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allele-specific marker development and selection efficiencies for both flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase and flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase genes in soybean subgenus soja.color is one of the phenotypic markers mostly used to study soybean (glycine max l. merr.) genetic, molecular and biochemical processes. two p450-dependent mono-oxygenases, flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (f3'h; ec1.14.3.21) and flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase (f3'5'h, ec1.14.13.88), both catalyzing the hydroxylation of the b-ring in flavonoids, play an important role in coloration. previous studies showed that the t locus was a gene encoding f3'h and the w1 locus co-segregated with a gene encoding f3'5'h ...201323463490
genomic differences between cultivated soybean, g. max and its wild relative g. soja.glycine max is an economically important crop and many different varieties of soybean exist around the world. the first draft sequences and gene models of g. max (domesticated soybean) as well as g. soja (wild soybean), both became available in 2010. this opened the door for comprehensive comparative genomics studies between the two varieties.201323368680
qtl affecting fitness of hybrids between wild and cultivated soybeans in experimental fields.the objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (qtl) affecting fitness of hybrids between wild soybean (glycine soja) and cultivated soybean (glycine max). seed dormancy and seed number, both of which are important for fitness, were evaluated by testing artificial hybrids of g. soja × g. max in a multiple-site field trial. generally, the fitness of the f1 hybrids and hybrid derivatives from self-pollination was lower than that of g. soja due to loss of seed dormancy, whereas ...201323919159
a platform for soybean molecular breeding: the utilization of core collections for food security.soybean is an important crop not only for human consumption but also for its addition of nitrogen to the soil during crop rotation. china has the largest collection of cultivated soybeans (glycine max) and wild soybeans (glycine soja) all over the world. the platform of soybean core, mini core and integrated applied core collections has been developed in the past decade based on systematic researches which included the sampling strategies, statistical methods, phenotypic data and ssr markers. me ...201323708950
development and evaluation of soysnp50k, a high-density genotyping array for soybean.the objective of this research was to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) and to develop an illumina infinium beadchip that contained over 50,000 snps from soybean (glycine max l. merr.). a total of 498,921,777 reads 35-45 bp in length were obtained from dna sequence analysis of reduced representation libraries from several soybean accessions which included six cultivated and two wild soybean (g. soja sieb. et zucc.) genotypes. these reads were mapped to the soybean whole genome sequ ...201323372807
expression of wild soybean wrky20 in arabidopsis enhances drought tolerance and regulates aba signalling.the wrky-type transcription factors are involved in plant development and stress responses, but how the regulation of stress tolerance is related to plant development is largely unknown. gswrky20 was initially identified as a stress response gene using large-scale glycine soja microarrays. quantitative reverse transcription-pcr (qrt-pcr) showed that the expression of this gene was induced by abscisic acid (aba), salt, cold, and drought. overexpression of gswrky20 in arabidopsis resulted in a dec ...201323606412
a glycine soja aba-responsive receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase, gsrlck, positively controls plant tolerance to salt and drought stresses.receptor such as protein kinases are proposed to work as sensors to initiate signaling cascades in higher plants. however, little is known about the precise functions of receptor such as protein kinases in abiotic stress response in plants, especially in wild soybean. here, we focused on characterization of the biological functions of a receptor-like cytoplasmic serine/threonine protein kinase gene, gsrlck, which was previously identified as a putative salt-alkali stress-related gene from the tr ...201323494614
ectopic expression of a wrky homolog from glycine soja alters flowering time in arabidopsis.flowering is a critical event in the life cycle of plants; the wrky-type transcription factors are reported to be involved in many developmental processes sunch as trichome development and epicuticular wax loading, but whether they are involved in flowering time regulation is still unknown. within this study, we provide clear evidence that gswrky20, a member of wrky gene family from wild soybean, is involved in controlling plant flowering time. expression of gswrky20 was abundant in the shoot ti ...201323991184
overexpression of gszfp1 enhances salt and drought tolerance in transgenic alfalfa (medicago sativa l.).gszfp1 encodes a cys2/his2-type zinc-finger protein. in our previous study, when gszfp1 was heterologously expressed in arabidopsis, the transgenic arabidopsis plants exhibited enhanced drought and cold tolerance. however, it is still unknown whether gszfp1 is also involved in salt stress. gszfp1 is from the wild legume glycine soja. therefore, the aims of this study were to further elucidate the functions of the gszfp1 gene under salt and drought stress in the forage legume alfalfa and to inves ...201323867600
gssrk, a g-type lectin s-receptor-like serine/threonine protein kinase, is a positive regulator of plant tolerance to salt stress.receptor-like protein kinases (rlks) play vital roles in sensing outside signals, yet little is known about rlks functions and roles in stress signal perception and transduction in plants, especially in wild soybean. through the microarray analysis, gssrk was identified as an alkaline (nahco3)-responsive gene, and was subsequently isolated from glycine soja by homologous cloning. gssrk encodes a 93.22kda protein with a highly conserved serine/threonine protein kinase catalytic domain, a g-type l ...201323276523
physiological mechanisms for high salt tolerance in wild soybean (glycine soja) from yellow river delta, china: photosynthesis, osmotic regulation, ion flux and antioxidant capacity.glycine soja (bb52) is a wild soybean cultivar grown in coastal saline land in yellow river delta, china. in order to reveal the physiological mechanisms adapting to salinity, we examined photosynthesis, ion flux, antioxidant system and water status in glycine soja under nacl treatments, taking a cultivated soybean, zh13, as control. upon nacl exposure, higher relative water content and water potential were maintained in the leaf of bb52 than zh13, which might depend on the more accumulation of ...201324349468
[identification of calcium/calmodulin-binding receptor-like kinase gscbrlk-interactive proteins using yeast two-hybrid system].gscbrlk (calcium/calmodulin-binding receptor-like kinase from glycine soja) links aba (abscisic acid)- and salt-induced calcium/calmodulin signal in plant cells. in order to study the molecular mechanisms of gscblrk, the salt-treated glycine soja cdna library was screened with pbt3-ste-cbrlk as bait plasmid using yeast two hybrid system. two positive clones (snare and 14-3-3 protein) were identified by constructing cdna library of wild soybean under salt treatment, membrane system yeast two hybr ...201323575546
salinity tolerance in soybean is modulated by natural variation in gmsalt3.the identification of genes that improve the salt tolerance of crops is essential for the effective utilization of saline soils for agriculture. here, we use fine mapping in a soybean (glycine max (l.) merr.) population derived from the commercial cultivars tiefeng 8 and 85-140 to identify gmsalt3 (salt tolerance-associated gene on chromosome 3), a dominant gene associated with limiting the accumulation of sodium ions (na+) in shoots and a substantial enhancement in salt tolerance in soybean. gm ...201425292417
a novel glycine soja cysteine proteinase inhibitor gscpi14, interacting with the calcium/calmodulin-binding receptor-like kinase gscbrlk, regulated plant tolerance to alkali stress.it has been well demonstrated that cystatins regulated plant stress tolerance through inhibiting the cysteine proteinase activity under environmental stress. however, there was limited information about the role of cystatins in plant alkali stress response, especially in wild soybean. here, in this study, we focused on the biological characterization of a novel glycine soja cystatin protein gscpi14, which interacted with the calcium/calmodulin-binding receptor-like kinase gscbrlk and positively ...201424407891
gslrpk, a novel cold-activated leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinase from glycine soja, is a positive regulator to cold stress tolerance.plant lrr-rlks serve as protein interaction platforms, and as regulatory modules of protein activation. here, we report the isolation of a novel plant-specific lrr-rlk from glycine soja (termed gslrpk) by differential screening. gslrpk expression was cold-inducible and shows ser/thr protein kinase activity. subcellular localization studies using gfp fusion protein indicated that gslrpk is localized in the plasma membrane. real-time pcr analysis indicated that temperature, salt, drought, and aba ...201424388511
dt2 is a gain-of-function mads-domain factor gene that specifies semideterminacy in soybean.similar to arabidopsis thaliana, the wild soybeans (glycine soja) and many cultivars exhibit indeterminate stem growth specified by the shoot identity gene dt1, the functional counterpart of arabidopsis terminal flower1 (tfl1). mutations in tfl1 and dt1 both result in the shoot apical meristem (sam) switching from vegetative to reproductive state to initiate terminal flowering and thus produce determinate stems. a second soybean gene (dt2) regulating stem growth was identified, which, in the pre ...201425005919
a glycine soja 14-3-3 protein gsgf14o participates in stomatal and root hair development and drought tolerance in arabidopsis thaliana.it is well established that 14-3-3 proteins are key regulators of multiple stress signal transduction cascades. however, the biological functions of soybean 14-3-3 proteins, especially in plant drought response, are not yet known. in this study, we characterized a glycine soja 14-3-3 gene, gsgf14o, which is involved in plant development and drought response. gsgf14o expression was greatly induced by drought stress, as evidenced by the quantitative real-time pcr and β-glucuronidase (gus) activity ...201424272249
bradyrhizobium ottawaense sp. nov., a symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacterium from root nodules of soybeans in canada.sixteen strains of symbiotic bacteria from root nodules of glycine max grown in ottawa, canada, were previously characterized and placed in a novel group within the genus bradyrhizobium. to verify their taxonomic status, these strains were further characterized using a polyphasic approach. all strains possessed identical 16s rrna gene sequences that were 99.79 % similar to the closest relative, bradyrhizobium liaoningense lmg 18230(t). phylogenetic analysis of concatenated atpd, glnii, reca, gyr ...201424969302
[endophytic bacterial diversity of wild soybean (glycine soja) varieties with different resistance to soybean cyst nematode (heterodera glycines)].the aim of this study was to investigate endophytic bacterial diversity of wild soybean varieties with different resistance to soybean cyst nematode(heterodera glycines) , for deciphering the interactions of soybean cyst nematode with endophytic bacteria.201425345025
[influence of bean yellow mosaic virus on metabolism of photosynthetic pigments, proteins and carbohydrates in glycine soja l].this paper presents data on bymv effects on some physiological processes of glycine soja l. cultivated in the right-bank forest-steppe regions. pigment content (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids), soluble proteins and water soluble carbohydrates were estimated and, as has been shown, are subjected to significant changes as compared with control plants, namely: a decrease in the content of chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids was 64%, 53% and 36% compared with the control plants. the significant incre ...201424800515
molecular and biological characterization of an isolate of cucumber mosaic virus from glycine soja by generating its infectious full-genome cdna clones.molecular and biological characteristics of an isolate of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) from glycine soja (wild soybean), named as cmv-209, was examined in this study. comparison of nucleotide sequences and phylogenetic analyses of cmv-209 with the other cmv strains revealed that cmv-209 belonged to cmv subgroup i. however, cmv-209 showed some genetic distance from the cmv strains assigned to subgroup ia or subgroup ib. infectious full-genome cdna clones of cmv-209 were generated under the control ...201425288998
overexpression of gmcam4 in soybean enhances resistance to pathogens and tolerance to salt stress.plant diseases inflict heavy losses on soybean yield, necessitating an understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying biotic/abiotic stress responses. ca(2) (+) is an important universal messenger, and protein sensors, prominently calmodulins (cams), recognize cellular changes in ca(2) (+) in response to diverse signals. because the development of stable transgenic soybeans is laborious and time consuming, we used the bean pod mottle virus (bpmv)-based vector for rapid and efficient protei ...201424118726
pseudorecombination between two distinct strains of cucumber mosaic virus results in enhancement of symptom severity.recently, a cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) strain, named as cmv-209, was isolated from glycine soja. in this study, symptom expression of cmv-209 was analyzed in detail in nicotiana benthamiana by comparing with that of cmv-fny, which is a representative strain of cmv. using infectious cdna clones of cmv strains 209 and fny, symptom expression of various pseudorecombinants between these two strains were examined in the early and late infection stages. in the early infection stage, the pseudorecombi ...201425289019
distribution and diversity of rhizobia associated with wild soybean (glycine soja sieb. & zucc.) in northwest china.a total of 155 nodule isolates that originated from seven sites in northwest china were characterized by pcr-rflp of the 16s rrna gene and sequence analysis of multiple core genes (16s rrna, reca, atpd, and glnii) in order to investigate the diversity and biogeography of glycine soja-nodulating rhizobia. among the isolates, 80 were ensifer fredii, 19 were ensifer morelense, 49 were rhizobium radiobacter, and 7 were putative novel rhizobium species. the phylogenies of e. fredii and e. morelense i ...201425052953
identification of a novel salt tolerance gene in wild soybean by whole-genome sequencing.using a whole-genome-sequencing approach to explore germplasm resources can serve as an important strategy for crop improvement, especially in investigating wild accessions that may contain useful genetic resources that have been lost during the domestication process. here we sequence and assemble a draft genome of wild soybean and construct a recombinant inbred population for genotyping-by-sequencing and phenotypic analyses to identify multiple qtls relevant to traits of interest in agriculture ...201425004933
ectopic expression of gsppck3 and scmrp in medicago sativa enhances plant alkaline stress tolerance and methionine content.so far, it has been suggested that phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylases (pepcs) and pepc kinases (ppcks) fulfill several important non-photosynthetic functions. however, the biological functions of soybean ppcks, especially in alkali stress response, are not yet well known. in previous studies, we constructed a glycine soja transcriptional profile, and identified three ppck genes (gsppck1, gsppck2 and gsppck3) as potential alkali stress responsive genes. in this study, we confirmed the induced expre ...201424586886
soybean knowledge base (soykb): a web resource for integration of soybean translational genomics and molecular breeding.soybean knowledge base (http://soykb.org) is a comprehensive web resource developed for bridging soybean translational genomics and molecular breeding research. it provides information for six entities including genes/proteins, micrornas/srnas, metabolites, single nucleotide polymorphisms, plant introduction lines and traits. it also incorporates many multi-omics datasets including transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and molecular breeding data, such as quantitative trait loci, traits and ...201424136998
comparison of saponin composition and content in wild soybean (glycine soja sieb. and zucc.) before and after germination.eight wild soybean accessions with different saponin phenotypes were used to examine saponin composition and relative saponin quantity in various tissues of mature seeds and two-week-old seedlings by lc-pda/ms/ms. saponin composition and content were varied according to tissues and accessions. the average total saponin concentration in 1 g mature dry seeds of wild soybean was 16.08 ± 3.13 μmol. in two-week-old seedlings, produced from 1 g mature seeds, it was 27.94 ± 6.52 μmol. group a saponins ...201425127168
identification of quantitative trait loci controlling linolenic acid concentration in pi483463 (glycine soja).the qtls controlling alpha-linolenic acid concentration from wild soybean were mapped on nine soybean chromosomes with various phenotypic variations. new qtls for alpha-linolenic acid were detected in wild soybean. alpha-linolenic acid (ala) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid desired in human and animal diets. some wild soybean (glycine soja) genotypes are high in ala. the objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (qtls) controlling ala concentration in a wild soybean accessio ...201424794978
allelic variation of soybean flower color gene w4 encoding dihydroflavonol 4-reductase 2.flower color of soybean is primarily controlled by six genes, viz., w1, w2, w3, w4, wm and wp. this study was conducted to investigate the genetic and chemical basis of newly-identified flower color variants including two soybean mutant lines, 222-a-3 (near white flower) and e30-d-1 (light purple flower), a near-isogenic line (clark-w4), flower color variants (t321 and t369) descended from the w4-mutable line and kw4 (near white flower, glycine soja).201424602314
interactions between preparations containing female sex hormones and dietary supplements.an increasing number of premenopausal women use contraception whereas postmenopausal women use hormone replacement therapy (hrt). this long-term hormone therapy poses a high risk of interactions with dietary supplements. taking estrogens at the same time as selective estrogen receptor modulators (serms), biologically-active compounds of glycine soja, ginkgo biloba or pimpinella anisum, may distort the final effect of the hormone agent. on the other hand, estrogen therapy coupled with melatonin o ...201425166453
a comprehensive analysis of the cupin gene family in soybean (glycine max).cupin superfamily of proteins, including germin and germin-like proteins (glps) from higher plants, is known to play crucial roles in plant development and defense. to date, no systematic analysis has been conducted in soybean (glycine max) incorporating genome organization, gene structure, expression compendium. in this study, 69 putative cupin genes were identified from the whole-genome of soybean, which were non-randomly distributed on 17 of the 20 chromosomes. these gmcupin proteins were phy ...201425360675
de novo assembly of soybean wild relatives for pan-genome analysis of diversity and agronomic traits.wild relatives of crops are an important source of genetic diversity for agriculture, but their gene repertoire remains largely unexplored. we report the establishment and analysis of a pan-genome of glycine soja, the wild relative of cultivated soybean glycine max, by sequencing and de novo assembly of seven phylogenetically and geographically representative accessions. intergenomic comparisons identified lineage-specific genes and genes with copy number variation or large-effect mutations, som ...201425218520
comparative ecophysiological study of salt stress for wild and cultivated soybean species from the yellow river delta, china.osmotic and ionic stresses were the primary and instant damage produced by salt stress. they can also bring about other secondary stresses. soybean is an important economic crop and the wild soybean aroused increasing attention for its excellent performance in salt resistance. for this reason, we compared the different performances of glycine max l. (zh13) and glycine soja l. (bb52) in both young and mature seedlings, hoping to clarify the specific reasons. our research revealed that, compared t ...201424999494
exploration of presence/absence variation and corresponding polymorphic markers in soybean genome.this study was designed to reveal the genome-wide distribution of presence/absence variation (pav) and to establish a database of polymorphic pav markers in soybean. the 33 soybean whole-genome sequences were compared to each other with that of williams 82 as a reference genome. a total of 33,127 pavs were detected and 28,912 pav markers with their primer sequences were designed as the database njausoypav_1.0. the pavs scattered on whole genome while only 518 (1.8%) overlapped with simple sequen ...201424751174
major soybean maturity gene haplotypes revealed by snpviz analysis of 72 sequenced soybean genomes.in this genomics era, vast amounts of next-generation sequencing data have become publicly available for multiple genomes across hundreds of species. analyses of these large-scale datasets can become cumbersome, especially when comparing nucleotide polymorphisms across many samples within a dataset and among different datasets or organisms. to facilitate the exploration of allelic variation and diversity, we have developed and deployed an in-house computer software to categorize and visualize th ...201424727730
identification of active vq motif-containing genes and the expression patterns under low nitrogen treatment in soybean.plant vq motif-containing protein family plays crucial roles in plant growth, seed development, and defense responses in arabidopsis. however, its function in soybean is still not well defined. we aim to identify the vq gene family, and explore the genetic variation of active gmvq genes in soybean and their expression patterns under low nitrogen stresses. a total of 74 vq motif-containing genes were identified in soybean genome, and were clustered into five distinct subfamilies (gmvqi-v) with ea ...201424727126
role of physiological mechanisms and epsps gene expression in glyphosate resistance in wild soybeans (glycine soja).the physiological mechanisms underlying glyphosate resistance in wild soybean germplasm and relevant epsps gene expression were evaluated. these germplasms were selected by gradually increasing glyphosate selection pressure started from 2010. as indicated by a whole-plant dose response bioassay, zyd-254 plants were resistant to glyphosate at concentrations of 1230gaeha(-1), but the susceptible plants (zyd-16) were unable to survive in the presence of 300gaeha(-1) glyphosate. the ed50 values of r ...201424581379
population structure and domestication revealed by high-depth resequencing of korean cultivated and wild soybean genomes.despite the importance of soybean as a major crop, genome-wide variation and evolution of cultivated soybeans are largely unknown. here, we catalogued genome variation in an annual soybean population by high-depth resequencing of 10 cultivated and 6 wild accessions and obtained 3.87 million high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) after excluding the sites with missing data in any accession. nuclear genome phylogeny supported a single origin for the cultivated soybeans. we identified ...201424271940
association mapping of yield-related traits and ssr markers in wild soybean (glycine soja sieb. and zucc.).wild soybean, the progenitor of cultivated soybean, is an important gene pool for ongoing soybean breeding efforts. to identify yield-enhancing quantitative trait locus (qtl) or gene from wild soybean, 113 wild soybeans accessions were phenotyped for five yield-related traits and genotyped with 85 simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers to conduct association mapping. a total of 892 alleles were detected for the 85 ssr markers, with an average 10.49 alleles; the corresponding pic values ranged from ...201424757383
a thaumatin-like protein, rj4, controls nodule symbiotic specificity in soybean.soybeans exhibit a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with soil bacteria of the genera bradyrhizobium and ensifer/sinorhizobium in a unique organ, the root nodule. it is well known that nodulation of soybean is controlled by several host genes referred to as rj (rj) genes. among these genes, a dominant allele, rj4, restricts nodulation with specific bacterial strains such as b. elkanii usda61 and b. japonicum is-34. these incompatible strains fail to invade the host epidermal cells as revealed by observa ...201425059584
allelic combinations of soybean maturity loci e1, e2, e3 and e4 result in diversity of maturity and adaptation to different latitudes.soybean cultivars are extremely diverse in time to flowering and maturation as a result of various photoperiod sensitivities. the underlying molecular genetic mechanism is not fully clear, however, four maturity loci e1, e2, e3 and e4 have been molecularly identified. in this report, cultivars were selected with various photoperiod sensitivities from different ecological zones, which covered almost all maturity groups (mg) from mg 000 to mg viii and mg x adapted from latitude n 18° to n 53°. the ...201425162675
genome re-sequencing of semi-wild soybean reveals a complex soja population structure and deep introgression.semi-wild soybean is a unique type of soybean that retains both wild and domesticated characteristics, which provides an important intermediate type for understanding the evolution of the subgenus soja population in the glycine genus. in this study, a semi-wild soybean line (maliaodou) and a wild line (lanxi 1) collected from the lower yangtze regions were deeply sequenced while nine other semi-wild lines were sequenced to a 3-fold genome coverage. sequence analysis revealed that (1) no independ ...201425265539
fingerprinting soybean germplasm and its utility in genomic research.the united states department of agriculture, soybean germplasm collection includes 18,480 domesticated soybean and 1168 wild soybean accessions introduced from 84 countries or developed in the united states. this collection was genotyped with the soysnp50k beadchip containing greater than 50k single-nucleotide polymorphisms. redundant accessions were identified in the collection, and distinct genetic backgrounds of soybean from different geographic origins were observed that could be a unique re ...201526224783
protamine sulfate precipitation method depletes abundant plant seed-storage proteins: a case study on legume plants.depletion of abundant proteins is one of the effective ways to improve detection and identification of low-abundance proteins. our previous study showed that protamine sulfate precipitation (psp) method can deplete abundant ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco) from leaf proteins and is suitable for their in-depth proteome investigation. in this study, we provide evidence that the psp method can also be effectively used for depletion of abundant seed-storage proteins (ssps) f ...201525641780
heterosis and combining ability estimates in isoflavone content using different parental soybean accessions: wild soybean, a valuable germplasm for soybean breeding.isoflavone, a group of secondary metabolites in soybean, is beneficial to human health. improving isoflavone content in soybean seeds has become one of the most important breeding objectives. however, the narrow genetic base of soybean cultivars hampered crop improvement. wild soybean is an extraordinarily important gene pool for soybean breeding. in order to select an optimal germplasm for breeding programs to increase isoflavone concentration, 36 f1 soybean progenies from different parental ac ...201525607952
nucleotide diversity patterns of three divergent soybean populations: evidences for population-dependent linkage disequilibrium and taxonomic status of glycine gracilis.the level of linkage disequilibrium (ld) is a major factor to determine dna polymorphism pattern of a population and to construct high-resolution maps useful in localizing and gene cloning of complicated traits. here, we investigated ld level of three soybean populations with different genetic backgrounds and taxonomic status of g. gracilis by comparing the dna polymorphism patterns of four high-diversity single-copy nuclear genes. a total of 152, 22, and 77 accessions of g. soja, g. gracilis, a ...201526442568
fine-scale phylogenetic structure and major events in the history of the current wild soybean (glycine soja) and taxonomic assignment of semi-wild type (glycine gracilis skvortz.) within the chinese subgenus soja.wild and cultivated species of soybeans have coexisted for 5000 years in china. despite this long history, there is very little information on the genetic relationship of glycine soja and g. max. to gain insight into the major events in the history of the subgenus soja, we examined 20 simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers of a large number of accessions (910). the results showed no significant differences between wild and semi-wild soybeans in genetic diversity but significant differences between ...201521984661
evolution and association analysis of gmcyp78a10 gene with seed size/weight and pod number in soybean.seed-size/weight traits, controlled by multiple genes in soybean, play an important role in determining seed yield. however, the molecular mechanisms controlling the seed size and weight in soybean remain unclear. in arabidopsis, p450/cyp78a gene family has been proved extremely relevant to seed size (such as atcyp78a5, atcyp78a6 and atcyp78a9). we found that a soybean gmcyp78a10 gene underwent artificial selection during soybean breeding. the gmcyp78a10a allele mainly distributed in wild soybea ...201525324172
genetic variants in root architecture-related genes in a glycine soja accession, a potential resource to improve cultivated soybean.root system architecture is important for water acquisition and nutrient acquisition for all crops. in soybean breeding programs, wild soybean alleles have been used successfully to enhance yield and seed composition traits, but have never been investigated to improve root system architecture. therefore, in this study, high-density single-feature polymorphic markers and simple sequence repeats were used to map quantitative trait loci (qtls) governing root system architecture in an inter-specific ...201525765991
performance of hybrid progeny formed between genetically modified herbicide-tolerant soybean and its wild ancestor.gene flow from genetically modified (gm) crops to wild relatives might affect the evolutionary dynamics of weedy populations and result in the persistence of escaped genes. to examine the effects of this gene flow, the growth of f1 hybrids that were formed by pollinating wild soybean (glycine soja) with glyphosate-tolerant gm soybean (g. max) or its non-gm counterpart was examined in a greenhouse. the wild soybean was collected from two geographical populations in china. the performance of the w ...201526507568
a single-nucleotide polymorphism in an endo-1,4-β-glucanase gene controls seed coat permeability in soybean.physical dormancy, a structural feature of the seed coat known as hard seededness, is an important characteristic for adaptation of plants against unstable and unpredictable environments. to dissect the molecular basis of qhs1, a quantitative trait locus for hard seededness in soybean (glycine max (l) merr.), we developed a near-isogenic line (nil) of a permeable (soft-seeded) cultivar, tachinagaha, containing a hard-seed allele from wild soybean (g. soja) introduced by successive backcrossings. ...201526039079
sequence and expression variations suggest an adaptive role for the da1-like gene family in the evolution of soybeans.the da1 gene family is plant-specific and arabidopsis da1 regulates seed and organ size, but the functions in soybeans are unknown. the cultivated soybean (glycine max) is believed to be domesticated from the annual wild soybeans (glycine soja). to evaluate whether da1-like genes were involved in the evolution of soybeans, we compared variation at both sequence and expression levels of da1-like genes from g. max (gmada1) and g. soja (gsoda1).201525975199
development, validation and genetic analysis of a large soybean snp genotyping array.cultivated soybean (glycine max) suffers from a narrow germplasm relative to other crop species, probably because of under-use of wild soybean (glycine soja) as a breeding resource. use of a single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) genotyping array is a promising method for dissecting cultivated and wild germplasms to identify important adaptive genes through high-density genetic mapping and genome-wide association studies. here we describe a large soybean snp array for use in diversity analyses, li ...201525641104
wild soybean roots depend on specific transcription factors and oxidation reduction related genesin response to alkaline stress.soil alkalinity is an important environmental problem limiting agricultural productivity. wild soybean (glycine soja) shows strong alkaline stress tolerance, so it is an ideal plant candidate for studying the molecular mechanisms of alkaline tolerance and identifying alkaline stress-responsive genes. however, limited information is available about g. soja responses to alkaline stress on a genomic scale. therefore, in the present study, we used rna sequencing to compare transcript profiles of g. ...201525874911
gsskp21, a glycine soja s-phase kinase-associated protein, mediates the regulation of plant alkaline tolerance and aba sensitivity.plant skp1-like family proteins, components of the scf complex e3 ligases, are involved in the regulation of plant development and stress responses. little is known about the precise function of skp genes in plant responses to environmental stresses. gsskp21 was initially identified as a potential stress-responsive gene based on the transcriptome sequencing of glycine soja. in this study, we found that gsskp21 protein contains highly conserved skp domains in its n terminus and an extra unidentif ...201525477077
genetic diversity and the conservation priority of glycine soja populations from northern china.knowledge of the spatial patterns of genetic variation in wild populations has significant implications for in situ conservation and the determination of conservation order. to study the levels of genetic diversity, spatial genetic structures, and genetic distances in glycine soja, 11 natural populations in northern china were analyzed by estimating genetic coefficients using inter-simple sequence repeat (issr) fingerprints via mixed sampling strategies. sixteen issr primers generated 98 reprodu ...201526681007
gscml27, a gene encoding a calcium-binding ef-hand protein from glycine soja, plays differential roles in plant responses to bicarbonate, salt and osmotic stresses.calcium, as the most widely accepted messenger, plays an important role in plant stress responses through calcium-dependent signaling pathways. the calmodulin-like family genes (cmls) encode ca2+ sensors and function in signaling transduction in response to environmental stimuli. however, until now, the function of plant cml proteins, especially soybean cmls, is largely unknown. here, we isolated a glycine soja cml protein gscml27, with four conserved ef-hands domains, and identified it as a cal ...201526550992
[distribution characteristics of soil nematodes in reclaimed land of copper-mine-tailings in different plant associations].a survey was carried out to investigate soil nematode communities in the plant associations of gramineae (arthraxon lanceolatus, al; imperata cylindrica, ic) and leguminosae (glycine soja, gs) in reclaimed land of copper-mine-tailings and in the plant associations of gramineae (digitaria chrysoblephara, dc-ck) of peripheral control in fenghuang mountain, tongling city. a total of 1277 nematodes were extracted and sorted into 51 genera. the average individual density of the nematodes was 590 indi ...201526094476
ectopic expression of a glycine soja myo-inositol oxygenase gene (gsmiox1a) in arabidopsis enhances tolerance to alkaline stress.myo-inositol participates in various aspects of plant physiology, and myo-inositol oxygenase is the key enzyme of the myo-inositol oxygenation pathway. previous studies indicated that myo-inositol oxygenase may play a role in plant responses to abiotic stresses. in this study, we focused on the functional characterization of gsmiox1a, a remarkable alkaline stress-responsive gene of glycine soja 07256, based on rna-seq data. using quantitative real-time pcr, we demonstrated that gsmiox1a is rapid ...201526091094
overexpression of gsgstu13 and scmrp in medicago sativa confers increased salt-alkaline tolerance and methionine content.tau-class glutathione s-transferases (gstus) are ubiquitous proteins encoded by a large gene family in plants, which play important roles in combating different environmental stresses. in previous studies, we constructed a glycine soja transcriptional profile, and identified three gstus (gsgstu13, gsgstu14 and gsgstu19) as potential salt-alkaline stress-responsive genes. two of them, gsgstu14 and gsgstu19, have been shown to positively regulate plant salt-alkaline tolerance. in this study, we fu ...201526010993
a putative soybean gmssos1 confers enhanced salt tolerance to transgenic arabidopsis sos1-1 mutant.the cdna of gmssos1, a putative plasma membrane na(+)/h(+) antiporter gene isolated from glycine max, glycine soja, and their hybrid, was constructed into plant expression vector pcambia 1300 and then transformed with agrobacterium tumefaciens under the control of camv 35s promoter to arabidopsis thaliana wild-type (wt) and mutant (atsos1-1) plants. by hygromycin resistance detection and pcr analysis, transgenic plants (wt35s:gmssos1 and atsos1-1 35s:gmssos1) were obtained. seed germination, see ...201524934653
a 14-3-3 family protein from wild soybean (glycine soja) regulates aba sensitivity in arabidopsis.it is widely accepted that the 14-3-3 family proteins are key regulators of multiple stress signal transduction cascades. by conducting genome-wide analysis, researchers have identified the soybean 14-3-3 family proteins; however, until now, there is still no direct genetic evidence showing the involvement of soybean 14-3-3s in aba responses. hence, in this study, based on the latest glycine max genome on phytozome v10.3, we initially analyzed the evolutionary relationship, genome organization, ...201526717241
ectopic overexpression of a novel glycine soja stress-induced plasma membrane intrinsic protein increases sensitivity to salt and dehydration in transgenic arabidopsis thaliana plants.plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (pips) belong to the aquaporin family and facilitate water movement across plasma membranes. existing data indicate that pip genes are associated with the abilities of plants to tolerate certain stress conditions. a review of our glycine soja expressed sequence tag (est) dataset revealed that abiotic stress stimulated expression of a pip, herein designated as gspip2;1 (genbank_accn: fj825766). to understand the roles of this pip in stress tolerance, we generate ...201525358447
red blood cell thomsen-friedenreich antigen expression and galectin-3 plasma concentrations in streptococcus pneumoniae-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome and hemolytic anemia.pneumococcal hemolytic uremic syndrome (p-hus) is a rare but severe complication of invasive pneumococcal disease (ipd) in young children. consensual biologic diagnosis criteria are currently lacking.201525556575
intravascular [correction of intracellular] hemolysis and renal failure in a patient with t polyagglutination.a patient with postoperative intravascular hemolysis aggravated by transfusion with fresh whole blood and fresh plasma products had acute renal failure. screening with arachis hypogaea and glycine soja lectins showed that his red cells were t-transformed. only washed red cells were transfused subsequently, and no further fresh plasma products were given. all hemolysis ceased, the renal function returned to normal, and the t-polyagglutination as measured by lectin tests disappeared 4 months after ...20153705141
genetic diversity of wild soybean populations in dongying, china, by simple sequence repeat analysis.annual wild soybean (glycine soja sieb. et zucc.), the ancestor of cultivated soybean (g. max), is believed to be a potential gene source for further improvement of soybean to cope with environmental stress. in this study, 10 simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers were used to evaluate the genetic diversity and population genetic structure in five wild soybean populations using 195 accessions collected from dongying, china. ten ssr markers yielded 90 bands, with an average of nine bands per marker ...201526436402
[occurrence characteristics and molecular genetic basis of pod shattering in soybean].pod shattering is a natural property of wild soybean (glycine soja) for propagation and also a major cause of yield loss in cultivated soybean (glycine max l. merr). thus, studies on occurrence characteristics and molecular genetic basis of pod shattering in soybean can provide insights into both molecular mechanisms and potential application in legume crop improvement. in this review, we summarize the occurrence features and phenotypic identification methods of pod shattering based on analysis ...201526351049
comparative biochemical and proteomic analyses of soybean seed cultivars differing in protein and oil content.this study develops differential protein profiles of soybean (glycine max) seeds (cv. saedanbaek and daewon) varying in protein (47.9 and 39.2%) and oil (16.3 and 19.7%) content using protamine sulfate (ps) precipitation method coupled with a 2d gel electrophoresis (2dge) approach. of 71 detected differential spots between daewon and saedanbaek, 48 were successfully identified by maldi-tof/tof. gene ontology analysis revealed that up-regulated proteins in saedanbaek were largely associated with ...201526237057
gmhs1-1, encoding a calcineurin-like protein, controls hard-seededness in soybean.loss of seed-coat impermeability was essential in the domestication of many leguminous crops to promote the production of their highly nutritious seeds. here we show that seed-coat impermeability in wild soybean is controlled by a single gene, gmhs1-1, which encodes a calcineurin-like metallophosphoesterase transmembrane protein. gmhs1-1 is primarily expressed in the malpighian layer of the seed coat and is associated with calcium content. the transition from impermeability to permeability in do ...201526098868
functional marker development of mir1511-indel and allelic diversity within the genus glycine.single-stranded non-protein coding small rnas, 18-25 nucleotides in length, are ubiquitous throughout plants genomes and are involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation. several types of dna markers have been reported for the detection of genetic diversity or sequence variation in soybean, one of the most important legume crops in worldwide for seed protein and oil content. recently, with the available of public genomic databases, there has been a shift from the labor-intensive development ...201526084707
detection of novel qtls for foxglove aphid resistance in soybean.the raso2 , novel qtl for korea biotype foxglove aphid resistance in soybean from pi 366121 was identified on chromosome 7 using goldengate snp microarray. foxglove aphid, aulacorthum solani (kaltenbach), is a hemipteran insect that infects a wide variety of plants worldwide and causes serious yield losses in crops. the objective of this study was to identify the putative qtl for foxglove aphid resistance in wild soybean, pi 366121, (glycine soja sieb. and zucc.). one hundred and forty-one f4-de ...201525904004
environmental association analyses identify candidates for abiotic stress tolerance in glycine soja, the wild progenitor of cultivated soybeans.natural populations across a species range demonstrate population structure owing to neutral processes such as localized origins of mutations and migration limitations. selection also acts on a subset of loci, contributing to local adaptation. an understanding of the genetic basis of adaptation to local environmental conditions is a fundamental goal in basic biological research. when applied to crop wild relatives, this same research provides the opportunity to identify adaptive genetic variatio ...201626818076
global investigation of the co-evolution of mirna genes and microrna targets during soybean domestication.although the selection of coding genes during plant domestication has been well studied, the evolution of mirna genes (mirs) and the interaction between micrornas (mirnas) and their targets in this process are poorly understood. here, we present a genome-wide survey of the selection of mirs and mirna targets during soybean domestication and improvement. our results suggest that, overall, mirs have higher evolutionary rates than mirna targets. nonetheless, they do demonstrate certain similar evol ...201626714457
qtl location and epistatic effect analysis of 100-seed weight using wild soybean (glycine soja sieb. & zucc.) chromosome segment substitution lines.increasing the yield of soybean (glycine max l. merrill) is a main aim of soybean breeding. the 100-seed weight is a critical factor for soybean yield. to facilitate genetic analysis of quantitative traits and to improve the accuracy of marker-assisted breeding in soybean, a valuable mapping population consisting of 194 chromosome segment substitution lines (cssls) was developed. in these lines, different chromosomal segments of the chinese cultivar suinong 14 were substituted into the genetic b ...201626934088
domestication footprints anchor genomic regions of agronomic importance in soybeans.present-day soybeans consist of elite cultivars and landraces (glycine max, fully domesticated (fd)), annual wild type (glycine soja, nondomesticated (nd)), and semi-wild type (semi-domesticated (sd)). fd soybean originated in china, although the details of its domestication history remain obscure. more than 500 diverse soybean accessions were sequenced using specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing (slaf-seq) to address fundamental questions regarding soybean domestication. in total, 64,141 ...201626479264
development and application of a novel genome-wide snp array reveals domestication history in soybean.domestication of soybeans occurred under the intense human-directed selections aimed at developing high-yielding lines. tracing the domestication history and identifying the genes underlying soybean domestication require further exploration. here, we developed a high-throughput njau 355 k soysnp array and used this array to study the genetic variation patterns in 367 soybean accessions, including 105 wild soybeans and 262 cultivated soybeans. the population genetic analysis suggests that cultiva ...201626856884
comparison of small rna profiles of glycine max and glycine soja at early developmental stages.small rnas, including micrornas (mirnas) and phased small interfering rnas (phasirnas; from phas loci), play key roles in plant development. cultivated soybean, glycine max, contributes a great deal to food production, but, compared to its wild kin, glycine soja, it may lose some genetic information during domestication. in this work, we analyzed the srna profiles of different tissues in both cultivated (c08) and wild soybeans (w05) at three stages of development. a total of 443 known mirnas and ...201627929436
natural diversity of seed α-tocopherol ratio in wild soybean (glycine soja) germplasm collection.alpha-tocopherol is one of four tocopherol isoforms and has the highest vitamin e activity in humans. most cultivated soybean seeds contain γ-tocopherol as the predominant form, and the ratio of α-tocopherol content to total tocopherol content (α-tocopherol ratio) is <10%. three soybean accessions from eastern europe have α-tocopherol ratios of >20%. this higher content is likely due to mutations in the promoter region of the γ-tocopherol methytransferase-3 (γ-tmt3) gene. we surveyed a wild soyb ...201627795691
environmental versus geographical effects on genomic variation in wild soybean (glycine soja) across its native range in northeast asia.a fundamental goal in evolutionary biology is to understand how various evolutionary factors interact to affect the population structure of diverse species, especially those of ecological and/or agricultural importance such as wild soybean (glycine soja). g. soja, from which domesticated soybeans (glycine max) were derived, is widely distributed throughout diverse habitats in east asia (russia, japan, korea, and china). here, we utilize over 39,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms genotyped in 99 ...201627648247
characterizing two inter-specific bin maps for the exploration of the qtls/genes that confer three soybean evolutionary traits.annual wild soybean (glycine soja sieb. and zucc.), the wild progenitor of the cultivated soybean [glycine max (l.) merr.], is valuable for improving the later. the construction of a linkage map is crucial for studying the genetic differentiation between these species, but marker density is the main factor limiting the accuracy of such a map. recent advances in next-generation sequencing technologies allow for the generation of high-density linkage maps. here, two sets of inter-specific recombin ...201627602037
metabolic profiles reveal changes in wild and cultivated soybean seedling leaves under salt stress.clarification of the metabolic mechanisms underlying salt stress responses in plants will allow further optimization of crop breeding and cultivation to obtain high yields in saline-alkali land. here, we characterized 68 differential metabolites of cultivated soybean (glycine max) and wild soybean (glycine soja) under neutral-salt and alkali-salt stresses using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms)-based metabolomics, to reveal the physiological and molecular differences in salt tolerance ...201627442489
optimization of a virus-induced gene silencing system with soybean yellow common mosaic virus for gene function studies in soybeans.virus-induced gene silencing (vigs) is an effective tool for the study of soybean gene function. successful vigs depends on the interaction between virus spread and plant growth, which can be influenced by environmental conditions. recently, we developed a new vigs system derived from the soybean yellow common mosaic virus (sycmv). here, we investigated several environmental and developmental factors to improve the efficiency of a sycmv-based vigs system to optimize the functional analysis of th ...201627147931
molecular and geographic evolutionary support for the essential role of giganteaa in soybean domestication of flowering time.flowering time is a domestication trait of glycine max and varies in soybeans, yet, a gene for flowering time variation has not been associated with soybean domestication. gigantea (gi) is a major gene involved in the control of flowering time in arabidopsis, although three gi homologs complicate this model in the soybean genome.201627072125
the transcriptomic signature of developing soybean seeds reveals the genetic basis of seed trait adaptation during domestication.cultivated soybean has undergone many transformations during domestication. in this paper we report a comprehensive assessment of the evolution of gene co-expression networks based on the analysis of 40 transcriptomes from developing soybean seeds in cultivated and wild soybean accessions. we identified 2680 genes that are differentially expressed during seed maturation and established two cultivar-specific gene co-expression networks. through analysis of the two networks and integration with qu ...201627062090
characterization of natural and simulated herbivory on wild soybean (glycine soja seib. et zucc.) for use in ecological risk assessment of insect protected soybean.insect-protected soybean (glycine max (l.) merr.) was developed to protect against foliage feeding by certain lepidopteran insects. the assessment of potential consequences of transgene introgression from soybean to wild soybean (glycine soja seib. et zucc.) is required as one aspect of the environmental risk assessment (era) in japan. a potential hazard of insect-protected soybean may be hypothesized as transfer of a trait by gene flow to wild soybean and subsequent reduction in foliage feeding ...201626963815
soybean cyst nematode resistance emerged via artificial selection of duplicated serine hydroxymethyltransferase genes.a major soybean (forrest cultivar) quantitative trait locus (qtl) gene, rhg4, which controls resistance to soybean cyst nematodes (scn), encodes the enzyme serine hydroxylmethyltransferase (shmt). the resistant allele possesses two critical missense mutations (p130r and n358y) compared to that of the sensitive allele, rhg4. to understand the evolutionary history of this gene, sequences of 117 shmt family members from 18 representative plant species were used to reconstruct their phylogeny. accor ...201627458476
genome-wide association study of resistance to soybean cyst nematode (heterodera glycines) hg type 2.5.7 in wild soybean (glycine soja).soybean cyst nematode (scn) is the most destructive soybean pest worldwide. host plant resistance is the most environmentally friendly and cost-effective way of mitigating scn damage to soybeans. however, overuse of the resistant soybean [glycine max (l.) merr.] cultivars from limited genetic resources has resulted in scn race shifts in many soybean-growing areas. thus, exploration of novel sources of scn resistance and dissection of the genetic basis are urgently needed. in this study, we scree ...201627582748
improvement in nitrogen fixation capacity could be part of the domestication process in soybean.biological nitrogen fixation (bnf) in soybeans is a complex process involving the interplay between the plant host and the symbiotic rhizobia. as nitrogen supply has a crucial role in growth and development, higher nitrogen fixation capacity would be important to achieve bigger plants and larger seeds, which were important selection criteria during plant domestication by humans. to test this hypothesis, we monitored the nitrogen fixation-related performance in 31 cultivated and 17 wild soybeans ...201627118154
identification and molecular analysis of four new alleles at the w1 locus associated with flower color in soybean.in soybean, flavonoid 3'5'-hydroxylase (f3'5'h) and dihydroflavonol-4-reductase (dfr) play a crucial role in the production of anthocyanin pigments. loss-of-function of the w1 locus, which encodes the former, or w3 and w4, which encode the latter, always produces white flowers. in this study, we searched for new genetic components responsible for the production of white flowers in soybean and isolated four white-flowered mutant lines, i.e., two glycine soja accessions (cw12700 and cw13381) and t ...201627442124
soybean gmdrebl increases lipid content in seeds of transgenic arabidopsis.a dreb-type transcription factor gene gmdrebl has been characterized for its functions in oil accumulation in seeds. the gene is specifically expressed in soybean seeds. the gmdrebl is localized in nucleus and has transcriptional activation ability. overexpression of gmdrebl increased the fatty acid content in the seeds of transgenic arabidopsis plants. gmdrebl can bind to the promoter region of wri1 to activate its expression. several other genes in the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway were also ...201627694917
genetic diversity of rhg1 and rhg4 loci in wild soybeans resistant to soybean cyst nematode race 3.over-utilization of germplasms that are resistant to the soybean cyst nematode (scn) in soybean breeding programs can lead to genetic vulnerability in resistant cultivars. resistant wild soybean (glycine soja) is considered an invaluable gene source for increasing the genetic diversity of scn resistance. in this study, we genotyped 23 g. soja accessions that are resistant to scn race 3 for polymorphisms in the resistance genes, rhg1, rhg4, and shmt, and investigated their genetic relationship wi ...201627323148
genome-wide association and genomic prediction identifies associated loci and predicts the sensitivity of tobacco ringspot virus in soybean plant introductions.genome-wide association study (gwas) is a useful tool for detecting and characterizing traits of interest including those associated with disease resistance in soybean. the availability of 50,000 single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) markers (soysnp50k iselect beadchip; www.soybase.org ) on 19,652 soybean and wild soybean plant introductions (pis) in the usda soybean germplasm collection allows for fast and robust identification of loci associated with a desired phenotype. by using a genome-wide ...201626924079
the nuclear protein gmbzip110 has transcription activation activity and plays important roles in the response to salinity stress in soybean.plant basic-leucine zipper (bzip) transcription factors play important roles in many biological processes and are involved in the regulation of salt stress tolerance. previously, our lab generated digital gene expression profiling (dgep) data to identify differentially expressed genes in a salt-tolerant genotype of glycine soja (stgogs) and a salt-sensitive genotype of glycine max (ssgogm). this dgep data revealed that the expression (log2 ratio) of gmbzip110 was up-regulated 2.76-fold and 3.38- ...201626837841
ensifer glycinis sp. nov., a rhizobial species associated with species of the genus glycine.rhizobial strains from root nodules of astragalus mongholicus and soybean (glycine max) were characterized phylogenetically as members of the genus ensifer (formerly named sinorhizobium), based on 16s rrna gene sequence comparisons. results based upon concatenated sequence analysis of three housekeeping genes (reca, atpd and glnii, ≤ 93.8 % similarities to known species) and average nucleotide identity (ani) values of whole genome sequence comparisons (ranging from 89.6 % to 83.4 % to ensifer fr ...201627125987
identification and analysis of nahco3 stress responsive genes in wild soybean (glycine soja) roots by rna-seq.soil alkalinity is a major abiotic constraint to crop productivity and quality. wild soybean (glycine soja) is considered to be more stress-tolerant than cultivated soybean (g. max), and has considerable genetic variation for increasing alkalinity tolerance of soybean. in this study, we analyzed the transcriptome profile in the roots of an alkalinity tolerant wild soybean variety n24852 at 12 and 24 h after 90 mm nahco3 stress by rna-sequencing. compared with the controls, a total of 449 differe ...201628018382
structural and functional characterization of the vq protein family and vq protein variants from soybean.proteins containing the fxxxvqxhtg or vq motif interact with wrky transcription factors. although vq proteins have been reported in several plants, knowledge about their structures, functions and evolution is still very limited. here, we report structural and functional analysis of the vq protein family from soybean. like arabidopsis homologues, soybean vq proteins bind only group i and iic wrky proteins and a substantial number of their genes are responsive to stress-associated phytohormones. o ...201627708406
functional characterization of a glycine soja ca(2+)atpase in salt-alkaline stress responses.it is widely accepted that ca(2+)atpase family proteins play important roles in plant environmental stress responses. however, up to now, most researches are limited in the reference plants arabidopsis and rice. the function of ca(2+)atpases from non-reference plants was rarely reported, especially its regulatory role in carbonate alkaline stress responses. hence, in this study, we identified the p-type ii ca(2+)atpase family genes in soybean genome, determined their chromosomal location and gen ...201626801329
a novel glycine soja homeodomain-leucine zipper (hd-zip) i gene, gshdz4, positively regulates bicarbonate tolerance and responds to osmotic stress in arabidopsis.wild soybean (glycine soja) is a highly adaptive plant species which can grow well in saline-alkaline soils. in soybean genome, there exist about 140 hd-zip (homeodomain-leucine zipper) genes. hd-zip transcription factor family is one of the largest plant specific superfamilies and plays important roles in response to abiotic stresses. although hd-zip transcription factors have been broadly reported to be involved in plant resistance to abiotic stresses like salt and drought, their roles in resp ...201627553065
gserf6, an ethylene-responsive factor from glycine soja, mediates the regulation of plant bicarbonate tolerance in arabidopsis.this is an original study focus on erf gene response to alkaline stress. gserf6 functions as transcription factor and significantly enhanced plant tolerance to bicarbonate (hco 3 (-) ) in transgenic arabidopsis . alkaline stress is one of the most harmful, but little studied environmental factors, which negatively affects plant growth, development and yield. the cause of alkaline stress is mainly due to the damaging consequence of high concentration of the bicarbonate ion, high-ph, and osmotic s ...201627125386
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