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a new device for rapid evaluation of biofilm formation potential by bacteria.this work describes the implementation of a new assay named the biofilm ring test to evaluate the ability of bacteria to form biofilms. this assay is based on the immobilisation (or not) of magnetic beads embedded by bacterial aggregates or mats (patented concept). it is realised on modified polystyrene 96-wells microtiter plates with individual 8-wells slides. the kinetic of biofilm formation of four bacterial species, listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli, staphylococcus carnosus and staphy ...200717218029
physical and genetic map of the staphylococcus xylosus c2a chromosome.staphylococcus xylosus is a ubiquitous bacterium frequently isolated from mammalian skin and occurring naturally on meat and dairy products. a physical and genetic map of the s. xylosus c2a chromosome was constructed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis after digestion with asci, apai, i-ceui, sfii and smai enzymes and hybridization analysis. the chromosome size was estimated to be 2868+/-10 kb. thirty-three genetic markers were mapped. the probable origin of replication (oric) was posit ...200717233729
microbiological changes in naturally fermented cassava fish (pseudotolithus sp.) for lanhouin production.cassava fish (pseudotolithus sp.) was naturally fermented on three different occasions at room temperature (28-30 degrees c) for 3 to 8 days and the microbial population and the occurrence of various bacterial species were monitored. in general, after a slight increase during the early stages of fermentation, the microbial population decreased as the fermentation progressed. a total of 224 isolates belonging to the genera bacillus, staphylococcus, micrococcus, streptococcus, corynebacterim, pseu ...200717291615
gly311 residue triggers the enantioselectivity of staphylococcus xylosus lipase: a monolayer study.using emulsified triacylglycerols, we have shown recently [mosbah et al., 2007, submitted for publication] that amino acid residue g311 of staphylococcus xylosus lipase (sxl) is critically involved in substrate selectivity, ph and temperature dependency. using the monomolecular film technique, we show in the present study that the four single mutants of this residue (g311l, g311w, g311d, and g311k), interact efficiently with egg-phosphatidyl choline (egg-pc) monomolecular films, comparably to th ...200717335837
[sensitivity to various antibiotics of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from samples of milk from dutch dairy cattle].during recent years the prevalence of coagulase-negative staphylococci in milk samples from dutch dairy cows has increased. in 1999 16.2% of the bacteria isolated from milk collected from cows with subclinical mastitis were coagulase-negative staphylococci. in 2004 this proportion was 42.2%. the proportion of coagulase-negative staphylococci of the bacteria isolated from milk samples from cows with clinical mastitis was 7.3% in 1999 and 14.1% in 2004. in this study, the susceptibility of 108 coa ...200717436810
involvement of gly 311 residue on substrate discrimination, ph and temperature dependency of recombinant staphylococcus xylosus lipase: a study with emulsified substrate.the importance of microbial lipases like the staphylococcal ones, results not only from their significance implication in the bacterial lipid metabolism but also their involvement in some pathogenic processes. the aminoacid sequence of the mature staphylococcus xylosus lipase (sxl) shows 99.7% identity with the mature aminoacid sequence of staphylococcus simulans lipase (ssl) with one substitution of gly311 by val. in spite of this high homology, the two lipases present significant differences i ...200717521919
the n-terminal his-tag affects the enantioselectivity of staphylococcal lipases: a monolayer study.in order to check the influence of the polyhistidine tag at the n-terminus of recombinant lipases, a comparative study on the interfacial properties of native and recombinant staphylococcus simulans (ssl and rssl) or staphylococcus xylosus lipase (sxl and rsxl) was investigated using the monomolecular film technique. no phospholipase activity was detected with rssl or rsxl when using different phospholipids spread as monomolecular films maintained at various surface pressures, suggesting that th ...200717532333
microbial ecology of the soppressata of vallo di diano, a traditional dry fermented sausage from southern italy, and in vitro and in situ selection of autochthonous starter cultures.the microbial ecology of "soppressata of vallo di diano," a traditional dry fermented sausage from southern italy, was studied by using both culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches. the ripened fermented sausages were characterized by high microbial loads of both staphylococci and lactobacilli. using pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (pcr-dgge) targeting the variable v3 and v1 regions of the 16s rrna gene and direct dna sequencing, it was possible to identify staphylococcu ...200717616625
the microbial ecology of a typical italian salami during its natural fermentation.we have investigated the bacteria and yeast ecology of the typical italian ciauscolo salami that is produced in central italy using a polyphasic approach based on culture-dependent and -independent methods. the physico-chemical analyses showed a progressive drop in ph and water activity (aw) during ripening. the viable counts revealed a dominance of lactic acid bacteria (lab) over coagulase negative cocci (cnc) and yeasts. from the molecular identification of the isolates, the prevalence of lact ...200717628130
proteomic analysis of cell envelope from staphylococcus xylosus c2a, a coagulase-negative staphylococcus.staphylococcus xylosus is a saprophytic bacterium commonly found on skin of mammals but also used for its organoleptic properties in manufacturing of fermented meat products. this bacterium is able to form biofilms and to colonize biotic or abiotic surfaces, processes which are mediated, to a certain extent, by cell-envelope proteins. thus, the present investigation aimed at evaluating and adapting different existing methods for cell-envelope subproteome analyses of the strain s. xylosus c2a. th ...200717636987
interactions between strains of staphylococcus xylosus and kocuria varians isolated from fermented meats.to evaluate the interactions of staphylococcus xylosus on kocuria varians strains isolated from fermented meat products. methods and results: interactions were assessed in vitro by agar spot test, agar well diffusion assay and spectrophotometric assay. the growth of k. varians (five strains) alone was compared with that in the presence of growing cells of s. xylosus (50 strains) or in the presence of heat-treated or untreated supernatants of s. xylosus. sixteen strains stimulated the growth of k ...200717714408
genomic diversity in staphylococcus xylosus.staphylococcus xylosus is a commensal of the skin of humans and animals and a ubiquitous bacterium naturally present in food. it is one of the major starter cultures used for meat fermentation, but a few strains could potentially be hazardous and are related to animal opportunistic infections. to better understand the genetic diversity of s. xylosus intraspecies, suppressive and subtractive hybridization (ssh) was carried out with the s. xylosus c2a strain, a commensal of human skin, used as the ...200717890333
evolution of slime production by coagulase-negative staphylococci and enterotoxigenic characteristics of staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from various human clinical specimens.the present study was designed to determine the slime production of coagulase-negative staphylococci (cons) and the enterotoxigenic properties of staphylococcus aureus strains, and to evaluate the clinical importance of slime-producing cons and enterotoxigenic s. aureus strains isolated from various human clinical specimens. for this purpose, a total of 120 staphylococcus strains were isolated and identified, and further characterized for their slime production and enterotoxigenicity. of the cli ...200717893164
optimization of lipase-catalyzed synthesis of acetylated tyrosol by response surface methodology.the ability of a noncommercial immobilized lipase from staphylococcus xylosus (sxli) to catalyze the transesterification of tyrosol and ethyl acetate was investigated. response surface methodology was used to evaluate the effects of the temperature (40-60 degrees c), the enzyme amount (50-500 ui), and the ethyl acetate/hexane volume ratio (0.2-1) on the tyrosol acetylation conversion yield. two independent replicates were carried out under the optimal conditions predicted by the model (reaction ...200718001032
preliminary analysis of the lipase gene (gehm) expression of staphylococcus xylosus in vitro and during fermentation of naturally fermented sausages (in situ.coagulase-negative catalase-positive cocci (cncpc) play a very important role during the fermentation of sausages. in particular, they are involved in the aroma formation of the final product, because they release lipases that are able to free short-chain fatty acids that are contributing to the sensory characteristics of the fermented sausage. few studies have been undertaken to elucidate the regulation of lipase gene expression in staphylococcus xylosus by substrate molecules or products of li ...200718044454
characterization and technological properties of staphylococcus xylosus strains isolated from a tunisian traditional salted meat.the technological properties of strains of staphylococcus xylosus were studied to select the most suitable for use as starter cultures for the production of dried fermented meat products. strains of s. xylosus were isolated from traditional salted tunisian meat and were identified by biochemical and molecular methods. thirty strains of s. xylosus were studied to evaluate their catalase, nitrate reductase, lipolytic, proteolytic and antibacterial activities as well as growth ability at different ...200722061592
biochemical and sensory characteristics of traditional fermented sausages of vallo di diano (southern italy) as affected by the use of starter cultures.in this study, two strains of staphylococcus xylosus isolated from traditional fermented sausages of vallo di diano (southern italy) were used in combination with an acidifying strain of lactobacillus curvatus as starter culture for the production of fermented sausages. two starter formulation were developed combining the proteolytic but not lipolytic (prt(+), lip(-)) s. xylosus cvs11 with the l. curvatus avl3 (starter s1) and the s. xylosus fvs21 (prt(-), lip(+)) with the same strain of l. curv ...200722064299
assessment of high hydrostatic pressure and starter culture on the quality properties of low-acid fermented sausages.the addition of starter culture and high pressure processing after ripening improved the microbial quality of low-acid fermented sausages (fuet and chorizo). the use of lactobacillus sakei ctc6626 and staphylococcus xylosus ctc6013 as starter culture significantly reduced enterobacteriaceae and enterococcus levels in the finished sausages. moreover, the addition of starter culture produced sausages of similar quality to traditional low-acid fermented sausages. slightly lower ph values and higher ...200722064190
characterization of micrococcaceae isolated from iberian dry-cured sausages.the populations of micrococcaceae in different types of iberian dry-cured sausages from central-west spain were characterized and their technological and antimicrobial properties determined in order to evaluate their suitability as starter cultures in dry-cured sausage manufacture. of a total of four hundred strains isolated from two manufacturers, one hundred and sixty-six were selected to evaluate nitrate reductase, proteolytic, lipolytic, and antimicrobial activities, and growth at different ...200722064035
effects of starter cultures and nitrite levels on formation of biogenic amines in sucuk.the effects of starter cultures, starter a (lactobacillus sakei+staphylococcus carnosus) and starter b (pediococcus acidilactici+staphylococcus xylosus+lactobacillus curvatus), nitrite levels (0, 75, and 150ppm) and ripening period on biogenic amine production were investigated in sucuk (turkish dry-fermented sausage) production. changes in biogenic amines, ph, water activity, moisture, non-protein nitrogen, nitrite and counts of lactic acid bacteria, micrococcus/staphylococcus, enterobacteriace ...200722061796
microbiological characteristics of "androlla", a spanish traditional pork sausage.counts of total aerobic mesophilic microflora, lactic acid bacteria, salt-tolerant microflora, enterobacteriaceae, enterococci, moulds and yeasts, and staphylococci, and some physico-chemical parameters (total solids, nacl and nitrate contents and ph and aw values) were determined in 20 units of "androlla", a traditional dry-fermented sausage made in the nw of spain. in general, high counts of all the investigated microbial groups were observed, with average values of 8.99 +/- 0.46 log cfu/g for ...200716943094
comparison of the compositional, microbiological, biochemical and volatile profile characteristics of three italian pdo fermented sausages.three italian pdo fermented sausages, varzi, brianza and piacentino, were compared for compositional, microbiological, biochemical and volatile profile characteristics. mean values for the gross composition varied especially due to moisture, fat, total protein and nitrate concentration which reflected differences in the ingredients and some technological parameters. cell numbers of the major microbial groups were almost similar among sausages. the major differences were found for brochothrix the ...200822062750
proteolytic and lipolytic starter cultures and their effect on traditional fermented sausages ripening and sensory traits.in this study, three starter formulations including lactobacillus curvatus and staphylococcus xylosus strains selected in vitro on the basis of their lipolytic and proteolytic activities were employed for the manufacture of traditional fermented sausages of southern italy. microbial population, proteolysis, lipolysis, changes in free amino acids (faa) and free fatty acids (ffa) and development of characteristic taste and flavor of the final product were investigated. proteolysis and lipolysis we ...200818206776
rapid detection and quantification of tyrosine decarboxylase gene (tdc) and its expression in gram-positive bacteria associated with fermented foods using pcr-based methods.in this study, pcr-based procedures were developed to detect the occurrence and quantify the expression of the tyrosine decarboxylase gene (tdc) in gram-positive bacteria associated with fermented foods. consensus primers were used in conventional and reverse transcription pcr to analyze a collection of 87 pure cultures of lactic acid bacteria and staphylococci. all enterococci, staphylococcus epidermidis, lactobacillus brevis, lactobacillus curvatus, and lactobacillus fermentum strains and 1 of ...200818236668
surface migration of staphylococcus xylosus on low-agar media.staphylococcus xylosus is a commensal species commonly found on the skin of mammals, but also currently used as starter culture for meat fermentation. most strains of this species colonize by forming a biofilm on abiotic surfaces. we show here that the majority of s. xylosus strains also exhibit extensive colony spreading on the surface of soft agar media. this phenomenon seemed to be independent of biofilm-forming ability. it occurred in different culture media and was dependent on temperature. ...200818434100
antibiotic resistance of coagulase-negative staphylococci associated with food and used in starter cultures.the resistance of 330 coagulase-negative staphylococci (cns) associated with food or used in starter cultures and belonging to the species staphylococcus carnosus, staphylococcus condimenti, staphylococcus piscifermentans, staphylococcus equorum, staphylococcus succinus and staphylococcus xylosus, against 21 antibiotics was determined using the disk diffusion method. the incidence and number of resistances was found to be species and source of isolation dependent. most strains of s. equorum (63% ...200818625535
lambdasa2 prophage endolysin requires cpl-7-binding domains and amidase-5 domain for antimicrobial lysis of streptococci.streptococcal pathogens contribute to a wide variety of human and livestock diseases. the routine use of antibiotics to battle these pathogens has produced a new class of multidrug-resistant streptococci. thus, there is a need for new antimicrobials. bacteriophage endolysins (peptidoglycan hydrolases) comprise one group of new antimicrobials that are reportedly refractory to resistance development. the lambdasa2 prophage endolysin gene was recently isolated from a group b streptococcal genome, e ...200818673393
characterization of toxin production of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from food and starter cultures.in this study a comprehensive analysis of toxin production of food associated coagulase-negative staphylococci (cns) was investigated. the strains belong to the following staphylococcal species, staphylococcus carnosus, staphylococcus condimenti, staphylococcus equorum, staphylococcus piscifermentans, staphylococcus succinus, and staphylococcus xylosus, which were isolated from fermented food and starter cultures. a collection of 330 strains were analyzed with respect to their hemolytic activity ...200818752861
effect of processing methods and starter culture (staphylococcus xylosus and pediococcus pentosaceus) on proteolytic changes in turkish sausages (sucuk) during ripening and storage.proteolytic changes in turkish sausages (sucuk) produced by two methods (heat processing and traditional) were determined during processing and storage for 90 days. the sausages were produced with or without starter culture in both methods. a mixture of staphylococcus xylosus and pediococcus pentosaceus was used as starter culture for their acidic and proteolytic characteristics. the major changes in proteolytic characteristics of sucuk took place during the fermentation stage, with an increase ...200822063339
microbial interactions within a cheese microbial community.the interactions that occur during the ripening of smear cheeses are not well understood. yeast-yeast interactions and yeast-bacterium interactions were investigated within a microbial community composed of three yeasts and six bacteria found in cheese. the growth dynamics of this community was precisely described during the ripening of a model cheese, and the lotka-volterra model was used to evaluate species interactions. subsequently, the effects on ecosystem functioning of yeast omissions in ...200817981942
antibiotic resistance genes and identification of staphylococci collected from the production chain of swine meat commodities.staphylococci harbouring antibiotic resistance (ar) genes may represent a hazard for human health and, as other resistant food-related bacteria, they contribute to the spread of ar. in this study, we isolated resistant staphylococci from an entire swine production chain and investigated the occurrence of 11 genes [aac(6')ie-aph(2'')ia, blaz, meca, vana, vanb, erma, ermb, ermc, tet(m), tet(o) and tet(k)] encoding resistance to some antibiotics largely used in clinical practice. the 66 resistant s ...200817993395
culture of staphylococcus xylosus in fish processing by-product-based media for lipase production.the objective of this study was to demonstrate that fish-processing by-products could be used as sole raw material to sustain the growth of staphylococcus xylosus for lipase production.200819120924
effects of lactobacillus plantarum and staphylococcus xylosus on the quality characteristics of dry fermented sausage "sucuk".the effect of starter culture, containing the strains lactobacillus plantarum gm77 and staphylococcus xylosus gm92, isolated from traditional sucuk, on the quality characteristics of dry fermented sausage (sucuk) during ripening period was studied. the microbiological (lactic acid bacteria, micrococcus/staphylococcus, enterobacteriaceae) and physicochemical (ph, a(w), npn, tbars) properties and volatile compounds, extracted by solid phase microextraction and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass s ...200919200122
response to somatic cell count-based selection for mastitis resistance in a divergent selection experiment in sheep.a divergent selection experiment in sheep was implemented to study the consequences of log-transformed somatic cell score (scs)-based selection on resistance to natural intramammary infections. using dams and progeny-tested rams selected for extreme breeding values for scs, we created 2 groups of ewes with a strong divergence in scs of approximately 3 genetic standard deviations. a survey of 84 first-lactation ewes of both the high and low scs lines indicated favorable responses to scs-based sel ...200919233814
kinetics of growth and 3-methyl-1-butanol production by meat-borne, coagulase-negative staphylococci in view of sausage fermentation.five species of meat-borne, coagulase-negative staphylococci were screened for their in vitro production of 3-methyl-1-butanol. the highest production level was encountered for staphylococcus sciuri alphasg2, despite its poor growth. with respect to staphylococcus species that are generally applied in sausage starter cultures, production of 3-methyl-1-butanol was higher with staphylococcus xylosus 3pa6 than with staphylococcus carnosus 833. mathematical modelling was used to link the kinetics of ...200919251335
comparative subproteome analyses of planktonic and sessile staphylococcus xylosus c2a: new insight in cell physiology of a coagulase-negative staphylococcus in biofilm.staphylococcus xylosus is a gram-positive bacterium found on the skin of mammals and frequently isolated from food plants and fermented cheese or meat. to gain further insight in protein determinants involved in biofilm formation by this coagulase-negative staphylococcus, a comparative proteomic analysis between planktonic and sessile cells was performed. with the use of a protocol previously developed, protein patterns of the cytoplasmic and cell envelope fractions were compared by 2-de. follow ...200919253936
[isolation and study of perspective probiotic strain of spore-forming bacteria from bacillus genus].to study physiologic, biochemical as well as antagonistic characteristics of isolated strain of bacillus pumilus in comparison with known spore-forming bacteria from b. subtilis species.200919623717
the uropathogenic species staphylococcus saprophyticus tolerates a high concentration of d-serine.human urine contains a relatively high concentration of d-serine, which is toxic to several nonuropathogenic bacteria, but can be utilized or detoxified by uropathogenic escherichia coli (upec). the sequenced genome of uropathogenic staphylococcus saprophyticus contains a gene with homology to the d-serine deaminase gene (dsda) of upec. we found the gene in several clinical isolates of s. saprophyticus; however, the gene was absent in staphylococcus xylosus and staphylococcus cohnii, phylogeneti ...200919674114
investigation of associations of yarrowia lipolytica, staphylococcus xylosus, and lactococcus lactis in culture as a first step in microbial interaction analysis.the interactions that may occur between microorganisms in different ecosystems have not been adequately studied yet. we investigated yeast-bacterium interactions in a synthetic medium using different culture associations involving the yeast yarrowia lipolytica 1e07 and two bacteria, staphylococcus xylosus c2a and lactococcus lactis ld61. the growth and biochemical characteristics of each microorganism in the different culture associations were studied. the expression of genes related to glucose, ...200919684166
characterization and identification of proteolytic bacteria from the gut of the velvetbean caterpillar (lepidoptera: noctuidae).the characterization and identification of proteolytic bacteria from the gut of the velvetbean caterpillar (anticarsia gemmatalis) were the objectives of this study. twelve aerobic and anaerobic isolates of proteolytic bacteria were obtained from the caterpillar gut in calcium caseinate agar. the number of colony forming units (cfus) of proteolytic bacteria was higher when the bacteria were extracted from caterpillars reared on artificial diet rather than on soybean leaves (1.73 +/- 0.35 x 10(3) ...200919689886
antibiotic resistance patterns of coagulase-negative staphylococcus strains isolated from blood cultures of septicemic patients in turkey.the aim of this study is to determine antibiotic resistance patterns and slime production characteristics of coagulase-negative staphylococci (cons) caused nosocomial bacteremia. a total of 200 cons strains were isolated from blood samples of patients with true bacteremia who were hospitalized in intensive care units and in other departments of istanbul university cerrahpasa medical hospital between 1999 and 2006. among 200 cons isolates, staphylococcus epidermidis was the most prevalent species ...200917475456
iram-an alpha2-macroglobulin from the hard tick ixodes ricinus: characterization and function in phagocytosis of a potential pathogen chryseobacterium indologenes.the universal protease inhibitors of the alpha(2)-macroglobulin (alpha(2)m) family are evolutionarily conserved constituents of innate immunity, presumably because they guard organisms against undesired proteolytic attacks of a different origin. here, we determined the primary structure of alpha(2)-macroglobulin from the hard tick ixodes ricinus (iram) by sequencing of overlapping pcr products. predicted disulfide and glycosylation patterns, post-translational cleavage and alternative splicing w ...200918948134
prevalence and persistence of coagulase-negative staphylococcus species in three dairy research herds.coagulase-negative staphylococcus species (cns) were isolated from 11.3% (1407 of 12,412) of mammary quarter milk samples obtained from cows in three dairy research herds in 2005. approximately 27% (383/1407) of cns was identified to the species level. the species distribution among those cns identified from all herds was staphylococcus chromogenes (48%), staphylococcus hyicus (26%), staphylococcus epidermidis (10%), staphylococcus simulans (7%), staphylococcus warneri (2%), staphylococcus homin ...200918950962
prevalence and herd-level risk factors for intramammary infection with coagulase-negative staphylococci in dutch dairy herds.in this study, the prevalence of intramammary infection (imi) with coagulase-negative staphylococci (cns) in the netherlands was estimated on 49 randomly selected herds with at least 40 lactating cows. in total, 4220 quarter milk samples were collected. the prevalence of cns imi in the netherlands was estimated at 10.8% at quarter level and 34.4% at cow level, making it the most frequently isolated group of pathogens. fourteen species of cns were identified; the most frequently isolated species ...200918977613
exposure to culturable airborne bioaerosols during noodle manufacturing in central taiwan.biological hazards associated with the manufacturing of noodles have not been well characterized in taiwan. this is an issue that flour workers can be exposed to bioaerosols (airborne fungi and bacteria) resulting flour-induced occupational asthma or allergic diseases. this study is to survey the species and concentrations of bioaerosols at different sites within a noodle factory for one year, and to investigate the effects of environmental factors on concentrations of bioaerosols. air samples w ...200919062076
performance of api staph id 32 and staph-zym for identification of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from bovine milk samples.in this study, the accuracy of two phenotypic tests, api staph id 32 and staph-zym, was determined for identification of coagulase-negative staphylococci (cns) from bovine milk samples in comparison with identification based on dna-sequencing. a total of 172 cns isolated from bovine milk were classified into 17 species. the most frequently isolated species based on rpob sequencing were staphylococcus chromogenes and staphylococcus epidermidis, followed by staphylococcus xylosus, staphylococcus w ...200919110383
co-metabolism of 2,4-dichlorophenol and 4-cl-m-cresol in the presence of glucose as an easily assimilated carbon source by staphylococcus xylosus.comparison of the ability of staphylococcus xylosus to degrade 2,4-dichlorophenol and 4-cl-m-cresol in separate cultures is reported. bacterial adaptation and the continuous presence of glucose, as a conventional carbon source, were found to stimulate the degrading efficiency of s. xylosus. 4-cl-m-cresol exhibited higher substrate-induced toxicity with k(ig) value at 0.25 mm, comparing to 2,4-dichlorophenol (k(ig) value at 0.90 mm) at initial concentration ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 mm. degradation ...200918678444
viability of staphylococcus xylosus isolated from artisanal sausages for application as starter cultures in meat products.viability of staphylococcus xylosus isolated from artisanal sausages for application as starter cultures in meat products viability of staphylococcus xylosus strains ad1 and u5 isolated from natural fermented sausages was investigated as starter cultures in fermented sausages produced in the south region of brazil. the study demonstrated that the staphylococcus xylosus strains ad1 and u5 showed significant growth during fermentation, stability over freeze-dried process, negative reaction for sta ...200924031331
equilibrium, thermodynamic and kinetic studies on biosorption of mn(ii) from aqueous solution by pseudomonas sp., staphylococcus xylosus and blakeslea trispora cells.biosorption of mn(ii) from aqueous solutions using pseudomonas sp., staphylococcus xylosus and blakeslea trispora cells was investigated under various experimental conditions of ph, biomass concentration, contact time and temperature. the optimum ph value was determined to 6.0 and the optimum biomass concentration to 1.0 g l(-1) for all types of cells. mn(ii) biosorption was found to fit better to the langmuir model for pseudomonas sp. and b. trispora and to freundlich model for s. xylosus. lang ...201020663610
volatile profile and microbiological characterization of hollow defect in dry-cured ham.this paper describes the physicochemical and microbiological parameters and volatile profile of the muscles surrounding the coxofemoral joint which are affected with hollow defect when compared to the part of muscles nearby which did not show this defect. differences of the same parameters between both areas in dry-cured hams without this defect were also analyzed. gram-positive catalase-positive cocci were the predominant flora in the muscles affected with hollow defect, with the main species b ...201020674188
the application of staphylococci with flavour-generating potential is affected by acidification in fermented dry sausages.differences in the production of bacterial metabolites with potential impact on fermented sausage flavour were found in meat simulation medium when comparing different strains of staphylococcus xylosus and staphylococcus carnosus as starter cultures. overall, higher levels of 3-methyl-1-butanol and acetoin were found for s. xylosus, with some intraspecies variability. in addition, sausage fermentation parameters affected staphylococcal growth and metabolism. strong acidification, as in northern- ...201020688237
spontaneous staphylococcus xylosus infection in mice deficient in nadph oxidase and comparison with other laboratory mouse strains.staphylococcus xylosus typically is described as a nonpathogenic common inhabitant of rodent skin. reports of s. xylosus as a primary pathogen in human and veterinary medicine are scarce. here we report 37 cases, affecting 12 strains of laboratory mice, of spontaneous infections in which s. xylosus was isolated and considered to be the primary pathogen contributing to the death or need for euthanasia of the animal. infection with s. xylosus was the major cause of death or euthanasia in 3 strains ...201020819397
generation of chitin-derived oligosaccharides toxic to pathogenic bacteria using chia74, an endochitinase native to bacillus thuringiensis.to demonstrate that an endochitinase (chia74) native to bacillus thuringiensis can be used to generate chitin-derived oligosaccharides (ogs) with antibacterial activity against a number of aetiological agents of disease, including bacteria that cause diarrhoeal and emetic syndromes in humans.201020557451
activity of telavancin and comparator antimicrobial agents tested against staphylococcus spp. isolated from hospitalised patients in europe (2007-2008).the activity of telavancin was evaluated against staphylococcus spp. collected from european hospitals as part of an international surveillance study (2007-2008). a total of 7534 staphylococcal clinical isolates [5726 staphylococcus aureus and 1808 coagulase-negative staphylococci (cons)] were included. isolates were tested for susceptibility according to reference methods and minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) values were interpreted based on clinical and laboratory standards institute (cls ...201020598860
interactions between lactobacillus sakei and cnc (staphylococcus xylosus and kocuria varians) and their influence on proteolytic activity.to evaluate interactions between lactobacillus sakei and coagulase negative cocci (cnc) (staphylococcus xylosus and kocuria varians) and to investigate the influence of these interactions on their own proteolytic activity.201020875035
citrus peel influences the production of an extracellular naringinase by staphylococcus xylosus mak2 in a stirred tank reactor.staphylococcus xylosus mak2, gram-positive coccus, a nonpathogenic member of the coagulase-negative staphylococcus family was isolated from soil and used to produce naringinase in a stirred tank reactor. an initial medium at ph 5.5 and a cultivation temperature of 30°c was found to be optimal for enzyme production. the addition of ca(+)² caused stimulation of enzyme activity. the effect of various physico-chemical parameters, such as ph, temperature, agitation, and inducer concentration was stud ...201020922381
staphylococcus xylosus isolated from an otogenic brain abscess in an adolescent. 201020969474
identification of staphylococcus spp. using (gtg)₅-pcr fingerprinting.a group of 212 type and reference strains deposited in the czech collection of microorganisms (brno, czech republic) and covering 41 staphylococcus species comprising 21 subspecies was characterised using rep-pcr fingerprinting with the (gtg)₅ primer in order to evaluate this method for identification of staphylococci. all strains were typeable using the (gtg)₅ primer and generated pcr products ranging from 200 to 4500 bp. numerical analysis of the obtained fingerprints revealed (sub)species-spe ...201021095086
dominant bacterial communities in the rumen of gayals (bos frontalis), yaks (bos grunniens) and yunnan yellow cattle (bos taurs) revealed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis.the dominant rumen bacteria in gayals, yaks and yunnan yellow cattle were investigated using pcr-dgge approach. the analysis of dgge profiles, identification of dominant bands and phylogenetic analysis 16s rdna sequences in dgge profiles were combined to reveal the dominant bacterial communities and compared the differences between those cattle species. dgge profiles revealed that gayals had the most abundant dominant bacteria and the lowest similarity of intraspecies between individuals than ot ...201021140219
safety-related properties of staphylococci isolated from food and food environments.to test some safety-related properties within 321 staphylococci strains isolated from food and food environments.201021143714
differentiation of staphylococcus spp. by high-resolution melting analysis.high-resolution melting analysis (hrma) is a fast (post-pcr) high-throughput method to scan for sequence variations in a target gene. the aim of this study was to test the potential of hrma to distinguish particular bacterial species of the staphylococcus genus even when using a broad-range pcr within the 16s rrna gene where sequence differences are minimal. genomic dna samples isolated from 12 reference staphylococcal strains (staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus capitis, staphylococcus caprae ...201021164574
evaluation of different starter cultures (staphylococci plus lactic acid bacteria) in semi-ripened salami stuffed in swine gut.the ripening properties were evaluated in semi-ripened pork salami started by different cultures: cxp (pediococcus pentosaceus, staphylococcus xylosus and staphylococcus carnosus); rap (lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus sakei, s. xylosus and s. carnosus); and gy2 (l. sakei, s. xylosus and s. carnosus). these starters were chosen by their technological activities: cxp (rapid acidifying); rap (medium acidifying); and gy2 (slow acidifying plus intense reddening-flavouring). salami was enhanced ...201021177044
response surface optimization of medium components for naringinase production from staphylococcus xylosus mak2.response surface methodology was used to optimize the fermentation medium for enhancing naringinase production by staphylococcus xylosus. the first step of this process involved the individual adjustment and optimization of various medium components at shake flask level. sources of carbon (sucrose) and nitrogen (sodium nitrate), as well as an inducer (naringin) and ph levels were all found to be the important factors significantly affecting naringinase production. in the second step, a 22 full f ...201019763896
heterologous expression and purification of a heat-tolerant staphylococcus xylosus lipase.staphylococcus xylosus is a microorganism involved in fermentation of meat products and also a natural producer of extracellular lipases. the aim of the present work was to clone and express in e. coli a lipase from s. xylosus (af208229). this lipase gene (1084 bp) was amplified from a s. xylosus strain isolated from naturally fermented salami and introduced in pet14b expression vector in order to express the recombinant fusion protein (histidine-tagged lipase) in e. coli. recombinant histidine- ...201019876776
diversity of staphylococcus species strains based on partial kat (catalase) gene sequences and design of a pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay for identification and differentiation of coagulase-positive species (s. aureus, s. delphini, s. hyicus, s. intermedius, s. pseudintermedius, and s. schleiferi subsp. coagulans).a set of degenerate pcr primers was designed and used to amplify and sequence about 75% of the catalase (kat) gene from each of 49 staphylococcal strains. in some strains of staphylococcus xylosus, s. saprophyticus, and s. equorum, two catalase genes, kata and katb, were found. a phylogenetic tree was generated and showed diversities among 66 partial (about 900-bp) staphylococcal kat nucleotide sequences (including 17 sequences found in genbank) representing 26 different species. the topology of ...201019889901
biodiversity of indigenous staphylococci of naturally fermented dry sausages and manufacturing environments of small-scale processing units.the staphylococcal community of the environments of nine french small-scale processing units and their naturally fermented meat products was identified by analyzing 676 isolates. fifteen species were accurately identified using validated molecular methods. the three prevalent species were staphylococcus equorum (58.4%), staphylococcus saprophyticus (15.7%) and staphylococcus xylosus (9.3%). s. equorum was isolated in all the processing units in similar proportion in meat and environmental sample ...201020141949
differential characterization of biogenic amine-producing bacteria involved in food poisoning using maldi-tof mass fingerprinting.histamine poisoning is caused by the consumption of fish and other foods that harbor bacteria possessing histidine decarboxylase activity. with the aim of preventing histamine formation, highly specific mass spectral fingerprints were obtained from the 16 major biogenic amine-producing enteric and marine bacteria by means of maldi-tof ms analysis. all bacterial strains analyzed exhibited specific spectral fingerprints that enabled its unambiguous differentiation. this technique also identified p ...201020151397
distribution of aminogenic activity among potential autochthonous starter cultures for dry fermented sausages.any bacterial strain to be used as starter culture should have suitable characteristics, including a lack of amino acid decarboxylase activity. in this study, the decarboxylase activity of 76 bacterial strains, including lactic acid bacteria and gram-positive, catalase-positive cocci, was investigated. these strains were previously isolated from european traditional fermented sausages to develop autochthonous starter cultures. of all the strains tested, 48% of the lactic acid bacteria strains an ...201020202339
biochemical and structural characterization of two site-directed mutants of staphylococcus xylosus lipase.staphylococcus xylosus af208229 lipase was expressed in e. coli containing an histidine-tag (wt-val). in the present work, in order to check the importance of the residue 309 in the specific activity, the amino acid side chain residue valine 309 was substituted by aspartate or lysine through site-directed mutagenesis. both mutant lipases (mut-lys and mut-asp) were expressed in e. coli and the recombinant histidine-tagged lipases were purified by immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography. the ...201020387014
comparative studies on the degradation of three aromatic compounds by pseudomonas sp. and staphylococcus xylosus.biological methods of wastewater treatment have been proved very effective for bioremediation of polluted sites. in this study, the degrading abilities of two bacteria pseudomonas sp. and staphylococcus xylosus, towards 1,2-dichlorobenzene (1,2-dcb), 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-dcp) and 4-cl-m-cresol, are compared. culture history and the presence of glucose as carbon source have been used for the optimization of cell's performance. 1,2-dcb showed the higher values of effective concentration (ec(50) ...201020486010
polymerase chain reaction detection of enterotoxins genes in coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from brazilian minas cheese.for a long time, staphylococcus aureus has been always thought to be the only pathogenic species among staphylococcus, while coagulase-negative staphylococci (cns) were classified as contaminant agents. however, molecular techniques have shown that these microorganisms also possess enterotoxin-encoding genes. the aim of this study was to analyze the frequency of genes for staphylococcal enterotoxins sea, seb, sec, and sed in cns strains isolated from minas soft cheese and to assess the in vitro ...201020528174
comparative study of wild and transformed salt tolerant bacterial strains on triticum aestivum growth under salt stress.eleven salt tolerant bacteria isolated from different sources (soil, plants) and their transformed strains were used to study their influence on triticum aestivum var. inqlab-91 growth under salt (100 mm nacl) stress. salt stress caused reduction in germination (19.4%), seedling growth (46%) and fresh weight (39%) in non-inoculated plants. in general, both wild and transformed strains stimulated germination, seedling growth and fresh weight in salt free and salt stressed conditions. at 100 mm na ...201024031574
effects of pure starter cultures on physico-chemical and sensory quality of dry fermented chinese-style sausage.dry fermented chinese-style sausages prepared in laboratory inoculating with lactobacillus casei subsp. casei-1.001, pediococcus pentosaceus-atcc 33316, staphylococcus xylosus-12 and without starter culture randomly sampled at 0, 3, 10, and 24 days of ripening were analyzed for physico-chemical and sensory qualities. a significant (p<0.05) decrease in moisture content of sausage during ripening was observed, whereas other major chemical parameters remained unchanged. the microbial fermentation r ...201023572623
comparison of phenotypic methods in predicting methicillin resistance in coagulase-negative staphylococcus (cons) from animals.phenotypic detection of methicillin resistance in coagulase-negative staphylococcus (cons) of animal origin has been challenging due to the heterogeneous expression of meca. to compare different phenotypic methods in predicting the meca presence in cons, a total of 87 cons isolates from agricultural animals were analyzed in this study by agar dilution, disk diffusion, and broth microdilution. meca was present in 81 cons isolates. broth microdilution demonstrated the highest sensitivity of 100% i ...201120538309
the importance of staphylococci and threshold value of somatic cell count for diagnosis of sub-clinical mastitis in pirlak sheep at mid-lactation.this study investigated the bacterial agents causing sub-clinical mastitis and the mean somatic cell counts (scc) of milk in pirlak sheep at mid-lactation. the percentage of infected udder halves was 11.4% (53/464). the most frequently isolated species were coagulase-negative staphylococci (cns) (64.2%), followed by staphylococcus aureus (24.5%) and escherichia coli (11.3%). among the cns, the most common species was staphylococcus epidermidis (38.2%). the other species isolated from milk sample ...201121366722
identification and characterization of potential autochthonous starter cultures from a croatian "brand" product "slavonski kulen".the microbial population of a traditional croatian fermented sausage "slavonski kulen" was isolated, identified and subjected to technological and functional characterization in order to select potential autochthonous functional starter cultures. dominant microflora were lactic acid bacteria (lab), followed by staphylococci. identification of isolated lactobacilli showed domination of leuconostoc mesenteroides and lactobacillus acidophilus while staphylococcus xylosus and staphylococcus warneri ...201121377808
some coagulase-negative staphylococcus species affect udder health more than others.a longitudinal study in 3 dairy herds was conducted to profile the distribution of coagulase-negative staphylococcus (cns) species causing bovine intramammary infection (imi) using molecular identification and to gain more insight in the pathogenic potential of cns as a group and of the most prevalent species causing imi. monthly milk samples from 25 cows in each herd as well as samples from clinical mastitis were collected over a 13-mo period. coagulase-negative staphylococci were identified to ...201121524522
biodiversity and dynamics of meat fermentations: the contribution of molecular methods for a better comprehension of a complex ecosystem.the ecology of fermented sausages is complex and includes different species and strains of bacteria, yeasts and molds. the developments in the field of molecular biology, allowed for new methods to become available, which could be applied to better understand dynamics and diversity of the microorganisms involved in the production of sausages. methods, such as denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge), employed as a culture-independent approach, allow to define the microbial dynamics during ...201121555189
structural stability of staphylococcus xylosus lipase is modulated by zn(2+) ions.lipases are well-known enzymes extensively used in industrial biotransformation processes. besides, their structural and catalytic characteristics have attracted increasing attention of several industries in the last years. in this work, we used biophysical and molecular modeling tools to assess structural properties of staphylococcus xylosus lipase (sxl). we studied the thermal unfolding of this protein and its zinc-dependent thermotolerance. we demonstrated that sxl is able to be active and st ...201121621655
use of reca gene sequence analysis for the identification of staphylococcus equorum strains predominant on dry-cured hams.spanish dry-cured ham is an uncooked meat product highly appreciated due to its characteristics flavour. in this study, we examined the accuracy of biochemical tests and 16s rdna sequencing in the identification of 56 staphylococcal strains isolated during industrial spanish dry-cured ham processes. important differences were observed comparing genotypic and phenotypic data. staphylococcus xylosus was the prevalent species identified by biochemical methods (87.5%), however, sequencing of the 16s ...201121645821
molecular detection of enterotoxins e, g, h and i in staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from clinical samples of newborns in brazil.aims:ôçé the objective of this study was to investigate the detection of see, seg, seh and sei in strains of staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci (cns) using rt-pcr. methods and results:ôçé in this study, 90 staph.┬áaureus strains and 90 cns strains were analysed by pcr for the detection of genes encoding staphylococcal enterotoxins (se) e, g, h and i. one or more genes were detected in 54 (60%) staph.┬áaureus isolates and in 29 (32┬à2%) cns isolates. staphylococcus epiderm ...201121672099
aerobic bacteria from mucous membranes, ear canals, and skin wounds of feral cats in grenada, and the antimicrobial drug susceptibility of major isolates.in a 2-year period 54 feral cats were captured in grenada, west indies, and a total of 383 samples consisting of swabs from rectum, vagina, ears, eyes, mouth, nose and wounds/abscesses, were cultured for aerobic bacteria and campylobacters. a total of 251 bacterial isolates were obtained, of which 205 were identified to species level and 46 to genus level. a commercial bacterial identification system (api/biomerieux), was used for this purpose. the most common species was escherichia coli (n=60) ...201120627391
spontaneous bacterial keratitis in cd36 knockout mice.cd36 is a class b scavenger receptor that is constitutively expressed in the corneal epithelium and has been implicated in many homeostatic functions, including the homeostasis of the epidermal barrier. the aim of this study is to determine (1) whether cd36 is required for the maintenance of the corneal epithelial barrier to infection, and (2) whether cd36-deficient mice present with an increased susceptibility to bacterial keratitis.201120847111
synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel cationic bodipy photosensitizers.bodipys are versatile dyes never tested before in photodynamic application against prokaryotes. we specifically synthesized two cationic bodipys (compounds 3 and 4) with structural features suitable for this pourpose. the novel bodipys are both characterized by the presence of one pyridinium cationic group on position 8 and two iodine atoms on 2,6-positions of the dipyrrolylmethene structure, thus ensuring solubility in 1/1 water/organic solvent mixture and a good singlet oxygen formation rate. ...201222682365
antimicrobial mechanism of monocaprylate.monoglyceride esters of fatty acids occur naturally and encompass a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. monocaprylate is generally regarded as safe (gras) and can function both as an emulsifier and as a preservative in food. however, knowledge about its mode of action is lacking. the aim of this study was therefore to elucidate the mechanism behind monocaprylate's antimicrobial effect. the cause of cell death in escherichia coli, staphylococcus xylosus, and zygosaccharomyces bailii was inv ...201222344642
monitoring of the microbial communities involved in the soy sauce manufacturing process by pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis.soy sauce is a traditional seasoning produced through the fermentation of soybeans and wheat using microbes. in this study, the microbial communities involved in the soy sauce manufacturing process were analyzed by pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (pcr-dgge). the bacterial dgge profile indicated that the bacterial microbes in the koji were weissella cibaria (weissella confusa, weissella kimchii, weissella salipiscis, lactobacillus fermentum, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus iner ...201222475947
differences between coagulase-negative staphylococcus species in persistence and in effect on somatic cell count and milk yield in dairy goats.coagulase-negative staphylococci (cns) are the most commonly isolated bacteria from goat milk. the goal of this study was to explore and describe differences between cns species in persistence of intramammary infection (imi) and in effect on somatic cell count (scc) and milk yield (my). milk samples were collected from 530 does from 5 dutch dairy goat herds on 3 occasions during 1 lactation. coagulase-negative staphylococci species were identified at the species level by transfer rna-intergenic ...201222916911
influence of beet sugar, calcium lactate, and staphylococcus xylosus (with nitrate reductase activity) on the chemical, microbiological, and sensorial properties of persian uncured frankfurters.this study investigated the effects of beet sugar (bs), calcium lactate (cl), and staphylococcus xylosus (sx) on the general characteristics of uncured frankfurters. minimum residual nitrite was observed in samples with a high level of bs and s. xylosus (8log(10) l0 viable cfu/g) after 2 mo. there was an increase in total aerobic counts in frankfurters after 4 wk. samples containing higher bs and cl had no clostridium perfringens at storage time. histamine content was similar for all treatments ...201222946602
reactive oxygen species produced by the nadph oxidase 2 complex in monocytes protect mice from bacterial infections.chronic granulomatous disease (cgd) is an inherited disorder characterized by recurrent life-threatening bacterial and fungal infections. cgd results from defective production of reactive oxygen species by phagocytes caused by mutations in genes encoding the nadph oxidase 2 (nox2) complex subunits. mice with a spontaneous mutation in ncf1, which encodes the ncf1 (p47(phox)) subunit of nox2, have defective phagocyte nox2 activity. these mice occasionally develop local spontaneous infections by st ...201222491245
investigation of antimicrobial activity and statistical optimization of bacillus subtilis spb1 biosurfactant production in solid-state fermentation.during the last years, several applications of biosurfactants with medical purposes have been reported. biosurfactants are considered relevant molecules for applications in combating many diseases. however, their use is currently extremely limited due to their high cost in relation to that of chemical surfactants. use of inexpensive substrates can drastically decrease its production cost. here, twelve solid substrates were screened for the production of bacillus subtilis spb1 biosurfactant and t ...201222536017
biodiversity and characterization of indigenous coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from raw milk and cheese of north italy.the aim of the current study was to detect coagulase-negative staphylococci (cns) in raw milk and cheeses produced in north italy, and to analyze isolates for their biodiversity, safety aspects and technological properties. molecular identification methods revealed a high biodiversity among isolates and assigned them to 17 species. the most recovered species were staphylococcus equorum (12%), staphylococcus lentus (12%), staphylococcus simulans (12%), staphylococcus sciuri (10%), and staphylococ ...201223498185
antimicrobial resistance and genotypes of staphylococci from bovine milk and the cowshed environment.investigation of antimicrobial resistance and genetic relatedness of staphylococci from milk of cows with mastitis and cowshed environment was the aim of this study. antimicrobial resistance against 14 antimicrobials were determined by using a disc diffusion method. genetic similarity between the most frequently isolated species was analysed by pfge (pulsed-field gel electrophoresis). haemolytic activity, dnase, protease and esterase production was also investigated. coagulase-negative staphyloc ...201223390765
construction of homologous and heterologous synthetic sucrose utilizing modules and their application for carotenoid production in recombinant escherichia coli.sucrose is one of the most promising carbon sources for industrial fermentation. we expressed synthetic modules expressing genes of the pep-pts and non-pts pathways in escherichia coli k12 for comparison. we selected pep-pts pathway genes of lactobacillus plantarum and staphylococcus xylosus and non-pts pathway genes of sucrose-utilizing (scr(+)) e. coli ec3132. switchable scr(+) modules expressing e. coli ec3132 non-pts genes conferred better sucrose-utilizing ability on scr(-)e. coli k12 than ...201223313673
treating animal bites: susceptibility of staphylococci from oral mucosa of cats.infected wounds determined by cats' bites represent high costs to public health, and their adequate treatment relies on the knowledge of the antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial agents found in the oral microbiota. members of the genus staphylococcus sp. belong to the microbiota of the oral mucosa of cats and are frequently involved in secondary infections of these wounds. this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility of staphylococcus species isolated from oral mucosa of ca ...201223280142
a staphylococcus xylosus isolate with a new mecc allotype.recently, a novel variant of meca known as mecc (meca(lga251)) was identified in staphylococcus aureus isolates from both humans and animals. in this study, we identified a staphylococcus xylosus isolate that harbors a new allotype of the mecc gene, mecc1. whole-genome sequencing revealed that mecc1 forms part of a class e mec complex (meci-mecr1-mecc1-blaz) located at the orfx locus as part of a likely staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec element (sccmec) remnant, which also contains a number ...201223274660
erythema nodosum associated with staphylococcus xylosus septicemia.staphylococcus xylosus is a coagulase-negative staphylococcus. it is a commensal bacterium associated with skin and mucous membranes and occasionally it can cause human infections. we report the first case of erythema nodosum developed in a young woman with s. xylosus septicemia and specific serum antibody response.201223266237
catalase-positive cocci in fermented sausage: variability due to different pork breeds, breeding systems and sausage production technology.the aim of this study was to compare the ecology of catalase-positive cocci (cpc) present in traditional fermented sausages produced using different breeds of pork, each of which was raised in two different environments and processed using two different technologies. semi-quantitative molecular methods were used to determine bacterial identities. almost all fermentations were characterised by a significant increase in cpc during the first few days of fermentation, reaching values of 10(5)-10(6)  ...201222202871
characterization of staphylococcus xylosus isolated from broiler chicken barn bioaerosol.in this study we isolated and characterized staphylococcus xylosus, a coagulase-negative staphylococcal species considered as commensal and one of the prevalent staphylococcal species found in poultry bioaerosol. isolates were obtained using air samplers and selective phenylethyl alcohol agar for gram-positive bacteria during 35-d periods at different times of the day. a total of 200 colonies were recovered and after basic biochemical tests were performed, presumptive staphylococci were subseque ...201223155006
quantification of bacteria on abiotic surfaces by laser scanning cytometry: an automated approach to screen the antifouling properties of new surface coatings.bacterial biofilms are a persistent source of contamination, and much effort has been invested in developing antifouling surfaces or coatings. a bottleneck in developing such coatings is often the time-consuming task of screening and evaluating a large number of surface materials. an automated high-throughput assay is therefore needed. in this study, we present a promising technique, laser scanning cytometry (lsc), for automated quantification of bacteria on surfaces. the method was evaluated by ...201222713755
degradation of pcbs in a frankfurter-type meat emulsion: effects of a meat starter, its proteins extract and thermal treatments.the degradation of a series of polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) congeners (pcbs 10, 28, 52, 138, 153, 180) in meat emulsions of a frankfurter type was investigated. with a pool of these pcbs added to the meat emulsion, three initial experimental groups were used: no further addition, or plus a commercial meat starter (containing staphylococcus xylosus and staphylococcus carnosus), or plus the protein extract from this commercial meat starter. prior to further treatments, these samples were incubat ...201222659289
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