Publications

anaerobic infections in children: a prospective study.	the prevalence and significance of anaerobic infections in patients at st. louis children's hospital were studied prospectively for a one-year period. blood, selected body fluids, and aspirates obtained from abscesses or areas of cellulitis were cultured using special anaerobic collection and processing techniques. infected peritoneal fluid from patients with gastrointestinal disease yielded a large proportion of all anaerobic isolates. the types of organisms isolated were common inhabitants of ...	1976	1256941
anaerobic infections in surgery: clinical review.	anaerobic bacteria are being recognized with increasing frequency as important micro-organisms in surgical infections. clostridium, bacteriodes, fusobacterium, and peptostreptococcus are the clinically prominent pathological anaerobes. all are commensals and, consequently, most anaerobic infections are endogenous in origin. in the colon, anaerobes are 1,000 times more prevalent than aerobes. this has important implications regarding the management of gastrointestinal tract operations and the tre ...	1976	1257897
[gas forming infections. a case of non-clostridial anaerobic cellulitis].		1976	1258028
the biosynthesis of ethyl lithocholate by fecal microorganisms.		1976	1263499
anaerobic streptococcal corneal ulcer.	an anaerobic streptococcus caused a central corneal ulcer in a 10-year-old girl. there were no identifying clinical findings. the lesion healed promptly and satisfactorily with antibiotic therapy.	1976	1266933
rosamicin: in vitro activity against anaerobes and comparison with erythromycin.	the in vitro activity of rosamicin was determined against 231 strains of anaerobic bacteria and compared with the activity of erythromycin against the same strains. rosamicin and erythromycin had similar activity against strains of peptostreptococcus and gram-positive nonsporeforming bacilli. rosamicin was somewhat more active against strains of peptococcus, clostridium, and gram-negative anaerobes. all strains of bacteroides fragilis tested were inhibited by 4 mug of rosamicin or less per ml, w ...	1976	1267432
[antibacterial and bactericidal activity of tinidazole against anaerobic bacteria comparing with metronidazole (author's transl)].	antibacterial activity of tinidazole (1-2-(ethylsulfonyl)-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole) against anaerobic bacteria including peptococcus, peptostreptococcus, eubacterium, propionibacterium, bacteroides and fusobacterium was studied by agar dilution method comparing with metronidazole. in addition to this work, bactericidal effect of tinidazole and metronidazole against p. prevotii, b. fragilis ss. fragilis and f. varium was examined by quantitative culture method after incubation in gam broth conta ...	1976	1271586
evaluation of the sodium polyanethol sulfonate disk test for the identification of peptostreptococcus anaerobius.	the previously reported sodium polyanethol sulfonate disk test for the identification of peptostreptococcus anaerobius (graves et al., 1974) was evaluated, with modifications. three bands of brucella agar, three inoculum sizes, and two inoculum sources were compared. nine stock cultures of p. anaerobius (eight normal flora isolates and atcc 27337) and 16 fresh clinical isolates were used. all cultures of p. anaerobius showed inhibition zones of 12 to 30 mm in diameter, regardless of test conditi ...	1976	185236
survival of anaerobic bacteria during transportation. 1. experimental investigations on the effect of evacuation of atmospheric air by flushing with carbon dioxide and nitrogen.	the effect of evacuation of atmospheric air during transportation on recovery of anaerobic bacteria was investigated. evacuation of atmospheric air from glass tubes by flushing with pure carbon dioxide lowered the content of oxygen to about 0.4 per cent. three b. fragilis strains and one strain of fusobacterium mortiferum and of peptostreptococcus anaerobius were investigated. bacterial recovery was determined one hour and 24 hours after evacuation of atmospheric air by pure carbon dioxide and p ...	1976	3089
identification and properties of 8-hydroxyflavin--adenine dinucleotide in electron-transferring flavoprotein from peptostreptococcus elsdenii.	1. a new flavin prosthetic group has been isolated in pure form from the electron-transferring flavoprotein of peptostreptococcus elsdenni. its structure has been established as the fad derivative of 7-methyl-8-hydroxyisoalloxazine: (see article). proof of this structure has been obtained by chemical syntehsis of 7-methyl-8-hydroxyisoalloxazine models, and by stepwise degradation of the native compound to 7-methy-8-hydroxyalloxazine. the orange chromophore is characterized by a strong absorption ...	1976	4321
non-heme iron proteins. the amino acid sequence of rubredoxin from desulfovibrio vulgaris.	a non-heme iron protein, rubredoxin has been isolated from the sulfate-reducing bacterium, desulfovibrio vulgaris, strain hildenborough. the complete amino acid sequence has been established. the 52 amino acid residues of the protein were aligned with the aid of tryptic and chymotryptic peptides and of a fragment produced by cleavage of the asn-gly bond (22-23) by hydroxylamine. the sequence of the first 30 residues of the molecule was determined using an automatic sequenator, after removal of t ...	1976	7308
bacterial interference by oropharynegeal and clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria.	anaerobic isolates were tested for bacterial inhibitory activity. of 144 isolates, 102 were from oropharynegeal washings, and 42 were from clinical specimens. thirteen facultative bacterial species (seven members of the enterobacteriaceae and six species of gram-positive cocci) were used as indicators of inhibition. eleven anaerobic species were isolated from oral secretions. all isolates of bacteroides melaninogenicus, the most commonly recovered species, consistently inhibited several species ...	1976	10336
studies on the binding of fmn by apoflavodoxin from peptostreptococcus elsdenii, ph and nacl concentration dependence.	1. the ph and ionic strength dependence of the interaction of fmn with apoflavodoxin has been studied by fluorometry in the ph region 2-5, at 22 degrees c. 2. the rate constant of dissociation and the dissociation constant were experimentally determined; the rate constants of association were claculated at a given ph value. these constants depend on the ionic strength. the plots of these constants against the square root of the ionic strength are straight. 3. our data have been interpreted in te ...	1976	10978
the elimination of urease activity in streptococcus faecium as evidence for plasmid-coded urease.	a strain of streptococcus faecium from the sheep rumen showed spontaneous loss of urease activity when subcultured at the normal rumen temperature of 38 degrees c, although in mixed cultures in vivo or in vitro loss of urease was not apparent. the rate of loss of urease in pure cultures was increased at incubation temperatures above 38 degrees c, but loss was never complete. however, at temperatures below 38 degrees c loss was greater, and at 22 or 18 degrees c the urease was completely eliminat ...	1976	1107485
evaluation of amniotic fluid for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.	studies of 117 pregnant women, 83 at term, were instituted to determine the bacteriologic state of amniotic fluid, utilizing both standard aerobic and anaerobic technics. a high association of postpartum infection was found in women who had long periods of premature reptured membranes and many vaginal examinations. significant organisms including anaerobes, were isolated in many of these instances. based on the findings of these studies, it is recommended that amniocentesis for aerobic and anaer ...	1976	1108641
the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone associated with anaerobic thoracic empyema.	the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone has been associated with many pulmonary diseases, including tuberculosis and bacterial and viral pneumonia: however, it has not been reported with anaerobic infections or empyema in the absence of pneumonia. we report a patient with empyema due to bacteroides melaninogenicus, bacteroides oralis, and peptostreptococcus who developed the syndrome. eight hours before the start of therapy, his serum sodium concentration was 127 meq per ...	1977	15491
in vitro inhibition of growth of neisseria gonorrhoeae by genital microorganisms.	the ability of microorganisms present in titers of over 10(5)/ml in the vaginal or cervical secretions to inhibit growth of n. gonorrhoeae in vitro was tested. study of a strain of n. gonorrhoeae against 77 microorganisms demonstrated that most strans of s. epidermidis, s. aureus and the one "gaffkya anaerobia" interfered with the growth of the n. gonorrhoeae. a minority of strains of s. viridans, neisseria, candida and bifidobacterium demonstrated interference. no strains of enterococcus, dipth ...	1977	17163
effect of pressure upon the fluorescence of various flavodoxins.	the effects of hydrostatic pressure in the range of 10(-3) to 11 kbar on the fluorescence of flavodoxins from peptostreptococcus elsdenii, desulfovibrio vulgaris, azotobacter vinelandii, and clostridium mp were investigated. the first three flavoproteins showed under high pressure enhancements of flavin fluorescence of over 50 times resulting from the release of flavin mononucleotide from the protein complex. the clostridial flavodoxin showed a very much smaller fluorescence change. at ph 7.5 th ...	1977	20943
current aspects of gas gangrene, apropos of 47 cases collected over a 3-year period (1974-1976).	on the basis of 47 cases of gas gangrene collected over the three year period between 1974 and 1976, the authors review the circumstances surrounding its development, the clinical features and the prognosis of the disorder which remains grave despite a well-defined therapeutic protocol combining surgery, antibiotics and hyperbaric oxygen. there would appear to be a real resurgence of the disease at the present time. post-traumatic and surgical aetiologies predominate, giving rise to two types of ...	1977	23023
anaerobic bacteria in biliary disease in elderly patients.	gallbladder bile from 52 elderly subjects who had undergone biliary tract surgery was examined for the presence of bacteria. twelve patients had sterile bile, 18 specimens of bile yielded anaerobes as well as aerobes, and 22 yielded aerobic bacteria only. escherichia coli was the most commonly isolated organism (30 strains). bacteroides fragilis was the most frequently encountered anaerobic bacterium and was found in 15 patients. the klebsiella-enterobacter group was the second most commonly iso ...	1977	192815
a continuous fluorometric assay for flavokinase. properties of flavokinase from peptostreptococcus elsdenii.	a continuous fluorometric assay that utilizes apoflavodoxin as a trapping agent for riboflavin 5'-phosphate (fmn) has been developed for flavokinase (atp:riboflavin 5'-phosphotransferase, ec 2.7.1.26). use of this assay is illustrated in a procedure for the partial purification of flavokinase from the strict anaerobe peptostreptococcus elsdenii. the purified enzyme catalyzed the formation of 8.3 nmol fmn - min-1 - mg-1 at 37 degrees c and had apparent km values for riboflavin and atp of 10 and 4 ...	1977	195619
gelatin neutralization of the inhibitory effect of sodium polyanethol sulfonate on neisseria meningitidis in blood culture media.	the inhibitory effect of sodium polyanethol sulfonate (0.05%) upon growth of neisseria meningitidis was found to be neutralized by adding gelatin (l.1%) to the growth medium. the neutralizing effect was demonstrated in solid medium, as well as in nutrient broth for blood cultures. the findings parallel those of wilkins and west (6) regarding gelatin neutralization of the inhibitory effect of sodium polyanethol sulfonate on peptostreptococcus anaerobius.	1977	195978
[fecal flora of man. v. communication: the fluctuation of the fecal flora of the healthy adult (author's transl)].	seven fecal specimens from each of healthy persons, aged 25 to 42 years, during the period of 2 months were analyzed to obtain the knowledge on the day-to-day variation in the same person and the person-to-person variation. irrespective of individuals, bacteroidaceae, catenabacteria (eubacteria and strict anaerobic lactobacilli), peptostreptococci (anaerobic gram positive cocci) and bifidobacteria constituted the predominant flora. spirillaceae, megasphaerae and clostridia (except cl. perfringen ...	1977	196456
the in vitro and in vivo activity of taurolin against anaerobic pathogenic organisms.	an antibacterial agent, taurolin, formed by the combination of 2 molecules of taurine with 3 molecules of formaldehyde has been tested against anaerobes in vitro and in vivo. in vitro, taurolin is highly active against bacteroides species and anaerobic streptococci as measured by the minimum inhibitory concentration. in vivo, small dosages of taurolin given intraperitoneally increase the mortality in mice with bacteroides peritonitis. however, by increasing the dosage of taurolin, survival is pr ...	1977	201040
differentiation of several isolates of peptococcus magnus by counterimmunoelectrophoresis.	uniform sonicated suspensions of three clinical isolates of peptococcus magnus that were morphologically, chromatographically, and biochemically identical were used to produce hyperimmune antisera in rabbits. similar hyperimmune serum was prepared to a single strain of peptostreptococcus anaerobius. when these antisera and antigens were tested by counterimmunoelectrophoresis, the three isolates of peptococcus magnus were immunologically distinct. none of the antisera to peptococcus magnus formed ...	1977	68929
predominant cultivable microbiota in periodontosis.		1977	138729
bacteriological studies of developing supragingival dental plaque.		1977	138733
bactericidal activity of tinidazole. an in vitro comparison of the effects of tinidazole and metronidazole against bacteroides fragilis and other anaerobic bacteria.	the new antiprotozoal agent, tinidazole, was found to be bactericidal against all 52 isolates of obligate anaerobic bacteria tested, 42 bacteroides fragilis, 4 clostridia and 6 peptostreptococci. the minimum bactericidal concentrations of tinidazole for b. fragilis ranged from 0.25 to 4 mug/ml, and those of metronidazole from 0.25 to 8 mug/ml, i.e. several times lower than the serum concentrations achievable after oral administration. in most cases the mic was identical with mbc or half of it. o ...	1977	318974
a double-blind comparison of clindamycin with penicillin plus chloramphenicol in treatment of septic abortion.	the responses to therapy with either clindamycin alone or penicillin plus chloramphenicol in 77 patients with septic abortions were compared in a randomized, double-blind study. although fever index and duration of hospitalization were similar for both groups of patients, significantly more patients in the group that received clindamycin developed major complications (p less than 0.05). this is believed to result from clindamycin's lack of activity against aerobic gram-negative bacilli. aggressi ...	1977	321709
[growth of non-sporing anaerobes in an oxygen-free blood culture system (author's transl)].	the efficacy of the commercially available vacutainer blood culture system to support the growth of non-sporing anaerobes was compared with two laboratory-prepared blood culture media (supplemented thioglycollate medium and brain heart infusion). the media were inoculated with 10, 100 and 1000 organisms of the species tested, and the number of colony-forming units was determined at intervals of 8-10 hrs. analogous experiments were performed with batches of the media to which 10% vol/vol of human ...	1977	325956
bacteriology of necrotizing fasciitis.	sixteen patients with necrotizing fasciitis were observed under clinical and laboratory conditions for collection, preservation, and culture that permitted optimal retrieval of anaerobes. the clinical observations of necrosis of fascia, subcutaneous fat and skin with thrombosis of the microvasculature, and absence of myonecrosis were clearly apparent in these patients. two clear-cut groups of culture and gram stain results were found, suggesting that the clinical entity of necrotizing fasciitis ...	1977	327844
necrotizing fasciitis in postpartum patients. a report of four cases.	necrotizing fascitis is a rare but rapidly progressive soft tissue infection not previously reported in an obstetric patient. since cure is dependent on rapid recognition and early surgical intervention, 4 cases are reported herein, the bacteriology discussed, and the literature reviewed.	1977	337196
bacteriological findings in cultures of clinical material from bartholin's abscess.	purulent exudate from 28 cases of bartholin's abscess were examined for aerobic, anaerobic, and microaerophilic bacteria. three cases gave no bacterial growth, five cases grew facultative bacteria only, and a further three grew a mixture of facultative and anaerobic bacteria. one case gave a pure growth of a microaerophilic streptococcus. anaerobic bacteria were the only isolates in 16 cases and bacteroides species were the most common organisms isolated; they were present as 62.5% of the total ...	1977	338640
eikenella corrodens subacute bacterial endocarditis: mixed infection in amphetamine user.		1977	340988
erythromycin and anaerobes: in vitro aspects.	anaerobic organisms are being increasingly recognised as important causes of serious infection in man. sampling procedures, transport of specimens and laboratory techniques need to be constantly monitored and improved if the causative organisms are to be consistently recovered from clinical specimens. once the organisms have been isolated, their susceptibility to antibiotics should be determined so that the clinician can base his antibiotic therapy on reliable laboratory results. there are many ...	1977	341310
amino acid sequence of desulfovibrio vulgaris flavodoxin.	the complete amino acid sequence for the 148-amino acid flavodoxin from desulfovibrio vulgaris was determined to be: h3n+-met-pro-lys-ala-leu-ile-val-tyr-gly-ser-thr-thr-gly-asn-thr-glu-tyr-thr-ala-glu-thr-ile-ala-arg-glu-leu-ala-asn-ala-gly-tyr-glu-val-asp-ser-arg-asp-ala-ala-ser-val-glu-ala-gly-gly-leu-phe-glu-gly-phe-asp-leu-val-leu-leu-gly-cys-ser-thr-trp-gly-asp-asp-ser-ile-glu-leu-gln-asp-asp-phe-ile-pro-leu-phe-asp-ser-leu-glu-glu-thr-gly-ala-gln-gly-arg-lys-val-ala-cys-phe-gly-cys-gly-as ...	1977	402366
dental caries in gnotobiotic rats inoculated with a strain of peptostreptococcus intermedius.		1977	264886
neonatal scalp abscess and fetal monitoring: factors associated with infection.	forty-two of 929 (4.5 per cent) newborn infants prospectively studied following continuous, direct fetal heart rate monitoring during labor developed a scalp abscess at the site of electrode application during the neonatal period. factors associated with infection with the use of a multivariate analysis were duration of monitoring (p less than 0.01) and high-risk indications for monitoring (p less than 0.01). of the 42 infected neonates, 33 had complete bacteriologic studies. microorganisms were ...	1977	561542
fermentation of mucins and plant polysaccharides by anaerobic bacteria from the human colon.	a total of 154 strains from 22 species of bifidobacterium, peptostreptococcus, lactobacillus, ruminococcus, coprococcus, eubacterium, and fusobacterium, which are present in high concentrations in the human colon, were surveyed for their ability to ferment 21 different complex carbohydrates. plant polysaccharides, including amylose, amylopectin, pectin, polygalacturonate, xylan, laminarin, guar gum, locust bean gum, gum ghatti, gum arabic, and gum tragacanth, were fermented by some strains from ...	1977	563214
aanerobic isolates in hemovac lines.	seventeen of 68 patients (25 percent) who required the use of hemovac drainage system after major head and neck procedures had positive anaerobic islates. co-isolation of aerobic (94 percent) and other anaerobic (29 percent) microorganisms are common. there was an increased rate of psoitive anaerobic islates with procedures requiring exposure of mucosa. radiotherapy, except in doses greater than 6,800 rads, did not affect the culture rate. eight of 17 patients (47 percent) with positive anaerobi ...	1977	831050
numbers and types of anaerobic bacteria isolated from clinical specimens since 1960.	between 1960 and 1974, 826 specimens, excluding stool, urine, sputum, and blood, yielded 689 (83%) positive cultures, of which 403 (58.5%) contained anaerobic bacteria. this represents 48.8% of the total specimens cultured. isolates from 153 specimens obtained and stocked from 1965 to 1974 were reidentified by current criteria. gram-negative bacilli, primarily bacteroides, were the most frequently isolated anaerobes, being found in 70% of 153 anaerobe-positive specimens and accounting for 42% of ...	1977	833266
antimicrobial effect of amniotic fluid against anaerobic bacteria.	amniotic fluid samples were obtained at term and tested for their antimicrobial effect on anaerobes, peptostreptococcus (ps.) anaerobius, peptococcus (pc.) prevotii, bacteroides (b.) fragilis, and b. coagulans with facultative escherichia (e.) coli serving as control. amniotic fluid had only temporary bacteriostatic effect on pc. prevotii and b. fragilis for 8 to 16 hours. this effect lasted for only 8 hours on ps. anaerobius. on the contrary, the bacteriostatic effect of amniotic fluid was well ...	1977	835621
[clinical experience with parenteral clindamycin (author's transl)].		1977	839646
[susceptibility to thiamphenicol and chloramphenicol of anaerobic bacteria (author's transl)].	the in vitro susceptibility to thiamphenicol and chloramphenicol of 272 anaerobes, most of which were recent clinical isolated, was determined by broth dilution tests, with chloramphenicol, 133 anaerobic gram-negative non-sporing rods (48 bacteroides fragilis, 13 b. thetaiotaomicron, 14 b. oralis, 16 sphaerophorus varius etc.) had mic values of 0.03 through 16 microng/ml. very similar results (mic, 0.06-16 microng/ml) were obtained with thiamphenicol. in concentrations of 4 microng/ml or less ch ...	1977	848218
anaerobic bacteria in otitis media.	anaerobic bacteria, peptostrepotococcus intermedius and propionibacterium acnes, were found in mixed culture specimens from four to ten tested cases of chronic secretory otitis media. these anaerobic bacteria were in a mixed infection flora with aerobic bacteria most often staphylococcus epidermidis and cornybacterium sp. which do not fit any established species. the findings of anaerobic bacteria in otitis media is consistent with the sporadic report of the involvement of anaerobic bacteria in ...	1977	848830
phylogenetic studies of two rubredoxins from sulfate reducing bacteria.	the sequences of two rubredoxins isolated from the sulfate reducing bacteria: desulfovibrio vulgaris and desulfovibrio gigas have been elucidated. they have similar sequences but many more differences occur than would be expected from two bacteria of the same genus. of the 52 sites, only 37 are occupied by identical residues. the primary structures are compared with those of the anaerobic bacteria rubredoxins of clostridium pasteurianum, micrococcus aerogenes, pseudomonas oleovorans and peptostr ...	1977	864718
hepatic necrobacillosis. report of a case resembling metastatic tumor.	a 47-year-old man had multiple pyogenic liver abscesses from which the anaerobic bacteria fusobacterium nucleatum and peptostreptococcus were isolated. the clinical course, diagnostic evaluation, and appearance of the lesions at surgery suggested metastatic tumor. histologically, the lesions consisted of necrotic liver tissue surrounded by zones of acute and chronic inflammation and fibrous connective tissue closely resembling the lesions of hepatic necrobacillosis attributable to f necrophorum. ...	1977	869652
endocarditis treated with clindamycin: relapse and liver dysfunction.	clindamycin was used to treat six patients with endocarditis because of allergy to penicillin in five, and an unfavorable clinical response to methicillin in one. only one patient had an uneventful cure with clindamycin. two had hepatotoxicity which resolved rapidly after clindamycin was stopped. two patients, one of whom had an aortic prosthesis, had completed four to six weeks of clindamycin therapy when clinical relapse occurred and blood cultures were again positive for a clindamycin-sensiti ...	1977	877644
urease assay and urease-producing species of anaerobes in the bovine rumen and human feces.	a growth medium and test were developed for rapid detection of urease in fermentative anaerobic bacteria. using nonselective rumen fluid roll-tube agar medium and the new test, it was confirmed that peptostreptococcus productus is often the most numerous urease-forming species in human feces. also, some fecal strains of ruminococcus albus, clostridium innocuum, and clostridium beijerinckii produced urease. single strains of fusobacterium prausnitzii, coprococcus catus, and streptococcus mitis th ...	1977	879770
cellular fatty acids of peptococcus variabilis and peptostreptococcus anaerobius.	cellular fatty acids of peptococcus variables and peptostreptococcus anaerobius were identified by gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, and associated analytical techniques. iso- and anteiso-branched-chain acids were major components in both species.	1977	886004
novobiocin and the differentiation of peptococci and peptostreptococci.	paper discs containing 5 microng of novobiocin were used as a presumptive test to differentiate peptococci and peptostreptococci. zone diameters were measured and minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) of the antibiotic for each group were performed to ascertain the activity of the antibiotic against these genera. all strains of peptococci showed no zone of inhibition in the disc test together with an mic of 25 microng/ml or greater. all strains of peptostreptococci showed zones of inhibition o ...	1977	886014
bactericidal effect of anaerobic broth exposed to atmospheric oxygen tested on peptostreptococcus anaerobius.	peptostreptococcus anaerobius strain vpi 4330-1 was used as the test organism in an evaluation of the bactericidal effect of anaerobic broth exposed to air. the test organism, grown under anaerobic conditions in trypticase soy broth, was diluted in buffered salt solution, and about 2 x 10(4) cells were suspended in 10 ml of an aerated broth. ninety percent of the cells were killed within 15 min in actinomyces broth and within 50 min in trypticase soy broth. all cells survived for 2 h in fluid th ...	1977	893657
swine dysentery: inoculation of gnotobiotic pigs with treponema hyodysenteriae and vibrio coli and a peptostreptococcus.	pure cultures of treponema hyodysenteriae given orally to conventional pigs resulted in the development of swine dysentery, whereas identical cultures given to gnotobiotic pigs did not produce the disease. oral inoculation of gnotobiotic pigs with vibrio coli and/or a peptostreptococcus in addition to t. hyodysenteriae did not result in dysentery. neutralization of gastric secretions with nahco3 immediately prior to inoculation with t. hyodysenteriae increased the period during which treponemes ...	1977	907906
susceptibilities of bacteria against chemotherapeutics under different conditions.		1977	926525
susceptibility to erythromycin of anaerobes of the genera bacteroides, fusobacterium, sphaerophorus, veillonella, clostridium, corynebacterium, peptococcus, peptostreptococcus.	the minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) of erythromycin were determined by broth dilution tests for 313 anaerobic strains, most of which were clinical isolates. all the gram-positive anaerobes tested (84 peptococcaceae, including 21 peptostreptococcus anaerobius and 15 peptococcus variabilis; 65 corynebacterium acnes and 29 clostridium strains, including 13 c. perfringens) were sensitive (mic values 0.012 through 3.12 microgram erythromycin/ml); so were 111 cultures of gram-negative anaerobe ...	1977	580038
in vitro sensitivity of anaerobic bacteria to fosfomycin.	the minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined in 98 strains of anaerobic bacteria that came from clinical samples against fosfomycin, penicillin, cephalothin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, clindamycin and lincomycin. the results obtained indicate that fosfomycin is usually inactive against bacteroides sp. and is active up to 32 mug/ml or less against 85% of peptococcus and 95% of peptostreptococcus, being consequently comparatively less active than the rest of the antibiotics that were ...	1977	583867
enhancement of experimental anaerobic infections by blood, hemoglobin, and hemostatic agents.	certain foreign materials have been demonstrated to enhance the infectivity of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. whole blood and other protein compounds encountered in surgical settings or trauma were tested for their effect on infectivity of nonsporeforming anaerobic bacteria. infectious synergistic mixtures of bacteroides fragilis plus peptostreptococcus anaerobius and bacteroides melaninogenicus plus fusobacterium necrophorum were each diluted to a barely noninfectious or minimally infectious c ...	1978	631883
clindamycin-induced enterocolitis in hamsters.	a lethal enterocolitis was induced in hamsters by oral or parenteral administration of clindamycin in amounts comparable to those used in treatment of humans. the intestinal lesions were characterized histologically as an acute inflammatory reaction with pseudomembrane formation and resembled the lesions seen in humans with antibiotic-induced colitis. results of quantitative stool cultures showed the numbers of peptostreptococcus and corynebacterium decreased in animals with colitis after challe ...	1978	649990
anaerobic bacteremia as observed in a children's hospital. clinically this may signify true anaerobic sepsis.	to ascertain the significance of anaerobic bacteremia in a children's hospital, the records of all patients whose blood cultures grew anaerobes during a 24-month period were reviewed. anaerobes were isolated from 144 out of 1,126 blood cultures yielding bacteria. anaerobic diphtheroid grew in 122 out of 143 anaerobic cultures, but only 4 out of 122 were isolated from patients with anaerobic sepsis. nine per cent of the total episodes of anaerobic bacteremia occurred in 13 children who met out cr ...	1978	679583
anaerobic microflora of the vagina in children.	vaginal cultures from 25 healthy girls from two months to 15 years of age were examined for aerobic, facultatively anaerobic, and obligately anaerobic bacteria. an average of 8.7 species (3.7 aerobic and facultatively anaerobic species; 5.3 obligately anaerobic species) were isolated from these cultures. staphylococcus epidermidis (21), diphtheroids (20), bacteroides (19), peptococci (19), peptostreptococci (14), and bacteroides melaninogenicus (14) were most prevalent organisms.	1978	686083
nutritional characteristics of megasphaera elsdenii.	megasphaera elsdenii b159 (formerly peptostreptococcus elsdenii; rogosa 1971) is able to grow in a chemically defined medium containing minerals, nh4+ as the sole nitrogen source, sulfate as the source of sulfur, acetate and glucose as the carbon and energy sources, and the vitamins biotin, pyridoxine, and calcium pantothenate. when lactate serves as the carbon source, with cysteine present as the reducing agent, acetate is not required. valine and threonine appeared to be required although dire ...	1978	688105
[various antigenic components in peptococcus and peptostreptococcus strains].		1978	694106
factors related to the oxygen tolerance of anaerobic bacteria.	the effect of atmospheric oxygen on the viability of 13 strains of anaerobic bacteria, two strains of facultative bacteria, and one aerobic organism was examined. there were great variations in oxygen tolerance among the bacteria. all facultative bacteria survived more than 72 h of exposure to atmospheric oxygen. the survival time for anaerobes ranged from less than 45 min for peptostreptococcus anaerobius to more than 72 h for two clostridium perfringens strains. an effort was made to relate th ...	1978	697363
peptostreptococcal endophthalmitis with a relapsing course.	a posttraumatic exogenous endophthalmitis developed that was due to peptostreptococcus. this gram-positive anaerobe was isolated in pure culture from vitreous. the endophthalmitis showed a bacteriologic and clinical relapse despite conventional routes of antimicrobial treatment. a second clinical relapse occurred despite apparent vitreal sterilization with intravitreal antibiotics. the response to vitrectomy was impressive, and postoperatively the patient's visual acuity improved to 20/20.	1978	697615
[anaerobiosis in purulent material].		1978	714804
recurrent acute suppurative thyroiditis.	two patients had two recurrent episodes each of acute suppurative thyroiditis. circulating concentrations of plasma thyrotrophin, thyroxine, and triiodothyronine were within the range of normal. antibodies to thyroid microsome or thyroglobulin were not found. anaerobic bacteria such as bacteroides, peptostreptococcus, and peptococcus were identified as causative agents, indicating that anaerobic organisms may play an important role in the pathologic process. the present cases are the third and f ...	1978	717311
comparative susceptibilities of anaerobic bacteria to metronidazole, ornidazole, and sc-28538.	the susceptibilities of 284 anaerobic bacteria, including 55 strains of the bacteroides fragilis group, were determined by an agar dilution technique to metronidazole and two newer nitroimidazoles, ornidazole and sc-28538. all three agents showed marked in vitro activity against virtually all anaerobic bacteria tested. at concentrations </=1 mug/ml, sc-28538 was significantly more active than either metronidazole or ornidazole. at concentrations of >1 mug/ml, the activities of all three agents w ...	1978	718156
ticarcillin disodium in anaerobic infections.	twenty-five patients were treated with ticarcillin disodium, 18 of whom had anaerobic infections that included pleuropulmonary infections (seven), mandibular osteomyelitis (four), perirectal abscess (two), sepsis, primary site unknown (one), liver abscess (one), pelvic abscess (one), decubitus ulcer (one), and synergistic gangrene (one). seven had no anaerobic infections. three had anaerobic septicemia. culture results included anaerobes: peptococci (ten), peptostreptococci (ten), bacteroides fr ...	1978	718311
metastatic peptostreptococcus intermedius endophthalmitis after a dental procedure.	a 46-year-old man developed symptoms of a chronic progressive uveitis in his right eye approximately one week after a dental procedure. the patient's intraocular inflammation was not diminished by massive treatment with topical and systemic corticosteroid therapy or intravenously administered adrenocorticotropic hormone. the inflammatory process progressed to an overt endophthalmitis during a period of three weeks and the eye eventually required evisceration. a pure culture of peptostreptococcus ...	1978	306760
microbiota of gingivitis in man.	a study on the predominant cultivable microorganisms inhabiting gingival crevices affected with a chronic gingivitis was carried out using the roll tube culture technique. samples were obtained from nine individuals 25--42 years of age. gram-positive rods make up 29.1% of the isolates and included mainly actinomyces naeslundii, actinomyces israelii, and actinomyces viscosus. streptococcus mitis and streptococcus sanguis together made up 26.8% of the cultivable organisms. peptostreptococcus avera ...	1978	276916
dental caries in gnotobiotic rats inoculated with a strain of peptostreptococcus intermedius.		1978	277560
dental caries in gnotobiotic rats incubated with a strain of peptostreptococcus intermedius.		1978	280581
the bacteriology of cavitating pulmonary infections and empysema. studies of transtracheal aspirates and pleural fluid.	a prospective study of bacteriology in 14 cases of cavitating pulmonary infections and empyema is reported. bacteriologic results were based on transtracheal aspirates or pleural fluid. appropriate anaerobic bacteriologic methods were employed. anaerobic bacteria were recovered in 11 patients (79%); they were the only pathogens isolated in 6 patients. the predominant species were fusobacterium nucleatum, bacteroides melaninogenicus, bacteroides fragilis and peptostreptococcus. aerobic bacteria w ...	1978	352421
antimicrobial effect of amniotic fluid.	the antimicrobial effect of amniotic fluid (af) obtained during the first (af1) and second (af2) trimesters was compared with the third (af3) against anaerobic bacteria, such as bacteroides fragilis ss. fragilis (6 strains), eubacterium lentum (3 strains), and peptostreptococcus anaerobius (4 strains). escherichia coli (5 strains) served as a positive control. af1 supported the growth of all 4 anaerobes (except b fragilis for 4 hours) for the entire 24-hour period tested. af2 supported the growt ...	1978	355963
serological reactions of the genus peptostreptococcus.	white male new zealand rabbits were immunized with soluble antigen preparations (sp) of the following gram-positive anaerobic cocci: peptostreptococcus anaerobius atcc 27337 and vpi 5737; p. micros vpi 2618; streptococcus morbillorum atcc 27527; p. parvulus vpi 5229; and p. productus atcc 27340. sp were reacted with homologous and heterologous rabbit antisera in immunodiffusion, immunoelectrophoresis, indirect fluorescent-antibody, and tanned-cell passive hemagglutination tests. even though each ...	1978	357444
effects of storage in an anaerobic transport system on bacteria in known polymicrobial mixtures and in clinical specimens.	an anaerobic transport system (ats) which provides for catalytic removal of oxygen was evaluated by using in vitro-prepared polymicrobial mixtures of logphase bacteria and clinical specimens. inoculated swabs were stored at room temperature in (i) aerobic, (ii) anaerobic glove box, and (iii) ats environments, and bacteria were quantitated after 2, 24, 48, and 72 h. bacteria in a three-part mixture of bacteroides fragilis, peptostreptococcus anaerobius, and escherichia coli and in a five-part mix ...	1978	370142
[surgical infections by anaerobes in gyneco-obstetrics].		1978	232933
[sensitivity of anaerobes in gyneco-obstetric infections].		1978	232934
a new hydrolase specific for taurine-conjugates of bile acids.	through the investigation of the bile acid-deconjugation activities of human intestinal anaerobes, a new enzyme was discovered in peptostreptococcus intermedius which hydrolyzed specifically the taurine-conjugates, but not the glycine-conjugates of bile acids. however, the enzymes in streptococcus faecalis and lactobacillus brevis hydrolyzed chiefly the glycine-conjugates.	1978	100491
rubredoxin.		1978	213684
effect of silver nitrate application on the conjunctival flora of the newborn: and the occurrence of clostridial conjunctivitis.	newborn conjunctival cultures were obtained from 35 babies prior to silver nitrate application and 48 hours later. on initial culture, 46 facultative bacteria and 27 anaerobes were recovered; 48 facultative and 18 anaerobes were recovered after 48 hours. haemophilus vaginalis, bacteroides species and anaerobic cocci decreased in numbers, whereas s. epidermidis, micrococcus and propionibacterium acnes increased during this time interval. clostridial species were isolated from two cases who develo ...	1978	216788
quantitative evaluation of three commercial blood culture media for growth of anaerobic organisms.	the ability of three different commercial blood culture media--brain heart infusion broth (pfizer), thiol broth (difco), and prs-peptone broth (becton, dickinson & co.)--to support the growth of five different anaerobes is described. inocula of 100 and 1,000 colony-forming units per ml were used to evaluate potential differences in survival, lag time, growth rate, and doubling times of each anaerobe in each medium. in addition, each medium was evaluated for its ability to neutralize the antibact ...	1978	24059
hydrogen peroxide and superoxide radical formation in anaerobic broth media exposed to atmospheric oxygen.	fourteen different broth media were autoclaved under anaerobic conditions and then exposed to atmospheric oxygen. the hydrogen peroxide and superoxide radical formation as well as the bactericidal effect of the media were studied. the rate of killing of peptostreptococcus anaerobius vpi 4330-1 was high in media that rapidly autoxidized and accumulated hydrogen peroxide. in actinomyces broth (bbl), 50% of the cells were killed within 2 min, and in brewer thioglycolate medium (difco), 50% were kil ...	1978	29560
acute suppurative parotitis caused by anaerobic bacteria: report of two cases.	staphylococcus aureus is the predominant pathogen in acute suppurative parotitis. although anaerobic bacteria are prevalent in the normal oral and upper respiratory tract flora and frequently are involved in oral and facial infections, they have seldom been isolated from patients with suppurative parotitis. it may be that a role for anaerobes in parotitis has not been documented because of inadequate specimen transport or anaerobic culture techniques. we describe two cases of acute suppurative p ...	1978	32513
urease-producing species of intestinal anaerobes and their activities.	urease activities of anaerobic bacteria that constituted predominant gut flora were examined. it was demonstrated that some strains of eubacterium aerofaciens, e. lentum, and peptostreptococcus products produced urease. they were the most numerous species in human feces. all strains of bifidobacterium infantis and some strains of bacteroides multiacidus, b. bifidum, clostridium symbiosum, fusobacterium necrophorum, f. varium, lactobacillus fermentum, peptococcus asaccharolyticus, and p. prevotii ...	1979	36839
improved procedure for transport of dental plaque samples and other clinical specimens containing anaerobic bacteria.	an improved transport system for samples containing anaerobic bacteria was developed. this system increased the recovery rate of anaerobic bacteria up to 28.8% as compared to a commonly used method.	1979	39087
occurrence of anaerobic bacteria in diseases of the dog and cat.	a survey for anaerobic bacteria was conducted in 314 clinical specimens from dogs and cats. a total of 187 anaerobic isolates in pure and mixed culture were isolated from 111 of the specimens that contained anaerobic bacteria. common isolated included actinomyces (9.1%), clostridium perfringens (19.3%), other clostridium spp (11.2%), peptostreptococcus anaerobius (7.5%), bacteroides melaninogenicus (13.4%), other bacteroides spp (17.6%), and fusobacterium necrophorum (5.3%). anaerobic bacteria w ...	1979	224739
the presence of antibody-coated anaerobic bacteria in asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy.	quantitative anaerobic culture of urine samples obtained from 593 pregnant women by suprapubic bladder aspiration was performed to establish the involvement of anaerobic bacteria in asymptomatic urinary tract infections. the fluorescent antibody (fa) test was applied to the sediments of bladder aspirates to determine the site of infection. anaerobic bacteriuria (greater than or equal to 10(4) microorganisms/ml of urine) was found in 34 patients, of whom five were fa-positive. these anaerobes wer ...	1979	118996
extractable antigen shared by peptostreptococcus anaerobius strains.	extracts from several species of gram-positive cocci were prepared by a modification of the rantz-randall autoclave method and tested for reactions with rabbit anti-peptostreptococcus anaerobius (atcc 27337 and vpi 5737) sera in a capillary precipitin test. antigen preparations from two reference strains of p. anaerobius (atcc 27337 and vpi 5737) and six clinical isolates of p. anaerobius reacted with the p. anaerobius antisera. these extracts formed a line of identity by immunodiffusion and dis ...	1979	88461
identification of bacteroides fragilis by indirect immunofluorescence.	rabbit antiserum against live or heat-killed bacteroides fragilis nctc 9343 bacteria was titrated against hot phenol water-extracted polysaccharide antigens from five different species of the 'b. fragilis group' of bacteria using an enzyme immunoassay and shown to be specific for the b. fragilis nctc 9343 polysaccharide. when the antiserum was used in indirect immunofluorescence, 97.1% of 244 b. fragilis strains were correctly identified. only 8 of the other 312 bacteroides strains were stained ...	1979	94651
perirectal abscess in childhood. a review of 29 cases.	a total of 29 cases of perirectal abscess at milwaukee children's hospital between 1965 and 1975 were retrospectively reviewed. one fourth of these children had a serious underlying chronic disease. staphylococcus aureaus was the organism that grew most frequently from pus obtained from the abscesses, accounting for 52% of the isolates. therapy included incision and drainage alone and incision and drainage plus parenteral and/or oral antibiotic treatment. one patient, a child with leukemia, died ...	1979	373420
tyrosine degradation in presumptive identification of peptostreptococcus anaerobius.	a new tyrosine medium was developed and evaluated for the differentiation of peptostreptococcus anaerobius from other anaerobic, gram-positive cocci. the strains included 159 originating from clinical specimens and 13 reference strains received from other workers in the field. only one strain of each species was included in the study from multiple cultures from the same patient. this medium is simple to prepare and can be used in a small clinical laboratory. one hundred seventy-two strains of an ...	1979	379031
practical technique for quantitating anaerobic bacteria in tissue specimens.	quantitative bacteriology has considerable influence on the care and management of surgical wounds. heretofore, these techniques have been limited to measurements of aerobic bacteria. a technique is reported herein which permits quantitation of obligately anaerobic bacteria in tissue specimens. this technique is easily reproduced in any clinical laboratory and eliminates the need for expensive anaerobic chambers.	1979	385618
bacterial isolates in cholecystitis and cholelithiasis.		1979	386479
[bacteriological aspects of trichomonal vaginitis (author's transl)].	an analysis was made of the vaginal flora of 25 gynaecological patients with acute trichomomal vaginitis, with the view to elucidating the bacteriological situation. eighty-four isolates, an average of 3.4 per patient, were taken and included a wide range of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. - obligate anaerobic species, such as bacteriodes and peptostreptococci, with susceptibility to metronidazole were among the predominant pathogens. - the differentiated susceptibility of the most common bacter ...	1979	386649
the prevalence of anaerobic bacteria in suprapubic bladder aspirates obtained from pregnant women.	the incidence of asymptomatic bacteriuria due to aerobic, facultative anaerobic and strictly anaerobic bacteria during pregnancy was determined in 185 patients admitted for complications of pregnancy, using suprapubic bladder aspiration. anaerobic bacterial counts of 103 per ml urine or higher were detected in 6.4 per cent of the specimens. the incidence of anaerobic bacteriuria seems comparable to that of bacteriuria due to aerobic and facultative anaerobic micro organisms. in our group of pati ...	1979	388942
[technics for isolation, incubation and preliminary identification tests].	in this report the aa. emphasize the fact that anaerobes are mostly isolated from mixed cultures in which several bacteria are present. therefore they suggest to grow all the bacteria under the best conditions and consequently to select the anaerobes from the aerobes. furthermore they describe the selecting techniques used at istituto superiore di sanità and clinica medica iii, to attain this aim and enumerate the best methods used for anaerobic incubation.	1979	399835
quantitative bacteriology of the vaginal flora in vaginitis.	vaginal flora was studied quantitatively in 29 sexually active women, 16 to 33 years of age, to define the role of c. vaginale in vaginitis. seventeen were asymptomatic and 12 complained of symptoms of vaginitis. seven asymptomatic women had scant secretions: four of these seven had c. vaginale at log10 6 to 9 cfu per milliliter, none of whom had "clue" cells; none had trichomonas or candida; six had lactobacilli at log10 7 to 9.7 per milliliter; only one had bacteroidaceae at greater than log10 ...	1979	420269
treatment of obstetric and gynecologic infections with cefamandole.	cefamandole nafate is a derivative of 7-aminocephalosporanic acid which has been shown to have good in vitro activity against aerobes traditionally susceptible to cephalosporins as well as many anaerobes, including b. fragilis. one hundred women with obstetric or gynecologic infections completed treatment with cefamandole: 53 had post-cesarean section infections: 24, acute pelvic inflammatory disease: 16, posthysterectomy cuff cellulitis/abscess; and seven, vulvar or abdominal wound abscess. alm ...	1979	426015
metronidazole therapy of anaerobic bacteremia, meningitis, and brain abscess.	four patients with bacteroides fragilis bacteremia, one patient with a brain abscess due to bacteroides species, fusobacterium naviforme, and peptostreptococcus species, and an infant with bacteroides species ventriculitis and meningitis were treated with metronidazole. in all cases the anaerobic pathogens were eradicated. five of the six patients recovered. one patient with leukemia in whom b fragilis bacteremia was eradicated by metronidazole treatment subsequently died of pseudomonas aerugino ...	1979	434970