Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| the possible viral etiology of multiple sclerosis. | 1975 | 175649 | |
| effects of canine distemper virus infection on lymphoid function in vitro and in vivo. | in the present study, the immunodepressive effects of canine distemper virus (cdv) infection of dogs on two parameters of lymphocyte function, namely phytomitogen-induced cellular proliferation and skin allograft rejection, were investigated. infection of susceptible gnotobiotic dogs with virulent r252-cdv resulted in a depression of peripheral blood lymphocyte mitogen response as measured by (3h)thymidine incorporation for up to 10 weeks after inoculation. this effect coincided with the appeara ... | 1975 | 1091560 |
| a study of immunoglobulin m antibody to measles, canine distemper, and rinderpest viruses in sera of patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. | seven boys were studied who had the clinical features of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) and whose brain histology was consistent with sspe. measles antigen was detected in the seven brains by the direct fluorescent antibody method. three out of the seven boys had in their sera measles specific immunoglobulin m (igm) which was detected by the indirect fluorescent antibody method, and the cell receptors for it were acetone stable. a prozone effect was noted in the sera of two patients. ... | 1975 | 1097472 |
| letter: combined distemper/measles vaccine. | 1975 | 1114628 | |
| measles vaccine in dogs: efficacy against aerosol challenge with virulent canine distemper virus. | fifty young beagle pups were used in studies on the efficacy of measles virus vaccine in providing protection against virulent canine distemper (cd) virus given intranasally. among 29 dogs vaccinated with measles virus vaccine and subsequently exposed to virulent cd virus, 1 died, 7 developed relatively severe signs of cd, 15 had mild signs of distemper, and 6 remained clinically normal. of 15 unvaccinated dogs similarly exposed to virulent cd virus, 11 succumbed to distemper. six pups vaccinate ... | 1975 | 1150494 |
| myxovirus-like structures in the glomerular endothelial cell cytoplasm in canine nephritis. | electron microscopic examinations revealed the presence of myxovirus-like tubular structures, 200a in diameter, in the endothelial cytoplasm of the glomeruli in four dogs with chronic interstitial nephritis and in one healthy control dog. the structures were found inside the endoplasmic reticulum and in some longitudinal sections, the tubuli seemed to have a helical or spiral substructure. the morphology and cellular localization of the structures resembled those seen in systemic lupus erythemat ... | 1975 | 1155103 |
| determination of the buoyant density of canine distemper virus by radioassay. | canine distemper virus was labelled with tritiated uridine and, following precipitation with saturated ammonium sulphate solution, was concentrated 66-fold by centrifugation through a discontinuous sucrose gradient. when this preparation was centrifuged to equilibrium in density gradients of potassium tartrate or sucrose, radioactivity was distributed over the density range 1.218 to 1.180 with a pronounced peak at around 1.195. this corresponded closely to the distribution of infectivity and als ... | 1975 | 1169928 |
| serologic response to canine distemper viral antigens in gnotobiotic dogs infected with canine distemper virus. | the humoral immune response to canine distemper viral antigens in gnotobiotic dogs experimentally infected with canine distemper virus was studied by the complement fixation and serum neutralization tests. antibody titers measured by both serologic methods varied inversely with the severity of disease produced. recovered dogs demonstrated the highest titers of antibody, whereas fatally infected dogs had little or no antibody activity in their sera. a third group of dogs, characterized by chronic ... | 1975 | 1185008 |
| comparison of canine distemper viral strains: an electron microscopic study. | a canine distemper (cd) viral strain, designated r252, originally obtained from a dog with demyelinating encephalomyelitis has been shown to reproduce this disease in gnotobiotic dogs in a high incidence in contradistinction to other cd viral strains which produce an acute fatal disease. because comparision of r252 strain with the snyder hill (sh) and onderstepoort (ond) strains revealed differences in in vitro behavior, the 3 viruses were ultrastructurally investigated. the results revealed dif ... | 1975 | 807132 |
| encephalomyelitis induced by paramyxovirus in nonhuman primates with a special reference to possible viral etiology of multiple sclerosis. | 1976 | 818580 | |
| failure of attenuated canine distemper virus (rockborn strain) to suppress lymphocyte blastogenesis in dogs. | the attenuated rockborn strain of canine distemper virus is commonly used in commercial vaccines. since immunosuppression is a common feature of virulent (snyder hill) distemper virus infection of the dog, an evaluation of the cellular immune functions of dogs given inoculums of the less virulent rockborn strain was done using lymphocyte blastogenesis responses to various mitogens. unlike the viruslent snyder hill strain, the attenuated distemper virus did not alter lymphocyte blastogenesis resp ... | 1976 | 943277 |
| vaccine-induced canine distemper in a lesser panda. | a fatal disease occurred in a lesser panda (ailurus fulgens) 2 weeks after vaccination with modified live distemper vaccine. the disease clinically resembled canine distemper. pathologically there was giant cell pneumonia, with canine distemper viral inclusion bodies in pulmonary and digestive tract epithelium. viral isolates were indicative of an attenuated strain rather than virulent types. | 1976 | 988010 |
| fatal vaccine-induced canine distemper virus infection in black-footed ferrets. | four black-footed ferrets that were live-trapped in south dakota and transported to the patuxent wildlife research center died within 21 days after vaccination with modified live canine distemper virus. immunofluorescence, european ferret inoculation, virus isolation attempts, and serum-neutralization tests indicated insufficient attenuation of the vaccine for this species. | 1976 | 988011 |
| age-related susceptibility to infection with canine distemper virus in gnotobiotic dogs. | the influence of age on the susceptibility of gnotobiotic dogs to infection with virulent canine distemper virus (r252-cdv) was studied. of the dogs infected at less than one week of age, 85% died of acute encephalitis two to five weeks after infection. in contrast, only 28.5% of infected weanling and 33.3% of infected adult dogs died after receiving inoculations of r252-cdv. furthermore, about one-half of the fatally infected weanling dogs developed chronic encephalitis characterized by infiltr ... | 1976 | 1003016 |
| rna homology between subacute sclerosing panencephalitis and measles viruses. | 1976 | 1004582 | |
| a rapid method for the quantitative study of rna from canine distemper virus infected cells. | centrifugation through cscl was used to isolate 32p-labelled rna in a one-step purification procedure. the method is suitable for quantitative as well as preparative studies and appears to have considerable advantages over conventional methods of rna extraction. we have used this procedure to investigate the rna synthesized in vero cells infected with canine distemper virus (cdv). we show that the combination of cscl centrifugation and affinity chromatography on poly-u sepharose provides a rapid ... | 1976 | 1018176 |
| prophylactic, postinfectious and neonatal vaccination against canine distemper in mink. | mink were vaccinated against canine distemper and challenged with the snyder hill strain of canine distemper virus. protection was acquired if vaccination took place more than a few days before challenge. if vaccination took place even early during incubation mortality was higher than in the unvaccinated controls. full protection of kits may be achieved even at an age of 16 to 20 days provided the kits had not passively acquired immunity from their mothers. kits surviving distemper because of pa ... | 1976 | 1034916 |
| combined distemper/measles vaccine. | 1976 | 1258290 | |
| cell-mediated immunity and age at vaccination associated with measles inoculation and protection of dogs against canine distemper. | the antibody-mediated immune response (amir) of dogs to measles and canine distemper viruses has been described. however, there is little information on the cell-mediated immune response (cmir). the amir and the cmir of dogs to canine distemper and to measles were examined. the cmir was determined for 6 weeks by measuring the 3h-thymidine uptake by immune lymphocytes in the lymphocyte transformation test. concurrently, canine distemper and measles virus serum-neutralization antibodies were measu ... | 1976 | 1259211 |
| genesis and maintenance of a persistent infection by canine distemper virus. | vero cells were persistently infected with canine distemper virus by continuous undiluted passage of virus harvests. the cells were refractory to superinfection by both measles virus and canine distemper virus. these persistently infected cells produced and released into the medium a labile component which had a potent and selective inhibitory effect on the replication of canine distemper and measles virus. the inhibitory agent was not inactivated by u.v.-irradiation or sedimented by ultracentri ... | 1976 | 184239 |
| a canine distemper model of virus-induced anergy. | for development of an animal model of virus-induced anergy, the effect of canine distemper virus (cdv) upon cell-mediated immunity in dogs was investigated. first, canine cutaneous reactions and in vitro lymphocyte responses to soluble protein antigens were characterized. dogs immunized with picryl guinea pig albumin and with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (both in complete freund's adjuvant) responded reproducibly to intracutaneous challenge with these antigens. reactivity peaked in 20-40 days (maxi ... | 1976 | 57199 |
| critical factors of the vacuum-oven technique which influence the estimation of moisture in veterinary biologics. | when striving toward standardization of lyophilized products, it is often difficult to correlate biological characteristics and residual-moisture content because of the great variety of assay procedures being used to estimate residual moisture. even when moisture assays are performed according to the same general assay procedure, there are often subtle differences that cause large variations in results. critical factors of the vacuum-oven technique such as: homogeneity and number of samples, siz ... | 1976 | 198320 |
| effect of feline panleukopenia virus infection on development of humoral and cellular immunity. | cats were infected with feline panleukopenia virus (fplv) at various ages pre- and post-parturition. all fetuses infected at 35 days of gestation from one queen and a single fetus infected at 45 days of gestation from a second queen had a significant delay in time of skin allograft rejection. older fetuses and newborn kittens infected with fplv did not show this delay in rejection time. adult cats infected with fplv demonstrated a significant decrease in lymphocyte responsiveness to two t cell m ... | 1976 | 782787 |
| an attenuated mink enteritis virus and its use in a trivalent vaccine: studies on safety and antigenicity. | 1977 | 200331 | |
| experiements with an inactivated hepatitis leptospirosis vaccine in vaccination programmes for dogs. | a fluid adjuvanted vaccine consisting of inactivated hepatitis virus (ih) and leptospirae antigens (l) was developed. the vaccine (kavak ihl; duphar) was tested in several vaccination programmes both alone and in combination with freeze dried measles (m) or distemper (d) vaccines. the results demonstrate that this new vaccine is also effective in pups with maternally derived antibodies, although a second vaccination at 14 weeks of age is recommended to boost the first vaccination. for the booste ... | 1977 | 196386 |
| [fluorescence serological detection of distemper virus antigens in dog cerebrospinal fluid cells]. | 1977 | 337965 | |
| observations on the distribution of canine distemper virus in the central nervous system of dogs with demyelinating encephalitis. | the distribution of canine distemper virus in the central nervous system was examined in 11 dogs with demyelinating encephalitis by the direct fluorescent antibody technique on paraffin sections of brain and spinal cord. in the grey matter there was a good correlation between the presence and severity of lesions and presence and amount of viral antigen. large concentrations of virus were found in neurons and their processes. in most demyelinating lesions only small amounts of viral antigen were ... | 1977 | 341634 |
| encephalomyelitis induced by canine distemper virus in non-human primates. | a strain of canine distemper virus was shown to be highly neuro-virulent in non-human primates. intracerebral inoculation induced in monkeys histological lesions of encephalomyelitis, i.e., degenerative changes consisting mainly of neuronal damage and inflammatory changes such as perivascular cuffings and glial proliferation, in wide areas in the brain and spinal cord. in one monkey observed for 70 days, lesions with a tendency of subacute sclerosing were also noticed. immunosuppression with cyc ... | 1977 | 413963 |
| cell fusion by canine distemper virus-infected cells and their plasma membranes. | cells first gain detectable fusion induction ability 4-6 h after infection with canine distemper virus even though mature virions are not released until about 10 h. plasma membranes isolated from cells as early as 6 h after infection also have the ability to induce early fusion. while protein synthesis is not required for fusion in the early fusion assay itself, it is required in infected cells for induction of fusion ability. early cell fusion by infected cells is apparently the result of synth ... | 1977 | 873742 |
| intradermal mitogen response in dogs: correlation with outcome of infection by canine distemper virus. | gnotobiotic and conventional dogs of different ages were examined for intradermal skin test responses and in virtro peripheral blood lymphocyte responses to the phytomitogens, phytohemagglutinin-p (pha-p) and pokeweed mitogen (pwm). all adult dogs skin tested with these mitogens demonstrated a positive skin reaction consisting of erythema and induration within 24 hours. in contrast, a positive reaction was obtained only with pha-p when both mitogens were tested in conventional and gnotobiotic ne ... | 1977 | 931136 |
| vaccine-induced canine distemper virus in black-footed ferrets. | 1977 | 556720 | |
| experimental and naturally occurring transplacental transmission of canine distemper virus. | in the present study, 2 different effects of experimentally induced infection with virulent canine distemper virus (cdv) on pregnant cdv-susceptible dogs were studied. in 1 bitch, abortion occurred 7 days after viral inoculation and there was no evidence of fetal infection. another bitch had subclinical infection and delivered 3 cdv-infected pups. sequential clinical, immunologic, and virologic studies of a litter of gnotobiotic pups (3rd bitch) that were congenitally infected with cdv demonstra ... | 1977 | 560815 |
| comparison of canine distemper virus strains in gnotobiotic dogs: effects on lymphoid tissues. | the effects of infection on various aspects of lymphoid function in gnotobiotic dogs with 2 virulent strains of canine distemper virus (cdv), snyder-hill cdv and r252-cdv, were compared. both infections resulted in a viremia-related lymphopenia which was nonselective in that the percentages of b and t cells remained unchanged throughout the observation period. nonfatal snyder-hill-cdv infection resulted in a transient depression of in vitro lymphocyte responses to phytohemagglutinin-p, whereas r ... | 1977 | 304324 |
| serologic abnormalities in multiple sclerosis. | 1978 | 568747 | |
| [virus etiology of multiple sclerosis. relations to distemper virus]. | 1978 | 631045 | |
| canine distemper, measles, and sspe. | 1978 | 645705 | |
| syncytia inhibition by immune lymphocytes: in vitro test for immunity to canine distemper. | a simple and rapid (24-h) assay for peripheral blood lymphocyte-associated immunity to canine distemper virus (cdv) is described. the test is based upon leukocyte-associated inhibition of cdv-induced syncytia formation in vero cells. the technique quantitates the response morphologically, thereby eliminating the requirement for release of radiolabeled compounds. positive results were determined from specific-pathogen-free and gnotobiotic dogs exposed to cdv via hyperimmunization, vaccination wit ... | 1978 | 649763 |
| influence of transplacentally acquired antibody on neonatal susceptibility to canine distemper virus in gnotobiotic dogs. | in utero acquistion of protective levels of neutralizing antibody to canine distemper virus (cdv) was observed in four litters of colostrum-deprived gnotobiotic and specific-pathogen-free puppies. pregnant bitches with high antibody titers passively transferred antibody to these pups transplacentally in average titers of 1:7 to 1:16 per litter. maternally derived antibody protected neonatal pups from otherwise fatal infection with virulent cdv. protection was associated with a transient lymphope ... | 1978 | 659917 |
| distemper and measles vaccines--a comparative trial. | 1978 | 672200 | |
| canine distemper virus-associated encephalitis: modification by passive antibody administration. | gnotobiotic puppies were intraperitoneally infected with r252-canine distemper virus (cdv), and treated with normal serum (ns) or cdv-specific antibody. resultant central nervous system (cns) lesions were evaluated by light and immunofluorescence microscopy. lesions in ns-treated dogs, if present, consisted of small foci of neuronal degeneration and accompanying microgliosis, restricted to grey matter of the frontal lobe. dogs receiving anti-cdv antibody, in contrast, had extensive lesions in th ... | 1978 | 696241 |
| primary reticulosis of the central nervous system in the dog. | 1978 | 716161 | |
| immunofluorescence studies of canine distemper encephalitis on paraffin-embedded tissue. | a paraffin-embedding technique for fluorescent antibody studies of canine distemper encephalitis was developed. specific fluorescence was demonstrated in all brain tissue from dogs with canine distemper, and when compared with tissue on cryostat sections, the paraffin-embedded tissue showed superior preservation of tissue architecture. the preservation of viral antigen was good, and the appearance of fluorescence in gray- and white-matter lesions was described. in gray matter, extensive fluoresc ... | 1978 | 352204 |
| procedure for processing of central nervous system tissue for immunofluorescence, light, and electron microscopic evaluation. | a rapid and simple procedure has been developed for the simultaneous localization of viral antigen in central nervous system tissues by immunofluorescnece and concomitant correlation with viral induced lesions in the contralateral brain hemisphere. in this study, one-half of the brain was excised from the dog under deep general anesthesia and samples were collected for immunofluorescence by snap freezing in liquid nitrogen. the other half of the brain was perfused under pressure with a buffered ... | 1978 | 373523 |
| a study of dogs with kennel cough. | a detailed study of a population of dogs with kennel cough was undertaken. twenty-seven (77 per cent) of a total of 35 dogs had pathological evidence of respiratory disease in the form of tracheobronchitis with, in some animals, exudative pneumonia. a variety of viral and bacterial agents were isolated from the respiratory tract of diseased dogs but bordetella bronchiseptica and canine parainfluenza virus sv-5 appeared to be the most significant organisms recovered. | 1978 | 207006 |
| decrease in platelet count after vaccination with distemper-hepatitis (dh) vaccine. | 1978 | 211690 | |
| virus infection in demyelinating diseases. | several animal and human demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (cns) are associated with rna or dna viruses. these viruses infect cns cells lytically or persistently. they mainly belong to the group of envelope viruses which derive their envelope partly from the host cell membrane. the process of virus release may result in the appearance of new antigens of virus-infected cells or the incorporation of cell membrane material into the viral envelope. these changes may lead to an imm ... | 1978 | 211825 |
| canine and feline immunization. | 1978 | 220773 | |
| multiple sclerosis and canine distemper. | 1978 | 76140 | |
| canine distemper virus and multiple sclerosis. | serum samples from patients with multiple sclerosis (m.s.), patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (s.s.p.e.), and controls were examined for virus-neutralising antibodies against measles virus (m.v.) and 2 strains of canine distemper virus (c.d.v.). m.s. and s.s.p.e. patients had higher m.v. antibody titres than controls. in contrast, no significant differences were observed in mean c.d.v.-neutralising antibody titres between m.s. patients and controls. the results, though obtained f ... | 1978 | 77418 |
| multiple sclerosis, canine distemper, and measles immunisation. | 1978 | 77968 | |
| possible initiation of viral encephalomyelitis in dogs by migrating lymphocytes infected with distemper virus. | the principal pathways by which viruses spread to the central nervous system (c.n.s.) are considered to be direct invasion along peripheral nerves or the haematogenous route. the latter is thought to involve passive transfer or active replication of virus in c.n.s. endothelial cells. in this study histological evidence of mild perivascular encephalomyelitis was found 8-10 days after infection of dogs with canine distemper virus (c.d.v.). c.d.v. antigen and viral nucleocapsids were detectable in ... | 1978 | 78387 |
| isolation of an infectious agent from bone-marrows of patients with multiple sclerosis. | bone-marrow aspirates from 5 patients with recent episodes of multiple sclerosis (m.s.) contained increased numbers of plasma cells, and aspirates from 3 of these patients contained atypical reticulum cells. when bone-marrow from 4 of the patients was inoculated into cell cultures a cytopathic effect (c.p.e.) was observed, and this effect could be serially passaged to further cultures. the c.p.e. was not observed when ether-treated extracts of cells showing c.p.e. were used for passage or when t ... | 1978 | 79758 |
| multiple sclerosis and canine distemper in iceland. | iceland offers a favourable opportunity to examine the suggested relationship between canine distemper and multiple sclerosis. distemper is not enzootic in iceland and distemper immunisation is not practised. however, importations result in occasional epizootics, three of which have occurred since 1909. careful enumeration of multiple sclerosis indicates that there were 129 cases during the period 1946--65. when these cases are subdivided into six regions, by place of birth, regional period-prev ... | 1978 | 82686 |
| multiple sclerosis and canine distemper in iceland. | 1979 | 85027 | |
| antibody responses in the cerebrospinal fulid of cynomolgus monkeys after intracerebral inoculation with paramyxoviruses. | cynomolgus monkeys with or without measles antibody were intracerebrally inoculated with measles or canine distemper viruses, and antibody responses in the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) were investigated. in measles antibody-free monkeys, natural infection with wild measles virus or intracerebral inoculations with two attenuated measles vaccines evoked primary antibody responses to measles virus in the sera but not in the csf. in measles-immune monkeys, intracerebral inoculation with the tycsa strai ... | 1979 | 106009 |
| pathology of measles virus infection of the nervous system: comparison with multiple sclerosis. | 1979 | 110718 | |
| a new plaque system for canine distemper: characteristics of the green strain of canine distemper virus. | a vero cell adapted green strain of canine distemper virus (cdv) was tested for its plaque-forming capacity in different cell lines. plaque formation was observed in hep-2, bs-c-1, and hela cells but not in vero or dog kidney cells even though replication and cytopathology were observed in the latter cell types. in the cells in which the virus was capable of producing plaques, the plaques were observed within 24 h post infection and continued to increase in size with subsequent cellular destruct ... | 1979 | 113067 |
| immune mechanisms against canine distemper. ii. role of antibody in antigen modulation and prevention of intercellular and extracellular spread of canine distemper virus. | specific antibody was shown to be highly effective in neutralizing extracellular canine distemper virus (cdv) as well as preventing the intercellular spread of this virus. thus, relatively low levels of antibody neutralized 1 x 10(5) tcid50 of extracellular cdv and the development of plaques or cpe in hep-2 and vero cells respectively could be prevented even when up to 5% of the cells were infected. this inhibition of cpe and virus spread was most pronounced when antibody was added early but cou ... | 1979 | 118114 |
| use of vaccines in exotic species. | 1979 | 222041 | |
| mechanisms of heterotypic immunity against canine distemper. | hep-2 cells infected with measles virus (mv) for as short as 6 h became refractory to superinfection with canine distemper virus (cdv) but not to vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv). the exact mechanism of such interference is unknown but probably occurs after virus attachment and penetration. these results verify the suggestion that virus interference may be a mechanism of heterotypic protection against canine distemper. | 1979 | 226395 |
| antigenic relationships between measles and canine distemper viruses: comparison of immune response in animals and humans to individual virus-specific polypeptides. | precipitation with hyperimmune rabbit sera, sera from patients convalescing from measles, and sera from patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, followed by electrophoresis, enabled antigenic relationships between the individual polypeptides of measles and canine distemper viruses to be examined. virus isolates from patients with acute measles or subacute sclerosing panencephalitis showed no antigenic differences. with rabbit hyperimmune sera, antigenic crossreactivity was present betw ... | 1979 | 293747 |
| neutralizing antibodies to canine distemper and measles virus in multiple sclerosis. | serum neutralizing antibody to canine distemper virus (cdv) was measured in 142 patients with multiple sclerosis (ms), an equal number of age and sex-matched normal controls, and 75 patients with other neurological disorders. an elevated antibody titer was found in the ms population compared to controls. measles-neutralizing antibody was also found to be elevated in 128 patients with ms. the mean ratio of measles to cdv antibody was similar in the control and ms groups, but a wide range of measl ... | 1979 | 438844 |
| the effect of canine distemper virus on the ameloblastic layer of the developing tooth. | 1979 | 442456 | |
| early events in canine distemper demyelinating encephalomyelitis. | the early neuropathological development of demyelinating canine distemper encephalomyelitis (cde) was studied in spf dogs. neural tissues were examined up to 30 days post infection (pi). three phases of activity were observed. the primary event (first observed 8 days pi) was a nonsuppurative encephalomyelitis associated with the initiation of central nervous system (cns) infection by virus-laden lymphocytes. at 24 days pi noninflammatory demyelination occurred in well defined, subependymal foci. ... | 1979 | 452851 |
| canine distemper virus-associated hypocalcemia. | a retrospective study was done to correlate serum calcium concentrations and parathyroid gland ultrastructure to clinical, immunologic, and pathologic changes experimentally induced in gnotobiotic dogs by canine distemper virus (cdv). dogs infected with cdv had significantly reduced serum calcium concentrations associated with ultrastructural evidence of parathyroid gland inactivity, degeneration, and viral inclusions. although cdv-infected dogs exhibited neurologic signs, minimal lesions were p ... | 1979 | 453678 |
| immune mechanisms against canine distemper. i. identification of k cell against canine distemper virus infected target cells in vitro. | canine peripheral blood lymphocytes, polymorphonuclear leucocytes (pmn) and monocytes (macrophages) were obtained by various cell separation techniques and were tested for their cytotoxic capacity against antibody-sensitized canine distemper virus (cdv) infected vero cells by an in vitro chromium release assay. canine lymphocytes were found to destroy cdv infected target cells effectively, while neither pmn nor monocytes (macrophages) could do so. the active lymphocyte was characterized by vario ... | 1979 | 468299 |
| immunological evidence for the synthesis of all canine distemper virus polypeptides in chronic neurological diseases in dogs. chronic distemper and old dog encephalitis differ from sspe in man. | 1979 | 483572 | |
| polioencephalomalacia associated with canine distemper virus infection. | eight dogs with severe neurologic signs, including seizures, had polioencephalomalacia of the pyriform cortex, ammon's horn and deep structures in the temporal lobe. the polioencephalomalacia was considered to be a consequence of canine distemper virus infection based on clinical signs, typical inclusions, the demonstration of viral antigens in the lesions and of characteristic paramyxovirus nucleocapsids by electron microscopy. little evidence for neuronal destruction by direct viral activity w ... | 1979 | 505890 |
| effects of prednisolone on the development of immune responses to canine distemper virus in beagle pups. | effects of oral prednisolone (op) on the development of immune responses of beagle pups to canine distemper virus (cdv) were studied. dogs were treated with op for 21 days, twice a day for the first 7 days, once a day for the next 7 days, and on alternate days for the last 7 days. dogs given dosages of op (1 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg) showed a normal in vivo immunogenic response after cdv vaccination and survived a virulent cdv challenge exposure, whereas non-treated, nonvaccinated dogs became ill or d ... | 1979 | 525893 |
| distemper infection in lesser pandas due to administration of a canine distemper live vaccine. | 1979 | 574575 | |
| lymphocyte-associated immune responses to canine distemper and measles viruses in distemper-infected gnotobiotic dogs. | cellular immune responses of peripheral blood lymphocytes to canine distemper virus and measles virus were determined in vaccinated or infected gnotobiotic dogs, using the technique of syncytia inhibition. cross-reactivity between viruses was detected in both groups of dogs. peak responses in vaccinated dogs occurred 11 days after vaccination and declined to base-line levels by 3 weeks, whereas responses in infected dogs were present 30 days after inoculation. fractionation experiments with peri ... | 1979 | 314249 |
| immunological relationships between homologous structural polypeptides of measles and canine distemper virus. | the major structural polypeptides of measles and canine distemper virus (cdv) were isolated by sds-polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis. rabbit hyperimmune sera directed against the isolated ha, p, np, f and m polypeptides were prepared. in addition, rabbit hyperimmune sera directed against purified native internal components of measles virus and against purified virions of measles and cdv, untreated or treated with trypsin, were prepared. these sera were used to study the immunological relat ... | 1980 | 6161986 |
| persistent paramyxovirus infections and behaviour of beta-adrenergic receptors in c-6 rat glioma cells. | this paper describes the influence of persistent infections of c-6 rat glioma cells by paramyxoviruses [virus of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) and canine distemper (cdv)] on the cellular beta-adrenergic membrane receptors. the number and binding properties of the beta-adrenergic receptors of the paramyxovirus-infected cells were measured by 3h-dihydroalprenolol binding studies and compared with those of the uninfected c-6 cells. in the case of sspe virus neither changes in number no ... | 1980 | 6245183 |
| multiple sclerosis and viruses: an overview. | the evidence for a viral etiology of ms has been reviewed. the strongest evidence favoring a virus is based primarily on epidemiologic considerations. less convincing evidence comes from pathologic studies, serology, lymphocyte reactivity to viral antigens, and reports of identification of virus in ms tissues. animal models of viral demyelination exist, which may provide insight into possible etiologic agents and pathogenetic mechanisms. considering all the data, it is clear that no agent can be ... | 1980 | 6248821 |
| influence of residual moisture and sealing atmosphere on viability of two freeze-dried viral vaccines. | this study demonstrated the complexity of the factors leading to changes in the infectivity titers of freeze-dried canine distemper and poultry infectious bronchitis viral vaccines. the change in moisture content during the storage period was an additional parameter which may influence the infectivity titer. the results emphasized the difficulty of predetermining variations in infectivity titers from the initial residual moisture. the analysis of the variations in infectivity titers during the s ... | 1980 | 6252243 |
| establishment of a canine cell line: derivation, characterization, and viral spectrum. | a cell line, designated a-72, for virus studies was established from a tumor surgically removed from a female, 8-year-old golden retriever dog. following explant culture, the cells were serially passaged 135 times. the a-72 cells maintained a fibroblastic appearance and, at the 123rd passage, had a population doubling time of approximately 27 hours. karyotypic analysis of the high passage cells showed the modal 2n chromosome number was 92 to 93. using starch gel electrophoresis for enzyme charac ... | 1980 | 6254399 |
| isolation of a paramyxovirus from the cerebrospinal fluid of a dog with posterior paresis. | a paramyxovirus was isolated from cerebrospinal fluid of a dog with a history of incoordination and posterior paresis. the virus apparently was not related to canine distemper virus (cdv), considering the lack of virus neutralization with cdv-specific antibody, negative immunofluorescence with cdv-specific conjugate, and avirulence for ferrets. the virus was antigenically related to a prototype strain of canine parainfluenza virus, as determined by positive immunofluorescence with canine parainf ... | 1980 | 6254938 |
| wellcome research: virology and the promotion of animal health. | 1980 | 6259800 | |
| search for canine-distemper-virus antibodies in multiple sclerosis. a detailed virological evaluation. | sera and cerebrospinal fluid samples from multiple-sclerosis (ms) patients, matched controls, and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) patients were analysed for the presence of antibodies specific for measles and canine distemper virus (cdv). virus-specific antibodies were identified by haemagglutination inhibition, neutralisation, and immune precipitation in combination with polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. sspe and ms patients had a higher antibody activity towards measles virus than ... | 1980 | 6107454 |
| radioimmunoassay of measles virus nucleocapsid antigen. | a double antibody competitive binding radioimmunoassay (ria) was developed as a tool for investigating the involvement of measles virus in persistent virus infections. the assay employs 125i-labelled measles virus nucleocapsids as the labelled antigen. nucleocapsids were purified from cytoplasmic extracts of virus-infected vero cells, treated with trypsin to prevent clumping and iodinated to a specific activity of about 15 microci/microgram. electrophoretic analysis of iodinated trypsin-treated ... | 1980 | 6770034 |
| a comparison of measles and canine distemper virus polypeptides. | the polypeptides induced by canine distemper virus (cdv) strains have been characterized by polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis of infected cell lysates labelled with 35s-methionine, 14c-amino acids, 3h-glucosamine and 3h-mannose, or 32p-orthophosphate. seven virus-induced polypeptides have been asigned the following nomenclature and mol. wt.: a large polypeptide l (180,000); a large glycoprotein g (77,000); a nucleocapsid-associated protein p (73,000); the nucleocapsid protein n (60,000); t ... | 1980 | 6770040 |
| the neurovirulence of large- and small-plaque canine-distemper viruses for hamsters. | 1980 | 6778731 | |
| structural polypeptides of canine distemper virus. | the structural polypeptides of two strains of canine distemper virus and the lec strain of measles virus were analysed by sds-polyacrylamide-slab-gel electrophoresis. one strain of canine distemper virus derived from a live vaccine (convac, dumex), contained six major structural polypeptides with mol.wt. of 85, 78, 59, 43, 41 and 34 x 10(3). the 85k polypeptide was glycosylated. it was interpreted to be equivalent ot the 79k glycoprotein of the measles hemagglutinin. the second strain, a rapidly ... | 1980 | 6893798 |
| survival of pathogenic distemper virus at 5c and 25c. | 1980 | 6899617 | |
| encephalitis and meningitis. | 1980 | 6967647 | |
| canine distemper virus: review of structural and functional modulations in lymphoid tissues. | 1980 | 6989302 | |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for evaluation of antibody to canine distemper virus. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for canine immunoglobulin (ig) g antibodies to canine distemper virus (cdv) was developed and its test results were compared with those of the serum-neutralization (sn) test. the sera of 273 random-source adult dogs were examined. the two tests had a high degree of correlation. very few discrepancies occurred and most of these were at the lower limits of each test. when the sera were tested at 1:100 dilution, there was a 98% agreement between the elis ... | 1980 | 6996542 |
| comparative aspects of pathogenicity of measles, canine distemper, and rinderpest viruses. | 1980 | 6997585 | |
| [evidence of canine distemper virus in kidneys of apparently healthy ferrets (author's transl)]. | 1980 | 7006506 | |
| demonstration of canine distemper viral antigen in paraffin sections, using an unlabeled antibody-enzyme method. | a peroxidase technique was used for the immunohistochemic demonstration of canine distemper viral antigen in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues. the antigen was detected in epithelial cells and nerve cells of young dogs. the application of a combined peroxidase and hematoxylin and eosin stain as a diagnostic technique is discussed. | 1980 | 7011122 |
| chronic canine distemper virus encephalitis in mature dogs. | five dogs 2 to 8 years old with old dog encephalitis were compared to five other dogs, 4 to 8 1/2 years old, with prolonged multifocal demyelinating distemper encephalitis. the dogs with old dog encephalitis had a diffuse panencephalitis involving most areas of the central nervous system with relative sparing of the cerebellum. the clinical signs were related to the cortical and subcortical lesions. the other dogs had severe focal necrotizing lesions mostly in the cerebellum and in the vicinity ... | 1980 | 7352359 |
| the polypeptides of canine distemper virus: synthesis in infected cells and relatedness to the polypeptides of other morbilliviruses. | 1980 | 7352374 | |
| plasmalogenase and phospholipase a1, a2, and l1 activities in white matter in canine distemper virus-associated demyelinating encephalomyelitis. | three weeks after inoculation of 24-day-old gnotobiotic dogs with snyder-hill canine distemper virus, white matter samples were taken from the primary predilection sites for canine distemper virus-associated demyelination. the plasmalogenase activity in extracts was nearly 6-fold greater than control values for a dog with extensive demyelination and was not detectable in tissue from a dog with non-demyelinating lesions. acid and neutral phospholipases a1 and a2 were assayed in homogenates and ex ... | 1980 | 7355670 |
| plasma phase viremia in canine distemper virus infection. | plasma samples from gnotobiotic pups infected with r252 canine distemper virus at 7 days of age contained free infective virus when titrated on canine pulmonary macrophage cultures. virus was detected 7 days after infection and increased thereafter. platelets may be involved in leukocyte-free viremia. the present study indicated that the method of dissemination of the virus in vivo involves plasma and canine distemper virus-infected leukocytes. | 1980 | 7362119 |
| multiple sclerosis and distemper in iceland 1966-1978. | a highly restricted epidemic of canine distemper occurred in southwest iceland in 1966-67. we have determined the extent of dog contact and exposure to dogs during the distemper epidemic in icelandic ms patients with onset since 1966. further, age of onset, and annual incidence of ms from 1966 through 1978 have been determined. thirty-five of 36 ms patients had close dog contact prior to onset of their illness, and 34 were in the area of the distemper epidemic during 1966-67. a significant decre ... | 1980 | 7376823 |
| immune mechanisms against canine distemper. iii. role of complement lysis in the immunity and persistent infection of canine distemper virus. | antibody-mediated complement lysis of vero cells and canine macrophages infected with canine distemper virus (cdv) was demonstratee in an in vitro 51cr release assay. this cytolytic activity was found to be highly efficient and was optimal under conditions which favoured the capping of redistribution of surface viral antigens. a prozone was observed in the presence of high antibody concentration and could not be eliminated by repeated washings. by tagging antibody-coated target cells with 125i-l ... | 1980 | 7380468 |
| intracerebral synthesis of antibodies to measles and distemper viruses in patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis and multiple sclerosis. | serum and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) measles and distemper antibody levels were quantified in a series of twenty patients (four subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe); ten multiple sclerosis (ms); six non-ms neurological cases) using independent competitive inhibition radioimmunoassays. these results were used in a tourtellotte calculation to measure the intracerebral igg synthesis to each virus. the results confirmed that in sspe there is a greatly enhanced intracerebral measles antibody syn ... | 1980 | 7389198 |
| natural and immune cytolysis of canine distemper virus-infected target cells. | natural and immune cytolysis of canine distemper virus (cdv)-infected target cells in vitro is described. lymphocytes expressing natural cytotoxicity were found in specific-pathogen-free beagle dogs and in beagle-coonhound crosses before vaccination with cdv and indefinitely after vaccination, when the ephemeral immune lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity (ilmc) had declined. in contrast to the natural lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity, the ilmc was genetically restricted, could not be blocked by cdv ... | 1980 | 7399692 |
| isolation of canine distemper virus from dogs with chronic neurological diseases. | 1980 | 7403107 | |
| pet ownership, distemper antibodies and multiple sclerosis. | the incidence of cat or dog ownership was similar in 64 multiple sclerosis (ms) patients in south-east england and age- and sex-matched controls. 86% of both groups had owned a cat or dog before the date of onset of ms in the index case so that it would be difficult to detect an association between pet ownership and ms. the titres of neutralising antibody to canine distemper virus were higher in the ms patients (mean 48 +/- 68) than the controls (32 +/- 35), a significant difference (p < 0.05). ... | 1980 | 7420118 |