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phytotoxicity of gf-120 nf naturalyte fruit fly bait carrier on sweet cherry (prunus avium l.) foliage.six sweet cherry (prunus avium l.) cultivars were tested with gf-120 with spinosad (0.2 g l(-1) spinosad bait) or without it (blank bait) to understand leaf phytotoxicity observed in the field.200918803169
pupal mortality and adult emergence of western cherry fruit fly (diptera: tephritidae) exposed to the fungus muscodor albus (xylariales: xylariaceae).western cherry fruit fly, rhagoletis indifferens curran (diptera: tephritidae), is a major pest of sweet cherry, prunus avium (l.) l. (rosales: rosaceae), that is conventionally controlled using insecticides. one alternative to the use of insecticides alone for fly control could be fumigation of the fly's overwintering habitat using the fungus muscodor albus worapong, strobel & hess (xylariales: xylariaceae) in conjunction with reduced insecticide use. the fungus produces a mixture of volatile o ...200920069829
acute toxicity effects of prunus avium fruit extract and selection of optimum dose against radiation exposure.the objective of the study was to evaluate the acute toxicity of different doses of the methanolic extract of the fruit pulp of prunus avium (family rosaceae), which is used ethno-medicinally for the treatment of various diseases, and to find out the optimal dose of prunus avium extract against 10 gy gamma-radiation exposure. to test acute toxicity in mice, different doses of pae (prunus avium fruit extract) were given orally for 15 consecutive days, after which the animals were observed for ano ...200920102327
'kwanzan stunting' syndrome: detection and molecular characterization of an italian isolate of little cherry virus 1.evident stunting was observed for the first time on prunus serrulata 'kwanzan' indicator trees in southern italy during the indexing of two sour cherry accessions from cultivars 'marasca di verona' and 'spanska'. bud break and shooting were delayed and the developing leaves remained small. during the third year many kwanzan plants died, regardless of the indexed cultivar. electrophoretic analysis showed the presence of dsrna pattern in extracts of stunted kwanzan with a similar size to that of v ...200919463722
isolation of flavonoids from the heartwood and resin of prunus avium and some preliminary biological investigations.an investigation of the constituents in heartwood and resin of prunus avium is reported. a mini-library of structurally diverse flavanones and flavones was screened for human cytochrome p450 1a1, 3a4 and 19 (aromatase) inhibition, and for antifungal activity against a panel of pathogenic fungi. the defensive role of these natural plant flavonoids as antifungal phytoalexins and phytoanticipins is discussed.200919837443
anthocyanin content, lipid peroxidation and cyclooxygenase enzyme inhibitory activities of sweet and sour cherries.cherries contain bioactive anthocyanins that are reported to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic and antiobese properties. the present study revealed that red sweet cherries contained cyanidin-3-o-rutinoside as major anthocyanin (>95%). the sweet cherry cultivar "kordia" (aka "attika") showed the highest cyanidin-3-o-rutinoside content, 185 mg/100 g fresh weight. the red sweet cherries "regina" and "skeena" were similar to "kordia", yielding cyanidin-3-o-rutinoside a ...200919199585
bird diversity and seed dispersal along a human land-use gradient: high seed removal in structurally simple farmland.only few studies have analysed the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem function at the landscape scale although relationships and mechanisms known from experimental studies might be different in natural systems. we quantified bird diversity and seed removal from 38 wild cherry trees (prunus avium) along a human land-use gradient from forest to structurally diverse to simple agricultural systems. high human land-use intensity led to low species richness and total abundance of the loca ...201020049479
fruits and vegetables protect against the genotoxicity of heterocyclic aromatic amines activated by human xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes expressed in immortal mammalian cells.heterocyclic aromatic amines (haas) can be formed during the cooking of meat and fish at elevated temperatures and are associated with an increased risk for cancer. on the other hand, epidemiological findings suggest that foods rich in fruits and vegetables can protect against cancer. in the present study three teas, two wines, and the juices of 15 fruits and 11 vegetables were investigated for their protective effect against the genotoxic effects of 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (iq) ...201020713174
complete nucleotide sequence of cherry virus a (cva) infecting sweet cherry in india.cherry virus a (cva) is a graft-transmissible member of the genus capillovirus that infects different stone fruits. sweet cherry (prunus avium l; family rosaceae) is an important deciduous temperate fruit crop in the western himalayan region of india. in order to determine the health status of cherry plantations and the incidence of the virus in india, cherry orchards in the states of jammu and kashmir (j&k) and himachal pradesh (h.p.) were surveyed during the months of may and september 2009. t ...201020938696
oviposition in sweet cherry by reproductively mature western cherry fruit fly (diptera: tephritidae) fed spinosad and neonicotinoid insecticide baits.western cherry fruit fly, rhagoletis indifferens curran (diptera: tephritidae),is a major pest of sweet cherry, prunus avium (l.) l., in the pacific northwest of the united states. spinosad bait is applied weekly to kill flies before they develop eggs, but its effects on oviposition by reproductively mature flies are unknown. in this study, the main objective was to identify insecticide bait treatments that can prevent oviposition after being ingested by reproductively mature r. indifferens. fir ...201020429452
effect of the commercial ripening stage and postharvest storage on microbial and aroma changes of 'ambrunés' sweet cherries.the purpose of this work was to investigate the effect of the commercial ripening stage and postharvest storage on microbial and aroma changes of 'ambrunés' sweet cherries. the microbial counts and volatile profile of sweet cherry batches automatically sanitized and classified in three commercial ripening stages were studied for five postharvest storages. the batches were also evaluated sensorially, and the correlations between volatile compounds and aroma quality were determined. the microbial ...201023654239
cloning and expression analysis of cdnas for aba 8'-hydroxylase during sweet cherry fruit maturation and under stress conditions.abscisic acid (aba) plays a key role in various aspects of plant growth and development, including adaptation to environmental stress and fruit maturation in sweet cherry fruit. in higher plants, the level of aba is determined by synthesis and catabolism. in order to gain insight into aba synthesis and catabolism in sweet cherry fruit during maturation and under stress conditions, four cdnas of paccyp707a1 -paccyp707a4 for 8'-hydroxylase, a key enzyme in the oxidative catabolism of aba, and one ...201020728961
population structure and genetic bottleneck in sweet cherry estimated with ssrs and the gametophytic self-incompatibility locus.domestication and breeding involve the selection of particular phenotypes, limiting the genomic diversity of the population and creating a bottleneck. these effects can be precisely estimated when the location of domestication is established. few analyses have focused on understanding the genetic consequences of domestication and breeding in fruit trees. in this study, we aimed to analyse genetic structure and changes in the diversity in sweet cherry prunus avium l.201020727153
chitosan acetate as an active coating material and its effects on the storing of prunus avium l.in this article, chitosan acetate (ca) was prepared by the method of solid-liquid reaction. ca was a stable faint yellow powder with water solubility. ca kept the same backbone in the chemical structure as the raw material of chitosan, and it also had the similar antibacterial properties with chitosan. ca could form a coating film on the outside surface of the sweet cherries, could effectively retard the loss of the water, titratable acidity, and ascorbic acid of sweet cherries, and could induce ...201020492258
self-compatibility in 'cristobalina' sweet cherry is not associated with duplications or modified transcription levels of s-locus genes.sweet cherry shows s-rnase-based gametophytic self-incompatibility, which prevents self- and cross-fertilization between genetically related individuals. the specificity of the self-incompatible reaction is determined by two genes located in the s-locus. these encode a pistil-expressed ribonuclease (s-rnase) that inhibits self pollen tube growth, and a pollen-expressed f-box protein (sfb) that may be involved in the cytotoxicity of self-s-rnases. initial genetic and pollination studies in a self ...201020411390
sweet cherry pomological and biochemical characteristics influenced by rootstock.fruits of lapins sweet cherry (prunus avium l.) from 12-year-old trees on different rootstocks (f 12/1, maxma 14, piku 1, edabriz, gisela 5, gisela 195/20, weiroot 13, weiroot 158, and weiroot 72) were analyzed for pomological (fruit weight, % flesh of fruit weight, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, and firmness) and biochemical parameters (individual sugars, organic acids, and phenolic compounds) considering yield. for the first time, two procyanidins have been identified in sweet che ...201020337477
phenolic compounds in cherry ( prunus avium ) heartwood with a view to their use in cooperage.the phenolic and tannic composition of heartwood extracts from prunus avium , commonly known as cherry tree, before and after toasting in cooperage were studied using hplc-dad and hplc-dad/esi-ms. nonflavonoid (16 compounds) and flavonoid (27 compounds) polyphenols were identified, 12 of them in only a tentative way. the nonflavonoids found were lignin constituents, and their pattern is different compared to oak, since they include compounds such as protocatechuic acid and aldehyde, p-coumaric a ...201020302370
a linkage map of sweet cherry based on rapd analysis of a microspore-derived callus culture population.a partial linkage map was constructed for the sweet cherry (prunus avium l.) cultivar emperor francis from a population of 56 microspore-derived callus culture individuals. the callus cultures were genotyped for two allozymes and 90 random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) markers using 79 random decanucleotide dna primers and the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). eighty-nine markers mapped to 10 linkage groups totaling 503.3 cm. dna blot and hybridization analysis using five cloned rapds as probe ...20108683097
metabolism of the seed and endocarp of cherry (prunus avium l.) during development.in this study some aspects of organic and amino acid metabolism in cherry endocarp and seed were investigated during their development. the abundance and location of a number of enzymes involved in these processes were investigated. these enzymes were aspartate aminotransferase (aspat; ec:2.6.1.1), glutamine synthetase (gs; ec:6.3.1.2), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (pepc; ec:4.1.1.31), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck; ec:4.1.1.49), and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase ...201121741262
postharvest treatments with salicylic acid, acetylsalicylic acid or oxalic acid delayed ripening and enhanced bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity in sweet cherry.sweet cherry cultivars ('cristalina' and 'prime giant') harvested at commercial ripening stage were treated with salicylic acid (sa), acetylsalicylic acid (asa) or oxalic acid (oa) at 1 mm and then stored for 20 days under cold temperature. results showed that all treatments delayed the postharvest ripening process, manifested by lower acidity, color changes and firmness losses, and maintained quality attributes for longer periods than controls. in addition, total phenolics, anthocyanins and ant ...201121506518
analysis of anthocyanins in commercial fruit juices by using nano-liquid chromatography-electrospray-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography with uv-vis detector.nano-lc and conventional hplc techniques were applied for the analysis of anthocyanins present in commercial fruit juices using a capillary column of 100 μm id and a 2.1 mm id narrow-bore c(18) column. analytes were detected by uv-vis at 518 nm and esi-ion trap ms with hplc and nano-lc, respectively. commercial blueberry juice (14 anthocyanins detected) was used to optimize chromatographic separation of analytes and other analysis parameters. qualitative identification of anthocyanins was perfor ...201121246720
characterization and mapping of non-s gametophytic self-compatibility in sweet cherry (prunus avium l.).self-incompatibility in prunus (rosaceae) species, such as sweet cherry, is controlled by a multiallelic locus (s), in which two tightly linked genes, s-rnase and sfb (s haplotype-specific f-box), determine the specificity of the pollen and the style. fertilization in these species occurs only if the s-specificities expressed in the pollen and the pistils are different. however, modifier genes have been proposed to be necessary for a full manifestation of the self-incompatibility response. 'cris ...201121127024
comparative study of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity in different species of cherries.a new spectrometric method ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric with high precision and rapid analysis was developed to separate 17 phenolic compounds. different species of cherries, including 10 sweet cherry (prunus avium l.) cultivars, a tart cherry (p. cerasus l.) rootstock (cab), and a hybrid rootstock 'colt' (p. avium × p. pseudocerasus), were analyzed for phenolics contents by this method. the results showed that significant differences were observed among the ...201122417346
developing drosophila suzukii management programs for sweet cherry in the western united states.the spotted wing drosophila, drosophila suzukii matsumura (diptera: drosophilidae), is a newly introduced pest of sweet cherry on the west coast of north america which produces about 97% of the value of the us sweet cherry crop. d. suzukii initially caused considerable economic loss to cherry growers, who were unaware of this new pest. little control information was available at the time of initial infestation. pest control studies were initiated to examine the materials, timings and application ...201121919187
phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in cherry (prunus avium l.) fruit during development.in this study the abundance and location of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck) was determined in the flesh and skin of the sweet cherry (prunus avium l.) cultivar durone nero ii during development. pepck was not present in young fruit but appeared in both tissues as the fruit increased in size. in these there was no net dissimilation of malic acid, which accounts for the bulk of their organic acid contents when pepck was present. to assist in understanding the function of pepck, the abund ...201121908472
differences in body size and egg loads of rhagoletis indifferens (diptera: tephritidae) from introduced and native cherries.the western cherry fruit fly, rhagoletis indifferens curran, infests introduced, domesticated sweet [prunus avium (l.) l.], and tart cherries (prunus cerasus l.) as well as native bitter cherry, prunus emarginata (douglas) eaton. bitter cherries are smaller than sweet and tart cherries and this could affect various life history traits of flies. the objectives of the current study were to determine 1) if body size and egg loads of flies infesting sweet, tart, and bitter cherries differ from one a ...201122217749
effect of several different pollens on the bio-ecological parameters of the predatory mite typhlodromus athenas swirski and ragusa (acari: phytoseiidae).the development, survivorship, and reproduction of the predacious mite typhlodromus athenas swirski and ragusa were studied in the laboratory by rearing the predator on nine different plant pollens [almond(prunus amygdalis batsch), apple (malus domestica borkh.), apricot (prunus armeniaca l.), cherry (prunus avium l.), pear (pyrus communis l.), plum (prunus domestica l.), walnut (juglans regia l.), olive (olea europaea l.), typha sp.], and pollen collected from bee hives. all experiments were c ...201122251637
determination of self-incompatibility groups of sweet cherry genotypes from turkey.determination of s-allele combinations of sweet cherry genotypes and cultivars has importance for both growers and breeders. we determined s-allele combinations of 40 local turkish sweet cherry genotypes using a pcr-based method. ten different s-alleles were detected. although the most common s-allele was s3, as also found in western genotypes and cultivars, there were some differences in the frequencies of some s-alleles between turkish and western sweet cherry genotypes. according to their s-a ...201121341217
mortality and oviposition of western cherry fruit fly (diptera: tephritidae) exposed to different insecticide baits for varying periods in the presence and absence of food.spinosad bait is used to control western cherry fruit fly, rhagoletis indifferens curran (diptera: tephritidae), by killing flies before they oviposit. however, effects of different insecticide baits on management of reproductively mature flies are largely unknown. objectives here were to determine mortality and oviposition of reproductively mature r. indifferens exposed to different insecticide baits for varying periods in the presence and absence of dried yeast extract and sucrose food. spinos ...201121404858
honeybees increase fruit set in native plant species important for wildlife conservation.honeybee colonies are declining in some parts of the world. this may have important consequences for the pollination of crops and native plant species. in spain, as in other parts of europe, land abandonment has led to a decrease in the number of non professional beekeepers, which aggravates the problem of honeybee decline as a result of bee diseases in this study, we investigated the effects of honeybees on the pollination of three native plant species in northern spain, namely wildcherry prunu ...201121519875
exploitation of sweet cherry (prunus avium l.) puree added of stem infusion through fermentation by selected autochthonous lactic acid bacteria.strains of lactobacillus plantarum, pediococcus acidilactici, pediococcus pentosaceus and leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides were identified from 8 cultivars of sweet cherry by partial 16s rrna gene sequence and subjected to typing by random amplified polymorphic dna-polymerase chain reaction (rapd-pcr) analysis. representative isolates from each species and each cultivar were screened based on the kinetics of growth on cherry puree added of (10%, v/v) stem infusion (cp-si). a protoc ...201121569932
radioprotection of swiss albino mice by prunus avium with special reference to hematopoietic system.prunus avium (family rosaceae) has been used ethnomedicinally for the treatment of many diseases, but its radioprotective efficacy has hardly been explored. presence of high anthocyanin content and phenolic compound with good antioxidative capacity has been reported by researchers. its radioprotective effect against 5, 7, 10 and 12 gy gamma radiation was evaluated by 30 day survival assay. regression analysis yielded ld50/30 5.81 and 9.43gy for irradiated only and pae + radiation groups, respect ...201121609316
influence of habitat complexity and landscape configuration on pollination and seed-dispersal interactions of wild cherry trees.land-use intensification is a major cause for the decline in species diversity in human-modified landscapes. the loss of functionally important species can reduce a variety of ecosystem functions, such as pollination and seed dispersal, but the intricate relationships between land-use intensity, biodiversity and ecosystem functioning are still contentious. along a gradient from forest to intensively used farmland, we quantified bee species richness, visitation rates of bees and pollination succe ...201121818655
genetic diversity in wild sweet cherries (prunus avium) in turkey revealed by ssr markers.wild sweet cherry (prunus avium) trees are abundant in the northern part of turkey, including the coruh valley. we analyzed 18 wild sweet cherry genotypes collected from diverse environments in the upper coruh valley in turkey to determine genetic variation, using 10 ssr primers. these ssr primers generated 46 alleles; the number of alleles per primer ranged from 3 to 7, with a mean of 4.6. the primer ps12a02 gave the highest number of polymorphic bands (n = 7), while cpsct010, udap-401 and udap ...201121732285
rapid gene-based snp and haplotype marker development in non-model eukaryotes using 3'utr sequencing.abstract: background: sweet cherry (prunus avium l.), a non-model crop with narrow genetic diversity, is an important member of sub-family amygdoloideae within rosaceae. compared to other important members like peach and apple, sweet cherry lacks in genetic and genomic information, impeding understanding of important biological processes and development of efficient breeding approaches. availability of single nucleotide polymorphism (snp)-based molecular markers can greatly benefit breeding eff ...201222239826
fruit quality and bioactive compounds relevant to human health of sweet cherry (prunus avium l.) cultivars grown in italy.the fruit quality characteristics, phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacities of 24 sweet cherry (prunus avium l.) cultivars grown on the mountainsides of the etna volcano (sicily, italy) were evaluated. high-performance liquid chromatographic methods were used to identify and quantify sugars, organic acids and phenolics. a total of seven phenolic compounds were characterised as hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives (neochlorogenic acid, p-coumaroylquinic acid and chlorogenic acid) and anthocyanin ...201223692746
rhizobium nepotum sp. nov. isolated from tumors on different plant species.five gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria were isolated from galls on different plant species in hungary: strain 39/7(t) from prunus cerasifera myrobalan, strain 0 from grapevine var. ezerjó, strain 7/1 from raspberry var. findus and in poland, strain c3.4.1 from colt rootstock (prunus avium × prunus pseudocerasus) and strain cp17.2.2 from prunus avium. only one of these isolates, strain 0, is able to cause crown gall on different plant species. on the basis of 16s rrna gene seq ...201222463808
complete nucleotide sequences and genome organization of a cherry isolate of cherry leaf roll virus.the complete nucleotide sequence of cherry leaf roll virus (clrv, genus nepovirus) from a naturally infected cherry tree (prunus avium cv. bing) in north america was determined. rna1 and rna2 consist of 7,893 and 6,492 nucleotides, respectively, plus a poly-(a) tail. each rna encodes a single potential open reading frame. the first 657 nucleotides of rna1 and rna2 are 99% identical and include the 5'-utr and the first 214 deduced amino acids of the polyproteins following the first of two in-fram ...201222218961
evaluation of the allergenicity potential of tcpr-10 protein from theobroma cacao.the pathogenesis related protein pr10 (tcpr-10), obtained from the theobroma cacao-moniliophthora perniciosa interaction library, presents antifungal activity against m. perniciosa and acts in vitro as a ribonuclease. however, despite its biotechnological potential, the tcpr-10 has the p-loop motif similar to those of some allergenic proteins such as bet v 1 (betula verrucosa) and pru av 1 (prunus avium). the insertion of mutations in this motif can produce proteins with reduced allergenic power ...201222768037
identification of a skp1-like protein interacting with sfb, the pollen s determinant of the gametophytic self-incompatibility in prunus.many species in rosaceae, solanaceae, and plantaginaceae exhibit s-rnase-based self-incompatibility (si). in this system, the pistil and pollen specificities are determined by s-rnase and the s locus f-box protein, respectively. the pollen s determinant f-box protein in prunus (rosaceae) is referred to by two different terms, sfb (for s-haplotype-specific f-box protein) and slf (for s locus f box), whereas it is called slf in solanaceae and plantaginaceae. prunus sfb is thought to be a molecule ...201222548785
plant species differences in particulate matter accumulation on leaf surfaces.particulate matter (pm) accumulation on leaves of 22 trees and 25 shrubs was examined in test fields in norway and poland. leaf pm in different particle size fractions (pm(10), pm(2.5), pm(0.2)) differed among the species, by 10- to 15-folds at both test sites. pinus mugo and pinus sylvestris, taxus media and taxus baccata, stephanandra incisa and betula pendula were efficient species in capturing pm. less efficient species were acer platanoides, prunus avium and tilia cordata. differences among ...201222554531
identification of putative candidate genes involved in cuticle formation in prunus avium (sweet cherry) fruit.the cuticular membrane (cm) of prunus avium (sweet cherry) and other fleshy fruit is under stress. previous research indicates that the resultant strain promotes microscopic cuticular cracking. microcracks impair the function of the cm as a barrier against pathogens and uncontrolled water loss/uptake. stress and strain result from a cessation of cm deposition during early development, while the fruit surface continues to expand. the cessation of cm deposition, in turn, may be related to an early ...201222610921
polyphenolic profile as a useful tool to identify the wood used in wine aging.although oak wood is the main material used in cooperage, other species are being considered as possible sources of wood for the production of wines and their derived products. in this work we have compared the phenolic composition of acacia (robinia pseudoacacia), chestnut (castanea sativa), cherry (prunus avium) and ash (fraxinus excelsior and f. americana) heartwoods, by using hplc-dad/esi-ms/ms (some of these data have been showed in previous paper), as well as the changes that toasting inte ...201222688032
melatonin promotes adventitious root regeneration in in vitro shoot tip explants of the commercial sweet cherry rootstocks cab-6p (prunus cerasus l.), gisela 6 (p. cerasus × p. canescens), and mxm 60 (p. avium × p. mahaleb).the objectives of this study were to test the effects of melatonin (n-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), a natural compound of edible plants on the rooting of certain commercial sweet cherry rootstocks. shoot tip explants from previous in vitro cultures of the cherry rootstocks cab-6p (prunus cerasus l.), gisela 6 (p. cerasus × p. canescens), and m × m 60 (p. avium × p. mahaleb) were included in the experiment. the effect of indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) and indole-3-butyric acid (iba) alone or in combin ...201221749439
compositional variation in sugars and organic acids at different maturity stages in selected small fruits from pakistan.selected soluble sugars and organic acids were analyzed in strawberry, sweet cherry, and mulberry fruits at different ripening stages by hplc. the amounts of fructose, glucose and sucrose were found to be: strawberry (1.79-2.86, 1.79-2.25 and 0.01-0.25 g/100 g fw), sweet cherry (0.76-2.35, 0.22-3.39 and 0.03-0.13 g/100 g) and mulberry (3.07-9.41, 1.53-4.95 and 0.01-0.25 g/100 g) at un-ripened to fully-ripened stages, respectively. the strawberry, sweet cherry and mulberry mainly contained tartar ...201222408396
development and evaluation of a genome-wide 6k snp array for diploid sweet cherry and tetraploid sour cherry.high-throughput genome scans are important tools for genetic studies and breeding applications. here, a 6k snp array for use with the illumina infinium® system was developed for diploid sweet cherry (prunus avium) and allotetraploid sour cherry (p. cerasus). this effort was led by rosbreed, a community initiative to enable marker-assisted breeding for rosaceous crops. next-generation sequencing in diverse breeding germplasm provided 25 billion basepairs (gb) of cherry dna sequence from which wer ...201223284615
melatonin enhances root regeneration, photosynthetic pigments, biomass, total carbohydrates and proline content in the cherry rootstock phl-c (prunus avium × prunus cerasus).the present study, investigates the effects of melatonin (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5 and 10 μm) on the morphogenic and biochemical responses in the cherry rootstock phl-c (prunus avium l. × prunus cerasus l.), from shoot tip explants. the incorporation of melatonin (0-10 μm) in the murashige and skoog (ms) medium, greatly influenced rooting either positively or negatively. melatonin, irrespective of its concentration, had a negative effect concerning the number of roots. however, application of 0.5 ...201223127522
purification and chemical characterisation of a cell wall-associated β-galactosidase from mature sweet cherry (prunus avium l.) fruit.using four different chromatographic steps, β-galactosidase was purified from the ripe fruit of sweet cherry to apparent electrophoretic homogeneity with approximately 131-fold purification. the prunus avium β-galactosidase showed an apparent molecular mass of about 100 kda and consisted of four different active polypeptides with pis of about 7.9, 7.4, 6.9 and 6.4 as estimated by native ief and β-galactosidase-activity staining. the active polypeptides were individually excised from the gel and ...201223121861
formulation of indomethacin emulsion using biopolymer of prunus avium.the aim of the investigation was to formulate indomethacin emulsion using bio-polymer as emulsifier. different batches of emulsions were prepared by varying concentration of biopolymer prunus avium. based evaluation of the prepared polymers, a conclusion can be drawn that in the prunus avium bio-material can serve as a promising film forming agent for formulating various drug.201223066192
genetic variability of wild cherry (prunus avium l.) seed stands in slovenia as revealed by nuclear microsatellite loci.microsatellite markers were used to describe the genetic variability of four seed stands of wild cherry (prunus avium l.). one hundred and thirty one individuals were genotyped at ten nuclear microsatellite loci. total genetic diversity was high (h(e) = 0.704), while differences between stands were small but significant (f(st) = 0.053, g'(st) = 0.234). there was a significant amount of clonal reproduction in one stand, with only 11 genotypes identified among 36 trees. one stand showed a signific ...201222911762
development and cross-species/genera transferability of microsatellite markers discovered using 454 genome sequencing in chokecherry (prunus virginiana l.).chokecherry (prunus virginiana l.) (2n = 4x = 32) is a unique prunus species for both genetics and disease-resistance research due to its tetraploid nature and x-disease resistance. however, no genetic and genomic information on chokecherry is available. a partial chokecherry genome was sequenced using roche 454 sequencing technology. a total of 145,094 reads covering 4.8 mbp of the chokecherry genome were generated and 15,113 contigs were assembled, of which 11,675 contigs were larger than 100  ...201222837059
comparison of the genetic determinism of two key phenological traits, flowering and maturity dates, in three prunus species: peach, apricot and sweet cherry.the present study investigates the genetic determinism of flowering and maturity dates, two traits highly affected by global climate change. flowering and maturity dates were evaluated on five progenies from three prunus species, peach, apricot and sweet cherry, during 3-8 years. quantitative trait locus (qtl) detection was performed separately for each year and also by integrating data from all years together. high heritability estimates were obtained for flowering and maturity dates. several q ...201222828898
genetic diversity and relatedness of sweet cherry (prunus avium l.) cultivars based on single nucleotide polymorphic markers.most previous studies on genetic fingerprinting and cultivar relatedness in sweet cherry were based on isoenzyme, rapd, and simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers. this study was carried out to assess the utility of single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) markers generated from 3' untranslated regions (utr) for genetic fingerprinting in sweet cherry. a total of 114 sweet cherry germplasm representing advanced selections, commercial cultivars, and old cultivars imported from different parts of the wor ...201222737155
soluble sugars and sucrose-metabolizing enzymes related to cold acclimation of sweet cherry cultivars grafted on different rootstocks.the bark tissues were collected from 4-year-old sweet cherry trees cvs. 0900 ziraat and lambert grafted on gisela 5 and mazzard rootstocks in cold-acclimated (ca) and nonacclimated (na) stages. bark tissues subjected to 4 °c and -5 °c injured to a limited extent in both stages. however, more than 50% injury occurred by temperatures equal to or colder than -15 °c only in na period. total soluble sugar (tss), reducing sugars, and sucrose contents were higher in ca than those in na stages in all sa ...201222629228
down-regulation of photosynthesis following girdling, but contrasting effects on fruit set and retention, in two sweet cherry cultivars.sweet cherry (prunus avium) trees were manipulated to analyse the contribution of soluble sugars to sink feedback down-regulation of leaf net co2 assimilation rate (anet) and fruit set and quality attributes. total soluble sugar concentration and anet were measured in the morning on fully expanded leaves of girdled branches in two sweet cherry cultivars, 'kordia' and 'sylvia' characterised typically by low and high crop load, respectively. leaves on girdled trees had higher soluble sugar concent ...201324189522
cell number regulator genes in prunus provide candidate genes for the control of fruit size in sweet and sour cherry.striking increases in fruit size distinguish cultivated descendants from small-fruited wild progenitors for fleshy fruited species such as solanum lycopersicum (tomato) and prunus spp. (peach, cherry, plum, and apricot). the first fruit weight gene identified as a result of domestication and selection was the tomato fw2.2 gene. members of the fw2.2 gene family in corn (zea mays) have been named cnr (cell number regulator) and two of them exert their effect on organ size by modulating cell number ...201323976873
conventional and ultrasound-assisted extraction of anthocyanins from blackberry and sweet cherry cultivars.blackberry and sweet cherry are important plant foods rich in anthocyanins well-known for their pharmacological and antioxidant effects. the aim of the present paper was to comparatively investigate conventional and ultrasound-assisted extraction procedures in order to isolate an enriched crude anthocyanin extract from blackberry (thornfree cultivar) and sweet cherry (black gold cultivar). hydroethanolic solution and acidified ethanol were used to conventionally extract anthocyanins by a discont ...201323878943
non-targeted 1h nmr fingerprinting and multivariate statistical analyses for the characterisation of the geographical origin of italian sweet cherries.in this study, non-targeted (1)h nmr fingerprinting was used in combination with multivariate statistical techniques for the classification of italian sweet cherries based on their different geographical origins (emilia romagna and puglia). as classification techniques, soft independent modelling of class analogy (simca), partial least squares discriminant analysis (pls-da), and linear discriminant analysis (lda) were carried out and the results were compared. for lda, before performing a refine ...201323871055
comparative genomics analysis in prunoideae to identify biologically relevant polymorphisms.prunus is an economically important genus with a wide range of physiological and biological variability. using the peach genome as a reference, sequencing reads from four almond accessions and one sweet cherry cultivar were used for comparative analysis of these three prunus species. reference mapping enabled the identification of many biological relevant polymorphisms within the individuals. examining the depth of the polymorphisms and the overall scaffold coverage, we identified many potential ...201323763653
measurement of antioxidant activity and antioxidant compounds under versatile extraction conditions: ii. the immuno-biochemical antioxidant properties of black sour cherry (prunus cerasus) extracts.retrospectively, we have measured the antioxidant activity and a variety of antioxidant compounds under versatile extraction conditions of sweet cherry (prunus avium) extracts. further in this study, in order to understand the biochemical constituents and antioxidant activities of a variety of extracts of black sour cherries (p. cerasus), a related species, antioxidant compounds, including l-ascorbic acid (vitamin c), phenols, flavonoids, and anthocyanins, and the total antioxidant activity were ...201323651230
inheritance of hetero-diploid pollen s-haplotype in self-compatible tetraploid chinese cherry (prunus pseudocerasus lindl).the breakdown of self-incompatibility, which could result from the accumulation of non-functional s-haplotypes or competitive interaction between two different functional s-haplotypes, has been studied extensively at the molecular level in tetraploid rosaceae species. in this study, two tetraploid chinese cherry (prunus pseudocerasus) cultivars and one diploid sweet cherry (prunus avium) cultivar were used to investigate the ploidy of pollen grains and inheritance of pollen-s alleles. genetic an ...201323596519
melatonin and its potential biological functions in the fruits of sweet cherry.melatonin is a well-known molecule which possesses many beneficial effects on human health. many agriculture products provide natural melatonin in the diet. cherry is one such fruit as they are rich in melatonin. in order to understand the biological roles of melatonin in cherry fruit, melatonin synthesis and its changes over 24 hr period were systematically monitored both during their development and in the ripe cherries in two cultivars, 'hongdeng' (prunus avium l. cv. hongdeng) and 'rainier' ...201323480341
construction and comparative analyses of highly dense linkage maps of two sweet cherry intra-specific progenies of commercial cultivars.despite the agronomical importance and high synteny with other prunus species, breeding improvements for cherry have been slow compared to other temperate fruits, such as apple or peach. however, the recent release of the peach genome v1.0 by the international peach genome initiative and the sequencing of cherry accessions to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) provide an excellent basis for the advancement of cherry genetic and genomic studies. the availability of dense genetic link ...201323382953
s genotyping in japanese plum and sweet cherry by allele-specific hybridization using streptavidin-coated magnetic beads.we report a rapid and reliable method for s genotyping of rosaceae fruit trees, which would to be useful for successful planting of cross-compatible cultivars in orchards. japanese plum (prunus salicina) and sweet cherry (prunus avium), belonging to the family rosaceae, possess gametophytic self-incompatibility controlled by a single polymorphic locus containing at least two linked genes, s-rnase and sfb (s-haplotype-specific f-box gene). for successful planting of cross-compatible cultivars of ...201323338476
molecular and quantitative signatures of biparental inbreeding depression in the self-incompatible tree species prunus avium.genetic diversity strongly influences populations' adaptability to changing environments and therefore survival. sustainable forest management practices have multiple roles including conservation of genetic resources and timber production. in this study, we aimed at better understanding the variation in genetic diversity among adult and offspring individuals, and the effects of mating system on offspring survival and growth in wild cherry, prunus avium. we analysed adult trees and open pollinate ...201323211795
micropropagation of prunus species relevant to cherry fruit production.cherry tree micropropagation is limited to the production of healthy cultivars of prunus avium and prunus cerasus, and their rootstocks; mainly the dwarfing ones. by using meristem-tip (0.1 mm long) or healthy shoot tips/nodes, four successive steps are needed to obtain whole plants capable of growing in the nursery: multiplication by axillary branching, shoot elongation, rooting, and plantlet acclimation. along this process, several parameters have to be adjusted for each phase of the culture, ...201323179694
morphological characterization of cherry rootstock candidates selected from central and east black sea regions in turkey.the use of rootstocks particularly for sweet cherry cultivars is of great importance for successful and sustainable production. choosing the right cherry rootstocks is just as important as choosing the right cultivar. in this study, 110 sweet cherry, 30 sour cherry, and 41 mahaleb types displaying rootstock potential for sweet cherry cultivars were selected from central and east black sea regions in turkey. the morphologic characteristics of the studied genotypes were compared with the standard ...201324453921
breeding in peach, cherry and plum: from a tissue culture, genetic, transcriptomic and genomic perspective.this review is an overview of traditional and modern breeding methodologies being used to develop new prunus cultivars (stone fruits) with major emphasis on peach, sweet cherry and japanese plum. to this end, common breeding tools used to produce seedlings, including in vitro culture tools, are discussed. additionally, the mechanisms of inheritance of many important agronomical traits are described. recent advances in stone fruit transcriptomics and genomic resources are providing an understandi ...201324346068
molecular analysis of east anatolian traditional plum and cherry accessions using ssr markers.we conducted ssr analyses of 59 accessions, including 29 traditional plum (prunus domestica), 24 sweet cherry (prunus avium), and 1 sour cherry (prunus cerasus) selected from east anatolian gene sources and 3 plum and 2 cherry reference accessions for molecular characterization and investigation of genetic relationships. eight ssr loci [1 developed from the apricot (udap-404), 4 from the peach (udp96-010, udp96-001, udp96-019, pchgms1) and 3 from the cherry (ucd-ch13, ucd-ch17, ucd-ch31) genome] ...201324301792
effects of 10-ghz microwaves on hematological parameters in swiss albino mice and their modulation by prunus avium.the objective of this study was to investigate the modulatory role of prunus avium fruit extract (pae) on several blood parameters after exposure to 10-ghz microwaves. swiss albino mice from an inbred colony were selected and divided into 3 groups. mice in group i served as the control; they were placed in a plexiglas cage (without energizing the system) for 2 hours/day for 30 consecutive days. group ii mice were exposed to 10-ghz microwaves for 2 hours/day for 30 consecutive days. mice in group ...201324266407
over-expression of the paap1 gene from sweet cherry (prunus avium l.) causes early flowering in arabidopsis thaliana.a homologue of squamosa/apetala1, designated paap1, was isolated from prunus avium by reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr). the full length of paap1 cdna is 753 bp, and it codes for a polypeptide of 250 amino acid residues. sequence comparison revealed that paap1 belongs to the mads-box gene family. phylogenetic analysis indicated that paap1 shared the highest identity with squa/ap1 homologues from prunus serrulata. real-time fluorescence quantitative pcr analysis showed that paap1 was expressed a ...201323206932
niche differentiation and colonization of a novel environment by an asexual parasitic wasp.how do asexual taxa become adapted to a diversity of environments, and how do they persist despite changing environmental conditions? these questions are linked by their mutual focus on the relationship between genetic variation, which is often limited in asexuals, and the ability to respond to environmental variation. asexual taxa originating from a single ancestor present a unique opportunity to assess rates of phenotypic and genetic change when access to new genetic variation is limited to mu ...201323517017
an ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by the local people of alaşehir (manisa) in turkey.this paper represents the first large-scale ethnobotanical study in the alaşehir and its surrounding (manisa/turkey). there are scarcely any studies for using plants. there is urgency in recording such data. this is the first ethnobotanical study in which statistical calculations about plants are done by icf (informant consensus factor) method. this study aimed to identify plants collected for medicinal purposes by the local people of alaşehir, located in the aegean region of turkey, and to docu ...201324126062
description of longidorus cholevae sp. n. (nematoda, dorylaimida) from a riparian habitat in the rila mountains, bulgaria.a description is provided of longidorus cholevae sp. n., a bisexual species associated with wild cherry (prunus avium l.) from the rila mountains, bulgaria. the position of l. cholevae sp. n. among other species of the genus was elucidated by using morphological and molecular data. phylogenetic analyses were performed of d2-d3 expansion domains of the 28s rrna and the partial its1 containing regions by neighbor-joining, maximum likelihood and bayesian inference methods. the species is characteri ...201324146553
engineering cherry rootstocks with resistance to prunus necrotic ring spot virus through rnai-mediated silencing.prunus necrotic ringspot virus (pnrsv) is a major pollen-disseminated ilarvirus that adversely affects many prunus species. in this study, an rna interference (rnai) vector part27-pnrsv containing an inverted repeat (ir) region of pnrsv was transformed into two hybrid (triploid) cherry rootstocks, 'gisela 6' (gi 148-1) and 'gisela 7'(gi 148-8)', which are tolerant and sensitive, respectively, to pnrsv infection. one year after inoculation with pnrsv plus prune dwarf virus, nontransgenic 'gisela ...201323521804
simultaneous detection and identification of four cherry viruses by two step multiplex rt-pcr with an internal control of plant nad5 mrna.a multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (mrt-pcr) was developed and standardized for the simultaneous detection of four cherry viruses: cherry virus a (cva, genus; capillovirus), cherry necrotic rusty mottle virus (cnrmv, unassigned species of the betaflexiviridae), little cherry virus 1 (lchv-1, genus; closterovirus) and prunus necrotic ringspot virus (pnrsv, genus; ilarvirus) with nad5 as plant internal control. a reliable and quick method for total plant rna extraction fro ...201323707922
viruses associated with rusty mottle and twisted leaf diseases of sweet cherry are distinct species.virus rna sequences related to those of the family betaflexiviridae were amplified from trees affected with the following diseases: cherry twisted leaf, apricot ring pox, cherry necrotic rusty mottle, cherry rusty mottle, and cherry green ring mottle. phylogenetic analysis of virus sequences obtained from these diseased trees from western north america, along with published sequences of cherry green ring mottle virus (cgrmv) and cherry necrotic rusty mottle virus (cnrmv), revealed four major cla ...201324219146
complete nucleotide sequence of a virus associated with rusty mottle disease of sweet cherry (prunus avium).cherry rusty mottle is a disease of sweet cherries first described in 1940 in western north america. because of the graft-transmissible nature of the disease, a viral nature of the disease was assumed. here, the complete genomic nucleotide sequences of virus isolates from two trees expressing cherry rusty mottle disease symptoms are characterized; the virus is designated cherry rusty mottle associated virus (crmav). the biological and molecular characteristics of this virus in comparison to thos ...201323525699
measurement of antioxidant activity and antioxidant compounds under versatile extraction conditions: i. the immuno-biochemical antioxidant properties of sweet cherry (prunus avium) extracts.previously, we have meticulously examined the efficacy of the measurable antimicrobial activity of sweet cherry (prunus avium) extracts on a wide spectrum of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, in addition to the fungus, candida albicans, a priori. in order to further understand the biochemical constituents and antioxidant activities of a variety of extracts of sweet cherries, antioxidant compounds of immunological significance, including l-ascorbic acid (vitamin c), phenols, flavonoids, a ...201323531198
cryopreservation of prunus avium l. embryogenic tissues.embryogenic tissues from wild cherry (prunus avium l.) were successfully cryopreserved by using a one-step freezing procedure. cryoprotection consisted of a pretreatment on solid medium with increasing sucrose concentrations (0.25 m for 1 day, 0.5 m for 1 day, 0.75 m for 2 days, and 1.0 m for 3 days), followed by air desiccation to about 20 percent moisture content (fresh weight basis). this method was compared with a pretreatment on solid medium containing 5 percent dmso and 2 percent proline, ...201316547548
survey of cherry necrotic rusty mottle virus and cherry green ring mottle virus incidence in korea by duplex rt-pcr.the incidence of cherry necrotic rusty mottle virus (cnrmv) and cherry green ring mottle virus (cgrmv) have recently been occurred in korea, posing a problem for sweet cherry cultivation. since infected trees have symptomless leaves or ring-like spots on the pericarp, it is difficult to identify a viral infection. in this study, the incidence of cnrmv and cgrmv in sweet cherry in gyeongbuk province was surveyed using a newly developed duplex reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pc ...201425506311
simultaneous detection of cherry necrotic rusty mottle virus and cherry green ring mottle virus using real-time pcr and high resolution melting analysis.in this study, the real-time pcr assays were combined with high resolution melting (hrm) analysis for the simultaneous detection of cherry necrotic rusty mottle virus (cnrmv) and cherry green ring mottle virus (cgrmv) infection in sweet cherry trees. detection of cnrmv and cgrmv was performed in a real-time pcr using a primer set for both of them or duplex real-time pcr that included one specific primer set for each virus. these two strategies allowed us to confirmed virus infection in all teste ...201424675146
high-throughput sequencing as an effective approach in profiling small rnas derived from a hairpin rna expression vector in woody plants.hairpin rna (hprna)-mediated gene silencing has proved to be an efficient approach to develop virus-resistant transgenic plants. to characterize small rna molecules (srnas) derived from an hprna expression vector in transgenic cherry rootstock plants, we conducted small rna sequencing of (1) a transgenic rootstock containing an inverted repeat of the partial coat protein of prunus necrotic ring spot virus (pnrsv-hprna); (2) a nontransgenic rootstock; and (3) a pnrsv-infected sweet cherry plant. ...201425438784
rootstock-to-scion transfer of transgene-derived small interfering rnas and their effect on virus resistance in nontransgenic sweet cherry.small interfering rnas (sirnas) are silencing signals in plants. virus-resistant transgenic rootstocks developed through sirna-mediated gene silencing may enhance virus resistance of nontransgenic scions via sirnas transported from the transgenic rootstocks. however, convincing evidence of rootstock-to-scion movement of sirnas of exogenous genes in woody plants is still lacking. to determine whether exogenous sirnas can be transferred, nontransgenic sweet cherry (scions) was grafted on transgeni ...201425132092
rapid detection of prunus necrotic ringspot virus using magnetic nanoparticle-assisted reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification.prunus necrotic ringspot virus (pnrsv) has seriously reduced the yield of prunus species worldwide. in this study, a highly efficient and specific two-step reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) was developed to detect pnrsv. total rna was extracted from sweet cherry leaf samples using a commercial kit based on a magnetic nanoparticle technique. transcripts were used as the templates for the assay. the results of this assay can be detected using agarose gel electr ...201425110116
rapid and sensitive detection of little cherry virus 2 using isothermal reverse transcription-recombinase polymerase amplification.little cherry virus 2 (lchv2) (genus ampelovirus) is the primary causal agent of little cherry disease (lcd) in sweet cherry (prunus avium) in north america and other parts of the world. this mealybug-transmitted virus does not induce significant foliar symptoms in most sweet cherry cultivars, but does cause virus-infected trees to yield unevenly ripened small fruits with poor flavor. most fruits from infected trees are unmarketable. in the present study, an isothermal reverse transcription-reco ...201424797461
a role for pacmyba in aba-regulated anthocyanin biosynthesis in red-colored sweet cherry cv. hong deng (prunus avium l.).the myb transcription factors and plant hormone aba have been suggested to play a role in fruit anthocyanin biosynthesis, but supporting genetic evidence has been lacking in sweet cherry. the present study describes the first functional characterization of an r2r3-myb transcription factor, pacmyba, from red-colored sweet cherry cv. hong deng (prunus avium l.). transient promoter assays demonstrated that pacmyba physically interacted with several anthocyanin-related basic helix-loop-helix (bhlh) ...201424443499
endophytic bacteria in plant tissue culture: differences between easy- and difficult-to-propagate prunus avium genotypes.the endophytic bacterial communities of six prunus avium l. genotypes differing in their growth patterns during in vitro propagation were identified by culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. five morphologically distinct isolates from tissue culture material were identified by 16s rdna sequence analysis. to detect and analyze the uncultivable fraction of endophytic bacteria, a clone library was established from the amplified 16s rdna of total plant extract. bacterial diversity within ...201424812040
determination of the bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity and chemical composition of brazilian blackberry, red raspberry, strawberry, blueberry and sweet cherry fruits.this study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition, identify the bioactive compounds and measure the antioxidant activity present in blackberry, red raspberry, strawberry, sweet cherry and blueberry fruits produced in the subtropical areas of brazil and to verify that the chemical properties of these fruit are similar when compared to the temperate production zones. compared with berries and cherries grown in temperate climates, the centesimal composition and physical chemical characteristics ...201424629981
seasonal distributions of the western cherry fruit fly (diptera: tephritidae) among host and nonhost fruit trees.seasonal distributions of the western cherry fruit fly, rhagoletis indifferens curran (diptera: tephritidae), in sweet cherry (prunus avium (l.) l.) (major host), black hawthorn (occasional developmental host) (crataegus douglasii lindley), and other trees were determined in a ponderosa pine ecosystem in washington state, usa. the hypothesis that most fly dispersal from cherry trees occurs after fruit senesce or drop was tested, with emphasis on movement to black hawthorn trees. sweet cherry fru ...201425527581
assessing the potential for establishment of western cherry fruit fly using ecological niche modeling.sweet cherries, prunus avium (l.) l., grown in the western united states are exported to many countries around the world. some of these countries have enforced strict quarantine rules and trade restrictions owing to concerns about the potential establishment and subsequent spread of western cherry fruit fly, rhagoletis indifferens curran (diptera: tephritidae), a major quarantine pest of sweet cherry. we used 1) niche models (climex and maxent) to map the climatic suitability, 2) north carolina ...201425026662
inhibitory effects of sweet cherry anthocyanins on the obesity development in c57bl/6 mice.in the present study, purified sweet cherry anthocyanins (cacn) were evaluated to determine their inhibitory effects on adipocyte differentiation of 3t3-l1 cells and their anti-obesity properties in male c57bl/6 mice fed with high-fat diet (hfd). cacn prevented hfd-induced obesity in c57bl/6 mice. in vivo experiment revealed that 40 and 200 mg/kg of cacn in food reduced the body weight by 5.2% and 11.2%, respectively. cacn supplementation could also reduce the size of adipocytes, leptin secretio ...201424224922
free and glycosidically bound aroma compounds in cherry (prunus avium l.).this paper reports the occurrence of both free and glycosidically bound aroma compounds in three sweet cherry cultivars ('hongdeng', 'hongyan' and 'rainier'), with 97 compounds being identified in the three cultivars. the major free volatile compounds found were hexanal, (e)-2-hexenal, (e)-2-hexen-1-ol, benzyl alcohol and benzaldehyde. the major bound volatile compounds found were benzyl alcohol, geraniol, 2-phenylethanol. also 4-vinylphenol was found in cherry fruit for the first time, and has ...201424444903
genetic determinism of phenological traits highly affected by climate change in prunus avium: flowering date dissected into chilling and heat requirements.the present study investigated the genetic determinism of flowering date (fd), dissected into chilling (cr) and heat (hr) requirements. elucidation of the genetic determinism of flowering traits is crucial to anticipate the increasing of ecological misalignment of adaptative traits with novel climate conditions in most temperate-fruit species. cr and hr were evaluated over 3 yr and fd over 5 yr in an intraspecific sweet cherry (prunus avium) f1 progeny, and fd over 6 yr in a different f1 progeny ...201424417538
transcriptional dynamics of the developing sweet cherry (prunus avium l.) fruit: sequencing, annotation and expression profiling of exocarp-associated genes.the exocarp, or skin, of fleshy fruit is a specialized tissue that protects the fruit, attracts seed dispersing fruit eaters, and has large economical relevance for fruit quality. development of the exocarp involves regulated activities of many genes. this research analyzed global gene expression in the exocarp of developing sweet cherry (prunus avium l., 'regina'), a fruit crop species with little public genomic resources. a catalog of transcript models (contigs) representing expressed genes wa ...201426504533
biaxial tensile tests identify epidermis and hypodermis as the main structural elements of sweet cherry skin.the skin of developing soft and fleshy fruit is subjected to considerable growth stress, and failure of the skin is associated with impaired barrier properties in water transport and pathogen defence. the objectives were to establish a standardized, biaxial tensile test of the skin of soft and fleshy fruit and to use it to characterize and quantify mechanical properties of the sweet cherry (prunus avium) fruit skin as a model. a segment of the exocarp (es) comprising cuticle, epidermis, hypoderm ...201424876301
quality and antioxidant properties on sweet cherries as affected by preharvest salicylic and acetylsalicylic acids treatments.the effects of salicylic acid (sa) or acetylsalicylic acid (asa) treatments during on-tree cherry growth and ripening on fruit quality attributes, especially those related with the content on bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity were analysed in this research. for this purpose, two sweet cherry cultivars, 'sweet heart' and 'sweet late', were used and sa or asa treatments, at 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0mm concentrations, were applied at three key points of fruit development (pit hardening, initial c ...201424799232
the effect of postharvest calcium application in hydro-cooling water on tissue calcium content, biochemical changes, and quality attributes of sweet cherry fruit.to improve storage/shipping quality of sweet cherry (prunus avium l.), the effect of calcium chloride (cacl2) added to hydro-cooling water on physiological and biochemical processes related to fruit and pedicel quality was investigated on two major cultivars. the fruit tissue ca content increased up to 29-85% logarithmically for 'sweetheart' and 39-188% linearly for 'lapins' as cacl2 rate increased from 0.2% to 2.0% at 0 °c for 5 min. the increase of fruit tissue ca content was accompanied by re ...201424799204
mitochondrial coi and morphological evidence for host specificity of the black cherry aphids myzus cerasi (fabricius, 1775) collected from different cherry tree species in europe (hemiptera, aphididae).partial sequences of the mitochondrial coi gene of forty eight european and two turkish population samples of myzus cerasi from different winter hosts (prunus spp.) were subjected to phylogenetic analyses. the analysed m. cerasi samples emerged as paraphyletic relative to a myzus borealis sample used as an out-group, and formed two major clades in neighbor joining, maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and bayesian inference trees, corresponding to subspecies living specifically on prunus avium ...201424715766
preharvest application of oxalic acid increased fruit size, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant capacity in sweet cherry cultivars (prunus avium l.).trees of 'sweet heart' and 'sweet late' sweet cherry cultivars (prunus avium l.) were treated with oxalic acid (oa) at 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mm at 98, 112, and 126 days after full blossom. results showed that all treatments increased fruit size at harvest, manifested by higher fruit volume and weight in cherries from treated trees than from controls, the higher effect being found with 2.0 mm oa (18 and 30% higher weight for 'sweet heart' and 'sweet late', respectively). other quality parameters, suc ...201424684635
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