Publications

characteristics of greek isolates of agrobacterium tumefaciens (e. f. smith & townsend) conn.		1973	4583867
chromatin-directed ribonucleic acid synthesis: a comparison of chromatins isolated from healthy, avirulent agrobacterium tumefaciens inoculated, and crown-gall tumor tissues of vicia faba.	chromatin was extracted from healthy, avirulent agrobacterium tumefaciens inoculated, and crown-gall tumor vicia faba internodes of the same age. chromatin from crown-gall tissue produced 5 times more rna per 100 micrograms of dna than chromatin from the healthy tissue. when template availability was compared using chromatin with saturating amounts of escherichia coli rna polymerase, chromatin from crown-gall tissue had 36% more available template than the controls. in addition, when gamma-(32)p ...	1973	16658564
effects of natural microbial preparations on the electrokinetic potential of bacterial cells and clay minerals.	a complex mixture of fermentation residues and eutrophication products used commercially as a soil amendment and in various phases of sewage treatment was effective in reducing the electrophoretic mobility of clay minerals (kaolinite and montmorillonite) and cells of agrobacterium radiobacter. the active fraction(s), which is active at very low concentrations, appears to be a stable (to heat, dialysis, concentration, and storage), net negatively charged polymer which may have several positively ...	1973	16349962
detection and quantitation of octopine in normal plant tissue and in crown gall tumors.	octopine has been detected in normal tobacco leaf and stem tissue, normal sunflower stem tissue, pinto bean leaves, and normal tobacco callus tissue in culture. octopine was identified in extracts by means of electrophoresis and chromatography in several solvent systems. tobacco and sunflower tumor lines induced by various strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens were found to contain from 1 to 240 times as much octopine as the normal plant tissues examined. several strains of a. tumefaciens produce ...	1974	16592142
host-bacteriophage interaction in agrobacterium tumefaciens. 3. phage-coded endolysins.	endolysins were detected in a sensitive strain of agrobacterium tumefaciens (b6) after infection with phage lv-1 and in the lysogen a. tumefaciens v-1 after induction with mitomycin c. a similar endolysin was found in mitomycin c-induced a. tumefaciens c-58, which apparently harbors a defective prophage.	1974	4821492
host-phage interaction in agrobacterium tumefaciens. ii. host strain response to mitomycin c induction.		1974	4822054
attempts to detect deoxyribonucleic acid from agrobacterium tumefaciens and bacteriophage ps8 in crown gall tumors by complementary ribonucleic acid-deoxyribonucleic acid-filter hybridization.	labeled ribonucleic acid (rna) complementary to agrobacterium tumefaciens dna and ps8 bacteriophage dna (crna) were used in a systematic study of the sensitivity of crna/deoxyribonucleic acid (dna)-filter hybridization for detection of small amounts of phage or bacterial dna immobilized on filters. a. tumefaciens crna of specific activity 10(6) to 2 x 10(6) counts per min per mug reacted to a significant extent when the dna-filter contained 1% a. tumefaciens dna in a salmon dna background, but 0 ...	1974	4850689
[8-methoxypsoralen makes agrobacterium tumefaciens, kalanchoe daigremontiana, and the tumor induction sensitive for long wave uv (author's transl)].		1974	4277973
[ultrastructure of some bacteriophages of agrobacterium tumefaciens].		1974	4214287
isolation of the tumor-inducing rna from oncogenic and nononcogenic agrobacterium tumefaciens.	two rna fractions have been isolated and purified from both oncogenic and nononcogenic strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens. both rnas are capable of inducing the formation of transplantable tumors when introduced at wound sites in stems of datura stramonium plants. one of these rna fractions was found to be bound to an rna-directed dna polymerase, while the other was associated with the bacterial dna. physical evidence suggests that both are single stranded and small in size; linear sucrose gra ...	1974	4525450
agrobacterium tumefaciens dna and ps8 bacteriophage dna not detected in crown gall tumors.	renaturation kinetics of labeled agrobacterium tumefaciens dna are not influenced by addition of 10(4)-fold excess of crown gall tumor dna. reconstruction experiments demonstrated that 0.01% added bacterial dna produces a detectable increase in rate of renaturation of labeled dna. crown gall tumor dna therefore cannot contain as much as 0.01% a. tumefaciens dna (one entire bacterial genome per three diploid tumor cells). by the same technique, ps8 bacteriophage dna is not detected in crown gall ...	1974	4530328
quantitative estimation of agrobacterium tumefaciens dna in crown gall tumor cells.	several reports suggest that agrobacterium tumefaciens nucleic acids can induce transformation of the cells of susceptible host plants and that bacteria-free tissue cultures of transformed cells contain a. tumefaciens dna, rna, antigens, or bacteriophages. we assayed vinca rosea tumor dna for base sequence homologies with a. tumefaciens dna by dna.dna solution enrichment and dna.dna filter saturation hybridization techniques. no homologies were found by either method. the filter saturation hybri ...	1974	4530329
large plasmid in agrobacterium tumefaciens essential for crown gall-inducing ability.		1974	4419109
the presence of defective prophages in agrobacterium tumefaciens, strains 806 and b6s.		1974	4437681
studies on the bacteriophage ps-8 of agrobacterium tumefaciens (smith and townsend) conn: purification and properties.		1974	4451429
unidirectional growth and branch formation of a morphological mutant, agrobacterium tumefaciens.	morphological characteristics of thermoconditional mutant agrobacterium tumefaciens f-502 were investigated in relation to growth, division, and synthesis of cellular components. as a result of a shift from 27 to 37 c, mutant cells altered their morphology from short rods to elongated and branched forms; in addition, division and deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis were inhibited at 37 c. at 37 c unidirectional cell growth and branch formation occurred at one end of a cell, and the elongation rate o ...	1974	4455684
the nucleoside triphosphate-ribonucleic acid nucleotidyltransferase (ec 2.7.7.6) of agrobacterium tumefaciens (smith and townsend) conn. purification and properties of the enzyme from the tumorigenic strain b6806.	the rna nucleotidyltransferase (rna polymerase) of the plant-tumorigenic bacterium agrobacterium tumefaciens was purified. the method involves the disruption of the bacterial cells with glass beads in a waring blendor, treatment with deae-cellulose, fractionation with (nh(4))(2)so(4), protamine sulphate precipitation, deae-cellulose column chromatography and either glycerol-gradient centrifugation or phosphocellulose chromatography. the subunit structure of the highly purified enzyme is similar ...	1974	4462737
[antibody formation against agrobacterium tumefaciens in patients with various cancers].		1974	4463498
fine structure and distribution of extracellular polymer surrounding selected aerobic bacteria.	the structure and distribution of extracellular polymer surrounding bacillus circulans, diplococcus (streptococcus) pneumoniae, streptococcus salivarius, staphylococcus aureus, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, herella vaginacola (acinetobacter calcoaceticus), and agrobacterium tumefaciens were studied by electron microscopy. a modified ruthenium red staining procedure was used to examine the fine structure of capsule and slime. freeze-etching and critical-point drying were used to ...	1975	46774
proceedings: studies on large dna plasmids of agrobacterium tumefaciens.		1975	54090
particulate cytochrome c in agrobacterium tumefaciens.	in agrobacterium tumefaciens the main part of c-type cytochromes is tightly bound to the bacterial cell envelope structures. several techniques were attempted to solubilize these cytochromes. the highest yield of cytochromes released is obtained by treatment of particle suspensions with 5% triton x-100. further purification confirms that the proteins are not really solubilized, but still aggregated in small heterogeneous complexes. chromatography on a cm-cellulose column demonstrates that at lea ...	1975	58606
purification of the agrobacterium radiobacter 84 agrocin.		1975	58630
[the influence of protoplast media on the tumor induction on kalanchoe leaves].	experiments concerning tumor transformation of plant cells or protoplasts need complete knowledge of the effects of media components. here inhibiting effects of cellulase onozuka, glucose, sucrose and mannitol (up to 0.3m), of tissue culture media, and of the antibiotic aureomycin on the tumor initiation process in kalanchoe leaves are reported. also the influence of these substances on the growth of the tumor inducing agrobacterium tumefaciens is studied. the results lead to the design of condi ...	1975	123395
[nucleic acids during tumorous transformation in plants].	crown-gall, one of the "plant cancer" is induced in the presence of a soil bacterium agrobacterium tumefaciens which elaborates a tumor inducing principle (t.i.p.), the nature of which is unknown. several informations suggest that some dna sequences of bacterial origin are included in tumorous cells of tissue cultures. a ribonuclease inhibits induction. an rna extracted from agrobacterium induces some hyperplasia transplantable by graft.	1975	130189
[tumorous nature of hyperplasia obtained experimentally].	the determination of the tumorous nature of an overgrowth provides one of the most essential information for all research concerning animal and plant cancerisation. the experimental procedure which will be described here answers to this imperative: it allows to prove the tumorous characteristics of proliferations obtained by inoculation of agrobacterium tumefaciens rna fractions to datura stems.	1975	130191
transfer of the tumor inducing factor in agrobacterium tumefaciens.		1975	164858
purification and properties of cytochrome c-556 from agrobacterium tumefaciens b2a.	cytochrome c-556 from agrobacterium mefaciens b2a was isolated in a pure, homoneous state. the best purification procedure volved ammonium sulphate fractionation, delting on sephadex g-25, column chromatographic fractionation on deae- and cm-cellulose, and gel filtration on sephadex g-75 superfine. substitution of the cm-cellulose step by isoelectric focusing was successful. the purity of the final preparation is warranted by the purity index value, the electrophoretic patterns in the absence an ...	1975	170180
a ferrodoxin from agrobacterium tumefaciens.		1975	179857
an enrichment technique for auxotrophs of agrobacterium tumefaciens using a combination of carbenicillin and lysozyme.	a procedure to enrich for auxotrophic and fermentation mutants of agrobacterium tumefaciens is described. the method is based on the amplification of the killing power of carbenicillin by the addition of lysozyme. isolation frequencies of some types of mutants are presented, with and without the application of the proposed procedure. the yield of mutants is usually enhanced a hundredfold per enrichment treatment.	1975	1104767
attempts to induce tumours with nucleic acid preparations from agrobacterium tumefaciens.	nucleic acid preparations from agrobacterium tumefaciens (smith & townsend) conn. have been tested for tumorigenic activity on a number of bioassay systems including carrot root explants, sunflower and tobacco stem segments, callus cultures of sunflower, tobacco and carrot, and sunflower stems. the methods used to isolate and test the dna included those which have been reported to be successful for the induction of tumours. strict precautions were taken to ensure that the dna samples used in the ...	1975	1113080
host-phage interaction on agrobacterium tumefaciens. iv. phage-directed protein synthesis.	gel electrophoretic and autoradiographic techniques were used to detect the temporal sequence of protein synthesis after infection of the sensitive strain agrobacterium tumefaciens with phage lv-1. three classes of protein were detected: early proteins, class i, which include a protein capable of shutting off host protein synthesis; class ii, proteins which are detected after 30 min; and late proteins, class iii, which include the phage-directed endolysin and five additional proteins that appear ...	1975	1113375
characterization of different plaque-forming and defective temperate phages in agrobacterium.	four agrobacterium tumefaciens temperate phages (pb2a, pb6(omega), pv-1(lv-1) and ps8), were shown to have the same genome size. moreover hybridization experiments by the heteroduplex method and electron microscopy showed a 100% homology between these four phage genomes. indications for lysogeny were found by direct means for the agrobacterum timefaciens strain 396, agrobacterium radiobacter strain 8149 and agrobacterium species 0362 and by the electron microscope negative staining technique fo ...	1975	1123610
attempts to detect agrobacterium tumefaciens and bacteriophage ps8 dna in crown gall tumors by dna-dna-filter hybridization.	a systematic study of the dna-dna-filter reaction is presented which measures its ability to detect small amounts of simple dna (bacterial or bacteriophage) in model mixtures of dna immobilized on filters. saturation curves show qualitatively that significant binding occurs when there is 10% agrobacterium tumefaciens dna on the filter but not 1%. ps8 bacteriophage dna is detectable at a level of 0.1%. true saturation is not attained in the bacterial dna reaction : radioactivity bound represents ...	1975	1125316
protein turnover measured by 18-o exchange with h2-18o in non-growing cells of agrobacterium tumefaciens.		1975	1133576
plasmid required for virulence of agrobacterium tumefaciens.	the irreversible loss of crown gall-inducing ability of agrobacterium tumefaciens strain c-58 during growth at 37 c is shown to be due to loss of a large plasmid (1.2 x 10-8 daltons). the gene responsible for this high rate of plasmid loss at elevated temperatures seems to be located on the plasmid. in addition, another spontaneous avirulent variant, a. tumefaciens strain iibnv6 is shown to lack the virulence plasmid which its virulent sibling strain, iibv7, possesses. deoxyribonucleic acid reas ...	1975	1141196
studies on agrobacterium tumefaciens. iv. nonreplication of the bacterial dna in mung beam (phaseolus aureus).		1975	1147920
agrocin 84 sensitivity: a plasmid determined property in agrobacterium tumefaciens.	it was shown for some oncogenic agrobacterium tumefaciens strains that agrocin 84 sensitivity is determined by the presence of a large closed circular dna plasmid, called the ti-plasmid. whereas wild-type strain c58 is agrocin 84 sensitive, all ti-plasmid cured derivatives were found to be fully resistant. moreover all independently isolated agrocin 84 resistant colonies were stably non-oncogenic and plasmid negative. in a growth experiment carried out at 37 degrees c it was shown that the ki ...	1975	1152843
growth dynamics of agrobacterium tumefaciens in chemostat cultures limited by carbon source and mineral nutrients.	agrobacterium tumefaciens was grown in a chemostat in a chemically-defined medium which hs alpha-methyl d-glucoside, magnesium, manganese, phosphate or urea as the growth-limiting nutrient. steady-state biomass concentrations were dependent on the specific growth rate of the organism when alpha-methyl d-glucoside, manganese or phosphate were growth-limiting nutrients. during magnesium-limited growth, large undamped oscillations in biomass concentration occurred. in all chemostat cultures a varia ...	1975	1156102
the ribosomal ribonucleic acid of agrobacterium tumefaciens.	the 23s rrna of agrobacterium tumefaciens contains at least two nicks which result in the formation of rna components with mol.wts. of 0.52 x 10(6) and 0.48 x 10(6). thus under the usual conditions of extraction and analysis, no 23s rrna was recovered from the bacterium. the experiments show that 23s rrna is synthesized as a continuous chain, in which one or two nicks are formed almost immediately near the ends of the molecule and an additional nick in the middle at a later time.	1975	1191256
structure and biosynthesis of the ribosomal ribonucleic acids from the oncogenic bacterium agrobacterium tumefaciens.	the rrna of the oncogenic bacterium agrobacterium tumefaciens was extracted by several methods and analysed by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. the large rrna of this bacterium is degraded in vivo during the maturation of the ribosome. the influence of mg2+ and denaturation on degradation of 23s rna was studied. in pulse and chase experiments, we identified two precursors of the rrna with mol.wts. of 1.04 x 10(6) and 0.70 x 10(6). from studies of the structure of the large rrna, we propose th ...	1975	1191257
on the question of integration of agrobacterium tumefaciens deoxyribonucleic acid by tomato plants.	treatment of tomato plants with agrobacterium tumefaciens causes subsequently administered [3h]thymidine to be preferentially incorporated into a satellite deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) whose buoyant density is between that of bacterial dna (rho = 1.718 g/cm3) and plant main band dna (rho = 1.692 g/cm3). satellite dna upon shearing or sonic treatment releases fragments of higher and lower buoyant density, as reported by earlier investigators. the satellite has no significant base sequence homology ...	1975	1194235
factors influencing the formation and stability of d-glucoside 3-dehydrogenase activity in cultures of agrobacterium tumefaciens.	d-glucoside 3-dehydrogenase specific activity in agrobacterium tumefaciens was maximal towards the end of the exponential growth phase of batch cultures; over 90% of the activity disappeared within the next 15 h. manganese ions, although essential for growth of the organism, strongly repressed d-glucoside 3-dehydrogenase synthesis in sucrose medium but had little effect when the carbon source was methyl alpha-d-glucoside. d-glucoside 3-dehydrogenase activity increased linearly with increasing sp ...	1975	1194891
effect on microorganisms of volatile compounds released from germinating seeds.	volatile compounds evolved from germinating seeds of slash pine, bean, cabbage, corn, cucumber, and pea were evaluated for their ability to support growth of microorganisms in liquid mineral salts media lacking a carbon source. growth of eight bacteria was measured turbidimetrically and of six fungi as dry weight of mycelium. volatiles caused increased growth of pseudomonas fluorescens, bacillus cereus, erwinia carotovora, agrobacterium tumefaciens, a. radiobacter, rhizobium japonicum, mucor muc ...	1975	1201509
effect of gibberellic acid on crown gall tumor induction in aging primary pinto bean leaves.	gibberellic acid was tested for its effect on tumor induction by agrobacterium tumefaciens in primary pinto bean (phaseolus vulgaris) leaves in various stages of development. the hormone was found to promote tumor induction in partially aged leaves but did not effect tumor induction in very young leaves or in fully matured leaves. it is suggested that the natural loss of susceptibility to tumor induction in maturing pinto bean leaves is associated with a concomitant loss of endogenous gibberelli ...	1975	16659201
induction of responsiveness to octopine and lysopine in crown-gall tumors.	bean leaf tumors induced by agrobacterium tumefaciens strain 181 show enhanced growth in response to octopine or lysopine only if one of these compounds is present during the period of tumor induction. either compound applied during this period results in tumors which subsequently respond to both. the combined action of the bacterium plus octopine or lysopine at induction is proposed to induce transcription of plant genes coding for enzymes involved in the degradation and/or biosynthesis of octo ...	1975	16659274
differential accumulation of proteinase inhibitor i in normal and crown gall tissue of tobacco, tomato, and potato.	a proteinase inhibitor (inhibitor i) is induced in crown gall tumors of tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) initiated through infection with the tumorinducing bacterium, agrobacterium tumefaciens, strains b6 or cg-14. uninfected tissues do not contain immunologically detectable quantities of inhibitor i. inhibitor i synthesis in tobacco crown gall tumors paralleled tumor growth at the average rate of about 4.5 mug of inhibitor i per 200 mg of fresh tissue per day. infection of variegated tobacco mutant ...	1976	16659453
a method for eliminating the contribution of agrobacterium tumefaciens to studies of nucleic acid biosynthesis in crown gall tumors.	a procedure is described that permits the use of radiotracer methods for examining crown gall tumors in the presence of the initiating agent agrobacterium tumefaciens. on the basis of sensitivity testing using the disc diffusion technique and the minimum inhibitory concentration procedure and incorporation of radioactive phosphorus into nucleic acids, it was determined that a. tumefaciens was most sensitive to tetracycline, oxytetracycline, and methacycline. it was further demonstrated that nucl ...	1976	16659494
attempts to detect agrobacterium tumefaciens dna in crown-gall tumor tissue.	primary and secondary crown gall tissue cultures were established from sunflower plants (helianthus annuus, variety mammoth russian) wound-inoculated with agrobacterium tumefaciens (smith and townsend) conn strain b(6). growth rates of tumor tissues and habituated healthy sunflower stem section tissues on basal medium lacking auxin and cytokinin were compared to those of healthy sunflower stem section tissue grown on the same medium with added phytohormones. no difference was detected in the the ...	1976	16659607
developmental effects of zeatin, ribosyl-zeatin, and agrobacterium tumefaciens b(6) on certain mosses.	eight species of mosses studied were divided into two groups on the basis of their developmental responses to ribosyl-trans-zeatin and agro-bacterium tumefaciens b(6). all eight produced either gametophores or callus on the protonema in response to 6-(gamma,gamma-dimethylallylamino) purine and trans-zeatin. three which produced normal gametophores with a. tumefaciens yielded callus or abnormal gametophores with ribosyl-trans-zeatin. ribosyl-trans-zeatin and a. tumefaciens were relatively ineffec ...	1976	16659608
on the isolation of ti-plasmid from agrobacterium tumefaciens.	an efficient lysis method for agrobacterium cells was developed, which allows a reproducible isolation of the tumor inducing (ti)-plasmid. the lysis method is based on the sensitivity of this bacterium to incubation with lysozyme, n-dodecylamine,edta, followed by sarkosyl, after growth in the presence of carbenicillin. we also present a procedure for the isolation of the ti-plasmid on a large scale, that might be used for the mass isolation of other large plasmids which like the ti-plasmid, can ...	1976	1257056
octopine as a marker for the induction of tumorous growth by agrobacterium tumefaciens strain b6.		1976	1267817
role of agrobacterium cell envelope lipopolysaccharide in infection site attachment.	lipopolysaccharide (lps) isolated from agrobacterium tumefaciens inhibited tumor induction by virulent bacteria. lps from site-binding strains was not effective if added to the plant wound shortly after the bacteria, and lps from avirulent, non-site-binding strains of agrobacterium was not inhibitory regardless of the order of addition. however, lps and whole cells of avirulent strains nt1 and iibnv6, which lack of agrobacterim virulence plasmid, were inhibitory. chromosomal deoxyribonucleic aci ...	1976	1278998
conjugation in agrobacterium tumefaciens in the absence of plant tissue.	a general, reliable conjugation system for agrobacterium tumefaciens in the absence of plant tissue is described in which a. tumefaciens can serve either as the donor or recipient of plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid with reasonable efficiency. plasmid rp4 was transferred from escherichia coli to a. tumefaciens and from strain of a. tumefaciens. both rp4 and the a. tumefaciens virulence-associated plasmids were detected by alkaline sucrose gradients in a. tumefaciens strains a6 and c58 after mating ...	1976	783141
particular small size rna and rna fragments from different origins as tumor inducing agents in datura stramonium.	particular rna fragments obtained by action of pancreatic ribonuclease on purified rnas originating from species totally unrelated to agrobacterium tumefaciens (escherichia coli, rabbit, monkey) are capable of inducing the formation of transplantable tumorous tissue when introduced at wounded sites in inverted stems of datura stramonium maintained under axenic conditions on a medium containing auxin and kinetin. reovirus rna and a small size rna (5-6s) isolated from rna bound rna directed dna po ...	1976	822281
octopine and nopaline synthesis and breakdown genetically controlled by a plasmid of agrobacterium tumefaciens.	several nopaline degrading strains and one octopine degrading strain are shown to loose oncogenicity as well as the ability to utilize these guanidine compounds when they are cured of their ti plasmid. to investigate whether the specific genes involved in the utilization of one or the other compound are located on the plasmid, plasmid-transfer experiments have been performed. the plasmid from a nopaline degrading strain has been transferred to a naturally non oncogenic agrobacterium namely a. ra ...	1976	934053
occurrence of trans-ribosylzeatin in agrobacterium tumefaciens trna.		1976	934334
the presence of agrobacterium tumefaciens plasmid dna in crown gall tumour cells.		1976	956781
rp4 promotion of transfer of a large agrobacterium plasmid which confers virulence.	introduction of rp4 plasmid into agrobacterium tumefaciens promotes the transfer on solid medium of large virulence-associated plasmids from virulent donor strains to a plasmidless avirulent recipient. exconjugants were selected for the ability to utilize octopine or nopaline as the sole source of arginine, traits which are coded for by virulence-associated plasmids in the strains employed here. all exconjugants retained the arginine auxotrophy of the recipient strain, and were resistant to ampi ...	1976	971805
physical characteristics of dna from bacteriophages of agrobacterium tumefaciens.	dna was extracted from isolates of bacteriophages grown on virulent and avirulent strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens. molecular weights of dna from phages isolated from the virulent a. tumefaciens (iibv7) were about 41.5 x 10(6) daltons, while those from the avirulent a. tumefaciens (iibnv6) were about 32.5 x 10(6) daltons. the buoyant densities of the four dna's ranged from 1.7086 to 1.7089 g/cm3, values that were not significantly different. dna-dna hybridization studies also indicated that ...	1976	974908
isoenzymes of acid phosphatase and non-specific esterases in cultures of neoplastic and normal tobacco tissues.	axenic cultures of normal, habituated and crown gall teratoma were grown under varying conditions to examine the effects of environment on the expression of neoplastic character. acid phosphatase patterns on polyacrylamide gels did not vary greatly among tissues although there were differences in acid phosphatase activity between various strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens, the bacteria which cause crown gall. certain esterase isoenzymes were found only in tissues grown on specific media, while ...	1976	976652
properties of the cured oncogenic strain 37400 of agrobacterium tumefaciens.	the properties of the 37400 oncogenic strain of agrobacterium tumefaciens are described. this strain was derived from the vi lysogenic strain originally isolated by hamilton from a zinnia elegans tumour. strain 37400 has a number of properties which render it suitable for quantitative and genetic studies. it is cured of prophages and can serve as a universal sensitive indicator for a number of phages isolated from various lysogenic strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens. its good growth properties ...	1976	976880
isolation and complementation analysis of temperature-sensitive mutants of the ps8 bacteriophage of agrobacterium tumefaciens.		1976	976881
isolation and characterization of agrobacterium tumefaciens mutants affected in the utilization of octopine, octopinic acid and lysopine.	using an enrichment procedure, mutant strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens were isolated that lacked the ability to utilize octopine as a nitrogen source. of 55 such isolates, 44 were unable to utilize several amino acids; the remaining 11 strains were altered solely in their ability to utilize octopine, octopinic acid and lysopine. it is concluded that only the latter were plasmid mutations. among them, there was a high, but no absolute, correlation with avirulence. all strains contained the t1 ...	1976	978177
[animal and plant cancers produced by viruses and bacteria].	in this review the animal and plant cancers produced by viruses : (onkeorna, adeno, herpes, papova, pox, reovirus, fig 1-6), bacteria : (agrobacterium tumefaciens, fig. 7), fungi : (plasmodiophora brassicae, and nematode : (meloidgyne) are discussed.	1976	979708
[relationship between crown-gall plant tumors and the cell cycle].	it is established that under conditions of the culture in vitro the greatest amount of crown-gall swellings on topinambur and carrot explants is formed with agrobacterium tumefaciens inoculation 4 and 6 hrs after the tissue extraction and planting, which corresponds to the g1-phase of the 1st cellular cycle. in the inoculated tissue cells entrance to the s-phase is accelerated and the maximal number of labelled nuclei is found 10 hrs earlier.	1976	982581
chemical nature of agrocin 84 and its effect on a virulent strain of agrobacterium tumefaciens.	agrocin 84, produced by agrobacterium radiobacter k84, inhibited ribonucleic acid, deoxyribonucleic acid, and protein synthesis and amino acid transport in a susceptible, virulent strain of a. tumefaciens h-38-9. cell motility was immediately stopped by action of the agrocin, 50% of the cells were killed within 15 min of contact, and the remainder were inhibited. agrocin 84 is trypsin and pepsin resistant, but chemical analysis indicated a small peptide with a molecular weight of 2,500 containin ...	1976	984792
[the presence of agrobacterium tumefaciens in lucerne root nodules].	agrobacterium tumefaciens does not penetrate into nodules on the roots of lucerne with the active strain of nodule bacterium as was established with the aid of genetic markers and plant selection. a nodule, whose shape was not typical and which did not fix nitrogen, was formed on the root of lucerne inoculated with the culture of agrobacterium tumefaciens treated with uv. a bacterial strain isolated from the nodule was identical to a. tumefaciens according to its resistance to streptomycin and s ...	1976	1004260
trans-zeatin in culture filtrates of agrobacterium tumefaciens.		1976	1027440
studies on the bacteriophage ps8 of agrobacterium tumefaciens (smith and townsend) conn: physico-chemical properties of its dna.	dna from the bacteriophage ps8 was extracted and purified. the buoyant density was determined was 1.716 cm3/g. the guanine-cytosine content was calculated to be 57%. dna molecules which looked like circles were found among linear strands in an electron-microscopic study. with an endonuclease from streptomyces albus g the dna was digested to 19 fragments, with molecular weights ranging from 600 to 7,400 daltons. the molecular weight of the dna was determined to be 38.8 x 10(6) daltons +/- 8.7%.	1976	1031838
l-sorbose metabolism in agrobacterium tumefaciens.	the pathway of l-sorbose metabolism in agrobacterium tumefaciens strain b6 was determined to be: l-sorbose leads to d-glucitol (sorbitol) leads to d-fructose leads to d-fructose-6-phosphate leads to d-glucose-6-phosphate. the reduction of l-sorbose and the oxidation of d-glucitol were mediated by nadph- and nad+-linked oxidoreductases, respectively. the intermediates, d-glucitol and d-fructose, were isolated from in vitro reaction mixtures by column chromatography on dowex 1-borate, and identifi ...	1976	1085123
soluble proteins and hydrolases during crown-gall induction in the tomato, lycopersicon esculentum.	soluble proteins isolated from tissues of the tomato lycopersicon esculentum, after inoculation with agrobacterium tumefaciens to induce tumours, have been examined by gel electrophoresis and cytochemically. changes that occur include the suppression of host enzymes, the appearance of bacterial enzymes in the host tissues and the appearance of new enzyme bands in the affected cells. these changes are detectable within 6 hr of infection and prior to evident morphological changes, and may be expl ...	1976	178634
[a rna extract from oncogenic and non oncogenic strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens is an indispensable element for the induction of tumors in datura stramomium].	an rna bound to the reverse transcriptase of agrobacterium tumefaciens has been isolated and shown to be oncogenic for stem tissues of datura stramonium grown under axenic conditions. the tumorous nature of the cellular change induced by the infectious rna was demonstrated by serial grafts of tumors on datura stems and by cultivation of tumorous tissue in vitro on a medium without supplemental auxins and cytokinins. active cellular proliferation within tissues of datura stems was a prerequisite ...	1976	58705
effect of cadmium on fungi and on interactions between fungi and bacteria in soil: influence of clay minerals and ph.	fungi (rhizopus stolonifer, trichoderma viride, fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans, cunninghamella echinulata, and several species of aspergillus and penicillium) tolerated higher concentrations of cadmium (cd) when grown in soil than when grown on laboratory media, indicating that soil mitigated the toxic effects of cd. in soil amended with clay minerals, montmorillonite provided partial or total protection against fungistatic effects of cd, whereas additions of kaolinite provided little or ...	1977	18085
effect of three nematicides on the growth of some phytopathogenic bacteria and fungi.	the effect of three nematicides, aldicarb, fensulfothion, and phenamiphos at four concentrations (1, 5, 25, and 125 ppm) was tested on the growth of five bacteria, agrobacterium tumefaciens, corynebacterium fascians, erwinia carotovora, pseudomonas solanacearum, and streptomyces scabies and four fungi, fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum, fusarium solani, rhizoctonia solani, and sclerotium bataticola. of the bacteria, p. solanacearum was most affected by the chemicals at all concentrations, wh ...	1977	143857
replica-plating virulence assay for agrobacterium tumefaciens.	replica plating onto wounded tobacco leaves provides a convenient method for screening for avirulent mutants of agrobacterium tumefaciens.	1977	330393
the ti-plasmid of agrobacterium tumefaciens, a natural vector for the introduction of nif genes in plants?		1977	336023
octopine and nopaline metabolism in agrobacterium tumefaciens and crown gall tumor cells: role of plasmid genes.	crown gall tumors produced octopine or nopaline or neither compound, depending on the bacterial strain that incited the tumor. the genes specifying production of octopine or nopaline by the tumor were transferred to recipient bacterial strains when the large plasmid associated with virulence was transferred by either conjugation or deoxyribonucleic acid-mediated transformation. our results, which confirm the work of others (bomhoff et al., 1976; goldman et al., 1968; petit et al., 1970), indicat ...	1977	830636
plasmids in avirulent strains of agrobacterium.	twelve strains of agrobacterium radiobacter isolated from naturally occurring crown galls or soil were found to be avirulent on sunflower, tomato, kalanchoe, and carrot. eleven strains contained plasmids of molecular weights 77 x 10(6) to 182 x 10(6) as determined by electron microscopy. one strain contained only a smaller plasmid (50 x 10(6) daltons). several strains had both large and small (ca. 11 x 10(6) daltons) plasmids; one strain contained two large plasmids (112 x 10(6) and 136 x 10(6) ...	1977	830650
induction of d-aldohexoside:cytochrome c oxidoreductase in agrobacterium tumefaciens.	d-aldohexopyranoside:cytochrome c oxidoreductase (aco) was strongly induced by cellobiose, alpha-methylglucoside, beta-methylglucoside, kojibiose, and sophorose. induction was rapid, and aco was readily detectable within 10 min after addition of cellobiose as inducer. although not measurable for 30 to 40 min after addition of inducer, once started, the rate of induction with alpha-methylglucoside equaled or even exceeded that obtained with cellobiose. induction by sucrose, maltose, alpha-alpha-t ...	1977	838689
comparison of thirty-seven strains of vd-3 bacteria with agrobacterium radiobacter: morphological and physiological observations.	thirty-seven cultures of vd-3 bacteria, isolated from clinical specimens, were characterized morphologically and physiologically. the cultures produced positive reactions when tested for oxidase, urease, nitrate reduction, phenylalanine deaminase, oxidative metabolism of carbohydrate substrates, and 3-ketolactose production. these peritrichously flagellated microorganisms were isolated primarily from the respiratory tract. when compared to authentic strains of agrobacterium, they appeared to be ...	1977	845244
[effect of inhibitors of transcription on the growth of mycoplasma and agrobacterium tumefaciens 8628].		1977	865316
[avirulent mutants of agrobacterium tumefaciens 8628 resistant to alpha-amanitin].		1977	865330
zeatin ribonucleosides in the transfer ribonucleic acid of rhizobium leguminosarum, agrobacterium tumefaciens, corynebacterium fascians, and erwinia amylovora.	until recently, the presence in transfer ribonucleic acid (trna) of the hydroxylated cytokinin ribosylzeatin [n6-(4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl)adenosine]was thought to be unique to higher plants. this extension of work from several laboratories indicates the presence of 2-methylthioribosylzeatin in the trna of the plant-associated bacteria rhizobium leguminosarum, agrobacterium tumefaciens, and corynebacterium fascians, but not in that of erwinia amylovora. this cytokinin has the cis configurati ...	1977	893341
a restriction endonuclease from agrobacterium tumefaciens.		1977	913578
homology between ti-plasmids of agrobacterium tumefaciens: hybridzation studies using electron microscopy [proceedings].		1977	913837
comparative study of ti-plasmids in agrobacterium tumefaciens by use of restriction enzymes [proceedings].		1977	913838
[a study of six cultures of "agrobacterium tumefaciens" and "a. radiobacter" (author's transl)].		1977	921138
studies on agrobacterium tumefaciens. viii. avirulence induced by temperature and ethidium bromide.	when tumorigenic strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens were subcultured at temperatures between 31.5 and 37 degrees c or in broth containing ethidium bromide, they lost their capacity to induce tumors in tomato plants. the sensitivities of curing virulence (tumorigenicity) depended on the density of the population of cells, fewer cells (100/ml) being more sensitive to curing than higher densities (10(6)/ml). the loss of virulence need not require the total loss of the virulence-specifying plasmid ...	1977	922605
plasmid content and tumor initiation complementation by agrobacterium tumefaciens iibnv6.	avirulent strains iibnv6 and nt1, derived from virulent strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens, were tested for their ability to enhance tumor initiation (complement) on coinoculation with tumorigenic strains. strain nt1, cured of the agrobacterium virulence plasmid, failed to complement when inoculated with its virulent parental strain or with other virulent strains. strain iibnv6, however, complemented with all virulent strains tested. attachment to host wound sites by both strain iibnv6 and the ...	1977	924973
transfer, maintenance, and expression of bacterial ti-plasmid dna in plant cells transformed with a. tumefaciens.	the mechanism of induction of the plant cancer crown gall by agrobacterium tumefaciens has been briefly described. the salient points are as follows. 1. large plasmids of molecular weight (100 to 150) s 10(6), called ti-plasmids, are essential to the transformation process. 2. ti-plasmids carry a dna segment that can be transferred to, and maintained and expressed in, transformed plant cells. 3. this dna segment has been identified both by direct hybridization experiments between ti dna fragment ...	1977	754869
tumor induction by agrobacterium involves attachment of the bacterium to a site on the host plant cell wall.	cell wall preparations from primary bean leaves were found to inhibit tumor initiation by agrobacterium tumefaciens strain b6 when inoculated with the bacteria on bean leaves. membrane fractions from these same leaves were noninhibitory. the cell walls were effective when applied prior to or with bacteria, but application of cell walls about 15 minutes after bacteria did not affect the number of tumors initiated. much of the inhibitory activity of the plant cell walls was eliminated by pretreatm ...	1977	16659858
sequence arrangement in satellite dna from the muskmelon.	two fractions of a satellite dna from the muskmelon (cucumis melo l.) isolated as a unimodal peak from cscl gradients, differ in melting properties and complexity as estimated by reassociation kinetics. at 49.8 c, all of the low melting fraction was denatured and all of the high melting fraction was native. there were almost no partially denatured molecules detected in the electron microscope at this temperature. this observation provides direct evidence that the two fractions are not closely li ...	1977	16659902
role of bacterial lipopolysaccharide in attachment of agrobacterium to moss.	gametophore induction in moss by agrobacterium tumefaciens was inhibited by addition of lipopolysaccharide (lps) from a. tumefaciens. the lps did not affect bacterial viability or appear to bind to bacterial cells. lps from nonbinding agrobacterium radiobacter was not effective in reducing gametophore formation. a. tumefaciens lps, if added 24 hours after addition of viable bacterial cells, had no effect in reducing gametophore formation. the polysaccharide portion of the lps was identified as t ...	1977	16660180
thermosensitive step associated with transfer of the ti plasmid during conjugation: possible relation to transformation in crown gall.	it is reported here that transfer by means of a conjugative process of an oncogenic plasmid from a virulent strain of agrobacterium tumefaciens to a strain of that organism that had been cured of the plasmid is thermosensitive. since the thermosensitive step found in the conjugative process appears similar in every respect to a thermosensitive step that is involved in the transformation of a normal cell to a tumor cell in the crown gall disease of plants, it is suggested that the observed result ...	1977	16592419
the involvement of the 3':5'-cyclic-amp phosphodiesterase in transformation and growth of crown-gall tumors in bryophyllum daigremontianum.	in crown-gall tumor tissue obtained from leaves of bryophyllum daigremontianum an adenosine 3':5'-cyclic phosphate (3':5'-cyclic-amp) degrading activity increases up to 2.5 fold until the fifth day after inoculation with agrobacterium tumefaciens, declining to the value of the control in the solid tumor. theophylline up to 1 mmol l(-1) given to wounded leaves of bryophyllum daigremontianum has no effect on the number of tumors. the effect of higher concentrations given over extended periods can ...	1977	24420634
agrobacterium tumefaciens site attachment as a necessary prerequisite for crown gall tumor formation on potato discs.	the infectivity of agrobacterium tumefaciens strain b6 was inhibited about 50% when these bacteria were inoculated on potato discs with equal viable cell counts of a weakly virulent strain of a. tumefaciens (b-48) or autoclaved strains of b6 or b-48. inhibition by b-48 or autoclaved b6 could still be obtained when these cells were added up to a maximum of 10 minutes after the addition of viable b6. maximum inhibition occurred when these cells were added 10 minutes prior to the addition of b6. th ...	1978	16660410
in vivo synthesis of crown gall-specific agrobacterium tumefaciens-directed derivatives of basic amino acids.	several kinds of primary sunflower (helianthus annuus) crown gall tissues were established in tissue culture and then labeled in vivo with either [(14)c]arginine, [(14)c]histidine, [(3)h]lysine, or [(3)h]ornithine. crown gall tissues incited by agrobacterium tumefaciens strains that utilize octopine as a sole source of carbon or nitrogen for growth synthesized the four members of the n(2)-(1-carboxyethyl)-amino acid family: octopine, histopine, lysopine, and octopinic acid. those tissues incited ...	1978	16660462
characterization of the enzyme responsible for nopaline and ornaline synthesis in sunflower crown gall tissues.	extracts prepared from sunflower (helianthus annuus l.) crown gall tissues induced by agrobacterium tumefaciens strains c58 and t37 (nopaline utilizers) catalyze the synthesis of nopaline and ornaline. these compounds are not synthesized in extracts of crown gall tissues induced by strains b6, 15955 (octopine utilizers), and at1 (utilizes neither octopine nor nopaline) or in extracts of habituated sunflower callus. both synthetic activities require nadph, alpha-ketoglutarate, and either arginine ...	1978	16660518
effect of sublethal heat injury on tumour induction and rna synthesis in agrobacterium tumefaciens.	when cells of agrobacterium tumefaciens are subjected to sublethal heat injury at 45 degrees c for 20 min, less than 5% of the viable population retain their ability to initiate tumour formation on kalanchöe daigremontiana. if the cells are then incubated in phosphate buffer at 27 degrees c for 2 h, tumour initiation returns to control levels. inhibitors of dna and protein synthesis had little effect on the recovery of tumour initiation after heat injury. rifamycin, a specific inhibitor of rna s ...	1978	756950
transfer of nitrogen fixation genes from a bacterium with the characteristics of both rhizobium and agrobacterium.	strain t1k, reported to be rhizobium trifolii strain t1 carrying the drug resistance plasmid ru-1drd, was able to transfer a cluster of nif+ genes to escherichia coli k-12. additional genetic material, resembling the gal-chla region of e. coli, was also transferred from strain t1k. the segregation pattern of these transferred genes suggested that they were on a plasmid. although strain tik was able to nodulate red and white clover, it also formed very slow-growing galls on tomato stems and share ...	1978	342496