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biosynthesis of riboflavin. enzymatic formation of the xylene moiety from [14c]ribulose 5-phosphate.we have studied the enzymatic formation of the xylene ring of riboflavin using cell extracts from the flavinogenic yeast candida guilliermondii. 5-amino-6-ribitylamino-2,4(1h,3h)-pyrimidinedione or its 5'-phosphate could serve as substrates. in addition, a pentose phosphate or pentulose phosphate was required. experiments with [14c]ribulose 5-phosphate gave evidence for the incorporation of the ribulose carbon atoms except c-4 into the xylene ring of the vitamin.19846546684
defective phagocytosis in insulin controlled diabetics: evidence for a reaction between glucose and opsonising proteins.neutrophils from diabetic patients controlled with insulin showed impaired phagocytosis of a yeast, candida guilliermondii. the defect was detected by measuring the initial rate of phagocytosis at optimal concentrations of phagocytes and organisms in autologous plasma. by mixing normal neutrophils in diabetic plasma and vice versa both cellular and plasma abnormalities were shown. the defect was reproduced by incubating normal plasma at a d-glucose concentration of 15 mmol/l for 3 h or for short ...19846747013
fatal disseminated candidiasis due to amphotericin-b-resistant candida guilliermondii. 19853966747
imidazoles, ketoconazole, amphotericin b, and candida guilliermondii. 19853994204
association of anurans with pathogenic fungi.in a study of 450 amazonian anurans, we isolated yeasts and yeast-like fungi from 54 animals (bufo granulosus, b. marinus, dendrophrynyscus sp., hyla geographica, h. lanciformes, ololygon rubra, adenomera hylaedactyla, eleutherodactylus fenestratus, leptodactylus fuscus, l. ocellatus, l. pentadactylus). the internal organs of these animals did not show any macroscopic anomaly nor histopathology. we recovered 105 fungal isolates from the anuran liver, lung, kidney, spleen, heart and gonad. the is ...19854069190
biosynthesis of riboflavin. an aliphatic intermediate in the formation of 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine from pentose phosphate.6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine synthase deficient mutants of candida guilliermondii were divided into two groups on the basis of in vitro complementation. mutants of complementation group i produce an intermediate x from ribose 5-phosphate in a reaction requiring mg++ ions. compound x was partially purified and was shown to be a phosphoric acid ester. 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine can be formed from compound x by cell extracts from mutants of complementation group ii. the reaction requires 5-am ...19853838473
[genetic control of riboflavin biosynthesis in pichia guilliermondii yeasts. the detection of a new regulator gene rib81].the properties of mutants resistant to 7-methyl-8-trifluoromethyl-10-(1'-d-ribityl)-isoalloxazine (mtry) were studied. the mutants were isolated from a genetic line of pichia guilliermondii. several of them were riboflavin overproducers and had derepressed flavinogenesis enzymes (gtp cyclohydrolase, 6.7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine synthase) in iron-rich medium. an additional derepression of these enzymes as well as derepression of riboflavin synthase occurred in iron-deficient medium. the charact ...19853838729
evaluation of the new mycotube test-kit for yeast identification.the performance of a modified mycotube test for the identification of yeasts was evaluated using standard biochemical tests as reference. one hundred and eighty strains belonging to 12 medically important species (15 strains each) were tested. the overall rate of identification was 72%, and rose to 87.8% when macroscopic and microscopic morphologic features were also considered; a 100% rate was obtained with candida albicans, candida krusei, candida parapsilosis, candida pseudotropicalis, candid ...19853886377
transformation of candida maltosa and pichia guilliermondii by a plasmid containing saccharomyces cerevisiae arg4 dna.saccharomyces cerevisiae, candida maltosa and pichia guilliermondii have been transformed by the plasmid pye(arg4)411, which contains the s. cerevisiae arg4 gene inserted into pbr322. in all transformants argininosuccinate lyase as well as beta-lactamase were detected. the arg+ phenotype of transformants is mitotically unstable. closed circular pye(arg4)411 dna was detected in transformant dna preparations by hybridization to pbr322 dna and by transformation of e. coli to ampicillin resistance.19853916721
[joint cultivation of streptococcus lactis, lmu strain, and various species of yeasts].when s. lactis, strain lmu and yeast were plated out simultaneously on media containing different amounts of amine nitrogen and vitamins, the yeast did not stimulate the synthesis of nisin. plating out of s. lactis on media with grown cultures of the rostov baker's yeast, american baker's yeast, candida guilliermondii, candida clausenii, fabospora fragilis, fabospora macedoniensis, octosporomyces octosporus, saccharomyces cerevisiae, races "ya" and "m" and saccharomyces globosus resulted in inhi ...19853923918
biosynthesis of riboflavin. enzymatic formation of 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine from pentose phosphates.the xylene ring of riboflavin originates by dismutation of the precursor, 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine. the formation of the latter compound requires a 4-carbon unit as the precursor of carbon atoms 6 alpha, 6, 7, and 7 alpha of the pyrazine ring. the formation of riboflavin from gtp and ribose phosphate by cell extract from candida guilliermondii has been observed by logvinenko et al. (logvinenko, e. m., shavlovsky, g. m., zakal'sky, a. e., and zakhodylo, i. v. (1982) biokhimiya 47, 931-936). ...19863949782
inter- and intra-species crosses between candida albicans and candida guilliermondii.hybridization was shown to occur both between strains of the imperfect diploid yeast candida albicans and between c. albicans and the distantly related haploid yeast candida (pichia) guilliermondii. prototrophic hybrids were selected from crosses of multiply marked auxotrophic mutants of the two species. in most cases, mild ultraviolet irradiation of the c. albicans partner was required. examination of auxotrophic markers in segregants from the hybrids indicated that recombination, rather than h ...19863334695
[sorption of microorganisms by fiber materials].candida guilliermondii and escherichia coli cells were adsorbed on glass and basalt fibres with a similar specific surface, but with a different charge. the quantity of adsorbed microorganisms did not depend on the type and charge of a fibre surface. however, cells were adsorbed faster and more firmly on positively charged and uncharged fibres than on negatively charged fibres.19863534527
[transformation of hansenula polymorpha, pichia guilliermondii, williopsis saturnus yeasts by a plasmid carrying the ade2 gene of saccharomyces cerevisiae].red adenine-dependent mutants of hansenula polymorpha, pichia guilliermondii, williopsis saturnus yeasts have been transformed by the plasmid pye (ade2) 2 dna containing ade2 gene from saccharomyces cerevisiae. the analysis of two p. guilliermondii ade+-transformants has revealed the integration of pye (ade2)2 sequence into the recipient strain genome and partial restoration of the deficient function.19863543662
4-aminobutyrate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase from candida. purification and properties.an enzyme which catalyzes the transamination of 4-aminobutyrate with 2-oxoglutarate was purified 588-fold to homogeneity from candida guilliermondii var. membranaefaciens, grown with 4-aminobutyrate as sole source of nitrogen. an apparent relative molecular mass of 107,000 was estimated by gel filtration. the enzyme was found to be a dimer made up of two subunits identical in molecular mass (mr 55,000). the enzyme has a maximum activity in the ph range 7.8-8.0 and a temperature optimum of 45 deg ...19863699025
a method for measuring rate of neutrophil phagocytosis of staphylococcus epidermidis or candida guilliermondii using uptake of tritiated uridine.a method is described for measuring the rate of neutrophil phagocytosis, together with the total and intracellular kill at 20 min of 2 different organisms. the technique is sensitive over the early stages of phagocytosis as it distinguishes between adherent and engulfed organisms and is totally objective. it therefore allows detection of defects in phagocytosis which are missed if only the end point is assessed. both total and intracellular killing are measured under the same conditions as those ...19863772117
[study of the resistance of candida guilliermondii to polyene antibiotics].250 candida guilliermondii strains resistant to the polyene antibiotics nystatin, levorin and amphotericin b were obtained using uv irradiation. when the mutant strains became resistant to one of the polyene antibiotics, their resistance to the other ones changed. phenotypic analysis showed that the resistance of the strains to polyene antibiotics did not make them susceptible to a rise in osmotic pressure and to a change of the temperature of incubation. some of the polyene-resistant strains we ...19863773794
candida delta-aminovalerate: alpha-ketoglutarate aminotransferase: purification and enzymologic properties.a new enzyme that catalyzes the transamination of delta-aminovalerate with alpha-ketoglutarate was purified to homogeneity from adapted cells of candida guilliermondii var. membranaefaciens. the relative molecular mass determined by gel filtration was estimated to be close to 118,000. the transaminase behaved as a dimer with two similar subunits in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the enzyme has a maximum activity in the ph range of 7.8-8.5 and at 40 degrees c. alpha-ke ...19863778871
[the nature of the pyrimidine substrate of 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine synthase participating in riboflavin biosynthesis in yeasts].2,4-dihydroxy-5-amino-6-ribitylaminopyrimidine and 2,4-dihydroxy-5-amino-6-ribitylaminopyrimidine-5'-phosphate are studied for their effect on the activity of 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine synthase of pichia guilliermondii yeasts. it is shown that when nonphosphorylated form of pyrimidine and ribose-5-phosphate (donor c-4--a fragment) is used as a substrate, the specific activity of 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine synthase is high and be2+ and f- ions, inhibitors of alkaline phosphatases, do not ...19873810894
[effect of 2-amino-2-thiazoline on the level of lipid peroxidation products in different yeast species].the influence of 2-amino-2-thiazoline on lipid peroxidation in yeasts saccharomyces cerevisiae and pichia guilliermondii has been studied in vivo and in vitro. in the case the radioresistance of diploid yeasts-saccharomycetes is changed the radioprotector can produce a direct effect on lipid peroxidation. different radioprotective efficiency of the preparation with regard to different strains of one and the same yeast culture is explained by its different influence on the content of endogenous r ...19873554317
candida l-norleucine,leucine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase. purification and properties.a new enzyme which catalyzes the transamination of l-norleucine (2-aminohexanoic acid) and l-leucine with 2-oxoglutarate was purified to homogeneity from cells of candida guilliermondii var. membranaefaciens. the relative molecular mass determined by gel filtration was estimated to be close to 100,000. the transaminase behaved as a dimer which consists of two subunits identical in molecular mass (mr 51,000). the enzyme has a maximum activity in the ph range of 8.0-8.5 and at 55 degrees c. 2-oxog ...19873622507
effect of dialysate fluids on phagocytosis and killing by normal neutrophils.inadequate host defenses may partly explain the problem of recurrent peritonitis in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. it has been suggested that these defenses may be adversely affected by the fluids used for dialysis, and so we examined the effects of unused, effluent, and infected peritoneal dialysis fluids on phagocytosis and killing by normal neutrophils. we used a clinical isolate of staphylococcus epidermidis as the test organism, as this organism is the most commonly ...19873624441
[biochemical functions of rib5 and rib6 gene products participating in riboflavin biosynthesis in the yeast pichia guilliermondii].the biosynthesis of riboflavin precursor 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine was studied in extracts of pichia guilliermondii yeast mutants of rib5 and rib6 genotypes with impaired synthesis of proteins p1 and p2, respectively. it was shown that synthesis of 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine took place in extracts of rib5 mutant (active p1 protein) in the presence of 2,4-dihydroxy-5-amino-6-ribitylaminopyrimidine and the compound formed from ribose-5-phosphate by extracts of rib6 mutant (active p2 prote ...19873692155
molecular probe for identification of medically important candida species and torulopsis glabrata.a cloned dna fragment from candida albicans containing the gene for the protein actin was used to probe the molecular structure of the actin gene of several medically important yeasts (c. albicans, candida stellatoidea, candida tropicalis, candida pseudotropicalis, candida krusei, candida parapsilosis, candida guilliermondii, and torulopsis glabrata). whole-cell dna from each species was digested with restriction endonucleases, electrophoresed on agarose gels, and transferred to nitrocellulose. ...19873033014
skin rash associated with candida guilliermondii.we report a case in which the development of a skin rash in a neutropenic patient was associated with multiple blood culture isolates of candida guilliermondii--an unusual isolate not previously documented to cause rashes.19883166510
neutrophil function in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.frequent and recurrent episodes of peritonitis are a major cause of morbidity in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (capd). one factor contributing to this problem may be an abnormality of neutrophil function in these patients. we have therefore quantified phagocytosis and killing by circulating and peritoneal neutrophils from patients on capd with and without peritonitis. circulating neutrophils from uninfected patients showed reduced phagocytosis of both staphylococcus epide ...19883355789
effect of feverfew on phagocytosis and killing of candida guilliermondii by neutrophils.the in vitro effect of the herbal remedy feverfew on neutrophil function was examined. it was shown that addition of feverfew extract inhibited phagocytosis of candida guilliermondii and its overall killing. however, intracellular killing was not affected, suggesting that the apparent defect in total killing merely reflected the failure of uptake. the implications for the in vivo effects of feverfew are discussed.19883366482
regulation of metabolic branch points of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis in pichia guilliermondii.the regulatory properties of the enzymes involved in the aromatic amino acid biosynthesis of pichia guilliermondii were investigated and compared with the regulatory pattern found in other yeast species. 3-deoxy-d-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphate (dahp) synthase, anthranilate synthase, chorismate mutase and prephenate dehydrogenase are key regulatory enzymes in p. guilliermondii. two distinctly regulated isozymes of dahp synthase, the initial pathway enzyme, which is inhibited by tyrosine or ph ...19882907046
isolation of plasmid-harboring serratia plymuthica from facultative gut microflora of the tobacco hornworm, manduca sexta.aseptic isolation of the facultative gut microflora of the tobacco hornworm, manduca sexta, yielded four microorganisms. two were gram-positive bacillus spp., one was serratia plymuthica, and another was the yeast candida guilliermondii. the three bacterial species were screened for extrachromosomal dna, and s. plymuthica was found to have a 6.4-kilobase plasmid, which was designated pcp-1.198816347696
lysine degradation in candida. characterization and probable role of l-norleucine-leucine, 4-aminobutyrate and delta-aminovalerate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferases.three enzymes partially purified that catalyze respectively the transamination of l-norleucine, 4-aminobutyrate and delta-aminovalerate with alpha-ketoglutarate as aminoacceptor were characterized and isolated from l-lysine adapted cell of candida guilliermondii var. membranaefaciens. the transaminases have a maximum activity in the ph range of 7.8-8.5 and at 55 degrees c, 45 degrees c and 40 degrees c respectively. alpha-ketoglutarate and to a lesser extent pyridoxal-5'-phosphate were effective ...19892503054
[properties of 2,5-diamino-4-oxy-6-ribosylaminopyrimidine-5'- phosphate reductase, a enzyme of the second stage of flavinogenesis in pichia guilliermondii yeasts].2,5-diamino-4-oxy-6-ribosylaminopyrimidine-5'-phosphate reductase has been isolated from cells of pichia guilliermondii and subjected to 20-fold purification by treating extracts with streptomycin sulphate, frationating proteins (nh4)2so4 at 45-75% of saturation and chromatography on blue sepharose cl-6b. the use of gel filtration through sephadex g-150 and chromatography on deae-cellulose proved to be less effective for the enzyme purification. it has been established that it is 2,5-diamino-4-o ...19892511652
regulation of the lysine biosynthesis in pichia guilliermondii.the regulatory properties of four enzymes (homocitrate synthase, alpha-aminoadipate reductase, saccharopine reductase, saccharopine dehydrogenase) involved in the lysine biosynthesis of pichia guilliermondii were investigated and compared with the regulatory patterns found in other yeast species. the first enzyme of the pathway, homocitrate synthase, is feedback-inhibited by l-lysine. some other amino acids (alpha-aminoadipate, glutamate, tryptophan, leucine) and lysine analogues are also inhibi ...19892515798
[preparation and properties of immobilized riboflavin kinase from pichia guilliermondii].riboflavin kinase (atp: riboflavin-5'-phosphotransferase, ec 2.7.1.26) from n-alkane utilizing pichia guilliermondii yeast has been immobilized by covalent attachment to cnbr-activated agarose beads. the enzyme activity yield during immobilization reached 71.6%. immobilized riboflavin kinase showed no significant changes in temperature and ph optima as well as in specificity of the action in relation to synthetic substrate analogues with the substitution of methyl groups at positions 7 and 8 of ...19892545022
[antifungal activity of 6-acetamido-2-alkylthiobenzothiasoles in vitro].the antifungal activity of 6-acetamido-2-alkylthiobenzothiazoles (altogether 13 derivatives) against aspergillus niger, candida guilliermondii and against the yeast-like and mycelial forms of candida albicans was determined. no efficacy of more significance was found against a. niger. 6-acetamido-2-n-butylthiobenzothiazole, which with the ed50 = 23 micrograms/ml ranks among the agents of medium efficacy, was most effective against c. guilliermondii. good efficacy was found in 6-acetamido-2-n-pen ...19892611910
differentiation of candida guilliermondii varieties by lectin-like substances from marine algae.lectin-like substances of 54 marine algae, corresponding to 30 red algae and 24 brown algae, were studied to estimate the agglutination activity against candida guilliermondii. extracts of dictyopteris membranacea, bifurcaria bifurcata, halidrys siliquosa, ascophyllum nodosum, fucus serratus and f. spiralis algae showed selective agglutinating activities for c. guilliermondii "sensu stricto" and some of its varieties. according to their response to agglutination (positive or negative), certain a ...19892616890
production of riboflavin (vitamin b2) by hydrocarbon-utilizing yeasts.candida guilliermondii wickerham was found to be superior to the other yeasts tested for growth yields and riboflavin production when cultivated on different carbohydrate and hydrocarbon-containing media. among the refined petroleum fractions and cheap hydrocarbons tested, solar was selected as a carbon source best suited for the fermentation process. the highest growth yield and riboflavin output (10.64 mg/100 ml) by c. guilliermondii wickerham were achieved by placing aliquots of 20 ml medium ...19892679769
immunologic significance of diverse specificity of monoclonal antibodies against mannans of candida albicans.two agglutinating igm mab against mannan ag of candida albicans strains were investigated for their specificity. the agglutinating patterns of both mab with a panel of stationary phase of yeast cells of standard strains did not match those of any known polyclonal antibody (pab) factors. the reactive patterns of both mab for a given panel of 202 isolates of seven candida species and the mode of competitive binding between mab and a pab factor, as determined by a combination of direct and indirect ...19892681415
candida guilliermondii var. guilliermondii infection in infertile women.the sera of 263 women--217 infertile and 46 pregnant--were examined by various serological methods (precipitation test, agglutination, indirect immunofluorescence) to detect candida guilliermondii var. guilliermondii (c.g.) infection. the precipitation reaction was performed with extracellular c. guilliermondii antigen, the agglutination reaction was employed parallel with c. albicans. in the infertile group 122 (56.2%) proved to be c.g. positive, while in the fertile 11 women (23.9%) proved to ...19892691888
[regulation of the activity and synthesis of enzymes participating in the formation of 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine, a riboflavin precursor in yeast].the properties of two flavinogenesis enzymes--synthase of the aliphatic precursor of riboflavin (apr-synthase) and 6.7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazinesynthase (dmrl-synthase) of pichia guilliermondii. it is established that dmrl-synthase, uses apr as a substrate which contains, evidently, a phosphate group. the value of km for apr is equal to 0.7.10(-5) m, for 2.4-dihydroxy-5-amino-6-ribitylaminopyrimidine--1.25.10(-5) m. it is riboflavin but not fad that inhibits the activity of dmrl-synthase; the v ...19892741238
suppurative oral candidosis. review of the literature and report of a case.a case of a dento-alveolar abscess due to a polymicrobial infection with a yeast, candida guilliermondii and two other oral bacteria are described. a review of the literature has revealed only a single case of an odontogenic abscess due to candida species and we believe this to be the first report of a dentoalveolar infection where candida guilliermondii is associated as a co-pathogen.19902124592
discriminant analysis of cellular fatty acids of candida species, torulopsis glabrata, and cryptococcus neoformans determined by gas-liquid chromatography.we used discriminant analysis of cellular fatty acid compositions determined by gas-liquid chromatography to differentiate yeastlike fungi (a total of 190 strains; including 37 candida albicans strains, 21 candida krusei strains, 13 candida guilliermondii strains, 37 candida tropicalis strains, 10 candida pseudotropicalis strains, 24 candida parapsilosis strains, 32 torulopsis glabrata strains, and 16 cryptococcus neoformans strains). previous results with a standard strain of c. albicans indica ...19902199515
studies on the 4-carbon precursor in the biosynthesis of riboflavin. purification and properties of l-3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone-4-phosphate synthase.the formation of the riboflavin precursor, 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine, from 5-amino-6-ribitylamino-2,4(1h,3h)-pyrimidinedione requires a phosphorylated 4-carbon intermediate which has been designated as compound x (neuberger, g., and bacher, a. (1985) biochem. biophys. res. commun. 127, 175-181). the enzyme catalyzing the formation of compound x has been purified about 600-fold from the cell extract of the flavinogenic yeast candida guilliermondii by chromatographic procedures. the purified ...19902246238
transfer and expression of heterologous genes in yeasts other than saccharomyces cerevisiae.in the past few years, yeasts other than those belonging to the genus saccharomyces have become increasingly important for industrial applications. species such as pichia pastoris, hansenula polymorpha, schizosaccharomyces pombe, yarrowia lipolytica and kluyveromyces lactis have been modified genetically and used for the production of heterologous proteins. for a number of additional yeasts such as schwanniomyces occidentalis, zygosaccharomyces rouxii, trichosporon cutaneum, pachysolen tannophil ...19902291442
occurrence of the general control of amino acid biosynthesis in yeasts.the response of three amino acid biosynthetic enzymes, threonine dehydratase, tyrosine aminotransferase and saccharopine dehydrogenase, to conditions of histidine, tryptophan or lysine limitation was investigated in 15 yeast species. the activities of all these enzymes increased about two- to fourfold as a result of action of the general control of amino acid biosynthesis in brettanomyces anomalus, candida maltosa, hansenula polymorpha, rhodosporidium toruloides, saccharomyces cerevisiae and yar ...19902338623
[the effect of pichia guilliermondii yeasts on the body of laboratory animals].conditionally pathogenic species pichia guilliermondii which, being parenterally introduced to white mice, induced pathological changes in viscera and rarely death, has been revealed among species of genus pichia previously considered as a nonpathogenic genus. the strains differ considerably between themselves in virulence. the latter does not depend on the yeast sex and the source of strain isolation.19902352505
characterization and reclassification of yeasts used for biological control of postharvest diseases of fruits and vegetables.in previous studies workers have shown that three yeast strains (strains us-7, 82, and 101) have biological control activity against various postharvest fungal pathogens of fruits and vegetables, including penicillium rots of apples and citrus and botrytis rot of apples. in these reports the researchers have described these strains as debaryomyces hansenii (anamorph, candida famata) or candida sp. strains. in this study we performed additional physiological, dna reassociation, and mannan charact ...199016348361
[in vitro antifungal activity of itraconazole, a new triazole antifungal agent, against clinical isolates from patients with systemic mycoses].the in vitro antifungal activity of itraconazole (itz), a new oral triazole antifungal agent, against clinical isolates from patients with systemic mycoses were compared with those of existing systemic antifungals, viz. ketoconazole (kcz), miconazole or amphotericin b. the studies were performed with 65 isolates of pathogenic yeasts and 13 isolates of aspergillus spp. using the agar dilution method on casitone agar. itz showed the most potent antifungal activities against isolates of pathogenic ...19911652654
pseudooutbreak of candida guilliermondii fungemia in a neonatal intensive care unit.during a 3-week period multiple blood cultures obtained from 14 neonatal intensive care unit infants and 3 newborn unit babies grew candida guilliermondii, a yeast rarely associated with infections in humans. at the time of detection of positive cultures, most infants had been hospitalized for days or weeks for serious perinatal conditions and treated with antibiotics and intravenous hyperalimentation. two critically ill premature infants from whom the yeast was isolated were given amphotericin ...19911766709
biosorption of copper by yeasts.the ability to accumulate copper from aqueous solutions was determined with different yeast species. yeast cells did not show any significant differences in process kinetics. the uptake was very fast and was influenced by environmental factors. the metal-accumulating capacity differed among the tested strains. the yeast candida tropicalis and pichia guilliermondii were chosen for extensive research. cells of the stationary growth phase were able to adsorb a high amount of copper. the uptake capa ...19911777357
long-term laboratory preservation of pathogenic yeasts in water.a total of 1583 yeast isolates, mostly candida albicans, has been maintained under sterile distilled water for periods ranging from 1 to 18 years. overall, 71 (4.5%) of the isolates were not recoverable at 37 degrees c. survival of the yeasts was 97% in the first 5 years and 96% after 10 years. isolates of candida krusei and saccharomyces cerevisiae were particularly unlikely to survive storage in water and these species should be preserved by other means if they are to be kept for more than a f ...19911815033
near-uv activation of yeast growth.near-uv radiation (337 nm) at fluences of 2-10 kj m-2 activates, during the lag-phase, subsequent growth of the yeast candida guilliermondii. photostimulation occurs only after a temperature-dependent time interval (1-2 h) between short-period irradiation and the onset of cell growth on a nutrient medium. a photoactivated enzymatic synthesis of an intermediate metabolite regulating cell growth is proposed as the cause of the biochemical changes responsible for the photostimulatory effect. on the ...19911835498
in vitro susceptibility of 119 yeast isolates to fluconazole, 5-fluorocytosine, amphotericin b and ketoconazole.the in vitro activity of fluconazole was tested against 13 yeast species (119 strains) isolated from clinical specimens during a 3-month period. for comparative purposes, three other antifungal compounds (5-fluorocytosine, amphotericin b and ketoconazole) were also tested. the tests were carried out using a microautomated method previously developed in our laboratory. the method allowed us to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of the four antifungal drugs used. for each of the ...19912013239
fermentation and aerobic metabolism of cellodextrins by yeasts.the fermentation and aerobic metabolism of cellodextrins by 14 yeast species or strains was monitored. when grown aerobically, candida wickerhamii, c. guilliermondii, and c. molischiana metabolized cellodextrins of degree of polymerization 3 to 6. c. wickerhamii and c. molischiana also fermented these substrates, while c. guilliermondii fermented only cellodextrins of degree of polymerization less than or equal to 3. debaryomyces polymorphus, pichia guilliermondii, clavispora lusitaniae, and one ...19912039228
regulation of chorismate mutase activity of various yeast species by aromatic amino acids.the regulatory properties of chorismate mutase, its cellular localization and isoenzyme pattern were investigated in 23 yeast species. all yeasts contained only a single form of the enzyme, which is localized exclusively in the cytosol. the enzyme activity from all sources was activated 3-(rhodotorula aurantiaca) to 185-fold (candida maltosa) by tryptophan. the tryptophan concentration, which was necessary to obtain half maximum velocity was determined to be between 2 (pichia guilliermondii) and ...19912059012
[comparative studies of the growth behavior of wild strains and fusion hybrids of pichia guilliermondii in discontinuous and continuous culture].the influence of several temperatures on the wild strain pichia guilliermondii pg 0799 and a selected fusion product fp 3/9 was studied in batch- and continuous cultures. growth and substrate utilization of both strains were compared by determination of specific growth rates, yield coefficients and biomass production. the results showed, that strain fp 3/9 has in general a higher optimum of temperature for biomass production.19912068871
demonstration of antibodies against candida guilliermondii var. guilliermondii in asymptomatic infertile men.candida guilliermondii (c.g.) occurs mostly in animals, but it can affect humans too. using serological screening methods studies have been carried out in 57 (30 normozoospermic and 27 oligozoospermic) asymptomatic infertile men, of whom 15 (26.3%; 9 oligozoospermic and 6 normozoospermic) were found to have responded to candida guilliermondii var. guilliermondii. sperm parameters (cell count, motility, morphology) were determined and various tests (hypo-osmotic swelling test, bovine mucus penetr ...19921291877
in vitro susceptibility of 245 yeast isolates to amphotericin b, 5-fluorocytosine, ketoconazole, fluconazole and itraconazole.the in vitro activity of amphotericin b, 5-fluorocytosine, ketoconazole, fluconazole and itraconazole was tested against 245 yeast strains isolated from clinical specimens (68 candida albicans, 74 candida tropicalis, 43 candida krusei, 28 candida glabrata, 19 candida parapsilosis, 8 candida lusitaniae and 5 candida guilliermondii). an agar dilution method was employed to carry out testing. minimal inhibitory concentrations to restrain 90% of isolate growth (mic90) ranged from 0.12 to 2 mg/l for ...19921337508
colony morphotype on sabouraud-triphenyltetrazolium agar: a simple and inexpensive method for candida subspecies discrimination.a new method of candida subspecies discrimination on sabouraud-triphenyltetrazolium agar is reported. five hundred sixty-two strains of candida and torulopsis glabrata, previously identified by conventional mycological methods, were studied. each strain received a three-letter code and a number based on its colonial morphology. sixteen morphotypes were found for candida albicans, 6 were found for candida parapsilosis, 4 were found for both candida guilliermondii and candida krusei, and 12 were f ...19921400981
[analysis of 84 cases with fungemia].eighty-four patients with fungemia were analyzed. fungi had been isolated by culture of blood samples, including blood from the catheter for intravenous hyperalimentation, between 1986-1990. candida albicans (39.3%), candida parapsilosis (20.2%), candida tropicalis (11.9%), candida glabrata (10.7%), candida guilliermondii (4.8%) and trichosporon beigelii (4.8%) were the most frequently isolated fungal pathogens. four patients' blood yielded two different fungal species. fifty-nine cases were mal ...19921402094
detection of serum candida antigens by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a latex agglutination test with anti-candida albicans and anti-candida krusei antibodies.serum samples from 197 patients with and without candidiasis were assayed for candida albicans mannan and candida krusei mannan by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and a latex agglutination test (la) and for d-arabinitol by the enzymatic fluorometric method. of the 43 patients positive for c. albicans mannan (> or = 0.2 ng/ml), 34 were infected with c. albicans and 9 were infected with candida tropicalis. c. krusei mannan (> or = 0.3 ng/ml) was detected in 10 patients infected with c ...19921452696
selection of strains capable of utilizing d-xylose and cellobiose to produce ethanol by electric field-induced protoplast fusion.the protoplast fusion between candida guilliermondii s208 (arg-) and saccharomyces cerevisiae 314 was induced by three pulses (18kv/cm, 10 microseconds duration) applied at an interval of 1 s with the model gh-401 electric induced gene transfer/cell fusion system. the frequency of appearance of prototrophic hybrids was 3.6 x 10(-3). stable fusion products were obtained after continual subculture over 20 times on selected and unselected media. comparative studies showed that the fusion products w ...19921457722
mitotically unstable polyploids in the yeast pichia guilliermondii.attempts to obtain triploids or tetraploids of p. guilliermondii by sexual hybridization led to mitotically stable hybrids. however, their dna content per cell was not higher than in diploids. the results of random spore analysis demonstrate that these hybrids were in fact aneuploids which obviously suffered drastic chromosome losses immediately after mating. this phenomenon could have been caused either by aneuploidy already present in the parental strains or it might have been due to a general ...19921487815
physiological study on riboflavin production by hydrocarbon-utilizing candida guilliermondii wickerham.the production of riboflavin (vitamin b2) by candida guilliermondii wickerham cultivated on solar-containing medium was stimulated in the presence of corn oil (0.1 g%), arginine, phenylalanine (1 m mole/l) or coso4.7h2o (1000 micrograms/l). on the other hand, emulsifying agents strongly inhibited yeast growth and vitamin production. similarly, feso4.7h2o and mnso4.4h2o at 50 and 200 micrograms/l levels, respectively, also showed inhibitory effect. among the tested purines, xanthine enhanced vita ...19921609556
headspace flavour compounds produced by yeasts and lactobacilli during fermentation of preferments and bread doughs.production of volatile flavour compounds during fermentation with pure cultures of saccharomyces cerevisiae and candida guilliermondii, lactobacillus brevis and lactobacillus plantarum have been investigated, using wheat doughs and several preferements as substrates. for yeast, preferments consisted of 10% (w/v) glucose, maltose and sucrose solutions, whereas for lactobacilli they consisted of supplemented and unsupplemented (3% and 10% (w/v)) glucose solutions, and a 10% (w/v) wheat flour slurr ...19921622751
changes in the spectrum of fungal isolates: results from clinical specimens gathered in 1987/88 compared with those in 1991/92 in the university hospital göttingen, germany.in the university hospital in göttingen, the spectra of fungal species in clinical specimens of respiratory secretions, bronchial secretions and urine were compared over periods of 15 months (10/87 to 12/88 and 1/91 to 3/92) before and after the introduction of fluconazole. the following changes could be demonstrated: 1. in all specimens analysed the number of candida albicans isolates decreased, while the number of candida tropicalis isolates remained almost unchanged. 2. during the observation ...19938114803
structural study of a cell-wall mannan of saccharomyces kluyveri ifo 1685 strain. presence of a branched side chain and beta-1,2-linkage.acetolysis of the cell-wall mannan of saccharomyces kluyveri under mild conditions, gave fragments with 1-6 mannose residues. the structures of mannopentaose and mannohexaose were determined to be [formula; see text] respectively, by two-dimensional homonuclear hartmann-hahn spectroscopy and a sequential nmr assignment method that combines 1h-13c correlated spectroscopy, relayed coherence transfer spectroscopy, 1h-detected heteronuclear multiple-bond connectivity and methylation analysis. the h1 ...19938223546
alcohol dehydrogenase (adh2) from a mutant strain of candida guilliermondii a80-03: purification and characterization.alcohol dehydrogenase adh2 was purified twice from candida guilliermondii strain a80-03, by ion exchange column chromatography on deae-toyopearl 650m. the enzyme was a dimer of m(r) 98,500. adh2 had a broad substrate specificity, oxidizing secondary alcohols as well as primary alcohols. the enzyme was sensitive to several inhibitors, such as metal chelators and thiol reagents. kinetic studies suggested that adh2 oxidized ethanol by an iso ordered sequential mechanism.19938349092
[cloning of the rib7 gene encoding the riboflavin synthase of the yeast pichia guilliermondii].the rib7 gene encoding the enzyme of the final stage of riboflavin biosynthesis in pichia guilliermondii--riboflavin synthase was cloned on the pfl38 shuttle vector as the sau3a fragment of the chromosomal dna of about 4 kb. the hindiii fragment of 1.4 kb was subcloned from the hybrid plasmid pfr7 obtained onto the puc18 plasmid. the plasmid pr7 thus constructed transform escherichia coli ribb-45 mutant cells with a blocked riboflavin synthase approximately at the same frequency as pfr7. high ri ...19938370504
effect of peritoneal dialysis effluent on superoxide anion production by polymorphonuclear neutrophils.peritoneal dialysis effluent (pde) contains at least 2 factors capable of affecting superoxide generation by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmn) in response to both particulate and soluble stimuli. a low molecular weight fraction (< 1.2 kd) enhanced the response to the chemotactic peptide fmlp and to preopsonised staphylococcus epidermidis and candida guilliermondii. a higher molecular weight fraction (> 1.2 kd) inhibited superoxide production in response to phorbol myristate acetate (pma). the ...19938393533
[characteristics of lipids of microbial origin with regard to triglyceride composition and comparison of them to plant oils].the triacylglycerol composition of lipids isolated from the yeasts candida guilliermondii and c. humicola and of food vegetable oils was investigated by hplc. the triacylglycerol composition of samples was compared using the program "nearest neighbour" and by plotting images with the help of the software package statgraphics. the methods used allow us to conclude that microbial lipids are rather promising.19938475018
characterization of two monoclonal antibodies against secretory proteinase of candida tropicalis dsm 4238.two murine igm monoclonal antibodies (mab; mt1 and mt2), which were produced against the secretory aspartic proteinase of candida tropicalis dsm 4238, are described. both antibodies reacted with the native and denatured conformations of the homologous proteinase antigen but showed different patterns of reactivity with other related proteinases (candida albicans cbs 2730, serotype a; c. albicans atcc 48867, serotype b; candida parapsilosis dsm 4237) and with porcine pepsin. neither of the antibod ...19938483055
sugar uptake and involved enzymatic activities by yeasts and lactic acid bacteria: their relationship with breadmaking quality.the uptake kinetics of sugars present in wheat doughs and alpha-glucosidase as well as beta-fructosidase activities were determined in different strains of yeasts and lactic acid bacteria. these strains were previously selected according to their breadmaking quality. saccharomyces cerevisiae (p6), candida guilliermondii (p40), lactobacillus plantarum (b31 and la18) and l. brevis (b21) showed good performance, while sacch. fructuum (p43), l. cellobiosus (b37) and enterococcus faecium (b11) yielde ...19938494688
[stimulatory effect of serotonin on the growth of the yeast candida guilliermondii and the bacterium streptococcus faecalis].periodic addition of serotonin into a cultivation medium during growing of the yeast candida guilliermondii and the bacterium streptococcus faecalis exerts stimulatory influence on the growth of the cultures. the effect manifests itself in activating cell reproduction in the lag-phase, accelerating exponential growth of the cultures and their quicker reaching the stationary phase. the stimulatory effect of serotonin is optimal if serotonin is added to the growth medium at concentrations up to 10 ...19938505913
evaluation of two commercialized systems for the rapid identification of medically important yeasts.a total of 77 recent clinical isolates of candida albicans and other medically important yeasts were identified by two different commercial tests, rapidec albicans (api-biomérieux) and fongiscreen 4h (sanofi diagnostics pasteur), and conventional mycological methods. the strains were from 13 different species of yeasts and consisted of strains of 36 c. albicans, three of candida famata, nine of candida (torulopsis) glabrata, five of candida guilliermondii, two of candida kefyr, three of candida ...19938015561
multigradient method for optimization of slow biotechnological processes.a new method (named a "jumping spider") is introduced for the optimization of slow biotechnological processes. the more traditional sequential experimentation (i.e., gradient search, simplex, etc.) is not well suited for slow dynamic processes, e.g., plant cell culture and differentiation. therefore, a more simultaneous approach is proposed. a large number of initial experiments are performed, on the basis of which several of the initial experiments are selected as starting points. a search is t ...199318612958
rapid presumptive identification of medically relevant yeasts to the species level by polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzyme analysis.a method for the rapid presumptive differentiation of a panel of 12 clinically relevant yeasts to the species level was developed on the basis of evaluation by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) of the gene coding for the small ribosomal subunit 18s-rrna. the method involved restriction enzyme analysis of pcr products obtained with primers common to all fungi. using six restriction enzymes, alui, bani, bbsi, draii, eco147i and nhei, characteristic pcr-restriction enzyme patterns were obtained f ...19948064542
transfer rna profiling: a new method for the identification of pathogenic candida species.a new molecular taxonomic method applicable to the identification of medically important candida species and other yeast species has been developed. it is based on the electrophoretic pattern of total trna samples (a 'trna profile') isolated from candida species and generated using high-resolution semi-denaturing urea-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and methylene blue staining. species-specific trna profiles for the species c. albicans, c. tropicalis, c. parapsilosis, c. guilliermondii, c. gl ...19947941747
in vitro infection of human fetal membranes with candida species.to assess whether candida species can penetrate intact fetal membranes under in vitro conditions, candida albicans, candida tropicalis, candida guilliermondii, candida pseudotropicalis and candida glabrata were inoculated onto the surface of the maternal side of the membranes obtained from 4 pregnant women undergoing repeat cesarean section. after incubation under culture conditions, membranes were evaluated by histological examination. c. albicans inoculated onto the maternal side penetrated an ...19948005544
nadh dehydrogenase subunit genes in the mitochondrial dna of yeasts.the genes encoding the nadh dehydrogenase subunits of respiratory complex i have not been identified so far in the mitochondrial dna (mtdna) of yeasts. in the linear mtdna of candida parapsilosis, we found six new open reading frames whose sequences were unambiguously homologous to those of the genes known to code for nadh dehydrogenase subunit proteins of different organisms, i.e., nd1, nd2, nd3, nd4l, nd5, and nd6. the gene for nd4 also appears to be present, as judged from hybridization exper ...19947521869
catabolite repression of induction of aldose reductase activity and utilization of mixed hemicellulosic sugars in candida guilliermondii.nadph-dependent aldose reductase activity induced by d-xylose or l-arabinose was detected in cell-free extracts of candida guilliermondii, but only negligible activities were observed if d-glucose served as carbon source. the induction of aldose reductase activity on mixed sugars was investigated under resting cell conditions. d-glucose repressed enzyme induction by d-xylose or l-arabinose to varying degrees, and l-arabinose inhibited enzyme induction by d-xylose. during incubation in a mixture ...19957549770
auxacolor, a new commercial system for yeast identification: evaluation of 182 strains comparatively with id 32c.the incidence of deep candidiasis, particularly in immunocompromised patients, and the emergence of less sensitive yeast species to new antifungal agents explain the interest of their rapid identification. a new identification system, auxacolor (sanofi diagnostics pasteur), has been evaluated, comparatively to id 32c strip taken in reference (biomérieux sa). these systems include respectively 13 and 29 carbohydrate assimilation tests. one hundred and sixty-nine strains belonging to 17 common yea ...19957574109
effect of acetic acid on xylose fermentation to xylitol by candida guilliermondii.the effect of acetic acid concentration on xylose-fermentation to xylitol by candida guilliermondii fti 20037 was evaluated in semisynthetic medium containing different concentrations of the acid. increasing acetic acid concentration up to 1.0 g/l favored xylitol yield and productivity, with maximum values of 0.82 g/g and 0.57 g/l.h, respectively. the presence of acetic acid reduced cell production at all concentration. furthermore, acetic acid was assimilated by the yeast together with the suga ...19957608864
hyaluronidase and chondroitin sulphatase production by different species of candida.the production of hyaluronidase and chondroitin sulphatase by candida albicans, candida tropicalis, candida parapsilosis, candida guilliermondii and candida krusei was investigated using a complex culture medium (sabouraud glucose agar) and a chemically defined medium. among the 63 c. albicans isolates tested, 61 (97.8%) were found to be hyaluronidase and chondroitin sulphatase producers; one isolate produced only chondroitin sulphatase and one other was unable to produce either enzyme. the seco ...19957650575
transgalactosylation catalyzed by alpha-galactosidase from candida guilliermondii h-404.the thermostable alpha-galactosidase from candida guilliermondii h-404 synthesized self-transfer products in the absence of a suitable acceptor. the main self-transfer product, using melibiose as a donor substrate, was o-alpha-d-galactosyl-(1,6)-o-alpha-d-galactosyl-(1,6)-d-glucose. this enzyme had a wide acceptor specificity. d-glucose, d-galactose, maltose, maltitol, and 1,4-butandiol were the most effective acceptors in the transgalactosylation catalyzed by this enzyme. the enzyme could also ...19957772826
biocontrol of mold growth in high-moisture wheat stored under airtight conditions by pichia anomala, pichia guilliermondii, and saccharomyces cerevisiae.pichia anomala inhibits the growth of penicillium roqueforti and aspergillus candidus on agar. in this investigation, antagonistic activity on agar against 17 mold species was determined. the abilities of pichia anomala, pichia guilliermondii, and saccharomyces cerevisiae to inhibit the growth of the mold penicillium roqueforti in nonsterile high-moisture wheat were compared by adding 10(3) penicillium roqueforti spores and different amounts of yeast cells per gram of wheat. inoculated grain was ...19957793907
[protective and reactive effect of a cellular extract from propionic acid bacteria on candida guilliermondii and escherichia coli, inactivated by ultraviolet radiation].dialyzed soluble proteins of propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii cell extract (dialyzate) were found to exert a protective and reactivating effect on candida guilliermondii and escherichia coli cells inactivated by uv light of c and b ranges. reactivation occurred when dialyzate was added to irradiated bacterial suspensions immediately after irradiation or 15 min afterwards. some common features of dialyzate effect on irradiated prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells were established. no ...19958643036
molecular cloning of the gtp-cyclohydrolase structural gene rib1 of pichia guilliermondii involved in riboflavin biosynthesis.the structural gene of gtp-cyclohydrolase, involved in riboflavin biosynthesis, was cloned from a pichia guilliermondii genomic library. a 1855 bp genomic dna fragment complementing the riboflavin auxotrophies of an escherichia coli riba mutant, defective in gtp-cyclohydrolase ii, and a p. guilliermondii rib1 mutant was isolated and sequenced. an open reading frame with the potential to encode a protein of 344 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 38,711 da was detected. the p. guillier ...19958533469
yeast succession in the amazon fruit parahancornia amapa as resource partitioning among drosophila spp.the succession of yeasts colonizing the fallen ripe amapa fruit, from parahancornia amapa, was examined. the occupation of the substrate depended on both the competitive interactions of yeast species, such as the production of killer toxins, and the selective dispersion by the drosophilid guild of the amapa fruit. the yeast community associated with this amazon fruit differed from those isolated from other fruits in the same forest. the physiological profile of these yeasts was mostly restricted ...19958534092
ascomycetous yeast communities of marine invertebrates in a southeast brazilian mangrove ecosystem.the ascomycetous yeast communities associated with 3 bivalve mollusk, and 4 crab species were studied in the mangrove at coroa grande on sepetiba bay in rio de janeiro, brazil. these were made up mostly of diverse but sparse and apparently allochtonous yeast populations. the striking exception was a prevalent population of the species kluyveromyces aestuarii, which predominated the yeast communities of 2 detritus feeding crabs, sesarma rectum and uca spp., and the shipworm neoteredo reynei. howe ...19958546456
comparative evaluation of macrodilution and alamar colorimetric microdilution broth methods for antifungal susceptibility testing of yeast isolates.a comparative evaluation of the macrodilution method and the alamar colorimetric method for the susceptibility testing of amphotericin b, fluconazole, and flucytosine was conducted with 134 pathogenic yeasts. the clinical isolates included 28 candida albicans, 17 candida tropicalis, 15 candida parapsilosis, 12 candida krusei, 10 candida lusitaniae, 9 candida guilliermondii, 18 torulopsis glabrata, and 25 cryptococcus neoformans isolates. the macrodilution method was performed and interpreted acc ...19958567901
molecular probes for diagnosis of fungal infections.we have developed 21 specific nucleic acid probes which target the large subunit rrna genes from aspergillus flavus, aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus glaucus, aspergillus niger, aspergillus terreus, blastomyces dermatitidis, candida albicans, candida (torulopsis) glabrata, candida guilliermondii, candida kefyr, candida krusei, candida lusitaniae, candida parapsilosis, candida tropicalis, coccidioides immitis, cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii, cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans, filobas ...19958576345
[ferrireductase from pichia guilliermondii: properties and regulation of activity and synthesis].properties of pichia guilliermondii ferrireductase of the crude extracts and ammonium sulfate preparations were studied. nadh and cu (ii) ions are necessary for ferrireductase activity. mg (ii) also stimulates this reaction while oxygen acts as a slight inhibitor. ferrireductase reduces fe (iii) in complex with citrate, iron-binding peptide from the culture medium of p. guilliermondii, rhodotorulic acid, coprogen, desferrioxamine b and edta. mutants rib80, rib81 and hit of pichia guilliermondii ...19958588251
the effect of sodium hypochlorite on potential pathogenic traits of candida albicans and other candida species.strains of candida albicans, candida krusei, candida kefyr, candida tropicalis, candida parapsilosis and candida guilliermondii were grown in the presence or absence of concentrations of sodium hypochlorite below the minimal inhibitory concentration and tested for a range of characteristics that may be associated with pathogenicity. sodium hypochlorite is used routinely in hospitals in australia for disinfection procedures, and these experiments were designed to assess the efficacy of hypochlori ...19958602340
invasive candida guilliermondii infection: in vitro susceptibility studies and molecular analysis.candida guilliermondii is rarely isolated from humans. we describe a case of disseminated c. guilliermondii with associated purulent pericarditis, despite high-dose amphotericin b (amb), in a 19-year-old female with aplastic anemia who underwent bmt. in vitro susceptibility studies of the 13 clinical isolates, two control strains and one environmental isolate revealed a minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) range of (0.19-1.56 micrograms/ml) for amb and (1.25-10 micrograms/ml) for fluconazole. ...19958750282
identification of candida species by pcr and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of intergenic spacer regions of ribosomal dna.the pcr was used to amplify a targeted region of the ribosomal dna from 84 candida isolates. unique product sizes were obtained for candida guilliermondii, candida (torulopsis) glabrata, and candida pseudotropicalis. isolates of candida albicans, candida tropicalis, candida stellatoidea, candida parapsilosis, and candida krusei could be identified following restriction digestion of the pcr products.19957494052
biocontrol of mold growth in high-moisture wheat stored under airtight conditions by pichia anomala, pichia guilliermondii, and saccharomyces cerevisiae.volume 61, no. 3, p. 1029, table 1, boxhead over columns 2 to 4: "(cfu/plate)" should read "(log cfu/plate)." fig. 1 [this corrects the article on p. 1027 in vol. 61.].199516535015
assessment of viability of yeast by flow cytometry using light green as vital dye exclusion.a comparative study of two different staining methods for estimation of yeast's viability is assessed by microbial flow cytometry. propidium iodide (pi) a well known nucleic-acid binding vital dye exclusion is compared with light green (lg), a cytoplasmic function related vital dye widely used in histological, histochemical and immunocytochemical staining. the yeast model used was heat-killed candida guilliermondii cells. the stained heat-killed bacterial population showed on the dot-plot flow c ...19968783902
evaluation of a commercial medium for identification of candida species.chromagar candida (chromagar, france) was evaluated as a medium for the presumptive identification and isolation of yeasts using 1,537 isolates of medically important yeasts, including 970 candida albicans, 165 candida parapsilosis, 131 candida glabrata, 62 candida guilliermondii, 35 candida krusei, 32 candida tropicalis, 31 rhodotorula rubra, 23 trichosporon spp. (17 trichosporon beigelii), 17 candida famata, 16 candida pelliculosa, 10 pichia etchelsii, 10 saccharomyces cerevisiae, 8 candida lu ...19968801088
the role of membrane-bound porphyrin-type compound as endogenous sensitizer in photodynamic damage to yeast plasma membranes.the effect of visible light (400-600 nm) on candida guilliermondii and saccharomyces cerevisiae was studied, and irradiation fluences killing the yeast cells without exogenous sensitizers were determined. the lethal effects are strongly oxygen-dependent, suggesting the involvement of photodynamic reactions mediated by endogenous sensitizer(s). repair-deficient strains of s. cerevisiae show the same photosensitivity as the wild-type strain indicating that visible light does not photosensitize rep ...19968810531
a new method of antibiotyping yeasts for subspecies discrimination and distribution in human clinical specimens.a study of the antibiotypes of 764 isolates of the genera candida and torulopsis from different clinical specimens is reported. the typing method was based on the susceptibility results obtained by the standardized and partially automated kit atb-fungus (api-biomérieux), giving to each strain a code of six figures, according to these criteria: susceptibility to 5-fluorocytosine, amphotericin b, nystatin, miconazole, econazole, and ketoconazole. candida albicans serotypes were determined by the c ...19968817179
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