Publications

phylodynamic evidence of the migration of turnip mosaic potyvirus from europe to australia and new zealand.	turnip mosaic virus (tumv) is a potyvirus that is transmitted by aphids and infects a wide range of plant species. we investigated the evolution of this pathogen by collecting 32 isolates of tumv, mostly from brassicaceae plants, in australia and new zealand. we performed a variety of sequence-based phylogenetic and population genetic analyses of the complete genomic sequences and of three non-recombinogenic regions of those sequences. the substitution rates, divergence times and phylogeographic ...	2015	25481753
potyviruses differ in their requirement for tor signalling.	potyviruses are important plant pathogens that rely on many plant cellular processes for successful infection. tor (target of rapamycin) signalling is a key eukaryotic energy-signalling pathway controlling many cellular processes such as translation and autophagy. the dependence of potyviruses on active tor signalling was examined. arabidopsis lines downregulated for tor by rnai were challenged with the potyviruses watermelon mosaic virus (wmv) and turnip mosaic virus (tumv). wmv accumulation wa ...	2015	25979731
correction. arabidopsis rna-dependent rna polymerases and dicer-like proteins in antiviral defense and small interfering rna biogenesis during turnip mosaic virus infection.		2015	25783032
plant virus replication and movement.	replication and intercellular spread of viruses depend on host mechanisms supporting the formation, transport and turnover of functional complexes between viral genomes, virus-encoded products and cellular factors. to enhance these processes, viruses assemble and replicate in membrane-associated complexes that may develop into "virus factories" or "viroplasms" in which viral components and host factors required for replication are concentrated. many plant viruses replicate in association with th ...	2015	25746797
the 'emergence' of turnip mosaic virus was probably a 'gene-for-quasi-gene' event.	turnip mosaic potyvirus is a virus of brassicas that emerged from a lineage of monocotyledon-infecting potyviruses about 1000 years ago. in vivo and in silico studies all indicate that sites, primarily in its protein 3 (p3) and cylindrical inclusion protein (ci) genes, but also its small 6 kda 2 protein (6k2) and genome-linked viral protein (vpg) genes, control host specificity in a dynamic way. it is most likely that non-unique combinations of transient viral genomic single nucleotide polymorph ...	2015	25559881
ultrastructural characterization of turnip mosaic virus-induced cellular rearrangements reveals membrane-bound viral particles accumulating in vacuoles.	positive-strand rna [(+) rna] viruses remodel cellular membranes to facilitate virus replication and assembly. in the case of turnip mosaic virus (tumv), the viral membrane protein 6k2 plays an essential role in endomembrane alterations. although 6k2-induced membrane dynamics have been widely studied by confocal microscopy, the ultrastructure of this remodeling has not been extensively examined. in this study, we investigated the formation of tumv-induced membrane changes by chemical fixation an ...	2015	26423955
first report of turnip mosaic virus occurrence in cole crops (brssica spp) from arunachal pradesh, india.	the occurrence of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) in cole crops (brassica spp) grown in basar, arunachal pradesh, india was confirmed by symptomatology, transmission electron microscopy, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and partial characterization of cytoplasmic inclusion protein and coat protein (cp) domains. phylogenetic analysis of the partial cp sequences of the new tumv isolates from indian mustard (ar-indm), broad leaved mustard (ar-brlm) and broccoli (ar-broc) revealed their cl ...	2015	26396991
the multifunctional protein ci of potyviruses plays interlinked and distinct roles in viral genome replication and intercellular movement.	the multifunctional cylindrical inclusion (ci) protein of potyviruses contains atp binding and rna helicase activities. as part of the viral replication complex, it assists viral genome replication, possibly by binding to rna and unwinding the rna duplex. it also functions in viral cell-to-cell movement, likely via the formation of conical structures at plasmodesmata (pd) and the interaction with coat protein (cp).	2015	26373859
disruption of ethylene responses by turnip mosaic virus mediates suppression of plant defense against the green peach aphid vector.	plants employ diverse responses mediated by phytohormones to defend themselves against pathogens and herbivores. adapted pathogens and herbivores often manipulate these responses to their benefit. previously, we demonstrated that turnip mosaic virus (tumv) infection suppresses callose deposition, an important plant defense induced in response to feeding by its aphid vector, the green peach aphid (myzus persicae), and increases aphid fecundity compared with uninfected control plants. further, we ...	2015	26091820
migration of plant viruses: time correlations with the agriculture history and human immigration.	in this review, i made the phylodynamic comparisons of three plant viruses, turnip mosaic virus (tumv), cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) and cucumber mosaic virus (cmv), using the genomic sequences of a large numbers of isolates collected worldwide. we analyzed these genomic nucleotide sequences, in combination with published sequences, to estimate the timescale and rate of evolution of the individual genes of tumv, camv and cmv. the main hosts of the viruses are brassicaceae crops. we also compa ...	2015	27760921
bnsgs3 has differential effects on the accumulation of cmv, ormv and tumv in oilseed rape.	virus diseases greatly affect oilseed rape (brassica napus) production. investigating antiviral genes may lead to the development of disease-resistant varieties of oilseed rape. in this study, we examined the effects of the suppressor of gene silencing 3 in brassica napus (bnsgs3, a putative antiviral gene) with different genus viruses by constructing bnsgs3-overexpressing (bnsgs3-ov) and bnsgs3-silenced (bnsgs3-si) oilseed rape (cv. zhongshuang no. 6) plants. these three viruses are oilseed rap ...	2015	26225990
effects of temperature on systemic infection and symptom expression of turnip mosaic virus in chinese cabbage (brassica campestris).	using the chinese cabbage (brassica campestris) cultivar 'chun-goang' as a host and turnip mosaic virus (tumv) as a pathogen, we studied the effects of ambient temperature (13°c, 18°c, 23°c, 28°c and 33°c) on disease intensity and the speed of systemic infection. the optimal temperature for symptom expression of tumv was 18-28°c. however, symptoms of viral infection were initiated at 23-28°c and 6 days post infection (dpi). plants maintained at 33°c were systemically infected as early as 6 dpi a ...	2015	26673094
viral strain-specific differential alterations in arabidopsis developmental patterns.	turnip mosaic virus (tumv) infections affect many arabidopsis developmental traits. this paper analyzes, at different levels, the development-related differential alterations induced by different strains of tumv, represented by isolates uk 1 and jpn 1. the genomic sequence of jpn 1 tumv isolate revealed highest divergence in the p1 and p3 viral cistrons, upon comparison with the uk 1 sequence. infectious viral chimeras covering the whole viral genome uncovered the p3 cistron as a major viral det ...	2015	26646245
the multiplicity of cellular infection changes depending on the route of cell infection in a plant virus.	the multiplicity of cellular infection (moi) is the number of virus genomes of a given virus species that infect individual cells. this parameter chiefly impacts the severity of within-host population bottlenecks as well as the intensity of genetic exchange, competition, and complementation among viral genotypes. only a few formal estimations of the moi currently are available, and most theoretical reports have considered this parameter as constant within the infected host. nevertheless, the col ...	2015	26178988
genome-wide identification of turnip mosaic virus-responsive micrornas in non-heading chinese cabbage by high-throughput sequencing.	turnip mosaic virus (tumv) is the most prevalent viral pathogen infecting most cruciferous plants. micrornas (mirnas) are around 22 nucleotides long non-protein-coding rnas that play key regulatory roles in plants. recent research findings show that mirnas are involved in plant-virus interaction. however we know little about plant defense and viral offense system networks throughout microrna regulation pathway. in this study, two small rna libraries were constructed based on non-heading chinese ...	2015	26115771
complete genome sequences of two biologically distinct isolates of asparagus virus 1.	the complete genome sequences of two asparagus virus 1 (av-1) isolates differing in their ability to cause systemic infection in nicotiana benthamiana were determined. their genomes had 9,741 nucleotides excluding the 3'-terminal poly(a) tail, encoded a polyprotein of 3,112 amino acids, and shared 99.6 % nucleotide sequence identity. they differed at 37 nucleotide and 15 amino acid sequence positions (99.5 % identity) scattered over the polyprotein. the closest relatives of av-1 in amino acid se ...	2015	25216774
membrane-associated virus replication complexes locate to plant conducting tubes.	it is generally accepted that in order to establish a systemic infection in a plant, viruses move from the initially infected cell to the vascular tissues by cell-to-cell movement through plasmodesmata (pd), and load into the vascular conducting tubes (i.e. phloem sieve elements and xylem vessel elements) for long-distance movement. the viral unit in these movements can be a virion or a yet-to-be-defined ribonucleic protein (rnp) complex. using live-cell imaging, our laboratory has previously de ...	2015	25955489
turnip mosaic virus moves systemically through both phloem and xylem as membrane-associated complexes.	plant viruses move systemically in plants through the phloem. they move as virions or as ribonucleic protein complexes, although it is not clear what these complexes are made of. the approximately 10-kb rna genome of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) encodes a membrane protein, known as 6k2, that induces endomembrane rearrangements for the formation of viral replication factories. these factories take the form of vesicles that contain viral rna (vrna) and viral replication proteins. in this study, we r ...	2015	25717035
transcriptional slippage in the positive-sense rna virus family potyviridae.	the family potyviridae encompasses ~30% of plant viruses and is responsible for significant economic losses worldwide. recently, a small overlapping coding sequence, termed pipo, was found to be conserved in the genomes of all potyvirids. pipo is expressed as part of a frameshift protein, p3n-pipo, which is essential for virus cell-to-cell movement. however, the frameshift expression mechanism has hitherto remained unknown. here, we demonstrate that transcriptional slippage, specific to the vira ...	2015	26113364
roles and programming of arabidopsis argonaute proteins during turnip mosaic virus infection.	in eukaryotes, argonaute proteins (agos) associate with micrornas (mirnas), short interfering rnas (sirnas), and other classes of small rnas to regulate target rna or target loci. viral infection in plants induces a potent and highly specific antiviral rna silencing response characterized by the formation of virus-derived sirnas. arabidopsis thaliana has ten ago genes of which ago1, ago2, and ago7 have been shown to play roles in antiviral defense. a genetic analysis was used to identify and cha ...	2015	25806948
rna-seq reveals virus-virus and virus-plant interactions in nature.	as research on plant viruses has focused mainly on crop diseases, little is known about these viruses in natural environments. to understand the ecology of viruses in natural systems, comprehensive information on virus-virus and virus-host interactions is required. we applied rna-seq to plants from a natural population of arabidopsis halleri subsp. gemmifera to simultaneously determine the presence/absence of all sequence-reported viruses, identify novel viruses and quantify the host transcripto ...	2016	27549115
heterotrimeric g-proteins facilitate resistance to plant pathogenic viruses in arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh.	heterotrimeric g-proteins, consisting of gα, gβ and gγ subunits, are important signal transducers in eukaryotes. in plants, g-protein-mediated signaling contributes to defense against a range of fungal and bacterial pathogens. here we studied response of g-protein-deficient mutants to ssrna viruses representing 2 different families: cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) (bromoviridae) and turnip mosaic virus (tumv) (potyviridae). we found that development of spreading necrosis on infected plants was suppr ...	2016	27454415
multiple virus resistance using artificial trans-acting sirnas.	plant tas gene encoded trans-acting sirnas (ta-sirnas) regulate the expression of target mrnas by guiding their cleavage at the sequence complementary region as micrornas. since one tas transcript is cleaved into multiple ta-sirnas in a phased manner, tas genes may be engineered to express multiple artificial ta-sirnas (ata-sirnas) that target multiple viruses at several distinct genomic positions. to test this hypothesis, the arabidopsis tas3a gene was engineered to express ata-sirnas targeting ...	2016	26562057
advanced uracil dna glycosylase-supplemented real-time reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (udg-rrt-lamp) method for universal and specific detection of tembusu virus.	tembusu virus (tmuv) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus which threatens both poultry production and public health. in this study we developed a complete open reading frame alignment-based rrt-lamp method for the universal detection of tumv. to prevent false-positive results, the reaction was supplemented with uracil dna glycosylase (udg) to eliminate carryover contamination. the detection limit of the newly developed udg-rrt-lamp for tmuv was as low as 100 copies/reaction of viral rna and 1 × 10(0.8 ...	2016	27270462
nanonets derived from turnip mosaic virus as scaffolds for increased enzymatic activity of immobilized candida antarctica lipase b.	elongated flexuous plant viral nanoparticles (vnps) represent an interesting platform for developing different applications in nanobiotechnology. in the case of potyviruses, the virion external surface is made up of helically arrayed domains of the viral structural coat protein (cp), repeated over 2000 times, in which the n- and c-terminal domains of each cp are projected toward the exterior of the external virion surface. these characteristics provide a chemical environment rich in functional g ...	2016	27148295
the ire1/bzip60 pathway and bax inhibitor 1 suppress systemic accumulation of potyviruses and potexviruses in arabidopsis and nicotiana benthamiana plants.	the inositol requiring enzyme (ire1) is an endoplasmic reticulum (er) stress sensor. when activated, it splices the bzip60 mrna, producing a truncated transcription factor that upregulates genes involved in the unfolded protein response. bax inhibitor 1 (bi-1) is another er stress sensor that regulates cell death in response to environmental assaults. the potyvirus 6k2 and potexvirus tgb3 proteins are known to reside in the er, serving, respectively, as anchors for the viral replicase and moveme ...	2016	27578623
how does the stressed out er find relief during virus infection?	the endoplasmic reticulum and golgi network (ergn) is vital to most cellular biosynthetic processes. many positive strand rna viruses depend upon the ergn for replication, maturation, and egress. viruses induce changes in er architecture and stimulate fatty acid synthesis to create environments that can scaffold replication complexes, plant virus movement complexes, or virion maturation. potato virus x (pvx) and turnip mosaic virus (tumv) each encode small membrane binding proteins that embed in ...	2016	26871502
next-generation sequencing and genome editing in plant virology.	next-generation sequencing (ngs) has been applied to plant virology since 2009. ngs provides highly efficient, rapid, low cost dna, or rna high-throughput sequencing of the genomes of plant viruses and viroids and of the specific small rnas generated during the infection process. these small rnas, which cover frequently the whole genome of the infectious agent, are 21-24 nt long and are known as vsrnas for viruses and vd-srnas for viroids. ngs has been used in a number of studies in plant virolo ...	2016	27617007
simplified assays for evaluation of resistance to alternaria brassicicola and turnip mosaic virus.	studying the natural defense mechanisms developed by model plants such as arabidopsis is an important approach towards the improvement of crop species. the availability of mutants as well as the relative easiness to silence any gene in arabidopsis provides an invaluable source of genotypes that can be used to discover new elements involved in the defense response. here we describe simple and reliable methods to evaluate susceptibility/resistance to the pathogenic fungus alternaria brassicicola a ...	2016	26577793
a new virus discovered by immunocapture of double-stranded rna, a rapid method for virus enrichment in metagenomic studies.	next-generation sequencing technologies enable the rapid identification of viral infection of diseased organisms. however, despite a consistent decrease in sequencing costs, it is difficult to justify their use in large-scale surveys without a virus sequence enrichment technique. as the majority of plant viruses have an rna genome, a common approach is to extract the double-stranded rna (dsrna) replicative form, to enrich the replicating virus genetic material over the host background. the tradi ...	2016	26990372
comparison of helper component-protease rna silencing suppression activity, subcellular localization, and aggregation of three korean isolates of turnip mosaic virus.	in 2014, we performed a nationwide survey in korean radish fields to investigate the distribution and variability of turnip mosaic virus (tumv). brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis sap-inoculated with three isolates of tumv from infected radish tissue showed different symptom severities, whereas symptoms in raphanus sativus were similar for each isolate. the helper component-protease (hc-pro) genes of each isolate were sequenced, and phylogenetic analysis showed that the three korean isolates were clu ...	2016	27059238
assessing parallel gene histories in viral genomes.	the increasing abundance of sequence data has exacerbated a long known problem: gene trees and species trees for the same terminal taxa are often incongruent. indeed, genes within a genome have not all followed the same evolutionary path due to events such as incomplete lineage sorting, horizontal gene transfer, gene duplication and deletion, or recombination. considering conflicts between gene trees as an obstacle, numerous methods have been developed to deal with these incongruences and to rec ...	2016	26847371
complete nucleotide sequence of an australian isolate of turnip mosaic virus before and after seven years of serial passaging.	the complete genome sequence of an australian isolate of turnip mosaic virus was determined by sanger sequencing. after seven years of serial passaging by mechanical inoculation, the isolate was resequenced by rna sequencing (rna-seq). eighteen single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified between the isolates. both isolates had 96% identity to isolate aust10.	2016	27856582
recruitment of arabidopsis rna helicase atrh9 to the viral replication complex by viral replicase to promote turnip mosaic virus replication.	positive-sense rna viruses have a small genome with very limited coding capacity and are highly dependent on host components to fulfill their life cycle. recent studies have suggested that dead-box rna helicases play vital roles in many aspects of rna metabolism. to explore the possible role of the rna helicases in viral infection, we used the turnip mosaic virus (tumv)-arabidopsis pathosystem. the arabidopsis genome encodes more than 100 putative rna helicases (atrh). over 41 arabidopsis t-dna ...	2016	27456972
antiviral rna silencing suppression activity of tomato spotted wilt virus nss protein.	in addition to regulating gene expression, rna silencing is an essential antiviral defense system in plants. triggered by double-stranded rna, silencing results in degradation or translational repression of target transcripts. viruses are inducers and targets of rna silencing. to condition susceptibility, most plant viruses encode silencing suppressors that interfere with this process, such as the tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) nss protein. the mechanism by which nss suppresses rna silencing a ...	2016	27323202
first genome sequence of wild onion symptomless virus, a novel member of potyvirus in the turnip mosaic virus phylogenetic group.	the nearly complete genome sequence of a new species of potyvirus was obtained from the symptomless wild onion (allium sp.) in turkey. this virus has less than 67% nucleotide sequence identities over the polyprotein to other known potyviruses. we propose the name wild onion symptomless virus for this novel potyvirus.	2016	27540073
molecular characterization of the complete genome of three basal-br isolates of turnip mosaic virus infecting raphanus sativus in china.	turnip mosaic virus (tumv) infects crops of plant species in the family brassicaceae worldwide. tumv isolates were clustered to five lineages corresponding to basal-b, basal-br, asian-br, world-b and oms. here, we determined the complete genome sequences of three tumv basal-br isolates infecting radish from shandong and jilin provinces in china. their genomes were all composed of 9833 nucleotides, excluding the 3'-terminal poly(a) tail. they contained two open reading frames (orfs), with the lar ...	2016	27271614
ascorbic acid accumulates as a defense response to turnip mosaic virus in resistant brassica rapa cultivars.	we initially observed that brassica rapa cultivars containing the turnip mosaic virus (tumv) resistance gene, rnt1-1, accumulated a high level of endogenous ascorbic acid (as) and dehydroascobic acid (dha) when infected with tumv. we here hypothesized a possible contribution of an elevated level of as+dha (taa) to the rnt1-1-mediated resistance, and conducted a series of experiments using b. rapa and arabidopsis plants. the application of l-galactose (the key substrate in as synthesis) to a susc ...	2016	27255930
engineering of crispr/cas9-mediated potyvirus resistance in transgene-free arabidopsis plants.	members of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eif) gene family, including eif4e and its paralogue eif(iso)4e, have previously been identified as recessive resistance alleles against various potyviruses in a range of different hosts. however, the identification and introgression of these alleles into important crop species is often limited. in this study, we utilise crispr/cas9 technology to introduce sequence-specific deleterious point mutations at the eif(iso)4e locus in arabidopsis ...	2016	27103354
guanosine tetraphosphate modulates salicylic acid signalling and the resistance of arabidopsis thaliana to turnip mosaic virus.	chloroplasts can act as key players in the perception and acclimatization of plants to incoming environmental signals. a growing body of evidence indicates that chloroplasts play a critical role in plant immunity. chloroplast function can be regulated by the nucleotides guanosine tetraphosphate and pentaphosphate [(p)ppgpp]. in plants, (p)ppgpp levels increase in response to abiotic stress and to plant hormones which are involved in abiotic and biotic stress signalling. in this study, we analyse ...	2017	28220595
a viral protease relocalizes in the presence of the vector to promote vector performance.	vector-borne pathogens influence host characteristics relevant to host-vector contact, increasing pathogen transmission and survival. previously, we demonstrated that infection with turnip mosaic virus, a member of one of the largest families of plant-infecting viruses, increases vector attraction and reproduction on infected hosts. these changes were due to a single viral protein, nia-pro. here we show that nia-pro responds to the presence of the aphid vector during infection by relocalizing to ...	2017	28205516
the potyvirus silencing suppressor protein vpg mediates degradation of sgs3 via ubiquitination and autophagy pathways.	rna silencing is an innate antiviral immunity response of plants and animals. to counteract this host immune response, viruses have evolved an effective strategy to protect themselves by the expression of viral suppressors of rna silencing (vsrs). most potyviruses encode two vsrs, helper component-proteinase (hc-pro) and viral genome-linked protein (vpg). the molecular biology of the former has been well characterized, whereas how vpg exerts its function in the suppression of rna silencing is ye ...	2017	27795417
eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2b-beta (eif2bβ), a new class of plant virus resistance gene.	recessive resistances to plant viruses in the potyvirus genus have been found to be based on mutations in the plant eukaryotic translation initiation factors, eif4e and eif4g or their isoforms. here we report that natural, monogenic recessive resistance to the potyvirus turnip mosaic virus (tumv) has been found in a number of mustard (brassica juncea) accessions. bulked segregant analysis and sequencing of resistant and susceptible plant lines indicated the resistance is controlled by a single r ...	2017	28244149
sumoylation of turnip mosaic virus rna polymerase promotes viral infection by counteracting the host npr1-mediated immune response.	sumoylation is a transient, reversible dynamic posttranslational modification that regulates diverse cellular processes including plant-pathogen interactions. sumoylation of npr1, a master regulator of basal and systemic acquired resistance to a broad spectrum of plant pathogens, activates the defense response. here, we report that nib, the only rna-dependent rna polymerase of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) that targets the nucleus upon translation, interacts exclusively with and is sumoylated by su ...	2017	28223439
potato virus y hcpro suppression of antiviral silencing in nicotiana benthamiana plants correlates with its ability to bind in vivo to 21- and 22-nucleotide small rnas of viral sequence.	we have investigated short and small rnas (srnas) that were bound to a biologically active hexahistidine-tagged potato virus y (pvy) hcpro suppressor of silencing, expressed from a heterologous virus vector in nicotiana benthamiana plants, and purified under non-denaturing conditions. we found that rnas in purified preparations were differentially enriched in srnas of 21 and to a much lesser extent of 22 nucleotides (nt) in length and of viral sequence (vsrnas) when compared to those found in a ...	2017	28381573
the timescale of emergence and spread of turnip mosaic potyvirus.	plant viruses have important global impacts on crops, and identifying their centre and date of emergence is important for planning control measures. turnip mosaic virus (tumv) is a member of the genus potyvirus in the family potyviridae and is a major worldwide pathogen of brassica crops. for two decades, we have collected tumv isolates, mostly from brassicas, in turkey and neighbouring countries. this region is thought to be the centre of emergence of this virus. we determined the genomic seque ...	2017	28652582
plant-made potyvirus-like particles used for log-increasing antibody sensing capacity.	deployment of the elongated flexuous virions of turnip mosaic virus (tumv), a potyvirus, for peptide display on their external surface has been previously reported by us. nonetheless, both in tumv and other potyviruses some peptides hinder the ability of the virus to infect host plants. we found that a peptide derived from the human thrombin receptor (tr) inhibited tumv infectivity. in an effort to get around this problem, tumv virus-like particles (vlps) were produced in plants by transient hig ...	2017	28625680
seed tolerance to deterioration in arabidopsis is affected by virus infection.	seed longevity is the period during which the plant seed is able to germinate. this property is strongly influenced by environment conditions experienced by seeds during their formation and storage. in the present study we have analyzed how the biotic stress derived from the infection of cauliflower mosaic virus (camv), turnip mosaic virus (tumv), cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) and alfalfa mosaic virus (amv) affects seed tolerance to deterioration measuring germination rates after an accelerated ag ...	2017	28477474
water deficit enhances the transmission of plant viruses by insect vectors.	drought is a major threat to crop production worldwide and is accentuated by global warming. plant responses to this abiotic stress involve physiological changes overlapping, at least partially, the defense pathways elicited both by viruses and their herbivore vectors. recently, a number of theoretical and empirical studies anticipated the influence of climate changes on vector-borne viruses of plants and animals, mainly addressing the effects on the virus itself or on the vector population dyna ...	2017	28467423
differential requirement of the ribosomal protein s6 and ribosomal protein s6 kinase for plant-virus accumulation and interaction of s6 kinase with potyviral vpg.	ribosomal protein s6 (rps6) is an indispensable plant protein regulated, in part, by ribosomal protein s6 kinase (s6k) which, in turn, is a key regulator of plant responses to stresses and developmental cues. increased expression of rps6 was detected in nicotiana benthamiana during infection by diverse plant viruses. silencing of the rps6 and s6k genes in n. benthamiana affected accumulation of cucumber mosaic virus, turnip mosaic virus (tumv), and potato virus a (pva) in contrast to turnip crin ...	2017	28437137
over-expression of gmsn1 enhances virus resistance in arabidopsis and soybean.	gmsn1 enhances virus resistance in plants most likely by affecting the expression of signal transduction and immune response genes. soybean mosaic virus (smv) infection causes severe symptom and leads to massive yield loss in soybean (glycine max). by comparative analyzing gene expression in the smv-resistant soybean cultivar rsmv1 and the susceptible cultivar ssmv1 at a transcriptome level, we found that a subgroup of gibberellic acid stimulated transcript (gast) genes were down-regulated in sm ...	2017	28656325
the c-terminal region of the turnip mosaic virus p3 protein is essential for viral infection via targeting p3 to the viral replication complex.	like other positive-strand rna viruses, plant potyviruses assemble viral replication complexes (vrcs) on modified cellular membranes. potyviruses encode two membrane proteins, 6k2 and p3. the former is known to play pivotal roles in the formation of membrane-associated vrcs. however, p3 remains to be one of the least characterized potyviral proteins. the p3 cistron codes for p3 as well as p3n-pipo which results from rna polymerase slippage. in this study, we show that the p3n-pipo of turnip mosa ...	2017	28735115
the genetic structure of turnip mosaic virus population reveals the rapid expansion of a new emergent lineage in china.	turnip mosaic virus (tumv) is one of the most widespread and economically important virus infecting both crop and ornamental species of the family brassicaceae. tumv isolates can be classified to five phylogenetic lineages, basal-b, basal-br, asian-br, world-b and orchis.	2017	28851396
altered expression of a chloroplast protein affects the outcome of virus and nematode infection.	the chloroplast-resident rna helicase ise2 (increased size exclusion limit 2) can modulate the formation and distribution of plasmodesmata and intercellular trafficking. we have determined that ise2 expression is induced by viral infection. therefore the responses of nicotiana benthamiana plants with varying levels of ise2 expression to infection by tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) and turnip mosaic virus (tumv) were examined. surprisingly, increased or decreased ise2 expression led to faster viral sy ...	2017	28323529