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egyptian rousette ifn-ω subtypes elicit distinct antiviral effects and transcriptional responses in conspecific cells.bats host a number of viruses that cause severe disease in humans without experiencing overt symptoms of disease themselves. while the mechanisms underlying this ability to avoid sickness are not known, deep sequencing studies of bat genomes have uncovered genetic adaptations that may have functional importance in the antiviral response of these animals. egyptian rousette bats (rousettus aegyptiacus) are the natural reservoir hosts of marburg virus (marv). in contrast to humans, these bats do no ...202032231668
experimental infection of egyptian rousette bats (rousettus aegyptiacus) with sosuga virus demonstrates potential transmission routes for a bat-borne human pathogenic paramyxovirus.in august 2012, a wildlife biologist became severely ill after becoming infected with a novel paramyxovirus, termed sosuga virus. in the weeks prior to illness, the patient worked with multiple species of bats in south sudan and uganda, including egyptian rousette bats (erbs: rousettus aegyptiacus). a follow-up study of ugandan bats found multiple wild-caught erbs to test positive for sosv in liver and spleen. to determine the competency of these bats to act as a natural reservoir host for sosv ...202032119657
a novel poxvirus isolated from an egyptian fruit bat in israel.an egyptian fruit bat (rousettus aegyptiacus) from the zoological gardens, at tel aviv, israel, showed pox-like clinical signs including vesicular and nodular skin lesions on the wings. cell culture isolation, histopathology, electron microscopy and molecular analysis, revealed the presence of a novel bat poxvirus. future research is needed to determine whether this virus can affect human health.202032100464
spatial networks differ when food supply changes: foraging strategy of egyptian fruit bats.animals are faced with a range of ecological constraints that shape their behavioural decisions. habitat features that affect resource abundance will also have an impact, especially as regards spatial distribution, which will in turn affect associations between the animals. here we utilised a network approach, using spatial and genetic data, to describe patterns in use of space (foraging sites) by free-ranging egyptian fruit bats (rousettus aegyptiacus) at the dakhla oasis in egypt. we observed ...202032097434
six reference-quality genomes reveal evolution of bat adaptations.bats possess extraordinary adaptations, including flight, echolocation, extreme longevity and unique immunity. high-quality genomes are crucial for understanding the molecular basis and evolution of these traits. here we incorporated long-read sequencing and state-of-the-art scaffolding protocols1 to generate, to our knowledge, the first reference-quality genomes of six bat species (rhinolophus ferrumequinum, rousettus aegyptiacus, phyllostomus discolor, myotis myotis, pipistrellus kuhlii and mo ...202032699395
visual adaptability and retinal characterization of the egyptian fruit bat (rousettus aegyptiacus, pteropodidae): new insights into photoreceptors spatial distribution and melanosomal activity.our study was conducted to characterize the retinal structure of the egyptian fruit bat, rousettus aegyptiacus to determine the distribution of photoreceptors and melanosomal populations in various retinal zones. also, we paid attention to the specific structural and functional adaptations related to their nocturnal habits. we analyzed the retinae of 12 adult male egyptian fruit bats using morphometrical, histological, ultrastructural, and immunoblotting standard techniques. histological finding ...202032563026
isolation of angola-like marburg virus from egyptian rousette bats from west africa.marburg virus (marv) causes sporadic outbreaks of severe marburg virus disease (mvd). most mvd outbreaks originated in east africa and field studies in east africa, south africa, zambia, and gabon identified the egyptian rousette bat (erb; rousettus aegyptiacus) as a natural reservoir. however, the largest recorded mvd outbreak with the highest case-fatality ratio happened in 2005 in angola, where direct spillover from bats was not  shown. here, collaborative studies by the centers for disease c ...202031980636
anatomical features of the tongue of two chiropterans endemic in the egyptian fauna; the egyptian fruit bat (rousettus aegyptiacus) and insectivorous bat (pipistrellus kuhlii).the current study aimed to investigate the tongue (lingual) morphometry, histology, and histochemistry of two chiropterans endemic in the egyptian fauna, and having different feeding preferences. the tongues of nine adult individuals of each species were utilized in our investigation. the tongue of fruit-eating bat was observed relatively longer than the one of insect-eating bat. grossly, the insect-eating bat had a lingual prominence on the dorsum of lingual body, while the fruit-eating bat had ...202031955907
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 natural animal reservoirs and experimental models: systematic review.the current severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (sars-cov-2) outbreak has been rapidly spreading worldwide, causing serious global concern. the role that animal hosts play in disease transmission is still understudied and researchers wish to find suitable animal models for fundamental research and drug discovery. in this systematic review, we aimed to compile and discuss all articles that describe experimental or natural infections with sars-cov-2, from the initial discovery of the v ...202033206434
human-pathogenic kasokero virus in field-collected ticks.kasokero virus (kasv; genus orthonairovirus) was first isolated in 1977 at uganda virus research institute from serum collected from rousettus aegyptiacus bats captured at kasokero cave, uganda. during virus characterization studies at the institute, 4 laboratory-associated infections resulted in mild to severe disease. although orthonairoviruses are typically associated with vertebrate and tick hosts, a tick vector of kasv never has been reported. we tested 786 ornithodoros (reticulinasus) fain ...202033219649
computed tomography lung volume differs between vertical and inverted positioning for egyptian fruit bats (rousettus aegyptiacus).this prospective study characterizes the impact of positioning on the pulmonary volume and pulmonary atelectasis in egyptian fruit bats (rousettus aegyptiacus). the soft tissue appearance of atelectactic pulmonary parenchyma can obscure or mask pulmonary pathology. soft tissue within healthy lung parenchyma caused by atelectasis can efface the margins of pathology, such as pulmonary metastasis or pneumonia, due to overlapping attenuation profiles. pulmonary atelectasis is an unwanted side effect ...202031926521
detection of novel orthoreovirus genomes in shrew (crocidura hirta) and fruit bat (rousettus aegyptiacus).orthoreoviruses have been indentified in several mammals, however, there is no information about orthoreoviruses in shrews. in this study, we screened wild animals in zambia, including shrews, rodents, and bats for the detection of orthoreoviruses. two orthoreovirus rna genomes were detected from a shrew intestinal-contents (1/24) and a bat colon (1/96) sample by reverse-transcription (rt)-pcr targeting the rna-dependent rna polymerase gene of orthoreoviruses. phylogenetic analyses revealed that ...202031866632
genomic features of humoral immunity support tolerance model in egyptian rousette bats.bats asymptomatically harbor many viruses that can cause severe human diseases. the egyptian rousette bat (erb) is the only known reservoir for marburgviruses and sosuga virus, making it an exceptional animal model to study antiviral mechanisms in an asymptomatic host. with this goal in mind, we constructed and annotated the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus, finding an expansion on immunoglobulin variable genes associated with protective human antibodies to different viruses. we also annotated t ...202134010652
egyptian fruit bats (rousettus aegyptiacus) were resistant to experimental inoculation with avian-origin influenza a virus of subtype h9n2, but are susceptible to experimental infection with bat-borne h9n2 virus.influenza a viruses (iav) of subtype h9n2, endemic in world-wide poultry holdings, are reported to cause spill-over infections to pigs and humans and have also contributed substantially to recent reassortment-derived pre-pandemic zoonotic viruses of concern, such as the asian h7n9 viruses. recently, a h9n2 bat influenza a virus was found in egyptian fruit bats (rousettus aegyptiacus), raising the question of whether this bat species is a suitable host for iav. here, we studied the susceptibility ...202133919890
subgenomic flavivirus rna (sfrna) associated with asian lineage zika virus identified in three species of ugandan bats (family pteropodidae).serological cross-reactivity among flaviviruses makes determining the prior arbovirus exposure of animals challenging in areas where multiple flavivirus strains are circulating. we hypothesized that prior infection with zikv could be confirmed through the presence of subgenomic flavivirus rna (sfrna) of the 3' untranslated region (utr), which persists in tissues due to xrn-1 stalling during rna decay. we amplified zikv sfrna but not ns5 from three experimentally-infected jamaican fruit bats, sup ...202133863991
biological characteristics and permissiveness to viruses of diploid kidney cells strain from the bat nathusius' pipistrelle (pipistrellus nathusii keyserling & blasius, 1839; chiroptera: microchiroptera: vespertilionidae).bats are an epidemiologically important natural reservoir of viruses of various taxonomic groups, including causative agents of especially dangerous infections of humans and animals. considering the relevance of arbovirus infections, it seems advisable to study the spectrum of the sensitivity of cells derived from bats inhabiting and migrating on the territory of the russian federation to causative agents of vector-borne diseases of animals.the study aimed to obtain a diploid strain of cells fro ...202133683063
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