Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| studies on inflammation : v. the mechanism of fixation by the inflammatory reaction. | microscopic studies show the presence of a network of fibrin within the tissues and numerous thrombosed lymphatics at the site of inflammation. precipitated iron compounds, possibly coagulated horse serum, or particulate matter caught in this fibrinous reticulum will disseminate less readily than trypan blue from the site of inflammation. trypan blue injected at the periphery of an inflamed area fails to enter the site of inflammation. this failure of penetration is caused by the occlusion of ly ... | 1931 | 19869833 |
| the precipitin reaction of antipneumococcus sera : iii. the ratio of precipitin to protective antibody in type ii. | the ratio precipitin/protective antibody is given for several fresh antipneumococcus horse sera (type ii). the application of the precipitin test here dealt with and that of similar ones, based on the conception of a parallelism between precipitin and protective antibody, is limited to unrefined horse sera. | 1931 | 19869842 |
| further experiences with non-specific local cutaneous immunity to staphylococcus aureus : local non-specific protection. | 1. many substances besides the specific broth filtrates of besredka can be utilized as topical applications to protect guinea pigs from the effects of massive doses of staphylococcus given subcutaneously. (plain broth, peptone 10 per cent, peptone 1 per cent, liebig's meat extract, mustard plaster and normal horse serum.) 2. where such protection occurs, no matter what the stimulus is, the local skin reaction microscopically is the same as that previously described for broth compresses. 3. many ... | 1931 | 19869849 |
| a potent antipoliomyelitic horse serum concentrate and its experimental use in infected monkeys. | 1. the horse, apparently itself unsusceptible to poliomyelitis, can be stimulated in certain cases but not all to the production of virucidal antibodies. 2. the virucidal potency of such immune serum can be raised to a point comparable to that of human convalescent serum and when concentrated and refined exhibits a four-fold increase in potency. 3. such concentrates have proved effective in the prevention of paralysis in inoculated monkeys when given intraspinously before the onset of paralysis. ... | 1931 | 19869864 |
| chemo-immunological studies on conjugated carbohydrate-proteins : v. the immunological specifity of an antigen prepared by combining the capsular polysaccharide of type iii pneumococcus with foreign protein. | 1. type-specific antipneumococcus immunity has been induced in rabbits by immunization with antigen prepared by combining a specific derivative of the capsular polysaccharide of type iii pneumococcus with globulin from horse serum. 2. rabbits immunized with this antigen acquire active immunity against infection with virulent type iii pneumococci. 3. the sera of the immune rabbits contain type-specific antibodies which precipitate the type iii capsular polysaccharide, agglutinate type iii pneumoc ... | 1931 | 19869930 |
| some ultraviolet photomicrographs of b. subtilis. | 1. type-specific antipneumococcus immunity has been induced in rabbits by immunization with antigen prepared by combining a specific derivative of the capsular polysaccharide of type iii pneumococcus with globulin from horse serum. 2. rabbits immunized with this antigen acquire active immunity against infection with virulent type iii pneumococci. 3. the sera of the immune rabbits contain type-specific antibodies which precipitate the type iii capsular polysaccharide, agglutinate type iii pneumoc ... | 1931 | 19869931 |
| cutaneous reactions in rabbits to the type-specific capsular polysaccharides of pneumococcus. | the injection of the type-specific capsular polysaccharides of pneumococcus types i, ii and iii into the skin of rabbits, actively or passively immunized to one of these types of pneumococcus, elicits a type-specific cutaneous reaction. the form of reaction resembles that described by arthus. the reaction is produced only when type-specific precipitins for the homologous polysaccharide are demonstrable in the blood of the rabbit. in 84 per cent of actively immunized rabbits, the serum of which c ... | 1931 | 19869942 |
| serum sickness in rabbits : i. manifestations of serum sickness. | 1. the injection of a single large dose of normal horse serum into rabbits results in the appearance 3 to 8 days later of erythematous and edematous reactions on the ears in 68.9 per cent of the animals. 2. the injections may be given by any of several routes and reactions appear when the site of injection is definitely distant from the ears. 3. injections of various antisera into rabbits cause the appearance of similar reactions. 4. these reactions can be considered as manifestations of serum s ... | 1931 | 19869943 |
| localization of pneumococci in the lungs of partially immunized mice following inhalation of pneumococci. | 1. when mice are passively immunized by the intraperitoneal injection of antipneumococcus horse serum or actively by the injection of heat-killed pneumococcus cultures, and are then alcoholized and sprayed with a culture of pneumococci of the same type as that of the bacteria employed in immunization, a considerable number die with localized lesions in the lungs. 2. if instead of injecting immune serum of the type corresponding to that of the bacteria employed in producing the infection, normal ... | 1931 | 19869945 |
| choline-esterase. an enzyme present in the blood-serum of the horse. | 1932 | 16745037 | |
| a study of the protein-lipid combinations in blood and body fluids: i. normal human and dog plasma and horse serum. | 1932 | 16694073 | |
| the arthus phenomenon : local anaphylactic inflammation in the rabbit brain. | 1. sixteen out of seventeen rabbits actively sensitized to various antigens by repeated cerebral and intravenous injections showed upon intracerebral reinjection of the same antigen local anaphylactic inflammation of the brain at the site of inoculation. 2. six out of twenty rabbits actively sensitized to either horse serum or egg albumen by extracerebral injections, showed, upon introduction of the homologous antigen into the cerebrum, local anaphylactic inflammation at the site of inoculation. ... | 1932 | 19869975 |
| immunological reactions of pneumonic pleural fluids. | pleuritic exudates from patients with lobar pneumonia may be sterile or infected. sterile fluids, at or about the time of crisis, contain actively acquired antibodies similar to those in the blood serum. infected fluids do not contain such antibodies, presumably because of the presence in them of large amounts of soluble specific substance. sterile fluids from patients treated with immune sera have both horse serum and antibodies similar to those injected. infected fluids from serum-treated case ... | 1932 | 19869983 |
| studies on virulence : iv. influence on virulence of pneumococci of growth on various media. | from the study of different tissue extracts as media for the growth of pneumococci used in an automatic transfer device, certain inferences are warranted: 1. media made from calf lung or heart, or from horse skeletal muscle maintain virulence over a long period of time. conversely, media made from calf spleen lead to a decrease in virulence. 2. lung medium causes an increase in virulence of seven strains of pneumococci. 3. virulence is maintained in normal horse serum; but, it rapidly decreases ... | 1932 | 19870049 |
| note on the group specific substance of horse saliva. | 1932 | 17753734 | |
| the particle size of the virus of equine encephalomyelitis. | 1933 | 17780264 | |
| transmission of infectious equine encephalomyelitis in mammals and birds. | 1933 | 17747680 | |
| the immunological relationship of eastern and western strains of equine encephalomyelitis virus. | 1933 | 17801697 | |
| respiratory infection in equine encephalomyelitis. | 1933 | 17807158 | |
| relationship of the viruses of vesicular stomatitis and of equine encephalomyelitis. | 1933 | 17830276 | |
| allergic lobar pneumonia : experimental study. | the injection of small amounts (1 cc.) of horse serum into the lungs of normal rabbits produces a transient pneumonitis confined to the dorsal aspect of both lungs. the injection of the same amount of horse serum into the lungs of rabbits that have been previously sensitized to the same serum causes in a high percentage of cases a lesion which is confined to one lung with the gross and microscopic features of lobar (fibrinous) pneumonia as seen in man. | 1933 | 19870115 |
| studies on the precipitin reaction : precipitating haptens; species differences in antibodies. | 1. partial hydrolysis products of the specific polysaccharide of type iii pneumococcus ranging from 550 to 1,800 in formula weight can be quantitatively freed from unhydrolyzed polysaccharide. 2. the fractions yield specific precipitates with type iii antipneumococcus horse serum but fail to precipitate homologous rabbit antisera, giving rise only to specific inhibition. the aldobionic acid, the structural unit of s iii, does not precipitate antisera. 3. a possible explanation and a possible app ... | 1933 | 19870136 |
| studies on typhus fever : xi. a report on the properties of the serum of a horse immunized with killed formalinized rickettsia. | the experiments recorded above demonstrate that the systematic treatment of a horse with formalin- and phenol-killed rickettsiae obtained from the mexican virus by our x-ray rat technique induces the development of properties in the horse's serum which may be described as follows: 1. an original agglutinating potency for proteus x-19 (weil-felix reaction) not exceeding dilutions of 1-40 was enhanced to a potency of 1-160 and, feebly, 1-320. 2. the horse's serum, after immunization, exerts distin ... | 1933 | 19870138 |
| the manner of removal of proteins from normal joints. | 1. data are presented showing that precipitin tests can be used for the detection of the proteins contained in egg white and horse serum in the blood stream and thoracic duct lymph following injection into the knee joints of normal dogs. the sera of rabbits immunized against the particular protein employed were used in doing the precipitin tests. 2. egg white is removed only by way of the lymphatics, appearing more rapidly if the leg muscles are massaged. the removal is even greater from passive ... | 1933 | 19870140 |
| the antigenic relationship between proteus x-19 and typhus rickettsiae : a study of the weil-felix reaction. | 1. the absorption of typhus sera (human or antityphus horse serum) with proteus x-19 removes only the proteus agglutinins, leaving the rickettsia agglutinins intact. 2. the absorption of typhus sera with mexican rickettsiae removes the agglutinins for both the rickettsia and proteus x-19. 3. while normal or formalinized rickettsiae are not agglutinated by anti-proteus serum, these organisms-when formalinized and heated at 75 degrees c.-become agglutinable by such serum. 4. the absorption of anti ... | 1933 | 19870181 |
| an immunological study of native, denatured, and reversed serum albumin. | native and reversed horse serum albumin are indistinguishable when tested immunologically by means of the precipitin reaction. | 1933 | 19870220 |
| the action of type-specific hemophilus influenzae antiserum. | in this communication, further evidence has been given which supports the view that the majority of the strains of hemophilus influenzae giving rise to meningitis are of the same serological type. forty strains have now been examined, and thirty-seven have been of type b. a horse has been artificially immunized with type b strains isolated from the spinal fluid of patients. by precipitation tests with the capsular carbohydrate, the serum has been shown to be highly typespecific. for the first 3( ... | 1933 | 19870224 |
| a case of dementia praecox treated by intraspinal injections of horse serum. | 1933 | 20319078 | |
| histological changes in the central nervous system following equine encephalomyelitis. | 1934 | 19970149 | |
| comparative studies on the viruses of vesicular stomatitis and equine encephalomyelitis (1). | we have studied certain properties, additional to those previously described (3), of the virus of vesicular stomatitis of horses, and of the characteristic biological reactions of the virus of equine encephalomyelitis. it has been found that the virus of stomatitis, ordinarily dermotropic, can acquire neurotropism and the neurotropic encephalomyelitis virus can, in turn, be rendered dermotropic in its action. the neurotropism in both instances is associated with definite, although not pronounced ... | 1934 | 19870237 |
| studies on typhus fever : xii. the passive immunization of guinea pigs, infected with european virus, with serum of a horse treated with killed rickettsia of the mexican type. | under uniform diet conditions the normal bile fistula dog will eliminate pretty constant amounts of cholesterol-about 0.5 to 1.0 mg. cholesterol per kilo per 24 hours. diets rich in cholesterol (egg yolk) will raise the cholesterol output in the bile but compared to the diet intake (1.5 gm. cholesterol) the output increase in the bile is trivial (5-15 mg.). calves' brains in the diet are inert. bile salt alone will raise the cholesterol output in the bile as much and often more than a cholestero ... | 1934 | 19870259 |
| the histology of equine encephalomyelitis. | the virus of equine encephalomyelitis (eastern strain) evokes in the horse, calf, sheep and dog an unusually intense encephalomyelitis characterized by acute primary degeneration of nerve cells, the appearance in neurons of the brain stem and elsewhere of nuclear inclusions resembling those in borna disease and poliomyelitis, polymorphonuclear infiltration in the nervous tissues with early microglial proliferation, and perivascular cuffing with mononuclears and polymorphonuclears in varying prop ... | 1934 | 19870264 |
| the production of streptococcus hemolyticus bacteremia in non-specifically sensitized animals. | rabbits sensitized to horse serum developed a bacteremia of 9 to 12 hours' duration when they were inoculated simultaneously with normal horse serum and a strain of streptococcus hemolyticus, while the bacteria could only be isolated from the blood stream of non-sensitized animals within the first 3 hours after inoculation. on the other hand, when antisera are employed as the antigen for shocking the sensitized rabbits, there is a significant increase in the number of bacteria in the blood strea ... | 1934 | 19870280 |
| the effect of antecedent infection and immunization with streptococci upon the reactivity of rabbits to horse serum. | 1. the cutaneous responses of rabbits to small doses of horse serum intracutaneously is described. after an original injection of 0.1 cc. a secondary reaction often occurs about the 9th day, and tests at 3 day intervals with 0.001 cc. quantities indicate that general skin hypersensitivity is established at this time. circulating precipitins for horse serum appear later. as the degree of sensitivity increases, lesions resulting from test doses reach a maximum development more quickly. 2. the reac ... | 1934 | 19870304 |
| the influence of sexual maturity upon the reactivity of rabbits to horse serum. | 1. normal rabbits in the course of their development, after infancy, vary in their responses to minute doses of horse serum given intracutaneously. 2. there is increased reactivity in males as they mature, beginning, in the stock employed in these experiments, at about the age of 13 weeks when a weight of 1,700 gm. has been attained. 3. the reactivity of normal females remains at a constant level and the increase demonstrated in males does not take place. 4. the divergence in degree of reactivit ... | 1934 | 19870305 |
| hemorrhages in skin lesions of guinea pigs following intravascular injection of toxins (shwartzman phenomenon). | 1. filtrates from b. coli, b. typhosus, or meningococci injected into the skin of guinea pigs do not produce visible inflammation. when these injections are followed by intravascular injections of the same material, hemorrhages do not occur in the skin. 2. guinea pigs sensitized to horse serum react with redness and edema to 0.1 or 0.01 cc. of horse serum injected into the skin, and subsequent intravascular injection of typhoid filtrate does not produce hemorrhage at the site of the reaction to ... | 1934 | 19870330 |
| hemorrhages in tuberculous guinea pigs at the site of injection of irritants following intravascular injections of injurious substances (shwartzman phenomenon). | 1. when toxic filtrates from cultures of b coli, b. typhosus, or meningococci are injected into the blood stream, peritoneal cavity, or subcutaneous tissue of tuberculous guinea pigs, the skin at the site of a tuberculin reaction becomes hemorrhagic. the extent of the hemorrhage is proportional to the severity of the tuberculin reaction demonstrable by tests with various dilutions of tuberculin. 2. tuberculin does not prepare the skin of non-tuberculous guinea pigs for this hemorrhagic reaction. ... | 1934 | 19870331 |
| hyperimmune antipoliomyelitic horse serum. | 1934 | 17809158 | |
| mosquito transmission of equine encephalomyelitis. | 1934 | 17800857 | |
| prevention of experimental equine encephalomyelitis in guinea pigs by means of virus adsorbed on aluminum hydroxide. | 1934 | 17821750 | |
| temporary prevention by chemical means of intranasal infection of mice with equine encephalomyelitis virus. | 1934 | 17748633 | |
| the ultracentrifugal protein sedimentation diagram of normal human, cow and horse serum. | 1935 | 16745713 | |
| the behavior of the virus of equine encephalomyelitis on the chorioallantoic membrane of the developing chick. | 1935 | 16559799 | |
| protective vaccination of horses with modified equine encephalomyelitis virus. | 1935 | 17841120 | |
| studies on anaphylaxis with pollen. | 1. guinea pigs injected intracutaneously and subcutaneously with extract of the pollen of burweed marsh-elder in relatively small amounts did not show anaphylactic response to intravenous shock doses of this material 3 weeks later. 2. if, however, the animals were sensitized with horse serum either before, or along with the same pollen injections, they could then be shocked after an interval of 3 weeks with pollen extract alone. 3. the possible rôle of this underlying sensitivity is discussed. | 1935 | 19870350 |
| dog plasma protein given by vein utilized in body metabolism of dog : horse plasma and dog hemoglobin not similarly utilized. | foreign plasma protein (horse) introduced parenterally into the protein fasting dog is not utilized in the body economy. its fate appears to be disintegration and elimination as excess urinary nitrogen. this is totally different from the fate of dog plasma protein under similar conditions. dog hemoglobin given parenterally to the protein fasting dog is not utilized as is dog plasma protein to keep the animal in nitrogen equilibrium but the globin is largely broken down and discarded as excess ur ... | 1935 | 19870359 |
| the precipitin reaction between type iii pneumococcus polysaccharide and homologous antibody : ii. conditions for quantitative precipitation of antibody in horse sera. | the experiments recorded above show that in the case of antipneumococcus horse serum or purified antibody the arbitrary immunological procedure (37 degrees for 2 hours, overnight in the ice box) does not permit either the establishment of a true equilibrium or the precipitation of the maximum amount of antibody nitrogen. analyses of such horse sera for antibody content should therefore be carried out at 0 degrees and the determinations should be allowed to stand in the cold for at least 24 hours ... | 1935 | 19870379 |
| the precipitin reaction between type iii pneumococcus polysaccharide and homologous antibody : iii. a quantitative study and a theory of the reaction mechanism. | the precipitin reaction between the specific polysaccharide of type iii pneumococcus and homologous antibody formed in the horse can be accounted for quantitatively by assuming the chemical combination of the components in a bimolecular reaction, followed by a series of competing bimolecular reactions which depend upon the relative proportions of the components. these reactions would lead to the formation of larger and larger aggregates until precipitation ultimately occurred. the mathematical f ... | 1935 | 19870380 |
| serological relationship between pneumococcus type i and an encapsulated strain of escherichia coli. | an encapsulated strain of escherichia coli has been isolated which is hemolytic, pathogenic for mice, and which has served to illustrate further evidence of heterogenetic specificity. the relationship appears to be limited to the serological reactions between the colon organism and type i antipneumococcic horse serum. type i antipneumococcic rabbit serum failed to agglutinate the organism and no reactions occurred with types ii and iii antipneumococcic horse serums, normal horse serum, and a var ... | 1935 | 19870414 |
| lipoids and immunological reactions : i. the relation of phospholipins to the type-specific reactions of antipneumococcus horse and rabbit sera. | it has been demonstrated that the removal of lipoids from type i antipneumococcus horse serum causes a loss of the visible phenomena of type specific agglutination and precipitation, and in the case of rabbit serum a marked reduction in these properties. initial activity of the type specific antibody can be restored to extracted immune horse serum by the addition of lecithin, and to rabbit serum by the addition of cephalin. the significance of these observations in respect to the relation of pho ... | 1935 | 19870429 |
| epidemiology of equine encephalomyelitis in the eastern united states. | equine encephalomyelitis of the eastern type is a disease of the late summer and fall and cases are found in greatest numbers near salt marshes. the epidemiological findings are against its transmission by contact and favor the view that it is insect borne. although virus can be demonstrated in the blood of infected horses it is present for a relatively short time, and the possibility that the disease is not primarily an infection of horses but that it is transmitted to them from another host is ... | 1935 | 19870441 |
| the transmission of equine encephalomyelitis virus by aedes aegypti. | in confirming kelser's work on the transmission of equine encephalomyelitis of the western type by aëdes aegypti it has been learned that the mosquitoes must be fed virus of high titer if positive results are to be secured. a period of from 4 to 5 days after feeding either on infected guinea pigs or on brain containing virus must elapse before the disease is transmitted by biting, but after this time transmission regularly results for a period of about 2 months. by inoculation, virus can be demo ... | 1935 | 19870442 |
| the emigration of pneumococci type iii from the blood into the thoracic duct lymph of rabbits, and the survival of these organisms in the lymph following intravenous injection of specific antiserum. | 1. rabbits injected intravenously with a large dose of a virulent type iii pneumococcus develop a bacteremia, and within an hour organisms may be cultivated from the thoracic duct lymph. the rapidity with which entrance into the lymph occurs appears to be correlated with the size of the dose injected. 2. the organisms may become more numerous in the lymph than in the blood. 3. if homologous or heterologous antisera are injected, the blood may be sterilized, but though the organisms may be lessen ... | 1935 | 19870452 |
| studies on blood coagulation : ii. the formation of fibrin from thrombin and fibrinogen. | although calcium is essential for the formation of thrombin, it can be recovered quantitatively from formed horse thrombin without affecting its coagulating activity. citrate also has no significant effect. as stated in the text, this does not exclude the possibility that thrombin is actually a calcium compound present in minute concentration; but confirming the results of hammarsten, it does show that fibrin cannot be a calcium-protein compound unless one assumes molecular weights for fibrinoge ... | 1935 | 19872866 |
| the immunological specificity of the euglobulin and pseudoglobulin fractions of horse and h;man serum. | that portion of horse and human serum globulin precipitated by 33 per cent saturation with ammonium sulfate and precipitated on subsequent dialysis was taken as euglobulin; and the fraction precipitated between 33 and 50 per cent saturation and remaining in solution on subsequent dialysis was taken as pseudoglobulin. the sera of rabbits injected with either of these antigens gave precipitation with both. however, two distinct and fraction-specific antibodies could be demonstrated by absorbing th ... | 1935 | 19872935 |
| ultrafiltration studies with normal horse serum. | 1936 | 16746000 | |
| micro-potentiometric titrations of normal horse serum globulins. | 1936 | 16746231 | |
| horse-shoe kidney: (section of urology). | 1936 | 19990713 | |
| infected hydronephrosis in a horse-shoe kidney. | 1936 | 19990782 | |
| on the group specific a substance in horse saliva. ii. | a method is described for the purification of the a substance in horse saliva, and additional observations on the chemical properties of the preparation are reported. the preparation isolated was found to be highly active serologically and it appears to be polysaccharide in nature. | 1936 | 19870466 |
| active immunication of guinea pigs with the virus of equine encephalomyelitis : i. quantitative experiments with various preparations of active virus. | active eastern or western equine encephalomyelitis virus in three forms,-chemically untreated but simply passaged through series of mice; adsorbed on alumina gel c, and precipitated by tannin,-yielded practically the same results when employed for the immunization of guinea pigs. the virus is not inactivated by the process of adsorption or precipitation : guinea pigs and mice inoculated in the brain with these materials develop lethal encephalomyelitis in the same manner as when chemically untre ... | 1936 | 19870474 |
| studies on meningococcus infection : ix. standardization and concentration of antimeningococcus horse serum (type i). | type i antimeningococcal horse sera have been standardized by the quantitative determination of their type-specific precipitin content. by a method involving dialysis and precipitation by treatment with carbon dioxide, the antibody in such sera has been purified tenfold with respect to the nitrogen content. | 1936 | 19870489 |
| relation of the hypophysis to the spleen : i. effect of hypophysectomy on growth and regeneration of spleen tissue ii. the presence of a spleen-stimulating factor in extracts of anterior hypophysis. | 1. removal of the hypophysis in adult rats is followed by progressive atrophy of the spleen. at the end of 2 months the ratio of spleen weight to body weight is one-half the normal. the administration of hypophyseal emulsion repairs to a considerable degree the atrophy of the spleen in such animals. 2. hypophysectomy completely inhibits the regeneration of splenic tissue after partial splenectomy. administration of anterior hypophyseal emulsion restores the regenerative capacity of splenic tissu ... | 1936 | 19870492 |
| the effect of combination with diazo compounds on the immunological reactivity of antibodies. | sufficient coupling with any of five different diazo compounds eventually destroyed the reactivity of all the antisera here studied. the rates of inactivation varied considerably among the several antisera. by stopping the reaction at intervals, it was possible to prepare partially inactivated antibodies of peculiarly modified reactivity. thus, the flocculating activity of diphtheria antitoxin with toxin was completely destroyed long before there was any demonstrable impairment of its protective ... | 1936 | 19870493 |
| studies in synergy : synergic stimulating effect of hypersensitivity to foreign protein and to bacteria. | 1. the relative synergic stimulating influence of anti-horse serum sensitivity, non-hemolytic streptococcal hyperergy and staphylotoxin intoxication have been determined in connection with rabbits' reaction to simultaneous injections of lens extracts. these three synergic states are increasingly active in the order named. 2. heterologous lens extract is a much more powerful antigen than is homologous lens, even under conditions where the reactivity of the immunized animal has been much enhanced. | 1936 | 19870499 |
| chemical studies on bacterial agglutination : ii. the identity of precipitin and agglutinin. | 1. the absolute, quantitative agglutinin method has been used for the determination of the presence or absence of small amounts of specific polysaccharide in pneumococcus variants. 2. a technique is described for the removal of group specific antibody from antipneumococcus horse serum. 3. the type specific anticarbohydrate agglutinin and precipitin are not only present in identical amounts in type i antipneumococcus horse serum, but a reduction in one is also accompanied by a quantitatively iden ... | 1936 | 19870500 |
| active immunization of guinea pigs with the virus of equine encephalomyelitis : ii. immunization with formolized virus. | from a study by quantitative methods, the conclusion is reached that a resistance of high degree may be induced in guinea pigs and mice against experimental equine encephalomyelitis by means of formolized vaccines in which no active virus can be demonstrated. the induced resistance is not due to residual traces of active virus which might possibly have escaped detection in the formolized tissue preparations. | 1936 | 19870501 |
| the protective action of nasally instilled immune serum against infection with certain neurotropic viruses by way of the nose. | 1. immune serum instilled intranasally in guinea pigs has protected them from infection with lethal amounts of pseudorabies virus by the nasal route. the same effect was obtained in mice with immune serum against the virus of equine encephalomyelitis (eastern strain). 2. the protective effect of the immune serum in the nose begins at the time of instillation, is still evident 5 hours later, and usually has disappeared by the end of 24 hours. 3. attempts to prolong the local effectiveness of immu ... | 1936 | 19870510 |
| protective action of certain chemicals against infection of monkeys with nasally instilled poliomyelitis virus. | in the present investigation evidence was obtained indicating that nasal instillations of suitable concentrations of sodium alum or tannic acid induce in macacus rhesus monkeys resistance to the development of poliomyelitis when the virus is introduced by the nasal route. it was found that apparently different concentrations of these chemicals are required to exert this type of protective effect in different hosts or against different viruses, for while mice are readily protected against nasal i ... | 1936 | 19870511 |
| chemo-immunological studies on conjugated carbohydrate-proteins : x. the immunological properties of an artificial antigen containing glucuronic acid. | 1. artificial carbohydrate-protein antigens containing the azobenzylglycosides of glucose and glucuronic acid give rise in rabbits to antibodies which are distinct and immunologically specific. 2. the artificial antigen containing glucuronic acid reacts in high dilutions in antipneumococcus horse sera types ii, iii, and viii. the chemical basis for this serological activity is discussed. | 1936 | 19870520 |
| the complement fixation reaction with pneumococcus capsular polysaccharide. | 1. complement is not fixed by immune aggregates resulting from the interaction of pneumococcus capsular polysaccharide and type-specific immune horse serum, although under proper conditions the substitution of immune rabbit serum gives positive results. 2. the negative results with immune horse serum are due to some poorly understood property of the specific antibodies rather than to some heterologous inhibitor present in the serum. 3. it has been shown that with immune rabbit serum-polysacchari ... | 1936 | 19870530 |
| active immunization of guinea pigs with the virus of equine encephalomyelitis : iii. quantitative studies of serum antiviral bodies in animals immunized with active and inactive virus. | an analysis of the preceding experiments discloses that antiviral bodies are demonstrable not at all or in small amounts in the sera of guinea pigs injected with a quantity of active virus not sufficient to induce immunity against the described intracerebral test for induced resistance. however, neutralizing bodies are found in immune animals, although in low concentration, and are regularly manifested when serum is added to low multiples of infective doses of virus under optimal conditions of t ... | 1936 | 19870531 |
| active immunization of guinea pigs with the virus of equine encephalomyelitis : iv. effect of immune serum on antigenicity of active and inactive virus. | a study was undertaken on the effect in vivo, in the guinea pig, of equine encephalomyelitis virus antiserum upon the antigenic response to active, as compared with that to formolized, inactive virus. it was found that when animals were given subcutaneously a proper amount of hyperimmune serum 1 hour before inoculation, in the subcutis, of either active or of inactive virus, no immunity was induced against an intracerebral test of more than 1,000 and less than 10,000 m.l.d. of virus. this preven ... | 1936 | 19870532 |
| the protective action of type i antipneumococcus serum in mice : iv. the prozone. | 1. type i antipneumococcus horse serum, in amounts exceeding a characteristic optimum, fails to protect mice against infection with the homologous type pneumococci. this failure is due to a marked inhibition of the phagocytic mechanism in the earlier stages of the infectious process. on the other hand, antipneumococcus rabbit serum in similar quantities does not inhibit phagocytosis, nor does it block the protection. 2. the experimental evidence suggests that the prozoning action of immune horse ... | 1936 | 19870541 |
| the protective action of type i antipneumococcus serum in mice : v. the effect of added lipids on the protective mechanism. | 1. the addition of small amounts of cholesterol and of cephalin reduces markedly the protective action of antipneumococcus horse serum. 2. these lipids do not affect the protective action of antipneumococcus rabbit serum. 3. these findings may be explained (a)by the selective adsorption of lipid on the antigen-antibody complex, and (b) by certain lipid antagonisms. 4. the failure of large amounts of immune horse serum to protect mice against pneumococcus infection is explicable on the basis of s ... | 1936 | 19870542 |
| phenomenon of local skin reactivity to bacterial filtrates: effect of bacterial filtrates injected intravascularly upon reactions to antigen + antibody complexes. | rabbits were sensitized by a single intravenous injection of horse serum 6 days prior to the experiments. in these rabbits there appeared hemorrhagic and necrotic reactions in sites of intradermal tests with horse serum when the tests were preceded by 1 hour, or followed 18 to 24 hours later by an intravenous injection of potent bacterial filtrates. the skin-preparatory and reacting potencies of the filtrates were titrated by means of the phenomenon of local skin reactivity to bacterial filtrate ... | 1936 | 19870551 |
| lipids and immunological reactions : iii. lipid content of specific precipitates from type i antipneumococcus sera. | 1. specific precipitates resulting from the interaction of the homologous capsular polysaccharide and type i antipneumococcus horse and rabbit sera have been analyzed by gasometric micro methods for total nitrogen, lipid nitrogen, and lipid carbon. 2. lipid may, under certain conditions, form as much as 51 per cent or as little as 4 per cent by weight of specific precipitates. 3. the total lipid content of specific precipitates, within the range studied, is entirely independent of the protein co ... | 1936 | 19870555 |
| the relation between antianaphylaxis and antibody balance : ii. the effect of specific desensitization upon resistance to infection and upon antibody balance. | it has been shown that antianaphylaxis is not caused by a partial saturation of cellular or humoral antibodies by the following facts. 1. guinea pigs passively sensitized with anti-horse or antipneumococcus serum and specifically desensitized do not manifest as great a reactivity upon resensitization with the same antiserum as upon the original sensitization. 2. guinea pigs passively sensitized with anti-friedländer type b serum or antipneumococcus type ii serum and specifically desensitized do ... | 1936 | 19870559 |
| further studies on typhus fever : on homologous active immunization against the european strain of typhus fever. | 1. guinea pigs can be actively immunized against european typhus fever with homologous formalinized rickettsia tissue cultures, provided sufficient amounts are injected. the method is suggested for practical application in man. 2. serovaccination against european typhus fever can be successfully applied to guinea pigs by a variety of methods, the simplest of which consists of the injection of mixtures of virulent defibrinated guinea pig blood and convalescent guinea pig serum taken from 3 to 5 d ... | 1936 | 19870560 |
| an acquired resistance of growing animals to certain neurotropic viruses in the absence of humoral antibodies or previous exposure to infection. | 1. as mice grow older they acquire a resistance to peripheral inoculation with the indiana and new jersey strains of vesicular stomatitis virus and to some extent also to western equine encephalomyelitis virus, but little or none to the eastern strain. 2. while some mice may become resistant as early as the 30th day of life, others may still be susceptible at 1 year of age. 3. this resistance is readily demonstrable when the inoculations are made by intranasal, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intra ... | 1936 | 19870564 |
| lipids and immunological reactions : iv. the lipid patterns of specific precipitates from type i antipneumococcus sera. | 1. complete lipid patterns of specific precipitates from horse and rabbit type i antipneumococcus sera, as well as of the sera themselves, have been determined by gasometric micro methods. 2. the lipid patterns of horse and rabbit antisera are very similar, and as regards the phosphatide fractions are relatively identical. 3. the lipid patterns of specific precipitates from horse and rabbit antisera show one outstanding qualitative difference. the specific precipitate from horse antiserum contai ... | 1936 | 19870574 |
| an arthropod vector for equine encephalomyelitis, western strain. | 1936 | 17751927 | |
| glycogen: the molecular structure of horse muscle glycogen. | 1937 | 16746506 | |
| transmission of the virus of equine encephalomyelitis by aedes taeniorhynchus. | 1937 | 17732932 | |
| pancreatitis of the horse. | 1937 | 17647320 | |
| digestive disorders of the horse. | 1937 | 17647329 | |
| a new growth in the cerebrum of a horse. | 1937 | 17647348 | |
| human artifacts in association with horse and sloth bones in southern south america. | 1937 | 17813218 | |
| the rapid invasion of the body through the olfactory mucosa. | 1. prussian blue particles pass rapidly from the surface of the olfactory mucosa and within 2 minutes are found in the tissue spaces, in blood and lymph vessels, in the perineural spaces of the olfactory nerve fibers and in the subarachnoid space and pia-arachnoid membrane. 2. there is great affinity of pigment particles for the olfactory sensory cells. 3. preliminary treatment of the olfactory mucosa with tannic acid does not alter the speed with which this absorption occurs. it does, however, ... | 1937 | 19870602 |
| studies on meningococcus infection : x. a further note on the presence of meningococcus precipitinogens in the cerebrospinal fluid. | precipitin tests have been carried out on spinal fluid from cases of meningococcal and other forms of meningitis, with monovalent anti-meningococcus horse serum of high titer. using such a test it has been possible within 2 hours to diagnose and type cases of type i and type ii meningococcal meningitis. in a certain number of cases fluids which were negative when first drawn became positive after standing for 1 or 2 days at 37 degrees c. or room temperature. in 9.5 per cent of all type i cases t ... | 1937 | 19870603 |
| the molecular weight of antibodies. | 1. highly purified rabbit type iii pneumococcus anticarbohydrate proved to be homogeneous in the ultracentrifuge and its sedimentation constant, 7.0.10(-13), did not differ from that of the principal component of normal rabbit globulin or of immune rabbit globulin containing up to 50 per cent of anti-egg albumin. the molecular weight of antibody in the rabbit is therefore probably very close to that of the principal normal globulin component, namely, 150,000. 2. highly purified horse type i pneu ... | 1937 | 19870608 |
| a quantitative study of the cross reaction of types iii and viii pneumococci in horse and rabbit antisera. | 1. a preparation of the specific polysaccharide of type viii pneumococcus is described in which the use of heat, strong acid, and alkali were avoided. 2. quantitative estimations are given of the homologous and cross reacting precipitin and agglutinin in types iii and viii antisera produced in the rabbit and in the horse. quantitative data are also given on the mechanism of the type viii precipitin reaction and the cross reaction between the type iii polysaccharide and type viii antipneumococcus ... | 1937 | 19870613 |
| electrophoresis of purified antibody preparations. | electrophoretic mobilities of antibody preparations isolated from type specific antipneumococcus horse and rabbit sera, measured over a range of ph values, show that these preparations are distinctly different from normal serum proteins in their electrochemical properties. | 1937 | 19870623 |
| a quantitative theory of the precipitin reaction : iv. the reaction of pneumococcus specific polysaccharides with homologous rabbit antisera. | 1. the reaction between the specific polysaccharide of type iii pneumococcus and homologous antibody in rabbit sera is quantitatively accounted for by expressions similar to those derived from the mass law for the corresponding horse sera. preliminary data are also given for the type i reaction. 2. differences and similarities of the reaction with antibodies produced by the two animals are discussed. 3. calculations are made of the equivalent composition of the specific precipitate at various re ... | 1937 | 19870624 |
| chemo-immunological studies on conjugated carbohydrate-proteins : xi. the specificity of azoprotein antigens containing glucuronic and galacturonic acids. | 1. azoprotein antigens containing glucuronic and galacturonic acids give rise in rabbits to specific antibodies. the immune sera show no serological crossing with antigens containing glucose or galactose. 2. the galacturonic acid antigen reacts in antipneumococcus horse serum type i in high dilutions. 3. azoprotein antigens containing galacturonic acid, benzene sulfonic and carboxylic acids precipitate in antipneumococcus horse sera of various types but not in normal horse serum. the mechanism u ... | 1937 | 19870656 |
| studies on the physiological conditions prevailing in tissue cultures. | an analysis of some of the physiological factors active in maitland tissue cultures has been presented in the hope that it may be of some value in clarifying the principles underlying tissue cultures in general. it has been found that the empirically determined necessity of using relatively small amounts of tissue in such cultures is dependent upon the fact that excessive tissue leads to a rapid change of reaction toward the acid side. whereas tissue may remain viable in an environment as alkali ... | 1937 | 19870657 |
| a quantitative theory of the precipitin reaction : v. the reaction between crystalline horse serum albumin and antibody formed in the rabbit. | 1. the reaction between crystalline horse serum albumin and homologous antibody in rabbit sera is quantitatively accounted for by expressions similar to those derived from the law of mass action for other immune precipitating systems. 2. the reaction of an azo dye prepared from crystalline serum albumin by coupling with diazotized r-salt-azo benzidine was also studied with homologous antibody and anti-serum albumin. 3. quantitative data obtained on cross reactions with the two antigens differ ma ... | 1937 | 19870658 |
| properties of the type specific proteins of antipneumococcus sera : i. the mouse protective value of type i sera with reference to the precipitin content. | the ability to carry out with some measure of precision mouse protection tests for the estimation of potency of antipneumococcus sera has made possible the correlation of the protective potency with the amount of specifically precipitable protein. with antipneumococcus rabbit sera these protective ratios are relatively constant and higher than those with immune horse serum. type i antipneumococcus horse sera, on the other hand, show no such constancy but fall into two groups; and there is as yet ... | 1937 | 19870673 |
| properties of the type specific proteins of antipneumococcus sera : ii. immunological fractionation of type i antipneumococcus horse and rabbit sera. | the generally held view has been that in any immune serum only a single antibody would be induced by and react with a single antigen. were this true the various manifestations of antibody activity should show a quantitative parallelism. it has already been shown (1), however, that with antipneumococcus horse serum the mouse protective potency does not parallel the maximum amount of specifically precipitable protein except within certain well defined groups of antisera. the simplest explanation o ... | 1937 | 19870674 |
| properties of the type specific proteins of antipneumococcus sera : iii. immunochemical fractionation of type i antipneumococcus horse and rabbit sera. | immunological and immunochemical fractionation of type i antipneumococcus horse and rabbit sera have demonstrated the existence of several forms of immune protein, each fraction behaving as a type specific antibody, but differing from the others in chemical and immunological properties. | 1937 | 19870675 |