009 |
| sub-lethal concentration of arsenic interferes with the proliferation of hepatocytes and induces in vivo apoptosis in clarias batrachus l. | we studied the hepatocellular alterations induced by sub-lethal concentrations (0.50 mum) of arsenic in indian catfish clarias batrachus l. sub-lethal arsenic exposure altered serum aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase levels and brought about significant changes in different serum biochemical parameters. arsenic exposure reduced total hepatocyte protein content and suppressed the proliferation of hepatocytes in a time-dependent manner. routine histological studies on liver docume ... | 2007 | 17336163 |
| movement and bioaccumulation of chromium in an artificial freshwater ecosystem. | in the present study, a small fresh water aquatic ecosystem was created into a small test tank to evaluate the movement and bioaccumulation of cr (vi) through water, sediment, a macrophyte hydrilla, small fish guppy, and few key organs of magur, clarias batrachus. the cr (vi) intoxication was imposed of as a single dose of 30 mg/l concentration for a wide range of exposure durations like 1, 7, 14 and 21 days. after 1 day of exposure the total cr (vi) load was very high in the water and sediment ... | 2007 | 17569292 |
| levels of cadmium and lead in tissues of freshwater fish (clarias batrachus l.) and chicken in western up (india). | 2007 | 17721732 | |
| differential affinity of natural haemagglutinin of macrobrachium rosenbergii towards vertebrate erythrocytes: effect of sex, size and moult stage on haemagglutination titre. | lectins play important role in innate immunity of animals. the affinity of the natural haemagglutinin of the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii towards vertebrate erythrocytes and its level with relation to sex, size and moult stages were studied. the strongest agglutinating titres in haemolymph of prawns were marked against guinea pig, chicken, clarias batrachus, and rabbit erythrocytes, and the weakest towards cattle, dog, horse and goat erythrocytes. a moderately agglutinating t ... | 2007 | 17907751 |
| role of virulence plasmid of aeromonas hydrophila in the pathogenesis of ulcerative disease syndrome in clarias batrachus. | pathogenic aeromonas hydrophila (strain vb21), a multiple-drug resistance strain contains a plasmid of about 21 kb. after curing of plasmid, the isolates became sensitive to antimicrobials, to which they were earlier resistant. the cured bacteria exhibited significant alterations in their surface structure, growth profile and virulence properties, and failed to cause ulcerative disease syndrome (uds) when injected into the indian catfish clarias batrachus. routine biochemical studies revealed th ... | 2007 | 18341217 |
| long-term exposure to arsenic affects head kidney and impairs humoral immune responses of clarias batrachus. | the present study was aimed at determining the effects of long-term arsenic exposure on the head kidney (hk) and ensuing humoral immune responses in clarias batrachus l. long-term exposure (150 days) to non-lethal concentrations of arsenic (42.42 microm) resulted in significant time-dependent alterations in hk cell number eventually affecting the hk somatic index. prolonged exposure to arsenic also suppressed hk-b cell proliferation and led to significant reduction in serum immunoglobulin levels ... | 2007 | 17182119 |
| genotypic characterization of listeria spp. isolated from fresh water fish. | a total of 200 samples (muscles and viscera, 100 of each) of fresh water fish, walking catfish (clarias batrachus) were screened for listeria spp. all the samples were subjected to a two-step enrichment followed by plating on selective media. confirmation of the isolates was on the basis of biochemical characters, haemolysis on blood agar and christie, atkins, munch petersen test. a total of 39 isolates of listeria spp. were recovered. of these 26 (67%), 8 (21%), 3 (8%) and 2 (5%) were listeria ... | 2007 | 17182144 |
| an attenuated plasmid-cured strain of aeromonas hydrophila elicits protective immunity in clarias batrachus l. | wild type aeromonas hydrophila (strain ao1) isolated from the lesions of ulcerative disease syndrome (uds) affected fish bears a 21 kb virulence plasmid. with plasmid curing the isolates became attenuated and failed to induce fatal haemorrhagic ulcers in fish. the objective of the present work was to check the immunogenicity of these plasmid-cured derivatives and determine whether such strains could be used as candidate antigens for eliciting protective immunity to a. hydrophila infections in th ... | 2007 | 17208455 |
| the status of quadriacanthus paperna, 1961 and anacornuatus dubey et al., 1991 (monogenoidea: dactylogyridae) with redescription of q. kobiensis ha ky, 1968, new geographical records for q. bagrae paperna, 1979 and q. clariadis paperna, 1961 from india and a note on speciation in monogenoidea. | quadriacanthus paperna, 1961 is revised and emended. q. kobiensis ha ky, 1968 is redescribed from clarias batrachus, and q. bagrae paperna, 1979 and q. clariadis paperna, 1961 are recorded from c. gariepinus, both from the river gomti, lucknow. india is a new geographical record for q. bagrae and q. clariadis. anacornuatus dubey et al., 1991 is considered a junior subjective synonym of quadriacanthus paperna, 1961. quadriacanthus spp. are more specific to their hosts (micro-habitats) than geogra ... | 2007 | 17234447 |
| biochemical composition of some small indigenous fresh water fishes from the river mouri, khulna, bangladesh. | biochemical composition of seven small indigenous fresh water fishes namely magur (clarias batrachus), shingi (heteropneustes fossilis), koi (anabas testudineus), foli (notopterus notopterus), royna (nandas nandas), taki (channa punctatus) and tangra (mystus vittatus) from the mouri river khulna, bangladesh was studied in order to evaluate their nutritional values. the mean value of protein, fat, moisture and ash content was found as 14.87 +/- 0.63, 7.90 +/- 1.91, 73.49 +/- 0.69 and 3.74 +/- 0.4 ... | 2007 | 19069978 |
| effect of lead, zinc, mercury, and copper with and without estrogen on serum vitellogenin level in magur fish (clarias batrachus l.). | injection(s) of lead, zinc, and mercuric acetate decreased the serum vitellogenin content in magur fish, while cupric acetate failed to cause any change in the vitellogenin level. estrogen injections on 7th, 8th and 9th d increased the serum vitellogenin level in normal and copper salt treated fish, but were totally ineffective in altering the reduced vitellogenin content in lead, zinc, and mercury salts treated fish. vitellogenin level almost restored to normal level at 6 week in lead, zinc, an ... | 2007 | 2099309 |
| dichlorvos-induced histoarchitectural changes in the oocytes of a freshwater fish. | the common edible air-breathing catfish clarias batrachus was exposed to lethal and sublethal concentrations of the organophosphorus insecticide dichlorvos. this produced significant cytoarchitectural changes in the oocytes, including pronounced vacuolation, degeneration and deformation. clumping of the cytoplasm and karyohypertrophy were also evident and rupture of the cell wall, with extrusion of the cytoplasm and the nuclei, was observed. | 2007 | 1793995 |