Publications

comparison of a new 10% and 20% safflower oil fat emulsion in pediatric parenteral nutrition.	a new 20% safflower oil fat emulsion was compared with its 10% counterpart in a small series of pediatric patients. five infants and children, studied for a 2-week period, received either the 10% or 20% emulsion for 1 week and the other emulsion the 2nd week. no serious toxicity or side effects were noted in any of the patients following the infusion of either emulsion. in addition, significant weight gain was noted in the children, and clinical improvement was apparent in all cases. this prelim ...	1981	6788973
assessment of the essential fatty acid requirement in gerbils by polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio.	essential fatty acid status in the gerbil was assessed using the ratio of 20:3 omega 9 (5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid) to 20:4 omega 6 (arachidonic acid) derived from liver phospholipid. both a fat-free diet and a diet containing 20% hydrogenated coconut oil produced an essential fatty acid deficiency. the minimum requirement for 18:2 omega 6 (linoleic acid) in the gerbil, like that in the rat, was estimated at 1% kcal of the diet when graded levels of safflower oil were added to a purified diet co ...	1981	6792330
studies with a safflower oil emulsion in total parenteral nutrition.	the prevention of essential fatty acid deficiency and the provision of adequate amounts of energy are two major concerns in total parenteral nutrition. since earlier preparations of fat emulsion used to supplement the usual regimen of hypertonic glucose and amino acids have widely varying clinical acceptability, a new product, a safflower oil emulsion available in two concentrations (liposyn), was evaluated. in four clinical trials the emulsion was used as a supplement to total parenteral nutrit ...	1981	6799182
effects of the type of dietary fat at two levels of vitamin e in wistar male rats during development and aging. iii. biochemical and morphometric parameters of the liver.	the purpose of this study was to explore in rats the possible influence of the type of dietary fat at two extreme levels of vitamin e on several biochemically determined hepatic changes and on a number of quantitatively analyzed structural and ultrastructural variations with age in hepatic cells. six groups of weanling wistar male rats were fed ad libitum isoenergetic diets containing similar amounts (15 g per 100 g diet) of saturated fat (coconut oil), unsaturated fat (safflower oil) or a combi ...	1981	6166818
prevention of glomerulonephritis and prolonged survival in new zealand black/new zealand white f1 hybrid mice fed an essential fatty acid-deficient diet.	female b/w mice spontaneously develop an autoimmune disease that is similar to systemic lupus erythematosus. antibodies to doublestranded dna (dsdna) and antinuclear antibodies develop in aging animals; death from immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis occurs from 8 to 12 mo of age. it has been reported that prostaglandin (pg)e(1) treatment of such mice prolongs survival. in the present study, four groups of female b/w mice were studied beginning at 6-11 wk of age on the following regimens: ...	1981	6450777
[effects of carthamus tinctorius l. and angelica sinensis (oliv.) diels on experimental myocardial ischemia].		1981	6459874
effect of polyunsaturate-rich vegetable oils on blood pressure in essential hypertension.	a group of essential hypertensives were treated for a period of six weeks with groundnut oil or safflower oil compared with a control group who were given a placebo medication. a significant drop in diastolic pressure occurred in the groups receiving the polyunsaturated fatty acid (pufa) preparation. in another group of eight patients, who were already receiving traditional antihypertensive therapy, supplementation with pufa rich oil resulted in a significant reduction in blood pressure. further ...	1981	7009103
influence of dietary unsaturated and saturated fat on the plasma lipoproteins of mongolian gerbils.	lipid and apoprotein moieties of the plasma lipoproteins of mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus) were compared in animals fed semipurified diets containing either coconut oil (coc) or safflower oil (saf). coc-induced hypercholesterolemia was associated with elevations in very low density lipoprotein (vldl), low density lipoprotein (ldl) and high density lipoprotein (hdl). saturated fat feeding also resulted in th saturation of fatty acids of triglycerides and cholesteryl esters of vldl and ...	1981	7225175
effect of some dietary additions to either an arginine-devoid diet or a diet supplemented with orotic acid refed after starvation on liver lipid content during essential fatty acid deficiency in rats.	refeeding either an arginine-devoid diet or a 14% casein diet supplemented with 1% orotic acid for 7 days to starved rats caused an increase in liver lipid content which was prevented by the addition of adenine, allopurinol and safflower oil, but not guanine, cytosine, thymine and uracil. when rats were refed the arginine-devoid diet unsupplemented or supplemented with guanine, cytosine, thymine and uracil, their serum triglyceride and cholesterol decreased or tended to decrease as compared with ...	1981	7229738
nutritional effects on blood lipid and hdl cholesterol concentrations in two subspecies of african green monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops).	the african green monkey has previously been found to be a promising model for the study of atherosclerosis. we have compared the plasma and hdl cholesterol response to dietary manipulation in the two subspecies of african green monkeys (vervets and grivets) most often imported for biomedical research purposes. twenty vervets and 20 grivets were fed, in succession, diets containing safflower oil, butter, or lard as the principal dietary fat at a level of 40% of calories. ten animals of each subs ...	1981	7240958
effect of changing dietary fat saturation on low-density lipoprotein metabolism in man.	the mechanism of change in low-density lipoprotein (ldl) levels by diets differing in fat saturation have been studied. turnover of 125i-ldl was measured in eight subjects with type ii hyperlipoproteinemia and in seven normal control subjects during two dietary periods containing 40% of calories as either safflower oil (polyunsaturated fat, psf) or as lard (saturated fat, sf). higher levels of ldl apoprotein and ldl-cholesterol were observed in both groups on saturated fat. subjects with elevate ...	1981	7246768
[studies of the effects of cis, cis and trans, trans-octadecadienoic acids on lipid metabolism in essential fatty acid deficient rats (author's transl)].	the effect of an essential fatty acid [efa] deficiency in male sprague-dawley rats and its excerbation by inclusion of trans fatty acids in the diet were observed from the level and composition of serum lipoproteins. male sprague-dawley rats were fed from weaning diet containing all essential nutrients and 10% of a fat supplement as safflower oil (saff] or hydrogenated coconut oil [hco] for 28 weeks. at the end of 28 weeks, the blood was withdrawn from the retro-ocular plexes of 4 animals of eac ...	1981	7262821
promotion by unsaturated fat of azaserine-induced pancreatic carcinogenesis in the rat.	diet has been shown to modulate the incidence of a wide variety of chemically induced cancers in animals. various diets fed either during the initiation stage or the postinitiation (promotion) stage of carcinogenesis were evaluated for their ability to modulate the incidence of pancreatic cancer. male wistar/lewis rats were treated with multiple injections of the pancreatic carcinogen, azaserine, during a 6- to 7-week-long initiation phase and were autopsied after a postinitiation phase of 34 or ...	1981	7285004
elevated cholesterol and bile acid synthesis in an adult patient with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. reduction by a high glucose diet.	elevated levels of cholesterol synthesis are reported for several young children with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (hfh) and are considered to contribute directly to their hypercholesterolemia. in contrast, increased cholesterol production has not previously been found in adult patients with hfh. using the fecal steroid balance technique, we studied rates of cholesterol and bile acid synthesis in a 24-yr-old man who had severe hypercholesterolemia typical of hfh and who lacked skin f ...	1981	7298845
comparative studies of adaptive responses of fatty acid synthetase activities in rat liver and adipose tissue.	the specific activities of the fatty acid synthetases in the cytosolic fraction of livers and epididymal fat pads from fed, fasted or refed rats were determined. refed rats received diets which provided, as the primary energy sources, sucrose or starch (75%) or both (59%) with beef tallow or safflower oil (16%) or the monosaccharide components (75%). from these determinations of fatty acid synthetase activity, the relative contribution of each tissue to the rat's overall lipogenic capacity was e ...	1981	7299496
desaturation of endogenous and exogenous palmitate in lung tissue in vitro.	lung slices from rats fed a fat-free diet supplemented with safflower oil (control) or tripalmitoylglycerol (essential fatty acid [efa]-deficient) were incubated with [14c]acetate, [14c]palmitate, or [14c]stearate. of the 14c recovered in phospholipids after incubation with [14c]acetate, more than 87% was in 16-carbon fatty acids. desaturation, as assayed by the percentage of radioactivity in monoenoates in phospholipid fatty acids, was generally double in efa-deficient slices compared to contro ...	1981	7300595
effects of lecithin ingestion on plasma and lymph lipoproteins of normo- and hyperlipemic rats.	rats were fed low- or high-cholesterol diets in which all fatty acids were derived from either polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine (pc) or safflower oil (so) for 15 days. in hypercholesterolemic rats, plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol esters were increased by dietary pc compared with so. in normolipemic rats, pc administered either in the diet or by short-term, maximal-rate intraduodenal infusion had no effect on aortic or portal plasma lipoprotein lipids or on mesenteric lymph and pla ...	1981	7304754
essential fatty acid status in cystic fibrosis and the effects of safflower oil supplementation.	the fatty acid compositions of serum phospholipids, cholesteryl esters, triglycerides, and free fatty acids were determined on a group of cystic fibrosis patients. these were compared with similar data from random hospitalized patients of the same age groups of both sexes. fatty acid patterns in all lipid classes were skewed in the direction of essential fatty acid deficiency, but the differences were most dramatic in phospholipids. many calculated parameters useful as indices of essential fatty ...	1981	7446449
effect of dietary lipids on composition and glucose utilization by rat adipose tissue.	feeding rats diets rich in either safflower oil or coconut oil resulted in a significant change in the lipid composition of epididymal fat pads as compared with those obtained from rats fed a commercial stock diet. a safflower oil diet resulted in an increase in tissue cholesterol and a decrease in phospholipid concentration as compared with the stock diet. a coconut oil diet resulted in a decrease in both tissue cholesterol and phospholipid concentrations as compared with the stock diet. adipos ...	1981	7452373
relative muscarinic synaptic activation by anionic, neutral or cationic liposomes.	liposomes made of dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl choline (dpc) and safflower oil fatty acids produce a contraction of the guinea pig ileum longitudinal muscle myenteric plexus preparation (lmmp). stimulating the lmmp while liposomes are present yielded greater than control contractions, an effect which remained for many minutes after liposomes had been washed out. neutral (dpc) liposomes produced a direct transitory decrease in basal tension and phasic activity. stimulation in the presence of neutral ...	1981	6895674
measurement of hepatic sterol synthesis in the mongolian gerbil in vivo using [3h]water: diurnal variation and effect of type of dietary fat.	the hepatic synthesis of sterol was measured in the male mongolian gerbil (meriones unguiculatus) in vivo following the administration of [3h]water by monitoring the incorporation of radioactivity into digitonin-precipitable sterol. a diurnal rhythm in cholesterol synthesis was exhibited under conditions of ad libitum feeding with alternating 12-hour periods of light (0200 to 1400 hr) and dark (1400 to 0200 hr). the zenith was reached between 1500 and 2100 hr and the nadir approximately 10-12 ho ...	1981	7197290
augmentation of prostaglandin production by linoleic acid in man.	1. since several lines of evidence have suggested that a diminution of endogenous prostaglandins (pg) may participate in the pathogenesis of a variety of disease states, it would be advantageous to develop therapeutic approaches that augment endogenous prostaglandin synthesis. since linoleic acid is readily converted to arachidonic acid, we assessed the effects of linoleic acid administration on immunoassayable pge and 6-oxo-pgf1 alpha excretion as indices of pge2 and pgi2 production. 2. six nor ...	1982	6751651
oral lecithin and linoleic acid in friedreich's ataxia: iii. biochemical results.	lecithin and safflower oil brought about the same changes in serum lad activity and kinetics in patients with friedreich's ataxia as in controls when results of this double-blind crossover study were analyzed according to group assignation. according to functional stages, pretrial lad activity decreased with advancing severity while km for lipoamide increased. lecithin and safflower oil supplements corrected the elevated km for lipoamide but produced a further reduction in lad activity. these ch ...	1982	6896672
effects of a diet deficient in essential fatty acids on the glomerular hypercellularity occurring in the course of nephrotoxic serum nephritis in rats.	an accelerated model of nephrotoxic serum nephritis (ntn) was induced in two groups of sprague-dawley rats on the following regimens: (a) a diet deficient in essential fatty acids that contained 20% coconut oil (rats a); (b) a diet supplemented with essential fatty acids that contained 20% safflower oil (rats b). animals from both groups developed a severe proteinuria reaching its maximum 4 days after the injection of nephrotoxic serum (nts). kidney tissue was studied by light and immunofluoresc ...	1982	6956773
dietary factors affecting experimental models of nutritional encephalomalacia.	various factors affecting the experimental development of nutritional encephalomalacia (ne) were studied in young chicks. the effects of these factors were evaluated by calculation of the age at which one-half were affected (t1/2). the incidence of ataxia and mortality and statistical analysis of the intensity of the disease were also calculated. no differences were found among the safflower oil samples oxidized for periods ranging from 12 to 48 hr in their potency to induce ne, while oil oxidiz ...	1982	7088786
purification and characterization of the stearoyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase and the acyl-acyl carrier protein thioesterase from maturing seeds of safflower.	two enzymes involved in oleic acid biosynthesis have been purified from immature safflower seed. the stearoyl-acyl carrier protein (acp) desaturase which catalyzes the formation of the double bond of oleate has been purified 200-fold and is a dimer with a molecular weight of 68,000. the enzyme shows strong preference for stearoyl-acp as substrate; by comparison of its activity with stearoyl-coa and palmitoyl-acp as substrates, it appears that the acp moiety is primarily important for binding of ...	1982	7118934
maternal dietary fat and polyunsaturated fatty acids in the developing foetal rat brain.	female rats were fed purified diets containing 10% safflower oil, which is high in linoleic acid, from approximately 2 weeks prior to mating until the 14th day of gestation. they were then fed purified diets containing safflower oil, soybean oil (containing linoleic and linolenic acids), or hydrogenated coconut oil (essential fatty acid deficient). on days 16, 18, and 21 of gestation, foetuses were removed by caesarean section and the brains were subjected to fatty acid analysis. by day 16 of ge ...	1982	7119787
effects of beta-sitosterol on the concentrations of serum and liver cholesterol and serum apolipoproteins in rats fed butter fat.	male rats were fed on semipurified cholesterol-free diets containing butter fat with or without supplementary beta-sitosterol. the expected rise of serum cholesterol caused by butter fat, as compared with safflower oil, was not able to be demonstrated, and hence the hypocholesterolemic effect of beta-sitosterol as well. however, the plant sterol effectively lowered the liver cholesterol level. similar responses were also observed in mice. the distribution of cholesterol in serum lipoproteins rem ...	1982	7119904
the procaryotic nature of the fatty acid synthetase of developing carthamus tinctorius l. (safflower) seeds.		1982	7125663
effect of dietary fat saturation, cholesterol and cholestyramine on acyl-coa: cholesterol acyltransferase activity in rabbit intestinal microsomes.	the regulation of intestinal acyl-coa: cholesterol acyltransferase was investigated by dietary manipulation. rabbits were fed the following diets: normal rabbit chow, 10% safflower oil, safflower oil plus 1% cholesterol, coconut oil plus 1% cholesterol, or cholestyramine. acyl-coa: cholesterol acyltransferase activity was increased in intestinal microsomes from animals fed safflower oil but not from animals fed coconut oil. both diets containing cholesterol increased acyl-coa: cholesterol acyltr ...	1982	7126624
effect of eicosatetraynoic acid on liver and plasma lipids.	groups of rats were fed a fat-free diet supplemented with 0.5% safflower oil (control) or the control diet containing 0.5% of 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid (tya). blood was collected weekly and plasma lipids analyzed. after 4 weeks, the animals were killed and the liver lipids were analyzed in detail. the acetylenic fatty acid perturbed plasma neutral lipid and phospholipid class concentrations and reduced growth rates. liver triglyceride concentrations were reduced dramatically in the tya fed ...	1982	7154866
effect of dietary protein and hypervitaminosis a or c on tissue peroxidation and erythrocyte lysis of vitamin e deficiency.	rats were maintained on a vitamin e free diet containing 20% safflower oil for a period of 12 weeks at two dietary protein levels, 20% and 10% casein. enhanced in vitro tissue lipid peroxidation and lysis of erythrocytes were noticed at both the protein levels. a reduction in body mass and tissue weights were observed in both the protein groups but more so at 20% protein level. feeding of retinyl palmitate (100 000 iu/100 g body weight) for 4 consecutive days to -e rats inhibited liver and kidne ...	1982	7160964
linoleic acid absorption in children with cystic fibrosis.	when safflower oil (triglyceride) was consumed without pancreatic enzymes by children with cystic fibrosis (cf), there was no rise in mean plasma linoleic acid levels over the next 4 h. when linoleic acid monoglyceride (lam) was consumed, the increase in plasma linoleic acid levels was significantly greater than for safflower oil at 2 (p less than 0.02), 3 (p less than 0.01), and 4 h (p less than 0.01). when free fatty acid (hydrolyzed safflower oil) was ingested, there was almost no increase in ...	1982	7186027
oral lecithin and linoleic acid in friedreich's ataxia: ii. clinical results.	twenty-two patients with friedreich's ataxia and ten normal controls were followed for one year and assessed as to their clinical performance after two successive six-month periods of lecithin or safflower oil. results demonstrated no significant difference in performance scores according to group assignation, neither in patients nor in controls. according to stages, two patients in stage i and to a lesser degree, one patient in stage iv showed better scores for muscle strength and some motor ac ...	1982	7049341
interrelationship between dietary trans fatty acids and the 6- and 9-desaturases in the rat.	studies are reported on the effects of dietary trans fatty acids on the 6- and 9-acyl desaturase activities in the liver microsomes of rats fed essential fatty acid (efa)-deficient and non-efa-deficient diets. in experiment i, weanling male rats were fed a semisynthetic diet with either 10% safflower oil (saf) or 10% hydrogenated coconut oil (hco). at the age of one year, half of the dietary fat was replaced by a supplement containing elaidate, linolelaidate and cis, trans-trans,cis-18:2 (trans) ...	1982	7087680
effects of dietary long-chain fatty acids on the rat biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids in the rat.	menhaden oil (me) was included in semisynthetic diets to study the effect of long-chain fatty acids, mainly 20:5n3 and 22:6n3, on the biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids and on the 6- and 9-desaturase activities in liver microsomes. five experimental diets, with the following fat supplements, were fed to male rats from weaning for a period of 33 weeks: 5% safflower oil (saf) + 10% hydrogenated coconut oil (hco), 5% saf + 5% hco + 5% me, 5% saf + 10% me, 15% hco and 5% hco + 10% me. the l ...	1982	6279803
parenteral 20% safflower oil emulsion safety and effectiveness as a caloric source in newborn infants.	five surgical infants, ages 3 to 30 days, were studied while receiving peripheral total parenteral nutrition for a period of 2 weeks. by a randomized sequence, either 10 or 20% safflower oil emulsion was infused the first week, followed by the alternate solution during the second week. caloric intake was 80 to 100 cal/kg/day, of which lipids comprised one-third to one-half. no adverse side effects were noted. eosinophilia developed in three patients, but otherwise no changes in hematologic and b ...	1982	6804651
parenteral nutrition: current status and concepts.	parenteral nutrition is regarded as a form of nutrition in some countries and as an extension of intravenous fluid therapy in others. the optimum clinical application of parenteral nutrition as a form of therapy requires detailed knowledge of the nutrient solutions themselves, including the commonly used solutions such as dextrose, soybean oil emulsion, synthetic crystalline l-amino acid solutions; older solutions such as xylitol, protein hydrolysates; and newer solutions such as glycerides and ...	1982	6806063
changes in red cell membrane fatty acids in patients receiving total parenteral nutrition supplemented with a safflower oil emulsion.	previous studies in patients suffering from essential fatty acid deficiency (efad) have shown erythrocyte membrane fatty acids to change in parallel with those seen in plasma. a study was conducted to determine if this same relationship existed in patients that were not diagnosed as having efad. three subjects maintained on parenteral nutrition were given 500 milliliters of a safflower oil emulsion twice weekly for 14 days. plasma and red blood cell membrane fatty acids were determined before an ...	1982	6809975
studies on the efficacy of a new 20% fat emulsion in pediatric parenteral nutrition.	a new 20% safflower oil emulsion was studied in a small series of pediatric patients. eight infants and children were evaluated over a 2-week period. the 20% fat emulsion supplied a major portion of daily caloric requirements. no serious side effects or toxicity were noted. no major changes in blood chemistries were observed; however, a statistically significant increase in serum albumin was noted. in addition, 63% of the patients gained weight during the study. this investigation supports the c ...	1982	6809978
the effect of two intravenous fat emulsions and their components on bilirubin binding to albumin.	the effect of two intravenous lipid emulsions on the binding of bilirubin to albumin was investigated in vitro. various concentrations of a soybean (intralipid) or a safflower (liposyn) oil emulsion in 0.48 mm albumin were assayed for changed in bilirubin displacement using sephadex g-25 gel filtration and for alternations of albumin reserve binding capacity by a novel difference spectroscopy technique. two major components of the emulsions, glycerol and egg phosphatides, were also assayed by di ...	1982	6810688
a clinical evaluation of safflower oil emulsion in total parenteral nutrition.	a new intravenous safflower oil emulsion (liposyn, abbott) was administered to 23 patients receiving total parenteral nutrition. in a prospective clinical trial, 500 ml of the 10% emulsion was administered each day for a minimum of 10 days. plasma fatty acid estimations showed a rise in linoleic acid in 22 patients, and a fall in triene/tetraene ratio ( a guide to the presence of essential fatty acid deficiency), in 17 patients within four days of commencement of the infusion. administration of ...	1982	6812458
suppression of rat liver fatty acid synthesis by eicosa-5,8,11,14-tetraynoic acid without a reduction in lipogenic enzymes.	in meal-fed rats supplementation of safflower oil (5 g per 100 g diet) to a fat-free basal diet resulted in the characteristic suppression of liver fatty acid synthetase and acetyl-coa carboxylase activities, which was accompanied by a 60% decrease in the rate of hepatic fatty acid synthesis. the decline in activity of these lipogenic enzymes was completely prevented by adding 0.05% eicosa-5,8,11,14-tetraynoic acid (tya) to the safflower oil diet. fatty acid analysis of the livers indicated that ...	1982	6123562
fatty acid synthetase of spinacia oleracea leaves.	the molecular organization of fatty acid synthetase system in spinach (spinacia oleracea l. var. viroflay) leaves was examined by a procedure similar to that employed for the safflower system (carthamus tinctorius var. uc-1). the crude extract contained all the component activities (acetyl-coa:acp transacylase, malonyl-coa:acp transacylase, beta-ketoacyl-acp synthetase, beta-ketoacyl-acp reductase, beta-hydroxyacyl-acp dehydrase, and enoyl-acp reductase [i]) involved in the synthesis of fatty ac ...	1982	16662382
solubilization and characterization of an acyl-coenzyme a : o-lysophospholipid acyltransferase from the microsomes of developing safflower seeds.	acyl-coa:o-lysophospholipid acyltransferase activity was measured in extracts of developing safflower (carthamus tinctorius var. uc-1) seeds. acyltransferase activity was present in all subcellular fractions. the microsomal acyltransferase activity was solubilized with either 30 mm-n-octylglucoside, 1% deoxycholate, or 100 mum lysophosphatidylcholine. the ph optimum of the lysophosphatidylcholine-dependent acyltransferase activity was at 9.0. among the various acyl-coa's tested, oleoyl-coa was t ...	1982	16662389
oxygen-dependent aging of seeds.	when seeds of soybeans (glycine max amsoy var.) or safflower were stored under high o(2) concentrations, their per cent germination declined rapidly. for example, soybean seeds stored under 7.7 atmospheres o(2) pressure at 25 degrees c and 17% moisture lost all viability within 22 days, whereas under 7.7 atmospheres n(2), the per cent germination remained greater than 80%. germination decreased continually in o(2) pressures ranging from 0 to 7.7 atmospheres. high levels of o(2), moisture, or tem ...	1982	16662577
acyl group composition of lipids and the activities of (na+ + k+)-atpase, 5'-nucleotidase and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase in salivary glands and kidneys of rats fed diets containing different dietary fats.	two nutritional models, an essential fatty acid deficiency model and the feeding of saturated versus unsaturated fats, were used in a feeding study in order to assess the relationship between tissue fatty acid composition and the activities of some membrane-associated enzymes. purified diets containing 7% hydrogenated coconut oil, 7% corn oil, 10% safflower oil or butter were fed to rats for a total of 49 weeks (1 week of pregnancy, 3 weeks of lactation and 45 weeks post-weaning). tissue homogen ...	1983	6134556
tissue content and metabolism of myo-inositol in normal and lipodystrophic gerbils.	experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of diet and sex difference on the development of an intestinal lipodystrophy due to myo-inositol deficiency. tissue contents of free and lipid-bound myo-inositol as well as the activities of l-myo-inositol-l-phosphate synthase (ec 5.5.1.4) and phosphatase (ec 3.1.3.25), and myo-inositol oxygenase (ec 1.13.99.1) were determined in male and female gerbils under various conditions. the enzyme study proved that the essentiality of dietary myo-inosito ...	1983	6822903
the role of the acyl-coa pool in the synthesis of polyunsaturated 18-carbon fatty acids and triacylglycerol production in the microsomes of developing safflower seeds.	microsomes isolated from the developing cotyledons of the seeds of the safflower varieties, very-high-linoleate, gila and high-oleate, were capable of exchanging the acyl groups in acyl-coa with the fatty acids in position 2 of phosphatidylcholine. the specificity of the 'acyl-exchange' towards the acyl moiety in acyl-coa was selective in the order: oleate greater than linoleate greater than linolenate. stearoyl-coa was completely selected against when presented in a mixed substrate with unsatur ...	1983	6860695
essential fatty acids in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of multiple sclerosis patients.	statistical evaluation of essential fatty acids (determined by gas chromatography) in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with definite ms and acute cct showed marked differences as compared to healthy subjects. it was also evident that the decrease of essential fatty acids in ms patients differed from that of cct patients. whereas the fatty acid levels in the serum of ms patients revealed only minor differences as compared to the controls and cct patients, ms patients did show a clear ...	1983	6868953
the effect of aspirin and linoleic acid on platelet aggregation, platelet fatty acid composition and haemostasis in man.	the effect of linoleic acid and of aspirin on platelet aggregation has been measured in six healthy volunteers with a new platelet aggregometer (wellcome) designed to be used with whole blood. the subjects were given a controlled diet for 6 weeks during which their platelet aggregation, platelet fatty acid composition, dilute blood clot lysis time, bleeding time and serum cholesterol and triglycerides were measured. a basal diet typical of that normally eaten in the uk was fed for 3 weeks, then ...	1983	6874413
effects of dietary trans-fat on biliary and fecal steroid excretion and serum lipoproteins in rats.	rats were fed cholesterol-free or cholesterol-enriched diets containing olive oil or partially hydrogenated corn oil at the 10% level for ca. 30 days (c-18:1, 77.0% in the former diet and c-18:1,24.7% and t-18:1,42.5% in the latter). the linoleic acid content of these fat diets was made equivalent (1.7 energy %). after feeding cholesterol-free diets, trans fat compared to cis fat showed (a) no untoward effects on growth parameters, (b) a reduction of serum cholesterol levels without influencing ...	1983	6877041
the effect of saturation, chain length of pure triglycerides, and age of bird on the utilization of rye diets.	four experiments were conducted with growing chicks to study the effects on performance and fat absorption of feeding rye and wheat diets supplemented with fats of different chain length and degree of saturation. in experiment 1 it was shown that there was a much greater decrease in feed intake and fat absorption when tallow replaced safflower oil in the diets of chicks fed rye as compared to those fed wheat-based diets. experiment 2 established the effects on chick performance of supplementing ...	1983	6878135
isoproterenol-induced mortality and cardiac lipids of aspirin-pretreated rats with various fat intakes.	the effect of altering cardiac concentrations of precursors and inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis by varying fat intake was determined in rats injected with the cardiotoxic drug isoproterenol, following pretreatment with aspirin or potassium phosphate buffer solution. prior to injection, four groups of rats were fed either a low-fat diet (3.7 energy percent coconut oil or 3.7 energy percent safflower oil) or a high-fat diet (3.7 energy percent safflower oil-36.4 energy percent coconut oil mi ...	1983	6878735
diet fat influences liver plasma-membrane lipid composition and glucagon-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity.	rats were fed diets that differed in fatty acid composition or in the proportion of energy derived from fat to determine if alteration of dietary fat intake influences the structural lipid composition of liver plasma membrane and the expression of an associated hormone-receptor-mediated function. weanling rats were fed 9% (w/w) or 20% (w/w) low-erucic acid rape-seed oil or 9% (w/w) soya-bean oil for 24 days. plasma membranes were isolated and the effect of diet fat on the fatty acid composition ...	1983	6882386
effect of dietary fats on the lipid composition and enzyme activities of rat cardiac sarcolemma.	the effect of dietary lipids on the lipid composition and the activities of some enzymes of cardiac sarcolemma were studied. feeding rats coconut oil--rich diet for 4 weeks resulted in a significant decrease in 5'-nucleotidase, phosphodiesterase i and p-nitrophenylphosphatase activity of cardiac sarcolemma as compared with feeding rats safflower oil. sarcolemma from animals fed coconut oil diet contained a significantly lower concentration of total polyunsaturated fatty acids and a higher concen ...	1983	6886831
effect of dietary triglycerides on lymphocyte transformation in rats.	weanling rats were fed casein-based diets containing purified and mixed triglycerides to evaluate the effect of these lipids on mitogen-induced lymphocyte transformation, lymphoid organ weights, and fatty acid profiles of the total lipid in plasma, spleen, and thymus. test lipids were added at a level of 8 g per 100 g of diet. all diets contained 0.82 g of safflower oil per 100 g. the digestibility coefficients for tristearin, tripalmitin, and trimyristin were 20, 37, and 85%, respectively. dige ...	1983	6600786
cultural control of the root nematodes pratylenchus indicus in rice through crop rotations.	pratylenchus indicus nematodes cause damage to the roots of rice plants, which may lead to considerable yield reductions. in field trials with six different rice-based rotations it was tested whether the inclusion of other crops into the rotation can influence the population of pratylenchus indicus. investigation of soil samples and roots showed that rice, safflower, and tobacco increased the nematodes, whereas fallowing or growing phaseolus radiatus l. decreased them.	1983	6626134
acute toxicity of some silver salts of sulfonamides in mice and the efficacy of penicillamine in silver.	the silver salt of 2-metanilamido-5-chloropyrimidine (agmcp) and the sodium, amminosilver and trimethylphosphite-silver salts of 3',5'-dichlorobenzenesulfonanilide (nadbs, agnh3dbs and agp(och3)3dbs were synthesized as possible antibiotic of antiparasitic drugs. all the organosilver compounds were extremely water-insoluble. for animal studies these, and other reference compounds, were given as fine suspensions in an emulphor-safflower oil mixture. the ip ld50's in mice in mmol/kg were: 1.67 for ...	1983	6628259
hepatic fatty acids and acyl desaturases in rats: effects of dietary carbohydrate and essential fatty acids.	for a 9-week period, six groups of weanling male rats were fed either a fat-free diet or a diet containing 10% hydrogenated coconut oil (hco) or 10% safflower oil (saf), respectively. each of these diets contained either glucose or sucrose as the only carbohydrate. in the fat-free diets, the carbohydrate level was 67.3% and in the fat-supplemented diets 44.8%. including hco in the fat-free diet did not significantly alter hepatic 5-, 6-, and 9-desaturase activity, whereas addition of saf signifi ...	1983	6631540
cerebral infarction improved by safflower treatment.	the effect of safflower on cerebral infarction was studied in 152 mongolian gerbils. sixty-three animals were evaluated neurological deficit over 8 hours postoperation, then sacrificed and ne, da and 5-ht contents of each cerebral hemisphere and brain stem were determined. ne, da and 5-ht of hemisphere ipsilateral to the ligated artery in untreated animals declined significantly compared with sham-operated animals and safflower-treated gerbils. there was no significant difference between safflow ...	1983	6660215
bacterial and fungal growth in intravenous fat emulsions.	growth of bacterial and fungal organisms in i.v. fat emulsions was studied. a total of 81 isolates of 15 bacterial and fungal strains were used to inoculate (in test tubes) 10% soybean oil emulsion (intralipid, cutter laboratories), 10% safflower oil emulsion (liposyn, abbott laboratories), trypticase soya broth, and 0.9% sodium chloride at about 2500 organisms/ml. duplicate samples and negative controls were prepared. samples were handled under two procedures after inoculation: (1) initially re ...	1983	6660230
regulation of cholesterol synthesis in jejunal absorptive cells of the rat.	cholesterol metabolism was studied in jejunal mucosa of the rat with special emphasis on cholesterol synthesis of villous cells, the site of intestinal lipid absorption. the type of diet and nutritional state clearly affected the cholesterologenesis of villous cells. consequently, the incorporation of 14c-acetate into nonsaponifiable lipids (nsl; includes squalene and sterols) decreased in the following order of magnitude: 1) fat-free diet supplemented with safflower oil (ffd-so), 2) ffd alone, ...	1983	6673071
effect of high fat and iron levels on the growth and mortality of chickens.	four experiments were conducted with chicks to determine whether the heating of vegetable oil and its contamination with iron might have detrimental effects upon its use in chicken diets. soybean oil and safflower oil heated at 230 c for 51 hr and linseed oil heated at 240 c for 24 hr gave reduced growth when fed to chickens at 20 percent of the diet. heating soybean oil at 175 c for 51 hr had no detrimental effect. however, iron at 5000 ppm depressed growth significantly when fed in a low fat d ...	1983	6681900
triglyceride and fatty acid clearance in neonates following safflower oil emulsion infusion.	fifteen neonates requiring parenteral nutrition with lipid emulsion were given a 1.0 g/kg dose of safflower oil emulsion to evaluate triglyceride (tgy) and free fatty acid clearance. the dose was infused intravenously over 4 hr, and serum was obtained at 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hr. peak serum tgy averaged 592 mg/dl for the appropriate for gestational age newborns and 606 mg/dl for the small for gestational age babies. the small for gestational age neonates had significantly higher serum free fatty aci ...	1983	6683332
hypertriglyceridemia during the intravenous infusion of a safflower oil-based fat emulsion.		1983	6685759
the influence of linoleic acid intake on the kinetics of adenine nucleotide translocase.	dietary enrichment of mitochondrial polyenoic fatty acid content was associated with increased respiratory activity (abuirmeileh and elson). the influence of the membrane lipid composition on the adenine nucleotide translocase (adnt) was studied in rats that were fed diets formulated with beef tallow (bt) to provide low or safflower oil (so) to provide high contents of linoleic acid. the phosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylethanolamine ratio was 40% higher in the so mitochondria due primarily to an ...	1983	6302433
acyl group distributions in tissue lipids of rats fed evening primrose oil (gamma -linolenic plus linoleic acid) or soybean oil (alpha-linolenic plus linoleic acid).	three groups of rats were fed diets with either 10 weight percent (wt%) of evening primrose oil, safflower oil or soybean oil for 11 weeks. diets contained 7.1 wt% linoleic acid + 0.8 wt% gamma-linolenic acid, 7.6 wt% linoleic acid, or 5.3 wt% linoleic acid + 0.7 wt% alpha-linolenic acid, respectively. in liver mitochondria as well as in heart, dietary gamma-linolenic acid did not affect the fatty acid profiles of phosphatidylcholines (pc), phosphatidylethanolamines (pe) or cardiolipins (cl), wh ...	1983	6318009
detection of lewis a antigenic determinants in chinese medicinal herbs.	two chinese medicinal herbs, leonurus sibiricus l. and carthamus tinctorius l., were found to have high levels of lewis a (lea)-like determinants. the water-soluble extracts specifically inhibited hemagglutination, hemolysis, and lymphocyte cytotoxicity directed against lea. they did not inhibit leb nor other specificities detected on lymphocytes, resulting from the interaction of lewis, secretor, and abo systems such as a1leb and a1led. the activity was nondialyzable, resistant to boiling and p ...	1983	6195819
the effect of ten and twenty per cent safflower oil emulsion given as thirty to fifty per cent of total calories.	in a prospective study of seven patients undergoing operations, 10 and 20 per cent safflower oil emulsions were found to be safe and effective as a major component of adult parenteral nutrition. specifically, clinically important adverse effects of the emulsions as monitored by clinical evaluation and screening hematologic and blood chemistry determinations were not identified. further, an extensive coagulation profile in these patients has failed to identify procoagulant effects of parenteral s ...	1983	6403994
testosterone administration to mares during estrus: duration of estrus and diestrus and concentrations of lh and fsh in plasma.	to study the possible role of ovarian androgens in regulation of follicle stimulating hormone (fsh) secretion in the cycling mare, five mature, intact mares were treated with testosterone (20 micrograms/kg of body weight) daily during estrus; five control mares received safflower oil on the same schedule. mares were teased for estrus and samples of jugular blood were drawn daily through one full estrous cycle. concentrations of fsh in plasma were measured by a newly developed radioimmunoassay ba ...	1983	6406417
comparative study of clearance of 10% and 20% fat emulsion.	the rate of fat emulsion clearance from the blood of 10 healthy adult male volunteers administered 0.1 gram of fat per kilogram body weight as 10% or 20% safflower oil emulsion (liposyn) was studied. the subjects were hospitalized for 2 days and each was given the predetermined amount of one of the two fat emulsions (10% or 20%) by rapid injection into a peripheral vein and the rate of clearance of the emulsion determined over a 60-minute period, beginning when half of the emulsion had been inje ...	1983	6406698
role of linoleate as an essential fatty acid for the cat independent of arachidonate synthesis.	to determine the essential fatty acid (efa) requirements of the cat, specific pathogen-free kittens were fed either a linoleate-deficient diet or one of two diets containing 5% safflower seed oil (sso) with or without 0.2% tuna oil. the diets were fed for 82-101 weeks beginning at 3 months of age. the results showed that linoleate is an essential fatty acid for the cat. linoleate deficiency resulted in reduced feed efficiency (in males), high rates of transepidermal water loss, poor skin and coa ...	1983	6408230
the effect of intravenous safflower oil emulsion on the clotting mechanism.	a new fat emulsion for intravenous use, derived from safflower oil (abbott laboratories), was studied. the clotting mechanism was compared with a battery of tests performed during the infusion of total parenteral nutrition (tpn) using glucose alone and during infusion of tpn using both glucose and fat. five adult surgical patients underwent tpn with 7.0 per cent amino acid solution for ten days, receiving glucose as their only nonprotein calorie source on days one, two, nine, and ten (40 kcal/kg ...	1983	6412610
effects of intravenously administered safflower oil emulsion on respiratory gas exchange of low-birth-weight infants.	safflower oil emulsion (liposyn 10%) was infused intravenously to supplement energy intake in five low-birth-weight infants. respiratory gas exchange was measured before and after the addition of fat emulsion in doses of 1-2 g of fat/kg/day to an intravenous feeding regimen of dextrose and amino acids. the oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production rates were greater during fat infusion in all infants, but the mean respiratory quotient was not different. the increase in energy intake provi ...	1983	6413670
microbial growth patterns in intravenous fat emulsions.	microbial growth patterns were studied in intravenous fat emulsions under conditions that simulated touch contamination before or during administration. commercially available emulsions of 10% and 20% soybean oil and 10% safflower oil in 500-ml bottles were inoculated with two concentrations of each of four organisms: a coagulase-negative staphylococcus isolated from a venipuncture site, escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and candida albicans. the bottles were kept at room temperature, an ...	1983	6416063
effects of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone and estradiol on gonadotropin release after gonadotropin releasing hormone administration in cyclic mares.	sixteen intact cyclic mares were treated on the fourth day of estrus and then every other day for a total of six injections with 1) testosterone propionate, 2) dihydrotestosterone (dht) benzoate, 3) estradiol (e2) benzoate or 4) safflower oil. mares were given gonadotropin releasing hormone (gnrh) on day 3 of estrus (pretreatment) and again 24 h after the last steroid or oil injection. treatment with testosterone propionate resulted in a greater (p less than 0.05) follicle-stimulating hormone (f ...	1983	6416322
e-rosette formation, total t-cells, and lymphocyte transformation in infants receiving intravenous safflower oil emulsion.	there has been much concern about impaired immune function in children receiving infused lipid emulsions. immunologic studies were carried out on 15 infants maintained on parenteral nutrition with intravenous safflower oil emulsion as part of the infusate. significant increases in percentage rosette formation, total circulating t-cells, and mitogenesis to phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen were demonstrated after only 1 wk of lipid infusion. additional parenteral nutrition did not further i ...	1983	6418909
studies of the absorption and enterohepatic circulation of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene in the rat.	this study was undertaken to examine intraluminal factors which might alter the bioavailability of an orally ingested hydrocarbon carcinogen, 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, and to assess the extent of its enterohepatic circulation. rats with biliary and duodenal fistulae were administered radiolabelled hydrocarbon dissolved in olive oil, safflower oil, or medium-chain triglyceride only or with exogenous bile. subsequent biliary excretion and plasma levels of radiolabel were monitored. luminal b ...	1983	6420027
ventilatory drive in normal man during semistarvation.	the effects of reduced caloric intake on ventilatory drive were investigated in normal volunteers. during a ten-day semistarvation period, six subjects (group 1) received parenterally an amino acid solution providing 550 kcal/d sufficient to prevent a negative nitrogen balance. six subjects (group 2) received in addition a safflower oil solution providing a total caloric intake of 1,100 kcal/d. hypoxic ventilatory drive was estimated by an index (parameter a) of the relation between minute venti ...	1984	6420117
protein dynamics during refeeding of protein-depleted rats: effects of increasing amino acid intake by tpn or enteral continuous feeding.	the effect of increasing nitrogen intake with constant calorie supply was studied in protein-depleted rats. animals were randomized into three paired groups to receive either total parenteral nutrition (tpn) or enteral (ef) isocaloric feedings (240 kcal x kg-1 x day-1) differing only in their amount of amino acids. the diets, composed of dextrose, a safflower oil emulsion and crystalline amino acids, were infused continuously for 5 days. daily nitrogen intakes were for controls (ef, n = 7; tpn, ...	1984	6420525
protein metabolism during total parenteral nutrition (tpn) in injured rats using medium-chain triglycerides.	there are metabolic limitations to the infusion of large quantities of dextrose in critically ill patients receiving total parenteral nutrition. of the alternative, nonprotein lipid sources, medium chain triglycerides (carbon chain length 8 and 10) are more rapidly oxidized and are deposited in the adipose tissue at rates much less than long chain triglycerides. in rats with burn injury receiving hypocaloric (dextrose and amino acids) parenteral feeding, we studied the changes in protein metabol ...	1984	6434897
structured medium-chain and long-chain triglyceride emulsions are superior to physical mixtures in sparing body protein in the burned rat.	the present study was undertaken to compare the effectiveness of a physical mixture of long-chain and medium-chain triglycerides with an emulsion consisting of chemically synthesized triglycerides composed of medium-chain and long-chain fatty acids in similar proportions. sprague-dawley rats received a 25% body surface area full-thickness scald burn on the dorsum. for the next three days, all rats received 300 kcal/kg/day as 160 kcal/kg/day glucose, 50 kcal/kg/day amino acid, and an additional 9 ...	1984	6434898
sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase in a particulate fraction from maturing safflower seeds.	the properties of the acyl-coa:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate o-acyltransferase in a 20,000g particulate fraction from maturing safflower seeds were investigated. the optimum ph of the reaction was 7.2. the apparent km for glycerophosphate was 0.54 mm. only monoacylglycerophosphate was accumulated in the particulate fraction under normal conditions. position 1 of glycerophosphate was exclusively esterified with either palmitoyl-coa or linoleoyl-coa as acyl donor, while 2-acylglycerophosphate was the mi ...	1984	6465892
the effect of the saturation and isomerization of dietary fatty acids on the osmotic fragility and water diffusional permeability of rat erythrocytes.	weanling rats were fed semi-purified diets containing 15% by weight of either corn oil, a high oleic acid safflower oil, lard or hydrogenated soybean oil. significant changes in the fatty acid composition of erythrocytes were induced by these dietary fats. the compositional changes did not effect water diffusional permeability, but did affect their osmotic fragility. an increased fragility appeared to be associated with an increased octadecenoate content of the membranes.	1984	6466669
the effect of dietary fat saturation on plasma and hepatic lipoproteins in the rat.	semipurified diets containing 10% kilocalories from either safflower oil (so), corn oil (co), olive oil (oo) or palm oil (po) were fed to weanling male rats for 2 weeks. the effects of dietary fat saturation on plasma lipids and lipoproteins were: 1) nonfasted plasma cholesterol concentration was higher in rats fed oo (mean +/- sem = 81.0 +/- 2.9 mg/dl) vs. co (67.5 +/- 2.9); 2) plasma chylomicron cholesterol concentration was higher in rats fed oo vs. so and co, with po values in between; and 3 ...	1984	6470824
effect of dietary fat on lipid secretion and ketone body production in rat liver.	perfused livers from rats fed different fats were used to examine the effect of dietary fat on the rat of hepatic lipoprotein synthesis and fatty acid metabolism. dietary fats (10% level) used were safflower oil (18:2), camellia oil (18:1) and tristearin (18:0). the results were compared with those obtained from rats fed on a low-fat diet (1% safflower oil). when no oleate substrate was infused, triglyceride secretion rates were approximately the same among the different fat groups. infusion of ...	1984	6470833
the effect of hypolipidemic drugs on plant lipid metabolism.	the effect of hypolipidemic drugs, wy14643 and dh990, on plant lipid metabolism has been studied. the total incorporation of [14c]acetate into lipids was inhibited by addition of both drugs to aged potato (solanum tuberosum) tuber discs, spinach (spinacia oleracea) leaves, and spinach chloroplasts, while the incorporation in chlorella vulgaris cells was affected only by dh990. moreover, dh990 inhibited the incorporation of 14c-labeled fatty acids into phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanola ...	1984	6486826
evidence for the reversibility of the acyl-coa:lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase in microsomal preparations from developing safflower (carthamus tinctorius l.) cotyledons and rat liver.	acyl exchange between acyl-coa and position 2 of sn-phosphatidylcholine occurs in the microsomal preparations of developing safflower cotyledons. evidence is presented to show that the acyl exchange is catalysed by the combined back and forward reactions of an acyl-coa:lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase (ec 2.3.1.23). the back reaction of the enzyme was demonstrated by the stimulation of the acyl exchange with free coa and by the observation that the added coa was acylated with acyl groups ...	1984	6497849
the effects of dietary cholesterol on blood and liver polyunsaturated fatty acids and on plasma cholesterol in rats fed various types of fatty acid diet.	male rats were fed on a fat-free diet for 8 weeks and then switched to diets containing 10% hydrogenated coconut oil (hco), safflower oil (sfo) or evening primrose oil (epo). half of each group was also given 1% of cholesterol in the diet. after 5 further weeks, plasma, red cell and liver fatty acids were measured in the various lipid fractions. plasma and liver cholesterol also were estimated. in almost all fractions and on all three diets, feeding cholesterol led to accumulation of the substra ...	1984	6503628
[effect of carthamus tinctorius co. injection on the changes in blood rheology after surgery].		1984	6237793
[pharmacological studies of a chinese medicinal herb--carthamus tinctorius].		1984	6241541
the influence of dietary isomeric and saturated fatty acids on atherosclerosis and eicosanoid synthesis in swine.	weanling swine were fed for 6 months high fat diets containing as fat source, a high oleic acid safflower oil, lard, or a partially hydrogenated soybean oil blended with soybean oil. the extent of atherosclerosis in left coronary arteries and the ability of vascular components to synthesize eicosanoids important for blood clotting were determined. there was no significant difference (p greater than 0.05) in the extent of atherosclerosis or the synthesis of thromboxane a2. significant effects wer ...	1984	6364773
a novel, general radioimmunoassay for acyl carrier proteins.	a radioimmunoassay (ria) for acyl carrier proteins (acp) is described that is based on the competitive binding between [3h]acyl-acp and unlabeled acp of the same species. the radiolabeled antigen, [3h]palmitoyl-acp, is enzymatically synthesized by escherichia coli acyl-acp synthetase. because acyl-acp synthetase can specifically radiolabel acp in crude extracts from several plant sources, the use of this enzyme to prepare [3h]acyl-acp obviates the need for pure preparations of each acp. preparat ...	1984	6372545
microbial growth comparisons of five commercial parenteral lipid emulsions.	the ability of parenteral lipid emulsions to support microbial growth was compared using commercially available brands of lipid emulsion. both 10 and 20% concentrations of soybean and safflower oil emulsions were used. washed cultures of six gram-negative, three gram-positive, and one yeast, in concentrations of 1 x 10(4) to 2 x 10(4) colony-forming units/ml, were inoculated into lipid emulsion aliquots and stored at room temperature. there were than subcultured at 0, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hr. after ...	1984	6379217
an inhibitory effect of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids on renin secretion in the isolated perfused rat kidney.	the influence of dietary modification of polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa) on renin secretion, renal vascular tone and prostanoid excretion was studied in isolated perfused rat kidneys under basal conditions and in response to angiotensin ii. after a four-week regimen of diets enriched with safflower oil, linseed oil or saturated fat, providing 20% of total energy intake (20 energy %), the animals which were fed linseed oil showed a significant fall in the proportion of arachidonic acid in rena ...	1984	6397528
pituitary content of gonadotropins and receptors for gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) and hypothalamic content of gnrh during the periovulatory period of the ewe.	studies were undertaken to determine if the number of hypophyseal receptors for gnrh changes at the time of the preovulatory surge of lh in ewes. concentrations of lh, fsh, progesterone, and estradiol in serum and concentrations of lh and fsh in pituitary were measured. the content of gnrh in the hypothalamus was also determined. estrus was synchronized in 35 cross-bred ewes by injecting prostaglandin f2 alpha (pgf2 alpha) at 0 and 4 h (7.5 mg each, im) on day 14 of a naturally occurring estrous ...	1984	6317346
the effect of hypolipidemic drugs wy14643 and dh990, and lysophospholipids on the metabolism of oleate in plants.	the effects of the addition of hypolipidemic drugs and 1-acylglycerolipids on the metabolism of oleate in plants have been studied in vivo and in vitro. using aged potato slices with [14c]oleate as a precursor, it was found that these drugs markedly inhibited both the incorporation into complex lipids and the desaturation of oleate to linoleate. moreover, in vitro experiments, carried out with microsomes prepared from developing safflower seeds and [14c]oleate or [14c]oleoyl-coa as precursors, c ...	1984	6696430
the adaptive effects of dietary fish and safflower oil on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in perfused rat liver.	to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the plasma triacylglycerol-lowering effects of certain fish oils, livers from male rats fed either a standard commercial diet (controls) or diets supplemented with 15% (w/w) fish or safflower oils were perfused with undiluted rat blood. rates of hepatic lipogenesis, measured by the incorporation of 3h2o into fatty acids, followed the order: control greater than safflower oil greater than fish oil. secretion of newly synthesized fatty acids in very-low-densi ...	1984	6696922
the saturation and isomerization of dietary fatty acids and the respiratory properties of rat heart mitochondria.	weanling rats were fed semi-purified diets containing 15% by weight of either corn oil, a high oleic acid safflower oil, lard or hydrogenated soybean oil. significant changes in the fatty acid composition of heart mitochondrial preparations were induced by these dietary fats. despite these changes in membrane composition, no effects on the respiratory properties of the mitochondria were observed. these results suggest that mitochondrial membranes adapt to changes in dietary fatty acids in a way ...	1984	6696943