Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| on-line hplc detection of tocopherols and other antioxidants through the formation of a phosphomolybdenum complex. | an on-line method to detect and quantify antioxidant species in complex extracts has been developed as a combination of conventional hplc separation and a postcolumn reaction with phosphomolybdenum reagent at acidic ph. sample analytes were chromatographed by hplc, and the postcolumn formation of a phosphate/mo(v) complex was detected at 598 nm with an on-line absorbance detector. an optimized instrumental system was set up using pure alpha-tocopherol, and it was successfully tested with complex ... | 2002 | 12033800 |
| the treatment of functional dyspepsia with red pepper. | : to decrease the intensity of dyspeptic symptoms by impairing the visceral nociceptive c-type fibres with capsaicin, contained in red pepper powder. | 2002 | 12030948 |
| sensitivity to methacholine and capsaicin in patients with unclear respiratory symptoms. | capsaicin, the pungent ingredient in red pepper, is known to stimulate coughing via the sensory nervous system. earlier studies showed that patients with airway symptoms induced by chemicals and strong scents cough more after inhalation of capsaicin than healthy control subjects and this has been interpreted as a hyperreactivity of airway sensory nerves. our aim was to study airway sensitivity to inhaled capsaicin and the occurrence of airway symptoms induced by strong scents in patients who und ... | 2002 | 12028115 |
| [effect of fertilization on the qualities of sweet pepper in greenhouse culture]. | in order to study the effect of fertilization on the qualities of sweet pepper(capsicum annul l) cultured in greenhouse, the experiment was carried out by drop irrigation. the results showed that the most sensitive organ of sweet pepper for nitrate was lateral branch, in which the nitrate content was highest. the nitrate content in leaf was lower than that in lateral branch, and in fruit, the nitrate content was the lowest. high fertilization of n, p and k had no negative influence on content of ... | 2002 | 11962323 |
| red pepper and functional dyspepsia. | 2002 | 11907302 | |
| occurrence of zearalenone in korean barley and corn foods. | the presence of zearalenone (zen) in korean foods such as barley, barley-based foods, corn, corn-based foods, fruits and vegetables was investigated by direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (dcelisa) and the liquid chromatography (lc) method. a total of 164 samples was collected from seoul, korea, in 1998 and 1999 including 30 barley, 32 barley-based foods, 18 corn, 47 corn-based foods, 19 dried red pepper, nine dried jujube, and nine dried persimmon. average recoveries of zen fro ... | 2002 | 11820497 |
| genetic diversity underlying capsaicin intake in the mishima battery of mouse strains. | capsaicin is the active substance responsible for the pungent sensation produced by red pepper. in order to approach the underlying genetic mechanism for preference of red pepper, we conducted a 12-h, 1-bottle intake test of capsaicin solution using both male and female animals from the mishima battery of mouse strains: 10 wild-derived inbred strains (pgn2, bfm/2, hmi, cast/ei, njl, blg2, chd, swn, kjr, msm), 1 strain derived from the so-called fancy mouse (jf1), and 3 widely used laboratory str ... | 2002 | 11827737 |
| traditional production, consumption and storage of kunu--a non alcoholic cereal beverage. | a survey of the production, consumption and storage of kunu was carried out. some of the information included consumption rate, processing techniques and equipment, producer's status and grains used. about 73% consume kunu daily, 26% occasionally; 1% know it is produced but may or may not be consuming it. millet (pennisetum typhoideum), sorghum (sorghum vulgare), maize (zea mays), rice (oryza sativa) and acha (digitalis exilis) were used in its production in decreasing order of preference. the g ... | 2002 | 11855622 |
| studies on the antimicrobial mechanisms of capsaicin using yeast dna microarray. | capsaicin is a pungent element in a variety of red peppers that are widely used as food additives and considered to be an antimicrobial factor. for our tests, we used yeast dna micro-array methods to understand the mechanisms of inhibitory effects of capsaicin. the capsaicin treatment significantly induced 39 genes from approximately 6,000 genes. these induced genes were classified as multi-drug resistance transporter genes, membrane biosynthesis genes, genes encoding stress proteins, and unchar ... | 2002 | 12005045 |
| ground red peppers: capsaicinoids content, scoville scores, and discrimination by an electronic nose. | high-pressure liquid chromatography (hplc) was used to determine the capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, and total capsaicinoids levels of different ground red pepper samples obtained from local retail markets in izmir, turkey. scoville scores were determined using sensory tests. an electronic nose (en) was used to discriminate ground red pepper samples by headspace volatiles. en data were analyzed using discriminant function analysis (dfa). an overall correct classification rate of pepper varieties by ... | 2002 | 12009995 |
| nitrate pollution in groundwater and strategies to reduce pollution. | the input-intensive rainfed tropical ecosystem, where wet season (ws) rice (oriza sativa l.)-dry season (ds) diversified high-value upland crops like vegetables predominate, has resulted in a problem of a large leakage of n into the environment, thereby polluting the water. excessive use of n fertilizer in high-value crops grown in ds is economically motivated. out of twenty water sources evaluated in a watershed with a total area of 265 ha located in magnuang, ilocos norte, philippines, twelve ... | 2002 | 12079116 |
| immunosuppressive activity of capsaicinoids: capsiate derived from sweet peppers inhibits nf-kappab activation and is a potent antiinflammatory compound in vivo. | capsiate and its dihydroderivatives are the major capsaicinoids of sweet pepper. these new capsaicinoids do not activate the vanilloid receptor type 1 (vr1) but they share with capsaicin (cps)some biological activities mediated in a vr1-independent fashion. in this study we show that cps and nordihydrocapsiate (cpt) inhibit early and late events in t cell activation, including cd69, cd25 and icam-1 cell surface expression, progression to the s phase of the cell cycle and proliferation in respons ... | 2002 | 12115659 |
| street foods in accra, ghana: how safe are they? | to investigate the microbial quality of foods sold on streets of accra and factors predisposing to their contamination. | 2002 | 12163918 |
| constitutive expression of hrap gene in transgenic tobacco plant enhances resistance against virulent bacterial pathogens by induction of a hypersensitive response. | hypersensitive response-assisting protein (hrap) has been previously reported as an amphipathic plant protein isolated from sweet pepper that intensifies the harpin(pss)-mediated hypersensitive response (hr). the hrap gene has no appreciable similarity to any other known sequences, and its activity can be rapidly induced by incompatible pathogen infection. to assess the function of the hrap gene in plant disease resistance, the camv 35s promoter was used to express sweet pepper hrap in transgeni ... | 2002 | 12182333 |
| biosynthesis of terpenes: studies on 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(e)-butenyl 4-diphosphate reductase. | earlier in vivo studies showed the involvement of isph protein in the conversion of 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(e)-butenyl 4-diphosphate into isopentenyl diphosphate (ipp) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (dmapp). we have demonstrated now that cell extract of an escherichia coli strain engineered for hyperexpression of the isph (lytb) gene catalyzes the in vitro conversion of 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(e)-butenyl 4-diphosphate into ipp and dmapp. the reaction requires nadh, fad, divalent cations (preferably c ... | 2002 | 12198182 |
| suppression of phorbol ester-induced nf-kappab activation by capsaicin in cultured human promyelocytic leukemia cells. | capsaicin, a major pungent constituent of red pepper (capsicum annuum l.) possesses a vast variety of pharmacologic and physiologic activities. despite its irritant properties, the compound exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects. previous studies from this laboratory revealed that capsaicin, when topically applied onto dorsal skin of female icr mice, strongly attenuated activation of nf-kappab and ap-1 induced by the typical tumor promoter, 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (tp ... | 2002 | 12214859 |
| insecticide resistance in field populations of frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) in murcia (south-east spain). | thirty-nine field populations of frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) were collected from different crops (sweet pepper, tomato, lettuce, artichoke, melon, cucumber, carnation, broad bean, peach and plum) in murcia (south-east spain). all populations were reared separately in the laboratory to obtain enough individuals for bioassays. female thrips were bioassayed, using a standard topical application method, against methiocarb, methamidophos, acrinathrin, endosulfan, deltamethrin and formetanat ... | 2002 | 12233190 |
| mechanism of potent antiperoxidative effect of capsaicin. | the effect of a pungent ingredient of red pepper, capsaicin, on lipid peroxidation of rat liver mitochondria (rlm) induced by adp/fe(2+) was studied. capsaicin inhibited the lipid peroxidation significantly, being more effective than the well-known antioxidant alpha-tocopherol. capsaicin was also found to scavenge 1,1'-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) radicals both in solution and in membranes, especially the latter. capsaicin was found to scavenge radicals both at/near the membrane surface and ... | 2002 | 12383946 |
| antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of common vegetables. | epidemiological studies have shown that consumption of fruits and vegetables is associated with reduced risk of chronic diseases. increased consumption of fruits and vegetables containing high levels of phytochemicals has been recommended to prevent chronic diseases related to oxidative stress in the human body. in this study, 10 common vegetables were selected on the basis of consumption per capita data in the united states. a more complete profile of phenolic distributions, including both free ... | 2002 | 12405796 |
| mycomon-monitoring project of toxigenic fungi in food in years 1999 - 2001. | an occurrence of the toxigenic fungi producing aflatoxins and ochratoxin a in food was investigated in the study ("mycomon") in years 1999-2001. twenty five commodities were purchased from retail in twelve collection places in the czech republic (300 food samples together). the presence of potentially toxigenic fungiaspergillus flavus was observed in 28% of the sampled food (black pepper, black tea, caraway seeds, fine flour, fruit tea, oat flakes) in the year 1999, in 17% of the sampled food (b ... | 2002 | 23606161 |
| inheritance of resistance to meloidogyne incognita race 2 in the hot pepper cultivar carolina cayenne (capsicum annuum l.). | root-knot nematodes of the genus meloidogyne are important pathogens affecting vegetable crop production in brazil and worldwide. the pepper species capsicum annuum includes both hot and sweet peppers; very little emphasis has been placed on breeding sweet peppers for nematode resistance. we report on the inheritance of resistance to meloidogyne incognita (kofoid & white) chitwood race 2 in the hot pepper cultivar carolina cayenne. the hot pepper cv. carolina cayenne was used as seed parent and ... | 2002 | 14963835 |
| attraction of phytoseiulus persimilis (acari: phytoseiidae) towards volatiles from various tetranychus urticae-infested plant species. | plants infested with the spider mite tetranychus urticae koch, may indirectly defend themselves by releasing volatiles that attract the predatory mite phytoseiulus persimilis athias-henriot. several plants from different plant families that varied in the level of spider mite acceptance were tested in an olfactometer. the predatory mites were significantly attracted to the spider mite-infested leaves of all test plant species. no differences in attractiveness of the infested plant leaves were fou ... | 2002 | 17598305 |
| host-range characterization of two pratylenchus coffeae isolates from brazil. | two isolates of pratylenchus coffeae were collected from coffee roots (in marília, são paulo state, brazil) and aglaonema (in rio de janeiro city, rio de janeiro state, brazil) and maintained in the laboratory on alfalfa callus. twenty-four plants were tested in the greenhouse to characterize the host preference of these isolates. the host ranges of the isolates differed from each other and, interestingly, coffee, banana, and citrus were not among the better hosts of either isolate. rather, sorg ... | 2002 | 19265921 |
| analysis of antioxidant activities of common vegetables employing oxygen radical absorbance capacity (orac) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (frap) assays: a comparative study. | a total of 927 freeze-dried vegetable samples, including 111 white cabbages, 59 carrots, 51 snap beans, 57 cauliflower, 33 white onions, 48 purple onions, 130 broccoli, 169 tomatoes, 25 beets, 88 peas, 88 spinach, 18 red peppers, and 50 green peppers, were analyzed using the oxygen radical absorption capacity (orac) and ferric reducing antioxidant capacity (frap) methods. the data show that the orac and frap values of vegetable are not only dependent on species, but also highly dependent on geog ... | 2002 | 12009973 |
| dietary factors and gastric cancer in korea: a case-control study. | to assess gastric cancer (gc) risk in relation to dietary intake in korea, a case-control study was performed. trained dietitians interviewed 136 patients diagnosed with gc, and the same number of controls were selected by matching sex, age and hospital. a significant decrease in gc risk was observed with increased intake of baiechu kimchi (prepared with salted chinese cabbage and red pepper, etc.), baiechu kimchi-stew, garlic, mushroom and soybean milk. on the contrary, a significant increase i ... | 2002 | 11802218 |
| effect of ascorbic acid on the stability of beta-carotene and capsanthin in paprika (capsicum annuum) powder. | the effect of ascorbic acid, light, and storage on the stability of the pigments beta-carotene and capsanthin in red pepper (capsicum annuum) powder has been elucidated by determining the amount of pigment in samples treated by various concentrations of ascorbic acid. determination of pigment concentration has been performed after different storage times using high-performance liquid chromatography. the dependence of the concentration of pigments on the concentration of ascorbic acid, presence o ... | 2002 | 12428443 |
| quantitation of vitamin c content in herbal juice using direct titration. | vitamin c content in fresh and freeze-dried herbal juice, such as guava (psidium guajava linn.) emblic myrobolan (phyllanthus embica linn.), lemon (citrus aurantifollia swing), sweet pepper (capsicum annuum linn.) garcinia schomburgkiana pierre and passion fruit (passiflora laurifoia linn.) was determined by direct titration with iodine. the method showed excellent linearity (r2>0.99) over the concentration ranges tested (100-500% of the amount found in the juice samples), good precision (r.s.d. ... | 2002 | 12039626 |
| [molecular aflp-marking of genotypes of pepper (capsicum annuum) cultivars]. | the results of aflp study of 14 capsicum annuum cultivars are presented. notwithstanding the known low genomic variation of large-fruited sweet pepper, aflp analysis proved to be suitable for detecting polymorphism and genotyping pepper cultivars. nine primer pairs were selected to allow identification of the cultivars under study. among-cultivar polymorphism detectable with these primers was estimated at 16.5%. a characteristic aflp pattern was obtained for each cultivar. several cultivar-speci ... | 2003 | 14964824 |
| origin, evolution, and metabolic role of a novel glycolytic gapdh enzyme recruited by land plant plastids. | nad-specific glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh) is a cytosolic marker enzyme of eukaryotes (gapc; ec 1.2.1.12). land plants possess an additional nadp+-dependent enzyme (ec 1.2.1.13) within their chloroplasts which is composed of two subunits, gapa and gapb. another plastid gapdh enzyme (gapcp) was recently discovered in gymnosperms and ferns. this novel gapcp is closely related to cytosolic gapc and displays glycolytic nad+ cosubstrate specificity. here we show that this new gene ... | 2003 | 12962302 |
| evaluating companion planting and non-host masking odors for protecting roses from the japanese beetle (coleoptera: scarabaeidae). | effectiveness of companion planting, and use of nonhost masking odors were evaluated under field conditions for protecting roses against the japanese beetle, popillia japonica newman. three reputedly effective companion species, rue (ruta graveolens l.), zonal geranium (pelargonium x hortorum bailey), and garlic chives (allium scheonparum l.) were interplanted with roses in replicated garden plots. numbers of beetles on these roses were compared with rose-only control plots on 6 d during beetle ... | 2003 | 12650348 |
| molecular characterization of three 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coa reductase genes including pathogen-induced hmg2 from pepper (capsicum annuum). | sesquiterpene phytoalexins, a class of plant defense metabolites, are synthesized from the cytosolic acetate/mevalonate pathway in isoprenoids biosynthetic system of plants. the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coa reductase (hmgr) catalyzes the synthesis of mevalonate, which is the specific precursor of this pathway, as a multi gene family. three kinds of cdna clones encoding hmgr were isolated from korean red pepper (capsicum annuum l. cv. nockwang) and the hmgr2 gene (hmg2) was especially obtained ... | 2003 | 12591612 |
| influences of gamma-irradiation and storage on the carotenoids of sun-dried and dehydrated paprika. | the effects of drying methods, gamma-irradiation, and storage on the carotenoids (capsanthin, capsorubin, zeaxanthin, capsolutein, violaxanthin, beta-carotene, and beta-cryptoxanthin) of paprika were investigated. sun-dried and dehydrated paprika samples were irradiated in a (60)co gamma-irradiator at five doses (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10 kgy) in polyethylene bags and stored for 10 months at ambient temperature. individual carotenoid analyses were carried out on the paprika and fresh red pepper d ... | 2003 | 12903955 |
| factors influencing texture retention of salt-free, acidified, red bell peppers during storage. | red bell peppers were stored in a salt-free, acidified cover solution with sulfite as a microbial preservative. the texture retention of stored peppers was evaluated as a function of ph, acid, calcium, blanch treatment, and growing conditions of the peppers. field-grown peppers softened at a faster rate than greenhouse-grown peppers and exhibited more variability in their ability to maintain texture during storage. improved firmness retention of red peppers stored at 30 degrees c was observed wh ... | 2003 | 12590498 |
| calcium/calmodulin-dependent signaling for prepenetration development in colletotrichum gloeosporioides. | abstract colletotrichum gloeosporioides forms a specialized infection structure, an appressorium, for host infection. contacting hard surface induces appressorium formation in c. gloeosporioides, whereas hydrophobicity of the contact surface does not affect this infection-related differentiation. to determine if the calcium/calmodulin-dependent signaling system is involved in prepenetration morphogenesis in c. gloeosporioides pathogenic on red pepper, effects of calcium chelator (egta), phosphol ... | 2003 | 18944160 |
| roles of jnk-1 and p38 in selective induction of apoptosis by capsaicin in ras-transformed human breast epithelial cells. | efforts have been made to develop a chemoprevention strategy that selectively triggers apoptosis in malignant cancer cells. previous studies showed that capsaicin, the major pungent ingredient of red pepper, had differential effect between normal and transformed cells. as an approach to unveil the molecular mechanism by which capsaicin selectively induces apoptosis in transformed cells, we investigated the effect of capsaicin in nontransformed and ras-transformed cells of a common origin: parent ... | 2003 | 12478662 |
| capsaicin inhibits growth of adult t-cell leukemia cells. | human t-cell leukemia virus type 1 (htlv-1)-associated adult t-cell leukemia (atl) is resistant to conventional chemotherapy. we examined the in vitro effects of capsaicin, the principal ingredients of red pepper, on three atl cell lines. capsaicin treatment inhibited the growth of atl cells both in dose- and time-dependent manner. the inhibitory effect was mainly due to the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. capsaicin treatment also induced the degradation of tax and up-regulation of ... | 2003 | 12537981 |
| nondestructive ftir monitoring of leaf senescence and elicitin-induced changes in plant leaves. | the applicability of the ftir attenuated total reflectance technique for in situ monitoring of plant physiological processes such as leaf senescence and aging has been examined. difference spectra obtained by subtracting the spectrum of the young plant leaf from that of the older one revealed positive bands at 1650-1500 cm(-1), indicating a higher relative concentration of phenolics in the older leaves of both black cherry and sweet pepper bush leaves. prolonged physiological stress of tobacco l ... | 2003 | 12583010 |
| non-pungent capsaicinoids from sweet pepper synthesis and evaluation of the chemopreventive and anticancer potential. | capsiate, the non-pungent ester isoster of capsaicin, and its dihydroderivative are the major capsaicinoids of sweet peppers. the remarkable difference between the sensory properties of capsaicin vs capsiate is solely due to the way the vanillyl and the acyl moieties of this basic structural motif are linked, via an amide bond in capsaicin-type compounds and via an ester bond in capsiate-type compounds. | 2003 | 12594536 |
| [a food poisoning outbreak caused by purple washington clam contaminated with norovirus (norwalk-like virus) and hepatitis a virus]. | a party of 57 people dined together in a restaurant in hamamatsu city on december 11, 2001. the next day, 22 of them developed symptoms of acute gastroenteritis, such as diarrhea, vomiting, and fever. examination of 4 fecal specimens from these patients by elisa for norovirus (norwalk-like virus, nv) detected both genogroup i (gi) and genogroup ii (gii) nv in all the 4 specimens. in addition, rt-pcr and real-time pcr methods for nv detected the nv gene. approximately one month after the outbreak ... | 2003 | 12661084 |
| quantification of carotenoids in chicken plasma after feeding free or esterified lutein and capsanthin using high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. | the present study reports about the plasma carotenoid levels of chickens achieved after feeding diets containing free and esterified lutein (from marigold) and capsanthin (from red pepper) by applying hplc analyses using a rp-c30 column. forty chickens were divided at random into four groups and were fed 2 wk with different diets after receiving a basal diet with a low carotenoid content for carotenoid depletion (3 wk). one group was fed a diet containing free lutein (g1), another group received ... | 2003 | 12705399 |
| sweet pepper ferredoxin-like protein ( pflp) gene as a novel selection marker for orchid transformation. | a novel method for selection of transgenic plants utilizing the sweet pepper ( capsicum annuum l.) ferredoxin-like protein ( pflp) gene as selection marker and erwinia carotovora as the selection agent has been developed. an expression vector containing a pflp cdna driven by a cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter was successfully transformed into protocorm-like bodies of oncidium orchid by agrobacterium tumefaciens and particle bombardment, respectively. erwinia carotovora was used as a selecti ... | 2003 | 12721849 |
| cytotoxic and multidrug resistance reversal activity of a vegetable, 'anastasia red', a variety of sweet pepper. | the vegetable, anastasia red, capsicum annuum l. var. angulosum mill. (solanaceae) was successively extracted with hexane, acetone, methanol and 70% methanol, and the extracts were further separated into a total of 21 fractions by silica gel or octadecylsilane (ods) column chromatography. the biological activities of extracts and fractions were determined. these extracts showed relatively higher cytotoxic activity against two human oral tumor cell lines (hsc-2, hsg) than against normal human gin ... | 2003 | 12722138 |
| trpv1 activation and induction of nociceptive response by a non-pungent capsaicin-like compound, capsiate. | capsiate is a capsaicin-like ingredient of a non-pungent cultivar of red pepper, ch-19 sweet. to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the non-pungency of capsiate, we investigated whether capsiate activates the cloned capsaicin receptor, trpv1 (vr1). in patch-clamp experiments, capsiate was found to activate trpv1 expressed transiently in hek293 cells with a similar potency as capsaicin. capsiate induced nociceptive responses in mice when injected subcutaneously into their hindpaws with a similar ... | 2003 | 12726827 |
| short-term control of capsaicin on blood and oxidative stress of rats in vivo. | capsaicin (8-methyl-n-vanillyl-6-nonenamide), a pungent component found in red pepper can induce body heat and possibly enhance blood flow as well as increase energy expenditure, and prevent oxidative stress. male wistar rats were divided into vehicle, 1 mg/kg body weight capsaicin and 3 mg/kg body weight capsaicin groups. samples were taken from the animals on day 1 of i.p. treatment with capsaicin and on 3 consecutive days of i.p. treatment with capsaicin. our investigation demonstrated that b ... | 2003 | 12748978 |
| red pepper attenuates cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity and atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed rabbits. | the current study was conducted to examine the effect of red pepper supplementation on cholesteryl ester transfer protein (cetp) activity, along with its anti-atherosclerotic effect in cholesterol-fed rabbits. | 2003 | 12763278 |
| safety assessment for genetically modified sweet pepper and tomato. | the coat protein (cp) gene of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) was cloned from a chinese cmv isolate, the camv promoter and nos terminator added and the gene construct was transformed into both sweet pepper and tomato plants to confer resistance to cmv. safety assessments of these genetically modified (gm) plants were conducted. it was found that these two gm products showed no genotoxicity either in vitro or in vivo by the micronucleus test, sperm aberration test and ames test. animal feeding studie ... | 2003 | 12767699 |
| ferredoxin from sweet pepper (capsicum annuum l.) intensifying harpin(pss)-mediated hypersensitive response shows an enhanced production of active oxygen species (aos). | the hypersensitive response (hr) is a form of cell death associated with plant resistance to pathogen infection. harpin(pss), an elicitor from the bacterium pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, induces a hr in non-host plants. previously, we reported an amphipathic protein from sweet pepper interfering with harpin(pss)-mediated hr. in this report, we isolated and characterized a cdna clone encoded that amphipathic protein from sweet pepper. this protein is designated as pflp (plant ferredoxin-like ... | 2003 | 12777051 |
| the sweet pepper ferredoxin-like protein (pflp) conferred resistance against soft rot disease in oncidium orchid. | genetic engineering to date has not been used to introduce disease resistance genes into the orchid gene pool. the ferredoxin-like protein gene originally isolated from sweet pepper is thought to function as a natural defense against infection due to its antimicrobial properties. hence it was reasoned that introduction of this gene might produce oncidium plants resistant to erwinia carotovora, the causal agent for the soft rot disease. an expression vector containing sweet pepper ferredoxin-like ... | 2003 | 12779121 |
| binary transformation systems based on 'shooter' mutants of agrobacterium tumefaciens: a simple, efficient and universal gene transfer technology that permits marker gene elimination. | a simple transformation procedure with a positive selection scheme using the expression of the isopentenyl transferase ( ipt) gene of transfer dna (t-dna) 'shooter' mutants of agrobacterium tumefaciens was elaborated. after comparing several 'shooter' mutants we found that particular strains frequently produced phenotypically normal shoots after co-culturing with tobacco leaf explants. shoots selected for normal phenotype showed apical dominance and could be rooted with the same efficiency as no ... | 2003 | 12789522 |
| incorporation of carotenoids from paprika oleoresin into human chylomicrons. | the intake of a carotenoid-rich diet is epidemiologically related to a lower risk for different chronic disorders like cardiovascular disease, some types of cancer or age-related macular degeneration. red pepper (capsicum annuum l.) and its dietary products contain a variety of carotenoids, which may contribute to the carotenoid pattern of human blood and tissues. the objective of the present study was to assess the availability of carotenoids from paprika oleoresin, including zeaxanthin, beta-c ... | 2003 | 12828795 |
| involvement of reactive oxygen species in capsaicinoid-induced apoptosis in transformed cells. | some varieties of sweet pepper accumulate non-pungent isosters of capsaicin, a type of compounds exemplified by capsiate. the only structural difference between capsaicin and capsiate is the link between the vanillyl and the acyl moieties, via an amide bond in the former and via an ester bond in the latter. by flow cytometry analyses we have determined that nor-dihydrocapsiate, a simplified analogue of capsiate, is a pro-oxidant compound that induces apoptosis in the jurkat tumor cell line. the ... | 2003 | 12868488 |
| effect of aphid-infested plants on the host location and learning behaviour of the parasitoid aphelinus abdominalis. | aphelinus abdominalis dalman (hymenoptera: aphelinidae) is a generalist parasitoid of cereal (e.g. sitobion avenae) and greenhouse aphids (e.g. macrosiphum euphorbiae). it differs from aphidius spp. (hymenoptera: braconidae) by its robust constitution, longevity and its habit to use aphids not only as hosts for its progeny but also as prey (host feeding). in addition, a. abdominalis does not evoke aphidius-characteristic defence responses by attacked aphids as this wasp approaches its hosts very ... | 2003 | 15149107 |
| efficacy of salts against fungal diseases in glasshouse crops. | the constant input of chemical fungicides against foliar diseases in glasshouse crops has instigated research on alternative control substances. various salts have been mentioned in the literature and we have tested several bicarbonates, sulphates and phosphates against powdery mildew fungi in cucumber, tomato, sweet pepper and rose and against bremia lactucae in lettuce. the experiments were run according to eppo guidelines for efficacy in glasshouses of applied plant research (ppo). plants wer ... | 2003 | 15151280 |
| antioxidant systems and their relationship with the response of pepper fruits to storage at 20 degrees c. | fresh peppers (capsicum annuum l., variety california) in their green and red ripe stages were stored at 20 degrees c for 7 and 19 days to determine the effects of storage on whole fruit antioxidant capacity (taa) and ascorbate (asc) content, as well as on some antioxidant enzyme activities, such as catalase (cat), superoxide dismutase (sod), and those of the asc-glutathione cycle. at least one mn-sod, two fe-sods, and three cuzn-sods were detected in the fruit extract after native polyacrylamid ... | 2003 | 14518958 |
| calcium restores prepenetration morphogenesis abolished by polyamines in colletotrichum gloeosporioides infecting red pepper. | colletotrichum gloeosporioides forms a specialized infection structure, an appressorium, to infect its host, red pepper. polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine) as well as s-adenosyl methionine inhibitor, methylglyoxal-bis-guanyl hydrazone (mgbg), impaired conidial germination and appressorium formation of c. gloeosporioides. curtailment of cell differentiation by polyamines and mgbg was more evident in conidial germination than in appressorium development. exogenous addition of calciu ... | 2003 | 14592714 |
| peroxisomes from pepper fruits (capsicum annuum l.): purification, characterisation and antioxidant activity. | pepper is a vegetable of importance in human nutrition. currently, one of the most interesting properties of natural products is their antioxidant content. in this work, the purification and characterisation of peroxisomes from fruits of a higher plant was carried out, and their antioxidative enzymatic and non-enzymatic content was investigated. green and red pepper fruits (capsicum annuum l., type lamuyo) were used in this study. the analysis by electron microscopy showed that peroxisomes from ... | 2003 | 14717445 |
| effects of sesamin and capsaicin on the mrna expressions of delta6 and delta5 desaturases in rat primary cultured hepatocytes. | sesamin, a lignan in sesame seeds and sesame seed oil, and capsaicin, the pungent principle of hot red pepper, affect lipid metabolism. sesamin specifically inhibits delta5 desaturase activity in the mortierella alpina fungus and rat liver microsomes, however, the effects of sesamin and capsaicin on mrna expressions of delta6 and delta5 desaturases are not still clear. in this study, we investigated the effects of sesamin and capsaicin on the desaturation indexes of delta6 [(gamma-linolenic acid ... | 2003 | 14974737 |
| upregulation of uncoupling proteins by oral administration of capsiate, a nonpungent capsaicin analog. | capsiate is a nonpungent capsaicin analog, a recently identified principle of the nonpungent red pepper cultivar ch-19 sweet. in the present study, we report that 2-wk treatment of capsiate increased metabolic rate and promoted fat oxidation at rest, suggesting that capsiate may prevent obesity. to explain these effects, at least in part, we examined uncoupling proteins (ucps) and thyroid hormones. ucps and thyroid hormones play important roles in energy expenditure, the maintenance of body weig ... | 2003 | 12959953 |
| raman spectra of carotenoids in natural products. | resonance raman spectra of naturally occurring carotenoids have been obtained from nautilus, periwinkle (littorina littorea) and clam shells under 514.5 nm excitation and these spectra are compared with the resonance raman spectra obtained in situ from tomatoes, carrots, red peppers and saffron. the tomatoes, carrots and red peppers gave rise to resonance raman spectra exhibiting a nu1 band at ca. 1520 cm(-1), in keeping with its assignment to carotenoids with ca. nine conjugated carbon-carbon d ... | 2003 | 12909134 |
| a short-term nacl exposure increases the na(+) conductance of outward-rectified cation currents in the pith cells of sweet pepper. | the regulatory role of pith cells in the stem in na(+) recirculation in sweet pepper was investigated by evaluating the transport characteristics of the plasma membrane of this cell type and comparison with those of root cells. ion conductivity and na(+) permeability of the plasma membranes of protoplasts of both cell types were studied with the patch-clamp technique in the whole-cell configuration, before and after addition of nacl to the bath medium. protoplasts of both pith and root cells sho ... | 2003 | 12893309 |
| [preliminary protocol for systemic administration of capsaicin for the treatment of the burning mouth syndrome]. | burning mouth syndrome could be considered an expression of atypical facial pain. the recent neuropathological findings in bms may suggest the need for alternative therapies. this paper aims to evaluate if systemic capsaicin could be used for bms the- rapy. | 2003 | 12874531 |
| migration and enrichment of arsenic in the rock-soil-crop plant system in areas covered with black shale, korea. | the okchon black shale, which is part of the guryongsan formation or the changri formation of cambro-ordovician age in korea provides a typical example of natural geological materials enriched with potentially toxic elements such as u, v, mo, as, se, cd, and zn. in this study, the dukpyung and the chubu areas were selected to investigate the migration and enrichment of as and other toxic elements in soils and crop plants in areas covered with black shale. rock and soil samples digested in 4-acid ... | 2003 | 12806106 |
| modifying children's food preferences: the effects of exposure and reward on acceptance of an unfamiliar vegetable. | the aim of this study was to evaluate two interventions (one reward-based and one exposure-based) for increasing children's acceptance of an unfamiliar vegetable compared with a no-treatment control. it was predicted that the exposure condition would increase liking for, and consumption of, the vegetable relative to either the reward or control group. | 2003 | 12571670 |
| trpv1 and the gut: from a tasty receptor for a painful vanilloid to a key player in hyperalgesia. | capsaicin, the pungent ingredient in red pepper, has been used since ancient times as a spice, despite the burning sensation associated with its intake. more than 50 years ago, nikolaus jancso discovered that capsaicin can selectively stimulate nociceptive primary afferent neurons. the ensuing research established that the neuropharmacological properties of capsaicin are due to its activation of the transient receptor potential ion channel of the vanilloid type 1 (trpv1). expressed by primary af ... | 2004 | 15464036 |
| method validation of resistive heating--gas chromatography with flame photometric detection for the rapid screening of organophosphorus pesticides in fruit and vegetables. | a rapid method for the screening of organophosphorus (op) pesticides in fruit and vegetables is reported. sample extracts were analysed using resistive heating-gas chromatography (rh-gc) with flame photometric detection (fpd). a carbofrit insert in the gc liner allowed injection of crude extracts onto the gc system. separation of up to 20 pesticides was achieved in 4.3 min with excellent retention time stability. signal-to-noise ratios of 5:1 or better were obtained for the majority of the pesti ... | 2004 | 15387192 |
| liquid chromatographic determination of novel aminithiazolecarboxamide fungicide residues in soil and crops using online solid-phase extraction. | a simple and convenient liquid chromatographic method has been developed and applied to the analysis of the novel aminothiazolecarboxamide fungicide, ethaboxam, in soil and crops. after the isolation and concentration of analyte from soil and crops, clean-up and separation of sample solutions are performed by high-performance liquid chromatography with online solid-phase extraction. good linearity (r2 > 0.9995), recovery [for soil, 95.3-98.4%, and crops (grape, red pepper), 92.9-95.9%], and repe ... | 2004 | 15355576 |
| dietary sources of vitamin c, vitamin e and specific carotenoids in spain. | a cross-sectional study was conducted within the spanish cohort of the european prospective investigation in cancer and nutrition to assess the principal food sources of vitamin c, vitamin e, alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, lycopene, lutein, beta-cryptoxanthin and zeaxanthin in an adult spanish population. the study included 41446 healthy volunteers (25812 women and 15634 men), aged 29-69 years, from three spanish regions in the north (asturias, navarra and guipúzcoa) and two in the south (murcia ... | 2004 | 15182404 |
| effects of capsaicin on the sensorimotor function of the proximal stomach in humans. | capsaicin-sensitive afferents have been implicated in the control of visceral sensorimotor functions. | 2004 | 14871281 |
| atmospheric pressure photo-ionization liquid chromatography/mass spectrometric determination of aflatoxins in food. | a comparison between electrospray ionization (esi) and the recent introduced atmospheric pressure photo-ionization (appi) technique is described for the liquid chromatography/mass spectrometric (lc/ms) determination of aflatoxin b1, b2, g1 and g2 in food. for the optimization of appi, several appi ion source parameters were examined. furthermore, the chemical noise and signal suppression of esi and appi by sample matrix interference were investigated. the results indicated that appi has the low ... | 2004 | 14744683 |
| acaricidal activity of plant essential oils against dermanyssus gallinae (acari: dermanyssidae). | the acaricial activity of 56 plant essential oils against poultry house-collected adult dermanyssus gallinae de geer was examined using direct contact and fumigation methods. in a filter paper contact bioassay, 100% mortality at 0.07 mgcm-2 was observed in bay, cade, cinnamon, clove bud, coriander, horseradish, lime dis 5f, mustard, pennyroyal, pimento berry, spearmint, thyme red and thyme white oils, whereas the mortality of these oils was significantly decreased at 0.02 mgcm-2. in fumigation t ... | 2004 | 15063940 |
| qualitative and quantitative variation among volatile profiles induced by tetranychus urticae feeding on plants from various families. | many plant species are known to emit herbivore-induced volatiles in response to herbivory. the spider mite tetranychus urticae koch is a generalist that can feed on several hundreds of host plant species. volatiles emitted by t. urticae-infested plants of 11 species were compared: soybean (glycine max), golden chain (laburnum anagyroides), black locust (robinia pseudo-acacia), cowpea (vigna unguiculata), tobacco (nicotiana tabacum), eggplant (solanum melalonga), thorn apple (datura stramonium), ... | 2004 | 15074658 |
| growth promotion of red pepper plug seedlings and the production of gibberellins by bacillus cereus, bacillus macroides and bacillus pumilus. | the growth of red pepper plug seedlings was promoted by bacillus cereus mj-1, b. macroides cj-29, and b. pumilus cj-69 isolated from the rhizosphere. gibberellins (gas), a well-known plant growth-promoting hormone, were detected in the culture broth of their rhizobacteria. among the gas, the contents of ga1, ga3, ga4, and ga7, physiologically active gas, were comparatively higher than those of others, suggesting that the growth promoting effect was originated from the gas. this isthe first repor ... | 2004 | 15127789 |
| maximum tolerable dose of red pepper decreases fat intake independently of spicy sensation in the mouth. | dietary red pepper suppresses energy intake and modifies macronutrient intake. we have investigated whether a stimulus in the mouth and the sensation of spiciness are necessary for red pepper-induced changes in energy and macronutrient intake in human volunteers. in a preliminary test, sixteen japanese male volunteers tasted samples of a soup with graded doses of red pepper in order to define a moderate and a maximum tolerable (strong) dose of red pepper. on the day of the experiment, a standard ... | 2004 | 15182402 |
| the aflatoxin contamination of some pepper types sold in turkey. | in the present study, 44 red-scaled pepper and 26 red powder pepper samples obtained from various spice retailers in erzurum, and 20 isot (red pepper produced in sanliurfa) were investigated for aflatoxin contamination using thin layer chromatography. aflatoxin (b + g) was found in 8 red pepper samples (18.2%), and 3 red powder peppers (10.7%), and 1 isot sample (5%). the aflatoxin amount ranged from 1.1 to 97.5 ppb in all samples investigated. the highest amount of aflatoxin was found in red-sc ... | 2004 | 15183993 |
| involvement of nadph oxidase-mediated generation of reactive oxygen species in the apototic cell death by capsaicin in hepg2 human hepatoma cells. | although capsaicin (8-methyl-n-vanillyl-6-nonenamide), a pungent ingredient in a variety of red peppers of the genus capsicum, has been shown to induce apoptotic cell death in many cancer cells, the exact mechanism of this action of capsaicin is not completely understood. in this study, we investigated the possible mediation of the nadph oxidase-modulated production of reactive oxygen species (ros) in the apoptotic mechanism of capsaicin in hepg2 human hepatoblastoma cells. capsaicin induced apo ... | 2004 | 15190937 |
| content of toxic and essential metals in canned mussels commonly consumed in tenerife, canary islands, spain. | concentrations of three toxic heavy metals (hg, pb, cd) and six essential heavy metals (fe, zn, mn, cr, cu, ni) were determined in mussel conserves (mytilus galloprovincialis, bivalvia, mollusca) consumed habitually by individuals in tenerife (canary islands, spain). a total of 600 samples were analyzed, corresponding to six different commercial brands and four different processing types: pickled sauce (mixture of olive oil, vinegar, red pepper, laurel, and salt), coquille st. jacques sauce (coq ... | 2004 | 15270515 |
| effect of red pepper capsicum annuum var. conoides and garlic allium sativum on plasma lipid levels and cecal microflora in mice fed beef tallow. | antihyperlipidemia or hypocholesterolaemic and antibacterial activities of red hot pepper and garlic are well known. to determine the effect of the dietary spices ingested to suppress blood lipids on the intestinal condition, we examined plasma lipid levels and cecal microflora in mice that were fed diets containing 19% (w/w) beef tallow and 2% red pepper capsicum annuum var. conoides 'takanotume' (rp) or garlic allium sativum 'white' (gp) for 4-weeks. plasma triacylglyceride level was suppresse ... | 2004 | 15354321 |
| antimicrobial and antioxidant effects of milk protein-based film containing essential oils for the preservation of whole beef muscle. | milk protein-based edible films containing 1.0% (w/v) oregano, 1.0% (w/v) pimento, or 1.0% oregano-pimento (1:1) essential oils mix were applied on beef muscle slices to control the growth of pathogenic bacteria and increase the shelf life during storage at 4 degrees c. meat and film were periodically tested during 7 days for microbial and biochemical analysis. the lipid oxidation potential of meat was evaluated by the determination of thiobarbituric reactive substances (tbars). the availability ... | 2004 | 15373399 |
| capsaicin-induced apoptosis of h-ras-transformed human breast epithelial cells is rac-dependent via ros generation. | many studies have focused on the anticarcinogenic, antimutagenic or chemopreventive activities of capsaicin (trans-8-methyl-n-vanillyl-6-nonenamide) which is a major pungent ingredient in red pepper. we have previously shown that capsaicin selectively induces apoptosis in h-ras-transformed mcf10a human breast epithelial cells but not in their normal cell counterparts (int. j. cancer, 103, 475-482, 2003). in this study, we investigated the possible roles of reactive oxygen species (ros) and rac1 ... | 2004 | 15460446 |
| pharmacological effects of fermented red pepper. | the pharmacological effects were investigated of fermented red pepper (hf-s), which consisted of 14.7% carbohydrate, 1.5% lipid, 4.9% protein, 0.3% ash, 78.2% moisture content, with 0.15% capsaicin and 0.06% dihydrocapsaicin. oral administration of 0.25 ml hf-s for 3 weeks produced significant changes of the perirenal fat pad weight compared with the hf-control group, suggesting a suppressive effect on lipid accumulation and a significant decrease in the risk of arteriosclerosis. the hf-s (0.25 ... | 2004 | 15597334 |
| effect of starter culture, spice mix and storage time and temperature on biogenic amine content of dry fermented sausages. | two types of dry fermented sausage differing in spicing mixture and the diameter (low content of red pepper+diameter 80 mm, h-sausage; high content of red pepper+diameter 55 mm, p-sausage, respectively) were produced in parallel with two different starter cultures (pediococcus pentosaceus+staphylococcus carnosus, b-samples and s. carnosus+staphylococcus xylosus+lactobacillus farciminis, f-samples, respectively). the sausages were ripened 21 days and subsequently stored 91 days at the room temper ... | 2004 | 22061810 |
| changes in the carotenoid metabolism of capsicum fruits during application of modelized slow drying process for paprika production. | a temperature profile simulating the traditional slow drying process of red pepper fruits, which is conducted in la vera region (spain) for paprika production, was developed. carotenoid and ascorbic acid content, as well as moisture of fruits, were monitored during the slow drying process designed. data obtained suggested that the evolution of carotenoid concentration, the main quality trait for paprika, directly depend on the physical conditions imposed. during the drying process, three differe ... | 2004 | 14759142 |
| flavonoids in vegetable foods commonly consumed in brazil and estimated ingestion by the brazilian population. | the objective of this work was to quantify the flavonoids present in foods most commonly consumed by the brazilian population. the predominant flavonoids found in largest abundance in all of the analyzed vegetables were glycosides of quercetin. in lettuce, a small amount of luteolin was also detected. in sweet pepper, quercetin and luteolin were both present. white onion [48-56 mg/100 g of fresh weight (fw), expressed as aglycon], red onion (40-100 mg/100 g of fw), red lettuce (67-67.2 mg/100 g ... | 2004 | 14995109 |
| suppression of the nuclear factor-kappab activation pathway by spice-derived phytochemicals: reasoning for seasoning. | the activation of nuclear transcription factor kappab has now been linked with a variety of inflammatory diseases, including cancer, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, diabetes, allergy, asthma, arthritis, crohn's disease, multiple sclerosis, alzheimer's disease, osteoporosis, psoriasis, septic shock, and aids. extensive research in the last few years has shown that the pathway that activates this transcription factor can be interrupted by phytochemicals derived from spices such as turmeric ... | 2004 | 15659827 |
| residues and half-lives of pyrethrins on field-grown pepper and tomato. | the dried flower heads of tanacetum cinerariifolium trev. (family: compositae) contain insecticidal compounds collectively called "pyrethrins." pyrethrins are the subject of intense interest for use in crop protection because their toxicological properties permit control of certain insect species at application rates as low as 5-10 g ai acre(-1). seedlings of sweet pepper, capsicum annuum l. cv. bell boy hybrid and tomato, lycopersicon esculentum mill. cv. mountain spring f1 hybrid were planted ... | 2004 | 15473632 |
| flower and fruit abortion in sweet pepper in relation to source and sink strength. | source strength (assimilate supply) and sink strength (assimilate demand) of the plant were varied in different ways to investigate to what extent flower/fruit abortion in sweet pepper (capsicum annuum l.) is determined by the availability of assimilates. source strength was varied by changing the light level, plant density, and leaf pruning. sink strength was varied by changing the temperature and the number and position of earlier formed fruits. shading as well as heating for short periods sho ... | 2004 | 15333643 |
| characterization and quantitation of antioxidant constituents of sweet pepper (capsicum annuum l.). | sweet peppers (capsicum annuum l.) cv. vergasa have been studied at four maturity stages (immature green, green, immature red, and red). the individual phenolics (hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonoids), vitamin c (ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid), and individual carotenoids were characterized and quantified. five hydroxycinnamic derivatives and 23 flavonoids were characterized and quantified from the pericarp of sweet pepper by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection-e ... | 2004 | 15186108 |
| specific synthesis of 5,5'-dicapsaicin by cell suspension cultures of capsicum annuum var. annuum (chili jalapeño chigol) and their soluble and nacl-extracted cell wall protein fractions. | hplc-uv, (1)h nmr, (13)c nmr, and (1)h-(1)h cosy analyses revealed that exogenous capsaicin was specifically converted into 5,5'-dicapsaicin by both cell suspension cultures of capsicum annuum var. annuum (chili jalapeño chigol) and their soluble and nacl-extracted cell wall protein fractions under oxidative conditions. in cell suspension cultures 5,5'-dicapsaicin was found only in biomass of capsaicin-fed cultures. this compound has not been detected before either in fresh fruits or in in vitro ... | 2004 | 14969559 |
| ovipositional deterrent in the sweet pepper, capsicum annuum, at the mature stage against liriomyza trifolii (burgess). | liriomyza trifolii (burgess), the american serpentine leafminer fly, is well known as a serious pest throughout the world. this insect attack over 21 different plant families including solanaceae plants. the mature sweet pepper, capsicum annuum (solanaceae), however, shows resistance to this leafminer fly. this resistance is based on the ovipositional deterrent in the sweet pepper leaf against the fly species. based on bioassay-guided fractionation, luteolin 7-o-beta-d-apiofuranosyl-(1-->2)-beta ... | 2005 | 16244431 |
| characterization of carotenoids and carotenoid esters in red pepper pods (capsicum annuum l.) by high-performance liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry. | carotenoids and carotenoid esters were extracted from red pepper pods (capsicum annuum l.) without saponification. among the 42 compounds detected, 4 non-esterified, 11 mono- and 17 diesters were characterized based on their retention times, uv/vis spectra and their fragmentation patterns in collision-induced dissociation experiments in atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (apci-ms). positive and negative ion mode measurements were used for the characterization of major and ... | 2005 | 16124038 |
| the effects of ripening stage and processing systems on vitamin c content in sweet peppers (capsicum annuum l.). | morrón pepper of 'fresno de la vega' (capsicum annuum l.) is a big sweet variety cultivated in the province of león (northwestern spain). changes in vitamin c content of this variety of pepper as a function of ripeness, storage and different preservation systems were studied. the ascorbic acid content increases in peppers as they ripen. for green mature, breaker and red peppers values of 107.3+/-1.84, 129.6+/-3.11 and 154.3+/-7.56 mg/100 g edible portion were found. the vitamin c content for gre ... | 2005 | 16019314 |
| determination of the equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of adsorption of copper(ii) ions onto seeds of capsicum annuum. | adsorption of copper ions onto capsicum annuum (red pepper) seeds was investigated with the variation in the parameters of ph, contact time, adsorbent and copper(ii) concentrations and temperature. the nature of the possible adsorbent and metal ion interactions was examined by the ftir technique. the copper(ii) adsorption equilibrium was attained within 60 min. adsorption of copper(ii) ions onto c. annuum seeds followed by the langmuir, freundlich and dubinin-radushkevich (d-r) isotherm models. ... | 2005 | 15990228 |
| antioxidant activity of the main phenolic compounds isolated from hot pepper fruit (capsicum annuum l). | four cultivars (bronowicka ostra, cyklon, tornado, and tajfun) of pepper fruit capsicum annuum l. were studied for phenolics contents and antioxidant activity. two fractions of phenolics, flavonoids (with phenolic acids) and capsaicinoids, were isolated from the pericarp of pepper fruit at two growth stages (green and red) and were studied for their antioxidant capacity. both fractions from red fruits had higher activities than those from green fruits. a comparison of the capsaicinoid fraction w ... | 2005 | 15740069 |
| effect of temperature and host plant leaf morphology on the efficacy of two entomopathogenic biocontrol agents of thrips palmi (thysanoptera: thripidae). | the efficacy of two entomopathogenic biocontrol agents, steinernema feltiae (filipjev) and verticillium lecanii (zimmerman) viégas (reclassified now as lecanicillium muscarium (petch) zare & gams), against thrips palmi karny was investigated. assessments of the effect of temperature on the efficacy of s. feltiae indicated that higher mortality of t. palmi was recorded at 20 degrees c compared to either 15 or 25 degrees c, whereas significantly higher t. palmi mortality followed application of l. ... | 2005 | 16048680 |
| production of an anti-fungal substance for biological control of phytophthora capsici causing phytophthora blight in red-peppers by streptomyces halstedii. | the culture broth of streptomyces halstedii aj-7 suppressed the growth of phytophthora capsici, which causes phytophthora blight in red-peppers, with less than 1% survival of the pathogen after 12 h of treatment. the low molecular fraction (< or = 10 kda) of the culture broth retained anti-fungal activity against p. capsici after being held at 100 degrees c for 6 h. | 2005 | 15717130 |
| effects of flavorings, storage conditions, and storage time on survival of staphylococcus aureus in sürk cheese. | the objectives of this study were to determine the cumulative effects of flavorings (chili pepper, thyme, mint, cumin, nutmeg, allspice, clove, cinnamon, black pepper, salt, and hot red pepper paste), storage conditions, and storage time on the survival of staphylococcus aureus in sürk cheese and to monitor the associated chemical changes. sürk cheese, a traditional turkish cheese, was produced by heating diluted nonfat yogurt and adding flavorings to the resultant acid-heat curd. the cheese was ... | 2005 | 16013393 |
| inhibitory effects of glycolipids fraction from spinach on mammalian dna polymerase activity and human cancer cell proliferation. | we succeeded in purifying the fraction containing the major glycolipids in monogalactosyl diacylglycerol, digalactosyl diacylglycerol and sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol (sqdg) from dried vegetables. this glycolipids fraction was an inhibitor of dna polymerase alpha (pol alpha) in vitro and also the proliferation of human cancer cells. in this study, eight common vegetables were investigated in terms of the glycolipids fraction, the amounts of major glycolipids, mammalian dna polymerase inhibitor ... | 2005 | 16081275 |
| [cdna cloning and expression of a cytosolic small heat shock protein gene (cahsp18) from capsicum annuum]. | full length 779 bp cytosolic clsss i shsp cdna was cloned from heat-shocked sweet pepper leaves using a pcr approach with degenerate primers designed from conserved motifs found in a number of plant cytosolic clsss i shsp genes, named cahsp18. its accession number is ay284925. cahsp18 was high identified with nicotiana tabacum (fig.1). a multi-gene family was found in sweet pepper genomic dna by southern-blot analysis (fig.3). northern blot revealed that the expression of cahsp18 in sweet pepper ... | 2005 | 16121013 |
| gene stacking in phalaenopsis orchid enhances dual tolerance to pathogen attack. | cymbidium mosaic virus (cymmv) and erwinia carotovora have been reported to cause severe damage to orchid plants. to enhance the resistance of orchids to both viral and bacterial phytopathogens, gene stacking was applied on phalaenopsis orchid by double transformation. plbs originally transformed with cymmv coat protein cdna (cp) were then re-transformed with sweet pepper ferredoxin-like protein cdna (pflp) by agrobacterium tumefaciens, to enable expression of dual (viral and bacterial) disease ... | 2005 | 16145836 |
| bioactivities of anastasia black (russian sweet pepper). | anastasia black (russian sweet pepper) of capsicum annuum l. var. angulosum mill. (solanaceae) was successively extracted with hexane, acetone, methanol and 70% methanol, and the extracts were further separated into a total of twenty-three fractions by silica gel or octadecylsilane (ods; c18) column chromatography. these extracts and fractions were investigated for their cytotoxicity, anti-human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), anti-helicobacter pylori (h. pylori), urease inhibition and multidrug r ... | 2005 | 16158935 |