Publications

aspartate aminotransferase of pediococcus cerevisiae.	a five-step procedure is described for preparing highly purified aspartate aminotransferase (l-aspartate: 2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase, ec.2.6.1.1) from cell-freee enzyme extracts of pediococcus cerevisiae. an overall purification of 130-fold was achieved. some of p. cerevisiae aspartate aminotransferase properties were studied, i.s. ph optimum (7.8--8.0), optimum of temperature (37 degrees), michaelis constans for 4 enzyme substrates and substrate specificity of enzyme. the enzyme is very th ...	1977	67756
antifolate studies. activities of 40 potential antimalarial compounds against sensitive and chlorguanide triazine resistant strains of folate-requiring bacteria and escherichia coli.	as part of the search for new antimalarial drugs, a screening program was developed using sensitive and chlorguanide triazine (cgt, cycloguanil) resistant strains of the folate-requiring bacteria, streptococcus faecium durans, lactobacillus casei, and pediococcus cerevisiae. the activities of 40 compounds have been studied against these strains and escherichia coli. observations have been made on the points of 50% growth inhibition, the fold increase of resistance shown to each compound by the r ...	1977	137981
serum folates in man.	in an aseptic microbiological assay of folate compounds and their breakdown compounds, using lactobacillus casei, streptococcus faecalis, and pediococcus cerevisiae, 4a-hydroxy-5methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrofolate and 5-methyl-5,8-dihydrofolate were inactive under all conditions to all three organisms and 5-methyl-5,6-dihydrofolate was inactive unless ascorbate was present in the incubation medium, and then only to l. casei. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate was active only for l. casei, and activity in puri ...	1977	405403
microbiologic assays of cancer chemotherapeutic agents.	among various assay methods available for the study of drug distribution kinetics in cancer chemotherapy, a method that determines the drug in its active form is the most desirable. the microbiologic assay method, with its rapid, simple, and inexpensive procedures, fulfills such a requirement. besides the two commonly used chemotherapeutic agents, methotrexate and cytosine arabinoside, microbiologic assays are available for other chemotherapeutic agents, such as 6-mercaptopurine, 5-fluorouracil, ...	1977	406993
[influence of nitrogen components of wine on the growth of lactic acid bacteria].	three different fractions of nitrogen compounds have been extracted from wine: proteins, peptides, amino acids. they have been tested to support the growth of malolactic bacteria in acid medium: only the peptidic fraction supports this growth.	1977	411595
a microbiologic disc assay for 5-methyltetrahydrofolate in the presence of methotrexate.	high-dose methotrexate-citrovorum factor rescue regimens are used extensively for the treatment of human malignancies. since the rescue agent citrovorum factor is rapidly converted to 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, it is desirable to follow the distribution kinetics of both of these coenzymes to assess the selective therapeutic effectiveness of the regimen. the assay methods using methotrexate-resistant strains of lactobacillus casei atcc 7469 (lc/a), streptococcus faecium var. durans atcc 8043 (sf/a ...	1977	413623
[microbiological measurement of folic coenzymes. i. effect of the concentration of the microorganism].		1977	414770
mechanism of resistance of pediococcus cerevisiae strains to 5-fluorodeoxyuridine.		1978	152131
biochemical characteristics of streptococcus species.		1978	364662
folate analogues altered in the c9-n10 bridge region: n10-toxylisohomofolic acid and n10-toxylisohomoaminopterin.		1978	97383
dihydrofolate reductases in some folate-requiring bacteria with low trimethoprim susceptibility.	dihydrofolate reductases from the folate-requiring strains streptococcus faecalis atcc 8043, lactobacillus casei atcc 7496, and pediococcus cerevisiae atcc 8081, as well as from lactobacillus arabinosus, which is not dependent on exogenous folate, were isolated, and their properties were compared to reductases of escherichia coli b, staphylococcus aureus, and rat liver reductase. an inhibition profile with six different inhibitors revealed significant differences among all enzymes. all lactobaci ...	1978	686702
synthesis of aza homologues of folic acid.	folic acid analogues containing an additional nitrogen atom between the phenyl ring and the carbonyl group of the side chain were synthesized. none of the compounds showed significant inhibitory activity against human lymphoblastic leukemia cells (ccrf-cem) in culture or against lactobacillus casei (atcc 7469) growth. against l1210 leukemia in mice, the aza homologue of folic acid, 4, and the aspartic acid analogue, 14, showed no increase in life span over control animals. these compounds were m ...	1979	109617
lipoquinones of some spore-forming rods, lactic-acid bacteria and actinomycetes.	the respiratory quinones of 73 strains of gram-positive bacteria including spore-forming rods, lactic-acid bacteria and actinomyctes were examined. menaquinones with seven isoprenoid units (mk-7) were the main quinone type found in representatives of the genus bacillus and in sporolactobacillus inulinus. however, a strain of b. thuringiensis produced mk-8 in addition to mk-7, and strains of b. lentus and b. pantothenticus appeared to produce mk-9 and mk-8, respectively, with no mk-7. in the clos ...	1979	119033
microbiological assay of pantothenic acid.		1979	440101
distribution of the phosphoenolpyruvate:glucose phosphotransferase system in fermentative bacteria.	a number of selected fermentative bacteria were surveyed for the presence of the phosphoenolpyruvate:glucose phosphotransferase system, with particular attention to those organisms which ferment glucose by pathways other than the embden-meyerhof-parnas pathway. the phosphoenolpyruvate:glusoe phosphotransferase system was found in all homofermentative lactic acid bacteria tested that ferment glucose via the embden-meyerhof-parnas pathway, but in none of a group of heterofermentative species of la ...	1979	457606
whole-serum assay of l-methionine using a chloramphenicol resistant strain of pediococcus acidilactici.		1979	541304
chromatography of folates on sephadex g-10.		1980	6768962
method for the lysis of gram-positive, asporogenous bacteria with lysozyme.	a method developed for the lysis of oral streptococci that employed the action of lysozyme suspended in dilute tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane-hydrochloride buffer containing polyethylene glycol has been adapted for use with lactobacilli, actinomycetes, propionibacteria, and pediococci. most of the cellular deoxyribonucleic acid was liberated from many strains of bacteria usually thought to be lysozyme resistant. the major observations were as follows: (i) supplementation of the growth medium wi ...	1980	6986847
antagonism between osmophilic lactic acid bacteria and yeasts in brine fermentation of soy sauce.	brine fermentation by osmophilic lactic acid bacteria and yeasts for long periods of time is essential to produce a good quality of shoyu (japanese fermented soy sauce). it is well known that lactic acid fermentation by osmophilic lactic acid bacteria results in the depression of alcoholic fermentation by osmophilic yeasts, but the nature of the interaction between osmophilic lactic acid bacteria and yeasts in brine fermentation of shoyu has not been revealed. the inhibitory effect of osmophilic ...	1980	16345625
entrance and growth of lactic acid bacteria in gas-exchanged, brined cucumbers.	entrance of lactic acid bacteria into the interior of brined cucumbers was found to be greatly influenced by gas composition of the cucumbers before brining. exchange of the internal gas of fresh cucumbers with o(2) resulted in absorption of bacteria into the subsequently brined fruit within a few hours. bacteria were absorbed into nonexchanged cucumbers to a lesser extent. little bacterial absorption occurred in n(2)-exchanged cucumbers. stomata of the cucumber skin appeared to be a likely port ...	1981	16345903
inherent limitations to the problem of reducing the lysine microbiological assay time.	a kinetic approach is proposed to shorten the microbiological assay time for the determination of unbound l-lysine. the present lysine bacterial assay takes from 16 to 24 h using pediococcus cerevisiae p-60 atcc 8042 (formerly leuconostoc mesenteroides p-60 atcc 8042) and uses a medium in which lysine is the limiting substance. measurements of the final cell concentration are linearly correlated with the initial concentration of lysine, s, to provide an indirect estimate of s. we propose to unde ...	1981	6792012
the metabolism of folinic acid (leucovorin) following oral and parenteral administration.	serum and urinary distributions of following oral and parenteral administration of leucovorin (3-15 mg) were examined in normal adult volunteers microbiologically using lactobacillus casei, streptococcus faecalis and pediococcus cerevisiae as test organisms. by the parenteral route, nearly one-third of the folate in the serum and urine was in the form of folinic acid and the remainder as 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid. almost all the folate in serum and urine was in the form of 5-methyltetrahydrof ...	1981	6977022
physiological and enzymatic properties of a thymidine-requiring pediococcus cerevisiae mutant.	we describe the isolation and characterization of a pediococcus cerevisiae thymidine-requiring mutant and its thymidine-independent revertant. the mutant strain lacked thymidylate synthetase activity and had an absolute requirement for low concentrations (2 micrograms/ml) of thymidine in addition to a requirement for n-5-formyl tetrahydrofolic acid (folinate). even at high concentrations (up to 500 micrograms/ml), thymine could not replace thymidine. in contrast to its wild-type parent, which gr ...	1982	6978334
origins of the mycoplasmas: sterol-nonrequiring mycoplasmas evolved from streptococci.	we report the establishment of a phylogenetic relationship between the sterol-nonrequiring mycoplasmas (acholeplasma species) and streptococci. three specific antisera prepared against purified streptococcus faecalis fructose diphosphate aldolase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and pediococcus cerevisiae glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase were used for comparative enzyme immunological studies; the ouchterlony double-diffusion technique and the quantitative microcomplement fixa ...	1982	6176574
plasmid transfer in pediococcus spp.: intergeneric and intrageneric transfer of pip501.	transfer of the broad-host-range resistance plasmid pip501 from streptococcus faecalis to pediococcus pentosaceus and pediococcus acidilactici occurred between cells immobilized on nitrocellulose filters in the presence of dnase. expression of the pip501-linked erythromycin and chloramphenicol resistance determinants was observed in transconjugants. intrageneric transfer of pip501 from a p. pentosaceus donor to various pediococcal recipients occurred at frequencies of 10(-4) to 10(-7) transconju ...	1983	6311098
storage of milk powders under adverse conditions. i. losses of lysine and of other essential amino acids as determined by chemical and microbiological methods.	whole-milk powders containing 25 g water/kg were stored for up to 9 weeks in sealed aluminium containers at elevated temperatures. lysine and other essential amino acids were measured by chemical and microbiological methods. storage at 60 degrees resulted in the progressive formation of lactulosyl-lysine. after 9 weeks, 30% of the lysine groups were present in this form. the powders still retained their natural colour and the levels of tryptophan, methionine, cyst(e)ine and leucine remained unch ...	1983	6407520
numerical taxonomy of streptococcus.	a numerical taxonomic study of strains of streptococcus, together with representatives of allied genera, showed 28 reasonably distinct phenons. the major areas, with their phenons, were: (a) enterococcal species group (s. faecalis, s. faecium, 's. avium' and a proposed new species 's. gallinarum'); (b) paraviridans species group (s. bovis, s. equinus, s. salivarius, 's. casseliflavus', s. mutans, s. raffinolactis and an unidentified oral group i); (c) lactic species group (s. lactis including s. ...	1983	6409982
potential of lactic streptococci to produce bacteriocin.	a survey was made on the bacteriocin-producing potential of lactic streptococci. bacteriocin-like activities were isolated and partially purified from about 5% of the 280 strains investigated. the frequency of production varied from about 1% in streptococcus lactis subsp. diacetylactis to 9 and 7.5% in s. lactis and streptococcus cremoris, respectively. eight strains of s. cremoris produced bacteriocins which, on the basis of heat stability at different ph values and inhibitory spectrum, could b ...	1983	16346166
evolution of yeasts and lactic acid bacteria during fermentation and storage of bordeaux wines.	the levels of yeasts and lactic acid bacteria that naturally developed during the vinification of two red and two white bordeaux wines were quantitatively examined. yeasts of the genera rhodotorula, pichia, candida, and metschnikowia occurred at low levels in freshly extracted grape musts but died off as soon as fermentation commenced. kloeckera apiculata (hanseniaspora uvarum), torulopsis stellata, and saccharomyces cerevisiae, the dominant yeasts in musts, proliferated to conduct alcoholic fer ...	1984	16346661
the metabolism of several carboxylic acids by lactic acid bacteria.	the anaerobic metabolism of citrate, fumarate, gluconate, malate, 2-oxoglutarate and pyruvate by 137 strains of 23 species of lactic acid bacteria was investigated. the bacteria were from various sources (plant material, meat and dairy products, dough and wine) and belonged to the genera lactobacillus, leuconostoc, pediococcus, and streptococcus. the ability of metabolize the acids was determined by thin layer chromatography or by enzymatic analysis after growth of the strains in a glucose-conta ...	1984	6495871
a numerical taxonomic study of lactic acid bacteria from vacuum-packed beef, pork, lamb and bacon.	a numerical taxonomic study using 79 unit characters has been performed on 100 isolates of lactic acid bacteria from refrigerated vacuum-packed beef, pork, lamb and bacon. three clusters were observed at 78% s which contained all the strains apart from three unidentifiable streptobacteria, one leuconostoc, and one strain of pediococcus pentosaceus. one cluster (iii) consisted of only one strain of leuc. paramesenteroides and six unidentifiable leuconostoc strains. the two largest clusters (i and ...	1984	6706886
rapid micromeasurement of lactate in whole blood.	a new lactate sensor makes it possible to measure the lactate content of whole blood directly in less than 1 min, using only a 10-microl blood sample. the procedure works equally well with plasma, serum, spinal fluid, other body fluids, or tissue homogenates. the instrument is calibrated with lactate standards between 0 and 15 mmol/l. the sensor, a polarographic enzyme electrode, gives a current which is a linear function of the lactate concentration. there is no interference from glucose, pyruv ...	1984	6370602
lactate metabolism by pediococci isolated from cheese.	pediococcus pentosaceus is commonly found among the adventitious microflora of cheddar cheese. when this organism was incubated with l-(+)-lactate under anaerobic conditions, l-(+)-lactate was rapidly converted to d-(-)-lactate until racemic (dl) lactate was present. under aerobic conditions this initial reaction was followed by a slower reaction resulting in the use of both lactate isomers and in the production of acetate and co2. with intact cells the lactate oxidation system had an optimum ph ...	1985	4004222
isolation and characterization of pediococcus halophilus from salted anchovies (engraulis anchoita).	the presence of bacteria in salted anchovies during and at the end of the curing process was investigated. attempts to isolate bacteria under aerobic or anaerobic conditions led to the isolation of only bacteria of the genus pediococcus which were identified as pediococcus halophilus. the isolates correspond to a rather heterogeneous group in which some of the members differ in some biochemical tests from the types described in the literature.	1985	3994370
plasmid dna in strains of pediococcus cerevisiae and pediococcus pentosaceus.	five parental strains of pediococcus were examined for plasmid content. each strain contained three to six resident plasmids, ranging in size from 4.5 to 39.5 megadaltons. a bacteriocin-like substance produced by pediococcus cerevisiae fbb63 was tentatively linked to a 10.5-megadalton plasmid after being cured with novobiocin.	1985	16346868
association of a 13.6-megadalton plasmid in pediococcus pentosaceus with bacteriocin activity.	pediococcus pentosaceus fbb61 and l7230, isolated from cucumber fermentations, produced a bacteriocin, designated pediocin a, which had identical activity spectra against species of pediococcus, clostridium, staphylococcus, and streptococcus. both strains possessed a 13.6-megadalton plasmid (pmd136). plasmid curing experiments suggested that both bacteriocin immunity and production determinants were encoded by pmd136. use of pediocin-producing strains in food fermentations is discussed.	1985	16346954
growth and metabolism of lactic acid bacteria during and after malolactic fermentation of wines at different ph.	commercially produced red wines were adjusted to ph 3.0, 3.2, 3.5, 3.7, or 4.0 and examined during and after malolactic fermentation for growth of lactic acid bacteria and changes in the concentrations of carbohydrates, organic acids, amino acids, and acetaldehyde. with one exception, leuconostoc oenos conducted the malolactic fermentation in all wines and was the only species to occur in wines at ph below 3.5. malolactic fermentation by l. oenos was accompanied by degradation of malic, citric, ...	1986	16347015
evidence for plasmid linkage of raffinose utilization and associated alpha-galactosidase and sucrose hydrolase activity in pediococcus pentosaceus.	the ability to ferment the trisaccharide raffinose was linked with the presence of plasmid dna in three strains of pediococcus pentosaceus. parental strains showed associated inducible alpha-galactosidase and sucrose hydrolase activities when grown in alpha-galactosides and sucrose, respectively. derivative strains of ppe1.0, ppe2.0, and ppe5.0, which had lost 30-, 28-, and 23-megadalton plasmids, respectively, had no alpha-galactosidase or sucrose hydrolase activity.	1986	16346958
microspectrofluorometric measurement of chloroplast dna in dividing and expanding leaf cells of spinacia oleracea.	absolute dna amounts of individual chloroplasts from mesophyll and epidermal cells of developing spinach leaves were measured by microspectrofluorometry using the dna-specific stain, 4,6-diamidino-2-phenyl indole, and the bacterium, pediococcus damnosus, as an internal standard. values obtained by this method showed that dna amounts of individual chloroplasts from mesophyll cells fell within a normal distribution curve, although mean dna amounts changed during leaf development and also differed ...	1986	16664887
effects of dietary chlortetracycline on the antimicrobial resistance of porcine faecal streptococcaceae.	breeding pigs and one-half of their progeny were fed antimicrobial-free rations; the other half of the progeny received rations supplemented with 100 g of chlortetracycline (ctc)/ton. effects of dietary ctc with respect to the distribution of species and biotypes of faecal gram-positive cocci and their relative resistance to 12 antimicrobial agents were studied. diversity of antimicrobial resistance (amr) patterns and modal amr patterns were determined for bacterial species common to all three g ...	1986	3700277
forms of human milk folacin and variation patterns.	the pattern of folacin in 180 human milk samples collected from 16 women was studied before and after pteroylglutamic hydroxylase (conjugase) treatment. the differential response of lactobacillus casei versus streptococcus faecalis distinguishes n-5-methyltetrahydrofolate from other forms. growth of pediococcus cerevisiae differentiates the reduced monoglutamates, other than the n-5-methylated derivative, from oxidized folacins. mean folacin activity with l. casei was 85.3 ng/ml. prior to conjug ...	1986	3083081
microbiological analysis of 5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid and other folates using an automatic 96-well plate reader.	the growth of auxotrophic bacteria remains the method of choice for the determination of biologically active folate metabolites in plasma. this report describes a microbiological assay for folates adapted to use disposable 96-well plates and an automatic plate reader. the modifications in the assay decreased reagent costs and made the analysis of hundreds of samples per day possible with a sensitivity limit of 10 fmol of (6s)-5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid. this limit compares favorably with that ...	1986	3089059
preparation of (6r)-tetrahydrofolic acid and (6r)-5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid of high stereochemical purity.	commercially available 5-formyltetrahydrofolate (5-cho-h4pteglu) is chemically prepared in a reaction that introduces an asymmetric center at the 6 carbon, and hence is the mixture of diastereomers differing in chirality about this position. (6r)-5-cho-h4pteglu, the diastereomer that is not normally found in vivo, was prepared from folic acid. folic acid was chemically reduced and (6r)-tetrahydrofolate (h4pteglu) was obtained from the resultant (6r,s)-h4pteglu by enzymatic consumption of the nat ...	1986	3089060
direct measurement of femtogram amounts of dna in cells and chloroplasts by quantitative microspectrofluorometry.	absolute dna amounts of individual chloroplasts were determined by measuring the fluorescence intensity of chloroplasts stained with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (dapi) relative to that of the bacterium pediococcus damnosus (cerevisiae) smeared on the same slide. an absolute dna content of 7.7 x 10(15) g for a standard p. damnosus cell type was calculated by comparing the relative fluorescence values and frequency of each stage of cellular development in a culture to the average dna content of ...	1986	2422253
[extraintestinal isolation of salmonella in chickens: epidemiologic study of 3 salmonellosis outbreaks after ingestion of raw eggs].	a taxonomic analysis of the malolactic microflora present in nine grape samples from different zones of galicia, was carried out. nineteen strains were isolated and identified as lactobacillus plantarum (42%), l. brevis (10.6%), l. casei (5.25%), l. hilgardii (5.25%), streptococcus cremoris (5.25%), leuconostoc lactis (5.25%), l. oenos (10.6%), and pediococcus acidilactici (15.8%).	1987	3077329
vancomycin-resistant leuconostocs, lactobacilli and now pediococci.		1987	2888805
tissue folates in fruit bats (rousettus aegyptiacus) with nitrous oxide-induced vitamin b12 deficiency and neurological impairment.	1. long-term exposure of the fruit bat rousettus aegyptiacus to nitrous oxide, which inactivates methylcobalamin, leads to neurological impairment and ataxia. 2. in n2o-exposed animals, liver concentrations of total folates and methyl folates decreased to less than one-fifth that of control animals. pediococcus cerevisiae-active folates were also reduced. 3. in brain, there were no changes in total or methyl folates, but p. cerevisiae-active folates were lower in n2o-exposed animals. 4. suppleme ...	1987	3120768
[taxonomic study of epiphyte lactic bacteria in grapes in galicia].	a taxonomic analysis of the malolactic microflora present in nine grape samples from different zones of galicia, was carried out. nineteen strains were isolated and identified as lactobacillus plantarum (42%), l. brevis (10.6%), l. casei (5.25%), l. hilgardii (5.25%), streptococcus cremoris (5.25%), leuconostoc lactis (5.25%), l. oenos (10.6%), and pediococcus acidilactici (15.8%).	1987	3268295
[influence of vancomycin by venous route on salivary and fecal aerobic floras].	an iv vancomycin treatment induces a reduction of gram positive cocci (staphylococcus, enterococcus) of the aerobic salivary and fecal flora. some of these strains persisted during and after treatment, but remained susceptible to vancomycin. others isolated gram positive cocci were resistant to vancomycin before and after treatment. they were identified as pediococcus sp., and leuconostoc sp. there is a reduction of the number of gram positive cocci, without increase of gram negative rods, lacto ...	1987	3302881
enzyme electrode composed of the pyruvate oxidase from pediococcus species coupled to an oxygen electrode for measurements of pyruvate in biological media.	pyruvate oxidase from pediococcus species was immobilized with gelatin and insolubilized in film form by tanning with glutaraldehyde. the film was fixed onto the tip of an oxygen electrode. the enzyme electrode was specific for pyruvate measurements. this electrode was sensitive to 0.1 mm and could be used up to a final pyruvate concentration of 2 mm. at each step of the enzymatic film preparation and assay 0.7 mm thiamine pyrophosphate, 10 microm flavin adenine dinucleotide, 5 mm mg2+ and 10 mm ...	1987	3504152
bioavailability of high-dose oral leucovorin.	fifteen adult subjects comprised the study group; 2 were colon cancer patients. total leucovorin (citrovorum factor; cf) doses of 200, 400, 800, and 1600 mg were equally subdivided and administered at 0, 1, 2, and 3 hours. three of the subjects were fasting and the other 12 were not. quantitation of serum l-cf by pediococcus cerevisiae and total reduced folates (trf) by radio-assay were performed in 10 samples from each subject drawn over a 12-hour period after initiation of cf dosing. the mean ...	1987	3501547
pediococci and biotechnology.	nomenclature changes of pediococci postdate the publication of bergey's manual. pediococci possess both a "group" and a "type" antigen. they are gram positive, asporogenous, nonmotile, generally catalase negative, but may possess catalase-like activity. the pediococci may have either a cytochrome or a flavoprotein enzyme system. anaerobically they are homofermentative using the pep:pts and the emp pathway. catalase positive strains utilize glucose aerobically and anaerobically while lactose and ...	1987	3308317
citrate metabolism by pediococcus halophilus.	several strains of non-citrate-metabolizing pediococcus halophilus have previously been isolated from soy sauce mash or moromi. the factors controlling the metabolism of citrate in soy pediococci were studied. all the soy pediococcal strains tested which failed to decompose citrate did not possess citrate lyase [citrate (pro-3s)-lyase; ec 4.1.3.6] activity. in p. halophilus, citrate lyase was an inducible enzyme, and the optimum ph for activity was 7.0. the metabolism of citrate in p. halophilus ...	1987	16347358
a differential medium for the enumeration of homofermentative and heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria.	a medium was developed for the differential enumeration of homofermentative and heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria. essential components of the medium included fructose (14 mm), kh(2)po(4) (18 mm), bromcresol green (as a ph indicator), and other nutrients to support growth. in agar medium, homofermentative colonies were blue to green, while heterofermentative colonies remained white. a total of 21 lactobacillus, pediococcus, leuconostoc, and streptococcus species were correctly classified w ...	1987	16347367
plasmid-associated bacteriocin production and sucrose fermentation in pediococcus acidilactici.	production of bacteriocin activity designated pediocin pa-1 was associated with the presence of a 6.2-megadalton plasmid in pediococcus acidilactici pac1.0. the bacteriocin exhibited activity against p. acidilactici, p. pentosaceus, lactobacillus plantarum, l. casei, l. bifermentans, and leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. dextranicum. partial characterization of pediocin pa-1 is described. the molecular weight of pediocin pa-1 was ca. 16,500. additionally, strain pac1.0 was found to contain a 23-m ...	1987	16347470
vancomycin-resistant gram-positive bacteria isolated from human sources.	recent reports of infections with vancomycin-resistant gram-positive bacteria prompted us to study vancomycin-resistant isolates from human sources to characterize the types of bacteria displaying this phenotype. thirty-six vancomycin-resistant gram-positive isolates, 14 from clinical specimens and 22 from stool samples, were identified. these isolates were tentatively identified as lactobacillus spp. (25 strains), leuconostoc spp. (6 strains), and pediococcus spp. (3 strains) on the basis of mo ...	1988	3182995
numerical taxonomy of psychrotrophic lactic acid bacteria from prepacked meat and meat products.	ninety-four strains of lactic acid bacteria isolated from refrigerated, prepacked meat and meat products were together with 59 reference strains of brochothrix, lactobacillus, leuconostoc, pediococcus and streptococcus phenotypically classified, using 96 unit characters. data were examined using simple matching (ssm) or jaccard coefficient (sj), and unweighted pair group algorithm with arithmetic averages. twenty-three clusters with two or more members were defined at the 84% ssm-similarity leve ...	1988	3178187
antibacterial activity of plantaricin sik-83, a bacteriocin produced by lactobacillus plantarum.	lactobacillus plantarum sik-83 produces a bacteriocin, designated plantaricin sik-83, which inhibits 66 of 68 lactic acid bacteria from the genera lactobacillus, leuconostoc, pediococcus and streptococcus. a 500-fold dilution of l. plantarum sik-83 mrs culture supernatant with phosphate buffer was sufficient to kill 10(5) cells/ml of pediococcus pentosaceus within 120 s. the killing of a sensitive population followed exponential kinetics. it was shown that the bacteriocin binds specifically to s ...	1988	3139056
use of mrsd medium and the hydrophobic grid membrane filter technique to differentiate between pediococci and lactobacilli in fermented meat and starter cultures.	modifications of mrs medium were made by incorporation of 0.1 m l-arginine-hcl, 0.0025% phenol red, 100 iu polymyxin b sulfate, by deletion of meat extract, use of only 1.2% (w/v) glucose and increase of mn2+ to 1000 ppm. in addition, adoption of the hydrophobic grid membrane filter (hgmf) system with 0.025% fast green fcf dye and adjustment of the agar medium to ph 5.5 gave mrsd (differential) medium. incubation at 25 degrees c anaerobically under n2 or co2 followed by a post-growth staining pr ...	1988	3275319
molecular taxonomy and phylogenetic position of lactic acid bacteria.	lactic acid bacteria, important in food technology, are gram-positive organisms exhibiting a dna g + c content of less than 50 mol%. phylogenetically they are members of the clostridium-bacillus subdivision of gram-positive eubacteria. lactobacillus and streptococci together with related facultatively anaerobic taxa evolved as individual lines of descent about 1.5-2 billion years ago when the earth passed from an anaerobic to an aerobic environment. in contrast to the traditional, morphology-bas ...	1988	3139049
inhibition of listeria monocytogenes by using bacteriocin pa-1 produced by pediococcus acidilactici pac 1.0.	the bacteriocin produced by pediococcus acidilactici pac 1.0, previously designated pa-1 bacteriocin, was found to be inhibitory and bactericidal for listeria monocytogenes. a dried powder prepared from pac 1.0 culture supernatant fortified with 10% milk powder was found to contain bacteriocin activity. an mic against l. monocytogenes and lytic effects in broth cultures were determined. inhibition by pa-1 powder occurred over the ph range 5.5 to 7.0 and at both 4 and 32 degrees c. in addition, i ...	1988	3144243
application of electroporation for transfer of plasmid dna to lactobacillus, lactococcus, leuconostoc, listeria, pediococcus, bacillus, staphylococcus, enterococcus and propionibacterium.	plasmid dna was introduced by electroporation into bacillus, enterococcus, lactobacillus, lactococcus, leuconostoc, listeria, pediococcus, propionibacterium and staphylococcus as an alternative to competent-cell or protoplast transformation. plasmid-containing transformants were recovered in these recipients at frequencies ranging from 10(1) to 10(5) transformants micrograms-1 of pgk12. several parameters of the protocol, including dna concentration, voltage, plating regimen and electroporation ...	1988	3185282
purification, characterization and antimicrobial spectrum of a bacteriocin produced by pediococcus acidilactici.	an antimicrobial peptide designated pediocin ach was isolated from pediococcus acidilactici strain h. the pediocin ach was purified by ion exchange chromatography. the molecular weight of pediocin ach was determined by sds-page to be about 2700 daltons. pediocin ach was sensitive to proteolytic enzymes resistant to heat and organic solvents, and active over a wide range of ph. pediocin ach exhibited inhibition against several food spoilage bacteria and foodborne pathogens including staphylococcu ...	1988	2906056
microbial inoculation of alfalfa haylage: ensiling characteristics and milk production response when fed to early lactation dairy cows.	third-cutting alfalfa hay harvested at bud stage and wilted to approximately 65% moisture was treated with a live bacterial inoculant at the rate of 300,000 cfu/g fresh alfalfa. treated alfalfa was packed in polyethylene bags. samples were taken at time of ensiling and d 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, and 28 postensiling. mean ph was lower in the treated haylage (5.09 and 5.71 for treatment and control, respectively). mean temperatures were higher in the treated haylage (30.0 and 28.0 degrees c for treatment an ...	1989	2592644
correlation between depression of catabolite control of xylose metabolism and a defect in the phosphoenolpyruvate:mannose phosphotransferase system in pediococcus halophilus.	pediococcus halophilus x-160 which lacks catabolite control by glucose was isolated from nature (soy moromi mash). wild-type strains, in xylose-glucose medium, utilized glucose preferentially over xylose and showed diauxic growth. with wild-type strain i-13, xylose isomerase activity was not induced until glucose was consumed from the medium. strain x-160, however, utilized xylose concurrently with glucose and did not show diauxic growth. in this strain, xylose isomerase was induced even in the ...	1989	2703460
identification of gram-positive coccal and coccobacillary vancomycin-resistant bacteria.	a total of 84 of 150 vancomycin-resistant (defined as no inhibition of bacterial growth around a 30-micrograms vancomycin disk placed on 5% sheep blood-trypticase soy agar [bbl microbiology systems, cockeysville, md.]) bacteria were definitively identified by determining the phenotypic criteria. the identity of representatives was also confirmed by dna-dna hybridizations. the following strains were identified: 1 enterococcus faecium, 18 leuconostoc mesenteroides, 15 leuconostoc citreum, 9 leucon ...	1989	2723037
activity of glycopeptides against vancomycin-resistant gram-positive bacteria.	gram-positive bacteria resistant to vancomycin are rare; but they include members of the genera leuconostoc, lactobacillus, and pediococcus, as well as recently emerging vancomycin-resistant strains of enterococcus faecium and enterococcus faecalis. vancomycin, teicoplanin, and several vancomycin derivatives were tested for their activities against vancomycin-resistant gram-positive bacteria. vancomycin-resistant e. faecium and e. faecalis were generally cross-resistant to other glycopeptides, b ...	1989	2817848
in vitro activities of daptomycin and other antimicrobial agents against vancomycin-resistant gram-positive bacteria.	a comparative evaluation of daptomycin and eight other antimicrobial agents was performed by the agar dilution technique with 56 strains of vancomycin-resistant gram-positive bacteria, including leuconostoc, lactobacillus, and pediococcus spp. erythromycin, deptomycin, clindamycin, and gentamicin exhibited the greatest activities, whereas penicillin, ampicillin, and cefotaxime showed moderate activities. the organisms were all highly resistant to vancomycin and cefoxitin.	1989	2552910
freon 11 extraction of volatile metabolites formed by certain lactic acid bacteria.	the volatile metabolites formed by 18 lactic acid bacteria, representing three genera, were extracted from a complex medium by using a freon 11 extraction method. the freon extracts were then analyzed by capillary gas chromatography, and certain extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. a total of 35 major peaks, of which 20 were positively identified, were used to differentiate between the various strains. on the basis of the results obtained, it was possible to differenti ...	1989	16347955
nonprotein nitrogen (npn) and free amino acid contents of dry, fermented and nonfermented sausages.	fermented and nonfermented sausages were analyzed for concentration changes in total and nonprotein nitrogen (npn) and in free amino acid profiles during processing. sausages fermented by pediococcus pentaceous at 38°c and heated to 60°c had increases (p < 0·05) in total n and npn contents and increases in concentration (=5 mg per 100 g dry sample) for 14 of 20 free amino acids. nonfermented sausages had no increase (p > 0·05) of npn content and increases in only 6 of 20 free amino acids after h ...	1990	22055113
vancomycin-resistant pediococcus acidilactici: nine cases of bacteremia.	pediococci, vancomycin-resistant gram-positive cocci, have been isolated from human specimens, but an association with clinical illness has not been established. clinical and epidemiologic data were obtained on nine patients who had pediococcus acidilactici isolated from blood. patients were eight elderly adults with complicated medical problems and one infant with congenital jejunoileal atresia. seven patients were hospitalized before p. acidilactici was isolated. eight had received multiple an ...	1990	2324545
phenotypic characterization, cellular fatty acid composition, and dna relatedness of aerococci and comparison to related genera.	aerococci can be misidentified as streptococci, enterococci, pediococci, lactococci, or leuconostocs. to distinguish the genus and determine if another species is needed in the present taxon, we analyzed 37 aerococci for cellular fatty acids and compared them with 377 strains of gram-positive cocci, including the species type strains from each of the related genera. the cellular fatty acid profile of aerococci was distinguishable from other genera. two relatively novel fatty acids found in the a ...	1990	2324269
the phylogeny of aerococcus and pediococcus as determined by 16s rrna sequence analysis: description of tetragenococcus gen. nov.	the phylogenetic interrelationships of the genera pediococcus and aerococcus were investigated using reverse transcriptase sequencing of 16s rrna. the genus pediococcus was found to be phylogenetically heterogeneous. the four species p. acidilactici, p. damnosus, p. parvulus and p. pentosaceus formed a phylogenetically distinct group. within this pediococcal cluster, p. acidilactici was closely related to p. pentosaceus whereas p. damnosus showed a specific relationship with p. parvulus. the spe ...	1990	2227360
resistance to vancomycin and teicoplanin: an emerging clinical problem.	vancomycin and teicoplanin are glycopeptides active against a wide range of gram-positive bacteria. for 30 years following the discovery of vancomycin in 1956, vancomycin resistance was not detected among normally susceptible bacteria recovered from human specimens. since 1986, however, bacteria resistant to vancomycin or teicoplanin or both have been described. strains of the genera leuconostoc, lactobacillus, pediococcus, and erysipelothrix seem inherently resistant to glycopeptides. species a ...	1990	2143434
non-pts uptake and subsequent metabolism of glucose in pediococcus halophilus as demonstrated with a double mutant defective in phosphoenolpyruvate:mannose phosphotransferase system and in phosphofructokinase.	pediococcus halophilus possesses phosphoenolpyruvate:mannose phosphotransferase system (man:pts) as a main glucose transporter. a man:pts defective (man:ptsd) strain x-160 could, however, utilize glucose. a possible glucose-transport mechanism other than pts was studied with the strain x-160 and its derivative, man:ptsd phosphofructokinase defective (pfk-) strain m-13. glucose uptake by x-160 at ph 5.5 was inhibited by any of carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone, nigericin, n,n'-dicyclohexylc ...	1990	2142414
use of a bacteriocin produced by pediococcus acidilactici to inhibit listeria monocytogenes associated with fresh meat.	a bacteriocin produced by pediococcus acidilactici had an inhibitory and bactericidal effect on listeria monocytogenes associated with fresh meat. mics were significantly lower than minimum killing concentrations. when meat was inoculated with l. monocytogenes, the bacteriocin reduced the number of attached bacteria in 2 min by 0.5 to 2.2 log cycles depending upon bacteriocin concentration. meat treated initially with the bacteriocin resulted in attachment of 1.0 to 2.5 log cycles fewer bacteria ...	1990	2117881
septicemia caused by vancomycin-resistant pediococcus acidilactici.	a case of septicemia caused by vancomycin-resistant pediococcus acidilactici is discussed. this appears to be the first reported case of septicemia caused by this organism. the characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibilities of this organism are described.	1990	2199529
structure of an exocellular beta-d-glucan from pediococcus sp., a wine lactic bacteria.	pediococcus sp. produces an exocellular slime containing exclusively d-glucose. the structure of the polysaccharide was determined by methylation analysis, smith degradation, enzymic hydrolysis, and 13c-n.m.r. spectroscopy as having a trisaccharide repeating unit, ----3)-beta-d-glcp-(1---- 3)-[beta-d-glcp-(1----2)]-beta-d-glcp-(1----.	1990	2224898
antigenic property of pediocin ach produced by pediococcus acidilactici h.	pediocin ach, a bacteriocin of pediococcus acidilactici h, inhibits the growth of several food spoilage and pathogenic bacteria. the antigenic property of partially purified pediocin ach was tested by immunizing mice and a rabbit. pediocin ach was not immunogenic in these animals as determined by immunoblotting even after conjugation to bovine serum albumin. the non-immunogenic nature of pediocin ach, its non-toxicity to laboratory animals and its hydrolysis by gastric proteolytic enzymes may be ...	1990	2272942
antimicrobial susceptibility of vancomycin-resistant leuconostoc, pediococcus, and lactobacillus species.	eighty-five strains of vancomycin-resistant gram-positive bacteria from three genera, leuconostoc, pediococcus, and lactobacillus, were tested to determine susceptibility to 24 antimicrobial agents by broth microdilution and to 10 agents by disk diffusion. the mics of vancomycin and teicoplanin ranged from 64 to greater than 512 micrograms/ml; however, the mics of daptomycin, a new lipopeptide, were all less than or equal to 0.25 micrograms/ml. none of the organisms were resistant to imipenem, m ...	1990	2344161
clinical and microbiologic characteristics of pediococci.	over a 43-month period, 23 separate isolates of nonenterococcal alpha- and nonhemolytic streptococci were reported by our clinical microbiology laboratory to be resistant to vancomycin. this constituted 0.32% of nonenterococcal alpha- and nonhemolytic streptococci reported and 4.4% of such streptococci upon which susceptibility testing was performed. of 13 isolates which were available for further study, all were highly resistant to vancomycin (mic greater than or equal to 1,024 micrograms/ml), ...	1990	2380362
[effects of solute on growth and intracellular salt concentration of pediococcus halophilus ccrc 12884 isolated from inyu mash].	optimal growth conditions for pediococcus halophilus ccrc 12884, a halophilic strain of lactic acid bacterium isolated from inyu (black bean sauce) mash, were mrs broth with 10% nacl and 35 degrees c of incubation temperature. the nacl in media could not be replaced by sucrose or glycerol of same concentrations, and under certain osmolarity, growth of p. halophilus ccrc 12884 only in nacl was better than that in nacl plus sucrose or glycerol. to determine effects of monovalent and divalent ions ...	1990	2394184
heme-dependent and heme-independent nitrite reduction by lactic acid bacteria results in different n-containing products.	seventy strains of lactic acid bacteria were investigated for nitrite reductase activity. two types of this activity were detected. type i was found in lactobacillus plantarum, l. pentosus and pediococcus pentosaceus. this activity is heme-dependent with ammonia as the sole product. type ii mechanism is heme-independent and reduces nitrite to no and n2o.	1990	2397159
septicaemia caused by pediococcus pentosaceus: a new opportunistic pathogen.	a case of septicaemia caused by pediococcus pentosaceus is described. the role played by pediococci, and other vancomycin-resistant gram-positive cocci, in disease states is examined. we suggest that in immunocompromised patients these organisms act as opportunist pathogens. this would appear to be the first reported case of p. pentosaceus septicaemia.	1991	1753117
recovery of vancomycin-resistant gram-positive cocci from pediatric liver transplant recipients.	between november 1988 and october 1989, 49 first-time pediatric liver transplant recipients at the children's hospital of pittsburgh were prospectively monitored for the presence of stool colonization and the development of disease caused by vancomycin-resistant gram-positive cocci (vrgpc). quantitative stool culturing was done on a weekly basis, and cultures were planted onto a selective medium for vrgpc. isolates for which the mic was greater than or equal to 8 were considered resistant to van ...	1991	1774255
overproduction of glutamate racemase of pediococcus pentosaceus in escherichia coli clone cells and its purification.	we previously isolated a 6.0-kb dna fragment that specifies glutamate racemase activity from the chromosomal dna of pediococcus pentosaceus by digestion with hindiii (n. nakajima, k. tanizawa, h. tanaka, and k. soda, 1986), agric. biol. chem. 50, 2823-2830). we digested it further with ecori to obtain a fragment of 1.8 kb, which was blunt-ended and ligated into the smai site of vector plasmid pkk223-3. the recombinant plasmid showed a high glutamate racemase activity upon transformation of esche ...	1991	1821778
in vitro activity of 43 antimicrobial agents tested against ampicillin-resistant enterococci and gram-positive species resistant to vancomycin.	a total of 57 strains of ampicillin-resistant and -susceptible enterococci representing 10 species and 23 strains of vancomycin-resistant gram-positive bacteria (leuconostoc and pediococcus) were tested to determine their susceptibility to 43 antimicrobial agents by the reference broth microdilution method. the drug mics for the ampicillin-resistant enterococci were generally similar to those of ampicillin-susceptible strains, that is, highly resistant to cephalosporins, moderately susceptible o ...	1991	1889183
behavior of listeria monocytogenes in wiener exudates in the presence of pediococcus acidilactici h or pediocin ach during storage at 4 or 25 degrees c.	exudative fluids were collected from packages of five brands of all-beef wieners and inoculated to contain 10(4) to 10(5) cfu of a three-strain (scott a, v7, and 101m) mixture of listeria monocytogenes per ml. listeriae were inactivated (decrease of 0.61 to 3.8 log10 cfu/ml) in all five exudates held at 4 degrees c for 29 days. l. monocytogenes grew (increase of 1.7 to 3.6 log10 cfu/ml) in two of five exudates held at 25 degrees c for 6 days. exudate was inoculated with a derivative of pediococc ...	1991	1906699
the effect of pediococcus damnosus and pediococcus pentosaceus on the growth of pathogens in minced meat.	the antibacterial effects of one strain of pediococcus damnosus and two strains of pediococcus pentosacaeus against clostridium perfringens, listeria monocytogenes, salmonella infantis and yersinia enterocolitica were investigated. growth inhibition studies were conducted in juice from minced meat incubated at +6 degrees c and +15 degrees c for various periods after the inoculation with pediococci. inhibitory effects were seen for all bacteria tested.	1991	1907475
the occurrence and growth of microorganisms during the fermentation of fish sausage.	minced fish (mullet) sausage mixes containing added sugar, salt, nitrate, nitrite and spices were fermented (48 h, 30 degrees c) by indigenous flora or by a starter culture (pediococcus acidilactici) and the microbial ecology and behaviour of various bacteria was monitored. pediococcus pentosaceus and lactobacillus plantarum dominated the indigenous fermentation, achieving populations of 10(7)-10(8) cfu/g by 48 h, and decreasing the ph of the mix to 4.5-4.7. significant growth (10(5)-10(7) cfu/g ...	1991	1909546
release of glucose-mediated catabolite repression due to a defect in the membrane fraction of phosphoenolpyruvate: mannose phosphotransferase system in pediococcus halophilus.	a spontaneous mutant 9r-4 resistant to 2-deoxyglucose (2dg) was derived from a wild-type strain pediococcus halophilus i-13. phosphoenolpyruvate (pep)-dependent glucose-6-phosphate formation by the permeabilized 9r-4 cells was less than 5% of that observed with the parent i-13. in vitro complementation of pep-dependent 2dg-6-phosphate formation was assayed with combination of the cytoplasmic and membrane fractions prepared from the i-13 and the mutants (9r-4, and x-160 isolated from nature), whi ...	1991	1953293
use of dna probes in the study of silage colonization by lactobacillus and pediococcus strains.	a technique to monitor lactic acid bacteria inoculants in silage, based on specific dna probes, was developed and used to evaluate the colonization properties of two strains of lactobacillus plantarum and one strain of pediococcus pentosaceus which were used as maize silage inoculants in farm conditions. the results indicated that these three strains were able to dominate the natural microflora of the silage, representing more than the 95% of the bacterial biomass of the maize silage. these stud ...	1991	1960106
antagonistic effects of lactobacilli and pediococci to control intestinal colonization by human enteropathogens in live poultry.		1991	2019552
bacteriocin-mediated inhibition of clostridium botulinum spores by lactic acid bacteria at refrigeration and abuse temperatures.	the bacteriocinogenicity of lactococcus lactis atcc 11454, pediococcus pentosaceus atcc 43200, p. pentosaceus atcc 43201, lactobacillus plantarum bn, l. plantarum lb592, l. plantarum lb75, and lactobacillus acidophilus n2 against clostridium botulinum spores at 4, 10, 15, and 35 degrees c was investigated by modified deferred and simultaneous antagonism methods. all the strains, except l. acidophilus n2, produced inhibition zones on lawns of c. botulinum spores at 30 degrees c. l. plantarum bn, ...	1991	1785919
growth characteristics of meat starter cultures.	the australian code of practice for manufacture of dry and semi-dry sausage (salami) states that fermentation temperatures must not exceed 25°c and that a ph of 5·2 must be achieved in the product within 48 h. in order to select the most appropriate starter cultures for fermentation, lactobacillus plantarum, pediococcus pentosaceus and staphylococcus carnosus were characterised with respect to growth and acid production determined at constant ph (4·7, 5·5 and 6·3). l. plantarum and p. pentosaceu ...	1991	22061650
influence of growth conditions on the production of a bacteriocin, pediocin ach, by pediococcus acidilactici h.	the influence of growth parameters on the production of pediocin ach by pediococcus acidilactici h was studied. this strain produced large quantities of pediocin ach in tge broth (trypticase [1%], glucose [1%], yeast extract [1%], tween 80 [0.2%], mn [0.033 mm], mg [0.02 mm] [ph 6.5]) within 16 to 18 h at 30 to 37 degrees c (final ph, 3.6 to 3.7). pediocin ach production was negligible when the ph of the medium was maintained at 5.0 or above, even in the presence of high cell mass.	1991	16348467
isolation and characterization of microorganisms associated with the traditional sorghum fermentation for production of sudanese kisra.	sorghum flour obtained from sudan was mixed with water in a 1:2 (wt/vol) ratio and fermented at 30 degrees c for 24 h. the bacterial populations increased with fermentation time and reached a plateau at approximately 18 h. at the end of 24 h, sorghum batter ph had dropped from 5.95 to 3.95 and the batter had a lactic acid content of 0.80%. the microbial population during the 24 h of fermentation consisted of bacteria (pediococcus pentosaceus, lactobacillus confusus, lactobacillus brevis, lactoba ...	1991	16348551
immobilization of lactate oxidase in a poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix on platinized graphite electrodes by chemical cross-linking with isocyanate.	a new method for development of an electrochemical sensor based on lactate oxidase is dedbed. platinized spectroscopic-grade graphite electrodes were modified by chemically cross-linking l-lactate oxidase from pediococcus species into a poly(vinyl alcohol) network through reaction with a tri-isocyanate. the immobilized enzyme exhibits high activity and long-term stability. the sensor provides a linear response to l-lactate over a concentration range of 2 x 10(-5)-4 x 10(-3)m and a sensitivity of ...	1991	18965103
assessment of pediococcus acidilactici as a potential silage inoculant.	eighteen pediococcus strains were screened for their potential as silage inoculants. pediococcus acidilactici g24 was found to be the most suitable, exhibiting a short lag phase on both glucose and fructose, a rapid rate of acid production, a high sugar-to-lactate conversion efficiency, no detectable breakdown of proteins or lactic acid, and the ability to grow within a broad range of ph and temperature. when tested in laboratory silos using grass with a water-soluble carbohydrate content of 24 ...	1992	16348773
in vitro activity of mersacidin (m87-1551), an investigational peptide antibiotic tested against gram-positive bloodstream isolates.	we measured the in vitro activity of mersacidin (formerly m87-1551) against 183 clinical isolates (vancomycin susceptible) and 12 additional vancomycin-resistant strains of gram-positive bacteria. the activity for mersacidin increased an average twofold (range, 1.7- to 7.6-fold) in a calcium-enriched medium. the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic)90 for mersacidin was 8-32 times higher than vancomycin for staphylococci, 4-64 times higher for enterococci, and up to 32 times higher for other or ...	1992	1424522