Publications

studies on adenylate kinase (atp:amp phosphotransferase) of mycobacterium marinum (atcc 927).	the enzyme adenylate kinase (atp:amp phosphotransferase) was purified as described previously [biochim. biophys. acta 869: 350 (1986)] with an additional step involving affinity chromatography on cibacron blue. the molecular weight of the final enzyme preparation was estimated to be 22,500 on polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis under denaturing conditions. the preliminary amino acid analysis indicated the presence of two histidine residues. photooxidation in the presence of methylene blue caused ...	1989	2548362
sclerokeratitis caused by mycobacterium marinum.		1989	2817067
mycobacterium marinum flexor tenosynovitis.	four culture-positive cases of flexor tenosynovitis of the hand caused by mycobacterium marinum are reported. the organisms were cultured at 32 degrees. all patients were treated with a combination of flexor tenosynovectomy and antimycobacterial treatment with ethambutol and rifampin. the length of antimycobacterial treatment ranged from nine to 22 months. all four patients responded to treatment with cessation of signs of infection, increased range of motion, and complete wound healing.	1989	2910612
sporotrichoid infection. two cases.	the authors describe two cases of sporotrichoid infection characterized by the onset, above previous skin accidental injuries, of a papulo-pustular lesion, with further development of centripetal satellite lesions similar to the first one. a precise etiological definition was possible only after the cultural,l mycological and bacteriological examination of biopsy material. the very similar clinical features of the two cases were due to different etiological pathogens: sporothrix schenckii in one ...	1990	1963172
in vitro susceptibility of mycobacterium marinum to dihydromycoplanecin a and ten other antimicrobial agents.	the in vitro susceptibilities of 16 mycobacterium marinum strains to 11 antimicrobial agents were determined by the dubos tween albumin liquid dilution technique. the results (mics) were: 0.19-0.39 microgram/ml for dihydromycoplanecin a; 0.78-1.56 micrograms/ml for amikacin; 1.56-3.13 micrograms/ml for ofloxacin, norfloxacin and enoxacin; 1.56-6.25 micrograms/ml for minocycline; 1.56-25 micrograms/ml for sulfamethoxazole and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim; 3.13-12.5 micrograms/ml for oxytetracycl ...	1990	2384640
[mycobacterium marinum infection].		1990	2285214
[a case from practice (200). infection of the lower leg and upper arm caused by mycobacterium marinum (aquarium granuloma)].		1990	2263803
characterisation of phenolic glycolipids from mycobacterium marinum.	the phenolic glycolipids from two strains of mycobacterium marinum have been isolated and characterised. the glycolipids from m. marinum mnc 170 were principally glycosides of diacyl c37, c39 and c41 phenolphthiocerols a, but in m. marinum mnc 842, these lipids were accompanied by glycosides of diacyl phenolphthiodiolones a and novel phthiotriols a with the same overall chain-lengths. the main acyl components of the phenolic glycolipids from m. marinum mnc 170 were c26 dimethyl and c27 and c29 t ...	1990	2302417
a kinetic study of the photochemical inactivation of adenylate kinases of mycobacterium marinum and bovine heart mitochondria.	using incident light energy of about 76 mw.cm-2 in a dye-sensitized photooxidation reaction, we have investigated the possible involvement of one or both of the histidine residues in the catalytic activity of adenylate kinase (atp:amp phosphotransferase) of mycobacterium marinum. we have done this by investigating the kinetics of photochemical inactivation of the enzyme. at ph 7.4, the kinetics of photoinactivation are biphasic with two different pseudo-first-order rate constants. adenosine 5'-p ...	1990	2156572
[atypical mycobacteriosis caused by mycobacterium marinum].	granulomatous lesions located on the hand and on the right forearm have been described in a 67-year-old housewife. they appeared after a small lesion caused by a fish bone, from a piece of frozen fish. clinical aspect and history together with histological examination are typical of an infection by mycobacterium marinum.	1990	2228041
mycobacterium terrae tenosynovitis.	atypical mycobacteria causing extra-pulmonary disease in man are well documented. these infections are manifested by the presence of ulcers, abscesses and lymphadenitis. mycobacterium marinum is particularly noted for infections involving the synovium, tendon sheaths, bursae and bone. of lesser note is mycobacterium terrae (radish bacillus), a nonchromogen also associated with tenosynovitis. we are not aware of any previous report of the association of m. terrae with synovitis in australia. this ...	1990	2235093
osteomyelitis and synovitis produced by mycobacterium marinum in a fisherman.	we report a case of osteomyelitis and synovitis produced by mycobacterium marinum in the left index finger of a fisherman. a combination of surgical intervention and antimicrobial therapy with minocycline, rifampin, and ethambutol was efficacious.	1990	2254433
persistent mycobacterium marinum infection in a child with probable visceral involvement.		1990	2300415
atypical mycobacterial infection caused by mycobacterium marinum.		1990	2304513
disseminated cutaneous and synovial mycobacterium marinum infection in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus.	a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus had a protracted skin infection with mycobacterium marinum after a puffer fish sting. disseminated cutaneous and synovial disease was associated with clinically active systemic lupus erythematosus two years after the initial infection. the infection was poorly responsive to multiple antituberculous regimens. hematogenous spread of infection was the likely route of dissemination.	1990	2321074
some unusual features of mycobacteriosis in the cichlid fish oreochromis mossambicus.	adult, aquarium-reared oreochromis mossambicus (tilapia mossambica), which were naturally infected with mycobacterium marinum, displayed non-healing skin ulcers and other clinical signs considered to be typical of piscine mycobacteriosis. however, in addition, they frequently had melanotic foci in the skin and spleen, due to the presence of pigment cells surrounding the cutaneous and splenic inflammation. such melanotic foci have never been reported in response to mycobacteriosis. all fish also ...	1990	2365849
mycobacterium marinum infection from shucking oysters.		1991	1675357
[atypical mycobacterium in an hiv-positive patient: mycobacterium marinum].		1991	1825710
structure and stereochemistry of mycolic acids of mycobacterium marinum and mycobacterium ulcerans.	mycobacterium marinum and m. ulcerans were previously shown to synthesize lipid compounds which are stereochemically different from the corresponding molecules isolated from m. tuberculosis and other species. stereochemical and biogenetic studies of mycolic acids isolated from m. marinum showed that the absolute configurations of the chiral centres occurring in the mycolates are identical to those of the other mycobacterial species examined so far. furthermore, all the methyl branches were found ...	1991	1871424
a look-back investigation of patients of an hiv-infected physician. public health implications.	transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) to five patients receiving care from an hiv-infected dentist in florida has recently been reported. current data indicate that the risk of hiv transmission from health care workers to patients is low. despite this low risk, programs to notify patients of past exposure to an hiv-infected health care worker are being conducted with increasing frequency.	1991	1922251
sex differences in host resistance to mycobacterium marinum infection in mice.	sex differences were observed in host resistance to mycobacterium marinum infection in mice. males were found to be more susceptible than females in terms of mortality, incidence of gross skin lesions, and bacterial load in the lungs and spleen. the degree of sex differences varied from strain to strain of test mice, in the order c3h/he, a/j, and balb/c greater than dba/2, b10.a, and c57bl/6, on the basis of survival time and multiplication of organisms in the visceral organs. although this orde ...	1991	1937768
[sporotrichoid mycobacterium marinum infection in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus].		1991	2048885
[skin lesions due to mycobacterium marinum: surgical ablation. apropos of a case of false paronychia].	a mycobacterium marinum panaris-like cutaneous injury was observed in a 5-year old child. such an affection may require surgical advice. lack of its knowledge may lead to serious therapeutic mistakes and complications. the authors emphasize the epidemiologic, clinical and paraclinical data allowing the diagnosis and leading to the right treatment. they also point out the place of surgical therapy in these lesions.	1991	1950315
septic bursitis: experience in a community practice.	we reviewed 47 episodes of septic bursitis occurring in a private community medical practice. most patients were male (85%), and roughly half (49%) the cases were related to recreational or occupational trauma. about 72% of cases were located in the olecranon bursa, while the remaining cases were prepatellar. prepatellar bursitis patients were more likely to be hospitalized. staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 70% of bursal fluid aspirations; other etiologic organisms included gram negative ...	1991	1946062
[mycobacterium marinum granuloma in a fish fancier. apropos of a case with sporotrichoid lesions].	a 43-year-old fish fancier with fish tank granuloma presented with a sporotrichoid-like skin infection of the right arm with multiple papulo-nodular lesions along the lymphatic drainage. acid fast bacilli were found in skin biopsy specimens and mycobacterium marinum grew in cultures. the clinical and histopathological findings in m. marinum infection are reviewed and the differential diagnosis, laboratory findings with this atypical mycobacterium, and therapeutic modalities are discussed. finall ...	1991	1925464
aquatic hazard mycobacterium marinum infection.	we describe two patients with mycobacterium marinum infection and review the pertinent literature. m. marinum infection follows trauma, often trivial, in water or from marine life. clinical manifestations include superficial cutaneous lesions which are either solitary or multiple in a sporotrichoid distribution, involvement of the deeper structures of the hand and wrist and disseminated disease. biopsy of infected tissue reveals a mixed suppurative-granulomatous reaction with sparse to absent ac ...	1991	1767790
[intra-macrophagic activity of antibiotics combinations against mycobacterium marinum].	fourteen strains of mycobacterium marinum were isolated from patients with granulomatous skin lesion. all the strains were resistant to isoniazid and pyrazinamid and five resistant to rifampicin. the following antibiotics are used alone or in combination: ethambutol, rifabutin, ciprofloxacin, temafloxacin, erythromycin, clarithromycin, minocyclin. minimal inhibitory concentrations are evaluated using agar dilution method. after what, activity of antibiotics against mycobacterium marinum strains ...	1991	1652732
[swimming pool granuloma: hand infection caused by mycobacterium marinum].		1991	1365373
[cutaneous infection by mycobacterium marinum: case report].	a 45 year old male who manipulated tropical fish ponds developed painless nodular plaques in both hands. biopsy showed mononuclear infiltrate of the dermis with few granulomata. repeated cultures revealed m. marinum (diagnosis confirmed at the who/paho reference center in canada). good initial results were obtained with single agent therapy with ciprofloxacin. the patient suspended therapy after 11 month and a relapse was observed. definite cure was obtained with oral cotrimoxazole and topic kan ...	1992	1340980
mycobacterial diseases other than tuberculosis.	the incidence of tuberculosis in the united states declined steadily until 1985, while at the same time, for at least the past 15 years, the frequency of disease attributable to other mycobacteria increased both in actual numbers and in the proportion of the total burden of mycobacterioses. chronic pulmonary disease, lymphadenitis in children, skin and soft-tissue involvement, and infections of the skeletal system were predominant, and the principal etiologic agents were mycobacterium avium/myco ...	1992	1617048
[atypical cutaneous mycobacterium diseases. results of a national survey].	we report the results of a retrospective inquiry concerning atypical cutaneous mycobacterioses in france over the last 5 years. ninety-two cases were observed, contracted from aquariums (50 p. 100), in swimming pools (4.4 p. 100) and as a result of mesotherapy (15.2 p. 100); 66.3 p. 100 of the patients had no other pathology; 17.4 p. 100 were immunodepressed. bacteriological examination was positive in 44.7 p. 100 of the cases; swabbing, scratching and punturing were better than biopsy to obtain ...	1992	1444107
fatal disseminated mycobacterium marinum infection.		1992	1634297
clarithromycin. a review of its antimicrobial activity, pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic potential.	clarithromycin is an acid-stable orally administered macrolide antimicrobial drug, structurally related to erythromycin. it has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, similar to that of erythromycin and inhibits a range of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms, atypical pathogens and some anaerobes. significantly, clarithromycin demonstrates greater in vitro activity than erythromycin against certain pathogens including bacteroides melaninogenicus, chlamydia pneumoniae, chlamydia tracho ...	1992	1379907
mycobacterium marinum infection: epidemiology and presentation in queensland 1971-1990.	evaluation of the clinical and epidemiological features of mycobacterium marinum infection in queensland.	1992	1406419
activities of clarithromycin against eight slowly growing species of nontuberculous mycobacteria, determined by using a broth microdilution mic system.	mics of clarithromycin against 324 clinical isolates belonging to eight species of slowly growing nontuberculous mycobacteria were determined by using a broth microdilution system. isolates were inoculated into twofold drug dilutions in middlebrook 7h9 broth (ph corrected to 7.4) and then incubated at 30 degrees c for 7 days for mycobacterium marinum and for 14 days for all other species. the mic for 90% of the strains (mic90) was less than or equal to 0.5 micrograms/ml for isolates of mycobacte ...	1992	1416891
a case of disseminated mycobacterium marinum infection in an immunocompetent patient.	an unusual case of mycobacterium marinum cutaneous infection is described. as a result of marked delay in the diagnosis, extensive local inflammation and destructive osteomyelitis occurred together with cutaneous dissemination in an immunocompetent host. pathologic fractures in the infected bone necessitated amputation of the involved digit. the most striking feature of this case was the development of multiple widespread cutaneous lesions for several months following amputation of the infected ...	1992	1486885
in vitro and in vivo activities of krm-1648, a newly synthesized benzoxazinorifamycin, against mycobacterium marinum.	the in vitro and in vivo activities of krm-1648, one of the newly synthesized benzoxazinorifamycins, against m. marinum were compared with those of rifampin. the mic values of krm-1648 determined by the agar dilution method on 7h11 medium against 10 strains of m. marinum were 32-128 times and even more below those of rifampin. in an in vivo experiment, krm-1648 was markedly effective in terms of the incidence of gross skin lesions and the number of cfus in the lungs and spleen. its efficacy was ...	1992	1520979
structure and function of a 40,000-molecular-weight protein antigen of mycobacterium tuberculosis.	a gene encoding a protein antigen from mycobacterium tuberculosis with a molecular weight of 40,000 has been sequenced. on the basis of sequence homology and functional analyses, we demonstrated that the protein is an l-alanine dehydrogenase (ec 1.4.1.1). the enzyme was demonstrated in m. tuberculosis and mycobacterium marinum but not in mycobacterium bovis bcg. the enzyme may play a role in cell wall synthesis because l-alanine is an important constituent of the peptidoglycan layer. although no ...	1992	1587598
persistent nodule on the toe following trauma. sporotrichoid mycobacterium marinum infection.		1992	1599280
antibiotic susceptibility of mycobacterium marinum.	a radiometric respirometric technique (bactec) which is highly standardized for mycobacterium tuberculosis was used for antibiotic susceptibility testing of clinical isolates of m. marinum. ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, rifampicin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole were effective at clinically relevant concentrations. doxycycline, erythromycin and roxithromycin were ineffective. these in vitro results are discussed in relation to documented clinical experience.	1993	8052821
sporothricoid mycobacterial infection. a case report.	a case of bilateral, symmetric, sporothricoid granulomas involving the dorsa of fingers and wrists is reported. the culture-proved mycobacterium marinum skin infection was acquired by a fish-fancier while clearing his aquarium with bare hands. the patient suffered from chronic hand eczema. treatment with co-trimoxazole was successful.	1993	8103265
identification of the leprosy bacillus and related mycobacteria by analysis of mycocerosate profiles.	members of the phthiocerol dimycocerosate family of waxes were extracted from mycobacterium bovis bcg, mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycobacterium kansasii, mycobacterium marinum, mycobacterium ulcerans and a skin biopsy from a leprosy patient. the waxes were degraded by alkaline hydrolysis and the mycocerosic acids converted to pentafluorobenzyl ester. profiles of the esters, recorded using electron-capture gas-chromatography, gave characteristic profiles for the mycocerosates from m. leprae but ...	1993	8129476
in-vitro activities of quinolones against mycobacteria.	from the results of recently-published in-vitro studies, we have reviewed the activities of novel quinolones which are currently available, either commercially or for investigative purposes, against mycobacterium tuberculosis, the atypical mycobacteria (principally the mycobacterium avium complex, mycobacterium chelonae, mycobacterium xenopi, mycobacterium marinum and mycobacterium fortuitum) and mycobacterium leprae. we have also evaluated the effects of the various methods for determining the ...	1993	8144420
detection and identification of a pathogenic marine mycobacterium from the european seabass dicentrarchus labrax using polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing of 16s rdna sequences.	mycobacteriosis has become a major concern for the commercial mariculture of the european sea bass dicentrachus labrax in israel. the disease remains asymptomatic for a long time, is virtually impossible to eradicate with antibiotics, stunts the growth of the fish and renders the fish unmarketable. the pathogen was identified as mycobacterium marinum by direct sequencing and analysis of approximately 600 bp of the pathogen ribosomal encoding dna (rdna). the polymerase chain reaction technique wa ...	1993	8293073
[two cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with disseminated non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection].	two cases of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) with disseminated non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection are reported. both patients had hemophilia and were infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv) by antihemophilic factor infusion. in case 1, a 44-year-old male, mycobacterium marinum, which ordinarily causes cutaneous infection, was isolated from sputum before death and from the lung, spleen, bone marrow, liver and lymph node at autopsy. this is the first report of disse ...	1993	8294774
[aquarium-borne mycobacterium marinum infection].	three cases of cutaneous mycobacterium marinum infection are described. all these patients had most probably been infected from home aquariums. in one of the patients, m. marinum was isolated by culturing a biopsy specimen from a lesion. clinical remission was achieved by means of antituberculous triple therapy, trimethoprim-sulfonamide, and no treatment, respectively.	1993	8337642
mycobacterium marinum cutaneous infections acquired from occupations and hobbies.	non-tuberculous mycobacterial (ntb) infections are not commonly diagnosed in thailand. the dissertation of reported cases among 10 published reports of 44 cases within 20 years revealed only six cases of cutaneous infections in which m. marinum was not included.	1993	8340185
mycobacterium marinum skin infections: two case reports.	most infections of soft tissue injury sites are caused by staphylococcus or streptococcus and respond to beta-lactam antibiotics. occasionally, a patient does not respond to routine antibiotics, and other possibilities must be considered. a detailed history of the event that caused the soft tissue injury can be important in the diagnosis. two cases of mycobacterium marinum soft tissue infection (ie, fish tank granuloma) are presented.	1993	8454982
nodular lymphangitis: a distinctive but often unrecognized syndrome.	to describe nodular lymphangitis by reviewing the clinical and epidemiologic features of this disease with an emphasis on distinguishing specific etiologic agents.	1993	8480962
protection of mice against mycobacterial infection by lymphoid cell vaccination.	intracellular parasites may thrive by inducing the host's immune system to suppress the effector immune response that otherwise limits multiplication. hosts are traditionally immunized with the parasite antigens that induce effector immunity. alternatively, one might vaccinate the host with the host lymphoid cells involved in suppression. multiplication of mycobacterium marinum was prevented by vaccinating mice with cells prepared from the popliteal lymph nodes of mice in which the organisms wer ...	1994	8138393
septic arthritis due to mycobacterium marinum.	we describe a patient with septic arthritis and osteomyelitis of the ring finger due to mycobacterium marinum. a review of the literature shows fewer than 40 reported cases of joint infection with this organism. most of the patients reported had been previously in good health, and had been in contact with fish or otherwise involved in aquatic activities. the arthritis affects mainly the hands or wrists and is insidious in onset. delay in diagnosis, and initial inappropriate treatment with intraa ...	1994	8064742
faster identification of mycobacteria using gas liquid and thin layer chromatography.	gas liquid chromatography (glc) and thin layer chromatography (tlc) analysis of cell wall content was used for identification of mycobacteria isolated in primary cultures. glc permitted determination of the fatty acid and alcohol profiles of mycobacterium simiae and mycobacterium marinum and detection of a peak in mycobacterium ulcerans formerly described for mycobacterium malmoense. using the data obtained to fill some of the gaps in the dichotomic trees of tisdall et al. and jantzen et al., gl ...	1994	7843176
new antimicrobials against mycobacterium marinum infection.		1994	7857853
thin-layer chromatography and mass spectrometry of pentafluorobenzylidene derivatives of members of the phthiocerol family from mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium marinum.	the difference in relative stereochemistry of the 1.3-diol unit of mycobacterial phthiocerols can be determined by simple thin-layer chromatographic analysis of pentafluorobenzylidene acetal derivatives. the threo phthiocerol acetals from mycobacterium tuberculosis are composed of equal amounts of two axial-equatorial stereoisomers but the erythro phthiocerols from mycobacterium marinum form only one acetal with diequatorial substituents. the two acetals formed from a threo phthiocerol can be se ...	1994	7947923
mycobacterium marinum infection in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.	a variety of mycobacterial organisms may infect patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, lymphoma, and sporotrichoid mycobacterium marinum is described. the patient responded completely to antimycobacterial therapy but relapsed when he discontinued his medications six months into his course. disease persistence in spite of therapy had been noted in other immunocompromised states but not previously in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. ...	1994	7956332
mycobacterium marinum skin infections. report of 31 cases and review of the literature.	mycobacterium marinum is a rare cause of skin infections, and its treatment has been based primarily on the personal experience and preferences of individual investigators without the benefit of large studies.	1994	8002687
clarithromycin: a potent agent against infections due to mycobacterium marinum.		1994	8038339
mycobacterium marinum persists in cultured mammalian cells in a temperature-restricted fashion.	we have explored the relatively rapidly growing animal and human pathogen mycobacterium marinum as an experimental model for mycobacterial pathogenesis. m. marinum, which has a lower temperature for optimal growth than does mycobacterium tuberculosis, has a much shorter generation time and can be safely studied in ordinary laboratory facilities and examined in multiple animal infection models. we have established an in vitro assay for its interaction with eukaryotic cells and shown that it persi ...	1994	8039892
nucleotide sequence and secondary structures of precursor 16s rrna of slow-growing mycobacteria.	slow-growing mycobacteria have a single ribosomal rna (rrn) operon, with the genes for 16s, 23s and 5s rrna being present in that order. the transcription start site of the rrn operon of mycobacterium tuberculosis was identified in escherichia coli. pcr methodology was used to amplify parts of the rrn operon, namely the leader region and the spacer-1 region separating the 16s rrna and 23s rrna genes of mycobacterium avium, mycobacterium paratuberculosis, mycobacterium intracellulare, 'mycobacter ...	1994	7512868
treatment of mycobacterium marinum facial abscess using clarithromycin.		1995	7567299
mycobacterium marinum arthritis.	mycobacterium marinum is an atypical acid-fast organism that is rarely associated with septic arthritis. most often this is seen in patients with monarticular synovitis of the hands or wrists, especially in association with a history of periarticular trauma or exposure to marine environments. from tissue obtained by aspiration or synovectomy, mycobacterium marinum can be identified by ziehl-nielson stain and has optimal growth in lowenstein-jenson medium. therapy should consist of at least two a ...	1995	7667643
[detection and identification of mycobacteria by pcr-rflp method].	the frequency of isolation of mycobacterium tuberculosis has reported to be decreased, however, mycobacterium species including mott (mycobacteria other than m. tuberculosis complex) still remain to be the important bacteria causing opportunistic infection. two clinical procedures have long been adopted to date for the detection of acid fast bacteria belonging to the family mycobacteriaceae. one is the direct microscopic examination of the specimen stained by ziehl-neelsen method, which is rapid ...	1995	7699930
purification and characterization of a low-molecular-mass t-cell antigen secreted by mycobacterium tuberculosis.	a novel immunogenic antigen, the 6-kda early secretory antigenic target (esat-6), from short-term culture filtrates of mycobacterium tuberculosis was purified by hydrophobic interaction chromatography and anion-exchange chromatography by use of fast protein liquid chromatography. the antigen focused at two different pis of 4.0 and 4.5 during isoelectric focusing, and each of these components separated into three spots ranging from 4 to 6 kda during two-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacry ...	1995	7729876
[skin infection by mycobacterium marinum].		1995	7769886
septic arthritis due to mycobacterium marinum.		1995	7473495
susceptibilities of nontuberculosis mycobacterial species to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid alone and in combination with antimycobacterial agents.	neither amoxicillin nor clavulanic acid used alone was active at the highest level tested, i.e., 256.0 micrograms/ml, in vitro against 24 isolates of mycobacterium fortuitum, mycobacterium kansasii, and mycobacterium marinum. however, the mic of an amoxicillin-clavulanic acid combination of 2:1 was < or = 8.0/4.0 micrograms/ml for 50 percent of the isolates tested, with all isolates being inhibited in the range of 4.0/2.0 to 32.0/16.0 micrograms/ml, respectively. titration of amoxicillin-clavula ...	1995	7492084
mycobacterium marinum.		1995	8521369
right hand and arm rash mycobacterium marinum infection.		1995	8542494
mycobacterium marinum disease in anne arundel county: 1995 update.	a retrospective survey of 41 cases of culture-positive mycobacterium marinum disease in anne arundel county, maryland, showed that most infection was related to recreational exposure to the chesapeake bay and its tributaries. three quarters of cases consisted of skin or joint/tendon infection of the upper extremity, particularly the hand. an empiric drug regimen for a granulomatous soft tissue infection in this context should include rifampin and ethambutol or cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim/sulfame ...	1995	8544670
disseminated mycobacterium marinum infection and bacteremia in a child with severe combined immunodeficiency.	we report an unusual case of disseminated dermatitis, osteomyelitis, and bacteremia in an immunocompromised host. an infant presented with a pustular skin rash resembling chicken pox, but culture of a skin lesion yielded mycobacterium marinum. upon further evaluation, severe combined immunodeficiency was diagnosed. radiographs of the hands and feet showed evidence of osteomyelitis. m. marinum was isolated from blood and synovial fluid. we recommend a high level of suspicion for this organism in ...	1995	8589169
mycobacterium marinum infection of the finger.	a case of mycobacterium marinum infection of a finger is described. this is a rare condition in the uk. the relevant literature is reviewed.	1995	8770745
infection of the upper extremity by mycobacterium marinum in a 3-year-old boy--diagnosis by 16s-rdna analysis.	a 3-year-old boy developed several subcutaneous nodular lesions on his right arm. based on the histological examination of one of these nodules furunculosis was suspected and cefuroxime was tentatively given. however, acid-fast bacilli were then detected in the tissue specimen and a few colonies of acid fast, gram-positive rods grew on blood agar. definitive species diagnosis (mycobacterium marinum) was rapidly achieved by automated sequencing of amplified 16s-rdna and antimicrobial therapy was ...	1996	8852464
[abscessed skin lesions caused by mycobacterium marinum].		1996	8695693
applications for green fluorescent protein (gfp) in the study of host-pathogen interactions.	the green fluorescent protein (gfp) from aequorea victoria is a novel fluorescent marker that has potential use in the study of bacterial pathogenicity. to explore some of the potential applications of gfp to the study of host-parasite interactions, we constructed two gfp expression vectors suitable for different facultative intracellular bacterial pathogens. the first expression vector was tested in the enteric pathogens, salmonella typhimurium and yersinia pseudotuberculosis, and the second ve ...	1996	8707055
comparative activity of azithromycin against clinical isolates of mycobacteria.	azithromycin exhibited in-vitro activity against 20 clinical isolates of mycobacterium avium complex for which the mic90 was 32 mg/l and 22 clinical isolates of other mycobacteria but showed no activity against 20 isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mic90 > 128 mg/l) nor against the single isolate of mycobacterium marinum tested (mic 128 mg/l). these results suggest that the drug may prove useful for the prophylaxis and treatment of infections due to non-tuberculous mycobacteria, including m ...	1996	8889727
[mycobacterium marinum skin infection in spain].		1996	8948935
in vitro & in vivo experimental susceptibility of mycobacterium marinum to augmentin.	the effect of augmentin alone and in combination with various beta-lactam antibiotics was studied against a pathogenic mycobacterium, m. marinum. the in vitro studies did not reveal any additional advantage over that found with augmentin alone and this antibiotic seemed considerably inhibitory to m. marinum at < 1 microgram/ml concentration. in vivo, the effects of augmentin on experimentally produced lesions in the mouse foot pads (mfps) showed a significant regression of the lesions, which was ...	1996	8979517
[a case of arthritis of the wrist caused by mycobacterium marinum. review of the literature].	the authors report the case of a woman aquarium keeper who developed septic arthritis of her right wrist due to mycobacterium marinum. clinical status and history, histopathologic and microbiologic characteristics are reviewed and discussed. the authors emphasize the importance of urgent and aggressive surgery combined with antimicrobial chemotherapy.	1996	9026056
facial sporotrichoid infection with mycobacterium marinum.	we report a case of mycobacterium marinum facial sporotrichoid infection in an otherwise healthy 2-year-old child, probably acquired through contact with pets in an aquarium. the m. marinum isolate was susceptible to clarithromycin, and the child was successfully treated with oral antibiotic therapy. this unusual case emphasizes the importance of a thorough history in the evaluation of a patient with chronic sporotrichoid skin lesions.	1997	9042142
antimicrobial treatment of fish tank granuloma.	three patients with fish tank granuloma of the hand and forearm are reported. each patient was treated with antimicrobial regimes which have rarely or never been previously used in this condition. two patients responded well to treatment, one who received ciprofloxacin plus clarithromycin and another who was given clarithromycin plus ethambutol. the third patient received six different antimicrobial regimes before responding to a combination of rifabutin and ciprofloxacin. our experience suggest ...	1997	9061551
[cutaneous infections by mycobacterium marinum. description of 3 cases and review of the literature].	human infection by mycobacterium marinum is infrequent and is currently reported in association with the management of aquariums. the epidemiologic, clinical and microbiologic characteristics of three cases in our hospital are herein reported.	1997	9101751
direct detection and identification of mycobacterium ulcerans in clinical specimens by pcr and oligonucleotide-specific capture plate hybridization.	we compared various diagnostic tests for their abilities to detect mycobacterium ulcerans infection in specimens from patients with clinically active disease. specimens from 10 patients from the area of zangnanado (department of zou, benin) with advanced, ulcerated active m. ulcerans infections were studied by direct smear, histopathology, culture, pcr, and oligonucleotide-specific capture plate hybridization (oscph). a total of 27 specimens, including 12 swabs of exudate collected before debrid ...	1997	9114387
differential trafficking of live and dead mycobacterium marinum organisms in macrophages.	we characterized the mycobacterium marinum phagosome by using a variety of endocytic markers to follow the path of the bacteria through a mouse macrophage cell line. using a laser confocal microscope, we found that the majority of viable m. marinum cells were in nonacidic vacuoles that did not colocalize with the vacuolar proton atpase (v-atpase), the calcium-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor (ci-m6pr), or cathepsin d. in contrast, heat-killed organisms and latex beads were in acidic vacu ...	1997	9119492
fish tank granuloma in a 14-month-old girl.	a 14-month-old girl developed a persistent ulcerated nodule on her right lower leg associated with further nodules along the thigh. a clinical diagnosis of fish tank granuloma was suspected because of tropical fish tanks at home. the diagnosis was confirmed when mycobacterium marinum was isolated from low-temperature culture of skin tissue. the child made a complete recovery following treatment with rifampicin for 6 months despite in vitro sensitivity tests reporting resistance. m. marinum infec ...	1997	9192414
application of the etest to the antimicrobial susceptibility testing of mycobacterium marinum clinical isolates.	mycobacterium marinum, a well-recognized cutaneous pathogen, is usually treated by chemotherapy without available standardized in vitro susceptibility testing information. in this study, we have attempted to apply the stable-gradient method (etest; ab biodisk, solna, sweden) to susceptibility testing of m. marinum in order to assess the activities of eight antimicrobial agents against 60 recent clinical strains of m. marinum collected from 10 geographic sites within the united states. two plated ...	1997	9230386
[mycobacterium marinum as the rare cause of a chronic skin and soft-tissue infection].		1997	9264926
mycobacterium marinum skin infection successfully treated with levofloxacin.		1997	9267238
a crtb homolog essential for photochromogenicity in mycobacterium marinum: isolation, characterization, and gene disruption via homologous recombination.	a gene essential for light-induced pigment production was isolated from the photochromogen mycobacterium marinum by heterologous complementation of an m. marinum cosmid library in the nonchromogen mycobacterium smegmatis. this gene is part of an operon and homologous to the streptomyces griseus and myxococcus xanthus crtb genes encoding phytoene synthase. gene replacement at this locus was achieved via homologous recombination, demonstrating that its expression is essential for photochromogenici ...	1997	9294446
direct detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in clinical samples from patients in norway by ligase chain reaction.	our aim was to investigate the use of dna amplification with the ligase chain reaction (lcr) for detection of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex directly in human clinical specimens. the lcr assay employed was the abbott lcx mtb assay, which uses the gene encoding protein antigen b as the target template. four hundred eighty-two samples from 457 patients in one clinical microbiology laboratory in norway were processed by routine culture analysis (bactec culture), direct microscopy (ziehl-nee ...	1997	9399528
osteomyelitis and tenosynovitis due to mycobacterium marinum in a fish dealer.	osteomyelitis caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria is rarely reported. we describe a case of tenosynovitis and osteomyelitis of the right middle finger and metacarpal bone caused by mycobacterium marinum in a fish dealer. this 52-year-old woman suffered progressive pain, numbness, tenderness, and erythematous swelling of the right middle finger over a 2-month period. a radiograph of the right hand disclosed osteolytic lesions at the third metacarpal bone and the third proximal phalanx. she was ...	1997	9409126
mycobacterial phagosome maturation, rab proteins, and intracellular trafficking.	one of the most prominent features of pathogenic mycobacteria, which include the potent human pathogens mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium leprae and their opportunistic relatives mycobacterium avium and mycobacterium marinum, is their ability to survive and multiply in phagosomes of mononuclear phagocytic cells. the phagocytosed mycobacteria reside in a vacuolar compartment which is exempted from maturation into the phagolysosome. recently, the arrest of the maturation of phagosomes c ...	1997	9527483
identification of mycobacteria infecting fish to the species level using polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzyme analysis.	an assay is described utilizing pcr technology for a rapid diagnostic test to identify fish infection with mycobacterium marinum, m. fortuitum and m. chelonae. a 924 bp dna fragment from a highly conserved area of the mycobacterial 16s rrna gene was amplified using mycobacteria genus-specific primers and digested with restriction enzymes (bani and apai). this examination yielded unique restriction patterns for each mycobacterial specie enabling identification of mycobacteria infecting fish to th ...	1997	9453133
mycobacterium marinum causes both long-term subclinical infection and acute disease in the leopard frog (rana pipiens).	mycobacterium marinum grows at an optimal temperature of 33 degrees c, far lower than that for m. tuberculosis. consequently, m. marinum infection of mammals is restricted largely to the cooler surfaces of the body, such as the extremities, but it causes a systemic infection in a large number of poikilothermic animals. here, we describe a laboratory animal model for m. marinum disease in the leopard frog (rana pipiens), a natural host species. m. marinum causes a chronic granulomatous, nonlethal ...	1997	9009340
fish tank granuloma--an unusual cause of skin infection.		1997	9440925
fish tank granuloma--a frequently misdiagnosed infection of the upper limb.	five patients attended the accident and emergency (a&e) department with fish tank granuloma caused by an infection with mycobacterium marinum. all patients had forearm symptoms which were initially misdiagnosed. they were later recognised by the presence of superficial cutaneous lesions in a sporotrichotic distribution. definitive diagnosis was confirmed by the histological appearances of a biopsy and or culture of the organism. all patients responded to oral minocycline and had uncomplicated re ...	1997	9413782
[persistent tuberous plaque in a finger].		1997	9411574
mycobacterium marinum infection causing septic arthritis and osteomyelitis.	a 48-yr-old female on immunosuppressive therapy for fibrosing alveolitis and polymyositis developed a septic arthritis of the left middle finger proximal interphalangeal joint, tenosynovitis of the left palm and osteomyelitis of the right hindfoot due to infection with mycobacterium marinum. such widespread and severe bone and joint involvement has not been described previously with this organism.	1997	9402866
[mycobacterium marinum. a rare cause of infection of the skin and joints].	mycobacterium marinum is a rare cause of disseminated infection in man. the case report describes an 80-year-old woman, who had been treated with oral corticosteroids for bronchial asthma for 40 years, and in the same period had been swimming daily in swimming pools. at the first admission, the symptoms and clinical findings were interpreted as seronegative rheumatoid arthritis. after eight years of disease with recurrent infections of the skin, periarticular tissues and joints in the hands and ...	1997	9304271
images in clinical medicine. mycobacterium marinum infection of the hand.		1997	9271484
short course monotherapy with clarithromycin for localized mycobacterium marinum skin infection.	in vitro studies have shown that mycobacterium marinum is usually susceptible to clarithromycin. however, there are limited published data on the clinical use of clarithromycin for the treatment of m marinum infections. this report describes a previously healthy 58-year-old man who developed a chronic soft tissue infection of his right hand caused by m marinum. he responded to four weeks' therapy with clarithromycin. follow-up at six months showed no relapse. our experience and review of the lit ...	1997	22514489