Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| [the effects of anterio-posterior and dorso-ventral inversions of the lateral mesoblast of the neurula on the formation of the mesonephric, medullary, and adrenal anlage of the common toad, bufo bufo l. (amphibia, anoura)]. | the experimental results of cranio-caudal reversal and dorso-ventral reversal of the lateral mesoblast of the toad early neurula prove that, at this stage, the cranio-caudal polarity of this tissue is fixed but not the dorso-ventral one. external factors are responsible for the formation of mesonephric, adrenal and gonadal medullary anlage by the lateral mesoblast. | 1975 | 813886 |
| [method of determining visual pigments in situ and their study in some vertebrates]. | a simple electrophysiological method for determining of visual pigments in isolated retina is described. the method is based on registration of the early receptor potential amplitude which is proportional to the visual pigment content and on measurement of the rate of the decrease of this amplitude under the action of the bleaching light of a known wavelength and intensity. the results of the determining of rod and cone visual pigments in the lamprey lampetra fluviatilis, teleosts diplodus annul ... | 1975 | 814749 |
| [a comparative electron microscopic study of the peripheral blood leukocytes of vertebrates]. | the ultrastructure of leukocytes of the peripheral blood was studied in representatives of classes of fishes (cyprinus carpio), amphibia (rana redibunda, bufo bufo), reptiles (testudo horshfield), birds (columba livia) and mammals (rattus norvegicus). the granules are characterized by homogeneous or heterogeneous matrix. the granules of special leukocytes (turtle) and pseudoesinophils (pigeon) have larger dimensions than those in neutrophils of other animals. the matrix of the eosinophil granule ... | 1975 | 818982 |
| [conseqquences of dorso-ventral and anterior-posterior reversion of early neurula lateral mesoblast on development of urogenital system in common toad, bufo bufo. (amphibia anura)]. | at early neurula stage of the toad, cranio-caudal and dorso-ventral reversal of lateral mesoblast is performed. the genito-urinary system is therefore missing after this intervention. the three following factors of the formation of this system anlage are anlyzed: lateral mesoderm competence, stimulative activites of dorso-caudal endoblast on the one hand, of chordo-mesoderm on the other hand. | 1975 | 819145 |
| factors controlling the annual ovarian cycle in the toad bufo bufo bufo (l.). | 1975 | 1132648 | |
| immunohistochemical localization and identification of the prolactin and growth hormone producing cells in the pituitary gland of the toad bufo bufo bufo (l). | 1976 | 819322 | |
| possible regulation on carbohydrate metabolism exerted by glucose-6-phosphate isomerase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity ratio during bufo bufo development. | 1976 | 820150 | |
| ovarian development in young toads, bufo bufo bufo (l.): effects of unilateral ovariectomy, hypophysectomy, treatment with gonadotropin (hcg), growth hormone, and prolactin, and importance of body growth. | 1976 | 821812 | |
| proceedings: the distribution of na, k and cl in bufo bufo oocytes measured by electron microprobe analysis. | 1976 | 822148 | |
| scanning electron microscopical studies of corrosion casts. the vascularization of the paraventricular organ (organon vasculosum hypothalami) of the toad bufo bufo (l.). | 1976 | 825792 | |
| dna reassociation kinetics in relation to genome size in four amphibian species. | dna reassociation kinetics were studied, by means of the hydroxyapatite chromatography method, for four species of amphibians with different nuclear dna content: xenopus laevis (3 pg dna per haploid genome) and bufo bufo (7 pg) of the anura subclass and triturus cristatus (23 pg) and necturus maculosus (52 pg) of the urodela subclass. within each subclass the two species studied were found to have about the same absolute amount of unique dna. the differences of total nuclear dna can be accounted ... | 1976 | 826380 |
| [constancy of color perception in the gray toad (bufo bufo l.): role of the surrounding background in recognition of stimulus color]. | the paper continues the previous study (1) on some aspects of toad colour vision. it deals with signs which allow the visual system of toad to recognize blue stimuli. the behavioural experiments were performed during the breeding season when males exhibited the clasping of stationary blue stimuli. it is shown that in spite of some variety of spectral compositions of light sources males clasp only blue stimuli on white surrounding background. under fixed illumination on white background males cla ... | 1976 | 827315 |
| the effect of external li on the distribution of na, k and cl in bufo bufo oocytes [proceedings]. | 1976 | 827610 | |
| specific activities of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate isomerase during bufo bufo development. | it has been suggested by some authors that during amphibian development, due to the higher glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.1.49) activity compared to that of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.1.43), 6-phosphogluconate could accumulate in the embryo tissues and regulate the channelling of glucose-6-phosphate into glycolysis. here, on the base of the specific activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (ec 5.3 ... | 1976 | 813778 |
| [parasitism of larvae of the fly, lucilia bufonivora, moniez, 1876, on anura]. | in 1951 to 1973 there were recorded cases of myiasis in four species of amphibia (pelobates fuscus, bufo bufo, b. viridis, rana arvalis) from the volga-kama state reserve (the tatar assr). in arid 1972 the number of rana arvalis with myiasis reached to 20-25%. observations were conducted on the development of lucilia bufonivora from the egg laying to the host death and hatching of imago. | 1976 | 134338 |
| [neuromuscular spindles of several amphibia and reptiles]. | the work presents data on the structure and innervation of the nerve-muscle spindles in the soleus of the lake from rana ridibunda, bufo bufo, turtle testudo horsfieldi, lizzard lacerta agilis. the animals under study were shown to have different structure and innervation of these receptors. the thickness of the spindle connective tissue capsule has certain correlation with the width of the subcapsular space. the innervation apparatus in the muscle spindles of reptiles and turtles are similar in ... | 1976 | 136238 |
| research on cholesterol, steroidal hormones and liposoluble vitamins by thin layer chromatography in some adipose organs of anuran amphibians. ii. liposoluble vitamins. | by means of thin layer chromatography and selective detection, vitamin a acetate, vitamin e and vitamin e acetate, vitamin d3 and cholesterol were identified in the prepericardic body, adrenal tissue, fat bodies and testis of bubo bufo, as well as in the prepericardic body of rana esculenta. on the contrary, liposoluble vitamins could not be isolated from the adipose tissue occurring in the thoracic cavity of rana esculenta, or in bufo bufo muscles. the results are discussed in correlation with ... | 1976 | 218524 |
| [comparison of the formation of the mesonephric, medullary, and adrenal blastema of common toad embryos, bufo bufo l., and the clawed toad, xenopus laevis duad. (anuran amphibians)]. | 1976 | 1022319 | |
| [the differentiation of the somites in embryos of two anuran amphibians: the common toad (bufo bufo l.) and the frog (rana dalmatina bon)]. | 1976 | 1022320 | |
| [studies on the parasites of korean amphibia: 1. trematodes of amphibians] | an investigation on the trematodes of korean amphibians was carried out during the period from april to september of 1976. a total of 883 amphibians of 6 species were examined. these frogs, toads and salamanders were collected in the areas of the han river side. and also these amphibians comprised 775 rana nigromaculata, 53 rana rugosa, 21 hyla arborea japonica, 2 bufo bufo gargarizans, 2 gallula tornieri and 30 hynobius leechi. out of the results of this work, 7 species of trematodes belonging ... | 1976 | 12913435 |
| alterations in the release calls of six european anura (amphibia) after partial or total extirpation of the vocal cords. | in the interior of the larynx of ranidae there are two sturdy vocal cords. the bufonidae have more delicate vocal cords, and in addition paired cushions of tissue anterior to the cords and paired folds posterior to the cords. in the three ranids rana esculenta, rana ridibunda and rana temporaria, partial or total extirpation of the vocal cords results in loss of voice or atypical release calls. in such remnants of calls as are retained, the frequency composition is little affected, whereas the i ... | 1976 | 24923743 |
| late hexokinase activity expression during bufo bufo development. | hexokinase activity was detected in cytosols and homogenates from different developmental stages of bufo bufo embryos starting from stage 17. free glucose was measured in the embryo cytosol and was detected at each stage tested. at stage 15, a large increase of glucose content of the embryo cytosol occurs. hexokinase expression in the embryo thus occurs after the increase of cytosol glucose content occurring at stage 15. the findings rule out that glucose by itself is the hexokinase inducer in v ... | 1977 | 402952 |
| vascularization of the pars distalis of the hypophysis in the toad, bufo bufo (l.) (amphibia, anura). a comparative light microscopical and scanning electron microscopical study. i. | the vascularization of the pars distalis of the hypophysis of the toad, bufo bufo (l.), was studied by the traditional method of injecting a mixture of india-ink and gelatine into the circulatory system of the head via the arteria coratis communis. further, methyl-methacrylate corrosion casts of the brains were made; the hypothalamo-adenohypophysial region of these corrosion casts was studied with the scanning electron microscope. the results showed that the portal vessels which arise from the m ... | 1977 | 404041 |
| vascularization of the pars intermedia of the hypophysis in the toad, , bufo bufo (l.) (amphibia, anura). a comparative light microscopical and scanning electron microscopical study. ii. | the vascularization of the pars intermedia of the hypophysis of the toad, bufo bufo (l.) was studied by injection of a mixture of india-ink and gelatine into the circulatory system of the head via the arteria carotis communis. further methyl-methacrylate corrosion casts of brains were made and the hypophysial region of the corrosion casts was examined with the scanning electron microscope. the results showed that the vascularization of the pars intermedia of the toad hypophysis consists of a sin ... | 1977 | 404042 |
| the vascularization of the neural stalk and the pars nervosa of the hypophysis in the toad, bufo bufo (l.) (amphibia, anura). a comparative light microscopical and scanning electron microscopical study. | the angioarchitecture of the neural stalk and the encephaloposthypophysial portal system of the hypophysis of the toad, bufo bufo (l.), was studied using three different methods. the neural stalk is mainly supplied by branches of the arteria infundibularis superficialis which form a widemeshed vascular network. dorsally this network continues into the plexus of the pars nervosa. the vascularization of the pars nervosa is made up of the encephalo-posthypophysial portal system. this portal system ... | 1977 | 407002 |
| length and interspersion of repetitive and non repetitive dna sequences in four amphibian species with different genome sizes. | the interspersion period of repetitive and unique sequences was analyzed by two different methods, electron microscopy and agarose gel electrophoresis, for four amphibian species with different nuclear dna content, namely the anura xenopus laevis (3 pg dna per haploid genome) and bufo bufo (7 pg) and the urodela triturus cristatus (23 pg) and necturus maculosus (52 pg). within each of the two subclasses it has been found that interspecific differences, in dna content, due to variations in the am ... | 1977 | 407058 |
| [effect of diet on the mitotic activity and rate of cytolysis of intestinal epithelial cells in tadpoles of the common toad, bufo bufo (amphibia, anura)]. | effects of diet on the mitotic activity and cellular mortality rate of the intestinal epithelium cells have been examined in toad tadpoles. as yolk is utilized, the composition of diet has little effect on these 2 parameters. as development goes on, the cellular mortality rate increases with dietary carbohydrate, fat or protein supplementation. but only the fats affect the mitotic activity. | 1977 | 410511 |
| [consequence of heterospecific cytoplasmic graft on gastrulation of bufo bufo l. (amphibia, anura)]. | bufo bufo nuclei were grafted in virgin and enucleated bufo calamita eggs. in these conditions embryonnic development was stopped at the early gastrula stage in 92% of the recipient eggs. for accomparative analysis bufo calamita cytoplasm was injected into fertilized bufo bufo eggs and produce arrest of development at the early gastrula stage. the progressive enhancement of this development inhibition was related to the increasing of the injected cytoplasm volume. | 1977 | 410516 |
| catecholamine-secreting cells in the adrenal gland of bufo bufo during metamorphosis and in the adult. | 1977 | 411709 | |
| histochemistry of the juxtaglomerular apparatus in the toad bufo bufo. the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity of the macula densa. | an investigation regarding the question of whether there exists a macula densa as part of the juxtaglomerular apparatus in the kidney of amphibians has been carried out. with the aid of a histochemical reaction for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, the presence of a macula densa zone as a specialized part of the distal tubule in the toad bufo bufo was demonstrated. the functional significance of the high glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in the macula densa cells is discussed. | 1977 | 412593 |
| a new cell type in the taste buds of anurans. a scanning and transmission electron microscopic study. | a hitherto undescribed cell type within the fungiform papillae of the tongue of the toad, bufo bufo (l.) and the taste-disks of the soft palate of bombina variegata l. was identified by means of scanning and transmission electron microscopy. this cell type is characterized by an apical protrusion carrying numerous microvilli. bundles of filaments are present in the cytoplasm of the protrusion. vesicles with electron lucent content and microtubules are present thoughout the cytoplasm of the cell. | 1977 | 922854 |
| blood-group a and g specific structures in toad (bufo) spawn. comparative studies on three species (bufo bufo, bufo viridis, bufo calamita). | permethylation analyses of the spawn material of three toad (bufo) species allow the conclusion that the serologically determinant group in bufo bufo spawn is identical with that found in human and hog blood-group a substances (i.e. galnac(alpha1,3) [fuc(alpha1,2)] gal -), and the serologically determinant group in bufo viridis and bufo calamita spawn is identical with that found in blood-group h substances (i.e. fuc(alpha1,2) gal -). | 1978 | 569402 |
| [phylogenetic studies on some japanese amphibia by means of immunoelectrophoresis. ii. relationships of some amphibians to japanese pond frogs (author's transl)]. | since the japanese pond frogs (rana nigromaculata and r. brevipoda) are known to be very closely allied with each other in morphological, ecological, physiological or immunological characters, the phylogenetical relationships between the japanese pond frogs and other 10 species of japanese amphibians were investigated by means of immunoelectrophoretic analysis of liver extract. the results obtained are as follows: (1) there are conservative antigens which are commonly found in all species of anu ... | 1978 | 631194 |
| effects of hypophysectomy on structure and function of testis in adult toads, bufo bufo bufo (l.). | 1978 | 631541 | |
| properties of a conductive cellular chloride pathway in the skin of the toad (bufo bufo). | two types of chloride current response to a step-wise hyperpolarization of the toad skin is demonstrated: (1) an "instantaneous" response observed immediately upon voltage change, and (2) a subsequent slow response, the time course of which is sigmoidal. the slow response is due to an increase of a transcellular conductance which is specific to chloride ions. the time constant of the conductance increase is dependent on the amplitude of the transepithelial voltage displacement, the smallest time ... | 1978 | 415515 |
| relation between chloride exchange diffusion and a conductive chloride pathway across the isolated skin of the toad (bufo bufo). | substitution of chloride in the outside bathing medium of the toad skin with bromide, iodide, nitrate and sulphate leads to a reduction in the apparent exchange diffusion of chloride across this tissue, and also to a reduction of the chloride current recorded during hyperpolarization. a series of inhibitors (thiocyanate, furosemide, phloretin, and acetazolamide) also affects chloride exchange diffusion, hyperpolarization current as well as chloride influx during hyperpolarization. although in so ... | 1978 | 415517 |
| [the development of urogenital organs after lateral mesoblast heterotopic graft in the toad (bufo bufo) neurula. i. distinct inversions of anteroposterior and dorsoventral axis of the lateral plate (author's transl)]. | anteroposterior inversion of lateral mesoblast of early toad neurula is followed by differentiation of diverse urogenital blastema, according to the transplant position before the graft. anteroposterior polarity of lateral mesoderm is thus perfectly determined in young neurula. on the contrary, dorsoventral inversion of lateral mesoblast leads to mesodermic blastema formation according to the transplant position after the graft. particularly, the dorsal region of the lateral plates displaced to ... | 1978 | 416162 |
| [the development of urogenital organs after lateral mesoblast heterotopic graft in the toad (bufo bufo) neurula. ii. simultaneous inversion of anteroposterior and dorsoventral axis of the lateral plate]. | simultaneous inversion of the anteroposterior and dorsoventral axes of the lateral mesoblast in the early toad neurula leads to the total agenesis of the urogenital organs. the experimental results show that the lateral mesoblast is unable to undergo self-differentiation, and that three factors at least are required for the formation of the urogenital blastemata. the mesoblast must be competent: only the posterior (dorsal, but also ventral) part of the lateral mesoderm is endowed with this compe ... | 1978 | 418132 |
| [myelinogenesis of the central nervous system of the larvae of bufo bufo]. | 1978 | 118714 | |
| [early organization of the dermatome and of the sclerotome in 2 anura amphibias rana dalmatina bon. and bufo bufo l]. | 1978 | 111809 | |
| [measurement of the variations of cytoplasmic and nuclear volumes of the absorbing cells of the digestive tube according to the nutritional conditions, in the larva of the common toad (bufo bufo l.)]. | 1978 | 98945 | |
| [analysis of the tissue interactions responsible for the mesonephogenic determination in amphibians, by the in vitro culture technic]. | the cultivation of mesonephric lateral mesoblast, in combination with the dorso-caudal endoblast, with or without cordomesoderm, leads to the differentiation of mesonephric tubules in bufo bufo and pleurodeles waltlii. then, the nephric duct does not seem to be necessary to nephric differentiation under in vitro cultivation conditions. | 1978 | 100240 |
| clustered and interspersed repetitive dna sequences in four amphibian species with different genome size. | we have compared the amount of clustered and interspersed repetitive sequences in the genome of four amphibia with different dna contents per haploid nucleus: two anura (xenopus laevis, 3 pg and bufo bufo, 7 pg) and two urodela (triturus cristatus, 23 pg and necturus maculosus, 52 pg). high molecular weight dna of the four species was denatured and reassociated to the same cot in order to obtain duplex sequences with a similar reiteration frequency. single-stranded dna was digested off with the ... | 1978 | 101246 |
| the distribution of sodium, potassium and chloride in the nucleus and cytoplasm of bufo bufo oocytes measured by electron microprobe analysis. | 1. measurements of cytoplasmic and nuclear na, k and cl have been made by electron microprobe analysis on freeze-dried sections of oocytes of bufo bufo, using standards of bovine plasma albumin and gamma-globulin. concentrations were obtained per kilogram of dry mass, were converted to concentrations per litre of water content using known figures for water and solid concentration of nucleus and cytoplasm, and were then compared with measurements on cells from the same animal obtained by flame ph ... | 1978 | 104029 |
| effects of human chorionic gonadotropin and salmon gonadotropin on testis in hypophysectomized toads (bufo bufo bufo l.). | 1978 | 105961 | |
| [vascularization of the hypothalamic-hypophyseal area of the toad bufo bufo (l.). light and scanning electron microscopy studies]. | 1978 | 106569 | |
| temperature dependence of visual fusion frequency in rana lessonae cam., bufo bufo l. and bombina bombina (l.) (amphibia). | the electroretinogram (erg) was used to measure the flicker-fusion frequencies of rana lessonae, bufo bufo and bombina bombina over the temperature range 5-25°c. in all three species the fusion frequency increased with increasing temperature. in the intermediate range of temperatures, the fusion frequencies of rana lessonae and bombina bombina doubled when the temperature was raised by 10°c. | 1978 | 24924820 |
| modification of prey-catching behavior by learning in the common toad (bufo b. bufo [l], anura, amphibia): changes in responses to visual objects and effects of auditory stimuli. | an attempt to train common toads (bufo b. bufo) to make the turning movements associated with prey-catching in response to a tone (1000 hz, 90 db) was unsuccessful. however, some toads learned to discriminate food that had been made unpalatable from palatable food of identical appearance, when the former was accompanied by the auditory stimulus. by making the prey unpalatable flight behavior could be induced in toads presented with a housefly (musca domestica). on the other hand, toads could be ... | 1978 | 24924651 |
| linnaeus' peloria: the history of a monster. | the so-called peloria case has been discussed repeatedly in world literature since the discovery of the five-spurred linaria in 1742 and its description by linnaeus in 1744. in 1742 a young uppsala botanist found a peculiar specimen of the common toad-flax (now named linaria vulgaris l.) on an island in the stockholm archipelago. the plant, which had spread vegetatively, possessed five spurs instead of one spur, a characteristic of the common toad-flax. the material was presented to linnaeus, wh ... | 1979 | 24310481 |
| correlation between behavioral and neuronal activities of toads bufo bufo (l.) in response to moving configurational prey stimuli. | common toads are able to distinguish prey objects from predators and behaviorally irrelevant stimuli by their shape and direction of motion. using computer programs for correlation analysis, the prey-catching activity in response to different moving configurational stimuli was compared with the activity of neurons recorded at different levels of the visual pathway. among retinal ganglion cells, the class r2 neurons were found to be most sensitive, to moving configurational stimuli. among neurons ... | 1979 | 24924977 |
| invariants in configurational prey selection by bufo bufo (l.). | toads (bufo bufo) are able to distinguish small stripes with axis orientation in the direction of motion (worm-like stripes) from those with axis orientation perpendicular to the direction of motion (anti-worm-like stripes). the configurational discrimination ability of the toad is, thus far investigated, largely invariant for (1) movement direction in the x-y plane, (2) direction of contrast--stripe against background--and (3) velocity of stripe motion. | 1979 | 106924 |
| effects of unilateral ovariectomy on growth of oocytes in the ovaries of adult toads (bufo bufo bufo l.). | 1979 | 110364 | |
| influence of thyroid hormone on the development of peoptic-hypothalamic monoaminergic neurons in tadpoles of bufo bufo japonicus. | the effect of thyroid hormone on the development of diencephalic monoaminergic neurons was studied in tadpoles of bufo bufo japonicus. monoamine-containing neurons in the preoptic recess organ (pro) appeared later than those in the paraventricular organ (pvo) and nucleus infundibularis dorsalis (nid). after deprivation of thyroidal primordium no fluorescent neurons developed in the pro. development of monoaminergic neurons in the pvo and nid was not affected by thyroidectomy. thyroxine treatment ... | 1979 | 113102 |
| configurational prey selection by bufo, alytes, bombina and hyla. | the aim of the present study is to answer the following questions; (1) is the ability of toads to distinguish between different configurational prey stimuli based on learning during ontogeny? (2) is the configurational meaning of a stimulus influenced by its distance from the animal? (3) are there differences in configurational prey selection among different anuran species? (1) experiments with postmetamorphic juveniles of alytes obstetricans indicate that preferences for worm-like objects can b ... | 1979 | 114268 |
| [analysis of the structural features of the sperm chromatin of amphibia]. | deoxyribonucleoproteid (dnp) organisation of the sperm from amphibian species (rana temporaria, triturus vulgaris, bufo bufo) with different sperm chromosomal basic proteins has been analysed by nuclease fragmentation. electrophoretic distribution of chromatin fragments reveals regular organisation of dnp in the sperm of the species investigated. in spermal dnp of the frog rana temporaria, 3 sub-fractions of histone h1 were found. in the sperm of the newt triturus vulgaris and the toad bufo bufo ... | 1979 | 116455 |
| [cholinergic and adrenergic innervation of the arteries of the base of the brain in certain lower vertebrates]. | the arteries in the encephalon base have been investigated by koelle's and falck's methods in teleostei (anarhichas lupus, eleginus navaga, leuciscus brandti, pelingas), amphibians (rana temporaria, rana semiplicata, bufo bufo) and in reptiles (testudo horsfieldi, trionyx chinensis). cholin- and adrenergic nerve fibres of the encephalic arteries have been revealed in all the vertebrates studied, but their concentration is far from being equal. in fishes and reptiles neural conductors from scarse ... | 1979 | 116627 |
| light and scanning microscopy of the tongue and its gustatory organs in the common toad, bufo bufo (l.). | unlike frogs and european tree frogs, the common toad bufo bufo possesses a tongue lacking filiform papillae on its dorsal surface. instead, the mucosal epithelium forms irregular, high folds, dividing the surface of the tongue into numerous separate compartments. at the bottom of those compartments occur openings of tubular glands and singular ciliated cells. in a strongly distended tongue the folds of mucosa disappear, and the regions of glandular orifices assume a shape of pocket-like recesse ... | 1979 | 117649 |
| [ultrastructural aspects of the organization of somites and the early differentiation of myotomes in the embryo of the common toad bufo bufo l]. | 1979 | 121682 | |
| rejection of skin allografts in the common toad, bufo bufo l. | 1979 | 121972 | |
| [arterial monoaminocytes of the base of the brain in vertebrates]. | by falck's method monoaminocytes of the arteries in the encephalon base were studied in teleostei (anarhichas lupus, eleginus navaga, leuciscus brandti liza soiuy in amphibians (rana temporaria, rana semiplicata, bufo bufo), in reptiles (testudo horsfiedli, trionyx chinensis) and in birds (blue rock pigeon, hen). specific and individual peculiarities in chromaffinocyte, labrocyte and melanophore distribution were revealed in the vertebrate cranial arteries. in all the animals studied chromaffin ... | 1979 | 518336 |
| [organization and differentiation of the segmentary plate in common toad embryo bufo bufo l., following heat shock (author's transl)]. | a heat shock greatly disturbs the shaping and the growth of embryos with 4 or 5 somites. one part of a segmentary plate with a size including four control somites stays inorganized, whereas posterior segmentation gets on normally. the differentiation of the unsegmented somitic block (fusing myoblasts, myogenesis) is the same as the one of the previous somites; the dermatome and the sclerotome issued from the unsegmented block are not cut up. ultrastructural observations of treated segmentary pla ... | 1979 | 554542 |
| protein content of ribosome subunits during bufo bufo development. | 1979 | 574348 | |
| effects of ergocornine and reserpine on metamorphosis in bufo bufo japonicus tadpoles. | effects of ergocornine and reserpine on tail resorption during metamorphosis in bufo bufo japonicus tadpoles were studied. at prometamorphosis, ergocornine induced precocious tail resorption, while reserpine scarcely affected the tail size. at the climax of metamorphosis, ergocornine was almost ineffective in accelerating tail resorption, while reserpine was effective in inhibiting tail resorption. since prolactin-like hormone is known to block the tail resorption induced by thyroid hormones, it ... | 1979 | 583463 |
| repetitive dna and feulgen hydrolysis kinetics in three species of bufo. | two north american species of the genus bufo (bufo cognatus and bufo boreas, 2n = 22) and one african species (bufo regularis, 2n = 20) were analyzed with respect to their repetitive dna fractions and the behaviour of their chromatin to the acid hydrolysis at different times. the mean melting point of the total isolated dna decreased from 89 degrees c to 87 degrees c with a genome size increase from 4.4 to 7.5 pg. the differences in genome size can only partly be explained on the basis of repeti ... | 1979 | 93962 |
| synthetic activity in cell-free systems of ribosomes subunits isolated from bufo bufo unfertilized eggs. | 1980 | 6787689 | |
| the sarcomere length--isometric tension diagram of the toad bufo bufo sartorius. | the sarcomere length--isometric tension diagram has been determined for the toad bufo bufo sartorius using a laser diffraction technique to measure the sarcomere width. the sarcomere width at l0 was found to be 2.37 micron. at length shorter than l0 this whole muscle exhibits a steeper decline in tension than single fibres. this discrepancy in the shape of the tension-length diagram between single frog fibres and whole toad sartorii may be due to a difference in the magnitude of the internal for ... | 1980 | 6770986 |
| the role of eye accommodation in the depth perception of common toads. | distance estimation in prey catching was as exact in monocular toads (bufo bufo (l.)) as in binocular ones. application of atropine or miotic had no significant effect on binocular animals, whereas in monocular toads it made accurate distance estimation impossible. the accommodative state of the eye is decisive for depth estimation of monocular, but not of binocular toads. | 1980 | 6778008 |
| [further observations on central nervous system myelination in bufo bufo]. | 1980 | 6781429 | |
| effects of changing external potassium and chloride concentrations on the photoresponses of bufo bufo rods. | 1. intracellular responses to light were recorded from bufo bufo rods in different ionic media. 2. the exposure of the retina to high external [k+] depolarized the rod and modified the time course of the photoresponse. the prominent initial transient of rod responses to bright flashes was drastically reduced in 5 mm-external [k+] and completely disappeared in 26 mm. in high external [k+] the kinetics of responses to dim flashes were considerably slower than in control conditions. 3. when externa ... | 1980 | 6782240 |
| some ultrastructural aspects of bufo bufo hepatic cells during development and metamorphosis. | 1980 | 6784689 | |
| [quantitative observations on the development of the genital bodies in bufo bufo (l.)]. | 1980 | 6794469 | |
| evaluation of the functional activity of uncomplexed monomers from bufo bufo unfertilized eggs. | 1980 | 6798805 | |
| regulation of glutamate oxidation in mitochondria of bufo bufo blastulae. i. mitochondria isolated by sucrose density gradient. | 1980 | 6800176 | |
| feeding experiments in the toad bufo bufo bufo (l.): effects of extirpation of pars distalis of the pituitary gland on feeding behavior. | 1980 | 6245014 | |
| mortality in a population of bufo bufo resulting from the fly lucilia bufonivora. | in the summers of 1972 and 1973, in an area of inland dunes in the netherlands, and estimation was made of the percentage of amphibians that was killed by infections caused by lucilia bufonivora. it appeared that only bufo bufo was preyed on. in the two years of the investigation an average of 8% of the toads found was infected. the flies selected their prey according to their size. predation took place in every habitat of the study area. | 1980 | 28309542 |
| the sodium current underlying the responses of toad rods to light. | 1. intracellular responses were recorded from single rods in the retina of the toads bufo bufo and bufo marinus during exposure to solutions in which sodium was replaced by equimolar amounts of choline. 2. upon moderate reduction (80 and 50 mm) of the external sodium the size of responses to bright flashes decreased as a consequence of both an increase in the resting potential and a decrease of the membrane potential at the peak, while the level of the plateau remained fairly constant. 3. upon r ... | 1981 | 6273546 |
| active urea transport through isolated skins of frog and toad. | urea influxes (ji) and effluxes (je) were studied across the isolated skins of rana esculenta, bufo bufo, and b. viridis. two symmetrical pieces of the same skin, bathed in ringer + 2 mm urea, were used for the two fluxes. in r. esculenta the urea fluxes are passive when the animals are kept in running water but become active after dehydration in air or preadaptation in saline solutions. the ratio ji/je can vary between 3 and 27 and the ji between 2 and 22 nmol . h-1 . cm-2 according to preadapt ... | 1981 | 6169283 |
| the amphibian epidermis: distribution of mitochondria-rich cells and the effect of oxytocin. | it is known that the ion-transporting capacity and the permeability to water of amphibian skins vary greatly both between and within species. furthermore, the extent to which different skins respond to hormonal stimulation of these parameters also shows considerable inter- and intra-specific variation. as a first step towards defining a possible morphological basis for this physiological heterogeneity, we examined different regions of skins from 3 anurans, bufo bufo, rana ridibunda and xenopus l ... | 1981 | 6801063 |
| comparative acid phosphatase distribution in the suprarenal gland of discoglossus pictus, xenopus laevis and bufo bufo (anurans, amphibia). | acid phosphatase activity was found to have a similar distribution in the suprarenal glands of discoglossus pictus, xenopus laevis and bufo bufo (anurans, amphibia) as determined by light and electron histochemical localization. the enzymatic activity is localized in the lysosomes of both the interrenal cells and the chromaffin cells. it is, moreover, positive on the granule membranes of the adrenaline cells whereas it appears only occasionally on the granule membranes of the noradrenaline cells ... | 1981 | 6802124 |
| isometric contractile properties and instantaneous stiffness of amphibian skeletal muscle in the temperature range from 0 to 20 degrees c. | the isometric contractile properties of frog (rana pipiens) and toad (bufo bufo) sartorii have been studied over the temperature range from 0 to 20 degrees c. the isometric twitch tension was found to vary considerably between these two species and between muscles in the same species. between 0 and 4 degrees c there was very little change in maximum isometric twitch tension. between 4 and 12 degrees c several muscles from frog or toad showed a potentiation of twitch tension whereas others showed ... | 1981 | 6794890 |
| h-y antigen as a tool for the determination of the heterogametic sex in amphibia. | h-y antigen was investigated in three amphibian species with different degrees of sex-chromosome differentiation: bufo bufo, triturus vulgaris, and pyxicephalus adspersus. no heteromorphic sex chromosomes were found in b. bufo, but an examination of the progeny of hermaphrodites (ponse, 1942) indicated that the female of this species was heterogametic (zw). sex chromosomes differing only by a very small heterochromatic region at their telomeres were found in the male of t. vulgaris (xy). pyxicep ... | 1981 | 6794989 |
| some properties of bufo bufo tyrosinase during development. | tyrosinase expression during bufo bufo development has been investigated. until stage 19, only 1 electrophoretic band is detectable, but at a later stage (25) 3 bands appear. the km for l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-dopa) was also determined. | 1981 | 6795053 |
| vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (vip)-like immunoreactivity in anuran intestine. | immunocytochemical and radioimmunological techniques with region specific antisera have been used to identify a vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-like material in the anuran intestine. seven species of anura were investigated: bombina bombina, alytes obstetricans, rana temporaria, rana esculenta, hyla arborea, hyla crepitans and bufo bufo. in five of the species (a. obstetricans, r. temporaria, h. arborea, h. crepitans and b. bufo) vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-like immunoreactive mucosal en ... | 1981 | 6784927 |
| nonspecific acid-esterase activity in lymphoid cells of bufo bufo. | 1981 | 6788592 | |
| [blood elements in bufo bufo during embryonic development, larval development and metamorphosis: observations by scanning electron microscopy]. | 1981 | 6793047 | |
| a comparative study of auditory sensitivity in the genus bufo (amphibia). | multi-unit response from the torus semicircularis were recorded to obtain neural audiograms for five different species, subspecies and races of the genus bufo:bufo b.bufo, bufo b. spinosus, two races of bufo viridis, and bufo americanus. all of the audiograms were clearly bimodal, with a low frequency peak and a high frequency peak. a less pronounced but distinguishable intermediate peak seems to be an indication of trimodality. in the low-frequency range, the audiograms of the five groups diffe ... | 1981 | 24925813 |
| response characteristics and stratification of tectal neurons in the toad bufo bufo (l.). | in the optic tectum of bufo bufo the activity of single neurons was recorded during the presentation of moving visual stimuli. the location of the recorded cells was marked iontophoretically by means of alcian blue dye. a total of 132 cells were studied, most of which showed clear differences within their responses to a square and to rectangles oriented either horizontally or vertically. the cells were found primarily within the tectum layers 8 and 6. the majority of them preferred the square to ... | 1982 | 6802665 |
| development of harderian gland during metamorphosis in anurans. | development of harderian gland of larvae of rana japonica, bufo bufo japonicus, and xenopus laevis was studied. in the adult animals, well-developed harderian glands were invariably present in the orbit. in rana and bufo, the gland first appeared at late prometamorphic stage and in xenopus it appeared around climax stage. in thyroidectomized tadpoles of bufo and rana, the harderian gland was induced by thyroxine. in hypophysectomized tadpoles of bufo the gland developed when they were treated wi ... | 1982 | 6803615 |
| growth, differentiation, and function of the testes in the toad bufo bufo bufo (l.), with special reference to regulatory capacities: effects of unilateral castration, hypophysectomy, and excision of bidder's organs. | function and compensatory growth of the testis have been studied in male toads of varying ages, ranging from postmetamorphosis to adults. all experiments lasted 2 months, starting about september 1. spermatogenesis was normal in sexually immature, 1-year-old toads. the fastest growing young toads developed secondary sex characteristics, the thumbpads, during the experiment. the data suggest that size is more influential than age in determining the onset of sexual maturation. but body size is not ... | 1982 | 6808079 |
| changes in intracellular location of dna polymerase-alpha during oocyte maturation of the toad, bufo bufo japonicus. | 1982 | 6810886 | |
| an autoradiographic study of cell kinetics in epidermis of the toad bufo bufo bufo (l). | under normal conditions, the toad bufo bufo bufo molts about once a week. it was considered of interest to study whether the rhythmic pattern of cell loss through shedding of a stratum corneum is correlated with a rhythmic production of cells in stratum germinativum. an autoradiographic investigation of cell kinetics in toad skin using [3h]-thymidine and [14c]-thymidine as precursors revealed that cell production in stratum germinativum is a continuous process, and the cell production rate is mu ... | 1982 | 6813382 |
| the distribution of sodium and potassium in toad (bufo bufo) oocytes estimated by a stereological method. | as the toad oocyte grows, the intracellular na concentration rises and the k concentration falls. by stereological analysis using a point counting method in a projection apparatus, it is shown that as the oocyte grows the volume density of the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria falls, while that of the yolk platelets and cytoplasmic vesicles rises. a multiple regression analysis applied to the sodium and potassium concentrations and to the volume densities of the subcellular compone ... | 1982 | 6815330 |
| quantitative histochemical studies of the effect of levamisole on splenic t-cells in thymectomized bufo bufo larvae. | the ability of levamisole (lvs) to correct the effect of thymectomy on splenic t-cell population in bufo bufo larvae was tested. using the nonspecific acid alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (anae) technique, the t-lymphocytes displayed a characteristic reddish brown spot (t-pattern). the total number of white cells per spleen and the number of t-pattern cells per 100 splenic white cells were determined. in addition, differential counts of the t-patterns were made on the basis of the size of their ... | 1982 | 6817920 |
| a study on melanogenesis and catecholamine biosynthesis during bufo bufo development. | tyrosinase and l-dopa decarboxylase activities have been investigated during bufo bufo development since catecholamines and melanin are formed from common substrates in homologous cells. catecholamines first appear at stage 13 (neural plate), but tyrosinase, at a very low level, and l-dopa decarboxylase are present throughout all of prior development. hence, l-dopa decarboxylase activity is not likely to be correlated with the control of catecholamine synthesis, although at stage 17 it is mainly ... | 1982 | 6818321 |
| factors controlling the ovarian cycle in a temperate zone anuran, the toad bufo bufo: food uptake, nutritional state, and gonadotropin. | the relations between nutritional state and vitellogenic growth of oocytes were studied in 87 sexually mature female toads bufo bufo during the postbreeding season before initiation of the next annual ovarian cycle. recruitment of small oocytes to vitellogenic growth was correlated with resumption of food uptake and the restoration of a positive energy balance in the toads that had become depleted of energy reserves during hibernation and breeding. treatment with exogenous gonadotropin (hcg) imm ... | 1982 | 6818324 |
| nucleus isthmus of toad is secondary visual center. | visual responses of 148 units have been recorded with micropipettes from the left nucleus isthmus areas of toads (bufo bufo gargarizans), their auditory and tactile responses also examined, and 122 recording sites marked with cobalt sulphide. this study indicates that: (i) 118 units responding solely to visual stimuli are found within the nucleus, and 4 multisensory units outside, (ii) there exist a visual field map and binocular units in the nucleus, and (iii) response latencies of the isthmic ... | 1982 | 6820188 |
| quantitative analysis of larvae myelogenesis in medulla oblongata of bufo bufo. | 1982 | 6820376 | |
| ribosome-associated elongation factor 2 during embryonic development of bufo bufo. | 1982 | 6821014 | |
| [the vascular bed of the brain and the hypophysis in the atlantic hagfish, myxine glutinosa l. [cyclostomata, myxinoidea] and the toad, bufo bufo [l.] [amphibia, anura] (author's transl)]. | 1982 | 7070675 | |
| [the morphology of amphibian skins: comparison between some species in different natural habitats]. | a comparison in the morphology of the skin in different species of amphibians has been performed in this note. species examined had different natural habitat: some of them were closely dependent on a watery environment (proteus anguinus, triturus cristatus, rana esculenta and r. graeca), whereas others were more or less adapted to life on land (rana dalmatina, salamandra salamandra, bufo bufo, b. viridis and hyla arborea). structural patterns of both epidermis and derm varied from species to spe ... | 1982 | 7115576 |